351:
1152:
967:
43:
1083:
1129:
522:
1106:
1859:
1180:
2304:
1060:
684:
551:
259:
established the
General Land Office on 22 December 1836 (making the GLO the oldest existing Texas public agency). The agency's constitutional purpose was to "superintend, execute, and perform all acts touching or respecting the public lands of Texas." Since its establishment the agency has been
330:
which is nearly exactly 9 nautical miles, 10.35 statute miles, 16.66 km) from its coastline (significantly more than the three geographical miles controlled by other coastal states). All of these lands (and the oil and gas deposits beneath them) are managed by the
General Land Office.
1775:
Sources differ in whether they include Raglin in the count of
Commissioners, and hence whether they consider Ward to be second or third commissioner; however, the General Land Office's official enumeration includes Raglin in its
2209:
2214:
31:
791:
755:
1428:
666:
416:, Texas state-wide officers–including the Commissioner–have been elected every four years, prior to which they were elected every two years. The current land commissioner is
212:, by negotiating and enforcing leases for the use of the land, and sometimes by making sales of public lands. Royalties and proceeds from land sales are added to the state's
2262:
2219:
1892:
2633:
2638:
1433:
2224:
2427:
1962:
809:
596:
2255:
2007:
1847:
773:
707:
243:. The management of The Alamo was transferred to the General Land Office after allegations of mismanagement were directed at the prior manager, the
2628:
1902:
488:
831:
505:
106:
2461:
2092:
729:
2643:
2248:
2037:
1922:
273:
2032:
1987:
1825:
2087:
2012:
1997:
1992:
1937:
2057:
1521:
1932:
1840:
2361:
2229:
2194:
1947:
1917:
277:
1882:
2618:
2107:
2097:
2052:
2022:
1410:. Joint Resolution for the admission of the state of Texas into the Union, J.Res. 1, enacted December 29, 1845, 9
1382:
295:
in 1845, it kept control of all of its public lands from its time as a sovereign state. As a result, Texas is the only
244:
2147:
2072:
17:
2623:
2122:
1982:
1833:
447:
437:
2548:
2379:
2189:
1877:
1411:
1403:
950:
2449:
2163:
2102:
2062:
2047:
1887:
1239:
2132:
2017:
299:
in the US to control all of its own public lands; all federal lands in Texas were acquired by purchase (e.g.
2418:
2396:
2333:
2137:
2117:
2082:
2077:
1863:
1785:
Crosby served three non-consecutive terms as Land
Commissioner, but is only counted in the enumeration once
1316:
2342:
2002:
1957:
412:
The head of the
General Land Office is the Texas Land Commissioner, a statewide public official. Since a
1855:
1794:
White served two non-consecutive terms as Land
Commissioner, but is only counted in the enumeration once
1213:
2142:
2127:
1977:
1042:
2392:
1927:
1266:
2414:
2329:
1741:
1665:
1377:
413:
1640:
1540:
1402:
Joint
Resolution for annexing Texas to the United States, J.Res. 8, enacted March 1, 1845, 5
540:
The
Republic of Texas is admitted into the United States as the State of Texas (December 29, 1845)
2567:
2375:
2184:
2112:
1952:
1615:
1454:
369:
2513:
2489:
2352:
2067:
1942:
1907:
1897:
1690:
2478:
1967:
1437:
1193:
318:
Controversy. Because Texas's historical territorial waters originated with the
Republic, the
213:
193:
1715:
1590:
1565:
192:
properties that are owned by the state. The GLO also manages and contributes to the state's
2597:
2577:
2280:
1972:
1912:
403:
8:
2312:
2240:
2204:
923:
311:
281:
1372:
2592:
2423:
2199:
1111:
966:
909:
to replace
Robison; elected in 1930; re-elected in 1932 and 1934; did not stand in 1936
738:
392:
1151:
350:
2324:
1820:
1440:
972:
327:
296:
269:
256:
225:
42:
2388:
875:
319:
292:
217:
326:
that Texas was in the unique position of owning territory out to three leagues (9
232:
of public lands. The agency also manages federal disaster recovery grant funding.
2528:
2503:
2384:
2366:
1157:
857:
556:
417:
358:
197:
144:
30:
1816:
1082:
196:. The agency is headquartered in the Stephen F. Austin State Office Building in
2587:
2533:
2508:
2438:
1134:
1088:
689:
578:
527:
379:
189:
2612:
2582:
2562:
2556:
2518:
2472:
2466:
2432:
2042:
1321:
1244:
981:
840:
304:
300:
261:
236:
121:
108:
95:
2497:
2406:
2168:
1185:
1024:
1007:
998:
941:
897:
177:
1523:
Three Centuries on the Land: The Archives of the Texas General Land Office
1343:
2572:
2457:
2357:
2338:
2320:
2288:
1065:
240:
209:
81:
1291:
220:
within the state. The agency is also responsible for keeping records of
2538:
2523:
2348:
221:
181:
1415:
1407:
1128:
521:
1105:
906:
459:
Land Commissioners in chronological order, showing party affiliation
315:
229:
2293:
1059:
683:
265:
550:
2272:
1858:
288:
185:
99:
78:
1809:
1296:
The Texas General Land Office, George P. Bush - Commissioner
949:
Re-elected in 1954 but failed to take oath of office due to
159:
310:
Texas's public lands were significantly enlarged by the US
2270:
424:
Land Commissioners by party affiliation (since statehood)
652:
Removed from office by Reconstruction military government
208:
The General Land Office's main role is to manage Texas's
1292:"Texas GLO - Community Development & Revitalization"
1746:
Handbook of Texas (Texas State Historical Association)
1720:
Handbook of Texas (Texas State Historical Association)
1695:
Handbook of Texas (Texas State Historical Association)
1670:
Handbook of Texas (Texas State Historical Association)
1645:
Handbook of Texas (Texas State Historical Association)
1620:
Handbook of Texas (Texas State Historical Association)
1595:
Handbook of Texas (Texas State Historical Association)
1570:
Handbook of Texas (Texas State Historical Association)
1545:
Handbook of Texas (Texas State Historical Association)
1459:
Handbook of Texas (Texas State Historical Association)
2210:
Office of Court Administration/Texas Judicial Council
1175:
1516:
1514:
1512:
1510:
1508:
1506:
1504:
1502:
1500:
1498:
1496:
1494:
984:
to replace Giles; elected in 1956; resigned in 1958
1492:
1490:
1488:
1486:
1484:
1482:
1480:
1478:
1476:
1474:
953:, for which he went on to serve 3 years in prison
2610:
1317:"Control of Alamo Begins to Shift Away From DRT"
1240:"All Eyes on Land Office if George P. Bush Wins"
2634:State public land agencies in the United States
1471:
1893:Dept. of Assistive and Rehabilitative Services
1529:. Texas General Land Office. 2012. p. 18.
2256:
1841:
342:Commissioner of the Texas General Land Office
2639:1836 establishments in the Republic of Texas
1344:"Welcome to the Texas General Land Office!"
1231:
2263:
2249:
1903:School for the Blind and Visually Impaired
1848:
1834:
1366:
1364:
1267:"History of the Texas General Land Office"
1259:
349:
334:
314:of 1953 and the resolution of the ensuing
41:
29:
1452:
1453:Todd, William N.; Knape, Gerald (1952).
2629:Government agencies established in 1836
1963:Dept. of Family and Protective Services
1370:
1361:
843:to replace Finger; subsequently elected
91:Stephen F. Austin State Office Building
47:Stephen F. Austin State Office Building
2611:
2008:Dept. of Housing and Community Affairs
1923:Office of Consumer Credit Commissioner
1739:
1237:
760:January 10, 1887 – January 16, 1891
420:, who was elected on 8 November 2022.
2244:
1829:
1314:
188:, responsible for managing lands and
35:Seal of the Texas General Land Office
2230:State Commission on Judicial Conduct
2215:Office of Capital and Forensic Writs
1988:Health and Human Services Commission
1093:January 19, 1999 – January 21, 2003
902:September 12, 1929 – January 1, 1937
880:January 11, 1909 – September 8, 1929
862:January 10, 1903 – January 11, 1909
796:January 15, 1895 – January 16, 1899
778:January 16, 1891 – January 16, 1895
694:January 19, 1870 – January 20, 1874
510:December 12, 1840 – January 4, 1841
493:August 23, 1837 – December 12, 1840
2644:Government of the Republic of Texas
2088:Residential Construction Commission
1998:Higher Education Coordinating Board
1938:Commission on Environmental Quality
1666:"Baker, Andrew Jackson (1842–1912)"
1641:"McGaughey, William L. (1837–1912)"
1139:January 2, 2015 – January 10, 2023
1116:January 21, 2003 – January 2, 2015
1047:January 12, 1971 – January 4, 1983
671:August 27, 1867 – January 19, 1870
633:September 1, 1865 – August 7, 1866
13:
1817:Works by Texas General Land Office
1541:"Ward, Thomas William (1807–1872)"
1383:Texas State Historical Association
1238:Satija, Neena (October 28, 2014).
1070:January 1, 1983 – January 5, 1999
1029:January 1, 1961 – January 1, 1971
1010:to replace Rudder; elected in 1958
1003:February 1, 1958 – January 1, 1961
977:January 5, 1955 – February 1, 1958
928:January 1, 1937 – January 1, 1939
617:March 1, 1862 – September 1, 1865
272:. One former home of the GLO, the
245:Daughters of the Republic of Texas
14:
2655:
2271:Statewide political officials of
2093:Soil and Water Conservation Board
2038:Dept. of Licensing and Regulation
1801:
1616:"Hall, Richard Moore (1851–1917)"
1371:Johnson, John G. (15 June 2010).
946:January 1, 1939 – January 5, 1955
532:January 4, 1841 – March 20, 1848
268:was briefly attempted during the
203:
18:United States General Land Office
2302:
2123:University of North Texas System
1983:Guadalupe-Blanco River Authority
1857:
1178:
1150:
1127:
1104:
1081:
1058:
965:
734:June 15, 1878 – January 10, 1887
712:January 20, 1874 – June 15, 1878
682:
649:August 7, 1866 – August 27, 1867
549:
520:
2103:Texas A&M University System
2033:Library and Archives Commission
1788:
1779:
1769:
1733:
1708:
1691:"Finger, George W. (1857–1899)"
1683:
1658:
1633:
1608:
1591:"Walsh, William C. (1836–1924)"
1583:
1558:
1533:
1446:
836:May 15, 1899 – January 10, 1903
583:August 4, 1851 – March 1, 1858
561:March 20, 1848 – August 4, 1851
235:Since 2011 the GLO has managed
2048:Lower Colorado River Authority
2013:Dept. of Information Resources
1993:Dept. of State Health Services
1918:Comptroller of Public Accounts
1421:
1396:
1336:
1308:
1284:
1206:
814:January 16, 1899 – May 4, 1899
601:March 1, 1858 – March 1, 1862
564:Defeated Ward in 1848 election
464:
293:annexed into the United States
1:
2133:Texas State University System
1883:Alcoholic Beverage Commission
1199:
414:1972 constitutional amendment
2138:Texas Tech University System
2118:University of Houston System
2023:Commission on Jail Standards
1716:"Rogan, Charles (1858–1932)"
1566:"Spence, Joseph (1826–1894)"
1315:Brown, Beth (26 July 2011).
951:Veterans' Land Board scandal
7:
2148:Juvenile Justice Department
2058:Dept. of Parks and Wildlife
1948:Employees Retirement System
1171:
1162:January 10, 2023 – present
741:to remainder of Groos' term
363:since January 10, 2023
264:, although a relocation to
10:
2660:
2220:State Prosecuting Attorney
2128:University of Texas System
1429:United States v. Louisiana
384:Four years, no term limits
324:United States v. Louisiana
250:
15:
2619:Texas General Land Office
2549:Court of Criminal Appeals
2547:
2488:
2448:
2405:
2311:
2300:
2279:
2195:Dept. of Criminal Justice
2190:Court of Criminal Appeals
2177:
2156:
2098:Teacher Retirement System
1933:Board of Dental Examiners
1870:
1740:Harper, Cecil Jr (1952).
1348:Texas General Land Office
1271:Texas General Land Office
1218:Texas General Land Office
1156:
1133:
1110:
1087:
1064:
1041:
1023:
997:
971:
940:
922:
896:
874:
856:
830:
808:
790:
772:
754:
728:
706:
688:
665:
645:
629:
613:
595:
577:
555:
538:
526:
504:
487:
477:
474:
471:
468:
463:
446:
436:
431:
428:
398:
388:
378:
368:
346:
341:
278:registered historic place
228:and for issuing maps and
170:Texas General Land Office
154:
137:
87:
74:
56:
51:
40:
28:
24:Texas General Land Office
2380:Agriculture Commissioner
2164:House of Representatives
1888:Animal Health Commission
1762:
1378:Handbook of Texas Online
274:Old Land Office Building
16:Not to be confused with
2624:State agencies of Texas
2113:Trinity River Authority
2108:Dept. of Transportation
2053:Dept. of Motor Vehicles
1742:"Robison, James Thomas"
335:Texas Land Commissioner
322:ruled in the 1960 case
62:; 187 years ago
2397:Railroad Commissioners
2083:Real Estate Commission
2073:Dept. of Public Safety
1978:Office of the Governor
1908:Brazos River Authority
1006:Appointed by Governor
980:Appointed by Governor
905:Appointed by Governor
839:Appointed by Governor
737:Appointed by Governor
280:and now serves as the
216:, which helps to fund
2479:Trey Martinez Fischer
2469:, Speaker pro tempore
2428:President pro tempore
2003:Historical Commission
1958:Facilities Commission
1455:"Borden, John Pettit"
1373:"GENERAL LAND OFFICE"
1214:"Locations and Hours"
1194:Permanent School Fund
307:) or eminent domain.
214:Permanent School Fund
194:Permanent School Fund
122:30.27944°N 97.73944°W
60:22 December 1836
2143:Workforce Commission
1878:Dept. of Agriculture
1864:Texas state agencies
255:The Congress of the
210:publicly owned lands
93:1700 N. Congress Ave
2334:Lieutenant Governor
2078:Railroad Commission
2028:General Land Office
1928:School for the Deaf
924:William H. McDonald
460:
425:
312:Submerged Lands Act
282:Texas State Capitol
147:, Land Commissioner
127:30.27944; -97.73944
118: /
25:
2593:Michelle Slaughter
2424:Charles Schwertner
2343:Secretary of State
2063:Preservation Board
2043:Lottery Commission
2018:Dept. of Insurance
1112:Jerry E. Patterson
739:Richard B. Hubbard
458:
432:Land Commissioner
423:
393:Texas Constitution
328:geographical miles
303:), donation (e.g.
287:When the State of
284:Visitor's Center.
23:
2606:
2605:
2559:, Presiding Judge
2481:, Minority Leader
2475:, Majority Leader
2441:, Minority Leader
2435:, Majority Leader
2371:Land Commissioner
2238:
2237:
2225:State Law Library
2185:Courts of Appeals
1953:Ethics Commission
1821:Project Gutenberg
1169:
1168:
1011:
985:
973:James Earl Rudder
954:
910:
884:
844:
818:
742:
716:
653:
630:Francis M. White
565:
456:
455:
410:
409:
297:public land state
270:Texas Archive War
257:Republic of Texas
166:
165:
2651:
2389:Christi Craddick
2353:Attorney General
2313:State government
2306:
2305:
2265:
2258:
2251:
2242:
2241:
2068:Space Commission
1943:Education Agency
1898:Attorney General
1862:
1861:
1850:
1843:
1836:
1827:
1826:
1813:
1812:
1810:Official website
1795:
1792:
1786:
1783:
1777:
1773:
1756:
1755:
1753:
1752:
1737:
1731:
1730:
1728:
1727:
1712:
1706:
1705:
1703:
1702:
1687:
1681:
1680:
1678:
1677:
1662:
1656:
1655:
1653:
1652:
1637:
1631:
1630:
1628:
1627:
1612:
1606:
1605:
1603:
1602:
1587:
1581:
1580:
1578:
1577:
1562:
1556:
1555:
1553:
1552:
1537:
1531:
1530:
1528:
1518:
1469:
1468:
1466:
1465:
1450:
1444:
1425:
1419:
1400:
1394:
1393:
1391:
1389:
1368:
1359:
1358:
1356:
1354:
1340:
1334:
1333:
1331:
1329:
1312:
1306:
1305:
1303:
1302:
1288:
1282:
1281:
1279:
1277:
1263:
1257:
1256:
1254:
1252:
1235:
1229:
1228:
1226:
1224:
1210:
1188:
1183:
1182:
1181:
1154:
1131:
1108:
1085:
1062:
1005:
979:
969:
948:
904:
882:
876:James T. Robison
838:
816:
810:George W. Finger
736:
714:
686:
651:
597:Francis M. White
563:
553:
524:
478:Political party
475:Term of service
466:
461:
457:
426:
422:
406:
404:Official Website
353:
339:
338:
320:US Supreme Court
218:public education
162:
138:Agency executive
133:
132:
130:
129:
128:
123:
119:
116:
115:
114:
111:
70:
68:
63:
45:
33:
26:
22:
2659:
2658:
2654:
2653:
2652:
2650:
2649:
2648:
2609:
2608:
2607:
2602:
2568:Bert Richardson
2543:
2529:Jeffrey S. Boyd
2504:Jimmy Blacklock
2500:, Chief Justice
2484:
2444:
2401:
2385:Wayne Christian
2367:Dawn Buckingham
2307:
2303:
2298:
2275:
2269:
2239:
2234:
2173:
2152:
1968:Film Commission
1866:
1856:
1854:
1808:
1807:
1804:
1799:
1798:
1793:
1789:
1784:
1780:
1774:
1770:
1765:
1760:
1759:
1750:
1748:
1738:
1734:
1725:
1723:
1714:
1713:
1709:
1700:
1698:
1689:
1688:
1684:
1675:
1673:
1664:
1663:
1659:
1650:
1648:
1639:
1638:
1634:
1625:
1623:
1614:
1613:
1609:
1600:
1598:
1589:
1588:
1584:
1575:
1573:
1564:
1563:
1559:
1550:
1548:
1539:
1538:
1534:
1526:
1520:
1519:
1472:
1463:
1461:
1451:
1447:
1426:
1422:
1401:
1397:
1387:
1385:
1369:
1362:
1352:
1350:
1342:
1341:
1337:
1327:
1325:
1313:
1309:
1300:
1298:
1290:
1289:
1285:
1275:
1273:
1265:
1264:
1260:
1250:
1248:
1236:
1232:
1222:
1220:
1212:
1211:
1207:
1202:
1184:
1179:
1177:
1174:
1158:Dawn Buckingham
1004:
978:
947:
903:
881:
858:John J. Terrell
837:
815:
792:Andrew J. Baker
774:W. L. McGaughey
756:Richard M. Hall
735:
713:
708:Johann J. Groos
650:
646:Stephen Crosby
614:Stephen Crosby
562:
557:George W. Smyth
418:Dawn Buckingham
402:
364:
362:
361:
359:Dawn Buckingham
357:
354:
337:
253:
206:
198:Downtown Austin
158:
150:
145:Dawn Buckingham
126:
124:
120:
117:
112:
109:
107:
105:
104:
103:
94:
92:
66:
64:
61:
52:Agency overview
46:
36:
21:
12:
11:
5:
2657:
2647:
2646:
2641:
2636:
2631:
2626:
2621:
2604:
2603:
2601:
2600:
2595:
2590:
2588:Barbara Hervey
2585:
2580:
2575:
2570:
2565:
2560:
2553:
2551:
2545:
2544:
2542:
2541:
2536:
2534:J. Brett Busby
2531:
2526:
2521:
2516:
2514:John P. Devine
2511:
2509:Debra Lehrmann
2506:
2501:
2494:
2492:
2486:
2485:
2483:
2482:
2476:
2470:
2464:
2454:
2452:
2446:
2445:
2443:
2442:
2439:Carol Alvarado
2436:
2430:
2421:
2411:
2409:
2403:
2402:
2400:
2399:
2382:
2373:
2364:
2355:
2346:
2336:
2327:
2317:
2315:
2309:
2308:
2301:
2299:
2297:
2296:
2291:
2285:
2283:
2277:
2276:
2268:
2267:
2260:
2253:
2245:
2236:
2235:
2233:
2232:
2227:
2222:
2217:
2212:
2207:
2202:
2197:
2192:
2187:
2181:
2179:
2175:
2174:
2172:
2171:
2166:
2160:
2158:
2154:
2153:
2151:
2150:
2145:
2140:
2135:
2130:
2125:
2120:
2115:
2110:
2105:
2100:
2095:
2090:
2085:
2080:
2075:
2070:
2065:
2060:
2055:
2050:
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1217:
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1186:Texas portal
1025:Jerry Sadler
1008:Price Daniel
999:Bill Allcorn
982:Alan Shivers
942:Bascom Giles
898:J. H. Walker
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88:Headquarters
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75:Jurisdiction
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2458:Dade Phelan
2415:Dan Patrick
2362:Comptroller
2358:Glenn Hegar
2345:(appointed)
2339:Jane Nelson
2330:Dan Patrick
2321:Greg Abbott
2289:John Cornyn
2157:Legislative
1443: (1960)
1165:Republican
1142:Republican
1119:Republican
1096:Republican
1073:Democratic
1066:Garry Mauro
1050:Democratic
1032:Democratic
1014:Democratic
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730:W. C. Walsh
719:Democratic
697:Republican
674:Republican
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636:Democratic
620:Democratic
604:Democratic
586:Democratic
568:Democratic
380:Term length
260:located in
241:San Antonio
222:land grants
125: /
2613:Categories
2539:Evan Young
2524:Jane Bland
2393:Jim Wright
2376:Sid Miller
2349:Ken Paxton
1751:2024-02-09
1726:2024-02-09
1701:2024-02-09
1676:2024-02-09
1651:2024-02-09
1626:2024-02-09
1601:2024-02-09
1576:2024-02-09
1551:2024-02-09
1464:2024-02-09
1301:2022-01-21
1200:References
448:Republican
438:Democratic
182:U.S. state
113:97°44′22″W
110:30°16′46″N
67:1836-12-22
2419:President
2200:State Bar
1871:Executive
907:Dan Moody
389:Formation
356:Incumbent
316:Tidelands
237:The Alamo
2325:Governor
2294:Ted Cruz
2178:Judicial
1172:See also
2462:Speaker
399:Website
276:, is a
266:Houston
251:History
230:surveys
180:of the
176:) is a
155:Website
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2169:Senate
1722:. 1952
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1353:14 May
1328:14 May
1276:14 May
1251:14 May
1223:14 May
469:Image
429:Party
262:Austin
226:titles
96:Austin
57:Formed
2450:House
2273:Texas
1776:count
1763:Notes
1527:(PDF)
1436:
1412:Stat.
1404:Stat.
472:Name
370:Style
289:Texas
186:Texas
102:78701
100:Texas
79:Texas
1438:U.S.
1390:2015
1355:2015
1330:2015
1278:2015
1253:2015
1225:2015
291:was
224:and
168:The
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239:in
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