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also attracted more middle-class audiences, some of whom had never been to a cinema before. William Jury, as the film's booking director, initially charged exhibitors £40, with the fee decreasing by £5 a week; after two months, a reduced fee of £6 for three nights put the film within the price range of village halls wishing to show the film. By
October 1916, the film had been booked by more than two thousand cinemas in Britain, earning over £30,000. British authorities showed the film to the public as a
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984:"The ground where I stood gave a mighty convulsion. It rocked and swayed. I gripped hold of my tripod to steady myself. Then for all the world like a gigantic sponge, the earth rose high in the air to the height of hundreds of feet. Higher and higher it rose, and with a horrible grinding roar the earth settles back upon itself, leaving in its place a mountain of smoke."
202:, marching infantry, artillery firing on German positions, British troops waiting to attack on 1 July, the treatment of wounded British and German soldiers, British and German dead and captured German equipment and positions. A scene during which British troops crouch in a ditch then "go over the top" was staged for the camera behind the lines.
720:, described it as "a wonderful and most realistic production" but criticised the film for failing to record the sound of rifles and machine-guns, although there was an artillery accompaniment from guns firing nearby. Feilding suggested that the film could reassure new recruits, by giving them some idea of what to expect in battle; the
322:(1 July 1916), with some re-enactments and shows the recovery of British wounded and German prisoners. The fourth part shows more scenes of British and German wounded the clearing of the battlefield and some of the aftermath. The final part shows scenes of devastation, including the ruins of the village of
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The popularity of the film was unprecedented and cinemas played the film for longer runs than usual, often to packed houses, while some arranged additional screenings to meet demand. The film is thought to have achieved attendance figures of twenty million in its first six weeks of release. The film
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in 1918. The DVD included the score by Laura Rossi, an accompanying 1916 musical medley, a commentary by Roger
Smither, a film archivist at the Imperial War Museum and interviews with Smither, Rossi, Toby Haggith (film archivist) and Stephen Horne (silent film musician) on the reconstruction of the
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was "absorbing" and had attracted huge audiences. German troops recovered a letter from a
British civilian, who had seen the film on 26 August and written to a soldier in France, describing the issue of a leaflet to each filmgoer that stated that the film was not entertainment but an official film.
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ran an advertisement for the film, describing it as "the extraordinary films of 'the big push' and "an awe-inspiring, glorious presentation of what our heroes are accomplishing today". In a review published on 16 October, it was written that "these pictures of the Battle of the Somme are a real and
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Crowded audiences ... were interested and thrilled to have the realities of war brought so vividly before them, and if women had sometimes to shut their eyes to escape for a moment from the tragedy of the toll of battle which the film presents, opinion seems to be general that it was wise that the
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In 2012, with the support of the
Imperial War Museum, there were public screenings of the restored film accompanied by a live orchestra playing the soundtrack of Rossi's music. Somme100 FILM has a target of a hundred performances of the film by amateur and professional orchestras in the centenary
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printed the comment, attributed to Lloyd George, "If the exhibition of this
Picture all over the world does not end War, God help civilisation". The film was shown to British troops in France from 5 September; Lieutenant-Colonel Rowland Feilding, an officer who saw the film in a muddy field near
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was shown but "lacked the immediacy" of the
British film, being re-enactments at training establishments behind the lines, which received a lukewarm reception. A booklet to accompany the film proclaimed that it depicted "the German will in war" and implied that the enemies of Germany were using
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for the preservation of global documentary heritage. The film was described by UNESCO as a "compelling documentary record of one of the key battles of the First World War the first feature-length documentary film record of combat produced anywhere in the world" and had "played a major part in
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and Edward Tong of Jury's
Imperial Pictures, were to shoot footage for short newsreels. By early June Tong had fallen ill and been sent home but he and Malins had made five series of newsreels, which although well-received, had failed to impress the British cinema trade. John McDowell, of the
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596:. The screening was preceded by the reading of a letter from Lloyd George, exhorting the audience to "see that this picture, which is in itself an epic of self-sacrifice and gallantry, reaches everyone. Herald the deeds of our brave men to the ends of the earth. This is your duty".
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445:. Malins returned to White City to film the bombardment of the Hawthorn Ridge Redoubt by trench mortars, during which there were three misfires which destroyed a trench-mortar position nearby. On 1 July, Malins filmed troops of the 1st Battalion
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222:, digitally restored and was released on DVD in 2008. "The Battle of the Somme" is significant as an early example of film propaganda, a historical record of the battle and as a popular source of footage illustrating the First World War.
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The film was a great success, watched by about 20 million people in
Britain in the first six weeks of exhibition and distributed in eighteen countries. A second film, covering a later phase of the battle, was released in 1917 as
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in no man's land, which had been occupied by digging a 2 ft × 5 ft (0.61 m × 1.52 m) tunnel overnight. Malins then went back to Jacob's Ladder to film the explosion of the
Hawthorn Ridge mine. At
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in front of White City. German shells were falling as Malins made his way to
Lanwick Street Trench; he had to rise above the parapet to remove sandbags and then set up his camera, which was camouflaged with sackcloth.
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summarising the contents. The first part shows preparations for the battle; there are sequences of troops marching towards the front, French peasants at work in rear areas, the stockpiling of munitions, Major-General
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rather than in short sections. The change in format was agreed with the British Topical Committee for War Films and a 5,000 ft (1,500 m) cut of the film was ready by 19 July. Much of the footage was
1002:"I'd like to see a tank come down the stalls/Lurching to rag-time tunes, or 'Home sweet home'/And there'd be no more jokes in Music-halls/To mock the riddled corpses round Bapaume." (Siegfried Sassoon,
922:. The restoration was later nominated for an Archive Restoration or Preservation Project award by the Federation of Commercial Audiovisual Libraries. In November 2008, the restored film was released on
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Smither described this sequence as a symbol of the First World War, "one of the most famous images in the Imperial War Museum's collections" and that the identity of the "trench rescuer" is unknown.
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film company, volunteered to replace Tong and left for France on 23 June 1916. On 24 June, the British and French armies began the preparatory artillery bombardment of German positions for the
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Reeves, Nicholas (1996). "55 Through the Eye of the Camera: Contemporary Cinema Audiences and Their Experience of War in the Film "Battle of the Somme"". In Cecil, Hugh; Liddle, P. H. (eds.).
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considered that after the attack sequence, "... you are not in a Melbourne picture theatre, but in the very forefront of the Somme battle" and called the film "this moving reality of battle".
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A musical medley with excerpts from classical, folk, contemporary and popular pieces, to be played in cinemas by accompanying musicians, was devised by J. Morton Hutcheson and published in
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Smither, R. B. N. (2002). ""Watch the Picture Carefully, and See If You Can Identify Anyone": Recognition in Factual Film of the First World War Period".
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417:(XV Corps). Before the battle, Malins worked at the north end of the British Somme sector, photographing troops on the march and heavy artillery west of
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Later in the day, a shell explosion damaged the camera tripod; Malins repaired it and in the evening filmed roll-calls. Next day Malins shot film at
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master in 1931. The nitrate masters were destroyed in the 1970s after the onset of irreversible nitrate decomposition. Excerpts have been taken for
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McKernan, L. (2002). "Propaganda, Patriotism and Profit: Charles Urban and British Official War Films in America during the First World War".
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Reeves, Nicholas (July 1983). "Film Propaganda and Its Audience: The Example of Britain's Official Films during the First World War".
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and the first British troops across the Somme, following-up the German withdrawal; the film failed to attract the audiences of 1916.
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and from the dressing-station at Minden Post. The success of the 7th Division enabled McDowell to film captured German trenches near
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The second part depicts more preparations, troops moving into front line trenches, the intensification of the artillery barrage by
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from the public version as the War Office wanted the film to contain images that would support the war effort and raise morale. A
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had been shot and recommended that sections of film should be released as soon as possible. Footage was first viewed as a
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Reeves, N. (1997). "Cinema, Spectatorship and Propaganda: 'Battle of the Somme' (1916) and its Contemporary Audience".
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How I Filmed the War: A Record of the Extraordinary Experiences of the Man Who Filmed the Great Somme Battles, etc
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Having viewed the film, the writer was sure that it would enlighten the audience in a way never before achieved.
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said "some of it is very good but it cut out many of the horrors in dead and wounded". The film was shown to the
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and opened in provincial cities the following week, when the film was shown simultaneously at twenty cinemas in
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valuable contribution to the nation's knowledge and a powerful spur to national effort". The film premièred in
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Smither, R. (1993). ""A Wonderful Idea of the Fighting": The Question of Fakes in 'The Battle of the Somme'".
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people at home should have this glimpse of what our soldiers are doing and daring and suffering in Picardy.
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Malins and McDowell shot the film between 26 June and from 7 to 9 July. Malins filmed in the vicinity of
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in 1987, the first title from the Imperial War Museum film archive to be released on video. In 2005,
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filmed sequences of shellfire and of troops advancing from trenches, staged for the camera at a
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Haggith, Toby (2002). "Reconstructing the Musical Arrangement for "The Battle of the Somme"".
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on 17 August 1916. On 21 August, the film began showing simultaneously in thirty-four London
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Culbert, David (October 1995). "The Imperial War Museum: World War I Film Catalogue and
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contemporary medley; film fragments and missing scenes were also included in the DVD.
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Bloody Victory: The Sacrifice on the Somme and the Making of the Twentieth Century
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Some members of the audience considered it immoral to portray scenes of violence;
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before leaving for London around 9 July. Malins returned to France and from
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Malins began filming and the mine detonation shook the ground as troops of
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Screenings of the film in 2012 with live soundtrack of Laura Rossi's score
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and were filmed by Malins. The War Office released the film in October as
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on 10 August 1916 and was released generally on 21 August. The film shows
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2322:"Memory of the World Register: The Battle of the Somme (nomination form)"
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colonial troops to undermine "German honour". Malins' final feature film
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on 2 September; the film was exhibited in more than eighteen countries.
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reported to the War Office that some 8,000 ft (2,400 m) of
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Badsey, S. (1983). "Battle of the Somme: British War-Propaganda".
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establishing the methodology of documentary and propaganda film."
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version was ready by 31 July and a rough cut was screened at the
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485:. He covered the opening day of the battle from the vicinity of
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Hawthorn Ridge crater November 1916, photograph by Ernest Brooks
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History of the United Kingdom during the First World War#Media
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which opened in January 1917. In the same month a German film
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long. The first screening took place on 10 August 1916 at the
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Fraser, Alastair; Robertshaw, Andrew; Roberts, Steve (2009).
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210:. In 1920, the film was preserved in the film archive of the
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cut into the ground, showing up white because of the chalk.
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Official British Film Propaganda during the First World War
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project, a refined version of the film was screened at the
2365:(Pen & Sword paperback ed.). London: Leo Cooper.
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Malins returned to film the speech by de Lisle to the 2nd
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were forthright, describing images of injury and death.
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Ghosts on the Somme: Filming the Battle, June–July 1916
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1649:(Phoenix ed.). London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson.
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The film and its reception attracted great interest in
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was released in June 1917, showing the destruction of
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Scene of British troops advancing, staged for the film
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1916 British film by Geoffrey Malins and John McDowell
1826:(2nd revised ed.). London: Imperial War Museum.
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War Letters to a Wife: France and Flanders, 1915–1919
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This man died 30 minutes after reaching the trenches.
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Filmography, British Topical Committee for War Films
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The Battle of the Ancre and the Advance of the Tanks
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British Tommies rescuing a comrade under shell fire.
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officials, cinema trade figures and officers of the
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The Battle of the Ancre and the Advance of the Tanks
2212:"The Battle of the Somme: The Big Push in Pictures"
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Through German Eyes: The British and the Somme 1916
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2361:Facing Armageddon: The First World War Experienced
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1956:McWilliams, D. (April 2009). Dimitriu, C. (ed.).
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866:The Great War and the Shaping of the 20th Century
161:Kitchener's Great Army in the Battle of the Somme
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2459:Historical Journal of Film, Radio and Television
2393:Historical Journal of Film, Radio and Television
2047:Historical Journal of Film, Radio and Television
1892:Historical Journal of Film, Radio and Television
4770:Documentary films about the Battle of the Somme
3543:Armistice between Russia and the Central Powers
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806:The King Visits His Armies in the Great Advance
550:headquarters. The commander Lieutenant-General
186:during the preliminaries and early days of the
462:advanced on either side to occupy the crater.
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2495:"The Film Programme: The Battle of the Somme"
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1858:Memory of the World: The Battle of the Somme
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1820:The Battle of the Somme (DVD viewing guide)
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918:performing an original orchestral score by
318:. Part three begins with the attack on the
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2173:– via National Library of Australia.
1955:
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819:The German Retreat and the Battle of Arras
81:J. Morton Hutcheson (original 1916 medley)
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2493:Tookey, C.; Walsh, D. (20 October 2006).
2179:"The Battle of the Somme (advertisement)"
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1603:- 100 Performances of Battle of the Somme
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314:and the detonation of the mine under the
258:in five parts, with sequences divided by
3832:Revolutions and interventions in Hungary
2558:Somme100 FILM - List of Performances of
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2301:"How the Battle of the Somme was Filmed"
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1711:(1st ed.). London: Little, Brown.
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1958:"The Battle of the Somme (DVD review)"
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1251:
1224:
1212:
1069:
1045:
926:, to mark the 90th anniversary of the
409:); McDowell worked further south near
190:(1 July – 18 November 1916). The film
4765:Collection of the Imperial War Museum
4162:Austro-Hungarian occupation of Serbia
3498:Third Battle of Ypres (Passchendaele)
2570:
2267:
2243:
2118:
1641:
1563:
1551:
1425:
1341:
1201:Fraser, Robertshaw & Roberts 2009
1172:Fraser, Robertshaw & Roberts 2009
1086:
580:The film comprises five reels and is
4745:British World War I propaganda films
4566:Agreement of Saint-Jean-de-Maurienne
1622:
1127:
1115:
1098:
901:
736:in October 1916. On 12 October, the
542:(BEF) General Headquarters (GHQ) at
4495:Ottomans against the Triple Entente
3289:Second Battle of the Masurian Lakes
2299:
1156:
13:
3228:First Battle of the Masurian Lakes
2344:
954:The Somme – From Defeat to Victory
14:
4801:
4755:Western Front (World War I) films
4730:Black-and-white documentary films
2511:
2244:"War's Realities on the Cinema".
588:, to an audience of journalists,
382:mine, 1 July 1916. Photograph by
3591:Second Battle of the Piave River
3213:Russian invasion of East Prussia
2224:, New Zealand. 16 October 1916.
2191:, New Zealand. 12 October 1916.
2119:Brown, Geoff (25 October 2006).
727:
631:received a private screening at
4662:Arrest of a Suspect in Sarajevo
3862:Lithuanian Wars of Independence
2596:
2000:Journal of Contemporary History
1812:– via Archive Federation.
1744:– via Archive Federation.
1702:– via Archive Federation.
1592:
1581:
996:
987:
828:
343:producers and supported by the
214:. In 2005, it was inscribed on
4485:Austria-Hungary against Serbia
4344:Deportations from East Prussia
4141:1915 typhus epidemic in Serbia
2529:The Battle of the Somme (1916)
2269:"Focal Award Nominations 2007"
2158:. Melbourne. 14 October 1916.
1726:Prior, R.; Wilson, T. (2005).
978:
914:in London, accompanied by the
787:
505:On 10 July, Brigadier-General
363:
246:The Battle of the Somme (1916)
1:
4750:British black-and-white films
4396:Ukrainian Canadian internment
1610:
1588:Press release 20 January 2012
611:, at least twelve cinemas in
429:had dug the large mine under
334:
329:
4760:Memory of the World Register
4740:British silent feature films
4551:Sazonov–Paléologue Agreement
3850:Estonian War of Independence
3518:Southern Palestine offensive
1966:Journal of Film Preservation
1013:
906:On 22 October 2006, after a
895:Memory of the World Register
814:With our Heroes on the Somme
800:and Lloyd George toured the
638:
271:and some of the preparatory
220:Memory of the World Register
7:
4790:Films scored by Laura Rossi
4505:USA against Austria-Hungary
3904:Turkish War of Independence
3856:Latvian War of Independence
3581:Treaty of Bucharest of 1918
3172:Anti-Serb riots in Sarajevo
2434:10.2979/fil.2002.14.3-4.369
2089:10.2979/FIL.2002.14.3-4.390
1687:. London: Herbert Jenkins.
938:
881:). The film was offered on
808:. Malins made a third film
680:reported on 22 August that
540:British Expeditionary Force
184:British Expeditionary Force
10:
4806:
4588:Treaties of Brest-Litovsk
4136:1899–1923 cholera pandemic
3596:Second Battle of the Marne
3483:Second battle of the Aisne
3352:Second Battle of Champagne
3193:German invasion of Belgium
2320:Smither, R. B. N. (2004).
2248:. London. 22 August 1916.
2013:10.1177/002200948301800306
1817:Smither, R. B. N. (2008).
643:
565:
556:Secretary of State for War
500:
367:
230:
4735:British documentary films
4694:
4653:
4574:
4513:
4475:
4419:
4408:
4369:Assyrian genocide (Sayfo)
4312:
4284:
4232:
4154:
4128:
4080:
3973:
3966:
3898:Irish War of Independence
3794:
3676:
3641:Armistice of Villa Giusti
3626:Battle of Vittorio Veneto
3551:
3453:
3380:
3281:
3238:First Battle of the Marne
3185:
3147:
3082:
3073:
3016:
2890:
2879:
2845:
2817:
2779:
2731:
2684:
2677:
2604:
2471:10.1080/01439689300260181
2405:10.1080/01439689500260441
2121:"The Battle of the Somme"
2060:10.1080/01439689700260601
1904:10.1080/01439688300260081
1734:. Yale University Press.
690:The Times, 22 August 1916
139:
131:
121:
98:
90:
77:
65:
53:
45:
40:advert for the film, 1916
28:
23:
4521:Constantinople Agreement
3814:Armenian–Azerbaijani War
3677:Co-belligerent conflicts
3646:Second Romanian campaign
3616:Third Transjordan attack
3327:Gorlice–Tarnów offensive
3233:Battle of Grand Couronné
1933:10.2979/FIL.2002.14.1.11
1627:. Barnsley: Leo Cooper.
971:
851:television documentaries
845:was made in 1921 and an
544:Montreuil, Pas-de-Calais
107:21 August 1916
4584:Modus vivendi of Acroma
4536:Bulgaria–Germany treaty
3844:Greater Poland Uprising
3744:National Protection War
3621:Meuse–Argonne offensive
3571:German spring offensive
3566:Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
3342:Siege of Novogeorgievsk
3317:Second Battle of Artois
3198:Battle of the Frontiers
2560:The Battle of the Somme
2551:The Battle of the Somme
2389:The Battle of the Somme
1058:Prior & Wilson 2005
887:The Battle of the Somme
781:The Battle of the Somme
252:The Battle of the Somme
225:
174:, shot by two official
156:The Battle of the Somme
24:The Battle of the Somme
4725:1916 documentary films
4609:Paris Peace Conference
4597:Ukraine–Central Powers
4391:Massacres of Albanians
4359:Late Ottoman genocides
4166:Bulgarian occupations
3874:Third Anglo-Afghan War
3838:Hungarian–Romanian War
3656:Naval Victory Bulletin
3651:Armistice with Germany
3601:Hundred Days Offensive
3528:Battle of La Malmaison
3478:Second battle of Arras
3445:Battle of Transylvania
3299:Second Battle of Ypres
3167:Sarajevo assassination
3056:South African Republic
1753:. London: Croom Helm.
1681:Malins, G. H. (1920).
928:Armistice with Germany
916:Philharmonia Orchestra
833:In 1920, the original
773:
752:Hoyt's Picture Theatre
732:The film was shown in
713:Yorkshire Evening Post
693:
666:
594:Imperial General Staff
577:
398:
395:
380:Hawthorn Ridge Redoubt
370:Hawthorn Ridge Redoubt
354:British & Colonial
320:First day on the Somme
316:Hawthorn Ridge Redoubt
312:9.45-inch heavy mortar
248:
37:Yorkshire Evening Post
4619:Treaty of St. Germain
4592:Russia–Central Powers
4546:Sykes–Picot Agreement
4374:Pontic Greek genocide
4349:Destruction of Kalisz
4325:Eastern Mediterranean
3886:Polish–Lithuanian War
3668:Armistice of Belgrade
3631:Armistice of Salonica
3561:Operation Faustschlag
3508:Third Battle of Oituz
3430:Baranovichi offensive
3398:Lake Naroch offensive
3372:Battle of Robat Karim
3347:Vistula–Bug offensive
3322:Battles of the Isonzo
3253:First Battle of Ypres
1707:Philpott, W. (2009).
1664:Feilding, R. (1929).
796:, the Prime Minister
682:
651:
573:
391:
377:
254:is a black-and-white
244:
163:), is a 1916 British
4614:Treaty of Versailles
4330:Mount Lebanon famine
4245:in the United States
4213:Russian occupations
3927:Turkish–Armenian War
3868:Polish–Ukrainian War
3808:Ukrainian–Soviet War
3755:Central Asian Revolt
3538:Armistice of Focșani
3268:Battle of Sarikamish
3218:Battle of Tannenberg
2614:Military engagements
1278:, pp. 108, 100.
912:Queen Elizabeth Hall
711:. On 28 August, the
447:Lancashire Fusiliers
413:and Mametz with the
4780:1910s British films
4681:They shall not pass
4604:Treaty of Bucharest
4561:Treaty of Bucharest
4500:USA against Germany
4477:Declarations of war
4181:German occupations
4094:British casualties
3953:Soviet–Georgian War
3880:Egyptian Revolution
3820:Armeno-Georgian War
3684:Somaliland campaign
3636:Armistice of Mudros
3513:Battle of Caporetto
3503:Battle of Mărășești
3473:Zimmermann telegram
3468:February Revolution
3413:Battle of the Somme
3337:Bug-Narew Offensive
3312:Battle of Gallipoli
3304:Sinking of the RMS
3096:Scramble for Africa
3090:Franco-Prussian War
2746:Sinai and Palestine
2553:Centenary Tour 2016
2305:Imperial War Museum
2150:"Real War Pictures"
1802:. London: Cassell.
1774:Pen and Sword Books
1749:Reeves, N. (1986).
1578:, pp. 130–133.
1491:, pp. 461–462.
1380:, pp. 109–110.
1293:, pp. 390–404.
875:The First World War
839:Imperial War Museum
477:mortar school near
358:Battle of the Somme
212:Imperial War Museum
188:Battle of the Somme
4641:Treaty of Lausanne
4556:Paris Economy Pact
4490:UK against Germany
4420:Entry into the war
4386:Urkun (Kyrgyzstan)
4105:Ottoman casualties
3915:Franco-Turkish War
3795:Post-War conflicts
3779:Russian Revolution
3761:Invasion of Darfur
3726:Kelantan rebellion
3714:Kurdish rebellions
3690:Mexican Revolution
3523:October Revolution
3488:Kerensky offensive
3463:Capture of Baghdad
3440:Monastir offensive
3425:Brusilov offensive
3263:Battle of Kolubara
3102:Russo-Japanese War
2287:on 7 December 2019
1984:on 24 January 2011
1668:. London: Medici.
1402:Evening Post 1916b
1390:Evening Post 1916a
837:was passed to the
775:Berliner Tageblatt
667:
656:from sequence 34:
578:
560:David Lloyd George
399:
396:
249:
4707:
4706:
4690:
4689:
4674:The Golden Virgin
4668:Mutilated victory
4649:
4648:
4629:Treaty of Trianon
4624:Treaty of Neuilly
4531:Damascus Protocol
4404:
4403:
4364:Armenian genocide
4321:Allied blockades
4293:Belgian refugees
4076:
4075:
3986:Strategic bombing
3962:
3961:
3947:Franco-Syrian War
3921:Greco-Turkish War
3909:Anglo-Turkish War
3892:Polish–Soviet War
3826:German Revolution
3802:Russian Civil War
3785:Finnish Civil War
3611:Battle of Megiddo
3586:Battle of Goychay
3533:Battle of Cambrai
3493:Battle of Mărăști
3408:Battle of Jutland
3388:Erzurum offensive
3243:Siege of Przemyśl
3223:Siege of Tsingtao
3208:Battle of Galicia
3138:Second Balkan War
3126:Italo-Turkish War
3083:Pre-War conflicts
3069:
3068:
2959:Portuguese Empire
2875:
2874:
2837:German New Guinea
2819:Asian and Pacific
2372:978-0-85052-506-9
1868:978-92-3-104237-9
1843:on 6 January 2009
1833:978-0-901627-94-0
1809:978-0-304-36649-1
1783:978-1-84415-836-2
1760:978-0-7099-4225-2
1741:978-0-300-10694-7
1718:978-1-4087-0108-9
1656:978-0-7538-2202-9
1634:978-0-85052-398-0
1623:Cave, N. (1994).
1428:, pp. 93–94.
1239:, pp. 11–24.
1130:, pp. 51–52.
1118:, pp. 53–54.
902:Recent screenings
889:was inscribed on
750:on 13 October at
619:, six cinemas in
265:Beauvoir De Lisle
242:
152:
151:
4797:
4785:Silent war films
4634:Treaty of Sèvres
4526:Treaty of London
4417:
4416:
4195:Northeast France
4126:
4125:
4098:Parliamentarians
4031:
4030:
3993:Chemical weapons
3971:
3970:
3732:Senussi campaign
3702:Muscat rebellion
3696:Maritz rebellion
3664:
3606:Vardar offensive
3435:Battle of Romani
3403:Battle of Asiago
3393:Battle of Verdun
3357:Kosovo offensive
3132:First Balkan War
3080:
3079:
2979:Russian Republic
2888:
2887:
2682:
2681:
2624:Economic history
2591:
2584:
2577:
2568:
2567:
2549:Somme100 FILM -
2506:
2504:
2502:
2482:
2453:
2428:(3/4): 369–389.
2416:
2376:
2364:
2339:
2337:
2335:
2326:
2316:
2314:
2312:
2296:
2294:
2292:
2283:. Archived from
2257:
2240:
2238:
2236:
2217:The Evening Post
2207:
2205:
2203:
2184:The Evening Post
2174:
2172:
2170:
2145:
2143:
2141:
2108:
2083:(3/4): 390–404.
2071:
2040:
1993:
1991:
1989:
1983:
1977:. Archived from
1962:
1952:
1915:
1879:
1877:
1875:
1861:. UNESCO. 2012.
1852:
1850:
1848:
1842:
1836:. Archived from
1825:
1813:
1801:
1787:
1764:
1745:
1733:
1722:
1703:
1701:
1699:
1677:
1660:
1638:
1605:
1599:Somme100 FILM -
1596:
1590:
1585:
1579:
1573:
1567:
1561:
1555:
1549:
1543:
1537:
1531:
1525:
1519:
1513:
1507:
1501:
1492:
1486:
1480:
1474:
1468:
1462:
1456:
1450:
1441:
1435:
1429:
1423:
1417:
1411:
1405:
1399:
1393:
1387:
1381:
1375:
1369:
1363:
1357:
1351:
1345:
1339:
1333:
1327:
1321:
1315:
1309:
1303:
1294:
1288:
1279:
1273:
1267:
1261:
1255:
1249:
1240:
1234:
1228:
1222:
1216:
1210:
1204:
1198:
1187:
1181:
1175:
1169:
1160:
1154:
1148:
1142:
1131:
1125:
1119:
1113:
1102:
1096:
1090:
1084:
1073:
1067:
1061:
1055:
1049:
1043:
1032:
1031:, pp. 4–28.
1026:
1007:
1000:
994:
991:
985:
982:
908:film restoration
835:nitrate negative
778:
758:. The Melbourne
691:
583:
537:
472:
457:
444:
424:
243:
176:cinematographers
114:
112:
33:
21:
20:
4805:
4804:
4800:
4799:
4798:
4796:
4795:
4794:
4710:
4709:
4708:
4703:
4686:
4645:
4577:
4570:
4541:Treaty of Darin
4509:
4471:
4427:Austria-Hungary
4413:
4400:
4381:Rape of Belgium
4308:
4280:
4228:
4222:Western Armenia
4217:Eastern Galicia
4150:
4124:
4088:
4087:Civilian impact
4086:
4072:
4029:
3958:
3790:
3720:Ovambo Uprising
3672:
3658:
3547:
3449:
3376:
3294:Battle of Łomża
3277:
3273:Christmas truce
3248:Race to the Sea
3181:
3143:
3065:
3036:Austria-Hungary
3012:
2947:Empire of Japan
2884:
2882:
2871:
2855:U-boat campaign
2841:
2813:
2775:
2727:
2673:
2654:Popular culture
2600:
2595:
2514:
2509:
2500:
2498:
2373:
2347:
2345:Further reading
2342:
2333:
2331:
2324:
2310:
2308:
2290:
2288:
2234:
2232:
2201:
2199:
2168:
2166:
2139:
2137:
1987:
1985:
1981:
1960:
1873:
1871:
1869:
1846:
1844:
1840:
1834:
1823:
1810:
1784:
1761:
1742:
1719:
1697:
1695:
1657:
1635:
1613:
1608:
1597:
1593:
1586:
1582:
1576:McWilliams 2009
1574:
1570:
1562:
1558:
1550:
1546:
1538:
1534:
1526:
1522:
1514:
1510:
1502:
1495:
1487:
1483:
1475:
1471:
1463:
1459:
1451:
1444:
1436:
1432:
1424:
1420:
1412:
1408:
1400:
1396:
1388:
1384:
1376:
1372:
1364:
1360:
1352:
1348:
1340:
1336:
1328:
1324:
1316:
1312:
1304:
1297:
1289:
1282:
1274:
1270:
1262:
1258:
1250:
1243:
1235:
1231:
1223:
1219:
1211:
1207:
1199:
1190:
1182:
1178:
1170:
1163:
1155:
1151:
1143:
1134:
1126:
1122:
1114:
1105:
1097:
1093:
1085:
1076:
1068:
1064:
1056:
1052:
1044:
1035:
1027:
1020:
1016:
1011:
1010:
1001:
997:
992:
988:
983:
979:
974:
941:
904:
831:
790:
730:
692:
689:
665:
646:
641:
581:
576:
568:
552:Henry Rawlinson
535:
517:on 12 July and
503:
470:
460:Royal Engineers
455:
442:
439:Royal Fusiliers
422:
397:
394:
372:
366:
349:Gaumont British
337:
332:
247:
235:
233:
228:
180:Geoffrey Malins
144:
124:
117:
110:
108:
101:
82:
72:
60:
58:Geoffrey Malins
41:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4803:
4793:
4792:
4787:
4782:
4777:
4775:1916 war films
4772:
4767:
4762:
4757:
4752:
4747:
4742:
4737:
4732:
4727:
4722:
4705:
4704:
4702:
4701:
4695:
4692:
4691:
4688:
4687:
4685:
4684:
4677:
4670:
4665:
4657:
4655:
4651:
4650:
4647:
4646:
4644:
4643:
4638:
4637:
4636:
4631:
4626:
4621:
4616:
4606:
4601:
4600:
4599:
4594:
4586:
4580:
4578:
4576:Peace treaties
4575:
4572:
4571:
4569:
4568:
4563:
4558:
4553:
4548:
4543:
4538:
4533:
4528:
4523:
4517:
4515:
4511:
4510:
4508:
4507:
4502:
4497:
4492:
4487:
4481:
4479:
4473:
4472:
4470:
4469:
4464:
4462:United Kingdom
4459:
4454:
4452:Ottoman Empire
4449:
4444:
4439:
4434:
4429:
4423:
4421:
4414:
4409:
4406:
4405:
4402:
4401:
4399:
4398:
4393:
4388:
4383:
4378:
4377:
4376:
4371:
4366:
4356:
4354:Sack of Dinant
4351:
4346:
4341:
4340:
4339:
4334:
4333:
4332:
4318:
4316:
4310:
4309:
4307:
4306:
4305:
4304:
4302:United Kingdom
4299:
4290:
4288:
4282:
4281:
4279:
4278:
4277:
4276:
4271:
4262:
4256:POW locations
4254:
4249:
4248:
4247:
4238:
4236:
4230:
4229:
4227:
4226:
4225:
4224:
4219:
4211:
4206:
4205:
4204:
4197:
4192:
4187:
4179:
4178:
4177:
4172:
4164:
4158:
4156:
4152:
4151:
4149:
4148:
4143:
4138:
4132:
4130:
4123:
4122:
4121:
4120:
4115:
4107:
4102:
4101:
4100:
4091:
4089:
4081:
4078:
4077:
4074:
4073:
4071:
4070:
4065:
4064:
4063:
4056:United Kingdom
4053:
4051:Ottoman Empire
4048:
4043:
4037:
4035:
4028:
4027:
4025:Trench warfare
4022:
4021:
4020:
4010:
4005:
4000:
3995:
3990:
3989:
3988:
3977:
3975:
3968:
3964:
3963:
3960:
3959:
3957:
3956:
3950:
3944:
3938:
3932:
3931:
3930:
3924:
3918:
3912:
3901:
3895:
3889:
3883:
3877:
3871:
3865:
3859:
3853:
3847:
3841:
3835:
3829:
3823:
3817:
3811:
3805:
3798:
3796:
3792:
3791:
3789:
3788:
3782:
3776:
3770:
3764:
3758:
3752:
3746:
3741:
3738:Volta-Bani War
3735:
3729:
3723:
3717:
3711:
3705:
3699:
3693:
3687:
3680:
3678:
3674:
3673:
3671:
3670:
3665:
3653:
3648:
3643:
3638:
3633:
3628:
3623:
3618:
3613:
3608:
3603:
3598:
3593:
3588:
3583:
3578:
3576:Zeebrugge Raid
3573:
3568:
3563:
3557:
3555:
3549:
3548:
3546:
3545:
3540:
3535:
3530:
3525:
3520:
3515:
3510:
3505:
3500:
3495:
3490:
3485:
3480:
3475:
3470:
3465:
3459:
3457:
3451:
3450:
3448:
3447:
3442:
3437:
3432:
3427:
3422:
3421:
3420:
3410:
3405:
3400:
3395:
3390:
3384:
3382:
3378:
3377:
3375:
3374:
3369:
3367:Battle of Loos
3364:
3359:
3354:
3349:
3344:
3339:
3334:
3329:
3324:
3319:
3314:
3309:
3301:
3296:
3291:
3285:
3283:
3279:
3278:
3276:
3275:
3270:
3265:
3260:
3258:Black Sea raid
3255:
3250:
3245:
3240:
3235:
3230:
3225:
3220:
3215:
3210:
3205:
3200:
3195:
3189:
3187:
3183:
3182:
3180:
3179:
3174:
3169:
3164:
3163:
3162:
3160:Historiography
3151:
3149:
3145:
3144:
3142:
3141:
3135:
3129:
3123:
3117:
3114:Bosnian Crisis
3111:
3108:Tangier Crisis
3105:
3099:
3093:
3086:
3084:
3077:
3071:
3070:
3067:
3066:
3064:
3063:
3058:
3053:
3048:
3043:
3041:Ottoman Empire
3038:
3033:
3028:
3022:
3020:
3018:Central Powers
3014:
3013:
3011:
3010:
3005:
3004:
3003:
3001:British Empire
2996:United Kingdom
2993:
2988:
2983:
2982:
2981:
2976:
2974:Russian Empire
2966:
2961:
2956:
2951:
2950:
2949:
2939:
2934:
2929:
2928:
2927:
2917:
2912:
2907:
2902:
2896:
2894:
2892:Entente Powers
2885:
2880:
2877:
2876:
2873:
2872:
2870:
2869:
2864:
2863:
2862:
2860:North Atlantic
2851:
2849:
2843:
2842:
2840:
2839:
2834:
2829:
2823:
2821:
2815:
2814:
2812:
2811:
2806:
2801:
2796:
2791:
2785:
2783:
2777:
2776:
2774:
2773:
2771:Central Arabia
2768:
2763:
2758:
2753:
2748:
2743:
2737:
2735:
2733:Middle Eastern
2729:
2728:
2726:
2725:
2720:
2719:
2718:
2708:
2703:
2702:
2701:
2690:
2688:
2679:
2675:
2674:
2672:
2671:
2666:
2661:
2656:
2651:
2646:
2641:
2636:
2634:Historiography
2631:
2626:
2621:
2616:
2611:
2605:
2602:
2601:
2594:
2593:
2586:
2579:
2571:
2565:
2564:
2555:
2546:
2541:
2536:
2525:
2520:
2513:
2512:External links
2510:
2508:
2507:
2484:
2483:
2465:(2): 149–168.
2454:
2417:
2399:(4): 575–580.
2378:
2377:
2371:
2348:
2346:
2343:
2341:
2340:
2317:
2297:
2259:
2258:
2241:
2208:
2175:
2146:
2110:
2109:
2072:
2041:
2007:(3): 463–494.
1994:
1953:
1916:
1881:
1880:
1867:
1853:
1832:
1814:
1808:
1788:
1782:
1765:
1759:
1746:
1740:
1723:
1717:
1704:
1678:
1661:
1655:
1639:
1633:
1625:Beaumont Hamel
1614:
1612:
1609:
1607:
1606:
1591:
1580:
1568:
1556:
1544:
1532:
1520:
1508:
1506:, p. 438.
1493:
1481:
1479:, p. 154.
1477:Sheffield 2003
1469:
1467:, p. 311.
1457:
1455:, p. 369.
1442:
1440:, p. 323.
1430:
1418:
1414:The Argus 1916
1406:
1394:
1382:
1370:
1368:, p. 303.
1358:
1356:, p. 110.
1346:
1334:
1332:, p. 472.
1322:
1310:
1295:
1280:
1268:
1256:
1254:, p. 108.
1241:
1229:
1217:
1215:, p. 467.
1205:
1203:, p. 173.
1188:
1186:, p. 302.
1176:
1174:, p. 172.
1161:
1149:
1132:
1120:
1103:
1091:
1074:
1072:, p. 163.
1062:
1050:
1048:, p. 104.
1033:
1017:
1015:
1012:
1009:
1008:
995:
986:
976:
975:
973:
970:
969:
968:
963:
958:
950:
940:
937:
903:
900:
847:acetate safety
843:archive master
830:
827:
789:
786:
729:
726:
697:Hensley Henson
687:
652:
645:
642:
640:
637:
633:Windsor Castle
590:Foreign Office
574:
567:
564:
507:John Charteris
502:
499:
431:Hawthorn Ridge
403:Beaumont Hamel
392:
378:
368:Main article:
365:
362:
336:
333:
331:
328:
297:2-inch mortars
295:howitzers and
267:addresses the
245:
232:
229:
227:
224:
200:trench warfare
150:
149:
141:
137:
136:
135:United Kingdom
133:
129:
128:
125:
122:
119:
118:
116:
115:
104:
102:
99:
96:
95:
92:
91:Distributed by
88:
87:
79:
75:
74:
67:
63:
62:
61:J. B. McDowell
55:
54:Cinematography
51:
50:
47:
43:
42:
34:
26:
25:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4802:
4791:
4788:
4786:
4783:
4781:
4778:
4776:
4773:
4771:
4768:
4766:
4763:
4761:
4758:
4756:
4753:
4751:
4748:
4746:
4743:
4741:
4738:
4736:
4733:
4731:
4728:
4726:
4723:
4721:
4718:
4717:
4715:
4700:
4697:
4696:
4693:
4683:
4682:
4678:
4676:
4675:
4671:
4669:
4666:
4664:
4663:
4659:
4658:
4656:
4652:
4642:
4639:
4635:
4632:
4630:
4627:
4625:
4622:
4620:
4617:
4615:
4612:
4611:
4610:
4607:
4605:
4602:
4598:
4595:
4593:
4590:
4589:
4587:
4585:
4582:
4581:
4579:
4573:
4567:
4564:
4562:
4559:
4557:
4554:
4552:
4549:
4547:
4544:
4542:
4539:
4537:
4534:
4532:
4529:
4527:
4524:
4522:
4519:
4518:
4516:
4512:
4506:
4503:
4501:
4498:
4496:
4493:
4491:
4488:
4486:
4483:
4482:
4480:
4478:
4474:
4468:
4467:United States
4465:
4463:
4460:
4458:
4455:
4453:
4450:
4448:
4445:
4443:
4440:
4438:
4435:
4433:
4430:
4428:
4425:
4424:
4422:
4418:
4415:
4412:
4407:
4397:
4394:
4392:
4389:
4387:
4384:
4382:
4379:
4375:
4372:
4370:
4367:
4365:
4362:
4361:
4360:
4357:
4355:
4352:
4350:
4347:
4345:
4342:
4338:
4335:
4331:
4328:
4327:
4326:
4323:
4322:
4320:
4319:
4317:
4315:
4311:
4303:
4300:
4298:
4295:
4294:
4292:
4291:
4289:
4287:
4283:
4275:
4272:
4270:
4266:
4263:
4261:
4258:
4257:
4255:
4253:
4250:
4246:
4243:
4242:
4240:
4239:
4237:
4235:
4231:
4223:
4220:
4218:
4215:
4214:
4212:
4210:
4207:
4203:
4202:
4198:
4196:
4193:
4191:
4188:
4186:
4183:
4182:
4180:
4176:
4173:
4171:
4168:
4167:
4165:
4163:
4160:
4159:
4157:
4153:
4147:
4144:
4142:
4139:
4137:
4134:
4133:
4131:
4127:
4119:
4116:
4114:
4111:
4110:
4108:
4106:
4103:
4099:
4096:
4095:
4093:
4092:
4090:
4084:
4079:
4069:
4068:United States
4066:
4062:
4059:
4058:
4057:
4054:
4052:
4049:
4047:
4044:
4042:
4039:
4038:
4036:
4032:
4026:
4023:
4019:
4018:Convoy system
4016:
4015:
4014:
4013:Naval warfare
4011:
4009:
4006:
4004:
4001:
3999:
3996:
3994:
3991:
3987:
3984:
3983:
3982:
3979:
3978:
3976:
3972:
3969:
3965:
3954:
3951:
3948:
3945:
3942:
3939:
3936:
3933:
3928:
3925:
3922:
3919:
3916:
3913:
3910:
3907:
3906:
3905:
3902:
3899:
3896:
3893:
3890:
3887:
3884:
3881:
3878:
3875:
3872:
3869:
3866:
3863:
3860:
3857:
3854:
3851:
3848:
3845:
3842:
3839:
3836:
3833:
3830:
3827:
3824:
3821:
3818:
3815:
3812:
3809:
3806:
3803:
3800:
3799:
3797:
3793:
3786:
3783:
3780:
3777:
3774:
3773:Kaocen revolt
3771:
3768:
3767:Easter Rising
3765:
3762:
3759:
3756:
3753:
3750:
3747:
3745:
3742:
3739:
3736:
3733:
3730:
3727:
3724:
3721:
3718:
3715:
3712:
3709:
3706:
3703:
3700:
3697:
3694:
3691:
3688:
3685:
3682:
3681:
3679:
3675:
3669:
3666:
3662:
3657:
3654:
3652:
3649:
3647:
3644:
3642:
3639:
3637:
3634:
3632:
3629:
3627:
3624:
3622:
3619:
3617:
3614:
3612:
3609:
3607:
3604:
3602:
3599:
3597:
3594:
3592:
3589:
3587:
3584:
3582:
3579:
3577:
3574:
3572:
3569:
3567:
3564:
3562:
3559:
3558:
3556:
3554:
3550:
3544:
3541:
3539:
3536:
3534:
3531:
3529:
3526:
3524:
3521:
3519:
3516:
3514:
3511:
3509:
3506:
3504:
3501:
3499:
3496:
3494:
3491:
3489:
3486:
3484:
3481:
3479:
3476:
3474:
3471:
3469:
3466:
3464:
3461:
3460:
3458:
3456:
3452:
3446:
3443:
3441:
3438:
3436:
3433:
3431:
3428:
3426:
3423:
3419:
3416:
3415:
3414:
3411:
3409:
3406:
3404:
3401:
3399:
3396:
3394:
3391:
3389:
3386:
3385:
3383:
3379:
3373:
3370:
3368:
3365:
3363:
3360:
3358:
3355:
3353:
3350:
3348:
3345:
3343:
3340:
3338:
3335:
3333:
3332:Great Retreat
3330:
3328:
3325:
3323:
3320:
3318:
3315:
3313:
3310:
3308:
3307:
3302:
3300:
3297:
3295:
3292:
3290:
3287:
3286:
3284:
3280:
3274:
3271:
3269:
3266:
3264:
3261:
3259:
3256:
3254:
3251:
3249:
3246:
3244:
3241:
3239:
3236:
3234:
3231:
3229:
3226:
3224:
3221:
3219:
3216:
3214:
3211:
3209:
3206:
3204:
3203:Battle of Cer
3201:
3199:
3196:
3194:
3191:
3190:
3188:
3184:
3178:
3175:
3173:
3170:
3168:
3165:
3161:
3158:
3157:
3156:
3153:
3152:
3150:
3146:
3139:
3136:
3133:
3130:
3127:
3124:
3121:
3120:Agadir Crisis
3118:
3115:
3112:
3109:
3106:
3103:
3100:
3097:
3094:
3091:
3088:
3087:
3085:
3081:
3078:
3076:
3072:
3062:
3059:
3057:
3054:
3052:
3049:
3047:
3044:
3042:
3039:
3037:
3034:
3032:
3029:
3027:
3024:
3023:
3021:
3019:
3015:
3009:
3008:United States
3006:
3002:
2999:
2998:
2997:
2994:
2992:
2989:
2987:
2984:
2980:
2977:
2975:
2972:
2971:
2970:
2967:
2965:
2962:
2960:
2957:
2955:
2952:
2948:
2945:
2944:
2943:
2940:
2938:
2935:
2933:
2930:
2926:
2925:French Empire
2923:
2922:
2921:
2918:
2916:
2913:
2911:
2908:
2906:
2903:
2901:
2898:
2897:
2895:
2893:
2889:
2886:
2878:
2868:
2867:Mediterranean
2865:
2861:
2858:
2857:
2856:
2853:
2852:
2850:
2848:
2847:Naval warfare
2844:
2838:
2835:
2833:
2830:
2828:
2825:
2824:
2822:
2820:
2816:
2810:
2807:
2805:
2802:
2800:
2797:
2795:
2792:
2790:
2787:
2786:
2784:
2782:
2778:
2772:
2769:
2767:
2764:
2762:
2759:
2757:
2754:
2752:
2749:
2747:
2744:
2742:
2739:
2738:
2736:
2734:
2730:
2724:
2723:Italian Front
2721:
2717:
2714:
2713:
2712:
2711:Eastern Front
2709:
2707:
2706:Western Front
2704:
2700:
2697:
2696:
2695:
2692:
2691:
2689:
2687:
2683:
2680:
2676:
2670:
2667:
2665:
2664:Puppet states
2662:
2660:
2657:
2655:
2652:
2650:
2647:
2645:
2642:
2640:
2637:
2635:
2632:
2630:
2627:
2625:
2622:
2620:
2617:
2615:
2612:
2610:
2607:
2606:
2603:
2599:
2592:
2587:
2585:
2580:
2578:
2573:
2572:
2569:
2563:
2561:
2556:
2554:
2552:
2547:
2545:
2542:
2540:
2537:
2535:
2531:
2530:
2526:
2524:
2521:
2519:
2516:
2515:
2496:
2491:
2490:
2489:
2488:
2480:
2476:
2472:
2468:
2464:
2460:
2455:
2451:
2447:
2443:
2439:
2435:
2431:
2427:
2423:
2418:
2414:
2410:
2406:
2402:
2398:
2394:
2390:
2385:
2384:
2383:
2382:
2374:
2368:
2363:
2362:
2355:
2354:
2353:
2352:
2330:
2323:
2318:
2306:
2302:
2298:
2286:
2282:
2278:
2274:
2270:
2266:
2265:
2264:
2263:
2255:
2251:
2247:
2242:
2231:
2227:
2223:
2219:
2218:
2213:
2209:
2198:
2194:
2190:
2186:
2185:
2180:
2176:
2165:
2161:
2157:
2156:
2151:
2147:
2136:
2132:
2128:
2127:
2122:
2117:
2116:
2115:
2114:
2106:
2102:
2098:
2094:
2090:
2086:
2082:
2078:
2073:
2069:
2065:
2061:
2057:
2053:
2049:
2048:
2042:
2038:
2034:
2030:
2026:
2022:
2018:
2014:
2010:
2006:
2002:
2001:
1995:
1980:
1976:
1972:
1968:
1967:
1959:
1954:
1950:
1946:
1942:
1938:
1934:
1930:
1926:
1922:
1917:
1913:
1909:
1905:
1901:
1898:(2): 99–115.
1897:
1893:
1888:
1887:
1886:
1885:
1870:
1864:
1860:
1859:
1854:
1839:
1835:
1829:
1822:
1821:
1815:
1811:
1805:
1800:
1799:
1793:
1792:Sheffield, G.
1789:
1785:
1779:
1775:
1771:
1766:
1762:
1756:
1752:
1747:
1743:
1737:
1732:
1731:
1724:
1720:
1714:
1710:
1705:
1694:
1690:
1686:
1685:
1679:
1675:
1671:
1667:
1662:
1658:
1652:
1648:
1644:
1640:
1636:
1630:
1626:
1621:
1620:
1619:
1618:
1604:
1602:
1595:
1589:
1584:
1577:
1572:
1565:
1560:
1554:, p. 17.
1553:
1548:
1541:
1536:
1529:
1524:
1517:
1512:
1505:
1500:
1498:
1490:
1489:Philpott 2009
1485:
1478:
1473:
1466:
1465:Philpott 2009
1461:
1454:
1453:Philpott 2009
1449:
1447:
1439:
1438:Philpott 2009
1434:
1427:
1422:
1416:, p. 18.
1415:
1410:
1403:
1398:
1391:
1386:
1379:
1378:Feilding 1929
1374:
1367:
1366:Philpott 2009
1362:
1355:
1350:
1343:
1338:
1331:
1326:
1320:, p. 15.
1319:
1314:
1308:, p. 14.
1307:
1302:
1300:
1292:
1287:
1285:
1277:
1272:
1266:, p. 14.
1265:
1260:
1253:
1248:
1246:
1238:
1233:
1227:, p. 99.
1226:
1221:
1214:
1209:
1202:
1197:
1195:
1193:
1185:
1184:Philpott 2009
1180:
1173:
1168:
1166:
1158:
1153:
1146:
1141:
1139:
1137:
1129:
1124:
1117:
1112:
1110:
1108:
1101:, p. 51.
1100:
1095:
1089:, p. 93.
1088:
1083:
1081:
1079:
1071:
1066:
1060:, p. 61.
1059:
1054:
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1023:
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857:
856:The Great War
852:
848:
844:
840:
836:
826:
824:
820:
815:
811:
807:
803:
802:Western Front
799:
798:H. H. Asquith
795:
785:
782:
777:
776:
770:
765:
763:
762:
757:
753:
749:
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743:
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728:International
725:
723:
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698:
686:
681:
679:
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663:
659:
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623:and three in
622:
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587:
586:Scala Theatre
572:
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541:
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519:Charles Urban
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471:12 to 19 July
468:
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310:howitzers, a
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269:29th Division
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70:Charles Urban
68:
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39:
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32:
27:
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19:
4679:
4672:
4660:
4267: /
4199:
4034:Conscription
3998:Cryptography
3935:Iraqi Revolt
3362:Siege of Kut
3305:
2883:participants
2832:German Samoa
2766:South Arabia
2559:
2550:
2528:
2499:. Retrieved
2486:
2485:
2462:
2458:
2425:
2422:Film History
2421:
2396:
2392:
2388:
2380:
2379:
2360:
2350:
2349:
2332:. Retrieved
2328:
2309:. Retrieved
2289:. Retrieved
2285:the original
2272:
2261:
2260:
2245:
2233:. Retrieved
2215:
2200:. Retrieved
2182:
2167:. Retrieved
2153:
2138:. Retrieved
2124:
2112:
2111:
2080:
2077:Film History
2076:
2051:
2045:
2004:
1998:
1986:. Retrieved
1979:the original
1964:
1927:(1): 11–24.
1924:
1921:Film History
1920:
1895:
1891:
1883:
1882:
1872:. Retrieved
1857:
1845:. Retrieved
1838:the original
1819:
1797:
1772:. Barnsley:
1769:
1750:
1729:
1708:
1696:. Retrieved
1683:
1665:
1646:
1624:
1616:
1615:
1600:
1594:
1583:
1571:
1559:
1547:
1542:, p. 5.
1540:Smither 2004
1535:
1530:, p. 7.
1528:Smither 2004
1523:
1518:, p. 1.
1516:Smither 2004
1511:
1484:
1472:
1460:
1433:
1421:
1409:
1404:, p. 3.
1397:
1392:, p. 2.
1385:
1373:
1361:
1349:
1344:, p. 3.
1337:
1325:
1313:
1291:Smither 2002
1271:
1259:
1237:Haggith 2002
1232:
1220:
1208:
1179:
1152:
1147:, p. 3.
1145:Smither 2008
1123:
1094:
1065:
1053:
1029:Smither 2008
1003:
998:
989:
980:
953:
945:
933:
905:
886:
874:
864:
855:
853:, including
832:
829:Preservation
818:
813:
809:
805:
791:
780:
766:
759:
742:Evening Post
741:
731:
709:comedy films
694:
683:
675:
668:
661:
657:
629:Royal Family
601:The Bioscope
598:
579:
527:feature film
504:
467:La Boisselle
464:
436:
415:7th Division
400:
338:
301:
251:
250:
207:
204:
160:
155:
154:
153:
123:Running time
100:Release date
73:G. H. Malins
35:
18:
4297:Netherlands
4274:Switzerland
4155:Occupations
4146:Spanish flu
3923:(1919–1922)
3917:(1918–1921)
3911:(1918–1923)
3900:(1919–1921)
3894:(1919–1921)
3888:(1919–1920)
3864:(1918–1920)
3858:(1918–1920)
3852:(1918–1920)
3834:(1918–1920)
3816:(1918–1920)
3810:(1917–1921)
3804:(1917–1921)
3751:(1916-1918)
3749:Arab Revolt
3740:(1915–1917)
3734:(1915–1917)
3722:(1914-1917)
3716:(1914–1917)
3710:(1914–1921)
3704:(1913–1920)
3692:(1910–1920)
3686:(1900–1920)
3659: [
3177:July Crisis
3098:(1880–1914)
2761:Mesopotamia
2639:Home fronts
2598:World War I
2518:BBC article
2054:(1): 5–28.
1504:UNESCO 2012
1354:Badsey 1983
1330:Reeves 1986
1318:Reeves 1986
1306:Reeves 1986
1276:Badsey 1983
1264:Reeves 1997
1252:Badsey 1983
1225:Badsey 1983
1213:Reeves 1983
1070:Malins 1920
1046:Badsey 1983
920:Laura Rossi
788:Other films
734:New Zealand
722:intertitles
718:Morlancourt
548:Fourth Army
546:and at the
451:sunken lane
364:Photography
273:bombardment
260:intertitles
256:silent film
165:documentary
159:(US title,
147:intertitles
143:Silent film
84:Laura Rossi
46:Produced by
4720:1916 films
4714:Categories
4514:Agreements
4314:War crimes
4190:Luxembourg
4083:Casualties
2954:Montenegro
2789:South West
2669:Technology
2659:Propaganda
2649:Opposition
2391:(video)".
2222:Wellington
2189:Wellington
2113:Newspapers
1988:4 November
1611:References
1564:FOCAL 2007
1552:Times 2006
1426:Duffy 2007
1342:Times 1916
1087:Duffy 2007
738:Wellington
609:Birmingham
582:77 minutes
475:Third Army
456:7:19 a.m.,
419:Gommecourt
407:VIII Corps
345:War Office
335:Background
330:Production
299:is shown.
281:60-pounder
277:18-pounder
169:propaganda
127:74 minutes
111:1916-08-21
49:W. F. Jury
4411:Diplomacy
4118:Olympians
4041:Australia
4008:Logistics
3941:Vlora War
3870:(1918–19)
3846:(1918–19)
3840:(1918–19)
3828:(1918–19)
3775:(1916–17)
3757:(1916–17)
3708:Zaian War
3698:(1914–15)
3418:first day
3306:Lusitania
3134:(1912–13)
3128:(1911–12)
3116:(1908–09)
3110:(1905–06)
3092:(1870–71)
2881:Principal
2741:Gallipoli
2644:Memorials
2629:Geography
2619:Aftermath
2501:6 October
2479:0143-9685
2442:0892-2160
2413:1465-3451
2334:6 October
2311:11 August
2291:6 October
2281:1359-8708
2254:0140-0460
2246:The Times
2235:6 October
2230:320805360
2202:6 October
2197:320805360
2169:6 October
2164:1833-9700
2155:The Argus
2140:6 October
2135:0140-0460
2126:The Times
2097:0892-2160
2068:1465-3451
2037:159758432
2021:1461-7250
1975:1609-2694
1969:(79/80).
1941:0892-2160
1912:0143-9685
1874:6 October
1847:6 October
1798:The Somme
1730:The Somme
1698:5 October
1693:246683398
1674:752947224
1645:(2007) .
1643:Duffy, C.
1128:Cave 1994
1116:Cave 1994
1099:Cave 1994
1014:Footnotes
1004:Blighters
946:The Somme
879:Channel 4
756:Melbourne
748:Australia
677:The Times
639:Reception
617:Edinburgh
536:77-minute
192:premièred
140:Languages
66:Edited by
4699:Category
4286:Refugees
4252:Italians
4241:Germans
4201:Ober Ost
3981:Aviation
3075:Timeline
3046:Bulgaria
2827:Tsingtao
2804:Togoland
2751:Caucasus
2686:European
2678:Theatres
2487:websites
2381:Journals
2275:. 2007.
2262:Websites
1884:Journals
1794:(2003).
1157:IWM 2022
961:War film
939:See also
794:George V
688:—
532:censored
515:negative
491:Fricourt
443:48 hours
423:25 steps
411:Fricourt
341:newsreel
293:9.2-inch
285:4.7-inch
172:war film
145:English
78:Music by
4437:Germany
4337:Germany
4265:Germany
4185:Belgium
4170:Albania
4129:Disease
4109:Sports
4061:Ireland
3974:Warfare
3967:Aspects
3155:Origins
3148:Prelude
3051:Senussi
3031:Germany
3026:Leaders
2964:Romania
2905:Belgium
2900:Leaders
2799:Kamerun
2781:African
2716:Romania
2694:Balkans
2609:Outline
2562:in 2016
2450:3815438
2105:3815439
1949:3815576
877:(2003,
869:(1996,
859:(1964.
823:Péronne
769:Germany
644:Britain
621:Cardiff
613:Glasgow
605:cinemas
566:Release
511:footage
501:Editing
427:Sappers
308:15-inch
304:12-inch
231:Content
132:Country
109: (
4457:Russia
4432:France
4260:Canada
4175:Serbia
4046:Canada
4003:Horses
3955:(1921)
3949:(1920)
3943:(1920)
3937:(1920)
3929:(1920)
3882:(1919)
3876:(1919)
3822:(1918)
3787:(1918)
3781:(1917)
3769:(1916)
3763:(1916)
3728:(1915)
3140:(1913)
3122:(1911)
3104:(1905)
3061:Darfur
2986:Serbia
2969:Russia
2932:Greece
2920:France
2910:Brazil
2756:Persia
2699:Serbia
2477:
2448:
2440:
2411:
2369:
2329:UNESCO
2307:. 2022
2279:
2252:
2228:
2195:
2162:
2133:
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2095:
2066:
2035:
2029:260547
2027:
2019:
1973:
1947:
1939:
1910:
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1806:
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1672:
1653:
1631:
1006:1917).
956:(2006)
948:(1927)
891:UNESCO
873:) and
705:Durham
699:, the
672:morale
627:. The
523:editor
495:Mametz
487:Carnoy
483:Albert
479:St Pol
324:Mametz
289:6-inch
287:guns,
216:UNESCO
196:London
86:(2006)
4654:Other
4447:Japan
4442:Italy
4269:camps
4113:Rugby
3663:]
2942:Japan
2937:Italy
2915:China
2809:North
2497:. BBC
2446:JSTOR
2351:Books
2325:(PDF)
2101:JSTOR
2033:S2CID
2025:JSTOR
1982:(PDF)
1961:(PDF)
1945:JSTOR
1841:(PDF)
1824:(PDF)
1617:Books
972:Notes
761:Argus
654:Frame
625:Leeds
4234:POWs
3553:1918
3455:1917
3381:1916
3282:1915
3186:1914
2991:Siam
2794:East
2534:IMDb
2503:2013
2475:ISSN
2438:ISSN
2409:ISSN
2367:ISBN
2336:2013
2313:2022
2293:2013
2277:ISSN
2250:ISSN
2237:2013
2226:OCLC
2204:2013
2193:OCLC
2171:2013
2160:ISSN
2142:2013
2131:ISSN
2093:ISSN
2064:ISSN
2017:ISSN
1990:2010
1971:ISSN
1937:ISSN
1908:ISSN
1876:2013
1863:ISBN
1849:2013
1828:ISBN
1804:ISBN
1778:ISBN
1755:ISBN
1736:ISBN
1713:ISBN
1700:2013
1689:OCLC
1670:OCLC
1651:ISBN
1629:ISBN
701:Dean
615:and
493:and
306:and
283:and
226:Film
167:and
2532:at
2467:doi
2430:doi
2401:doi
2085:doi
2056:doi
2009:doi
1929:doi
1900:doi
924:DVD
893:'s
883:VHS
871:PBS
863:),
861:BBC
754:in
703:of
275:by
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2031:.
2023:.
2015:.
2005:18
2003:.
1963:.
1943:.
1935:.
1925:14
1923:.
1906:.
1894:.
1776:.
1496:^
1445:^
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