217:, the head of the commission, travelled by ship, car and train, visiting sites in both France and Belgium. The journey was intended to set an example of pilgrimage to other travellers, and pomp and ceremony (apart from at Terlincthun) were avoided. The party inspected cemeteries and memorials, some still under construction, and met local representatives, army generals, war graves officials, memorial and headstone carvers and cemetery gardeners. During the journey, memorial silences were held and wreaths laid. Visits were made to graves of soldiers from all the Imperial Dominions, as well as India.
418:
broadcast to the nation and the Empire on the radio, and the story depicts the subsequent conversation and story-telling that takes place one evening between a 6-year-old boy, the son of a doctor at a colonial prison, and his carers for that evening, a household servant and one of the prison convicts. Among the stories told is one related by the convict, a tribesman and former soldier, as told to him by his
Colonel. In this story, the convict describes the ordering of the construction of the war graves and the pilgrimage undertaken six years earlier by the King (referred to as "the
442:
convict concludes that the King's kindly actions towards the general had saved the general's life and led to a "blood-debt" that would be repaid by the King recovering from his illness. In the short story, this episode with the general and his overcoat is stated to have taken place towards the end of the pilgrimage at an Indian cemetery, though accounts of
Kipling's movements during the pilgrimage ascribe the incident that inspired the short story to a few days earlier on 11 May, a "bitterly cold" day when Kipling had been waiting for the King and Haig near Ypres.
427:
way, nor at my stirrup. For it is a pilgrimage. I go to salute the People of the Graves." Then he went over. And where he saw his dead laid in their multitudes, there he drew rein; there he saluted; there he laid flowers upon great stones after the custom of his people and the old women and the little staring children of
Frangistan pressed him close, as he halted among the bricks and the ashes and the broken wood of the towns which had been killed in the War.
202:
22:
154:. She also considers the pilgrimage as an "interpretive context" for Eliot's poem, stating that "een through Kipling's poetic lens, the king's exemplary pilgrimage became as much romance quest as religious ritual", and suggests that Kipling's poem blurs the line between "conservative, traditional commemoration" and the "antiestablishment modernism" represented by Eliot.
171:
organisations arranging for bereaved relatives to visit the cemeteries and memorials. Also included in the opening pages is a signed letter from the King himself, again mentioning the proposed use of the profits from the book to assist those travelling to visit graves. Following the opening pages, the book proper consists of 34 pages of text, authored by
311:, to pay homage to the French war dead. As with other locations visited, this site was not yet the location of a memorial, but as at the Menin Gate, the design for the memorial structure to be built here (a basilica) was shown to the King. After this, the route of the pilgrimage passed near or through places on the battlefields of the
315:, with many cemeteries being visited (Warlencourt, Warloy-Baillon, Forceville, Louvencourt, Picquigny, Crouy, Longpre-les-Corps Saints). On that evening, the King was greeted by the Bishop of Amiens at Picquigny. After journeying back towards the French coast, the night of 12 May was spent at Etaples at the mouth of the
170:
for the chapters describing the King's journey, and to caption some of the photographs. The book, which was illustrated with black-and-white photographs, sold in "huge numbers". A statement in the book declared that profits from the sale of the book would, at the behest of the King, be donated to the
785:
state that the mother was from "the West of
England" and that the son was "Sergeant Matthew, R.A.S.C., in Etaples Cemetery". In the Debt of Honour database of the Commonwealth War Graves Commission, there are three people buried at Etaples Military Cemetery named "Matthew", one of whom is named as a
426:
And when all was done, and the People of the Graves were laid at ease and in honour, it pleased the
Padishah to cross the little water between Belait and Frangistan , and look upon them. He give order for his going in this way. He said: "Let there be neither music nor elephants nor princes about my
255:
and Major R. Seymour. The pilgrimage started on 11 May in
Belgium, after a State Visit with the Belgian King, following which the King and his companions travelled by Royal Train through Belgium and France, using cars to tour the cemeteries from the towns where the train stopped. As described by Fox
349:
Terlincthun
British Cemetery is located high on the cliffs of Boulogne, from which it is sometimes possible to see the white cliffs of the English coast. A fleet of French and British warships awaited the King to escort him home, but first, joined by Queen Mary, he visited the graves of the British
437:
The rest of the short story features further description of the pilgrimage, including a specific incident inspired by
Kipling's own experience on the pilgrimage. In the story, as presented in "The Debt", the King travels to one of the war cemeteries where a British general is waiting to greet him.
441:
This leads to the central theme of the short story, as (returning to 1928) the convict and the household servant, a devout Muslim, attempt to forecast the outcome of the King's chest condition. They note that the King had forenamed in 1922 the disease that would strike him in 1928; from this, the
417:
A description of the pilgrimage is also present in a short story by
Kipling called "The Debt", which he wrote some years later and which was published in 1930. The story is set at the time of a serious chest infection that affected King George V in November 1928. News of the King's condition was
396:
This was followed by a speech in French by
General de Castelnau, referring to the sea breeze bringing scents of England from across the Channel, and pledging to guard and honour the British dead. More wreaths were laid, by de Castelnau on behalf of the Anglo-French Committee of the Imperial War
386:...here, at Terlincthun, the shadow of his monument falling almost across their graves, the greatest of French soldiers, of all soldiers, stands guard over them. And this is just, for side by side with the descendants of his incomparable armies, they defended his land in defending their own.
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Although still recovering from an illness, the general had removed his overcoat and was waiting in his uniform in cold weather. The King told the general to put the overcoat back on against the cold, and warned him against a named illness that the general might otherwise contract.
397:
Graves Commission, and by another French general for the French Army. The concluding ceremony centred around the Stone of Remembrance, draped with the British flag, before which the Queen laid another wreath. The French guard of honour lowered their standards, and buglers of the
45:. This journey was part of the wider pilgrimage movement that saw tens of thousands of bereaved relatives from the United Kingdom and the Empire visit the battlefields of the Great War in the years that followed the Armistice. The poem was written by the British author and poet
175:, divided into four sections, with 61 black-and white photographs illustrating the book. The book ends with the text of two telegrams and a letter of thanks sent by the King following his return home. Later reprints of the poem included its use in the opening pages of
65:, had lost his only son in the war. Kipling, a member of the Imperial War Graves Commission, was its literary adviser and wrote many of the inscriptions and other written material produced for the commission. The first publication of the poem in the UK was in
244:. Kipling was touring in a separate party to that of the King, but was asked several times to meet with him. The pilgrimage culminated in a visit to Terlincthun British Cemetery on 13 May 1922, where the King gave a speech that had been composed by Kipling.
183:
The spirits of the mighty army of the dead seemed to marshall come to receive the homage of the King, for whom they died, and to hear that in the land which they saved their names will live evermore.
760:(1922), Frank Fox and Rudyard Kipling, London: Hodder & Stoughton. The summary in this article of the King's pilgrimage is based on the longer account given in this book by Fox.
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the representative of the Secretary of State for India. The final visit was to Terlincthun British Cemetery to carry out what was described by Fox as the "crowning act of homage".
101:, which all flow through the World War I battlefields. The poem also talks about "a carven stone" and "a stark Sword brooding on the bosom of the Cross", referring to the
2625:
307:, at that time the Governor-General of Canada, and during the war the commander of the Canadian forces that fought at Vimy. On 12 May, the pilgrimage arrived at
1064:
870:
The final day of the King's pilgrimage did include a visit to an Indian cemetery, Meerut Military Cemetery, where he was met by General Sir Alexander Cobbe.
841:
591:
The database entry for Fox] refers to "misc corresp and papers rel to The King's Pilgrimage" held in the archives of the Commonwealth War Graves Commission.
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Further details are available in the entries in the Commonwealth War Graves Commission's Debt of Honour database for all three graves visited by the King:
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338:(High Commissioner for Newfoundland), and representatives of Australia and South Africa (these two High Commissioners being absent to attend the
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370:, and together with a guard of honour of French soldiers saluted the dead to begin a two-minute silence. Following this, the King, facing the
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288:, the equerry to the King's son, the Prince of Wales). While in and around Ypres, the touring party also visited the site of the planned
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2188:
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This source includes the information that the book sold in "huge numbers", though it is not clear where this information comes from.
150:, published later the same year. In her 2009 paper, Joanna Scutts draws comparisons between the structure of the poem and that of a
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224:, where the King laid flowers on the grave of a soldier following a personal request that had been made by the soldier's mother to
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166:. The poem prefaced the book, and lines and stanzas from the poem and from the speech given by the King, were used as
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240:, who had led the French army during the final year of the war. Other dignitaries to meet with the King included the
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Crossing to France, the Royal Party stopped for the night at Vimy. This place was not yet the site of the
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772:, Sidney C. Hurst, Metheun & Co Ltd, London, 1929, pp v–vi (reprint by the Naval and Military Press)
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794:. He died on 09/12/1918, and his Debt of Honour entry includes the information that his widow was from
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Scutts, Joanna (2009). "Battlefield cemeteries, pilgrimage, and literature after the First World War".
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179:, a guide to the commission's war cemeteries and memorials in France and Flanders, published in 1929.
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53:. Aspects of the pilgrimage were also described by Kipling within the short story "The Debt" (1930).
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The official Royal Party, in addition to the King, Haig and Ware, included the Right Honourable Sir
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358:(representing the French Army), along with other dignitaries, including the cemetery architect Sir
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that would later be built there, but recalling the battle fought here, the King sent a telegram to
116: That ever called him King.
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The analysis and the interpretation of the poem, "partly based on the ORG" , fully known as
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374:, delivered an eloquent and moving speech composed by Kipling, which made reference to
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memorial to the missing, and several other cemeteries associated with battles of the
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cemeteries and memorials being constructed at the time in France and Belgium by the
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war dead. Along with Haig (representing the Army), the royal couple were joined by
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49:, while the text in the book is attributed to the Australian journalist and author
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for tens of thousands of French war dead, the King and Haig met with Marshal
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Twixt Nieuport sands and the eastward lands where the Four Red Rivers spring,
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38:
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from King George V's speech at Terlincthun British Cemetery, 13 May 1922
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Description of the pilgrimage movement and the journey by King George V
469:. Vol. 5 (2004) ed.). University of Iowa Press. p. 120.
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109:, architectural motifs being used by the Commission in the cemeteries.
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1813:
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342:). The next visit was to Meerut Indian Cemetery, meeting General Sir
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34:
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Kipling's poem describing the King's journey has been compared to
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Five hundred thousand gentlemen of those that served their King.
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of 15 May 1922, while the poem also appeared in the US in the
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686:(Definitive ed.). Garden City, NY: Doubleday. pp.
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The poem was reprinted in a book published the same year by
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1959:
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98:
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in the book about the pilgrimage, places visited included
209:
The King and his entourage, which included Field Marshal
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663:
Harbord's Readers' Guide to the Works of Rudyard Kipling
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737:
735:
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276:(including a visit to the graves of the King's cousin,
1065:
From Sea to Sea and Other Sketches, Letters of Travel
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The final day of the pilgrimage, 13 May, started at
33:" is a poem and book about the journey made by King
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188:closing words of the text by Frank Fox in the book
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636:
634:
632:
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2604:King George V School, Gilbert and Ellice Islands
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114:And there lay gentlemen from out of all the seas
889:Text of Kipling's poem 'The King's Pilgrimage'
713:
629:
77:. The text of the poem includes references to
2441:King George V Avenue of Memorial English Oaks
2041:Mary, Princess Royal and Countess of Harewood
1975:
931:
798:, and that his mother was Jane Ellen Matthew.
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362:. After visiting the graves, the King laid a
2077:Albert Victor, Duke of Clarence and Avondale
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605:
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1246:Rudyard Kipling's Verse: Definitive Edition
904:Background notes on the poem, book and tour
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833:
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829:
827:
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491:
489:
487:
1982:
1968:
938:
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716:English Literature in Transition 1880–1920
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531:. Canberra: National Centre of Biography,
220:The sites visited on the journey included
1057:Wee Willie Winkie and Other Child Stories
813:Lord Charles George Francis Mercer-Nairne
594:
432:From "The Debt" (1930) by Rudyard Kipling
85:), and "four Red Rivers", said to be the
2494:British Empire Exhibition postage stamps
822:
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458:
456:
454:
200:
20:
809:Prince Maurice Victor Donald Battenberg
674:
445:
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970:The Naulahka: A Story of West and East
409:, bringing the pilgrimage to its end.
135:, "The King's Pilgrimage", lines 43-46
2403:With Our King and Queen Through India
1963:
1041:The Phantom 'Rickshaw and Other Tales
919:
523:"Fox, Sir Frank Ignatius (1874–1960)"
497:"Pilgrimage: When the boys came home"
451:
334:(High Commissioner for New Zealand),
1809:Ritual of the Calling of an Engineer
912:by Roger Ayers (The Kipling Society)
906:by Roger Ayers (The Kipling Society)
610:McGivering, John (20 October 2008).
330:(High Commissioner for Canada), Sir
1840:Rudyard Kipling: A Remembrance Tale
1581:The Conversion of Aurelian McGoggin
945:
817:Major William George Sidney Cadogan
13:
1539:The Arrest of Lieutenant Golightly
528:Australian Dictionary of Biography
280:, and the King's one-time equerry
14:
2717:
1721:The Sing-Song of Old Man Kangaroo
1378:The Gods of the Copybook Headings
876:
463:Pinney, Thomas, ed. (1920–1930).
2599:King George's Medical University
1866:Caroline Starr Balestier Kipling
1280:The Ballad of the 'Clampherdown'
81:(a coastal port down-river from
2706:Cultural depictions of George V
2609:King George V School, Hong Kong
864:
801:
775:
763:
646:(Notes on the text of the poem)
2614:King George V School, Seremban
2489:Postal Union Congress £1 stamp
2177:State and official visits made
2138:Accession Declaration Act 1910
2101:Prince Alexander John of Wales
1658:Learoyd, Mulvaney and Ortheris
792:Alpheus Thomas William Matthew
668:
565:
533:Australian National University
515:
466:The Letters of Rudyard Kipling
412:
43:Imperial War Graves Commission
1:
1602:The Drums of the Fore and Aft
1420:The Last of the Light Brigade
1155:
910:Notes on the text of the poem
612:"The Debt: Notes on the poem"
578:National Register of Archives
354:(representing the Navy), and
286:William George Sidney Cadogan
196:
2701:Hodder & Stoughton books
2676:Literature about pilgrimages
2199:Buckingham Palace Conference
1989:
819:. Accessed 26 February 2010.
781:The details given by Fox in
278:Prince Maurice of Battenberg
16:1922 book by Rudyard Kipling
7:
2586:King George V National Park
2287:Royal address to the nation
1714:The Ship that Found Herself
1287:The Ballad of East and West
1254:A Choice of Kipling's Verse
270:Brandhoek Military Cemetery
10:
2722:
2581:King George V Dock, London
2411:King George and Queen Mary
2209:Silver Jubilee of George V
2000:King of the United Kingdom
1595:The Devil and the Deep Sea
1567:The Butterfly that Stamped
1009:Plain Tales from the Hills
282:Lord Charles Mercer-Nairne
2681:Poetry by Rudyard Kipling
2636:
2563:King George V DLR station
2511:
2476:
2449:
2421:
2394:
2312:Edward & Mrs. Simpson
2295:
2274:
2265:
2229:
2204:British Empire Exhibition
2133:Proclamation of accession
2120:
2047:Henry, Duke of Gloucester
2015:
1997:
1858:
1786:
1728:The Taking of Lungtungpen
1672:The Man Who Would Be King
1523:
1357:The Female of the Species
1264:
1000:
953:
840:Kipling, Rudyard (1932).
324:Etaples Military Cemetery
222:Étaples Military Cemetery
37:in May 1922 to visit the
1777:Yoked with an Unbeliever
1560:The Broken-Link Handicap
1273:The Absent-Minded Beggar
1222:The Fringes of the Fleet
1025:The Story of the Gadsbys
895:Online copy of the book
788:Royal Army Service Corps
573:"Sir Frank Ignatius Fox"
61:The author of the poem,
2499:King George V Seahorses
2282:Royal Christmas Message
2221:Death and state funeral
2165:Delhi Coronation Durbar
1826:Aerial Board of Control
1756:Toomai of the Elephants
1644:In the House of Suddhoo
842:"The Debt (chapter 17)"
682:Rudyard Kipling's Verse
643:"The King's Pilgrimage"
157:
56:
2558:George V (Paris Métro)
2431:King George V Memorial
2083:Louise, Princess Royal
1804:Indian Railway Library
1707:The Rescue of Pluffles
1514:The White Man's Burden
1257:(by T. S. Eliot, 1941)
1151:All the Mowgli Stories
1127:The Second Jungle Book
435:
394:
213:and Major-General Sir
206:
194:
164:Hodder & Stoughton
138:
26:
2594:King George V College
2458:The King's Pilgrimage
2436:Statue at Westminster
2189:State visits received
2182:Hunting trip in Nepal
2095:Maud, Queen of Norway
1914:Georgiana Burne-Jones
1890:John Lockwood Kipling
1553:Bread upon the Waters
1413:The King's Pilgrimage
1135:Letting in the Jungle
962:The Light That Failed
897:The King's Pilgrimage
891:(The Kipling Society)
783:The King's Pilgrimage
758:The King's Pilgrimage
424:
384:
309:Notre Dame de Lorette
232:, a burial place and
230:Notre Dame de Lorette
205:King George V in 1910
204:
190:The King's Pilgrimage
181:
111:
31:The King's Pilgrimage
24:
2621:King George's Fields
2573:GWR 6000 Class 6000
2568:King George V Stakes
2336:Bertie and Elizabeth
2071:Alexandra of Denmark
2053:George, Duke of Kent
1763:Watches of the Night
1742:The Three Musketeers
1735:Three and – an Extra
1546:Baa Baa, Black Sheep
1406:In the Neolithic Age
1073:Barrack-Room Ballads
786:"serjeant" with the
446:References and notes
372:Stone of Remembrance
356:General de Castelnau
103:Stone of Remembrance
2696:Pilgrimage accounts
2352:Wallis & Edward
2296:Film and television
1686:Miss Youghal's Sais
1238:Limits and Renewals
1225:(1915, non-fiction)
1214:Rewards and Fairies
1206:Puck of Pook's Hill
982:Captains Courageous
846:Limits and Renewals
650:The Kipling Society
616:The Kipling Society
274:Ypres Town Cemetery
2328:All the King's Men
2304:Edward the Seventh
2257:Royal Family Order
2252:Titles and honours
2194:Festival of Empire
1930:Philip Burne-Jones
1922:Edward Burne-Jones
1843:(2006 documentary)
1630:His Chance in Life
1479:The Sons of Martha
1427:The Lowestoft Boat
1392:Hymn Before Action
1230:Debits and Credits
1033:In Black and White
900:(Internet Archive)
885:(Aftermathww1.com)
641:McGivering, John.
368:Cross of Sacrifice
249:Frederick Ponsonby
207:
107:Cross of Sacrifice
27:
2671:World War I poems
2658:
2657:
2507:
2506:
2466:The Faraway Drums
2360:The King's Speech
2089:Princess Victoria
2004:British Dominions
1957:
1956:
1950:
1942:
1934:
1926:
1918:
1910:
1902:
1901:(mother's family)
1898:MacDonald sisters
1894:
1886:
1878:
1870:
1821:Law of the jungle
1799:Bateman's (house)
1097:Mowgli's Brothers
1049:Under the Deodars
975:Wolcott Balestier
770:The Silent Cities
542:978-0-522-84459-7
399:Coldstream Guards
376:the nearby column
336:Sir Edgar Bowring
266:Tyne Cot Cemetery
177:The Silent Cities
2713:
2540:TS King George V
2272:
2271:
2112:House of Windsor
2008:Emperor of India
1984:
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1961:
1960:
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1940:
1932:
1924:
1916:
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1876:
1868:
1679:A Matter of Fact
1623:A Germ-Destroyer
1371:Gentleman ranker
1198:The Five Nations
1182:Stalky & Co.
1160:
1157:
1118:Rikki-Tikki-Tavi
940:
933:
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848:. Archived from
837:
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1294:The Beginnings
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1201:(1903, poetry)
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1174:The Day's Work
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1169:(1896, poetry)
1166:The Seven Seas
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1017:Soldiers Three
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877:External links
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852:on 9 July 2010
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378:commemorating
262:Zeebrugge Raid
260:(scene of the
238:Ferdinand Foch
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143:The Waste Land
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74:New York World
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501:Aftermath WW1
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476:9780877458982
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360:Herbert Baker
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301:Vimy Memorial
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294:Ypres Salient
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19:
2647:
2642:← Edward VII
2640:
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2401:
2382:
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2302:
2247:Mylius libel
2158:Police Medal
2023:Mary of Teck
1882:John Kipling
1847:
1838:
1831:
1794:Bibliography
1574:Consequences
1493:The Sweepers
1443:Mary Gloster
1442:
1412:
1343:Danny Deever
1315:Big Steamers
1252:
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973:(co-author,
968:
960:
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866:
854:. Retrieved
850:the original
845:
803:
782:
777:
769:
765:
757:
715:
681:
670:
662:
653:. Retrieved
649:
619:. Retrieved
615:
583:. Retrieved
576:
567:
526:
517:
504:. Retrieved
500:
465:
440:
436:
425:
416:
405:sounded the
395:
385:
348:
328:P. C. Larkin
321:
317:River Canche
298:
253:Clive Wigram
246:
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189:
182:
176:
161:
141:
139:
124:
120:
113:
72:
66:
60:
30:
28:
18:
2422:Statues and
2107:Descendants
2059:Prince John
2029:Edward VIII
2010:(1910–1936)
1851:(2007 film)
1848:My Boy Jack
1835:(1997 play)
1832:My Boy Jack
1749:Thrown Away
1465:Recessional
1458:My Boy Jack
1364:Fuzzy-Wuzzy
1350:A Death-Bed
1159: 1895
1001:Collections
585:26 February
413:Short story
382:Bonaparte.
352:Earl Beatty
332:James Allen
215:Fabian Ware
148:T. S. Eliot
39:World War I
2691:1922 poems
2686:1922 books
2665:Categories
2320:The Treaty
2267:Depictions
2143:Coronation
2065:Edward VII
2043:(daughter)
1877:(daughter)
1616:False Dawn
1609:Fairy-Kist
1486:Submarines
655:16 January
506:18 January
290:Menin Gate
284:and Major
251:, Colonel
226:Queen Mary
197:Pilgrimage
2512:Namesakes
2424:memorials
2242:Household
2103:(brother)
2079:(brother)
2035:George VI
1814:Iron Ring
1651:Kidnapped
1385:Gunga Din
1336:Dane-geld
1329:Cold Iron
796:Wiltshire
696:225762741
551:1833-7538
407:Last Post
305:Lord Byng
258:Zeebrugge
211:Earl Haig
173:Frank Fox
168:epigraphs
68:The Times
51:Frank Fox
2590:Schools
2484:Admirals
2097:(sister)
2091:(sister)
2085:(sister)
2073:(mother)
2067:(father)
2002:and the
1991:George V
1933:(cousin)
1909:(cousin)
1893:(father)
1770:Wireless
1434:Mandalay
678:(1940).
559:70677943
430:—
420:Padishah
389:—
380:Napoleon
186:—
130:—
105:and the
97:and the
79:Nieuport
35:George V
2230:Related
2170:Honours
2148:Honours
2128:Wedding
1949:(uncle)
1941:(uncle)
1925:(uncle)
1787:Related
1665:Lispeth
1142:Red Dog
1130:(1895)
1092:(1894)
977:, 1892)
856:25 June
621:25 June
366:at the
364:chaplet
234:ossuary
2477:Stamps
2469:(1981)
2461:(1922)
2414:(2012)
2406:(1912)
2387:(2020)
2379:(2019)
2371:(2011)
2363:(2010)
2355:(2005)
2347:(2003)
2339:(2002)
2331:(1999)
2323:(1991)
2315:(1978)
2307:(1975)
2121:Events
2025:(wife)
2016:Family
1917:(aunt)
1869:(wife)
1859:Family
1507:Ubique
1249:(1940)
1241:(1932)
1233:(1926)
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692:OCLC
657:2010
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581:. UK
555:OCLC
547:ISSN
537:ISBN
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