94:, the individual estate and its land, ideally passed down the generations by impartible inheritance to the eldest son. For their Italian-speaking neighbors, the center of attention is not the land but the community, not just the village center but by extension also the nearby city, and the land tended to be divided equally among heirs.
125:
was indeed clear-cut between the villages, in reality the estates in both communities were kept at the same optimized sizes, showing that while cultural differences persisted for centuries even in close proximity, significantly affecting the political sphere, the necessities of the environmental
97:
The study followed an earlier report by Wolf (1962) on his study of the two villages. In the earlier study, Wolf argued for the primacy of culture over environmental constraints, in this case reflecting two distinct and deeply rooted cultural heritages, in the case of the German speakers of the
84:) while the Italian-speaking settlement Tret had a clear nucleus. The authors trace the history of the region through the Middle Ages and down to the current inhabitants and their culture. For the German
121:, where rural communities are culturally dominated by the urban centers on the coasts. The 1974 modified these conclusions, as it became apparent that while the division in the cultural
56:
municipality), only a mile apart and showed that in spite of identical ecological conditions, there were significant cultural differences, one village being
64:, so that the same physical environment was cast in terms of distinct cultural worlds in either village. Comparison of the two villages showed a clear
69:
26:
221:
49:
147:
250:
265:
255:
260:
185:
165:
73:
170:
206:
160:
77:
142:
republished with a new introduction by Eric Wolf, 1999, University of
California Press,
8:
175:
143:
65:
57:
180:
102:
99:
222:
In the Shadow of the Tree: Kinship, Property and
Inheritance Among Farm Families
76:. The German-speaking village St. Felix had the characteristic structure of a
244:
61:
210:, Berghahn Books, New York 2003 (= New Directions in Anthropology, vol. 18).
118:
114:
45:
30:
207:
The
Bounded Field: Localism and Local Identity in an Italian Alpine Valley
90:
22:
41:
126:
conditions still dictated the same strategies for either community.
106:
137:
The Hidden
Frontier: Ecology and Ethnicity in an Alpine Valley
18:
The Hidden
Frontier: Ecology and Ethnicity in an Alpine Valley
110:
85:
53:
37:
113:, in the case of the Italian speakers the Mediterranean
242:
237:Vol. 22, No. 1 (Winter, 1975), pp. 90–92.
68:, in effect that between Germanic Europe and
72:along the southern, alpine boundary of
243:
13:
14:
277:
139:, New York: Academic Press, 1974.
225:, Het Spinhuis, Amsterdam 1994.
213:
198:
1:
191:
135:John W. Cole, Eric R. Wolf,
7:
154:
129:
88:, the social center is the
10:
282:
233:John Friedl, review in
36:The authors studied two
251:Ethnographic literature
186:Romano-Germanic culture
166:Ethnic groups of Europe
25:, published in 1974 by
266:1974 non-fiction books
256:Culture of South Tyrol
74:German-speaking Europe
21:is a classic study of
171:Ethnolinguistic group
161:Dispersed settlement
78:dispersed settlement
52:and Tret (part of
261:History of the Alps
176:History of the Alps
117:inherited from the
219:Henk J. de Haan,
66:cultural boundary
40:villages in the
273:
226:
217:
211:
202:
181:History of Tyrol
111:family household
103:migration period
62:Italian-speaking
281:
280:
276:
275:
274:
272:
271:
270:
241:
240:
230:
229:
218:
214:
203:
199:
194:
157:
148:978-0-520216815
132:
58:German-speaking
12:
11:
5:
279:
269:
268:
263:
258:
253:
239:
238:
228:
227:
212:
196:
195:
193:
190:
189:
188:
183:
178:
173:
168:
163:
156:
153:
152:
151:
140:
131:
128:
70:Romance Europe
60:and the other
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
278:
267:
264:
262:
259:
257:
254:
252:
249:
248:
246:
236:
232:
231:
224:
223:
216:
209:
208:
204:Jaro Stacul,
201:
197:
187:
184:
182:
179:
177:
174:
172:
169:
167:
164:
162:
159:
158:
149:
145:
141:
138:
134:
133:
127:
124:
120:
116:
112:
108:
104:
101:
95:
93:
92:
87:
83:
82:Streusiedlung
79:
75:
71:
67:
63:
59:
55:
51:
47:
43:
39:
34:
32:
28:
24:
20:
19:
235:Ethnohistory
234:
220:
215:
205:
200:
136:
122:
119:Roman Empire
115:civilization
96:
89:
81:
46:Tyrol region
35:
31:Eric R. Wolf
27:John W. Cole
17:
16:
15:
23:ethnography
245:Categories
192:References
105:system of
42:Non Valley
86:Tyroleans
50:St. Felix
155:See also
130:Editions
109:of each
100:Germanic
107:autarky
44:of the
146:
123:ideals
38:Alpine
54:Fondo
144:ISBN
29:and
91:Hof
247::
48:,
33:.
150:.
80:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.