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an armed enemy while serving as Pilot of a P-40 Fighter
Airplane in the 75th Fighter Squadron, 23d Fighter Group, Tenth Air Force, in aerial combat against enemy forces on October 25, 1942, while performing bomber escort duty over enemy-held territory in the China Theatre. On this date, Major Hill attacked, without hesitation, superior numbers of enemy aircraft that were rising to intercept United States B-24 bombers. Without hesitation, he turned his aircraft on its back for a high-speed dive and placed his aircraft between enemy fighters and the B-24 bombers. With exceptional flying ability, Major Hill forced enemy aircraft to turn from the attack and dive away. With skillful marksmanship, he destroyed one aircraft and severely damaged three others resulting in their probable destruction. Major Hill's leadership, spirit, and extraordinary heroism in action against enemy forces in carrying the attack to the enemy without thought of the odds against himself were an inspiration to all fighter pilots. By his intrepid direction, heroic leadership, and superior professional ability, Major Hill set an inspiring example to his fellow aviators. Major Hill's extraordinary heroism and zealous devotion to duty were in keeping with the highest traditions of the military service and reflect great credit upon himself, the 10th Air Force, and the United States Army Air Forces.
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553:) with a squadron of the CAP named in his honor—the Tex Hill Composite Squadron, of San Marcos, TX (SWR-TX-435). This squadron went on to become the third largest CAP squadron in the nation and in 2003 became the most decorated CAP squadron in the nation receiving the Texas Squadron of Merit, Texas Emergency Services Squadron of the Year, Regional (SW Region of the USA) Squadron of Distinction, and National Squadron of Distinction.
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the AVG pilots flew continuous missions into the gorge, effectively neutralizing the
Japanese forces. From that day on, the Japanese never advanced further than the west bank of the Salween. Claire Chennault would later write of these critical missions, "The American Volunteer Group had staved off China's collapse on the Salween."
425:
On May 7, 1942, the
Japanese Army began building a pontoon bridge across the Salween River, which would allow them to move troops and supplies into China. To stem this tide, squadron leader Hill led a flight of four new P-40Es bombing and strafing into the mile-deep gorge. During the next four days,
1074:
The
President of the United States of America, authorized by Act of Congress, July 9, 1918, takes pleasure in presenting the Distinguished Service Cross to Major (Air Corps) David Lee "Tex" Hill, United States Army Air Forces, for extraordinary heroism in connection with military operations against
441:
from
Saichwan, China, on the first strike against Formosa. The Japanese had 100 bombers and 100 fighters at Shinchiku Airfield, and the bombers were landing as Hill's force arrived. The enemy managed to get seven fighters airborne, but they were promptly shot down. Forty-two Japanese airplanes were
853:
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in the AVG training program in Burma, and did well as a fighter pilot in the 2nd
Pursuit Squadron (the "Panda Bears") as a flight leader and then squadron commander, becoming one of the top aces under the tutelage of
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missionaries. The family returned to the United States when he was 15 months old. They eventually settled in San
Antonio, Texas, where his father was the minister of the First Presbyterian Church.
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over the
Japanese airfield at Tak, Thailand. He shot down two more on January 23, and became an ace the next day when he shot down a fighter and a bomber over Rangoon. In March, he succeeded
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with a P-51. Altogether, Hill was credited with destroying 18.25 enemy aircraft. The .25 kills comes from an assist; he and 3 other pilots worked together to shoot down a
Japanese
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Hill married Mazie Sale on March 27, 1943, two weeks after noticing her at the First
Presbyterian Church in Victoria, Texas while on leave, recovering from
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in Chattanooga, Tennessee, in 1934. While attending McCallie, he won the Tennessee Middleweight Championship in boxing in 1934. Tex then attended
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as squadron leader of the Second Squadron. By the time the AVG was disbanded in the summer of 1942, Hill was a double ace, credited with
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507:. Hill activated Guard units throughout the Gulf Coast and became the youngest brigadier general in the history of the
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destroyed, and twelve more were probably destroyed in the attack. The American force returned home with no casualties.
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After the deactivation of the Flying Tigers in July 1942, Hill was one of only five Flying Tigers to join its
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308:, from which he graduated in 1938. He was also a founding member of the Phi Sigma Alpha fraternity in 1932.
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461:. Before returning to the states in late 1944, Hill and his P-51 downed another six Japanese aircraft.
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319:. The boys had snuck out of church one Sunday, and paid for the flight with their collection money.
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observed "Tex" Hill Day with speeches, patriotic music, and friends' memories of the fallen hero.
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In 2002, he was conveyed an honorary lifetime membership in the U.S. Air Force Auxiliary (
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457:. He activated the 75th Fighter Squadron and later commanded the 23rd Fighter Group as a
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In 1941, he was recruited with other Navy, Army and Marine Corps pilots to join the 1st
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239:(July 13, 1915 – October 11, 2007) was an American fighter pilot and triple
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4th, 5th and 6th grades, 2-Star Wing Decorations, Chinese Victory Medal,
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568:. More than 2,000 people attended his funeral. He was buried at nearby
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Flying Tigers: Claire Chennault and His American Volunteers, 1941-1942
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The Lady and the Tigers: Remembering the Flying Tigers of World War II
1179:. San Antonio: Universal Bookbindery, Inc. pp. 32–34, 54, 63–64.
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384:. He sailed from San Francisco under a fake passport and arrived at
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Air Show in San Antonio was dedicated to Hill. It consisted of an
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Hill made his first kills on January 3, 1942, when he downed two
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Department of the Army, General Orders No. 9 (November 18, 2005)
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Recipients of the Distinguished Service Cross (United States)
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Recipients of the Distinguished Flying Cross (United Kingdom)
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93:
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Recipients of the Distinguished Flying Cross (United States)
1419:"Board Names New School David Lee "Tex" Hill Middle School"
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Hill died at the age of ninety-two on October 11, 2007, in
484:, America's first operational jet fighter group flying the
480:
In 1944, Hill returned to the U.S. and took command of the
586:
On November 2, 2008, the Air Force Heritage Flight at the
1207:. Houston, Texas: Lone Star Flight Museum. Archived from
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75th Fighter Squadron, 23d Fighter Group, Tenth Air Force
492:. He separated from active service in the USAAF in 1945.
495:
Postwar, in July 1946, Hill was asked by Texas Governor
613:
was named "Hill Middle School" after him in June 2013.
1632:"David Lee "Tex" Hill AVG Flying Tiger Ace, 18+ kills"
1372:
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Danini, Carmina; Christenson, Sig (October 16, 2007).
388:, Burma, on September 15, 1941. He learned to fly the
315:, when Marion P. Hair took Tex and a friend up in his
1685:
United States Army Air Forces pilots of World War II
1584:
Hill, David Lee; Schaupp, Reagan (August 30, 2003).
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United States Air Force personnel of the Korean War
331:in 1938, Hill enlisted in the United States Navy.
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380:(AVG), better known by its later nickname of the
1651:
1292:"World War II fighter ace 'Tex' Hill dies at 92"
515:, he served with the Texas Air National Guard.
464:It is believed that he was the first to down a
429:On Thanksgiving Day 1943, he led a force of 12
1038:
1750:Burials at Fort Sam Houston National Cemetery
1348:"Legendary Flying Tiger Tex Hill passes away"
542:in Houston, Texas. He was inducted into the
1583:
1403:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
1375:"Fredericksburg Museum to Honor 'Tex' Hill"
1373:KENS 5 Eyewitness News (October 29, 2007).
1354:. United States Air Force. October 15, 2007
1174:
1117:"Hill, David Lee [Tex] (1915–2007)"
339:in November 1939 and joined the fleet as a
1140:
1138:
1136:
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29:
1261:"David Lee "Tex" Hill Composite Squadron"
616:
1559:Flying Tigers: American Volunteer Group
367:
257:victories as a squadron leader with the
1629:
1475:"Valor awards for David Lee "Tex" Hill"
1131:
296:, San Antonio, Texas, in 1928 and from
1680:United States Army Air Forces officers
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1453:North East Independent School District
1423:North East Independent School District
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1100:
1087:. They were together until his death.
935:w/ 1 silver and bronze campaign stars
499:to activate and accept command of the
1175:Hill, David; Schaupp, Reagan (2003).
621:During his career he was awarded the
606:like the one Hill flew with the AVG.
304:for two years before transferring to
261:and another six as an officer in the
1609:
1569:. HarperCollins, Smithsonian Books.
1564:
908:Air Force Presidential Unit Citation
534:In 1999, Hill was inducted into the
518:He ended his military career in the
1381:. Hearst Newspapers. Archived from
1298:. Hearst Newspapers. Archived from
1097:
372:Hill climbs aboard his P-51 Mustang
285:, the youngest of four children of
13:
1544:
1235:The National Aviation Hall of Fame
1146:"Brig Gen David Lee Hill Obituary"
1125:Texas State Historical Association
1114:
1063:Date of Action: October 25, 1942
1042:
872:U.S. Air Force Command Pilot Badge
577:National Museum of the Pacific War
570:Fort Sam Houston National Cemetery
322:
14:
1776:
1720:Recipients of the Legion of Merit
1690:American World War II flying aces
1630:Sherman, Stephen (July 5, 2011).
1603:
1231:"Hill, David Lee, Enshrined 2006"
951:Air Force Longevity Service Award
1670:United States Air Force generals
1565:Ford, Daniel (August 21, 2007).
1496:"David Lee "Tex" and Mazie Hill"
1267:. Houston, Texas. Archived from
1078:
1016:Army, Navy & Air Force Medal
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343:torpedo bomber pilot aboard the
311:Hill's first flight occurred at
283:Korea (then under Japanese rule)
1740:Texas A&M University alumni
1514:
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1441:
1425:. June 17, 2013. Archived from
1411:
1366:
1328:. Holden, Missouri. May 3, 2008
633:with Oak Leaf Cluster, Chinese
363:
127:United States Air Force Reserve
16:United States Air Force general
1340:
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1237:. Dayton, Ohio. Archived from
1223:
1193:
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946:National Defense Service Medal
932:Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal
915:American Defense Service Medal
544:National Aviation Hall of Fame
1:
1765:American expatriates in Korea
1612:"Annals of the Flying Tigers"
1090:
1005:Order of the Cloud and Banner
992:Order of the Cloud and Banner
980:Order of the Cloud and Banner
911:w/ 1 bronze oak leaf cluster
904:w/ 1 bronze oak leaf cluster
635:Order of the Cloud and Banner
529:
447:United States Army Air Forces
276:
223:Order of the Cloud and Banner
123:United States Army Air Forces
1265:Texas Wing, Civil Air Patrol
629:with two Oak Leaf Clusters,
353:dive bomber squadron aboard
263:United States Army Air Corps
7:
1725:Recipients of the Air Medal
1675:United States Navy officers
1205:Texas Aviation Hall of Fame
1039:Distinguished Service Cross
879:Distinguished Service Cross
623:Distinguished Service Cross
536:Texas Aviation Hall of Fame
475:
335:Hill earned his wings as a
205:Distinguished Service Cross
119:Republic of China Air Force
10:
1781:
1735:San Antonio Academy alumni
1057:Major, U.S Army Air Forces
969:Distinguished Flying Cross
956:Armed Forces Reserve Medal
939:World War II Victory Medal
889:Distinguished Flying Cross
643:Distinguished Flying Cross
631:Presidential Unit Citation
627:Distinguished Flying Cross
228:Distinguished Flying Cross
213:Distinguished Flying Cross
35:Colonel "Tex" Hill in 1944
1610:Ford, Daniel (May 2018).
870:
650:
575:On November 2, 2007, the
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160:
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132:
108:
100:
79:
66:Korea under Japanese rule
48:
40:
28:
21:
1554:, ed. Daniel Ford. 2002.
1379:San Antonio Express-News
1326:Fighter Pilot University
1296:San Antonio Express-News
1150:Porter Loring Mortuaries
1026:China War Memorial Medal
566:congestive heart failure
505:Texas Air National Guard
378:American Volunteer Group
281:He was born in Gwangju,
177:1st Proving Ground Group
927:American Campaign Medal
540:Lone Star Flight Museum
449:(USAAF) successor, the
1730:American Presbyterians
1586:Tex Hill: Flying Tiger
1522:"David Lee "Tex" Hill"
1201:"David Lee "Tex" Hill"
1177:Tex Hill: Flying Tiger
1047:
617:Awards and decorations
373:
351:Vought SB2U Vindicator
327:After graduating from
243:. He is credited with
1745:Austin College alumni
1052:Hill, David Lee "Tex"
1046:
371:
292:"Tex" graduated from
181:75th Fighter Squadron
133:Years of service
1760:TMI Episcopal alumni
1700:Flying Tigers pilots
1385:on December 13, 2007
1352:Moody Air Force Base
609:Middle School 14 in
237:David Lee "Tex" Hill
1755:People from Gwangju
1616:The Warbird's Forum
1588:. Honoribus Press.
1500:Warbirds of America
1429:on November 1, 2016
1302:on October 19, 2007
1115:Taylor, Stephen E.
1031:(Republic of China)
1020:(Republic of China)
1011:(Republic of China)
998:(Republic of China)
987:(Republic of China)
501:136th Fighter Group
482:412th Fighter Group
453:, with the rank of
349:, before joining a
294:San Antonio Academy
169:412th Fighter Group
1449:"School Directory"
1048:
509:Air National Guard
490:P-80 Shooting Star
451:23rd Fighter Group
374:
269:. He retired as a
173:23rd Fighter Group
115:United States Navy
1576:978-0-06-124655-5
1526:Dayton Daily News
1502:. 9 February 2021
1156:on March 16, 2012
1121:Handbook of Texas
1036:
1035:
894:oak leaf clusters
866:
865:
524:brigadier general
520:Air Force Reserve
271:brigadier general
234:
233:
165:58th Fighter Wing
145:Brigadier General
75:
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1626:
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1599:
1580:
1550:Greenlaw, Olga.
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1455:. North East ISD
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1241:on June 28, 2018
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1152:. Archived from
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1112:
974:(United Kingdom)
961:hourglass device
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551:Civil Air Patrol
522:, retiring as a
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395:Claire Chennault
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230:(United Kingdom)
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83:October 11, 2007
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1545:Further reading
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1211:on May 18, 2017
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884:Legion of Merit
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639:Legion of Merit
619:
538:located at the
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323:Military career
317:Travel Air 4000
298:McCallie School
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209:Legion of Merit
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96:, United States
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1604:External links
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486:P-59 Airacomet
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341:TBD Devastator
329:Austin College
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23:David Lee Hill
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