466:; this was followed on 28 March with the surrender of the Dutch troops. Nyak Arif was chosen by the Acehnese people to lead the Government Committee of Aceh, and reluctantly collaborated with the Japanese forces; he later said of the period, "we had driven out dogs only to have pigs come." He was once arrested on the suspicion of leading an underground resistance force, but later released.
445:'s movements in Europe, Nyak Arif delivered a speech at a memorial service for Soetomo in 1938, which ended with the lines "By Allah, with Allah, for Allah. I promise to be faithful to my homeland, people, and religion, and to never betray the struggle." This oath was taken by other attendees as well, including
457:
With
Japanese forces approaching, on 8 March 1942 Nyak Arif joined several other Acehnese leaders in demanding self-determination. Three days later, eight of the leaders were arrested by Dutch forces by command of Colonel George Gosenson; Gosenson searched for Nyak Arif, but the latter was able to
33:
1010:
1611:
418:) in addition to his duties as Chief of Sagi XXVII Mukim. As a member of the council he would consistently criticise Dutch policies which he found to go against the interests of the Acehnese people; in another speech he said that the
1003:
474:; he reportedly refused to bow before the emperor in the Japanese tradition, although he did agree to nod. Upon returning to Aceh, he and Teuku Hasan delivered a speech permeated with subtle sarcasm about the greatness of the
996:
469:
When the
Japanese formed their own people's representative council for Aceh, Nyak Arif was chosen as its head. In 1943 he went to Japan with 14 other Sumatran leaders and brought before Emperor of Japan
502:, they were eventually all disarmed and returned to their homeland. On 17 January 1946 he was declared a titular major general while he served as a staff member to the Sumatran military commander.
1618:
1242:
1020:
1147:
355:. While at school, he demonstrated a dislike of the Dutch colonial government and their programs, at times disobeying commands from his teachers and refusing to take the
915:
320:
Teuku Nyak Banta and Cut Nyak Rayeuh; he also had five siblings from his father's two other wives. After graduating from elementary school in Banda Aceh, he moved to
1451:
1067:
1057:
1132:
498:
of Aceh. In this position he oversaw the
Japanese withdrawal from Aceh after refusing the Allies the right to do so; despite clashes with some Japanese troops in
1107:
1894:
3080:
2753:
1604:
1262:
1117:
1434:
1087:
1410:
1112:
1398:
68:
1463:
1422:
517:
157:
3075:
2969:
2733:
1217:
1347:
1232:
1137:
2718:
1393:
1377:
1062:
2799:
1887:
1322:
1272:
1247:
1182:
988:
1456:
1127:
964:
367:
Nyak Arif became active in politics beginning in 1919, when he joined the
Nationaal Indische Party, a continuation of the original
1307:
491:
334:) there. In 1911 he was chosen as the new leader of Sagi XXVI Mukim, but due to his age Nyak Arif was represented by his father.
923:
3085:
1880:
1287:
954:
881:
2027:
1735:
1403:
3060:
583:
Walah, Bilah, Tallah. Saya berjanji setia kepada tanah air, bangsa dan agaman, dan tidak mengkhianati perjuangan.
1596:
2243:
1679:
1674:
359:
allowance allocated to every
Acehnese student outside of Aceh. After graduating in 1915, he returned to Aceh.
2353:
1629:
2182:
3070:
2914:
1805:
1654:
1257:
1018:
3065:
2702:
1903:
542:
459:
284:
561:; the couple divorced before they had any children. His second marriage was to Jauhari, daughter of a
2899:
2253:
2062:
1947:
1785:
1317:
1102:
1042:
478:. In 1944 Nyak Arif was chosen to be deputy chief of the People's Representative Council of Sumatra.
3050:
2934:
2924:
2599:
2445:
2212:
2192:
2022:
1831:
1760:
1302:
2939:
2834:
2748:
2743:
2625:
2388:
1957:
1534:
1468:
1439:
1427:
1415:
1172:
2894:
2869:
2501:
2496:
2435:
2328:
2117:
2082:
1997:
1922:
1770:
1750:
1740:
1725:
1292:
1252:
1142:
429:
376:
2723:
2604:
2558:
2460:
2037:
1917:
1815:
1715:
1528:
1077:
1047:
525:
to prevent further bloodshed. He died on 4 April of the same year as from complications from
627:
625:
623:
621:
619:
3045:
3040:
2989:
2919:
2849:
2635:
2248:
2238:
2202:
2152:
2112:
2107:
2067:
1992:
1987:
1927:
1790:
1765:
1561:
1337:
1222:
1152:
1072:
372:
972:
8:
2979:
2839:
2470:
2465:
2440:
2430:
2303:
2278:
2052:
2032:
2002:
1962:
1352:
1267:
1177:
616:
2884:
2879:
2594:
2298:
1730:
1157:
562:
487:
380:
338:
337:
Upon finishing his studies in
Bukittinggi, Nyak Arif went to the leadership school for
499:
305:
178:
2783:
2768:
2676:
2343:
2007:
1810:
1664:
1634:
1367:
1122:
1052:
950:
903:
877:
463:
186:
3009:
2944:
2874:
2819:
2804:
2666:
2378:
2313:
2102:
2047:
1972:
1942:
1932:
1745:
1649:
1575:
1502:
1327:
1082:
495:
124:
715:
713:
711:
3014:
2999:
2984:
2909:
2859:
2844:
2829:
2824:
2645:
2584:
2455:
2087:
2042:
1967:
1836:
1626:
1212:
940:
867:
475:
316:, on 17 July 1899. He was the third of five siblings born to Chief of Sagi XXVII
280:
3055:
3019:
2974:
2929:
2854:
2620:
2553:
2532:
2450:
2333:
2273:
2263:
2097:
2077:
2057:
1872:
1861:
1795:
1755:
1684:
1282:
1237:
1207:
1197:
1167:
1162:
708:
557:
Nyak Arif's first marriage was to the daughter of Teuku
Maharaja, the chief of
368:
914:
631:
3034:
2949:
2889:
2758:
2697:
2671:
2630:
2537:
2348:
2308:
2268:
2258:
2222:
2187:
2177:
2132:
1846:
1775:
1556:
1202:
506:
412:
On 16 May 1927, Nyak Arif was selected to join the People's
Council of Aceh (
907:
383:; he became the party's head in Aceh. He also founded the Acehnese Society (
2994:
2954:
2904:
2738:
2728:
2661:
2640:
2579:
2563:
2283:
2217:
2017:
1982:
1851:
1841:
1710:
1700:
1659:
1446:
1372:
1362:
1227:
1097:
458:
escape detection. The following day, on 12 March 1942, the
Japanese forces
446:
442:
441:). With the nationalist movement gaining steam and the Dutch occupied with
406:
325:
2778:
2773:
2527:
2393:
2288:
2172:
2122:
1977:
1952:
1856:
1669:
1357:
1187:
558:
402:
321:
435:
In 1935 Nyak Arif became the head of the
Acehnese Football Association (
422:
was far from over. On 27 January 1930, he joined the National Fraction (
3004:
2864:
2522:
2517:
2425:
2373:
2197:
1937:
1720:
1705:
1092:
565:
police officer named Yazid. Together they had two sons and a daughter.
309:
182:
2964:
2959:
2814:
2809:
2409:
2363:
2338:
2318:
2293:
2137:
891:
963:
719:
2358:
2323:
2142:
2127:
2092:
2012:
1332:
530:
526:
471:
419:
202:
32:
2692:
2589:
2491:
2383:
2167:
2162:
2147:
2072:
1780:
1342:
1312:
1297:
1277:
1192:
971:(in Indonesian). Jakarta: Jakarta City Government. Archived from
665:
663:
546:
401:). Beginning in this period he became an ardent supporter of the
288:
2486:
2368:
2157:
348:
660:
2763:
1539:
1021:
Investigating Committee for Preparatory Work for Independence
511:
317:
287:. He has been given the nickname Rencong of Aceh, after the
494:
in 1945, on 3 October Nyak Arif was chosen to be the first
352:
313:
521:(feudalists)—Nyak Arif agreed to surrender himself to the
942:
Jejak-Jejak Pahlawan dari Sultan Agung hingga Syekh Yusuf
831:
809:
807:
794:
792:
790:
777:
775:
773:
760:
758:
947:
The Footsteps of Heroes from Sultan Agung to Syekh Yusuf
900:
Five Sons and Daughters of Aceh that are National Heroes
745:
743:
730:
728:
696:
686:
684:
682:
680:
678:
650:
648:
646:
644:
642:
640:
389:) and led the Aceh branches of the Islamic Youth Group (
107:
Member of the People's Representative Council of Sumatra
409:
social organisations, which continued until his death.
843:
819:
804:
787:
770:
755:
740:
725:
675:
637:
91:
Member of the People's Representative Council of Aceh
902:] (in Indonesian). Yogyakarta: U.P. Indonesia.
1490:
3032:
1902:
865:
669:
423:
876:] (in Indonesian). Jakarta: Kawan Pustaka.
1888:
1612:
1004:
918:[Struggle of the 'Rencong of Aceh'].
533:and was buried in Lam Nyong family cemetery.
3081:Members of the Volksraad (Dutch East Indies)
541:On 9 November 1974 Nyak Arif was declared a
436:
413:
396:
390:
384:
344:Opleiding School Voor Inlandsche Ambtenaren
342:
329:
1895:
1881:
1619:
1605:
1011:
997:
949:] (in Indonesian). Jakarta: Grasindo.
938:
837:
632:TokohIndonesia.com Perjuangan Si 'Rencong'
31:
896:Lima Putera-Puteri Aceh Pahlawan Nasional
549:through Presidential Decree 071/TK/1974.
890:
849:
825:
813:
798:
781:
764:
749:
734:
720:Jakarta City Government, Teuku Nyak Arif
702:
690:
654:
536:
279:(17 July 1899 – 4 May 1946) was an
3076:Members of the Central Advisory Council
866:Ajisaka, Arya; Damayanti, Dewi (2010).
492:Proclamation of Indonesian Independence
3033:
452:
432:. Nyak Arif left the council in 1931.
75:Member of the People's Council of Aceh
1876:
1600:
1288:Siti Sukaptinah Sunaryo Mangunpuspito
992:
328:, to study at the teacher's college (
2028:Ignatius Joseph Kasimo Hendrowahyono
1736:Ignatius Joseph Kasimo Hendrowahyono
362:
137:3 October 1945 – 4 May 1946
13:
14:
3097:
1243:Poerbonegoro Soemitro Kolopaking
552:
2764:Haji Abdul Malik Karim Amrullah
1825:Ethnic Arab and Chinese members
922:(in Indonesian). Archived from
588:
481:
1680:Cornelia Razoux Schultz-Metzer
1675:Jacob Christiaan Koningsberger
1576:Saibun Abdul Jalil Rahmat Sjah
916:"Perjuangan Si 'Rencong Aceh'"
596:Kita usir anjing, datang babi.
575:
509:—a power struggle between the
1:
605:
299:
3086:National Heroes of Indonesia
2183:Sutan Mohammad Amin Nasution
1904:National Heroes of Indonesia
670:Ajisaka & Damayanti 2010
395:) and Sumatran Youth Group (
294:
229:Tjut Nyak Jauhari (divorced)
7:
2915:Machmud Singgirei Rumagesan
1806:Tjokorda Gde Raka Soekawati
1655:Karel Albert Rudolf Bosscha
1258:Roosseno Soerjohadikoesoemo
869:Mengenal Pahlawan Indonesia
289:traditional Acehnese weapon
10:
3102:
2995:Syech Yusuf Tajul Khalwati
2703:Wilhelmus Zakaria Johannes
1580:Sjech Mohd. Djamil Djambek
1148:Jenal Asikin Wijaya Kusuma
543:National Hero of Indonesia
285:National Hero of Indonesia
2900:I Gusti Ngurah Made Agung
2792:
2711:
2685:
2654:
2613:
2572:
2546:
2510:
2479:
2418:
2402:
2254:Andi Abdullah Bau Massepe
2231:
2063:Lambertus Nicodemus Palar
1948:Alexander Andries Maramis
1910:
1824:
1786:Soetardjo Kartohadikusumo
1693:
1642:
1483:
1386:
1318:Soetardjo Kartohadikusumo
1103:Alexander Andries Maramis
1035:
1028:
939:Sudarmanto, Y.B. (1996).
874:Knowing Indonesian Heroes
270:
262:
257:
249:
245:Lamnyong Family Residence
241:
233:
225:
217:
213:Lam Nyong family cemetery
209:
192:
172:
167:
163:
151:
141:
130:
122:
111:
106:
95:
90:
79:
74:
62:
51:
47:Chief of Sagi XXVII Mukim
46:
42:
30:
23:
2935:Martha Christina Tiahahu
2925:Mahmud Shah III of Johor
2600:Ki Sarmidi Mangunsarkoro
2446:Donald Izacus Pandjaitan
2354:Soekanto Tjokrodiatmodjo
2213:Oemar Said Tjokroaminoto
2193:Sjafruddin Prawiranegara
2023:Ida Anak Agung Gde Agung
1832:Abdullah bin Alwi Alatas
1761:Oemar Said Tjokroaminoto
1303:Surachman Tjokroadisurjo
568:
515:(religious leaders) and
3061:Diabetes-related deaths
2940:Nuku Muhammad Amiruddin
2749:Albertus Soegijapranata
2626:Johannes Abraham Dimara
2389:Robert Wolter Mongisidi
1958:Andi Sultan Daeng Radja
1566:Mohd. Sjafei (chairman)
1535:Ferdinand Lumban Tobing
1452:Tanaka Minoru (soldier)
1173:Margono Djojohadikusumo
1068:Abdulrahim Pratalykrama
969:Encyclopedia of Jakarta
266:Major General (titular)
2895:I Gusti Ketut Jelantik
2870:Raja Haji Fisabilillah
2502:Wahidin Soedirohoesodo
2497:Tjipto Mangoenkoesoemo
2436:Mas Tirtodarmo Haryono
2329:Muhammad Mangundiprojo
2118:Rajiman Wediodiningrat
2083:Mohammad Husni Thamrin
1998:Ferdinand Lumbantobing
1923:Abdul Halim Majalengka
1771:Rajiman Wediodiningrat
1751:Mohammad Husni Thamrin
1741:Mangaradja Soangkoepon
1726:Bernard Wilhelm Lapian
1293:Soekiman Wirjosandjojo
1253:Rajiman Wediodiningrat
1143:Hoesein Djajadiningrat
1133:Boentaran Martoatmodjo
437:
430:Mohammad Husni Thamrin
424:
414:
397:
391:
385:
377:Tjipto Mangoenkoesoemo
343:
330:
304:Nyak Arif was born in
2724:Abdul Wahab Hasbullah
2605:Maria Walanda Maramis
2559:Wage Rudolf Supratman
2461:Sugiyono Mangunwiyoto
2038:Iwa Koesoemasoemantri
1988:Djoeanda Kartawidjaja
1918:Abdoel Kahar Moezakir
1816:Wiwoho Purbohadidjojo
1716:Achmad Djajadiningrat
1529:Djamaluddin Adinegoro
1108:Ashar Sutejo Munandar
1078:Abikusno Tjokrosujoso
1048:Abdoel Kahar Moezakir
537:Accolades and honours
16:Indonesian politician
2990:Sisingamangaraja XII
2920:Mahmud Badaruddin II
2850:Teungku Chik di Tiro
2744:As'ad Syamsul Arifin
2636:Pajonga Daeng Ngalie
2239:Abdul Haris Nasution
2203:Teuku Muhammad Hasan
2153:Sukarjo Wiryopranoto
2108:Oto Iskandar di Nata
2068:Maskoen Soemadiredja
1993:Ernest Douwes Dekker
1928:Abdurrahman Baswedan
1791:Sukarjo Wiryopranoto
1766:Oto Iskandar di Nata
1562:Teuku Mohammad Hasan
1338:Sukarjo Wiryopranoto
1223:Oto Iskandar di Nata
1153:Johannes Latuharhary
1073:Abdurrahman Baswedan
975:on 10 September 2011
398:Jong Sumatranen Bond
392:Jong Islamietan Bond
373:Ernest Douwes Dekker
2980:Ranggong Daeng Romo
2754:Bagoes Hadikoesoemo
2471:Sutoyo Siswomiharjo
2441:Katamso Darmokusumo
2431:Karel Satsuit Tubun
2279:Halim Perdanakusuma
2053:Kasman Singodimedjo
2033:I Gusti Ketut Pudja
2003:Gatot Mangkoepradja
1963:Arie Frederik Lasut
1353:Susanto Tirtoprodjo
1268:Samsi Sastrawidagda
1263:Ruslan Wongsokusumo
1178:Maria Ulfah Santoso
1118:Bagoes Hadikoesoemo
453:Japanese occupation
291:, for his bravery.
3071:Indonesian Muslims
2885:Tuanku Imam Bonjol
2595:Ki Hajar Dewantara
2369:Sutomo (Bung Tomo)
2299:I Gusti Ngurah Rai
2244:Abdul Rahman Saleh
1731:Cipto Mangunkusumo
1694:Indonesian members
1507:A. R. Sutan Mansur
1491:Indonesian members
1435:Matsuura Mitsukiyo
1158:Ki Hajar Dewantara
1088:Agus Muhsin Dasaad
1036:Indonesian members
920:TokohIndonesia.com
490:to the Allies and
488:Japanese surrender
438:Acehse Voetbalbond
381:Ki Hajar Dewantara
339:native Indonesians
37:Artist's depiction
3066:Governors of Aceh
3028:
3027:
2784:Nyai Ahmad Dahlan
2677:Tirto Adhi Soerjo
2344:Oerip Soemohardjo
2314:R. E. Martadinata
2008:Hamengkubuwono IX
1870:
1869:
1811:Wiranatakusumah V
1665:Hubertus van Mook
1635:Dutch East Indies
1594:
1593:
1590:
1589:
1569:Perpatih Baringek
1479:
1478:
1411:Itagaki Masamitsu
1368:Wiranatakusumah V
1123:Besar Mertokusumo
1113:Asikin Natanegara
1053:Abdul Fatah Hasan
965:"Teuku Nyak Arif"
956:978-979-553-111-1
883:978-979-757-430-7
705:, pp. 49–50.
363:Entry to politics
351:on the island of
274:
273:
205:, Aceh, Indonesia
187:Dutch East Indies
3093:
3010:Thaha Syaifuddin
2945:Nyi Ageng Serang
2875:Hamengkubuwono I
2820:Andi Mappanyukki
2667:Mohammad Tabrani
2379:T. B. Simatupang
2103:Opu Daeng Risaju
2048:Johannes Leimena
1973:Bagindo Azizchan
1943:Adnan Kapau Gani
1933:Achmad Soebardjo
1897:
1890:
1883:
1874:
1873:
1746:Mangkunegara VII
1650:Paul Alex Blaauw
1643:European members
1621:
1614:
1607:
1598:
1597:
1525:Chatib Soeleiman
1503:Adnan Kapau Gani
1488:
1487:
1472:
1460:
1443:
1431:
1419:
1407:
1399:Itibangase Yosio
1387:Japanese members
1328:Sosrodiningrat V
1083:Achmad Soebardjo
1033:
1032:
1013:
1006:
999:
990:
989:
984:
982:
980:
960:
935:
933:
931:
926:on 20 April 2012
911:
887:
853:
847:
841:
835:
829:
823:
817:
811:
802:
796:
785:
779:
768:
762:
753:
747:
738:
732:
723:
717:
706:
700:
694:
688:
673:
667:
658:
652:
635:
629:
599:
592:
586:
579:
440:
427:
417:
400:
394:
388:
358:
346:
333:
283:nationalist and
258:Military service
199:
168:Personal details
154:
144:
135:
125:Governor of Aceh
116:
100:
84:
69:Teuku Nyak Banta
65:
56:
35:
21:
20:
3101:
3100:
3096:
3095:
3094:
3092:
3091:
3090:
3051:Acehnese people
3031:
3030:
3029:
3024:
3015:Untung Surapati
3000:Tuanku Tambusai
2985:Ratu Kalinyamat
2910:La Maddukelleng
2860:Cut Nyak Meutia
2845:Bataha Santiago
2840:Sultan Babullah
2830:Prince Antasari
2825:Aria Wangsakara
2810:Ageng Tirtayasa
2788:
2707:
2681:
2650:
2646:Syarif Kasim II
2609:
2585:Herman Johannes
2568:
2542:
2506:
2475:
2456:Siswondo Parman
2419:Revolutionaries
2414:
2398:
2227:
2208:Teuku Nyak Arif
2088:Mohammad Natsir
2043:Izaak Huru Doko
1968:Arnold Mononutu
1906:
1901:
1871:
1866:
1837:Han Tiauw Tjong
1820:
1801:Teuku Nyak Arif
1689:
1638:
1627:Members of the
1625:
1595:
1586:
1498:Teuku Nyak Arif
1475:
1466:
1464:Tokonami Tokuji
1454:
1437:
1425:
1423:Masuda Toyohiko
1413:
1401:
1382:
1213:Oey Tiang Tjoei
1024:
1019:Members of the
1017:
987:
978:
976:
957:
929:
927:
884:
856:
848:
844:
838:Sudarmanto 1996
836:
832:
824:
820:
812:
805:
797:
788:
780:
771:
763:
756:
748:
741:
733:
726:
718:
709:
701:
697:
689:
676:
668:
661:
653:
638:
630:
617:
608:
603:
602:
593:
589:
580:
576:
571:
555:
539:
484:
476:Empire of Japan
455:
425:Fraksi Nasional
386:Aceh Vereniging
365:
356:
302:
297:
277:Teuku Nyak Arif
253:Rencong of Aceh
201:
197:
177:
158:Teuku Daud Syah
152:
142:
136:
131:
117:
112:
101:
96:
85:
80:
63:
57:
52:
38:
26:
25:Teuku Nyak Arif
17:
12:
11:
5:
3099:
3089:
3088:
3083:
3078:
3073:
3068:
3063:
3058:
3053:
3048:
3043:
3026:
3025:
3023:
3022:
3020:Zainal Mustafa
3017:
3012:
3007:
3002:
2997:
2992:
2987:
2982:
2977:
2975:Radin Inten II
2972:
2970:Raden Mattaher
2967:
2962:
2957:
2952:
2947:
2942:
2937:
2932:
2930:Mangkunegara I
2927:
2922:
2917:
2912:
2907:
2902:
2897:
2892:
2887:
2882:
2877:
2872:
2867:
2862:
2857:
2855:Cut Nyak Dhien
2852:
2847:
2842:
2837:
2832:
2827:
2822:
2817:
2812:
2807:
2802:
2796:
2794:
2790:
2789:
2787:
2786:
2781:
2776:
2771:
2769:Hasyim Asy'ari
2766:
2761:
2756:
2751:
2746:
2741:
2736:
2734:Ahmad Hanafiah
2731:
2726:
2721:
2715:
2713:
2709:
2708:
2706:
2705:
2700:
2695:
2689:
2687:
2683:
2682:
2680:
2679:
2674:
2669:
2664:
2658:
2656:
2652:
2651:
2649:
2648:
2643:
2638:
2633:
2628:
2623:
2621:Frans Kaisiepo
2617:
2615:
2611:
2610:
2608:
2607:
2602:
2597:
2592:
2587:
2582:
2576:
2574:
2570:
2569:
2567:
2566:
2561:
2556:
2554:Ismail Marzuki
2550:
2548:
2544:
2543:
2541:
2540:
2535:
2533:Mohammad Yamin
2530:
2525:
2520:
2514:
2512:
2508:
2507:
2505:
2504:
2499:
2494:
2489:
2483:
2481:
2477:
2476:
2474:
2473:
2468:
2463:
2458:
2453:
2451:Pierre Tendean
2448:
2443:
2438:
2433:
2428:
2422:
2420:
2416:
2415:
2413:
2412:
2406:
2404:
2400:
2399:
2397:
2396:
2391:
2386:
2381:
2376:
2371:
2366:
2361:
2356:
2351:
2346:
2341:
2336:
2334:Muhammad Yasin
2331:
2326:
2321:
2316:
2311:
2306:
2301:
2296:
2291:
2286:
2281:
2276:
2274:Gatot Soebroto
2271:
2266:
2264:Djamin Ginting
2261:
2256:
2251:
2246:
2241:
2235:
2233:
2229:
2228:
2226:
2225:
2220:
2215:
2210:
2205:
2200:
2195:
2190:
2185:
2180:
2175:
2170:
2165:
2160:
2155:
2150:
2145:
2140:
2135:
2130:
2125:
2120:
2115:
2110:
2105:
2100:
2098:Nani Wartabone
2095:
2090:
2085:
2080:
2078:Mohammad Hatta
2075:
2070:
2065:
2060:
2058:Kusumah Atmaja
2055:
2050:
2045:
2040:
2035:
2030:
2025:
2020:
2015:
2010:
2005:
2000:
1995:
1990:
1985:
1980:
1975:
1970:
1965:
1960:
1955:
1950:
1945:
1940:
1935:
1930:
1925:
1920:
1914:
1912:
1908:
1907:
1900:
1899:
1892:
1885:
1877:
1868:
1867:
1865:
1864:
1862:Phoa Liong Gie
1859:
1854:
1849:
1844:
1839:
1834:
1828:
1826:
1822:
1821:
1819:
1818:
1813:
1808:
1803:
1798:
1796:Tadjuddin Noor
1793:
1788:
1783:
1778:
1773:
1768:
1763:
1758:
1756:Mohammad Yamin
1753:
1748:
1743:
1738:
1733:
1728:
1723:
1718:
1713:
1708:
1703:
1697:
1695:
1691:
1690:
1688:
1687:
1685:Karel Zaalberg
1682:
1677:
1672:
1667:
1662:
1657:
1652:
1646:
1644:
1640:
1639:
1624:
1623:
1616:
1609:
1601:
1592:
1591:
1588:
1587:
1585:
1584:
1581:
1578:
1573:
1570:
1567:
1564:
1559:
1554:
1551:
1548:
1545:
1542:
1537:
1532:
1526:
1523:
1520:
1517:
1514:
1511:
1508:
1505:
1500:
1494:
1492:
1485:
1481:
1480:
1477:
1476:
1474:
1473:
1461:
1449:
1444:
1432:
1420:
1408:
1396:
1390:
1388:
1384:
1383:
1381:
1380:
1375:
1370:
1365:
1360:
1355:
1350:
1345:
1340:
1335:
1330:
1325:
1320:
1315:
1310:
1305:
1300:
1295:
1290:
1285:
1283:Sastromoeljono
1280:
1275:
1270:
1265:
1260:
1255:
1250:
1245:
1240:
1238:Parada Harahap
1235:
1230:
1225:
1220:
1218:Oey Tjong Hauw
1215:
1210:
1208:Mohammad Yamin
1205:
1200:
1198:Mohammad Hatta
1195:
1190:
1185:
1180:
1175:
1170:
1168:Liem Koen Hian
1165:
1163:Kusumah Atmaja
1160:
1155:
1150:
1145:
1140:
1135:
1130:
1125:
1120:
1115:
1110:
1105:
1100:
1095:
1090:
1085:
1080:
1075:
1070:
1065:
1060:
1055:
1050:
1045:
1039:
1037:
1030:
1026:
1025:
1016:
1015:
1008:
1001:
993:
986:
985:
961:
955:
936:
912:
888:
882:
862:
855:
854:
842:
840:, p. 239.
830:
818:
803:
786:
769:
754:
739:
724:
707:
695:
674:
672:, p. 177.
659:
636:
614:
607:
604:
601:
600:
587:
573:
572:
570:
567:
554:
551:
538:
535:
483:
480:
454:
451:
415:Volksraad Aceh
369:Indische Party
364:
361:
301:
298:
296:
293:
272:
271:
268:
267:
264:
260:
259:
255:
254:
251:
247:
246:
243:
239:
238:
235:
231:
230:
227:
223:
222:
219:
215:
214:
211:
207:
206:
200:(aged 46)
194:
190:
189:
174:
170:
169:
165:
164:
161:
160:
155:
149:
148:
145:
139:
138:
128:
127:
120:
119:
109:
108:
104:
103:
93:
92:
88:
87:
77:
76:
72:
71:
66:
60:
59:
49:
48:
44:
43:
40:
39:
36:
28:
27:
24:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3098:
3087:
3084:
3082:
3079:
3077:
3074:
3072:
3069:
3067:
3064:
3062:
3059:
3057:
3054:
3052:
3049:
3047:
3044:
3042:
3039:
3038:
3036:
3021:
3018:
3016:
3013:
3011:
3008:
3006:
3003:
3001:
2998:
2996:
2993:
2991:
2988:
2986:
2983:
2981:
2978:
2976:
2973:
2971:
2968:
2966:
2963:
2961:
2958:
2956:
2953:
2951:
2950:Pakubuwono VI
2948:
2946:
2943:
2941:
2938:
2936:
2933:
2931:
2928:
2926:
2923:
2921:
2918:
2916:
2913:
2911:
2908:
2906:
2903:
2901:
2898:
2896:
2893:
2891:
2890:Iskandar Muda
2888:
2886:
2883:
2881:
2878:
2876:
2873:
2871:
2868:
2866:
2863:
2861:
2858:
2856:
2853:
2851:
2848:
2846:
2843:
2841:
2838:
2836:
2833:
2831:
2828:
2826:
2823:
2821:
2818:
2816:
2813:
2811:
2808:
2806:
2805:Achmad Rifa'i
2803:
2801:
2798:
2797:
2795:
2791:
2785:
2782:
2780:
2777:
2775:
2772:
2770:
2767:
2765:
2762:
2760:
2757:
2755:
2752:
2750:
2747:
2745:
2742:
2740:
2737:
2735:
2732:
2730:
2727:
2725:
2722:
2720:
2717:
2716:
2714:
2710:
2704:
2701:
2699:
2698:Siti Hartinah
2696:
2694:
2691:
2690:
2688:
2684:
2678:
2675:
2673:
2672:Ruhana Kuddus
2670:
2668:
2665:
2663:
2660:
2659:
2657:
2653:
2647:
2644:
2642:
2639:
2637:
2634:
2632:
2631:Marthen Indey
2629:
2627:
2624:
2622:
2619:
2618:
2616:
2612:
2606:
2603:
2601:
2598:
2596:
2593:
2591:
2588:
2586:
2583:
2581:
2578:
2577:
2575:
2571:
2565:
2562:
2560:
2557:
2555:
2552:
2551:
2549:
2545:
2539:
2538:Raja Ali Haji
2536:
2534:
2531:
2529:
2526:
2524:
2521:
2519:
2516:
2515:
2513:
2509:
2503:
2500:
2498:
2495:
2493:
2490:
2488:
2485:
2484:
2482:
2478:
2472:
2469:
2467:
2464:
2462:
2459:
2457:
2454:
2452:
2449:
2447:
2444:
2442:
2439:
2437:
2434:
2432:
2429:
2427:
2424:
2423:
2421:
2417:
2411:
2408:
2407:
2405:
2401:
2395:
2392:
2390:
2387:
2385:
2384:Usman Janatin
2382:
2380:
2377:
2375:
2372:
2370:
2367:
2365:
2362:
2360:
2357:
2355:
2352:
2350:
2349:Slamet Rijadi
2347:
2345:
2342:
2340:
2337:
2335:
2332:
2330:
2327:
2325:
2322:
2320:
2317:
2315:
2312:
2310:
2309:Keumalahayati
2307:
2305:
2302:
2300:
2297:
2295:
2292:
2290:
2287:
2285:
2282:
2280:
2277:
2275:
2272:
2270:
2269:Djatikoesoemo
2267:
2265:
2262:
2260:
2259:Basuki Rahmat
2257:
2255:
2252:
2250:
2247:
2245:
2242:
2240:
2237:
2236:
2234:
2230:
2224:
2223:Zainul Arifin
2221:
2219:
2216:
2214:
2211:
2209:
2206:
2204:
2201:
2199:
2196:
2194:
2191:
2189:
2188:Sutan Sjahrir
2186:
2184:
2181:
2179:
2178:Soerjopranoto
2176:
2174:
2171:
2169:
2166:
2164:
2161:
2159:
2156:
2154:
2151:
2149:
2146:
2144:
2141:
2139:
2136:
2134:
2133:Sam Ratulangi
2131:
2129:
2126:
2124:
2121:
2119:
2116:
2114:
2111:
2109:
2106:
2104:
2101:
2099:
2096:
2094:
2091:
2089:
2086:
2084:
2081:
2079:
2076:
2074:
2071:
2069:
2066:
2064:
2061:
2059:
2056:
2054:
2051:
2049:
2046:
2044:
2041:
2039:
2036:
2034:
2031:
2029:
2026:
2024:
2021:
2019:
2016:
2014:
2011:
2009:
2006:
2004:
2001:
1999:
1996:
1994:
1991:
1989:
1986:
1984:
1981:
1979:
1976:
1974:
1971:
1969:
1966:
1964:
1961:
1959:
1956:
1954:
1951:
1949:
1946:
1944:
1941:
1939:
1936:
1934:
1931:
1929:
1926:
1924:
1921:
1919:
1916:
1915:
1913:
1909:
1905:
1898:
1893:
1891:
1886:
1884:
1879:
1878:
1875:
1863:
1860:
1858:
1855:
1853:
1850:
1848:
1847:Ko Kwat Tiong
1845:
1843:
1840:
1838:
1835:
1833:
1830:
1829:
1827:
1823:
1817:
1814:
1812:
1809:
1807:
1804:
1802:
1799:
1797:
1794:
1792:
1789:
1787:
1784:
1782:
1779:
1777:
1776:Sam Ratulangi
1774:
1772:
1769:
1767:
1764:
1762:
1759:
1757:
1754:
1752:
1749:
1747:
1744:
1742:
1739:
1737:
1734:
1732:
1729:
1727:
1724:
1722:
1719:
1717:
1714:
1712:
1709:
1707:
1704:
1702:
1699:
1698:
1696:
1692:
1686:
1683:
1681:
1678:
1676:
1673:
1671:
1668:
1666:
1663:
1661:
1658:
1656:
1653:
1651:
1648:
1647:
1645:
1641:
1636:
1632:
1631:
1622:
1617:
1615:
1610:
1608:
1603:
1602:
1599:
1582:
1579:
1577:
1574:
1571:
1568:
1565:
1563:
1560:
1558:
1557:Daud Beureueh
1555:
1552:
1550:Indra Tjahaja
1549:
1546:
1544:Hsu Hua Chang
1543:
1541:
1538:
1536:
1533:
1530:
1527:
1524:
1521:
1518:
1515:
1512:
1509:
1506:
1504:
1501:
1499:
1496:
1495:
1493:
1489:
1486:
1484:Sumatra BPUPK
1482:
1470:
1465:
1462:
1458:
1453:
1450:
1448:
1445:
1441:
1436:
1433:
1429:
1424:
1421:
1417:
1412:
1409:
1405:
1400:
1397:
1395:
1392:
1391:
1389:
1385:
1379:
1376:
1374:
1371:
1369:
1366:
1364:
1361:
1359:
1356:
1354:
1351:
1349:
1348:Suryohamijoyo
1346:
1344:
1341:
1339:
1336:
1334:
1331:
1329:
1326:
1324:
1321:
1319:
1316:
1314:
1311:
1309:
1306:
1304:
1301:
1299:
1296:
1294:
1291:
1289:
1286:
1284:
1281:
1279:
1276:
1274:
1271:
1269:
1266:
1264:
1261:
1259:
1256:
1254:
1251:
1249:
1246:
1244:
1241:
1239:
1236:
1234:
1233:Panji Singgih
1231:
1229:
1226:
1224:
1221:
1219:
1216:
1214:
1211:
1209:
1206:
1204:
1203:Mohammad Noor
1201:
1199:
1196:
1194:
1191:
1189:
1186:
1184:
1181:
1179:
1176:
1174:
1171:
1169:
1166:
1164:
1161:
1159:
1156:
1154:
1151:
1149:
1146:
1144:
1141:
1139:
1138:Hindromartono
1136:
1134:
1131:
1129:
1126:
1124:
1121:
1119:
1116:
1114:
1111:
1109:
1106:
1104:
1101:
1099:
1096:
1094:
1091:
1089:
1086:
1084:
1081:
1079:
1076:
1074:
1071:
1069:
1066:
1064:
1061:
1059:
1056:
1054:
1051:
1049:
1046:
1044:
1041:
1040:
1038:
1034:
1031:
1027:
1022:
1014:
1009:
1007:
1002:
1000:
995:
994:
991:
974:
970:
966:
962:
958:
952:
948:
944:
943:
937:
925:
921:
917:
913:
909:
905:
901:
897:
893:
889:
885:
879:
875:
871:
870:
864:
863:
861:
860:
852:, p. 57.
851:
850:Kamajaya 1981
846:
839:
834:
828:, p. 56.
827:
826:Kamajaya 1981
822:
816:, p. 55.
815:
814:Kamajaya 1981
810:
808:
801:, p. 54.
800:
799:Kamajaya 1981
795:
793:
791:
784:, p. 53.
783:
782:Kamajaya 1981
778:
776:
774:
767:, p. 52.
766:
765:Kamajaya 1981
761:
759:
752:, p. 51.
751:
750:Kamajaya 1981
746:
744:
737:, p. 50.
736:
735:Kamajaya 1981
731:
729:
721:
716:
714:
712:
704:
703:Kamajaya 1981
699:
693:, p. 49.
692:
691:Kamajaya 1981
687:
685:
683:
681:
679:
671:
666:
664:
657:, p. 47.
656:
655:Kamajaya 1981
651:
649:
647:
645:
643:
641:
633:
628:
626:
624:
622:
620:
615:
613:
612:
597:
591:
584:
578:
574:
566:
564:
560:
553:Personal life
550:
548:
545:by President
544:
534:
532:
528:
524:
520:
519:
514:
513:
508:
507:Cumbok Affair
503:
501:
497:
493:
489:
479:
477:
473:
467:
465:
461:
450:
448:
444:
439:
433:
431:
426:
421:
416:
410:
408:
404:
399:
393:
387:
382:
378:
374:
370:
360:
354:
350:
345:
340:
335:
332:
327:
323:
319:
315:
311:
307:
292:
290:
286:
282:
278:
269:
265:
261:
256:
252:
248:
244:
240:
236:
232:
228:
224:
220:
216:
212:
210:Resting place
208:
204:
195:
191:
188:
184:
180:
175:
171:
166:
162:
159:
156:
150:
146:
140:
134:
129:
126:
121:
115:
110:
105:
99:
94:
89:
83:
78:
73:
70:
67:
61:
55:
50:
45:
41:
34:
29:
22:
19:
2955:Pakubuwono X
2905:Kiras Bangun
2835:Sultan Agung
2739:Ahmad Sanusi
2729:Ahmad Dahlan
2719:Abdul Chalim
2662:Ilyas Yakoub
2641:Silas Papare
2580:Dewi Sartika
2564:Usmar Ismail
2518:Abdoel Moeis
2403:Independence
2284:Harun Thohir
2218:Wahid Hasyim
2207:
2018:Idham Chalid
1983:Tjilik Riwut
1852:Khouw Kim An
1842:Hok Hoei Kan
1800:
1711:Abdul Rasjid
1701:Abdoel Rivai
1660:Dick de Hoog
1628:
1553:M. A. Sjarif
1497:
1447:Miyano Shozo
1394:Ide Teitiroo
1378:Wuryaningrat
1373:Wongsonegoro
1363:Wahid Hasyim
1228:P. F. Dahler
1098:Ahmad Sanusi
1063:Abdul Kaffar
977:. Retrieved
973:the original
968:
946:
941:
928:. Retrieved
924:the original
919:
899:
895:
873:
868:
859:Bibliography
858:
857:
845:
833:
821:
698:
610:
609:
595:
590:
582:
577:
556:
540:
522:
516:
510:
504:
485:
482:Independence
468:
456:
447:Daud Bereueh
443:Adolf Hitler
434:
411:
407:Muhammadiyah
366:
336:
326:West Sumatra
303:
276:
275:
198:(1946-05-04)
176:17 July 1899
153:Succeeded by
147:Post created
132:
113:
97:
81:
53:
18:
3046:1946 deaths
3041:1899 births
2800:Abdul Kadir
2779:Mas Mansoer
2774:Lafran Pane
2686:Development
2614:Integration
2528:Amir Hamzah
2492:Dr. Soetomo
2394:Yos Sudarso
2289:Hasan Basry
2173:Ario Soerjo
2123:Rasuna Said
1978:B.W. Lapian
1953:Andi Djemma
1857:Loa Sek Hie
1670:Jan Jonkman
1637:(1918–1942)
1531:(secretary)
1513:Abdul Abbas
1467: [
1455: [
1438: [
1426: [
1414: [
1402: [
1358:Tan Eng Hoa
1188:Mas Mansoer
1058:Abdul Kadir
1043:Abdul Halim
594:Original: "
581:Original: "
559:Lhokseumawe
505:During the
403:Taman Siswa
371:founded by
331:kweekschool
322:Bukittinggi
218:Nationality
143:Preceded by
64:Preceded by
3035:Categories
3005:Teuku Umar
2880:Hasanuddin
2865:Diponegoro
2759:Fakhruddin
2523:Agus Salim
2480:Resistance
2426:Ahmad Yani
2249:Adisucipto
2198:Tan Malaka
2113:P. M. Noor
1938:Adam Malik
1721:Agus Salim
1706:Abdul Muis
1516:Aminoeddin
1510:A. Sjagoff
1093:Agus Salim
1029:Java BPUPK
979:14 January
930:14 January
606:References
518:ulèëbalang
486:After the
428:), led by
310:Banda Aceh
306:Ulèë Lheuë
300:Early life
221:Indonesian
196:4 May 1946
183:Koetaradja
179:Ulèë Lheuë
2965:Pong Tiku
2960:Pattimura
2815:Andi Depu
2573:Education
2410:Fatmawati
2364:Supriyadi
2339:Noer Alie
2319:Mas Isman
2294:Iswahyudi
2138:Samanhudi
1911:Political
1630:Volksraad
611:Footnotes
295:Biography
242:Residence
133:In office
118:1943–1945
114:In office
102:1942–1945
98:In office
86:1927–1931
82:In office
58:1911–1946
54:In office
2793:Struggle
2712:Religion
2511:Literary
2466:Suprapto
2359:Sudirman
2324:Moestopo
2304:John Lie
2232:Military
2143:Soekarni
2128:Sahardjo
2093:Moewardi
2013:Hazairin
1583:Tjik Wan
1572:Pirngadi
1333:Sudirman
1323:Soewandi
1273:Samsudin
1248:Purubojo
1183:Mas Aris
908:65644873
894:(1981).
892:Kamajaya
531:Takengon
527:diabetes
496:resident
472:Hirohito
420:Aceh War
281:Acehnese
250:Nickname
234:Children
203:Takengon
123:1st
2693:Suharso
2590:Kartini
2374:Syam'un
2168:Soeroso
2163:Soepomo
2148:Sukarno
2073:Masjkur
1781:Soeroso
1633:of the
1547:Ibrahim
1522:Azairin
1343:Sukarno
1313:Soeroso
1298:Soepomo
1278:Sartono
1193:Masjkur
1128:Bintoro
1023:(BPUPK)
547:Suharto
500:Bireuën
2487:Alimin
2158:Supeno
1308:Soerjo
953:
906:
880:
563:Minang
464:Sabang
460:landed
379:, and
349:Banten
226:Spouse
3056:BPUPK
2655:Press
1540:Hamka
1471:]
1459:]
1442:]
1430:]
1418:]
1406:]
945:[
898:[
872:[
569:Notes
523:ulama
512:ulama
347:) in
318:Mukim
1519:Amir
981:2012
951:ISBN
932:2012
904:OCLC
878:ISBN
405:and
357:f 10
353:Java
314:Aceh
263:Rank
193:Died
173:Born
2547:Art
529:in
462:at
3037::
1469:ja
1457:ja
1440:ja
1428:ja
1416:ja
1404:ja
967:.
806:^
789:^
772:^
757:^
742:^
727:^
710:^
677:^
662:^
639:^
618:^
449:.
375:,
324:,
312:,
308:,
185:,
181:,
1896:e
1889:t
1882:v
1620:e
1613:t
1606:v
1012:e
1005:t
998:v
983:.
959:.
934:.
910:.
886:.
722:.
634:.
598:"
585:"
341:(
237:3
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
