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The Bowman and The Spearman

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20: 28: 1310: 221:, the sculptures were included in the Chicago Monuments Project, whose goal was to evaluate monuments with racially and historically problematic content. The Project's website provided the following description: "Impressive for their heroic scale and bristling energy, the sculptures have been criticized for their romanticized and reductive images of American Indians." The potential removal of the sculptures from the public space sparked extensive discussion in Croatian media, as well as eliciting an official reaction from the 138: 165:. Burnham, a man of vision and charisma, was a strong influence on how the lakefront appears today. He imagined a vast parkland stretching from Michigan Avenue to the lakeshore filled with beautiful gardens, walkways, and public works of art. Burnham himself, however, planned for the two statues to be of “one Indian and one ‘ 184:.” Despite the fact that the weapons never actually existed, many theories have existed over time as to their supposed whereabouts. Some believe that they were taken as part of an elaborate prank, while others are under the impression that their removal was a show of respect after the events of 455: 120:
pedestal. When the area was first designed, the statues were intended to guard a grand staircase into the park. However, this staircase was removed when Congress Parkway was extended in the 1940s. Research in 2006 suggested that the lettering on the pedestals designed by architects
180:. The omitting of the weapons was intentional, as the artist preferred that they be “left to the imagination while attention is focused upon the bold lines of the musculature of both man and beast, as well as the linear patterns of the horses’ manes and tails and the figures’ 195:(1926–27), they are not too obviously stylized: the muscles on the horsemen are almost anatomically realistic... These statues show how much more important true sculptural feeling is than ideology, for Meštrović hardly knew anything about the ideals of the 218: 202:
After completing a number of statues in Europe and other parts of the world, Meštrović returned to the United States and spent the remainder of his life as a celebrated professor first at
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among historically and artistically significant artwork, recommending their recontextualisation through artistic interventions, rather than taking the sculptures down.
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like’ depiction of the conquering white pioneers" to symbolize both America's Indian heritage and its struggle for expansion.
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calling for the preservation of the sculptures. The Project's final report noted that the public regarded the
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An unusual aspect of the sculptures is that both figures are missing their respective weapons, the
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The entrance to Grant Park on Ida B. Wells Drive near Michigan Avenue, flanked on either side by
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as one of the least problematic monuments included in the survey; the Project classified the
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One author said of these works, "Meštrović's finest monumental sculptures are his Chicago
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Keckemet, Dusko. ‘’Ivan Mestrovic’’, McGraw-Hill Book Company, New York, 1976 unpaginated
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and installed at the entrance of the parkway in 1928. Funding was provided by the
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The idea of placing large sculptures at the park entrance originated from famed
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Forever open, clear, and free : the struggle for Chicago's lakefront
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In Celebration of the 200th Anniversary of the Founding of the Republic
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Each statue stands seventeen feet high and rests atop an eighteen-foot
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standing as gatekeepers in Congress Plaza, at the intersection of
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Koenig, Wendy; Badowski, Christine (22 August 2013).
236: 2115: 2346: 925: 479: 477: 1164:Sculpture for DuSable Park, not yet installed ( 456:"Public statues are lumberman's legacy to city" 453: 424: 383:, Syracuse University Press, Syracuse, NY 1959 684:"Hrvatska u Chicagu brani Meštrovićeve kipove" 512: 355:, Publishing House, Beograd, Jugoslavija 1964 1960:Light of Truth Ida B. Wells National Monument 1675: 1191: 911: 755: 474: 1547:1968 Democratic National Convention protests 578:"The Bowman and The Spearman in Chicago, IL" 508: 506: 1552:Barack Obama election victory speech (2008) 2400:Sculptures of Native Americans in Illinois 2314:Cool Globes: Hot Ideas for a Cooler Planet 1682: 1668: 1198: 1184: 918: 904: 762: 748: 483: 2337:: † No longer extant or on public display 1689: 503: 219:removal of controversial public monuments 601: 369:, McGraw-Hill Book Company, NY, NY 1970 136: 26: 18: 16:Set of two equestrian statues in Chicago 2347: 706: 431:The Electronic Encyclopedia of Chicago 223:Croatian Ministry of Culture and Media 199:and they certainly did not move him." 1663: 1179: 899: 743: 735:Save Our Sculptures/Smithsonian Entry 551: 381:Ivan Meštrović – Sculptor and Patriot 2380:Nude sculptures in the United States 2319:Gold Star Families Memorial and Park 1583:Historic Michigan Boulevard District 484:Karamanski, Theodore (Spring 2004). 681: 13: 1333:Abraham Lincoln: The Head of State 769: 540:Architectural Sculpture in America 374:Architectural Sculpture in America 345: 237:Latitude and longitude coordinates 14: 2416: 2304:Art Institute of Chicago Building 728: 604:"Warrior statues missing weapons" 1308: 602:Merevick, Tony (22 March 2011). 2355:1928 establishments in Illinois 1278:Field Museum of Natural History 809:Monument of Gratitude to France 700: 675: 650: 630: 621: 2375:Equestrian statues in Illinois 1974:Looking Into My Dreams, Awilda 1916:Governor Horner State Memorial 1205: 595: 570: 545: 532: 490:American Indian Online Project 454:Hermann, Andrew (1991-08-09). 447: 418: 393: 92:. The sculptures were made in 1: 2395:Sculptures of men in Illinois 2385:Outdoor sculptures in Chicago 2365:Bronze sculptures in Illinois 1253:Grant Park Symphony Orchestra 515:"The Bowman and the Spearman" 387: 340:List of public art in Chicago 46:, also known collectively as 2390:Sculptures by Ivan Meštrović 2259:Jean Baptiste Point du Sable 2009:Monument with Standing Beast 1948:Large Interior Form, 1953–54 1788:Chicago Rising from the Lake 1644:Municipal Grant Park Stadium 1044:Illinois Centennial Monument 856:Monument to the Unknown Hero 486:"Monuments to a Lost Nation" 111: 7: 2208:Robert Cavelier de La Salle 1896:Fountain of the Great Lakes 1794:Chicago Stock Exchange Arch 1424:General John Logan Memorial 1417:Fountain of the Great Lakes 1376:Chicago Stock Exchange Arch 985:Fountain of the Great Lakes 794:The Bowman and The Spearman 333: 213:In 2021, in the context of 10: 2421: 1114:Slabs of the Sunburnt West 1070:Jacques Marquette Memorial 435:Chicago Historical Society 132: 2332: 2296: 1935:Joseph Rosenberg Fountain 1697: 1621: 1560: 1532:Grant Park Music Festival 1504: 1431:Joseph Rosenberg Fountain 1317: 1306: 1213: 1162: 939:Alexander Hamilton Statue 934: 877: 842: 777: 707:Walton, Rob, ed. (2022). 125:was executed by sculptor 1223:Art Institute of Chicago 969:Defense and Regeneration 682:Car, Maja (2021-03-23). 542:, unpublished manuscript 538:Kvaran, Einar Einarsson 425:Sokol, David M. (2005). 379:Schmeckebier, Laurence, 376:, unpublished manuscript 372:Kvaran, Einar Einarsson 208:University of Notre Dame 2022:Mural of Robin Williams 1634:Metra Electric District 1629:Burnham Plan of Chicago 1248:Chicago Lakefront Trail 996:Fountain of the Tritons 2183:Alexander von Humboldt 1954:LGBT veterans monument 1517:Chicago Blues Festival 885:Ivan Meštrović Gallery 862:Ivan Meštrović Gallery 149: 32: 24: 2177:Heald Square Monument 1988:Man Enters the Cosmos 1753:Big Beaver Totem Pole 1691:Public art in Chicago 1522:Chicago Jazz Festival 1459:Man Enters the Cosmos 1354:Big Beaver Totem Pole 1081:Man Enters the Cosmos 816:St. Jerome the Priest 310:41.87550°N 87.62348°W 265:41.87598°N 87.62348°W 217:and the accompanying 215:George Floyd protests 140: 30: 22: 2135:Christopher Columbus 2035:Olmec Head, Number 8 1473:Olmec Head, Number 8 1389:Christopher Columbus 1300:Petrillo Music Shell 1233:BP Pedestrian Bridge 552:Wille, Lois (1991). 127:Rene Paul Chambellan 123:Holabird & Roche 2324:Graffiti in Chicago 2269:William Shakespeare 2217:The Chicago Lincoln 2141:Nicolaus Copernicus 1800:Children's Fountain 1732:America's Courtyard 1705:8th Street Fountain 1438:Large Interior Form 1371:Bust of Georg Solti 1347:America's Courtyard 1326:8th Street Fountain 1238:Buckingham Fountain 1228:Auditorium Building 868:Mausoleum of Njegoš 315:41.87550; -87.62348 305: /  270:41.87598; -87.62348 260: /  204:Syracuse University 2405:Statues in Chicago 2284:Emanuel Swedenborg 2264:Friedrich Schiller 2249:Richard J. Oglesby 2198:Tadeusz Kościuszko 2166:Alexander Hamilton 2125:John Peter Altgeld 1862:Eli Bates Fountain 1639:Millennium Station 1578:Ida B. Wells Drive 1149:The Waltz of Hands 850:Meštrović Pavilion 662:Historiografija.hr 582:Public Art Archive 519:Chicago Public Art 186:September 11, 2001 150: 70:Ida B. Wells Drive 49:Equestrian Indians 33: 25: 2342: 2341: 2292: 2291: 2224:The Head of State 2151:Benjamin Franklin 2056:A Signal of Peace 1770:Burnham Pavilions 1657: 1656: 1588:Jackson Boulevard 1295:Nichols Bridgeway 1273:Adler Planetarium 1258:Maggie Daley Park 1243:Burnham Pavilions 1173: 1172: 1055: 1019: 979:Ferguson Building 927:Benjamin Ferguson 893: 892: 714:. pp. 49, 69 461:Chicago Sun-Times 365:Kečkemet, Duško, 358:Kečkemet, Duško, 206:and later at the 106:Benjamin Ferguson 2412: 2309:Boeing Galleries 2244:William McKinley 2212:Abraham Lincoln 2156:Ulysses S. 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Retrieved 405:the original 401:"Sculptures" 395: 380: 373: 366: 359: 352: 321:The Spearman 288:The Spearman 287: 242: 230: 226: 212: 201: 192: 190: 171: 167:Buffalo Bill 161: 151: 147:The Spearman 146: 142: 115: 54: 53: 52:, or simply 48: 47: 43:The Spearman 42: 41: 36: 35: 34: 23:The Spearman 2279:Georg Solti 2161:Nathan Hale 1568:Balbo Drive 313: / 268: / 182:headdresses 2349:Categories 2239:John Logan 2118:sculptures 2087:(Rückriem) 2076:Statue of 1856:Dream Lady 1807:Cloud Gate 1760:The Bowman 1382:Cloud Gate 1361:The Bowman 1318:Public art 1207:Grant Park 1136:Statue of 954:The Bowman 929:Fund works 778:Sculptures 718:2024-03-08 693:2024-03-04 668:2024-03-04 643:2024-03-04 563:0226898725 467:2009-03-18 440:2009-03-20 411:2017-05-13 388:References 319: ( 300:87°37′25″W 297:41°52′32″N 276:The Bowman 274: ( 255:87°37′25″W 252:41°52′34″N 243:The Bowman 143:The Bowman 86:U.S. state 82:Grant Park 66:sculptures 63:equestrian 58:, are two 37:The Bowman 31:The Bowman 1981:Magdalene 1941:Kwanusila 1746:Batcolumn 1718:The Alarm 1452:Magdalene 1153:Bourgeois 1028:Bourgeois 963:Meštrović 843:Buildings 112:Structure 100:sculptor 84:, in the 2116:Portrait 2093:Untitled 2085:Untitled 2049:Siblings 1875:Flamingo 1849:Cubi VII 1828:Crossing 1725:Allow Me 1494:Untitled 1403:Cubi VII 1214:Features 1141:, 1918 ( 1128:, 1923 ( 1116:, 1975 ( 1106:, 1967 ( 1094:, 1980 ( 1084:, 1980 ( 1072:, 1926 ( 1062:, 1976 ( 1046:, 1918 ( 1038:Pattison 1036:, 1978 ( 1026:, 1996 ( 1010:, 1922 ( 998:, 1931 ( 988:, 1913 ( 971:, 1928 ( 961:, 1928 ( 947:Coolidge 941:, 1918 ( 802:Pobednik 334:See also 176:and the 98:Croatian 90:Illinois 2297:Related 2231:The Man 2106:We Will 1776:Chevron 1130:Polasek 1074:MacNeil 1064:Noguchi 1053:Longman 878:Museums 587:13 June 231:Indians 227:Indians 193:Indians 133:History 118:granite 78:Chicago 55:Indians 2095:(Wool) 1505:Events 1497:(Wool) 1143:French 1000:Milles 973:Hering 870:(1980) 864:(1952) 858:(1938) 852:(1934) 835:(1977) 827:(1960) 819:(1954) 811:(1930) 805:(1928) 797:(1928) 789:(1905) 560:  108:Fund. 94:Zagreb 60:bronze 1967:Lions 1711:Agora 1698:Works 1622:Other 1445:Lions 1340:Agora 1108:Moore 1096:Segal 1086:Moore 1048:Bacon 943:Pratt 712:(PDF) 178:spear 160:1909 1762:and 1363:and 1118:Hunt 1012:Taft 990:Taft 956:and 615:2015 589:2023 558:ISBN 526:2015 497:2015 145:and 72:and 40:and 2335:Key 96:by 88:of 80:'s 76:in 2351:: 606:. 580:. 517:. 505:^ 488:. 476:^ 458:. 433:. 429:. 290:: 245:: 210:. 188:. 129:. 2137:† 1683:e 1676:t 1669:v 1199:e 1192:t 1185:v 1168:) 1155:) 1151:( 1145:) 1132:) 1120:) 1110:) 1098:) 1088:) 1076:) 1066:) 1056:) 1050:/ 1040:) 1030:) 1020:) 1014:/ 1002:) 992:) 975:) 965:) 949:) 945:/ 919:e 912:t 905:v 763:e 756:t 749:v 721:. 696:. 671:. 646:. 617:. 591:. 566:. 528:. 499:. 470:. 443:. 414:. 323:) 278:)

Index



bronze
equestrian
sculptures
Ida B. Wells Drive
Michigan Avenue
Chicago
Grant Park
U.S. state
Illinois
Zagreb
Croatian
Ivan Meštrović
Benjamin Ferguson
granite
Holabird & Roche
Rene Paul Chambellan

urban planner
Daniel Burnham's
1909 Plan of Chicago
Buffalo Bill
bow and arrow
spear
headdresses
September 11, 2001
American Indians
Syracuse University
University of Notre Dame

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