3019:
1628:
2945:
2921:
1860:
8828:
2985:
2969:
63:
3346:
2041:
7014:
10510:
3357:
1490:
3115:
1591:
2750:('God-bearer', or 'Mother of God') has traditionally been held as evidence that he asserted the existence of two persons (dyoprosopism) — not merely two natures — in Jesus Christ, but there exists no evidence that Nestorius denied Christ's oneness. In the controversy that followed the Council of Ephesus, the term "Nestorian" was applied to all doctrine upholding a strictly Antiochene Christology. In consequence, the Church of the East was labelled Nestorian, though its official Christology was in fact defined by
1142:
1544:(1780–1820) of the Shimun line to become the sole primate of both Assyrian traditionalist branches. Consolidated after 1804, the reunited traditionalist Church led by patriarchs of the Shimun line became widely known as the "Assyrian Church of the East". Still based in Qodchanis, Assyrian Patriarch Shimun XVI Yohannan was not able to secure control over the traditional seat of the former Eliya line in the ancient Rabban Hormizd Monastery; and around 1808 that venerated monastic institution passed to the
10499:
1953:
52:
3331:
269:
2659:. The use and exact meaning of that term has been the subject of many debates, not only throughout history but also in modern times, since the Assyrian Church of the East has distinctive views on several Christological questions and claims that its theological doctrines and traditions are essentially Orthodox, while admitting the need for further inter-Christian dialogue that would resolve various questions in the field of comparative Christological terminology.
1235:
10403:
10521:
901:
6790:
11423:
10392:
8625:
7940:
3704:
6824:
6807:
11411:
5172:
The
Assyrians, although closely assiociated with their Christian religion, are divided among a number of Christian sects. The largest denominations are the Chaldean Catholic Church with about 45% of the Assyrian population, the Syriac Orthodox with 26%, the Assyrian Church of the East with 19%, the
1906:
of 1980–1988, when he went into exile in the United States and transferred the
Patriarchal See to Chicago. Much of his patriarchate had been concerned with tending to the Assyrian diaspora community and with ecumenical efforts to strengthen relations with other churches. On 26 March 2015, Dinkha IV
1840:
In 1972, Shimun decided to step down as patriarch, and the following year he got married, in contravention to longstanding church custom. This led to a synod in 1973 in which further reforms were introduced, the most significant of which included the permanent abolition of hereditary succession — a
1707:
and the collapse of the
Armenian defense, leaving the Assyrians vastly outnumbered, surrounded, and cut off from supplies of ammunition and food. During this period, their See at Qodchanis was completely destroyed and the Turks and their Islamic allies massacred all of the Assyrians in the Hakkari
1207:
The historical distinctiveness of the
Assyrian Church of the East resulted from the series of complex processes and events that occurred within the Church of the East during the transitional period that started in the middle of the 16th century, and lasted until the beginning of the 19th century.
1390:(XII) (1722–1778) tried to improve the increasingly worsening position of their Christian flock by staying loyal to Ottoman authorities, but the local administration was frequently unable to provide effective protection. The Eliya line of traditionalist Patriarchs ended in 1804 with the death of
5022:
The
Assyrian Church of the East uses neither images nor icons. A stand, holding a copy of the Gospels and covered with a cloth, bears a simple cross that is venerated with the kiss of peace that people in other Eastern churches accord to their icons. The simplicity of their church interiors may
1598:
By the end of the 19th century, the
Assyrian Church of the East consolidated itself as the sole representative of all traditionalist Assyrians. It also managed to secure a certain level of autonomy within the highly complex system of Ottoman local governance in the bordering regions. On several
1452:(1662–1700), who definitively broke communion with the Catholic Church. In 1670, he gave a traditionalist reply to an approach that was made from the Pope, and by 1672 all connections with the Catholic Church were terminated. At the same time, Patriarch Shimun XIII moved his seat from
1698:
Despite the odds, the
Assyrians fought successfully against the Ottomans and their allies for three years throughout southeastern Turkey, northern Iraq, northwestern Iran and northeastern Syria. Eventually, however, they were abandoned by their allies, the Russian Empire and the
1441:(1638–1656) restored communion with the Catholic Church as late as 1653, eventually receiving confirmation from the Pope. By that time, the movement towards full commitment to the traditional faith was constantly growing stronger within the Shimun line. When the next Patriarch
2920:
1460:. After the final return to the traditional faith, Patriarchs of the Shimun line decided to keep their independence and after that time there were two independent lines of traditional patriarchs: the senior Eliya line in Alqosh and the junior Shimun line in Qochanis.
1292:
were given incorrect information that the elderly
Patriarch Shemon VII had actually died. After some deliberation, the Pope decided to appoint Yohannan Sulaqa as "Patriarch of Babylon" and named the breakaway Church as 'The Church of Assyria and Mosul" in April 1553.
1528:, was Yohannan recognized as the Chaldean Catholic Patriarch by the Pope, in 1830. By this official appointment, the final merger of various factions committed to the union with the Catholic Church was achieved, thus forming the modern Chaldean Catholic Church.
1845:(who had died in 1497) — and it was also decided that Shimun should be reinstated. The second matter was supposed to be settled at another synod in 1975; however, Shimun was assassinated in November 1975 by an estranged relative before this could take place.
4781:
The number of the faithful at the beginning of the twenty - first century belonging to the
Assyrian Church of the East under Mar Dinkha was estimated to be around 385,000 , and the number belonging to the Ancient Church of the East under Mar Addia to be
2003:
On 6 September 2021, Mar
Gewargis III formally stepped down as Catholicos-Patriarch during an Extraordinary Session of the Holy Synod of the Assyrian Church of the East, leaving the Patriarchal See vacant. On 8 September 2021, the Holy Synod elected
2944:
3733:
3641:
3018:
1967:
1075:
1531:
At the same time, the long coexistence and rivalry between two traditionalist patriarchal branches — the senior Eliya line of Alqosh and the junior Shimun line of Qochanis — ended in 1804 when the last primate of the Eliya line, Patriarch
1208:
That turbulent period was marked by several consequent splits and mergers, resulting in the creation of separate branches and rival patriarchal lines. During the entire period, one of the main questions of dispute was the union with the
1349:
The Eliya line of traditionalist Patriarchs continued throughout the entire 18th century, residing in the ancient Monastery of Rabban Hormizd, which was eventually attacked and looted by muslim Turks in 1743, at the beginning of the
1268:
missionaries had already gained some influence over several local communities, and they took an active role in organizing the opposition to the Patriarch at that time. By the end of 1552, a pro-Catholic party had been organized in
2012:. He was Consecrated and Enthroned as Catholicos-Patriarch on 13 September 2021, on the Feast of the Holy Cross, in the Cathedral Church of St. John the Baptist in Erbil, Iraq, and assumed the ecclesiastical name Mar Awa III.
4990:
Inside their homes, a cross is placed on the eastern wall of the first room. If one sees a cross in a house and do not find a crucifix or pictures, it is almost certain that the particular family belongs to the Church of the
1326:(1558–1591), who was designated as Eliya "VII" in older historiography, but renumbered as Eliya "VI" in recent scholarly works. The same renumbering was applied to his successors, who all took the same name thus creating the
1437:(1600–1638) ties with the Catholic Church were loosened again. In 1616, Shimun X signed a traditional profession of faith that was not accepted by the Pope, leaving the Patriarch without Rome's confirmation. His successor
1723:
and 150 of his followers during a negotiation, fearing further massacres at the hands of the Turks and Kurds, most of the survivors fled by train from Iran into what was to become Iraq. They sought protection under the
1599:
occasions, Assyrian patriarchs refused to enter communion with the Catholic Church or merge with the Chaldean Catholic Church. On the other hand, by the end of the 19th century some of its communities were converted to
1627:
1338:(VIII) (1591–1617), who negotiated on several occasions with the Catholic Church, in 1605 and 1610, and again in 1615–1616, but without any conclusion. Further negotiations were abandoned by the next Patriarch
1082:, and a 2001 theological dialogue between the churches, they drew up guidelines for faithful to have mutual admission to the Eucharist between the Chaldean Catholic Church and the Assyrian Church of the East.
4061:
1785:
Due to the church's and the general Assyrian community's disorganized state as a result of the conflicts of the 20th century, Patriarch Shimun XXI Eshai was forced to reorganize the church's structure in the
2984:
2909:
from the late 6th century. Beneath this church were found the remains of an earlier church. Although it cannot be determined which Nestorian Church was involved, the discovery nevertheless proves that the
4732:
2968:
6861:
2905:—containing a number of illustrations which are more or less crude. These manuscripts prove the continuous use of images. Moreover, a life-size male stucco figure was discovered in a church of
1264:, an internal dissent occurred over several issues, including the question of hereditary succession to the patriarchal throne, and the question of union with the Catholic Church. By that time,
787:
1445:
decided to send his profession of faith to the Pope, he was deposed by his bishops because of his pro-Catholic attitude. The Pope tried to intervene on his behalf, but without success.
1821:. These changes, combined with Shimun's long absence from Iraq, caused a rift in the community there, which led to another schism. In 1968, traditionalists within the church elected
5537:
4661:
1402:
During the second half of the 16th century, traditionalist patriarchs of the Eliya line were faced with the continuous presence of the pro-Catholic movement, led by successors of
1288:
Receiving support from the Franciscan missionaries, he arrived in Rome and entered into full communion with the Catholic Church in February 1553. At that point, officials of the
3060:
is the head of the church. Its synod is composed of bishops who oversee individual dioceses and metropolitans who oversee episcopal dioceses in their territorial jurisdiction.
2685:. "Antiochene" is a modern designation given to the style of theology associated with the early church at Antioch, as contrasted with the theology of the Church of Alexandria.
1567:
and looted many Christian villages, killing 10,000 Christian men and taking away women and children as captives. The patriarch himself was forced to take temporary refuge in
6948:
1559:. During years marked by political turbulence, he tried to maintain good relations with the local Ottoman authorities. In 1843, he was faced with renewed hostilities from
8827:
6854:
2691:
theology emphasizes Christ's humanity and the reality of the moral choices he faced. In order to preserve the impassibility of Christ's Divine Nature, the unity of his
9603:
5249:
4065:
2195:
1728:
there, and joined the already existing indigenous Assyrian communities of both Eastern Orthodox and Catholic rites in the north, where they formed communities in
5023:
reflect a concession to the Islamic objection to religious pictures in places of worship, or it may merely attest to the poverty of an isolated Christian people.
3247:
Due to the unstable political, religious and economic situation in the church's historical homeland of the Middle East, many of the church members now reside in
4740:
9009:
6847:
2583:
1933:
On 18 September 2015, the Holy Synod of the Assyrian Church of the East elected the Metropolitan of Iraq, Jordan, and Russia, Warda Sliwa, to succeed the late
3083:, but the two communities maintained only a sporadic connection for several centuries, and consistent relations were only established with the arrival of the
2746:, in which Christ's two natures are eternally separate, though it is doubtful whether Nestorius ever taught such a doctrine. Nestorius' rejection of the term
11331:
8662:
9638:
7975:
7708:
7667:
7662:
7606:
7469:
7464:
7459:
7434:
7409:
7339:
7179:
7035:
4969:
4687:
1754:, born into the line of patriarchs at Qodchanis, had agitated for an independent Assyrian state. Following the end of the British mandate in 1933 and a
1300:
and by the end of the year he returned to his homeland. He started to organize the pro-Catholic party by appointing several metropolitans and bishops.
11463:
7770:
7698:
7688:
7657:
7611:
7525:
7439:
7414:
7404:
7249:
7040:
6998:
5567:(1999). "The Christology of the Church of the East in the Synods of the Fifth to Early Seventh Centuries: Preliminary Considerations and Materials".
3743:
2662:
The Nestorian nature of Assyrian Christianity remains a matter of contention. Elements of Nestorian doctrine were explicitly repudiated by Patriarch
1639:
and a serious decline in membership since their height around the fourth century, the Assyrian Church of the East has survived into the 21st century.
10439:
6941:
4102:
3976:
Parry, Ken; Melling, David J.; Brady, Dimitri; Griffith, Sidney H.; Healey, John F., eds. (1 September 2017) . "Middle East Council of Churches".
3094:
Membership is estimated to 385,000 adherents, although some sources say as high as 500,000. According to scholar James Minahan around 19% of the
2185:
777:
17:
6796:
6514:"Nestorius of Constantinople: Condemnation, Suppression, Veneration: With special reference to the role of his name in East-Syriac Christianity"
1587:
as an observer, but he did not accept the invitation, In following years, he also rejected other initiatives for union with the Catholic Church.
1370:), all Christian communities in the bordering regions were constantly exposed to danger – and not only in the times of war, since local, mainly
11458:
8598:
7921:
7916:
7911:
7703:
7616:
7561:
7530:
7504:
7384:
7354:
7329:
7294:
7264:
7244:
7234:
7169:
7030:
2539:
1859:
931:
6513:
6478:
10106:
9229:
7906:
7891:
7886:
7871:
7866:
7856:
7841:
7811:
7806:
7801:
7791:
7786:
7775:
7713:
7632:
7621:
7601:
7586:
7581:
7571:
7540:
7444:
7394:
7374:
7284:
7274:
7269:
7259:
7224:
7204:
7189:
7050:
7045:
7003:
3748:
3013:
2040:
3130:
The patriarchal seat was moved several times throughout history. Up to the 1804, patriarchs of the senior Eliya line resided in the ancient
7556:
7489:
7364:
7319:
7174:
7103:
8921:
7108:
6934:
4665:
5185:
10062:
7754:
7743:
7733:
7728:
7723:
7693:
7672:
7652:
7647:
7642:
7596:
7591:
7576:
7566:
7545:
7535:
7520:
7515:
7499:
7494:
7484:
7474:
7449:
7429:
7424:
7419:
7399:
7389:
7379:
7369:
7359:
7344:
7334:
7324:
7314:
7309:
7304:
7299:
7289:
7279:
7254:
7239:
7229:
7219:
7209:
7199:
7184:
7159:
7143:
7138:
7128:
7123:
7118:
7113:
7098:
7093:
7088:
7083:
7078:
7073:
7055:
6993:
6581:"Missio duorum fratrum Melitensium O. P. in Orientem saec. XVI et relatio, nunc primum edita, eorum quae in istis regionibus gesserunt"
3738:
3681:
3244:
was consecrated as Catholicos-Patriarch. The Diocese of Eastern United States served as the patriarch's province from 1994 until 2012.
2906:
2576:
1916:
3688:
stating that this is a valid anaphora. This declaration opened the door to a joint synodal decree officially implementing the present
11223:
10478:
9613:
8655:
8574:
7349:
7133:
6813:
3938:
Parry, Ken; Melling, David J.; Brady, Dimitri; Griffith, Sidney H.; Healey, John F., eds. (1 September 2017) . "Church of the East".
2695:
is defined in a looser fashion than in the Alexandrian tradition. The normative Christology of the Church of the East was written by
1779:
3668:, which dates to apostolic times, has caused many Western Christians, and especially Roman Catholics, to doubt the validity of this
9565:
9517:
7968:
6047:
The Lost History of Christianity: The Thousand-Year Golden Age of the Church in the Middle East, Africa, and Asia - and How It Died
4826:
the Assyrian Church of the East (found mainly in northern Iraq, southern Turkey, Iran, southwest India, and now the United States).
1770:
regarding his people's fate, but to little avail, and he was consequently barred from entering Syria and Iraq. He traveled through
5102:" (in Spanish). Vol. 31. Translated by López Carmona, Mari Pepa. Madrid: Aguilar, S. A. de Ediciones. pp. 43 & 187.
10656:
8569:
8509:
7876:
1616:
1351:
1309:
10971:
10965:
9495:
9485:
9249:
9120:
8991:
8296:
7851:
2228:
1517:
1433:, thus creating the Shimun line. Hereditary succession was not acceptable to Rome, and during the tenure of the next Patriarch
887:
834:
1406:. After his death in 1555, the newly established line of patriarchs who were united with the Catholic Church was continued by
10074:
9019:
9014:
5107:
5078:
5015:
3995:
3957:
2569:
1715:, but they were pursued into Iranian territory despite the fact they were fleeing. Later, in 1918, after the murder of their
11453:
11448:
10432:
10199:
9145:
9115:
8648:
8170:
2720:
2205:
809:
1671:. In response to this, Assyrians of all denominations (the Assyrian Church of the East, the Chaldean Catholic Church, the
11306:
10237:
7961:
6778:
6258:
From a Spoken to a Written Language: The Introduction and Development of Literary Urmia Aramaic in the Nineteenth Century
772:
120:
2999:
2871:
2821:
and the interior of its houses of worship are simple. Iconography has been present in the Church of the East's history;
10983:
8981:
6957:
6075:
6068:
The Modern Assyrians of the Middle East: Encounters with Western Christian missions, archaeologists, and colonial power
3436:
Diocese of California – jurisdiction includes parishes in Western US and northern California. Some of the parishes are
2073:
1941:. On 27 September 2015, he was consecrated as Catholicos-Patriarch in the Cathedral Church of St. John the Baptist, in
1895:, and elected Dinkha as the 120th Catholicos-Patriarch of the Church of the East. On 17 October he was consecrated as
1564:
924:
10123:
9222:
8245:
6720:
6699:
6676:
6655:
6542:
6467:
6415:
6392:
6371:
6335:
6312:
6289:
6266:
6204:
6166:
6145:
6096:
6056:
6030:
6009:
5955:
5934:
5913:
5887:
5829:
5808:
5784:
5763:
5736:
5688:
5667:
5636:
5602:
5578:
5523:
5502:
5478:
5457:
5425:
5404:
5376:
5285:
5209:
5165:
4819:
4774:
3417:
Diocese of Eastern USA – formerly the patriarchal archdiocese from 1994 until 2012. The territory includes the large
3099:
2077:
1418:
in 1562. Soon after his death, connections with Rome were weakened for the first time during the tenure of Patriarch
10509:
2223:
1426:(1580–1600) who restored full communion with the Catholic Church, and was officially confirmed by the Pope in 1584.
11365:
10367:
9155:
8499:
8239:
8233:
7164:
6301:"Classical Syriac, Neo-Aramaic, and Arabic in the Church of the East and the Chaldean Church between 1500 and 1800"
5840:
5173:
free Orthodox Church of Antioch or Syriac Catholic Church with 4%, and various Protestant sects with a combined 6%.
3361:
2093:
1813:
In 1964, the patriarch decreed a number of changes to the church, including liturgical reform, the adoption of the
1429:
After his death, the patriarchal office was made hereditary, and Patriarchs of this line continued to use the name
844:
5841:"Die Konsistorialakten über die Begründung des uniert-chaldäischen Patriarchates von Mosul unter Papst Julius III"
10651:
10425:
9634:
9532:
9500:
8844:
8813:
8494:
8281:
8140:
7926:
3652:
2609:
2526:
2416:
2152:
579:
3134:, while patriarchs of the junior Shimun line resided in the Cathedral Church of Mar Shallita, in the village of
11046:
11031:
11013:
10989:
10894:
10719:
10326:
9575:
9490:
8926:
8564:
8214:
5134:
4977:
3753:
3178:
2688:
2670:
2009:
1938:
1668:
1481:
was ultimately subject to the patriarch, who mediated between Christian Assyrians and the Ottoman authorities.
782:
727:
62:
9293:
6748:
6427:"A Struggle for Genocide Recognition: How the Aramean, Assyrian, and Chaldean Diasporas Link Past and Present"
5680:
The Church of the East and the Church of England: A History of the Archbishop of Canterbury's Assyrian Mission
5008:
A Guide to Christian Churches in the Middle East: Present-day Christianity in the Middle East and North Africa
4691:
3387:
Diocese of Nohadra and Nineveh – established in 1999 with jurisdiction includes the indigenous communities of
10900:
10861:
10775:
10646:
10133:
9455:
8933:
8479:
8074:
7896:
7836:
7194:
6426:
2531:
2190:
2024:
1062:. The faction of the Assyrian Church of the East in Northern Iraq that came to be in full communion with the
917:
488:
442:
410:
11385:
11360:
11296:
11060:
10138:
9215:
9001:
8976:
8208:
7718:
7677:
7637:
5250:"Guidelines for admission to the Eucharist between the Chaldean Church and the Assyrian Church of the East"
5099:
4062:"Guidelines for admission to the Eucharist between the Chaldean Church and the Assyrian Church of the East"
3905:
3758:
3644:". One side effect of this meeting was that the Assyrian Church of the East's relationship with the fellow
2255:
6218:
11370:
11316:
11179:
10877:
10571:
10565:
10488:
10209:
9990:
9852:
8959:
8916:
8876:
8852:
8581:
8398:
8155:
8149:
7846:
7479:
5613:
3728:
3690:
Guidelines for Admission to the Eucharist between the Chaldean Church and the Assyrian Church of the East
3139:
2621:
2471:
2200:
2169:
2164:
2159:
1648:
1403:
1274:
1238:
717:
420:
5449:
Revival and Awakening: American Evangelical Missionaries in Iran and the Origins of Assyrian Nationalism
1977:
In 2005, the Assyrian Church of the East had about 380,000 members, mostly living in the United States,
1334:
preserved its traditional christology and full ecclesiastical independence. His successor was Patriarch
11380:
10602:
10319:
10281:
9768:
8857:
8764:
8749:
8225:
8125:
8032:
7861:
7816:
4974:
Holy Apostolic Catholic Assyrian Church of the East - Archdiocese of Australia, New Zealand and Lebanon
2114:
1826:
1055:
216:
39:
11025:
2811:
10362:
10352:
10314:
10069:
9879:
9847:
9801:
9778:
8754:
8200:
8088:
8007:
7881:
6617:
6214:
3814:
3782:
3665:
3263:. The largest expatriate concentration of church members is in the United States, mainly situated in
2822:
2767:
2366:
2236:
2100:
2081:
1700:
1001:
985:
814:
767:
757:
612:
452:
415:
5036:
1382:
Christian communities and monasteries and taking their land, often with Ottoman support. Patriarchs
11301:
10839:
10590:
10342:
10247:
10242:
10057:
10022:
9948:
9904:
9899:
9696:
9522:
9367:
9264:
9259:
8438:
8302:
8096:
7901:
7796:
6971:
5386:
5308:
4733:"Common Christological declaration between the Catholic Church and the Assyrian Church of the East"
3645:
3131:
3030:
2834:
2311:
2174:
1888:
1537:
1525:
1521:
1355:
1257:
1213:
1067:
882:
829:
210:
10498:
268:
11390:
10924:
10912:
10785:
10684:
10027:
9761:
9666:
9555:
9505:
9362:
9279:
9254:
9135:
8945:
8744:
8383:
8290:
6360:"Light from the East(1948-1954) and the De-Territorialization of the Assyrian Church of the East"
5336:
5322:
4846:
3763:
3734:
Common Christological Declaration Between the Catholic Church and the Assyrian Church of the East
3642:
Common Christological Declaration Between the Catholic Church and the Assyrian Church of the East
3345:
2639:, the Assyrian Church of the East does not accept doctrinal definitions that were adopted at the
2605:
2210:
2008:, Bishop of California and Secretary of the Holy Synod, to succeed Mar Gewargis III as the 122nd
1968:
Common Christological Declaration Between the Catholic Church and the Assyrian Church of the East
1725:
1468:
1193:
1059:
892:
849:
624:
473:
6839:
5647:
1643:
Among all the tragedies and schisms which thinned the church out, no other was as severe as the
11145:
10757:
10559:
10553:
10461:
with various additional/alternate self-identifications, such as Syriacs, Arameans, or Chaldeans
10347:
9938:
9796:
9738:
9629:
9608:
9373:
9054:
8785:
8725:
8423:
8408:
8266:
8040:
8021:
5328:
De catholicis seu patriarchis Chaldaeorum et Nestorianorum commentarius historico-chronologicus
4793:
3722:
3656:
3310:
3284:
3064:
3022:
2951:
2897:
2895:
manuscripts from the early 19th century and earlier—they were edited into a compilation titled
2791:
2678:
2139:
2089:
2065:
1672:
762:
574:
457:
196:
31:
10661:
8504:
5277:
Assyrians, Kurds, and Ottomans: Intercommunal Relations on the Periphery of the Ottoman Empire
3858:"Interview with Mar Awa Royel, the newly elected patriarch of the Assyrian Church of the East"
10769:
10745:
10406:
10005:
9731:
9540:
9443:
9398:
9327:
6630:
6613:
6598:"Mar Iohannan Soulaqa, premier Patriarche des Chaldéens, martyr de l'union avec Rome (†1555)"
5966:
5699:
2955:
2436:
1971:
1970:
in 1994, the two churches recognized the legitimacy and rightness of each other's titles for
1584:
1513:
712:
518:
503:
427:
316:
281:
252:
6493:
5800:
Pour un Oriens Christianus Novus: Répertoire des diocèses syriaques orientaux et occidentaux
3098:
belong to the Assyrian Church of the East. In its own 2018 Report on Religious Freedom, the
1675:
and Assyrian Protestants) entered into a war of independence and allied themselves with the
1575:(1861–1903) who also resided in Qodshanis. In 1869, he received an open invitation from the
1318:, who continued to reside in the Rabban Hormizd Monastery near the ancient Assyrian town of
11352:
11338:
11286:
11261:
11251:
11241:
11236:
11231:
10995:
10689:
10227:
10177:
10162:
10039:
9748:
9648:
9598:
9593:
9550:
9510:
9438:
8996:
8938:
8894:
8790:
8671:
8554:
8388:
8363:
7013:
6384:
Scribes and Scriptures: The Church of the East in the Eastern Ottoman Provinces (1500-1850)
3441:
3201:
in 1958 due to health issues. After the assassination of the patriarch and the election of
3103:
2991:
2935:
2865:
2849:
2644:
2544:
2391:
2032:
1086:
965:
538:
311:
10520:
3672:, used extensively by the Assyrian Church of the East, as a prayer of consecration of the
1524:, in 1783. Only after the death in 1827 of the last representative of the Josephite line,
8:
11427:
11311:
11281:
11276:
11271:
11256:
11174:
10936:
10845:
10763:
10751:
10699:
10694:
10534:
10514:
10473:
10396:
10372:
10357:
10276:
10266:
10252:
10232:
10222:
10192:
10172:
10101:
9832:
9661:
9588:
9418:
9347:
9274:
8684:
8629:
8603:
8458:
8443:
8403:
7984:
7944:
6282:
Loquentes linguis: Linguistic and Oriental Studies in Honour of Fabrizio A. Pennacchietti
5488:
5362:
5348:
4718:
3709:
3449:
3445:
3194:
2734:
are shrouded in obscurity. Wary of Monophysitism, Nestorius rejected Cyril's theory of a
2601:
2557:
2511:
2451:
2085:
1720:
1552:
1541:
1540:. His branch decided not to elect a new patriarch, thus enabling the remaining patriarch
1315:
1253:
1090:
981:
905:
900:
864:
619:
591:
533:
478:
400:
6552:
6022:
Ostsyrische Christen und Kurden im Osmanischen Reich des 19. und frühen 20. Jahrhunderts
1502:
A Residence of Eight Years in Persia Among the Nestorians, with Notes of the Mohammedans
11326:
11246:
11167:
11140:
10857:
10483:
10271:
10217:
10128:
10118:
9909:
9824:
9773:
9383:
9090:
8911:
8881:
8795:
8688:
8514:
8418:
8348:
8062:
7454:
6961:
6634:
6243:
6194:
6180:
5998:
Hunter, Erica C. D. (2014). "The Holy Apostolic Catholic Assyrian Church of the East".
5986:
5897:
5588:
5564:
5533:
5390:
3669:
3296:
3217:
3076:
2911:
2779:
2700:
2674:
2648:
2640:
2597:
2105:
2060:
1814:
1704:
1572:
1545:
1449:
1448:
Final resolution of conflicts within the Shimun line occurred under the next Patriarch
1442:
1422:
who did not seek confirmation from the Pope. That interlude was ended by his successor
1225:
1216:, while the traditional branches were consolidated as the Assyrian Church of the East.
1185:
1157:
1051:
977:
644:
637:
528:
523:
508:
393:
321:
35:
3356:
3150:. After the beginning of conflict in 1915, the patriarchs temporarily resided between
3044:, the same as other apostolic churches. The church maintains a system of geographical
11321:
11291:
11118:
11069:
11055:
10906:
10709:
10308:
10187:
10093:
10017:
9916:
9889:
9808:
9756:
9706:
9465:
9433:
9428:
9423:
9413:
9403:
9352:
9176:
8986:
8559:
8323:
7998:
6926:
6915:
6716:
6695:
6672:
6651:
6538:
6463:
6411:
6388:
6367:
6331:
6308:
6285:
6262:
6247:
6219:"The Patriarchs of the Church of the East from the Fifteenth to Eighteenth Centuries"
6200:
6162:
6141:
6092:
6071:
6052:
6045:
6026:
6005:
5990:
5951:
5930:
5909:
5883:
5825:
5804:
5794:
5780:
5759:
5732:
5684:
5663:
5632:
5598:
5574:
5519:
5498:
5474:
5453:
5421:
5400:
5372:
5281:
5161:
5113:
5103:
5074:
5011:
4815:
4770:
3991:
3953:
3685:
3677:
3633:
3540:
3487:
3453:
3350:
3213:
3114:
2853:
2771:
2446:
2069:
2055:
1903:
1884:
1767:
1656:
1604:
1438:
1169:
1085:
The Assyrian Church of the East has a traditional episcopal structure, headed by the
1009:
869:
839:
819:
752:
702:
630:
447:
306:
296:
91:
5295:
Abramtsov, David (1960). "The Assyrians of Persia and the Russian Orthodox Church".
4869:
3087:
around 1500. The church is represented by the Assyrian Church of the East and is in
1590:
1150:
11266:
10851:
10704:
10676:
10582:
10545:
10052:
9894:
9869:
9448:
9408:
8949:
8866:
8448:
8373:
8179:
8055:
7992:
6441:
6233:
5978:
5711:
5655:
5552:
5064:
3983:
3945:
3592:
Benyamin Elya: Bishop of Victoria & New Zealand and Secretary of the Holy Synod
3483:
3430:
3394:
Diocese of Scandinavia and Germany – territory lies in western Europe and includes
3283:
Archdiocese of Syria – jurisdiction lies throughout all Syria, particularly in the
3170:
3084:
3041:
2902:
2775:
2735:
2299:
2277:
1892:
1751:
1745:
1711:
Those who survived fled into Iran with what remained of the Assyrian defense under
1516:, who entered full communion with the Catholic Church and was officially appointed
1423:
1407:
1177:
989:
854:
747:
498:
370:
301:
168:
158:
101:
11204:
3568:: Metropolitan of Australia, New Zealand and Lebanon and Patriarchal Vicar General
1907:
died in the United States, leaving the Assyrian Church of the East in a period of
1489:
11194:
11019:
10809:
10803:
10666:
10641:
10621:
10448:
10261:
10167:
9958:
9656:
8954:
8541:
8524:
8519:
8343:
8338:
8015:
6710:
6687:
6666:
6645:
6597:
6580:
6556:
6530:
6457:
6403:
6382:
6359:
6346:
6323:
6300:
6277:
6256:
6156:
6135:
6118:
6107:
6086:
6020:
5999:
5945:
5924:
5901:
5877:
5819:
5798:
5774:
5747:
5724:
5678:
5626:
5592:
5568:
5513:
5492:
5468:
5447:
5436:
5415:
5394:
5366:
5352:
5326:
5312:
5275:
5068:
3831:
3799:
3166:
3095:
2995:
2931:
2892:
2845:
2826:
2807:
2783:
2763:
2751:
2708:
2696:
2673:
theological tradition of the early church. The founders of Assyrian theology are
2481:
2476:
2272:
1755:
1688:
1464:
1434:
1375:
1367:
1282:
1209:
1189:
1161:
1146:
1094:
1079:
1071:
1005:
997:
993:
692:
601:
154:
9150:
5926:
Untersuchungen zur Sozialgeographie christlicher Minderheiten im Vorderen Orient
5860:
4312:
3280:
Archdiocese of Australia, New Zealand and Lebanon – established in October 1984.
1493:
Mar Elias (Eliya), the Nestorian bishop of the Urmia Plain village of Geogtapa,
1141:
11415:
11074:
11001:
10977:
10865:
10636:
10631:
10257:
10157:
9953:
9842:
9788:
9721:
9701:
9460:
9301:
9181:
9039:
8696:
8617:
8484:
8474:
8428:
8368:
8100:
8078:
6979:
6119:"Relationes nationem Chaldaeorum inter et Custodiam Terrae Sanctae (1551–1629)"
6040:
5947:
Light from the East: A Symposium on the Oriental Orthodox and Assyrian Churches
4714:
3505:
3143:
3123:
2959:
2806:
In their homes, Christians belonging to the Assyrian Church of the East hang a
2625:
2521:
2294:
2282:
2215:
1963:
Church leaders proposed moving the Patriarchal See from Chicago back to Erbil.
1680:
1676:
1556:
1411:
1363:
1229:
738:
697:
677:
548:
513:
365:
286:
5117:
4838:
3659:
accusing the Assyrian Church of the East to be Nestorian, and thus, heretical.
3504:
Diocese of Western Europe – territory lies in Western Europe and includes the
1647:. At that point the Assyrian Church of the East was based in the mountains of
1512:(XIII) (1778–1804), a group seceded from the Eliya line in Alqosh and elected
1414:
with the Catholic Church. He visited Rome and was officially confirmed by the
51:
11442:
10918:
10525:
10503:
10182:
10113:
9963:
9671:
9311:
9306:
9049:
9044:
8805:
8780:
8680:
8591:
8277:
8136:
6453:
6238:
5271:
3977:
3939:
3571:
3437:
3256:
3248:
3198:
3182:
2636:
2376:
2361:
2341:
2304:
2289:
2265:
2134:
1952:
1791:
1787:
1600:
1419:
1181:
1114:
651:
558:
355:
350:
11184:
6569:
4839:"His Beatitude Mar Meelis Zaia Remarks on the Election of the New Patriarch"
3857:
1453:
1156:
The Assyrian Church of the East considers itself as the continuation of the
10942:
9995:
9943:
9874:
9864:
9545:
9477:
9342:
9238:
9110:
9105:
9100:
8899:
8889:
8862:
8836:
8700:
8433:
8393:
8353:
8111:
6190:
6176:
6155:
O'Mahony, Anthony (2006). "Syriac Christianity in the modern Middle East".
6109:
Ein Märtyrer der Union mit Rom: Joseph I. 1681–1696, Patriarch der Chaldäer
4736:
3717:
3614:
3608:
3330:
3241:
3072:
2885:
2881:
2743:
2656:
2617:
2401:
2386:
2371:
2351:
2346:
2336:
1946:
1928:
1912:
1106:
1015:
The Assyrian Church of the East is officially headquartered in the city of
973:
607:
380:
260:
7827:
7817:
7745:
7734:
7679:
7623:
7547:
7506:
7210:
5659:
5223:
4247:
3987:
3949:
3102:
put the Assyrian Church of the East adherents at approximately 20% of the
1655:
invaded the region — despite the Assyrians' plea of neutrality during the
11189:
10827:
10821:
10458:
10297:
10047:
10010:
9859:
9711:
9686:
9583:
9186:
9160:
8712:
8704:
8692:
8453:
6910:
6895:
6445:
5982:
5715:
4415:
4413:
4411:
3676:. In 2001, after a study of this issue, Cardinal Joseph Ratzinger (later
3632:
On November 11, 1994, a historic meeting between Patriarch Dinkha IV and
3565:
3525:
3426:
3225:
3147:
2716:
2692:
2652:
2516:
2381:
2260:
1880:
1822:
1712:
1652:
1636:
1346:(X) (1660–1700) also was a "vigorous defender of the traditional faith".
1289:
1265:
1197:
969:
722:
682:
667:
553:
493:
437:
136:
6408:
Syriac Encounters: Papers from the Sixth North American Syriac Symposium
6161:. Vol. 5. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 511–536.
5729:
After Bardaisan: Studies on Continuity and Change in Syriac Christianity
5556:
4396:
3651:Τhe Assyrian Church of the East was never admitted a full member of the
1841:
practice introduced in the middle of the fifteenth century by Patriarch
1467:
communities, traditionally organized as tribal confederations with each
1463:
Such division was additionally caused by the complex structure of local
1234:
11155:
11150:
10948:
10145:
9884:
9681:
9337:
9269:
9196:
9191:
9130:
9059:
8969:
8904:
8640:
8378:
6900:
6404:"Classical Syriac and the Syriac Churches: A Twentieth-Century History"
6324:"Chaldeans and Assyrians: The Church of the East in the Ottoman Period"
6182:
The History of the Assyrian Church of the East in the Twentieth Century
5417:
The Church of the East: An Illustrated History of Assyrian Christianity
5070:
The Church of the East: An Illustrated History of Assyrian Christianity
3517:
3472:
3461:
3288:
3268:
3057:
2927:
2787:
2406:
1603:
by various western missionaries, while other communities were drawn to
1342:(IX) (1617–1660). David Wilmshurst noted that his successor, Patriarch
1339:
1043:. The current Catholicos-Patriarch of the Assyrian Church of the East,
662:
116:
7953:
6830:
4408:
4208:
4023:
3640:. His Holiness, the Pope, and the patriarch signed a document titled "
1899:
at St Barnabas Church, Ealing, in an area where many Assyrians lived.
1050:
The Assyrian Church of the East claims continuity with the historical
11375:
11209:
11089:
10930:
10871:
10302:
10150:
9985:
9975:
9968:
9926:
9921:
9716:
9676:
9140:
9080:
8333:
6870:
5861:"Signification de l'union chaldéenne de Mar Sulaqa avec Rome en 1553"
3673:
3498:
3467:
Diocese of Western United States – jurisdiction includes parishes in
3202:
3135:
3119:
3075:, is the largest diocese of the church. Its history goes back to the
2975:
2861:
2857:
2795:
2747:
2731:
2663:
2491:
2411:
2356:
1998:
1934:
1896:
1872:
1854:
1842:
1684:
1664:
1608:
1533:
1509:
1457:
1391:
1379:
1335:
1044:
824:
687:
657:
6731:
6647:
The Ecclesiastical Organisation of the Church of the East, 1318–1913
4767:
Christianity in Iraq: Its Origins and Development to the Present Day
3883:
3224:, where it remained until 2015, when it reestablished itself in the
11160:
11133:
11106:
11094:
11079:
10833:
10780:
9691:
9560:
9125:
9095:
9064:
8736:
8716:
8708:
8586:
8489:
8328:
6905:
5614:"List of Patriarchs of the Main Syriac Churches in the Middle East"
3422:
3418:
3314:
3300:
3292:
3264:
3088:
2877:
2841:
2739:
2724:
2396:
2331:
1902:
Dinkha, who was then aged 33, operated his see at Tehran until the
1576:
1387:
1343:
1323:
1126:
1063:
672:
543:
144:
10417:
5821:
Catholics and Sultans: The Church and the Ottoman Empire 1453-1923
4566:
4564:
4562:
4560:
4533:
4461:
4449:
3900:
3898:
2600:, the modern Assyrian Church of the East recognizes the first two
1945:, Iraq. Upon his consecration, he assumed the ecclesiastical name
1883:, in England, from 12 to 17 October 1976. They were joined by two
1825:
as a rival patriarch to Shimun XXI Eshai, forming the independent
11422:
10815:
10737:
10617:
10391:
10000:
9980:
9837:
9726:
8964:
8624:
8413:
7939:
6890:
6869:
6278:"A Neo-Aramaic Gospel Lectionary Translation by Israel of Alqosh"
5748:"Mar Elia Aboona and the history of the East Syrian patriarchate"
4928:
4926:
4644:
4642:
3877:
3862:
3703:
3559:
3536:
3521:
3513:
3479:
3468:
3457:
3407:
3403:
3395:
3260:
3221:
3186:
3053:
3049:
2682:
2613:
2441:
2005:
1879:, convened a synod of seven Assyrian bishops which took place at
1864:
1830:
1799:
1775:
1729:
1383:
1212:. Ultimately, the pro-Catholic branches were consolidated as the
1201:
1165:
1118:
1040:
707:
432:
405:
125:
3913:
3878:
Holy Apostolic Assyrian Church of the East Official News Website
3193:
as his patriarchal province. The patriarchate was then moved to
2930:, from a 13th-century Nestorian Peshitta Gospel book written in
1750:
In the aftermath of World War I, the British-educated Patriarch
1105:, who serve in dioceses (eparchies) and parishes throughout the
239:
11395:
11199:
11128:
11101:
11084:
9207:
8187:
6885:
5494:
Nestorius and His Teaching: A Fresh Examination of the Evidence
4950:
4938:
4870:"The Assyrian Church of the East elects new patriarch in Erbil"
4690:. Holy Synod of the Assyrian Church of the East. Archived from
4664:. Holy Synod of the Assyrian Church of the East. Archived from
4557:
4437:
4220:
3895:
3529:
3509:
3491:
3411:
3399:
3381:
3373:
3365:
3318:
3304:
3252:
3233:
3206:
3190:
3174:
3155:
3080:
3045:
2876:, which contains an illustration depicting Jesus Christ (not a
2817:
The Assyrian Church of the East does not currently make use of
2669:
The Christology of the Church of the East has its roots in the
1876:
1803:
1771:
1763:
1759:
1660:
1632:
1319:
1261:
1130:
1122:
1102:
1098:
1028:
859:
360:
178:
68:
6535:
Religionsgeschichte des Orients in der Zeit der Weltreligionen
6085:
Kitchen, Robert A. (2012). "The Assyrian Church of the East".
4923:
4639:
4603:
4591:
4485:
4300:
3825:
3793:
3577:
Awgin Kuriakose: Metropolitan of India and the Gulf Countries
1762:
by the Iraqi Army, the patriarch was forced to take refuge in
11123:
11111:
11007:
9933:
9393:
9332:
9289:
8871:
8547:
8358:
8191:
6772:
6001:
Eastern Christianity and Politics in the Twenty-First Century
5573:. New York and London: Garland Publishing. pp. 281–298.
4581:
4579:
4509:
4473:
4384:
4372:
3725:
in India (also known as Assyrian Church of the East in India)
3388:
3377:
3335:
3229:
3159:
3151:
3068:
3026:
2830:
2486:
1986:
1957:
1942:
1807:
1733:
1692:
1644:
1612:
1568:
1560:
1473:
1371:
1359:
1270:
1242:
1110:
1032:
1016:
375:
337:
182:
140:
5137:. The American Foundation for Syriac Studies. 5 October 2012
4184:
4085:
4083:
9085:
7826:
6749:"Los Asirio-Caldeos, Cristianos orientales arameoparlantes"
6158:
The Cambridge History of Christianity: Eastern Christianity
4662:"Holy Synod Announcement – Passing of Catholicos-Patriarch"
4497:
4360:
4336:
4290:
4288:
4286:
4271:
4162:
4160:
3637:
3339:
3237:
3034:
2818:
1982:
1978:
1834:
1818:
1795:
1580:
1415:
1278:
1246:
1173:
1036:
1024:
1020:
186:
72:
4615:
4576:
3620:
Aprim Khamis: Bishop Emeritus of the Western United States
2837:. As such, the church was forced to get rid of her icons.
1145:
A 6th-century Nestorian church, St. John the Arab, in the
67:
The Patriarchal see of the Assyrian Church of the East in
6563:. Vol. 11. Paris: Letouzey et Ané. pp. 157–323.
6353:. Vol. 1. Malden: Wiley-Blackwell. pp. 154–159.
6284:. Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz Verlag. pp. 523–533.
5779:(3rd revised ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
5773:
Cross, Frank L.; Livingstone, Elizabeth A., eds. (2005).
5073:(New ed.). London: I.B. Tauris. pp. 75 and 94.
4521:
4324:
4080:
4042:
3975:
3937:
3251:. Churches and dioceses have been established throughout
2196:
Evangelical Church of the Augsburg Confession in Slovenia
1277:, who decided to legitimize his position by traveling to
1012:
influenced dialects of Eastern Aramaic in everyday life.
6668:
The Martyred Church: A History of the Church of the East
6424:
5906:
Semitica: Serta philologica Constantino Tsereteli dicata
5594:
Fire from Heaven: Studies in Syriac Theology and Liturgy
5186:"Iraq 2018 International Religious Freedom Report, p. 3"
5059:
5057:
4348:
4283:
4259:
4172:
4157:
4133:
2179:
Eastern Rite Community in Germany and the Czech Republic
1615:
who converted to Eastern Orthodoxy in 1898, through the
1607:. That movement was led by Assyrian Bishop Mar Yonan of
6462:(2nd revised ed.). San Francisco: Ignatius Press.
6261:. Leiden: Nederlands Instituut voor het Nabije Oosten.
4145:
4121:
3827:ʿĒḏtā Qaddīštā wa-Šlīḥāytā Qāṯōlīqī ḏ-Maḏnḥā ḏ-ʾĀṯūrāyē
2860:
proves that in the 13th century the church was not yet
2829:
in the region, which forbade any type of depictions of
2010:
Catholicos-Patriarch of the Assyrian Church of the East
1939:
Catholicos-Patriarch of the Assyrian Church of the East
1508:
In 1780, at the beginning of the patriarchal tenure of
6956:
5618:
Gorgias Encyclopedic Dictionary of the Syriac Heritage
4237:
4235:
4109:
2699:(d. 628) during the controversy that followed the 431
2216:
P'ent'ay - Ethiopian and Eritrean Evangelical Churches
1484:
6185:. Kottayam: St. Ephrem Ecumenical Research Institute.
5054:
4627:
3982:. Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishing Ltd. p. 317.
3944:. Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishing Ltd. p. 122.
3205:
in 1976, the patriarchate was temporarily located in
1397:
6479:"Российская православная миссия в Урмии (1898-1918)"
6307:. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag. pp. 335–352.
5570:
Doctrinal Diversity: Varieties of Early Christianity
5230:
4901:
4899:
4884:
3699:
3664:
The lack of a coherent institution narrative in the
3598:
Elia Tamras: Bishop of Baghdad, Ukraine and Georgia.
3586:
Paulus Benjamin: Bishop of the Eastern United States
3025:: an ancient Assyrian church located in the city of
1966:
There have also been talks of reunification. In the
6425:Mutlu-Numansen, Sofia; Ossewaarde, Marinus (2019).
6254:
6213:
5654:. Malden: John Wiley & Sons. pp. 599–612.
4911:
4419:
4232:
4214:
3313:– the archdiocese's territory includes the city of
1594:
Early 20th century Assyrian archbishop and servants
958:
Holy Apostolic Catholic Assyrian Church of the East
56:
Holy Apostolic Catholic Assyrian Church of the East
6401:
6380:
6364:Religion Beyond its Private Role in Modern Society
6357:
6344:
6321:
6298:
6275:
6044:
5620:. Piscataway, NJ: Gorgias Press. pp. 481–491.
5515:An Introduction to the Christian Orthodox Churches
4760:
4758:
4545:
4425:
4196:
4004:
3889:
3209:, where the new patriarch was living at the time.
3040:The Assyrian Church of the East is governed by an
2848:, from the 13th century, currently resided at the
2723:), unmingled, but everlastingly united in the one
1354:. Faced with a centuries-old rivalry and frequent
1314:Union with Rome was actively opposed by Patriarch
1303:
6732:"The Assyrians: A Historical and Current Reality"
6410:. Louvain: Peeters Publishers. pp. 119–148.
4896:
4845:. Assyrian Church of the East. 8 September 2021.
3580:Odisho Awraham: Bishop of Scandinavia and Germany
3372:Diocese of Iran – territory includes the capital
2974:The twelve apostles are gathered around Peter at
1296:Upon consecration, Yohannan Sulaqa took the name
11440:
6712:The Path to Assyria: A Call for National Revival
6619:The Cradle of Mankind: Life in Eastern Kurdistan
6459:Rome and the Eastern Churches: A Study in Schism
6305:Aramaic in Its Historical and Linguistic Setting
6196:Patriarch Mar Dinkha IV: The Man and His Message
6004:. London-New York: Routledge. pp. 601–620.
5772:
5725:"The Patriarchal List of the Church of the East"
5438:Istoria degli ultimi quattro secoli della Chiesa
5341:History of the Chaldean and Nestorian patriarchs
4956:
4932:
4570:
3979:The Blackwell Dictionary of Eastern Christianity
3941:The Blackwell Dictionary of Eastern Christianity
3836:كنيسة المشرق الآشورية الرسولية الجاثلقية المقدسة
2703:. Babai held that within Christ there exist two
1687:against the Ottomans and their Islamic Kurdish,
1196:. Contrary to a widespread opinion, the Apostle
8199:
6330:. Piscataway: Gorgias Press. pp. 146–164.
5731:. Louvain: Peeters Publishers. pp. 65–84.
5538:"The 'Nestorian' Church: A Lamentable Misnomer"
4755:
4715:"Assyrian Church of the East elects new leader"
3497:Diocese of Victoria and New Zealand – includes
2186:Evangelical Church of Egypt (Synod of the Nile)
1160:, a church that originally developed among the
1078:in 1994 between the Church of the East and the
1004:, and the majority of its adherents are ethnic
778:The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
6671:. London: East & West Publishing Limited.
6091:. London-New York: Routledge. pp. 78–88.
6070:. Leiden: Brill Studies in Christian Mission.
5611:
3478:Diocese of Canada – includes the territory of
2596:Following doctrinal traditions of the ancient
10433:
10107:Architecture of cathedrals and great churches
9806:
9223:
8656:
7969:
7004:Dioceses of the Church of the East after 1552
6999:Dioceses of the Church of the East, 1318–1552
6942:
6855:
5628:The Holy Spirit: Eastern Christian Traditions
5487:
5037:"The Shadow of Nestorius by William J. Tighe"
5001:
4999:
4809:
3749:Dioceses of the Church of the East after 1552
3744:Dioceses of the Church of the East, 1318–1552
3611:: Metropolitan Emeritus of Malabar and India
3589:Abris Youkhannan: Bishop of Dohuk and Nineveh
3014:Dioceses of the Church of the East after 1552
2738:, proposing instead a much looser concept of
2577:
1739:
1054:, and it is not in communion with either the
925:
10457:Ethno-linguistic group(s) indigenous to the
6154:
5612:Burleson, Samuel; Rompay, Lucas van (2011).
3819:ܥܕܬܐ ܩܕܝܫܬܐ ܘܫܠܝܚܝܬܐ ܩܬܘܠܝܩܝ ܕܡܕܢܚܐ ܕܐܬܘܪ̈ܝܐ
3547:
2869:
1810:, where he worked to strengthen the church.
5385:
5160:. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 206.
4769:. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 166.
4648:
4621:
4609:
4597:
4585:
4491:
4443:
4402:
4226:
4127:
4103:"Did the apostle Peter ever visit Babylon?"
3595:Awraham Youkhanis: Bishop of Western Europe
3158:, and after 1918 the patriarchs resided in
1911:until 18 September 2015. During that time,
10440:
10426:
9230:
9216:
8663:
8649:
8599:Malankara–Persian ecclesiastical relations
7976:
7962:
7056:Patriarchal Province of Seleucia-Ctesiphon
6994:Dioceses of the Church of the East to 1318
6949:
6935:
6862:
6848:
6688:"The Patriarchs of the Church of the East"
6685:
6664:
6643:
6351:The Encyclopedia of Christian Civilization
5631:. Peabody, Mass.: Hendrickson Publishers.
5314:Bibliotheca orientalis clementino-vaticana
5158:Encyclopedia of the Stateless Nations: A-C
5041:Touchstone: A Journal of Mere Christianity
4996:
4787:
4539:
4527:
4515:
4503:
4479:
4467:
4455:
4390:
4378:
4366:
4354:
4342:
4330:
4318:
4306:
4294:
4277:
4265:
4253:
4166:
4115:
3739:Dioceses of the Church of the East to 1318
3682:Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith
3421:community, along with smaller parishes in
3334:An ancient Assyrian church in the city of
2666:on the occasion of his accession in 1976.
2584:
2570:
1651:, as it had been since 1681. In 1915, The
1555:(1820–1861) also governed his church from
1536:(XIII) died and was buried in the ancient
932:
918:
267:
6551:
6511:
6237:
6137:The Assyrians: From Nineveh to Södertälje
5896:
5824:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
5776:Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church
5518:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
5497:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
5434:
5396:The Church of the East: A Concise History
5294:
5028:
4190:
3623:Emmanuel Yosip: Bishop Emeritus of Canada
3287:, where most of the community resides in
3189:, and administered the United States and
1922:
1871:Almost a year after the death of Shimun,
11464:Religious organizations based in Chicago
8670:
6133:
5971:The Bulletin of the John Rylands Library
5967:"The church of the East in central Asia"
5922:
5902:"The Modern Assyrians - Name and Nation"
5704:The Bulletin of the John Rylands Library
5470:The Patriarchs of the Church of the East
5466:
5452:. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
5343:. Piscataway, New Jersey: Gorgias Press.
5335:
5321:
5307:
3684:, promulgated a declaration approved by
3355:
3344:
3329:
3317:and surrounding, mostly in the state of
3113:
3017:
2742:. Nestorianism has come to mean radical
2730:The precise Christological teachings of
1951:
1858:
1635:. In spite of both ethnic and religious
1626:
1589:
1488:
1374:, warlords were accustomed to attacking
1256:(1539–1558), who resided in the ancient
1233:
1140:
8570:Proposals for Assyrian autonomy in Iraq
7983:
6746:
6694:. London: Routledge. pp. 799–805.
6452:
6347:"Assyrian Apostolic Church of the East"
6116:
6105:
6084:
6039:
5745:
5722:
5697:
5676:
5624:
5371:. Vol. 2. London: Joseph Masters.
5224:"Elia Isaac Tamrs - Names - Orthodoxia"
5155:
5135:"The Church of the East – Mark Dickens"
4962:
4944:
4139:
3971:
3969:
3627:
2754:, at the council that was held in 612.
1617:Russian Ecclesiastical Mission in Urmia
1310:Numeration of the Eliya line patriarchs
1219:
986:Divine Liturgy of Saints Addai and Mari
14:
11441:
8297:St. Thomas Evangelical Church of India
6729:
6708:
6629:
6612:
6528:
6189:
6175:
6065:
5997:
5964:
5817:
5445:
5413:
5361:
5357:. Vol. 1. London: Joseph Masters.
5347:
5270:
5236:
5063:
5005:
4867:
4764:
4633:
4551:
4431:
4089:
4048:
3299:. There are also small communities in
2914:also used figurative representations.
2825:eventually became the norm due to the
2229:St. Thomas Evangelical Church of India
1848:
980:. It belongs to the eastern branch of
11459:Assyrian-American culture in Illinois
10421:
9211:
8644:
7957:
6930:
6843:
6595:
6578:
6018:
5908:. Torino: Zamorani. pp. 99–114.
5858:
5838:
5645:
5587:
5563:
5532:
5511:
5399:. London-New York: Routledge-Curzon.
5093:
4905:
4890:
4849:from the original on 12 December 2021
4321:, p. 28, 195, 242, 250–251, 355.
4178:
4151:
4010:
3933:
3931:
3220:, the patriarchate again returned to
2978:, from the Nestorian Peshitta Gospel.
2962:, from the Nestorian Peshitta Gospel.
2182:Evangelical Baptist Church of Georgia
1520:and patriarchal administrator of the
1047:, was consecrated in September 2021.
6779:
6736:Journal of Assyrian Academic Studies
6567:
6561:Dictionnaire de théologie catholique
6518:Journal of Eastern Christian Studies
6476:
6345:Murre van den Berg, Heleen (2011) .
6255:Murre van den Berg, Heleen (1999b).
5943:
5875:
5793:
5545:Bulletin of the John Rylands Library
5435:Becchetti, Filippo Angelico (1796).
4917:
4814:. Infobase Publishing. p. 142.
4712:
4241:
4202:
3966:
3818:
3786:
2224:Society for Eastern Rite Anglicanism
2206:Kosovo Protestant Evangelical Church
1992:
968:church that follows the traditional
10447:
6537:. Leiden: Brill. pp. 120–169.
6402:Murre van den Berg, Heleen (2015).
6381:Murre van den Berg, Heleen (2015).
6366:. Leiden: Brill. pp. 115–134.
6358:Murre van den Berg, Heleen (2013).
6322:Murre van den Berg, Heleen (2009).
6299:Murre van den Berg, Heleen (2008).
6276:Murre van den Berg, Heleen (2006).
5700:"The Church of the East since 1914"
3870:
3835:
3803:
3146:, and continued to do so up to the
2998:gospel manuscript preserved in the
2852:. This illustrated manuscript from
2612:(381). The Assyrian Church follows
1863:Mar Gewargis Assyrian Cathedral in
1794:in 1954, and was able to travel to
1485:Consolidation of remaining branches
1330:. During his patriarchal rule, the
1273:under the leadership of the priest
1039:, corresponding roughly to ancient
773:Members Church of God International
24:
6636:The Assyrians and Their Neighbours
4868:Sirwan, Dilan (9 September 2021).
4739:. 11 November 1994. Archived from
3928:
3906:"Østens Assyriske Kirke i Danmark"
3181:. In 1940, he was welcomed to the
1917:Patriarchate of Seleucia-Ctesiphon
1790:. He transferred his residence to
1504:by Justin Perkins (Andover, 1843).
1398:The junior Shimun line of Qochanis
25:
11475:
8575:Assyrian–Chaldean–Syriac diaspora
8246:Malabar Independent Syrian Church
6768:
6625:. London: Adam and Charles Black.
6226:Hugoye: Journal of Syriac Studies
5950:. Toronto: Anglican Book Centre.
5034:
3185:where he set up his residence in
3100:United States Department of State
2715:, a complex term, equivalent for
2175:Believers Eastern Church of India
1322:. He was succeeded by his nephew
1252:During the patriarchal tenure of
1097:, while lower clergy consists of
1076:Common Christological Declaration
11421:
11409:
11366:Assyrian Democratic Organisation
10519:
10508:
10497:
10402:
10401:
10390:
9518:State church of the Roman Empire
9237:
8826:
8623:
8240:Malankara Orthodox Syrian Church
8234:Jacobite Syrian Christian Church
7938:
7012:
6822:
6805:
6788:
6123:Archivum Franciscanum Historicum
5882:. Stuttgart: Kohlhammer Verlag.
5368:The Nestorians and Their Rituals
5354:The Nestorians and Their Rituals
4713:Nagl, Kurt (26 September 2015).
3702:
3349:Saint Kirill Assyrian church in
2983:
2967:
2943:
2919:
2872:Bibliothèque nationale de France
2647:(451), and still adheres to the
2039:
1571:. He was succeeded by Patriarch
1023:; its original area encompassed
899:
61:
50:
9501:First seven ecumenical councils
8982:Christianization of Kievan Rus'
8774:Independent Churches/Communions
7275:Beth Tabyathe and the Kartawaye
6650:. Louvain: Peeters Publishers.
6387:. Louvain: Peeters Publishers.
5242:
5216:
5202:
5178:
5149:
5127:
5096:Marco Polo y la Ruta de la Seda
5087:
4861:
4831:
4803:
4725:
4706:
4680:
4654:
4256:, p. 22, 42 194, 260, 355.
4095:
4054:
3808:
3653:Middle East Council of Churches
3583:Narsai Benyamin: Bishop of Iran
3274:
3079:that established a presence in
3007:
2610:First Council of Constantinople
1915:served as the custodian of the
1766:. There, Shimun petitioned the
1622:
1352:Ottoman–Persian War (1743–1746)
1304:The senior Eliya line of Alqosh
1164:during the first century CE in
1089:. Its hierarchy is composed of
18:The Assyrian Church of the East
11032:Genocide of Christians by ISIL
10895:Muslim conquest of Mesopotamia
10368:Relations with other religions
9774:Church of the East (Nestorian)
9769:Oriental Orthodox (Miaphysite)
9006:Moscow–Constantinople schisms
8565:Assyrian independence movement
8215:Syro-Malankara Catholic Church
6585:Analecta Ordinis Praedicatorum
6512:Seleznyov, Nikolai N. (2010).
6434:Holocaust and Genocide Studies
6328:The Christian Heritage of Iraq
6112:. Einsiedeln: Benziger Verlag.
5923:Hartmann, Klaus-Peter (1980).
4688:"Notice from the Locum Tenens"
4016:
3850:
3776:
3754:List of patriarchs of the East
3295:and the 35 villages along the
3118:Residence of the Patriarch in
2926:Feast of the Discovery of the
2823:opposition to religious images
2801:
2631:
1669:Assyrian independence movement
1471:being headed by a local lord (
783:The New Church (Swedenborgian)
728:Nondenominational Christianity
27:Eastern Christian denomination
13:
1:
10776:Ancient Mesopotamian religion
6639:. London: G. Bell & Sons.
6596:Vosté, Jacques Marie (1931).
6579:Vosté, Jacques Marie (1925).
6199:. Trichur: Mar Narsai Press.
5879:Das orientalische Christentum
5473:. Piscataway: Gorgias Press.
5010:. Mission Focus. p. 23.
4024:"اخبار كنيسة المشرق الاشورية"
3844:
2888:) surrounded by four angels.
2622:procession of the Holy Spirit
2191:Evangelical Church of Romania
1494:
1410:(1555–1570), who remained in
11386:Syriac Union Party (Lebanon)
11361:Assyrian Democratic Movement
9156:Essence–energies distinction
8977:Christianization of Bulgaria
7852:Erbil (Chaldean archeparchy)
7724:Tus and Abrashahr (Nishapur)
6715:. Södertälje: Tigris Press.
6574:. London: Independent Press.
6140:. Södertälje: Tigris Press.
6088:The Orthodox Christian World
6051:. San Francisco: HarperOne.
5965:Hunter, Erica C. D. (1996).
5818:Frazee, Charles A. (2006) .
5625:Burgess, Stanley M. (1989).
5467:Benjamin, Daniel D. (2008).
5094:Drège, Jean-Pierre (1992) .
4957:Cross & Livingstone 2005
4933:Cross & Livingstone 2005
4810:Eduardo Campo, Juan (2009).
4571:Cross & Livingstone 2005
4405:, p. 114, 118, 174–175.
4064:. Vatican.va. Archived from
3826:
3794:
3759:List of Assyrian settlements
3617:: Bishop Emeritus of Baghdad
3562:: 122nd Catholicos-Patriarch
3169:of 1933, the then Patriarch
3109:
2810:(without the corpus) on the
2620:, and professes the eternal
2616:doctrines, expressed in the
1778:in 1940 to join the growing
1631:St. Mary Assyrian Church in
1551:The next Assyrian Patriarch
1281:and seeking confirmation by
1200:never visited the Church of
956:and officially known as the
788:Unitarians and Universalists
7:
11454:1552 establishments in Asia
11449:Assyrian Church of the East
11371:Assyrian Universal Alliance
10597:Assyrian Church of the East
10572:Assyrian Pentecostal Church
10566:Assyrian Evangelical Church
10489:Terms for Syriac Christians
10075:Views on poverty and wealth
8960:Antiochian Greek Christians
8858:Christianization of Georgia
8853:Christianization of Armenia
8760:Assyrian Church of the East
8582:Terms for Syriac Christians
8399:Shimun VIII Yohannan Sulaqa
8258:Assyrian Church of the East
8156:Assyrian Pentecostal Church
8150:Assyrian Evangelical Church
8120:Assyrian Church of the East
7847:Erbil (East Syriac diocese)
7828:
7818:
7746:
7735:
7680:
7624:
7548:
7507:
7211:
6976:Assyrian Church of the East
6970:Hierarchy divided into the
6875:Assyrian Church of the East
6775:Assyrian Church of the East
6531:"Die Nestorianische Kirche"
5839:Gulik, Wilhelm van (1904).
5803:. Beirut: Orient-Institut.
5683:. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
5420:. London-New York: Tauris.
4800:. Retrieved April 19, 2010.
4028:اخبار كنيسة المشرق الاشورية
3729:Church of the East in China
3695:
3360:Saint Hurmizd cathedral in
3325:
2655:, that is often labeled as
2201:Evangelical Orthodox Church
2170:Assyrian Pentecostal Church
2165:Assyrian Evangelical Church
2160:Armenian Evangelical Church
2015:
1667:allies — out of fear of an
1404:Shimun VIII Yohannan Sulaqa
946:Assyrian Church of the East
10:
11480:
11381:Syriac Union Party (Syria)
10603:Ancient Church of the East
10320:World Evangelical Alliance
10282:Traditionalist Catholicism
9010:15th–16th centuries schism
8934:Oriental Orthodox Churches
8765:Ancient Church of the East
8750:Oriental Orthodox Churches
8126:Ancient Church of the East
7771:dioceses from 1318 to 1552
6686:Wilmshurst, David (2019).
6665:Wilmshurst, David (2011).
6644:Wilmshurst, David (2000).
6215:Murre van den Berg, Heleen
6117:Lemmens, Leonhard (1926).
5746:Coakley, James F. (2001).
5723:Coakley, James F. (1999).
5698:Coakley, James F. (1996).
5677:Coakley, James F. (1992).
5650:. In Frahm, Eckart (ed.).
5414:Baumer, Christoph (2006).
5280:. Amherst: Cambria Press.
5263:
5006:Horner, Norman A. (1989).
3666:Anaphora of Addai and Mari
3011:
2757:
2233:St. Valentine's Fellowship
2220:Russian Evangelical Church
1996:
1926:
1887:bishops, representing the
1852:
1827:Ancient Church of the East
1743:
1740:Patriarch Shimun XXI Eshai
1307:
1223:
1136:
1056:Oriental Orthodox Churches
217:Ancient Church of the East
40:Ancient Church of the East
29:
11404:
11351:
11222:
11054:
11045:
10958:
10887:
10794:
10735:
10718:
10675:
10616:
10581:
10544:
10533:
10495:
10466:
10455:
10385:
10335:
10315:World Council of Churches
10290:
10208:
10092:
10083:
10038:
9823:
9807:
9802:Latter Day Saint movement
9787:
9747:
9647:
9628:
9574:
9531:
9476:
9382:
9361:
9320:
9288:
9245:
9169:
9073:
9032:
8843:
8824:
8804:
8773:
8755:Eastern Catholic Churches
8735:
8724:
8678:
8612:
8534:
8467:
8316:
8276:
8255:
8224:
8184:(active 1st century–1601)
8169:
8135:
8110:
8087:
8054:
8031:
8006:
7991:
7935:
7763:
7200:Ardashir Khurrah (Shiraf)
7152:
7064:
7021:
7010:
6986:
6968:
6881:
6134:Lundgren, Svante (2016).
5944:Hill, Henry, ed. (1988).
5309:Assemani, Giuseppe Simone
3795:ʿĒḏtā ḏ-Maḏnḥā ḏ-ʾĀṯūrāyē
3548:Members of the Holy Synod
3177:due to his agitation for
2870:
2681:, both of whom taught at
2540:Index of related articles
2527:Eastern Christian history
2237:Ukrainian Lutheran Church
1758:of Assyrian civilians at
1701:First Republic of Armenia
1070:, whose members are also
234:
226:
203:
192:
174:
164:
150:
131:
115:
107:
97:
87:
79:
60:
49:
10901:Muslim conquest of Syria
10591:Chaldean Catholic Church
10343:Anti-Christian sentiment
9523:Christian biblical canon
8439:Dionysius of Vattasseril
8303:Believers Eastern Church
8097:Chaldean Catholic Church
6972:Chaldean Catholic Church
6568:Vine, Aubrey R. (1937).
6529:Spuler, Bertold (1961).
6492:: 73–112. Archived from
6239:10.31826/hug-2010-020119
6106:Lampart, Albert (1966).
5646:Butts, Aaron M. (2017).
5446:Becker, Adam H. (2015).
5337:Assemani, Giuseppe Luigi
5323:Assemani, Giuseppe Luigi
4420:Murre van den Berg 1999a
4215:Murre van den Berg 1999a
3769:
3646:Chaldean Catholic Church
3197:in 1954, and finally to
3132:Rabban Hormizd Monastery
3031:West Azerbaijan province
2312:Eastern Catholic liturgy
2249:Eastern liturgical rites
1889:Archbishop of Canterbury
1867:: Former Patriarchal See
1817:, and the shortening of
1538:Rabban Hormizd Monastery
1526:Joseph V Augustine Hindi
1522:Chaldean Catholic Church
1258:Rabban Hormizd Monastery
1214:Chaldean Catholic Church
1068:Chaldean Catholic Church
952:), sometimes called the
211:Chaldean Catholic Church
30:Not to be confused with
11428:Christianity portal
11391:Syriac Military Council
10990:Massacres of Diyarbekir
10925:Principality of Antioch
10878:Byzantine–Sasanian wars
10685:Assyrian folk/pop music
10397:Christianity portal
9556:Investiture Controversy
8992:Eastern Orthodox Church
8946:Saint Thomas Christians
8745:Eastern Orthodox Church
8630:Christianity portal
8384:Mar Sabor and Mar Proth
8291:Mar Thoma Syrian Church
8171:Saint Thomas Christians
7945:Christianity portal
7160:Abiward and Shahr Piroz
6747:Yildiz, Efrem (2000b).
6025:. Münster: LIT Verlag.
6019:Jakob, Joachim (2014).
5929:. Wiesbaden: Reichert.
5876:Hage, Wolfgang (2007).
5489:Bethune-Baker, James F.
5156:Minahan, James (2002).
4947:, p. 90, 229, 231.
4798:Encyclopædia Britannica
4649:Baum & Winkler 2003
4622:Baum & Winkler 2003
4610:Baum & Winkler 2003
4598:Baum & Winkler 2003
4586:Baum & Winkler 2003
4542:, p. 36, 281, 314.
4492:Baum & Winkler 2003
4470:, p. 125, 263–264.
4458:, p. 316-319, 356.
4444:Baum & Winkler 2003
4403:Baum & Winkler 2003
4227:Baum & Winkler 2003
4128:Baum & Winkler 2003
3890:Murre van den Berg 2011
3764:List of Assyrian tribes
3680:), then Prefect of the
3574:: Metropolitan of Syria
2950:An angel announces the
2850:State Library of Berlin
2844:Gospel book written in
2778:, which includes three
2762:The church employs the
2606:First Council of Nicaea
2211:Mar Thoma Syrian Church
1500:. The image comes from
1194:Bartholomew the Apostle
1060:Eastern Orthodox Church
11146:Al-Hasakah Governorate
10984:Massacres of Badr Khan
10758:Middle Assyrian Empire
10560:Syriac Catholic Church
10554:Syriac Orthodox Church
10348:Christian universalism
9739:Western Rite Orthodoxy
9584:Protestant Reformation
8791:True Orthodox churches
8786:Spiritual Christianity
8424:Ignatius Andrew Akijan
8409:Gregorios Abdal Jaleel
8267:Chaldean Syrian Church
8041:Syriac Orthodox Church
8022:Syriac Catholic Church
6730:Yildiz, Efrem (1999).
6709:Yakoub, Afram (2020).
6631:Wigram, William Ainger
6614:Wigram, William Ainger
6571:The Nestorian Churches
6557:"L'Église nestorienne"
5859:Habbi, Joseph (1966).
5652:A Companion to Assyria
5597:. Aldershot: Ashgate.
3723:Chaldean Syrian Church
3657:Coptic Orthodox Church
3368:
3353:
3342:
3285:al-Hasakah Governorate
3127:
3065:Chaldean Syrian Church
3037:
2990:Illustration from the
2952:resurrection of Christ
2898:The Book of Protection
2792:Theodore of Mopsuestia
2679:Theodore of Mopsuestia
2129:Independent communions
1960:
1923:Patriarch Gewargis III
1881:St Paul's Abbey, Alton
1868:
1673:Syriac Orthodox Church
1640:
1595:
1505:
1249:
1184:church established by
1153:
197:Chaldean Syrian Church
32:Syriac Orthodox Church
11014:Independence movement
10770:Post-imperial Assyria
10746:Early Assyrian period
10006:Anointing of the Sick
8814:Eastern Protestantism
8687:that developed since
7546:Niffar, Nil and al-Nu
7375:Harran and Callinicus
7065:Exterior metropolitan
7022:Interior metropolitan
6477:Садо, Стефан (1996).
6066:Joseph, John (2000).
5660:10.1002/9781118325216
5648:"Assyrian Christians"
5441:. Vol. 10. Roma.
4872:. Rudaw Media Network
4812:Encyclopedia of Islam
4765:Rassam, Suha (2005).
3988:10.1002/9781405166584
3950:10.1002/9781405166584
3804:كنيسة المشرق الآشورية
3359:
3348:
3333:
3117:
3021:
2880:) in the circle of a
2417:Eastern Protestantism
2153:Eastern Protestantism
2050:Mainstream communions
1956:Mar Narsai Church in
1955:
1862:
1719:leader and Patriarch
1630:
1593:
1585:First Vatican Council
1492:
1386:(XI) (1700–1722) and
1308:Further information:
1237:
1144:
10690:Music of Mesopotamia
10637:Chaldean Neo-Aramaic
10632:Assyrian Neo-Aramaic
10327:Nondenominationalism
10200:Role in civilization
9667:Independent Catholic
9609:Relations with Islam
9589:Catholic Reformation
8939:Council of Chalcedon
8685:Christian traditions
8672:Eastern Christianity
8555:Assyrian nationalism
8500:Koy Sanjaq Christian
8485:Chaldean Neo-Aramaic
8475:Assyrian Neo-Aramaic
8389:Dionysius bar Salibi
8364:Philoxenus of Mabbug
8217:(West Syriac) (1932)
8211:(East Syriac) (1665)
7673:Shenna d'Beth Ramman
7255:Beth Mazunaye (Oman)
7119:Kashgar and Nevaketh
7079:Beth Tuptaye (Tibet)
5983:10.7227/BJRL.78.3.10
5716:10.7227/BJRL.78.3.14
5512:Binns, John (2002).
5363:Badger, George Percy
5349:Badger, George Percy
5317:. Vol. 1. Roma.
3787:ܥܕܬܐ ܕܡܕܢܚܐ ܕܐܬܘܖ̈ܝܐ
3674:eucharistic elements
3628:Ecumenical relations
3311:Archdiocese of India
3067:, which encompasses
3058:Catholicos-Patriarch
2992:Nestorian Evangelion
2866:Nestorian Evangelion
2727:(person) of Christ.
2645:Council of Chalcedon
2545:Western Christianity
2033:Eastern Christianity
1394:(XIII) (1778–1804).
1220:Schisms and branches
1091:metropolitan bishops
1087:Catholicos-Patriarch
1008:who speak differing
625:Independent Catholic
111:East Syriac theology
10996:Rise of nationalism
10937:Jalayirid Sultanate
10764:Neo-Assyrian Empire
10752:Old Assyrian period
10695:Syriac sacral music
10515:Aramean-Syriac flag
10474:Assyrian continuity
10373:Unlimited atonement
10358:Cultural Christians
9797:Jehovah's Witnesses
9419:Sermon on the Mount
9348:Christian tradition
9275:Lists of Christians
8715:, and parts of the
8604:Syriac sacral music
8459:Baselios Paulose II
8444:Geevarghese Ivanios
8404:Abraham of Angamaly
8209:Syro-Malabar Church
7985:Syriac Christianity
7776:dioceses after 1552
7500:Mashmahig (Bahrain)
7290:Bih Shabur (Kazrun)
7220:Badisi and Qadistan
7074:Beth Sinaye (China)
6486:Христианское чтение
5898:Heinrichs, Wolfhart
5589:Brock, Sebastian P.
5565:Brock, Sebastian P.
5557:10.7227/BJRL.78.3.3
5534:Brock, Sebastian P.
5391:Winkler, Dietmar W.
4970:"Sign of the Cross"
4719:Rudaw Media Network
4446:, p. 120, 175.
4309:, p. 205, 263.
4229:, p. 116, 174.
3866:. 8 September 2021.
3710:Christianity portal
3535:Diocese of Bagdad,
3195:Modesto, California
3085:Portuguese in India
2934:, preserved in the
2602:ecumenical councils
2558:Christianity portal
2512:Christian mysticism
2325:Major controversies
2101:Eastern Catholicism
1849:Patriarch Dinkha IV
1736:, and other areas.
1721:Shimun XIX Benyamin
1553:Shimun XVII Abraham
1542:Shimun XVI Yohannan
1518:Archbishop of Mosul
1358:between two mighty
1316:Shemon VII Ishoyahb
1254:Shemon VII Ishoyahb
994:liturgical language
982:Syriac Christianity
906:Christianity portal
763:Jehovah's Witnesses
443:History of theology
213:(1830) (Eliya Line)
11416:History portal
10858:Church of the East
10647:Bohtan Neo-Aramaic
10484:Chaldean Catholics
10218:Crusading movement
9486:Ante-Nicene period
8912:Church of the East
8882:Ecumenical council
8833:Christ Pantocrator
8689:Early Christianity
8480:Bohtan Neo-Aramaic
8419:Abraham Koorilos I
8349:Severus of Antioch
8282:Eastern Protestant
8141:Eastern Protestant
8069:"Nestorian Church"
8063:Church of the East
7764:Post-1318 dioceses
7653:Seleucia-Ctesiphon
7435:Karka d'Beth Slokh
7114:Islands of the Sea
6962:Church of the East
6499:on 10 October 2017
6446:10.1093/hgs/dcz045
5871:: 99–132, 199–230.
5848:Oriens Christianus
5795:Fiey, Jean Maurice
5752:Oriens Christianus
5035:Tighe, William J.
4651:, p. 150-155.
4612:, p. 148-149.
4600:, p. 147-148.
4518:, p. 275-276.
4494:, p. 129-130.
4482:, p. 33, 212.
4422:, p. 235-264.
4393:, p. 25, 316.
4381:, p. 24, 315.
4217:, p. 243-244.
4193:, p. 261-263.
4181:, p. 261-277.
4092:, p. 614-615.
4068:on 3 November 2015
4051:, p. 601-620.
3892:, p. 154-159.
3648:began to improve.
3369:
3354:
3343:
3218:Iranian Revolution
3128:
3104:Christians in Iraq
3077:Church of the East
3038:
2912:Church of the East
2907:Seleucia-Ctesiphon
2814:of the main room.
2701:Council of Ephesus
2675:Diodorus of Tarsus
2649:Church of the East
2641:Council of Ephesus
2598:Church of the East
2106:Church of the East
2061:Oriental Orthodoxy
1961:
1875:, Metropolitan of
1873:Mar Khnanya Dinkha
1869:
1815:Gregorian calendar
1705:Russian Revolution
1641:
1596:
1573:Shimun XVIII Rubil
1546:Chaldean Catholics
1506:
1450:Shimun XIII Dinkha
1443:Shimun XII Yoalaha
1250:
1226:Church of the East
1186:Thomas the Apostle
1158:Church of the East
1154:
1052:Church of the East
984:, and employs the
978:Church of the East
976:of the historical
954:Church of the East
645:Church of the East
509:Early Christianity
36:Church of the East
11436:
11435:
11347:
11346:
11063:
11041:
11040:
11008:Assyrian genocide
10907:Abbasid Caliphate
10729:
10612:
10611:
10479:Assyrian diaspora
10415:
10414:
10381:
10380:
10309:Charta Oecumenica
9819:
9818:
9809:Iglesia ni Cristo
9624:
9623:
9604:French Revolution
9594:Thirty Years' War
9466:Apostolic fathers
9434:Great Commandment
9205:
9204:
9177:Sign of the cross
8987:Turkic Christians
8822:
8821:
8638:
8637:
8560:Assyrian homeland
8548:Assyrian genocide
8324:Ephrem the Syrian
8312:
8311:
8226:Oriental Orthodox
8165:
8164:
8050:
8049:
8033:Oriental Orthodox
7999:Church of Antioch
7951:
7950:
7780:
7592:Qasr and Nahrawan
7067:provinces to 1318
7024:provinces to 1318
6924:
6923:
6916:Sign of the cross
6756:Dialogo Ecumenico
6553:Tisserant, Eugène
5109:978-84-0360-187-1
5100:Aguilar Universal
5080:978-1-78453-683-1
5065:Baumer, Christoph
5017:978-1-877736-00-1
4743:on 4 January 2009
4668:on 8 October 2015
4154:, p. 99-132.
3997:978-1-4051-6658-4
3959:978-1-4051-6658-4
3910:assyrianchurch.dk
3824:
3792:
3686:Pope John Paul II
3678:Pope Benedict XVI
3634:Pope John Paul II
3351:Dimitrov, Armenia
3249:Western countries
3228:by organizing in
3140:Hakkari Mountains
3023:Saint Mary Church
2868:preserved in the
2854:Upper Mesopotamia
2835:biblical prophets
2594:
2593:
2140:Spiritual Russian
2097:
2070:Orthodox Tewahedo
2056:Eastern Orthodoxy
1993:Patriarch Awa III
1885:Church of England
1782:community there.
1780:Assyrian diaspora
1774:before moving to
1768:League of Nations
1657:Caucasus campaign
1645:Assyrian genocide
1611:in the region of
1605:Eastern Orthodoxy
1439:Shimun XI Eshuyow
1172:and northwestern
1170:Upper Mesopotamia
1035:and northwestern
988:belonging to the
966:Eastern Christian
942:
941:
795:
794:
768:Latter Day Saints
753:Iglesia ni Cristo
718:United Protestant
703:Plymouth Brethren
638:Oriental Orthodox
246:
245:
92:Eastern Christian
16:(Redirected from
11471:
11426:
11425:
11414:
11413:
11412:
11059:
11052:
11051:
11026:Post-Saddam Iraq
10852:Nestorian schism
10846:Christianization
10818:(132 BCE–244 CE)
10812:(247 BCE–224 CE)
10772:(609 BCE–240 CE)
10733:
10732:
10723:
10583:East Syriac Rite
10546:West Syriac Rite
10542:
10541:
10523:
10512:
10501:
10442:
10435:
10428:
10419:
10418:
10405:
10404:
10395:
10394:
10238:Environmentalism
10188:Church buildings
10090:
10089:
9905:Eastern Orthodox
9900:Eastern Catholic
9812:
9811:
9779:Eastern Catholic
9757:Eastern Orthodox
9645:
9644:
9566:Age of Discovery
9551:East–West Schism
9449:Great Commission
9380:
9379:
9232:
9225:
9218:
9209:
9208:
8997:East–West Schism
8950:Malankara Church
8867:Byzantine Empire
8835:(circa 1261) in
8830:
8733:
8732:
8665:
8658:
8651:
8642:
8641:
8628:
8627:
8515:Syriac Malayalam
8449:Coorilos Paulose
8374:Isaac the Syrian
8201:Eastern Catholic
8197:
8196:
8180:Malankara Church
8089:Eastern Catholic
8085:
8084:
8008:Eastern Catholic
8004:
8003:
7978:
7971:
7964:
7955:
7954:
7943:
7942:
7831:
7821:
7766:
7749:
7738:
7683:
7678:Shigar and Beth
7627:
7587:Qarta and Adarma
7551:
7511:altha and Hnitha
7510:
7495:Mashkena d'Qurdu
7405:Hormizd Ardashir
7310:Dasqarta d'Malka
7214:
7153:dioceses to 1318
7016:
6951:
6944:
6937:
6928:
6927:
6864:
6857:
6850:
6841:
6840:
6835:
6827:
6826:
6825:
6818:
6810:
6809:
6808:
6801:
6793:
6792:
6791:
6781:
6763:
6753:
6743:
6726:
6705:
6692:The Syriac World
6682:
6661:
6640:
6626:
6624:
6609:
6592:
6575:
6564:
6548:
6525:
6508:
6506:
6504:
6498:
6483:
6473:
6449:
6431:
6421:
6398:
6377:
6354:
6341:
6318:
6295:
6272:
6251:
6241:
6223:
6210:
6186:
6172:
6151:
6130:
6113:
6102:
6081:
6062:
6050:
6036:
6015:
5994:
5961:
5940:
5919:
5893:
5872:
5855:
5845:
5835:
5814:
5790:
5769:
5742:
5719:
5694:
5673:
5642:
5621:
5608:
5584:
5560:
5542:
5529:
5508:
5484:
5463:
5442:
5431:
5410:
5382:
5358:
5344:
5332:
5318:
5304:
5291:
5258:
5257:
5246:
5240:
5234:
5228:
5227:
5220:
5214:
5213:
5206:
5200:
5199:
5197:
5195:
5190:
5182:
5176:
5175:
5153:
5147:
5146:
5144:
5142:
5131:
5125:
5124:
5122:Doctrinas persas
5091:
5085:
5084:
5061:
5052:
5051:
5049:
5047:
5032:
5026:
5025:
5003:
4994:
4993:
4987:
4985:
4980:on 14 April 2020
4976:. Archived from
4966:
4960:
4954:
4948:
4942:
4936:
4930:
4921:
4915:
4909:
4903:
4894:
4888:
4882:
4881:
4879:
4877:
4865:
4859:
4858:
4856:
4854:
4835:
4829:
4828:
4807:
4801:
4791:
4785:
4784:
4762:
4753:
4752:
4750:
4748:
4729:
4723:
4722:
4710:
4704:
4703:
4701:
4699:
4684:
4678:
4677:
4675:
4673:
4658:
4652:
4646:
4637:
4631:
4625:
4619:
4613:
4607:
4601:
4595:
4589:
4583:
4574:
4568:
4555:
4549:
4543:
4537:
4531:
4525:
4519:
4513:
4507:
4506:, p. 35-36.
4501:
4495:
4489:
4483:
4477:
4471:
4465:
4459:
4453:
4447:
4441:
4435:
4429:
4423:
4417:
4406:
4400:
4394:
4388:
4382:
4376:
4370:
4369:, p. 23-24.
4364:
4358:
4352:
4346:
4345:, p. 22-23.
4340:
4334:
4328:
4322:
4316:
4310:
4304:
4298:
4292:
4281:
4280:, p. 24-25.
4275:
4269:
4263:
4257:
4251:
4245:
4239:
4230:
4224:
4218:
4212:
4206:
4200:
4194:
4188:
4182:
4176:
4170:
4164:
4155:
4149:
4143:
4142:, p. 17-28.
4137:
4131:
4125:
4119:
4113:
4107:
4106:
4099:
4093:
4087:
4078:
4077:
4075:
4073:
4058:
4052:
4046:
4040:
4039:
4037:
4035:
4020:
4014:
4008:
4002:
4001:
3973:
3964:
3963:
3935:
3926:
3925:
3923:
3921:
3912:. Archived from
3902:
3893:
3887:
3881:
3880:
3874:
3868:
3867:
3854:
3838:
3837:
3829:
3823:romanized:
3822:
3820:
3815:Classical Syriac
3812:
3806:
3805:
3797:
3791:romanized:
3790:
3788:
3783:Classical Syriac
3780:
3712:
3707:
3706:
3501:and New Zealand.
3171:Shimun XXI Eshai
3042:episcopal polity
2987:
2971:
2947:
2923:
2903:Hermann Gollancz
2884:(in the form of
2875:
2874:
2782:, attributed to
2776:East Syriac Rite
2736:hypostatic union
2586:
2579:
2572:
2472:Antiochian Greek
2118:
2063:
2043:
2020:
2019:
1893:Bishop of London
1843:Shemon IV Basidi
1752:Shimun XXI Eshai
1746:Shimun XXI Eshai
1514:Yohannan Hormizd
1499:
1496:
1424:Shimun IX Dinkha
1408:Abdisho IV Maron
1178:Byzantine Empire
1095:diocesan bishops
998:Classical Syriac
990:East Syriac Rite
934:
927:
920:
903:
748:Christadelphians
678:Free Evangelical
631:Eastern Orthodox
588:
587:
539:East–West Schism
271:
248:
247:
242:
240:Official website
235:Official website
169:East Syriac Rite
102:Syriac Christian
65:
54:
47:
46:
21:
11479:
11478:
11474:
11473:
11472:
11470:
11469:
11468:
11439:
11438:
11437:
11432:
11420:
11410:
11408:
11400:
11343:
11218:
11195:Mardin Province
11058:
11037:
11020:Simele massacre
10954:
10883:
10848:(1st to 3rd c.)
10830:(64 BCE–637 CE)
10824:(66 BCE–217 CE)
10810:Parthian Empire
10804:Seleucid Empire
10796:
10790:
10786:Assyrian tribes
10754:(2025–1364 BCE)
10748:(2600–2025 BCE)
10727:
10725:
10722:
10714:
10671:
10624:
10608:
10577:
10536:
10529:
10528:
10524:
10518:
10517:
10513:
10507:
10506:
10502:
10493:
10462:
10451:
10449:Assyrian people
10446:
10416:
10411:
10389:
10377:
10331:
10286:
10204:
10085:
10079:
10034:
9959:One true church
9815:
9783:
9743:
9632:
9620:
9570:
9527:
9472:
9399:in Christianity
9385:
9371:
9365:
9357:
9316:
9292:
9284:
9241:
9236:
9206:
9201:
9165:
9096:Filioque clause
9069:
9028:
8955:Arab Christians
8877:Proto-orthodoxy
8839:
8831:
8818:
8800:
8769:
8727:
8720:
8674:
8669:
8639:
8634:
8622:
8616:* Defunct with
8608:
8542:Assyrian people
8530:
8463:
8344:Jacob of Serugh
8339:Jacob Baradaeus
8308:
8272:
8251:
8220:
8185:
8183:
8176:
8174:
8161:
8131:
8106:
8072:
8066:
8059:
8046:
8027:
8016:Maronite Church
7996:
7987:
7982:
7952:
7947:
7937:
7931:
7812:Atel and Bohtan
7773:
7769:
7765:
7759:
7572:Prath d'Maishan
7470:Mahoze d'Arewan
7445:Karka d'Maishan
7190:Aoustan d'Arzun
7148:
7066:
7060:
7023:
7017:
7008:
6982:
6964:
6955:
6925:
6920:
6877:
6868:
6838:
6828:
6823:
6821:
6811:
6806:
6804:
6800:from Wiktionary
6794:
6789:
6787:
6784:
6780:sister projects
6777:at Knowledge's
6771:
6766:
6762:(112): 263–282.
6751:
6723:
6702:
6679:
6658:
6622:
6545:
6524:(3–4): 165–190.
6502:
6500:
6496:
6481:
6470:
6429:
6418:
6395:
6374:
6338:
6315:
6292:
6269:
6221:
6207:
6169:
6148:
6099:
6078:
6059:
6041:Jenkins, Philip
6033:
6012:
5958:
5937:
5916:
5890:
5865:L'Orient Syrien
5843:
5832:
5811:
5787:
5766:
5739:
5691:
5670:
5639:
5605:
5581:
5540:
5526:
5505:
5481:
5460:
5428:
5407:
5379:
5288:
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4620:
4616:
4608:
4604:
4596:
4592:
4584:
4577:
4569:
4558:
4550:
4546:
4540:Wilmshurst 2000
4538:
4534:
4528:Wilmshurst 2000
4526:
4522:
4516:Wilmshurst 2000
4514:
4510:
4504:Wilmshurst 2000
4502:
4498:
4490:
4486:
4480:Wilmshurst 2000
4478:
4474:
4468:Wilmshurst 2000
4466:
4462:
4456:Wilmshurst 2000
4454:
4450:
4442:
4438:
4430:
4426:
4418:
4409:
4401:
4397:
4391:Wilmshurst 2000
4389:
4385:
4379:Wilmshurst 2000
4377:
4373:
4367:Wilmshurst 2000
4365:
4361:
4355:Wilmshurst 2000
4353:
4349:
4343:Wilmshurst 2000
4341:
4337:
4331:Wilmshurst 2000
4329:
4325:
4319:Wilmshurst 2000
4317:
4313:
4307:Wilmshurst 2000
4305:
4301:
4295:Wilmshurst 2000
4293:
4284:
4278:Wilmshurst 2000
4276:
4272:
4266:Wilmshurst 2000
4264:
4260:
4254:Wilmshurst 2000
4252:
4248:
4240:
4233:
4225:
4221:
4213:
4209:
4201:
4197:
4189:
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4177:
4173:
4167:Wilmshurst 2000
4165:
4158:
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4146:
4138:
4134:
4126:
4122:
4116:Wilmshurst 2000
4114:
4110:
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4081:
4071:
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4060:
4059:
4055:
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4043:
4033:
4031:
4022:
4021:
4017:
4009:
4005:
3998:
3974:
3967:
3960:
3936:
3929:
3919:
3917:
3904:
3903:
3896:
3888:
3884:
3876:
3875:
3871:
3856:
3855:
3851:
3847:
3842:
3841:
3813:
3809:
3781:
3777:
3772:
3708:
3701:
3698:
3630:
3550:
3362:Greenfield Park
3328:
3277:
3167:Simele massacre
3148:First World War
3112:
3096:Assyrian people
3048:organized into
3016:
3010:
3003:
2988:
2979:
2972:
2963:
2948:
2939:
2924:
2827:spread of Islam
2808:Christian cross
2804:
2794:and later also
2784:Addai of Edessa
2768:Eastern Aramaic
2760:
2752:Babai the Great
2697:Babai the Great
2651:'s traditional
2634:
2608:(325), and the
2590:
2550:
2549:
2536:
2506:
2498:
2497:
2496:
2466:
2458:
2457:
2456:
2431:
2423:
2422:
2421:
2326:
2318:
2317:
2316:
2250:
2242:
2241:
2155:
2145:
2144:
2130:
2122:
2121:
2108:
2051:
2018:
2001:
1995:
1931:
1925:
1857:
1851:
1748:
1742:
1726:British mandate
1625:
1497:
1487:
1435:Shimun X Eliyah
1400:
1312:
1306:
1283:Pope Julius III
1275:Yohannan Sulaqa
1239:Mar Toma church
1232:
1224:Main articles:
1222:
1210:Catholic Church
1190:Addai of Edessa
1139:
1125:(including the
1080:Catholic Church
1066:of Rome is the
1031:, northeastern
1027:, southeastern
1002:Eastern Aramaic
1000:, a dialect of
938:
875:
874:
845:Other religions
805:
797:
796:
585:
584:
564:
563:
484:
483:
463:
462:
396:
386:
385:
346:
345:
327:
326:
292:
291:
238:
230:400,000+ (2021)
222:
75:
55:
43:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
11477:
11467:
11466:
11461:
11456:
11451:
11434:
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11431:
11430:
11418:
11405:
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11399:
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11373:
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11357:
11355:
11349:
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11344:
11342:
11341:
11336:
11335:
11334:
11324:
11322:United Kingdom
11319:
11314:
11309:
11304:
11299:
11294:
11289:
11284:
11279:
11274:
11269:
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11138:
11137:
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11131:
11126:
11116:
11115:
11114:
11109:
11104:
11099:
11098:
11097:
11092:
11087:
11082:
11075:Nineveh Plains
11066:
11064:
11049:
11043:
11042:
11039:
11038:
11036:
11035:
11029:
11023:
11017:
11011:
11005:
11002:Adana massacre
10999:
10993:
10987:
10981:
10978:Schism of 1552
10975:
10972:Ottoman Empire
10969:
10966:Safavid Empire
10962:
10960:
10956:
10955:
10953:
10952:
10946:
10940:
10934:
10928:
10922:
10916:
10913:Emirs of Mosul
10910:
10904:
10898:
10891:
10889:
10885:
10884:
10882:
10881:
10875:
10869:
10855:
10849:
10843:
10837:
10831:
10825:
10819:
10813:
10807:
10800:
10798:
10792:
10791:
10789:
10788:
10783:
10778:
10773:
10767:
10761:
10760:(1363–912 BCE)
10755:
10749:
10742:
10740:
10730:
10716:
10715:
10713:
10712:
10707:
10702:
10697:
10692:
10687:
10681:
10679:
10673:
10672:
10670:
10669:
10664:
10659:
10654:
10649:
10644:
10639:
10634:
10628:
10626:
10614:
10613:
10610:
10609:
10607:
10606:
10600:
10594:
10587:
10585:
10579:
10578:
10576:
10575:
10569:
10563:
10557:
10550:
10548:
10539:
10531:
10530:
10496:
10494:
10492:
10491:
10486:
10481:
10476:
10470:
10468:
10464:
10463:
10456:
10453:
10452:
10445:
10444:
10437:
10430:
10422:
10413:
10412:
10410:
10409:
10399:
10386:
10383:
10382:
10379:
10378:
10376:
10375:
10370:
10365:
10360:
10355:
10350:
10345:
10339:
10337:
10333:
10332:
10330:
10329:
10324:
10323:
10322:
10317:
10312:
10300:
10294:
10292:
10288:
10287:
10285:
10284:
10279:
10274:
10269:
10264:
10255:
10250:
10248:Fundamentalism
10245:
10243:Existentialism
10240:
10235:
10230:
10225:
10220:
10214:
10212:
10206:
10205:
10203:
10202:
10197:
10196:
10195:
10185:
10180:
10175:
10170:
10165:
10160:
10155:
10154:
10153:
10143:
10142:
10141:
10136:
10134:God the Father
10131:
10126:
10121:
10111:
10110:
10109:
10098:
10096:
10087:
10081:
10080:
10078:
10077:
10072:
10067:
10066:
10065:
10055:
10050:
10044:
10042:
10036:
10035:
10033:
10032:
10031:
10030:
10020:
10015:
10014:
10013:
10008:
10003:
9998:
9993:
9988:
9983:
9973:
9972:
9971:
9966:
9961:
9956:
9954:Body of Christ
9951:
9941:
9936:
9931:
9930:
9929:
9919:
9914:
9913:
9912:
9907:
9902:
9897:
9887:
9882:
9877:
9872:
9867:
9862:
9857:
9856:
9855:
9850:
9845:
9840:
9829:
9827:
9821:
9820:
9817:
9816:
9814:
9813:
9804:
9799:
9793:
9791:
9789:Restorationist
9785:
9784:
9782:
9781:
9776:
9771:
9766:
9765:
9764:
9753:
9751:
9745:
9744:
9742:
9741:
9736:
9735:
9734:
9729:
9724:
9719:
9714:
9709:
9704:
9699:
9694:
9689:
9684:
9679:
9669:
9664:
9659:
9653:
9651:
9642:
9626:
9625:
9622:
9621:
9619:
9618:
9617:
9616:
9606:
9601:
9596:
9591:
9586:
9580:
9578:
9572:
9571:
9569:
9568:
9563:
9558:
9553:
9548:
9543:
9537:
9535:
9529:
9528:
9526:
9525:
9520:
9515:
9514:
9513:
9508:
9498:
9493:
9491:Late antiquity
9488:
9482:
9480:
9474:
9473:
9471:
9470:
9469:
9468:
9461:Church fathers
9458:
9453:
9452:
9451:
9446:
9441:
9436:
9431:
9426:
9421:
9416:
9411:
9406:
9401:
9390:
9388:
9377:
9359:
9358:
9356:
9355:
9350:
9345:
9340:
9335:
9330:
9324:
9322:
9318:
9317:
9315:
9314:
9309:
9304:
9298:
9296:
9286:
9285:
9283:
9282:
9277:
9272:
9267:
9262:
9257:
9252:
9246:
9243:
9242:
9235:
9234:
9227:
9220:
9212:
9203:
9202:
9200:
9199:
9194:
9189:
9184:
9182:Divine Liturgy
9179:
9173:
9171:
9167:
9166:
9164:
9163:
9158:
9153:
9148:
9143:
9138:
9133:
9128:
9123:
9118:
9113:
9108:
9103:
9098:
9093:
9088:
9083:
9077:
9075:
9071:
9070:
9068:
9067:
9062:
9057:
9052:
9047:
9042:
9036:
9034:
9030:
9029:
9027:
9026:
9025:
9024:
9023:
9022:
9017:
9012:
9004:
8999:
8989:
8984:
8979:
8974:
8973:
8972:
8967:
8962:
8952:
8943:
8942:
8941:
8931:
8930:
8929:
8924:
8919:
8909:
8908:
8907:
8902:
8897:
8892:
8884:
8879:
8874:
8869:
8860:
8855:
8849:
8847:
8841:
8840:
8825:
8823:
8820:
8819:
8817:
8816:
8810:
8808:
8802:
8801:
8799:
8798:
8793:
8788:
8783:
8777:
8775:
8771:
8770:
8768:
8767:
8762:
8757:
8752:
8747:
8741:
8739:
8730:
8722:
8721:
8697:Eastern Europe
8679:
8676:
8675:
8668:
8667:
8660:
8653:
8645:
8636:
8635:
8633:
8632:
8620:
8618:schism of 1552
8613:
8610:
8609:
8607:
8606:
8601:
8596:
8595:
8594:
8589:
8579:
8578:
8577:
8572:
8567:
8557:
8552:
8551:
8550:
8538:
8536:
8532:
8531:
8529:
8528:
8522:
8517:
8512:
8507:
8502:
8497:
8492:
8487:
8482:
8477:
8471:
8469:
8465:
8464:
8462:
8461:
8456:
8451:
8446:
8441:
8436:
8431:
8429:Cyril VI Tanas
8426:
8421:
8416:
8411:
8406:
8401:
8396:
8391:
8386:
8381:
8376:
8371:
8369:Thomas of Cana
8366:
8361:
8356:
8351:
8346:
8341:
8336:
8331:
8326:
8320:
8318:
8314:
8313:
8310:
8309:
8307:
8306:
8300:
8294:
8287:
8285:
8274:
8273:
8271:
8270:
8263:
8261:
8253:
8252:
8250:
8249:
8243:
8237:
8230:
8228:
8222:
8221:
8219:
8218:
8212:
8205:
8203:
8194:
8167:
8166:
8163:
8162:
8160:
8159:
8153:
8146:
8144:
8133:
8132:
8130:
8129:
8123:
8116:
8114:
8108:
8107:
8105:
8104:
8093:
8091:
8082:
8052:
8051:
8048:
8047:
8045:
8044:
8037:
8035:
8029:
8028:
8026:
8025:
8019:
8012:
8010:
8001:
7989:
7988:
7981:
7980:
7973:
7966:
7958:
7949:
7948:
7936:
7933:
7932:
7930:
7929:
7924:
7919:
7914:
7909:
7904:
7899:
7894:
7889:
7884:
7879:
7874:
7869:
7864:
7859:
7854:
7849:
7844:
7839:
7834:
7824:
7814:
7809:
7804:
7799:
7794:
7789:
7783:
7781:
7761:
7760:
7758:
7757:
7752:
7744:Yemen and Sana
7741:
7731:
7726:
7721:
7716:
7711:
7706:
7701:
7696:
7691:
7686:
7675:
7670:
7665:
7660:
7658:Shahpur Khwast
7655:
7650:
7645:
7640:
7635:
7630:
7619:
7614:
7609:
7604:
7599:
7594:
7589:
7584:
7579:
7574:
7569:
7564:
7559:
7554:
7543:
7538:
7533:
7528:
7523:
7518:
7513:
7502:
7497:
7492:
7487:
7482:
7477:
7472:
7467:
7462:
7457:
7452:
7447:
7442:
7437:
7432:
7427:
7422:
7417:
7412:
7407:
7402:
7397:
7392:
7387:
7382:
7377:
7372:
7367:
7362:
7357:
7352:
7347:
7342:
7337:
7332:
7327:
7322:
7317:
7312:
7307:
7302:
7297:
7292:
7287:
7282:
7277:
7272:
7267:
7262:
7257:
7252:
7247:
7242:
7237:
7232:
7227:
7222:
7217:
7207:
7202:
7197:
7192:
7187:
7182:
7177:
7172:
7167:
7162:
7156:
7154:
7150:
7149:
7147:
7146:
7141:
7136:
7131:
7126:
7121:
7116:
7111:
7106:
7101:
7096:
7091:
7086:
7081:
7076:
7070:
7068:
7062:
7061:
7059:
7058:
7053:
7048:
7043:
7038:
7033:
7027:
7025:
7019:
7018:
7011:
7009:
7007:
7006:
7001:
6996:
6990:
6988:
6984:
6983:
6980:schism of 1552
6969:
6966:
6965:
6954:
6953:
6946:
6939:
6931:
6922:
6921:
6919:
6918:
6913:
6908:
6903:
6898:
6893:
6888:
6882:
6879:
6878:
6867:
6866:
6859:
6852:
6844:
6837:
6836:
6819:
6802:
6773:
6770:
6769:External links
6767:
6765:
6764:
6744:
6727:
6721:
6706:
6700:
6683:
6677:
6662:
6656:
6641:
6627:
6610:
6593:
6576:
6565:
6549:
6543:
6526:
6509:
6474:
6468:
6454:Nichols, Aidan
6450:
6440:(3): 412–428.
6422:
6416:
6399:
6393:
6378:
6372:
6355:
6342:
6336:
6319:
6313:
6296:
6290:
6273:
6267:
6252:
6232:(2): 235–264.
6211:
6205:
6187:
6173:
6167:
6152:
6146:
6131:
6114:
6103:
6097:
6082:
6077:978-9004116412
6076:
6063:
6057:
6037:
6031:
6016:
6010:
5995:
5977:(3): 129–142.
5962:
5956:
5941:
5935:
5920:
5914:
5894:
5888:
5873:
5856:
5836:
5830:
5815:
5809:
5791:
5785:
5770:
5764:
5743:
5737:
5720:
5710:(3): 179–198.
5695:
5689:
5674:
5668:
5643:
5637:
5622:
5609:
5603:
5585:
5579:
5561:
5530:
5524:
5509:
5503:
5485:
5479:
5464:
5458:
5443:
5432:
5426:
5411:
5405:
5383:
5377:
5359:
5345:
5333:
5319:
5305:
5292:
5286:
5272:Aboona, Hirmis
5267:
5265:
5262:
5260:
5259:
5241:
5229:
5215:
5210:"Our Churches"
5201:
5177:
5166:
5148:
5126:
5108:
5098:. Collection "
5086:
5079:
5053:
5027:
5016:
4995:
4961:
4959:, p. 339.
4949:
4937:
4922:
4920:, p. 107.
4910:
4895:
4893:, p. 293.
4883:
4860:
4830:
4820:
4802:
4786:
4782:50,000-70,000.
4775:
4754:
4724:
4705:
4694:on 24 May 2015
4679:
4653:
4638:
4636:, p. 252.
4626:
4624:, p. 149.
4614:
4602:
4590:
4588:, p. 144.
4575:
4573:, p. 354.
4556:
4544:
4532:
4530:, p. 324.
4520:
4508:
4496:
4484:
4472:
4460:
4448:
4436:
4424:
4407:
4395:
4383:
4371:
4359:
4347:
4335:
4333:, p. 263.
4323:
4311:
4299:
4282:
4270:
4258:
4246:
4244:, p. 473.
4231:
4219:
4207:
4195:
4191:Tisserant 1931
4183:
4171:
4156:
4144:
4132:
4120:
4108:
4094:
4079:
4053:
4041:
4015:
4003:
3996:
3965:
3958:
3927:
3916:on 2 July 2020
3894:
3882:
3869:
3848:
3846:
3843:
3840:
3839:
3807:
3774:
3773:
3771:
3768:
3767:
3766:
3761:
3756:
3751:
3746:
3741:
3736:
3731:
3726:
3720:
3714:
3713:
3697:
3694:
3636:took place in
3629:
3626:
3625:
3624:
3621:
3618:
3612:
3600:
3599:
3596:
3593:
3590:
3587:
3584:
3581:
3578:
3575:
3569:
3563:
3553:As of May 2024
3549:
3546:
3545:
3544:
3533:
3506:United Kingdom
3502:
3495:
3476:
3465:
3434:
3415:
3392:
3385:
3327:
3324:
3323:
3322:
3308:
3281:
3276:
3273:
3173:was exiled to
3144:Ottoman Empire
3124:Ottoman Empire
3111:
3108:
3009:
3006:
3005:
3004:
2989:
2982:
2980:
2973:
2966:
2964:
2960:Mary Magdalene
2949:
2942:
2940:
2925:
2918:
2803:
2800:
2759:
2756:
2740:prosopic union
2643:(431) and the
2633:
2630:
2592:
2591:
2589:
2588:
2581:
2574:
2566:
2563:
2562:
2561:
2560:
2552:
2551:
2548:
2547:
2542:
2535:
2534:
2529:
2524:
2522:Divine Liturgy
2519:
2514:
2508:
2507:
2504:
2503:
2500:
2499:
2495:
2494:
2489:
2484:
2479:
2474:
2468:
2467:
2464:
2463:
2460:
2459:
2455:
2454:
2449:
2444:
2439:
2433:
2432:
2429:
2428:
2425:
2424:
2420:
2419:
2414:
2409:
2404:
2399:
2394:
2389:
2384:
2379:
2374:
2369:
2367:Three Chapters
2364:
2359:
2354:
2349:
2344:
2339:
2334:
2328:
2327:
2324:
2323:
2320:
2319:
2315:
2314:
2309:
2308:
2307:
2297:
2292:
2287:
2286:
2285:
2280:
2270:
2269:
2268:
2263:
2252:
2251:
2248:
2247:
2244:
2243:
2240:
2239:
2234:
2231:
2226:
2221:
2218:
2213:
2208:
2203:
2198:
2193:
2188:
2183:
2180:
2177:
2172:
2167:
2162:
2156:
2151:
2150:
2147:
2146:
2143:
2142:
2137:
2131:
2128:
2127:
2124:
2123:
2120:
2119:
2103:
2098:
2058:
2052:
2049:
2048:
2045:
2044:
2036:
2035:
2029:
2028:
2017:
2014:
1997:Main article:
1994:
1991:
1989:, and Turkey.
1927:Main article:
1924:
1921:
1853:Main article:
1850:
1847:
1744:Main article:
1741:
1738:
1681:Russian Empire
1677:United Kingdom
1624:
1621:
1583:to attend the
1563:warlords, who
1486:
1483:
1477:), while each
1412:full communion
1399:
1396:
1305:
1302:
1230:Schism of 1552
1221:
1218:
1176:, east of the
1138:
1135:
1019:, in northern
940:
939:
937:
936:
929:
922:
914:
911:
910:
909:
908:
896:
895:
890:
885:
877:
876:
873:
872:
867:
862:
857:
852:
847:
842:
837:
832:
827:
822:
817:
812:
806:
804:Related topics
803:
802:
799:
798:
793:
792:
791:
790:
785:
780:
775:
770:
765:
760:
755:
750:
742:
741:
739:Restorationist
735:
734:
733:
732:
731:
730:
725:
720:
715:
710:
705:
700:
695:
690:
685:
680:
675:
670:
665:
660:
648:
641:
634:
627:
622:
617:
616:
615:
610:
595:
594:
586:
583:
582:
577:
571:
570:
569:
566:
565:
562:
561:
556:
551:
546:
541:
536:
531:
526:
521:
516:
514:Church Fathers
511:
506:
501:
496:
491:
485:
482:
481:
476:
470:
469:
468:
465:
464:
461:
460:
455:
450:
445:
440:
435:
430:
425:
424:
423:
418:
413:
403:
397:
392:
391:
388:
387:
384:
383:
378:
373:
368:
363:
358:
353:
347:
344:
343:
340:
334:
333:
332:
329:
328:
325:
324:
319:
314:
309:
304:
299:
293:
290:
289:
284:
278:
277:
276:
273:
272:
264:
263:
257:
256:
244:
243:
236:
232:
231:
228:
224:
223:
221:
220:
214:
207:
205:
201:
200:
194:
190:
189:
176:
172:
171:
166:
162:
161:
152:
148:
147:
133:
129:
128:
123:
113:
112:
109:
105:
104:
99:
95:
94:
89:
88:Classification
85:
84:
81:
77:
76:
66:
58:
57:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
11476:
11465:
11462:
11460:
11457:
11455:
11452:
11450:
11447:
11446:
11444:
11429:
11424:
11419:
11417:
11407:
11406:
11403:
11397:
11394:
11392:
11389:
11387:
11384:
11382:
11379:
11377:
11374:
11372:
11369:
11367:
11364:
11362:
11359:
11358:
11356:
11354:
11350:
11340:
11337:
11333:
11330:
11329:
11328:
11327:United States
11325:
11323:
11320:
11318:
11315:
11313:
11310:
11308:
11305:
11303:
11300:
11298:
11295:
11293:
11290:
11288:
11285:
11283:
11280:
11278:
11275:
11273:
11270:
11268:
11265:
11263:
11260:
11258:
11255:
11253:
11250:
11248:
11245:
11243:
11240:
11238:
11235:
11233:
11230:
11229:
11227:
11225:
11221:
11211:
11208:
11206:
11203:
11201:
11198:
11197:
11196:
11193:
11191:
11188:
11186:
11183:
11181:
11178:
11177:
11176:
11173:
11169:
11166:
11162:
11159:
11157:
11154:
11152:
11149:
11148:
11147:
11144:
11143:
11142:
11139:
11135:
11132:
11130:
11127:
11125:
11122:
11121:
11120:
11117:
11113:
11110:
11108:
11105:
11103:
11100:
11096:
11093:
11091:
11088:
11086:
11083:
11081:
11078:
11077:
11076:
11073:
11072:
11071:
11068:
11067:
11065:
11062:
11057:
11053:
11050:
11048:
11044:
11033:
11030:
11027:
11024:
11021:
11018:
11015:
11012:
11009:
11006:
11003:
11000:
10997:
10994:
10991:
10988:
10985:
10982:
10979:
10976:
10973:
10970:
10967:
10964:
10963:
10961:
10957:
10950:
10947:
10944:
10941:
10938:
10935:
10932:
10929:
10926:
10923:
10920:
10919:Buyid amirate
10917:
10914:
10911:
10908:
10905:
10902:
10899:
10896:
10893:
10892:
10890:
10886:
10879:
10876:
10873:
10870:
10867:
10863:
10859:
10856:
10853:
10850:
10847:
10844:
10841:
10840:Roman Assyria
10838:
10835:
10832:
10829:
10826:
10823:
10820:
10817:
10814:
10811:
10808:
10805:
10802:
10801:
10799:
10793:
10787:
10784:
10782:
10779:
10777:
10774:
10771:
10768:
10766:(911–609 BCE)
10765:
10762:
10759:
10756:
10753:
10750:
10747:
10744:
10743:
10741:
10739:
10734:
10731:
10721:
10717:
10711:
10708:
10706:
10703:
10701:
10698:
10696:
10693:
10691:
10688:
10686:
10683:
10682:
10680:
10678:
10674:
10668:
10667:Syriac script
10665:
10663:
10660:
10658:
10655:
10653:
10650:
10648:
10645:
10643:
10640:
10638:
10635:
10633:
10630:
10629:
10627:
10623:
10619:
10615:
10604:
10601:
10598:
10595:
10592:
10589:
10588:
10586:
10584:
10580:
10573:
10570:
10567:
10564:
10561:
10558:
10555:
10552:
10551:
10549:
10547:
10543:
10540:
10538:
10532:
10527:
10526:Chaldean flag
10522:
10516:
10511:
10505:
10504:Assyrian flag
10500:
10490:
10487:
10485:
10482:
10480:
10477:
10475:
10472:
10471:
10469:
10465:
10460:
10454:
10450:
10443:
10438:
10436:
10431:
10429:
10424:
10423:
10420:
10408:
10400:
10398:
10393:
10388:
10387:
10384:
10374:
10371:
10369:
10366:
10364:
10361:
10359:
10356:
10354:
10351:
10349:
10346:
10344:
10341:
10340:
10338:
10334:
10328:
10325:
10321:
10318:
10316:
10313:
10311:
10310:
10306:
10305:
10304:
10301:
10299:
10296:
10295:
10293:
10289:
10283:
10280:
10278:
10275:
10273:
10270:
10268:
10265:
10263:
10259:
10256:
10254:
10251:
10249:
10246:
10244:
10241:
10239:
10236:
10234:
10231:
10229:
10226:
10224:
10221:
10219:
10216:
10215:
10213:
10211:
10207:
10201:
10198:
10194:
10191:
10190:
10189:
10186:
10184:
10183:Popular piety
10181:
10179:
10176:
10174:
10171:
10169:
10166:
10164:
10161:
10159:
10156:
10152:
10149:
10148:
10147:
10144:
10140:
10137:
10135:
10132:
10130:
10127:
10125:
10122:
10120:
10117:
10116:
10115:
10112:
10108:
10105:
10104:
10103:
10100:
10099:
10097:
10095:
10091:
10088:
10082:
10076:
10073:
10071:
10068:
10064:
10061:
10060:
10059:
10056:
10054:
10051:
10049:
10046:
10045:
10043:
10041:
10037:
10029:
10026:
10025:
10024:
10021:
10019:
10016:
10012:
10009:
10007:
10004:
10002:
9999:
9997:
9994:
9992:
9989:
9987:
9984:
9982:
9979:
9978:
9977:
9974:
9970:
9967:
9965:
9964:People of God
9962:
9960:
9957:
9955:
9952:
9950:
9947:
9946:
9945:
9942:
9940:
9937:
9935:
9932:
9928:
9925:
9924:
9923:
9920:
9918:
9915:
9911:
9908:
9906:
9903:
9901:
9898:
9896:
9893:
9892:
9891:
9888:
9886:
9883:
9881:
9878:
9876:
9873:
9871:
9868:
9866:
9863:
9861:
9858:
9854:
9851:
9849:
9846:
9844:
9841:
9839:
9836:
9835:
9834:
9831:
9830:
9828:
9826:
9822:
9810:
9805:
9803:
9800:
9798:
9795:
9794:
9792:
9790:
9786:
9780:
9777:
9775:
9772:
9770:
9767:
9763:
9760:
9759:
9758:
9755:
9754:
9752:
9750:
9746:
9740:
9737:
9733:
9730:
9728:
9725:
9723:
9720:
9718:
9715:
9713:
9710:
9708:
9705:
9703:
9700:
9698:
9695:
9693:
9690:
9688:
9685:
9683:
9680:
9678:
9675:
9674:
9673:
9670:
9668:
9665:
9663:
9660:
9658:
9655:
9654:
9652:
9650:
9646:
9643:
9640:
9636:
9631:
9630:Denominations
9627:
9615:
9612:
9611:
9610:
9607:
9605:
9602:
9600:
9599:Enlightenment
9597:
9595:
9592:
9590:
9587:
9585:
9582:
9581:
9579:
9577:
9573:
9567:
9564:
9562:
9559:
9557:
9554:
9552:
9549:
9547:
9544:
9542:
9539:
9538:
9536:
9534:
9530:
9524:
9521:
9519:
9516:
9512:
9509:
9507:
9504:
9503:
9502:
9499:
9497:
9494:
9492:
9489:
9487:
9484:
9483:
9481:
9479:
9475:
9467:
9464:
9463:
9462:
9459:
9457:
9454:
9450:
9447:
9445:
9442:
9440:
9437:
9435:
9432:
9430:
9427:
9425:
9422:
9420:
9417:
9415:
9412:
9410:
9407:
9405:
9402:
9400:
9397:
9396:
9395:
9392:
9391:
9389:
9387:
9381:
9378:
9375:
9369:
9364:
9360:
9354:
9351:
9349:
9346:
9344:
9341:
9339:
9336:
9334:
9331:
9329:
9326:
9325:
9323:
9319:
9313:
9312:New Testament
9310:
9308:
9307:Old Testament
9305:
9303:
9300:
9299:
9297:
9295:
9291:
9287:
9281:
9278:
9276:
9273:
9271:
9268:
9266:
9263:
9261:
9258:
9256:
9253:
9251:
9248:
9247:
9244:
9240:
9233:
9228:
9226:
9221:
9219:
9214:
9213:
9210:
9198:
9195:
9193:
9190:
9188:
9185:
9183:
9180:
9178:
9175:
9174:
9172:
9168:
9162:
9159:
9157:
9154:
9152:
9149:
9147:
9144:
9142:
9139:
9137:
9134:
9132:
9129:
9127:
9124:
9122:
9119:
9117:
9114:
9112:
9109:
9107:
9104:
9102:
9099:
9097:
9094:
9092:
9089:
9087:
9084:
9082:
9079:
9078:
9076:
9072:
9066:
9063:
9061:
9058:
9056:
9053:
9051:
9050:New Testament
9048:
9046:
9045:Old Testament
9043:
9041:
9038:
9037:
9035:
9031:
9021:
9018:
9016:
9013:
9011:
9008:
9007:
9005:
9003:
9000:
8998:
8995:
8994:
8993:
8990:
8988:
8985:
8983:
8980:
8978:
8975:
8971:
8968:
8966:
8963:
8961:
8958:
8957:
8956:
8953:
8951:
8947:
8944:
8940:
8937:
8936:
8935:
8932:
8928:
8925:
8923:
8920:
8918:
8915:
8914:
8913:
8910:
8906:
8903:
8901:
8898:
8896:
8893:
8891:
8888:
8887:
8885:
8883:
8880:
8878:
8875:
8873:
8870:
8868:
8864:
8861:
8859:
8856:
8854:
8851:
8850:
8848:
8846:
8842:
8838:
8834:
8829:
8815:
8812:
8811:
8809:
8807:
8806:Protestantism
8803:
8797:
8794:
8792:
8789:
8787:
8784:
8782:
8781:Old Believers
8779:
8778:
8776:
8772:
8766:
8763:
8761:
8758:
8756:
8753:
8751:
8748:
8746:
8743:
8742:
8740:
8738:
8734:
8731:
8729:
8723:
8718:
8714:
8710:
8706:
8702:
8698:
8694:
8690:
8686:
8682:
8681:Cultural area
8677:
8673:
8666:
8661:
8659:
8654:
8652:
8647:
8646:
8643:
8631:
8626:
8621:
8619:
8615:
8614:
8611:
8605:
8602:
8600:
8597:
8593:
8592:Phoenicianism
8590:
8588:
8585:
8584:
8583:
8580:
8576:
8573:
8571:
8568:
8566:
8563:
8562:
8561:
8558:
8556:
8553:
8549:
8546:
8545:
8543:
8540:
8539:
8537:
8533:
8526:
8523:
8521:
8518:
8516:
8513:
8511:
8508:
8506:
8503:
8501:
8498:
8496:
8493:
8491:
8488:
8486:
8483:
8481:
8478:
8476:
8473:
8472:
8470:
8466:
8460:
8457:
8455:
8452:
8450:
8447:
8445:
8442:
8440:
8437:
8435:
8432:
8430:
8427:
8425:
8422:
8420:
8417:
8415:
8412:
8410:
8407:
8405:
8402:
8400:
8397:
8395:
8392:
8390:
8387:
8385:
8382:
8380:
8377:
8375:
8372:
8370:
8367:
8365:
8362:
8360:
8357:
8355:
8352:
8350:
8347:
8345:
8342:
8340:
8337:
8335:
8332:
8330:
8327:
8325:
8322:
8321:
8319:
8315:
8304:
8301:
8298:
8295:
8292:
8289:
8288:
8286:
8283:
8279:
8275:
8268:
8265:
8264:
8262:
8259:
8254:
8247:
8244:
8241:
8238:
8235:
8232:
8231:
8229:
8227:
8223:
8216:
8213:
8210:
8207:
8206:
8204:
8202:
8198:
8195:
8193:
8189:
8182:
8181:
8172:
8168:
8157:
8154:
8151:
8148:
8147:
8145:
8142:
8138:
8134:
8127:
8124:
8121:
8118:
8117:
8115:
8113:
8109:
8102:
8098:
8095:
8094:
8092:
8090:
8086:
8083:
8080:
8076:
8070:
8065:
8064:
8057:
8053:
8042:
8039:
8038:
8036:
8034:
8030:
8023:
8020:
8017:
8014:
8013:
8011:
8009:
8005:
8002:
8000:
7994:
7990:
7986:
7979:
7974:
7972:
7967:
7965:
7960:
7959:
7956:
7946:
7941:
7934:
7928:
7925:
7923:
7920:
7918:
7915:
7913:
7910:
7908:
7905:
7903:
7900:
7898:
7895:
7893:
7890:
7888:
7885:
7883:
7880:
7878:
7875:
7873:
7870:
7868:
7865:
7863:
7860:
7858:
7855:
7853:
7850:
7848:
7845:
7843:
7840:
7838:
7835:
7833:
7830:
7825:
7823:
7820:
7815:
7813:
7810:
7808:
7805:
7803:
7800:
7798:
7795:
7793:
7790:
7788:
7785:
7784:
7782:
7779:
7777:
7772:
7762:
7756:
7753:
7751:
7748:
7742:
7740:
7737:
7732:
7730:
7727:
7725:
7722:
7720:
7717:
7715:
7712:
7710:
7707:
7705:
7702:
7700:
7697:
7695:
7692:
7690:
7687:
7685:
7682:
7676:
7674:
7671:
7669:
7666:
7664:
7661:
7659:
7656:
7654:
7651:
7649:
7646:
7644:
7641:
7639:
7636:
7634:
7631:
7629:
7626:
7620:
7618:
7615:
7613:
7610:
7608:
7605:
7603:
7600:
7598:
7595:
7593:
7590:
7588:
7585:
7583:
7580:
7578:
7575:
7573:
7570:
7568:
7565:
7563:
7560:
7558:
7555:
7553:
7550:
7544:
7542:
7539:
7537:
7534:
7532:
7529:
7527:
7526:Mihraganqadaq
7524:
7522:
7519:
7517:
7514:
7512:
7509:
7503:
7501:
7498:
7496:
7493:
7491:
7488:
7486:
7483:
7481:
7478:
7476:
7473:
7471:
7468:
7466:
7463:
7461:
7458:
7456:
7453:
7451:
7448:
7446:
7443:
7441:
7440:Karka d'Ledan
7438:
7436:
7433:
7431:
7428:
7426:
7423:
7421:
7418:
7416:
7413:
7411:
7408:
7406:
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7401:
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7388:
7386:
7383:
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7378:
7376:
7373:
7371:
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7356:
7353:
7351:
7348:
7346:
7343:
7341:
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7336:
7333:
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7328:
7326:
7323:
7321:
7318:
7316:
7313:
7311:
7308:
7306:
7303:
7301:
7298:
7296:
7293:
7291:
7288:
7286:
7283:
7281:
7278:
7276:
7273:
7271:
7268:
7266:
7263:
7261:
7258:
7256:
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7251:
7248:
7246:
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7241:
7238:
7236:
7233:
7231:
7228:
7226:
7223:
7221:
7218:
7216:
7213:
7208:
7206:
7203:
7201:
7198:
7196:
7193:
7191:
7188:
7186:
7183:
7181:
7178:
7176:
7173:
7171:
7168:
7166:
7163:
7161:
7158:
7157:
7155:
7151:
7145:
7142:
7140:
7137:
7135:
7132:
7130:
7127:
7125:
7124:Katai and Ong
7122:
7120:
7117:
7115:
7112:
7110:
7107:
7105:
7102:
7100:
7097:
7095:
7092:
7090:
7087:
7085:
7082:
7080:
7077:
7075:
7072:
7071:
7069:
7063:
7057:
7054:
7052:
7049:
7047:
7044:
7042:
7039:
7037:
7034:
7032:
7029:
7028:
7026:
7020:
7015:
7005:
7002:
7000:
6997:
6995:
6992:
6991:
6989:
6985:
6981:
6977:
6973:
6967:
6963:
6959:
6952:
6947:
6945:
6940:
6938:
6933:
6932:
6929:
6917:
6914:
6912:
6909:
6907:
6904:
6902:
6899:
6897:
6894:
6892:
6889:
6887:
6884:
6883:
6880:
6876:
6872:
6865:
6860:
6858:
6853:
6851:
6846:
6845:
6842:
6834:from Wikidata
6833:
6832:
6820:
6816:
6815:
6803:
6799:
6798:
6786:
6785:
6782:
6776:
6761:
6757:
6750:
6745:
6741:
6737:
6733:
6728:
6724:
6722:9789198154160
6718:
6714:
6713:
6707:
6703:
6701:9781138899018
6697:
6693:
6689:
6684:
6680:
6678:9781907318047
6674:
6670:
6669:
6663:
6659:
6657:9789042908765
6653:
6649:
6648:
6642:
6638:
6637:
6632:
6628:
6621:
6620:
6615:
6611:
6607:
6603:
6599:
6594:
6591:(4): 261–278.
6590:
6586:
6582:
6577:
6573:
6572:
6566:
6562:
6558:
6554:
6550:
6546:
6544:9789004293816
6540:
6536:
6532:
6527:
6523:
6519:
6515:
6510:
6495:
6491:
6487:
6480:
6475:
6471:
6469:9781586172824
6465:
6461:
6460:
6455:
6451:
6447:
6443:
6439:
6435:
6428:
6423:
6419:
6417:9789042930469
6413:
6409:
6405:
6400:
6396:
6394:9789042930797
6390:
6386:
6385:
6379:
6375:
6373:9789004257856
6369:
6365:
6361:
6356:
6352:
6348:
6343:
6339:
6337:9781607241119
6333:
6329:
6325:
6320:
6316:
6314:9783447057875
6310:
6306:
6302:
6297:
6293:
6291:9783447054843
6287:
6283:
6279:
6274:
6270:
6268:9789062589814
6264:
6260:
6259:
6253:
6249:
6245:
6240:
6235:
6231:
6227:
6220:
6216:
6212:
6208:
6206:9788190220507
6202:
6198:
6197:
6192:
6191:Mooken, Aprem
6188:
6184:
6183:
6178:
6177:Mooken, Aprem
6174:
6170:
6168:9780521811132
6164:
6160:
6159:
6153:
6149:
6147:9789198344127
6143:
6139:
6138:
6132:
6128:
6124:
6120:
6115:
6111:
6110:
6104:
6100:
6098:9780415455169
6094:
6090:
6089:
6083:
6079:
6073:
6069:
6064:
6060:
6058:9780061472800
6054:
6049:
6048:
6042:
6038:
6034:
6032:9783643506160
6028:
6024:
6023:
6017:
6013:
6011:9781317818663
6007:
6003:
6002:
5996:
5992:
5988:
5984:
5980:
5976:
5972:
5968:
5963:
5959:
5957:9780919891906
5953:
5949:
5948:
5942:
5938:
5936:9783882260809
5932:
5928:
5927:
5921:
5917:
5915:9788871580241
5911:
5907:
5903:
5899:
5895:
5891:
5889:9783170176683
5885:
5881:
5880:
5874:
5870:
5866:
5862:
5857:
5853:
5849:
5842:
5837:
5833:
5831:9780521027007
5827:
5823:
5822:
5816:
5812:
5810:9783515057189
5806:
5802:
5801:
5796:
5792:
5788:
5786:9780192802903
5782:
5778:
5777:
5771:
5767:
5765:9783447043809
5761:
5757:
5753:
5749:
5744:
5740:
5738:9789042907355
5734:
5730:
5726:
5721:
5717:
5713:
5709:
5705:
5701:
5696:
5692:
5690:9780198267447
5686:
5682:
5681:
5675:
5671:
5669:9781118325216
5665:
5661:
5657:
5653:
5649:
5644:
5640:
5638:9780913573815
5634:
5630:
5629:
5623:
5619:
5615:
5610:
5606:
5604:9780754659082
5600:
5596:
5595:
5590:
5586:
5582:
5580:9780815330714
5576:
5572:
5571:
5566:
5562:
5558:
5554:
5550:
5546:
5539:
5535:
5531:
5527:
5525:9780521667388
5521:
5517:
5516:
5510:
5506:
5504:9781107432987
5500:
5496:
5495:
5490:
5486:
5482:
5480:9781463211059
5476:
5472:
5471:
5465:
5461:
5459:9780226145310
5455:
5451:
5450:
5444:
5440:
5439:
5433:
5429:
5427:9781845111151
5423:
5419:
5418:
5412:
5408:
5406:9781134430192
5402:
5398:
5397:
5392:
5388:
5387:Baum, Wilhelm
5384:
5380:
5378:9780790544823
5374:
5370:
5369:
5364:
5360:
5356:
5355:
5350:
5346:
5342:
5338:
5334:
5330:
5329:
5324:
5320:
5316:
5315:
5310:
5306:
5302:
5298:
5293:
5289:
5287:9781604975833
5283:
5279:
5278:
5273:
5269:
5268:
5255:
5251:
5245:
5239:, p. 18.
5238:
5233:
5225:
5219:
5211:
5205:
5187:
5181:
5174:
5169:
5167:9780313321092
5163:
5159:
5152:
5136:
5130:
5123:
5119:
5115:
5111:
5105:
5101:
5097:
5090:
5082:
5076:
5072:
5071:
5066:
5060:
5058:
5042:
5038:
5031:
5024:
5019:
5013:
5009:
5002:
5000:
4992:
4979:
4975:
4971:
4965:
4958:
4953:
4946:
4941:
4935:, p. 79.
4934:
4929:
4927:
4919:
4914:
4907:
4902:
4900:
4892:
4887:
4871:
4864:
4848:
4844:
4840:
4834:
4827:
4823:
4821:9781438126968
4817:
4813:
4806:
4799:
4795:
4790:
4783:
4778:
4776:9780852446331
4772:
4768:
4761:
4759:
4742:
4738:
4734:
4728:
4720:
4716:
4709:
4693:
4689:
4683:
4667:
4663:
4657:
4650:
4645:
4643:
4635:
4630:
4623:
4618:
4611:
4606:
4599:
4594:
4587:
4582:
4580:
4572:
4567:
4565:
4563:
4561:
4553:
4548:
4541:
4536:
4529:
4524:
4517:
4512:
4505:
4500:
4493:
4488:
4481:
4476:
4469:
4464:
4457:
4452:
4445:
4440:
4433:
4428:
4421:
4416:
4414:
4412:
4404:
4399:
4392:
4387:
4380:
4375:
4368:
4363:
4357:, p. 23.
4356:
4351:
4344:
4339:
4332:
4327:
4320:
4315:
4308:
4303:
4297:, p. 25.
4296:
4291:
4289:
4287:
4279:
4274:
4268:, p. 24.
4267:
4262:
4255:
4250:
4243:
4238:
4236:
4228:
4223:
4216:
4211:
4205:, p. 37.
4204:
4199:
4192:
4187:
4180:
4175:
4169:, p. 22.
4168:
4163:
4161:
4153:
4148:
4141:
4136:
4129:
4124:
4117:
4112:
4104:
4098:
4091:
4086:
4084:
4067:
4063:
4057:
4050:
4045:
4029:
4025:
4019:
4013:, p. 28.
4012:
4007:
3999:
3993:
3989:
3985:
3981:
3980:
3972:
3970:
3961:
3955:
3951:
3947:
3943:
3942:
3934:
3932:
3915:
3911:
3907:
3901:
3899:
3891:
3886:
3879:
3873:
3865:
3864:
3859:
3853:
3849:
3833:
3828:
3816:
3811:
3801:
3796:
3784:
3779:
3775:
3765:
3762:
3760:
3757:
3755:
3752:
3750:
3747:
3745:
3742:
3740:
3737:
3735:
3732:
3730:
3727:
3724:
3721:
3719:
3716:
3715:
3711:
3705:
3700:
3693:
3691:
3687:
3683:
3679:
3675:
3671:
3667:
3662:
3661:
3658:
3655:, due to the
3654:
3649:
3647:
3643:
3639:
3635:
3622:
3619:
3616:
3613:
3610:
3607:
3606:
3605:
3604:
3597:
3594:
3591:
3588:
3585:
3582:
3579:
3576:
3573:
3572:Afram Athneil
3570:
3567:
3564:
3561:
3557:
3556:
3555:
3554:
3542:
3538:
3534:
3531:
3527:
3523:
3519:
3515:
3511:
3507:
3503:
3500:
3496:
3493:
3489:
3485:
3481:
3477:
3474:
3471:and southern
3470:
3466:
3463:
3459:
3455:
3451:
3447:
3443:
3439:
3438:San Francisco
3435:
3432:
3428:
3424:
3420:
3416:
3413:
3409:
3405:
3401:
3397:
3393:
3390:
3386:
3383:
3379:
3375:
3371:
3370:
3367:
3363:
3358:
3352:
3347:
3341:
3337:
3332:
3320:
3316:
3312:
3309:
3306:
3302:
3298:
3294:
3290:
3286:
3282:
3279:
3278:
3272:
3270:
3266:
3262:
3258:
3254:
3250:
3245:
3243:
3239:
3235:
3231:
3227:
3223:
3219:
3215:
3214:Iran–Iraq War
3210:
3208:
3204:
3200:
3199:San Francisco
3196:
3192:
3188:
3184:
3183:United States
3180:
3176:
3172:
3168:
3163:
3161:
3157:
3153:
3149:
3145:
3141:
3137:
3133:
3125:
3121:
3116:
3107:
3105:
3101:
3097:
3092:
3090:
3086:
3082:
3078:
3074:
3070:
3066:
3061:
3059:
3055:
3051:
3047:
3043:
3036:
3032:
3028:
3024:
3020:
3015:
3001:
2997:
2993:
2986:
2981:
2977:
2970:
2965:
2961:
2957:
2953:
2946:
2941:
2937:
2933:
2929:
2922:
2917:
2916:
2915:
2913:
2908:
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2900:
2899:
2894:
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2883:
2879:
2873:
2867:
2863:
2859:
2855:
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2847:
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2815:
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2769:
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2749:
2745:
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2737:
2733:
2728:
2726:
2722:
2718:
2714:
2710:
2706:
2702:
2698:
2694:
2690:
2686:
2684:
2680:
2676:
2672:
2667:
2665:
2660:
2658:
2654:
2650:
2646:
2642:
2638:
2637:Theologically
2629:
2627:
2623:
2619:
2615:
2611:
2607:
2603:
2599:
2587:
2582:
2580:
2575:
2573:
2568:
2567:
2565:
2564:
2559:
2556:
2555:
2554:
2553:
2546:
2543:
2541:
2538:
2537:
2533:
2530:
2528:
2525:
2523:
2520:
2518:
2515:
2513:
2510:
2509:
2502:
2501:
2493:
2490:
2488:
2485:
2483:
2480:
2478:
2475:
2473:
2470:
2469:
2462:
2461:
2453:
2450:
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2443:
2440:
2438:
2435:
2434:
2427:
2426:
2418:
2415:
2413:
2410:
2408:
2405:
2403:
2400:
2398:
2395:
2393:
2390:
2388:
2385:
2383:
2380:
2378:
2377:Monothelitism
2375:
2373:
2370:
2368:
2365:
2363:
2362:Caesaropapism
2360:
2358:
2355:
2353:
2350:
2348:
2345:
2343:
2342:Monophysitism
2340:
2338:
2335:
2333:
2330:
2329:
2322:
2321:
2313:
2310:
2306:
2303:
2302:
2301:
2298:
2296:
2293:
2291:
2288:
2284:
2281:
2279:
2276:
2275:
2274:
2271:
2267:
2264:
2262:
2259:
2258:
2257:
2254:
2253:
2246:
2245:
2238:
2235:
2232:
2230:
2227:
2225:
2222:
2219:
2217:
2214:
2212:
2209:
2207:
2204:
2202:
2199:
2197:
2194:
2192:
2189:
2187:
2184:
2181:
2178:
2176:
2173:
2171:
2168:
2166:
2163:
2161:
2158:
2157:
2154:
2149:
2148:
2141:
2138:
2136:
2135:Old Believers
2133:
2132:
2126:
2125:
2116:
2112:
2107:
2104:
2102:
2099:
2095:
2091:
2087:
2083:
2079:
2075:
2071:
2067:
2062:
2059:
2057:
2054:
2053:
2047:
2046:
2042:
2038:
2037:
2034:
2031:
2030:
2026:
2022:
2021:
2013:
2011:
2007:
2006:Mar Awa Royel
2000:
1990:
1988:
1984:
1980:
1975:
1973:
1969:
1964:
1959:
1954:
1950:
1948:
1944:
1940:
1936:
1930:
1920:
1918:
1914:
1910:
1905:
1904:Iran–Iraq War
1900:
1898:
1894:
1890:
1886:
1882:
1878:
1874:
1866:
1861:
1856:
1846:
1844:
1838:
1836:
1832:
1828:
1824:
1820:
1816:
1811:
1809:
1805:
1801:
1797:
1793:
1792:San Francisco
1789:
1788:United States
1783:
1781:
1777:
1773:
1769:
1765:
1761:
1757:
1753:
1747:
1737:
1735:
1731:
1727:
1722:
1718:
1714:
1709:
1706:
1703:, due to the
1702:
1696:
1694:
1690:
1686:
1682:
1678:
1674:
1670:
1666:
1662:
1658:
1654:
1650:
1646:
1638:
1634:
1629:
1620:
1618:
1614:
1610:
1606:
1602:
1601:Protestantism
1592:
1588:
1586:
1582:
1578:
1574:
1570:
1566:
1562:
1558:
1554:
1549:
1547:
1543:
1539:
1535:
1529:
1527:
1523:
1519:
1515:
1511:
1503:
1491:
1482:
1480:
1476:
1475:
1470:
1466:
1461:
1459:
1455:
1451:
1446:
1444:
1440:
1436:
1432:
1427:
1425:
1421:
1420:Yahballaha IV
1417:
1413:
1409:
1405:
1395:
1393:
1389:
1385:
1381:
1377:
1373:
1369:
1365:
1361:
1357:
1353:
1347:
1345:
1341:
1337:
1333:
1329:
1325:
1321:
1317:
1311:
1301:
1299:
1294:
1291:
1286:
1285:(1550–1555).
1284:
1280:
1276:
1272:
1267:
1263:
1259:
1255:
1248:
1244:
1240:
1236:
1231:
1227:
1217:
1215:
1211:
1205:
1203:
1199:
1195:
1191:
1187:
1183:
1179:
1175:
1171:
1167:
1163:
1159:
1152:
1148:
1143:
1134:
1132:
1128:
1124:
1120:
1116:
1115:North America
1112:
1108:
1104:
1100:
1096:
1092:
1088:
1083:
1081:
1077:
1073:
1069:
1065:
1061:
1057:
1053:
1048:
1046:
1042:
1038:
1034:
1030:
1026:
1022:
1018:
1013:
1011:
1007:
1003:
999:
995:
991:
987:
983:
979:
975:
971:
967:
963:
959:
955:
951:
947:
935:
930:
928:
923:
921:
916:
915:
913:
912:
907:
902:
898:
897:
894:
891:
889:
886:
884:
881:
880:
879:
878:
871:
868:
866:
863:
861:
858:
856:
853:
851:
848:
846:
843:
841:
838:
836:
833:
831:
828:
826:
823:
821:
818:
816:
813:
811:
808:
807:
801:
800:
789:
786:
784:
781:
779:
776:
774:
771:
769:
766:
764:
761:
759:
756:
754:
751:
749:
746:
745:
744:
743:
740:
737:
736:
729:
726:
724:
721:
719:
716:
714:
711:
709:
706:
704:
701:
699:
696:
694:
691:
689:
686:
684:
681:
679:
676:
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669:
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664:
661:
659:
656:
655:
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649:
647:
646:
642:
640:
639:
635:
633:
632:
628:
626:
623:
621:
618:
614:
611:
609:
606:
605:
604:
603:
599:
598:
597:
596:
593:
590:
589:
581:
578:
576:
575:Denominations
573:
572:
568:
567:
560:
557:
555:
552:
550:
547:
545:
542:
540:
537:
535:
532:
530:
527:
525:
522:
520:
517:
515:
512:
510:
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505:
502:
500:
497:
495:
492:
490:
487:
486:
480:
477:
475:
472:
471:
467:
466:
459:
456:
454:
451:
449:
446:
444:
441:
439:
436:
434:
431:
429:
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422:
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417:
414:
412:
409:
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402:
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398:
395:
390:
389:
382:
379:
377:
374:
372:
369:
367:
364:
362:
359:
357:
356:New Testament
354:
352:
351:Old Testament
349:
348:
341:
339:
336:
335:
331:
330:
323:
320:
318:
315:
313:
310:
308:
305:
303:
300:
298:
295:
294:
288:
285:
283:
280:
279:
275:
274:
270:
266:
265:
262:
259:
258:
254:
250:
249:
241:
237:
233:
229:
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212:
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208:
206:
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198:
195:
191:
188:
184:
180:
177:
173:
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167:
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160:
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153:
149:
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138:
134:
130:
127:
124:
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118:
114:
110:
106:
103:
100:
96:
93:
90:
86:
82:
78:
74:
70:
64:
59:
53:
48:
45:
41:
37:
33:
19:
10943:Qara Qoyunlu
10806:(312–63 BCE)
10596:
10537:Christianity
10307:
10102:Architecture
9996:Confirmation
9944:Ecclesiology
9875:Original sin
9865:Nicene Creed
9662:Old Catholic
9546:Papal States
9478:Great Church
9444:Resurrection
9386:Christianity
9343:New Covenant
9294:(Scriptures)
9239:Christianity
9111:Nestorianism
9106:Dyophysitism
9101:Miaphysitism
9091:Apophaticism
9055:Deuterocanon
8900:Paulicianism
8890:Nestorianism
8863:Roman Empire
8837:Hagia Sophia
8832:
8759:
8527:(Liturgical)
8434:Elias Mellus
8394:Bar Hebraeus
8354:Paul the Jew
8257:
8178:
8119:
8068:
8061:
7995:, legacy of
7767:
7602:Qube d'Arzun
7567:Piroz Shabur
7395:Hesna d'Kifa
7270:Beth Rahimaï
7265:Beth Nuhadra
7260:Beth Moksaye
6987:Time periods
6975:
6874:
6829:
6817:from Commons
6812:
6795:
6774:
6759:
6755:
6739:
6735:
6711:
6691:
6667:
6646:
6635:
6618:
6605:
6601:
6588:
6584:
6570:
6560:
6534:
6521:
6517:
6501:. Retrieved
6494:the original
6489:
6485:
6458:
6437:
6433:
6407:
6383:
6363:
6350:
6327:
6304:
6281:
6257:
6229:
6225:
6195:
6181:
6157:
6136:
6126:
6122:
6108:
6087:
6067:
6046:
6021:
6000:
5974:
5970:
5946:
5925:
5905:
5878:
5868:
5864:
5851:
5847:
5820:
5799:
5775:
5755:
5751:
5728:
5707:
5703:
5679:
5651:
5627:
5617:
5593:
5569:
5551:(3): 23–35.
5548:
5544:
5514:
5493:
5469:
5448:
5437:
5416:
5395:
5367:
5353:
5340:
5327:
5313:
5300:
5296:
5276:
5253:
5244:
5232:
5218:
5204:
5192:. Retrieved
5180:
5171:
5157:
5151:
5139:. Retrieved
5129:
5121:
5095:
5089:
5069:
5044:. Retrieved
5040:
5030:
5021:
5007:
4989:
4982:. Retrieved
4978:the original
4973:
4964:
4952:
4945:Burgess 1989
4940:
4913:
4886:
4874:. Retrieved
4863:
4851:. Retrieved
4842:
4833:
4825:
4811:
4805:
4797:
4789:
4780:
4766:
4745:. Retrieved
4741:the original
4737:The Holy See
4727:
4708:
4698:18 September
4696:. Retrieved
4692:the original
4682:
4672:18 September
4670:. Retrieved
4666:the original
4656:
4629:
4617:
4605:
4593:
4547:
4535:
4523:
4511:
4499:
4487:
4475:
4463:
4451:
4439:
4427:
4398:
4386:
4374:
4362:
4350:
4338:
4326:
4314:
4302:
4273:
4261:
4249:
4222:
4210:
4198:
4186:
4174:
4147:
4140:Lemmens 1926
4135:
4123:
4111:
4097:
4070:. Retrieved
4066:the original
4056:
4044:
4032:. Retrieved
4027:
4018:
4006:
3978:
3940:
3918:. Retrieved
3914:the original
3909:
3885:
3872:
3861:
3852:
3810:
3778:
3718:Abda of Hira
3689:
3663:
3660:
3650:
3631:
3615:Sargis Yosip
3609:Aprem Mooken
3602:
3601:
3552:
3551:
3391:and Nineveh.
3297:Khabur River
3275:Archdioceses
3246:
3242:Gewargis III
3236:district in
3211:
3179:independence
3164:
3129:
3126:(1692–1918).
3093:
3073:Persian Gulf
3062:
3054:archdioceses
3039:
3008:Organization
2896:
2890:
2886:Celtic cross
2882:ringed cross
2840:A Nestorian
2839:
2816:
2812:eastern wall
2805:
2761:
2744:Dyophysitism
2729:
2712:
2704:
2687:
2668:
2661:
2635:
2618:Nicene Creed
2595:
2505:Other topics
2402:Paulicianism
2387:Dyothelitism
2372:Monoenergism
2352:Dyophysitism
2347:Miaphysitism
2337:Nestorianism
2110:
2002:
1976:
1965:
1962:
1947:Gewargis III
1932:
1929:Gewargis III
1913:Aprem Mooken
1909:sede vacante
1908:
1901:
1870:
1839:
1812:
1784:
1749:
1716:
1710:
1697:
1642:
1623:20th century
1597:
1550:
1530:
1507:
1501:
1478:
1472:
1462:
1447:
1430:
1428:
1416:Pope of Rome
1401:
1348:
1331:
1327:
1313:
1297:
1295:
1287:
1251:
1206:
1155:
1107:Western Asia
1084:
1074:. After the
1049:
1014:
974:ecclesiology
961:
957:
953:
949:
945:
943:
810:Civilization
650:
643:
636:
629:
620:Old Catholic
600:
458:Universalism
381:New Covenant
317:Resurrection
261:Christianity
175:Headquarters
80:Abbreviation
44:
11302:New Zealand
11297:Netherlands
11061:Settlements
10974:(1555–1917)
10951:(1453–1501)
10945:(1375–1468)
10939:(1335–1432)
10933:(1258–1335)
10927:(1098–1268)
10888:Middle ages
10828:Roman Syria
10822:Syrian Wars
10459:Middle East
10363:Persecution
10298:Christendom
10291:Cooperation
10228:Charismatic
10139:Holy Spirit
10048:Natural law
10011:Holy orders
9860:Christology
9853:Holy Spirit
9722:Pentecostal
9702:Evangelical
9697:Charismatic
9541:Monasticism
9533:Middle Ages
9496:Constantine
9439:Crucifixion
9321:Foundations
9187:Iconography
9161:Metousiosis
9020:2018 schism
9015:1996 schism
8713:South India
8705:East Africa
8693:Middle East
8454:Thoma Darmo
8317:Key figures
8256:Nestorian (
8058:, legacy of
8056:East Syriac
7993:West Syriac
7612:Ram Hormizd
7410:Hrbath Glal
7285:Beth Zabdaï
7240:Beth Daraye
7041:Beth Huzaye
7036:Beth Garmaï
6911:Holy Leaven
6896:Chrismation
6797:Definitions
6742:(1): 15–30.
5758:: 119–138.
5237:Mooken 2003
5141:25 December
4876:9 September
4853:9 September
4794:"Nestorian"
4634:Joseph 2000
4552:Yakoub 2020
4432:Wigram 1914
4090:Hunter 2014
4049:Hunter 2014
4030:(in Arabic)
3566:Meelis Zaia
3526:Netherlands
3427:New England
3226:Middle East
2802:Iconography
2766:dialect of
2653:Christology
2632:Christology
2614:trinitarian
2532:Monasticism
2517:Christology
2382:Dyoenergism
2300:East Syriac
2278:West Syriac
2256:Alexandrian
1829:, based in
1823:Thoma Darmo
1713:Agha Petros
1708:Mountains.
1653:Young Turks
1637:persecution
1498: 1831
1290:Roman Curia
1198:Saint Peter
1180:. It is an
1149:village of
1045:Mar Awa III
992:. Its main
970:Christology
698:Pentecostal
580:(full list)
554:Reformation
519:Constantine
438:Christology
428:Apologetics
421:Holy Spirit
342:Foundations
312:Crucifixion
204:Separations
137:Middle East
126:Mar Awa III
98:Orientation
11443:Categories
11185:Diyarbakır
11156:Tell Tamer
11151:Al-Hasakah
11047:By country
10959:Modern era
10949:Aq Qoyunlu
10921:(945–1055)
10915:(905–1383)
10909:(750–1258)
10724:(including
10700:Folk dance
10277:Prosperity
10253:Liberation
10193:Cathedrals
10178:Pilgrimage
10163:Literature
10040:Philosophy
9976:Sacraments
9949:Four marks
9910:Protestant
9885:Born again
9682:Anabaptist
9672:Protestant
9614:Influences
9576:Modern era
9280:By country
9197:Omophorion
9192:Asceticism
9146:Hypostasis
9131:Philokalia
9060:Septuagint
9033:Scriptures
8970:Ghassanids
8905:Bogomilism
8895:Iconoclasm
8796:Tolstoyans
8737:Communions
8709:Asia Minor
8379:John Maron
8278:Protestant
8137:Protestant
7768:(See also:
7516:Merw i-Rud
7280:Beth Waziq
7250:Beth Lapat
7245:Beth Dasen
7235:Beth Bgash
7165:Adarbaigan
6978:after the
6901:Absolution
6886:Priesthood
6871:Sacraments
6608:: 187–234.
5854:: 261–277.
5303:: 155–169.
5297:One Church
5254:vatican.va
5118:1024004171
4906:Brock 2006
4891:Brock 1999
4747:25 January
4179:Gulik 1904
4152:Habbi 1966
4011:Binns 2002
3845:References
3518:Luxembourg
3473:California
3462:Sacramento
3289:al-Hasakah
3269:California
3212:After the
3165:After the
3012:See also:
2932:Estrangela
2928:True Cross
2846:Estrangela
2721:hypostasis
2711:: ܩܢܘܡܐ /
2689:Antiochene
2671:Antiochene
2430:Traditions
2407:Bogomilism
2392:Iconoclasm
2273:Antiochene
1663:and their
1340:Eliya VIII
1332:Eliya line
1328:Eliya line
1266:Franciscan
758:Irvingians
723:Waldensian
663:Anabaptist
652:Protestant
117:Catholicos
11376:Dawronoye
11307:Palestine
11237:Australia
11210:Tur Abdin
11090:Tel Keppe
11010:(1914–20)
10998:(19th c.)
10980:(16th c.)
10968:(1508–55)
10931:Ilkhanate
10880:(502–628)
10874:(226–651)
10872:Asoristan
10842:(116–118)
10797:antiquity
10795:Classical
10728:contexts)
10625:languages
10353:Criticism
10303:Ecumenism
10267:Mysticism
10233:Democracy
10223:Anarchism
10210:Movements
10173:Mythology
10151:Catechism
10146:Education
10063:Evolution
9986:Eucharist
9969:Canon law
9927:Theotokos
9922:Mariology
9880:Salvation
9870:Tradition
9717:Methodist
9677:Adventist
9511:Chalcedon
9141:Theotokos
9081:Hesychasm
8886:Heresies
8728:divisions
8468:Languages
8334:Nestorius
8175:legacy of
8112:Nestorian
7663:Shahrgard
7490:Masabadan
7425:Jerusalem
7305:Darabgard
7215:Aïn Sipne
7185:Al-Rustaq
7170:Al-Bariya
7139:Samarqand
6602:Angelicum
6503:20 August
6456:(2010) .
6248:212688640
6217:(1999a).
5991:161756931
4984:11 August
4918:Hill 1988
4242:Hage 2007
4203:Fiey 1993
3499:Melbourne
3203:Dinkha IV
3136:Qudshanis
3120:Qudshanis
3110:Hierarchy
3091:with it.
3089:communion
2976:Pentecost
2858:Tur Abdin
2796:Nestorius
2780:anaphoras
2748:Theotokos
2732:Nestorius
2664:Dinkha IV
2657:Nestorian
2624:from the
2492:Maronites
2412:Hesychasm
2357:Henotikon
2295:Byzantine
2283:Malankara
2074:Ethiopian
1999:Awa Royel
1935:Dinkha IV
1897:Dinkha IV
1855:Dinkha IV
1685:Armenians
1609:Supurghan
1579:to visit
1557:Qodshanis
1534:Eliya XII
1510:Eliya XII
1392:Eliya XII
1362:empires (
1356:conflicts
1336:Eliya VII
1182:apostolic
1162:Assyrians
1072:Assyrians
1006:Assyrians
964:), is an
865:Symbolism
825:Ecumenism
815:Criticism
693:Moravian
688:Methodist
658:Adventist
529:Augustine
479:Tradition
453:Salvation
322:Ascension
121:Patriarch
11353:Politics
11224:Diaspora
11205:Mazıdağı
11161:Qamishli
11134:Sanandaj
11107:Shaqlawa
11095:Bartella
11080:Qaraqosh
11056:Homeland
10854:(5th c.)
10836:(15–116)
10834:Adiabene
10781:Arameans
10736:Ancient
10710:Clothing
10652:Hertevin
10467:Identity
10407:Category
10272:Pacifism
10086:features
10070:Politics
10023:Ablution
9991:Marriage
9895:Catholic
9825:Theology
9732:Reformed
9712:Lutheran
9707:Holiness
9687:Anglican
9657:Catholic
9561:Crusades
9506:Nicaea I
9456:Apostles
9429:Miracles
9424:Parables
9414:Ministry
9404:Nativity
9368:timeline
9265:Prophets
9260:Glossary
9126:Phronema
9074:Theology
9065:Peshitta
8717:Far East
8587:Arameans
8544:/Syriac
8535:See also
8495:Hertevin
8490:Garshuni
8329:Aphrahat
7912:Shemsdin
7807:Ardishai
7689:Shushter
7668:Shahrzur
7648:Segestan
7557:Nihawand
7541:Nahargur
7485:Marmadit
7460:Khanijar
7180:Al-Qabba
7089:Damascus
7031:Adiabene
6974:and the
6958:Dioceses
6906:Oblation
6633:(1929).
6616:(1914).
6555:(1931).
6193:(2004).
6179:(2003).
6129:: 17–28.
6043:(2008).
5900:(1993).
5797:(1993).
5591:(2006).
5536:(1996).
5491:(1908).
5393:(2003).
5365:(1852).
5351:(1852).
5339:(2004).
5325:(1775).
5311:(1719).
5274:(2008).
5194:17 April
5067:(2016).
5046:17 April
4847:Archived
3696:See also
3670:anaphora
3603:Retired:
3490:and all
3488:Hamilton
3442:San Jose
3431:New York
3423:Michigan
3419:Illinois
3326:Dioceses
3315:Thrissur
3301:Damascus
3293:Qamishli
3265:Illinois
3216:and the
3071:and the
3050:dioceses
3046:parishes
2878:crucifix
2862:aniconic
2842:Peshitta
2725:prosopon
2482:Assyrian
2397:Filioque
2332:Arianism
2290:Armenian
2111:Assyrian
2082:Armenian
2078:Eritrean
2025:a series
2023:Part of
2016:Doctrine
1891:and the
1756:massacre
1717:de facto
1695:allies.
1683:and the
1665:Armenian
1565:attacked
1465:Assyrian
1458:Qochanis
1388:Eliya XI
1380:Armenian
1376:Assyrian
1344:Eliya IX
1147:Assyrian
1127:Caucasus
1064:Holy See
1010:Akkadian
883:Glossary
830:Glossary
713:Reformed
683:Lutheran
668:Anglican
602:Catholic
544:Crusades
534:Ignatius
524:Councils
489:Apostles
394:Theology
307:Ministry
297:Nativity
253:a series
251:Part of
193:Absorbed
151:Language
145:diaspora
135:Central
108:Theology
11339:Uruguay
11332:Detroit
11287:Lebanon
11267:Germany
11262:Georgia
11252:Finland
11242:Belgium
11232:Armenia
11180:Hakkari
11034:(2014–)
11028:(2003–)
11016:(1919–)
10986:(1840s)
10816:Osroene
10738:Assyria
10726:related
10720:History
10705:Cuisine
10677:Culture
10618:Aramaic
10605:(1968–)
10599:(1692–)
10593:(1552–)
10574:(1940–)
10568:(1870–)
10562:(1662–)
10336:Related
10129:Trinity
10094:Culture
10058:Science
10028:Hygiene
10018:Mission
10001:Penance
9981:Baptism
9917:Worship
9890:Liturgy
9838:Trinity
9749:Eastern
9727:Quakers
9692:Baptist
9649:Western
9639:members
9409:Baptism
9363:History
9353:Worship
9255:Outline
9170:Worship
9121:Theoria
9116:Theosis
8965:Melkite
8927:Mongols
8845:History
8691:in the
8414:Thoma I
7892:Nisibis
7867:Hakkari
7862:Gazarta
7837:Berwari
7822:Amadiya
7714:Tamanon
7704:Taimana
7694:Soqotra
7684:Arabaye
7617:Ramonin
7562:Nineveh
7521:Meskene
7455:Kashkar
7420:Istakhr
7415:Ispahan
7365:Hamadan
7355:Haditha
7345:Gubeans
7320:Dinawar
7315:Delasar
7295:Dabarin
7195:Armenia
7051:Nisibis
7046:Maishan
6960:of the
6891:Baptism
6873:of the
5331:. Roma.
5264:Sources
4843:Youtube
4072:26 July
3863:YouTube
3560:Awa III
3541:Georgia
3537:Ukraine
3522:Austria
3514:Belgium
3484:Windsor
3480:Toronto
3469:Arizona
3458:Seattle
3450:Turlock
3446:Modesto
3408:Finland
3404:Germany
3396:Denmark
3384:plains.
3261:Oceania
3257:America
3222:Chicago
3187:Chicago
3142:of the
3138:in the
2772:liturgy
2770:in its
2758:Liturgy
2683:Antioch
2447:Russian
2442:Melkite
2305:Malabar
2115:Ancient
2086:Cilicia
1958:Nohadra
1865:Chicago
1831:Baghdad
1800:Lebanon
1776:Chicago
1730:Baghdad
1689:Iranian
1649:Hakkari
1577:Vatican
1561:Kurdish
1384:Eliya X
1372:Kurdish
1368:Persian
1364:Ottoman
1360:Islamic
1202:Babylon
1166:Assyria
1151:Geramon
1137:History
1119:Oceania
1103:deacons
1099:priests
1058:or the
1041:Assyria
893:Outline
870:Worship
850:Outline
840:Liturgy
820:Culture
673:Baptist
613:Eastern
549:Aquinas
474:History
448:Mission
433:Baptism
406:Trinity
302:Baptism
227:Members
165:Liturgy
159:Aramaic
11396:Sutoro
11317:Sweden
11312:Russia
11292:Mexico
11282:Jordan
11277:Israel
11272:Greece
11257:France
11247:Canada
11200:Mardin
11190:Elazığ
11175:Turkey
11168:Khabur
11129:Salmas
11102:Ankawa
11085:Alqosh
11022:(1933)
11004:(1909)
10992:(1895)
10903:(630s)
10897:(630s)
10662:Mlaḥsô
10657:Senaya
10642:Turoyo
10622:Syriac
10556:(518–)
10535:Syriac
10053:Ethics
9934:Saints
9843:Father
9762:Church
9374:spread
9338:Gospel
9328:Church
9270:People
9136:Praxis
9002:Raskol
8525:Syriac
8520:Turoyo
8510:Senaya
8505:Mlaḥsô
8305:(2017)
8299:(1961)
8293:(1852)
8269:(1701)
8248:(1772)
8242:(1912)
8236:(1665)
8188:Kerala
8158:(1940)
8152:(1870)
8128:(1968)
8122:(1552)
8024:(1662)
7922:Tuleki
7897:Salmas
7882:Mardin
7877:Kirkuk
7842:Cyprus
7792:Alqosh
7739:Ukbara
7719:Tirhan
7643:Salmas
7638:Salakh
7607:Radani
7582:Qaimar
7577:Pusang
7552:maniya
7475:Mardin
7465:Lashom
7450:Karman
7385:Hebton
7350:Gurgan
7340:Gawkaï
7335:Eshnuq
7300:Dairin
7230:Barhis
7175:Al-Kuj
7144:Tangut
7104:Hulwan
7084:Dailam
6719:
6698:
6675:
6654:
6541:
6466:
6414:
6391:
6370:
6334:
6311:
6288:
6265:
6246:
6203:
6165:
6144:
6095:
6074:
6055:
6029:
6008:
5989:
5954:
5933:
5912:
5886:
5828:
5807:
5783:
5762:
5735:
5687:
5666:
5635:
5601:
5577:
5522:
5501:
5477:
5456:
5424:
5403:
5375:
5284:
5164:
5116:
5106:
5077:
5014:
4818:
4773:
4034:2 July
3994:
3956:
3920:2 July
3832:Arabic
3800:Arabic
3530:Greece
3524:, the
3510:France
3492:Canada
3460:, and
3412:Norway
3400:Sweden
3382:Salmas
3376:, the
3374:Tehran
3366:Sydney
3319:Kerala
3305:Aleppo
3259:, and
3253:Europe
3240:after
3234:Ankawa
3207:Tehran
3191:Canada
3175:Cyprus
3156:Salmas
3081:Kerala
3056:. The
2996:Syriac
2893:Syriac
2891:Three
2864:. The
2831:saints
2774:, the
2764:Syriac
2709:Syriac
2693:person
2626:Father
2604:: the
2465:Groups
2452:Syriac
2261:Coptic
2094:Indian
2090:Syriac
2066:Coptic
1877:Tehran
1806:, and
1804:Kuwait
1772:Europe
1764:Cyprus
1760:Simele
1679:, the
1661:Russia
1633:Moscow
1431:Shimun
1320:Alqosh
1298:Shimun
1262:Alqosh
1192:, and
1174:Persia
1131:Russia
1123:Europe
1121:, and
1029:Turkey
962:HACACE
904:
860:Sermon
855:Prayer
708:Quaker
592:Nicene
559:Luther
411:Father
371:Church
361:Gospel
287:Christ
219:(1968)
199:(1907)
179:Ankawa
155:Syriac
132:Region
69:Ankawa
11141:Syria
11124:Urmia
11112:Zakho
10262:Right
10168:Music
10119:Jesus
10084:Other
9939:Angel
9394:Jesus
9384:Early
9333:Creed
9302:Canon
9290:Bible
9250:Index
9151:Ousia
9040:Canon
8922:India
8917:China
8872:Copts
8726:Main
8701:North
8359:Maron
8192:India
8067:(the
8043:(512)
8018:(685)
7927:Zakho
7907:Sehna
7902:Seert
7887:Mosul
7857:Gawar
7802:Anzel
7787:Ahwaz
7709:Tahal
7536:Muqan
7531:Mosul
7480:Marga
7400:Hirta
7390:Herat
7380:Hatta
7370:Hamir
7360:Hagar
7330:Erbil
7325:Egypt
7225:Balad
7205:Arzun
7109:India
7099:Herat
6814:Media
6752:(PDF)
6623:(PDF)
6497:(PDF)
6482:(PDF)
6430:(PDF)
6244:S2CID
6222:(PDF)
5987:S2CID
5844:(PDF)
5541:(PDF)
5189:(PDF)
4991:East.
3770:Notes
3454:Ceres
3389:Dohuk
3378:Urmia
3336:Urmia
3230:Erbil
3160:Mosul
3152:Urmia
3069:India
3027:Urmia
2819:icons
2719:term
2717:Greek
2713:qnômâ
2705:qnome
2487:Copts
2437:Greek
2266:Ge'ez
1987:Syria
1943:Erbil
1808:India
1734:Basra
1613:Urmia
1569:Mosul
1479:malik
1474:malik
1469:tribe
1324:Eliya
1271:Mosul
1260:near
1243:Urmia
1241:near
1111:India
1033:Syria
1017:Erbil
888:Index
835:Index
608:Latin
494:Peter
376:Creed
366:Canon
338:Bible
282:Jesus
183:Erbil
141:India
38:, or
11119:Iran
11070:Iraq
10866:1552
10258:Left
10158:Flag
10124:Mary
9635:list
9086:Icon
8703:and
8177:the
8101:1552
8079:1552
8060:the
7997:the
7872:Jilu
7832:Aqra
7797:Amid
7774:and
7755:Zabe
7729:Urmi
7699:Susa
7633:Rima
7628:aïna
7622:Resh
7597:Qish
7430:Jews
7129:Merv
7094:Fars
6831:Data
6717:ISBN
6696:ISBN
6673:ISBN
6652:ISBN
6539:ISBN
6505:2017
6464:ISBN
6412:ISBN
6389:ISBN
6368:ISBN
6332:ISBN
6309:ISBN
6286:ISBN
6263:ISBN
6201:ISBN
6163:ISBN
6142:ISBN
6093:ISBN
6072:ISBN
6053:ISBN
6027:ISBN
6006:ISBN
5952:ISBN
5931:ISBN
5910:ISBN
5884:ISBN
5826:ISBN
5805:ISBN
5781:ISBN
5760:ISBN
5733:ISBN
5685:ISBN
5664:ISBN
5633:ISBN
5599:ISBN
5575:ISBN
5520:ISBN
5499:ISBN
5475:ISBN
5454:ISBN
5422:ISBN
5401:ISBN
5373:ISBN
5282:ISBN
5196:2023
5162:ISBN
5143:2012
5114:OCLC
5104:ISBN
5075:ISBN
5048:2023
5012:ISBN
4986:2020
4878:2021
4855:2021
4816:ISBN
4771:ISBN
4749:2010
4700:2015
4674:2015
4074:2010
4036:2020
3992:ISBN
3954:ISBN
3922:2020
3638:Rome
3558:Mar
3539:and
3528:and
3429:and
3410:and
3380:and
3340:Iran
3303:and
3267:and
3238:Iraq
3154:and
3063:The
3052:and
3035:Iran
2994:, a
2958:and
2956:Mary
2833:and
2788:Mari
2786:and
2677:and
2477:Arab
2113:and
2076:and
1983:Iraq
1979:Iran
1972:Mary
1835:Iraq
1819:Lent
1796:Iran
1693:Arab
1691:and
1581:Rome
1454:Amid
1378:and
1366:and
1279:Rome
1247:Iran
1228:and
1129:and
1101:and
1093:and
1037:Iran
1025:Iraq
1021:Iraq
972:and
950:ACOE
944:The
504:Mary
499:Paul
187:Iraq
83:ACOE
73:Iraq
10862:410
10114:Art
9848:Son
9833:God
8683:of
8186:in
8075:410
7917:Tis
7134:Rai
6442:doi
6234:doi
5979:doi
5712:doi
5656:doi
5553:doi
3984:doi
3946:doi
3232:'s
3000:BnF
2954:to
2936:SBB
2901:by
2856:or
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416:Son
401:God
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