31:
1770:
61:
spends at a scheduled stop without moving. Typically, this time is spent boarding or deboarding passengers and baggage, but it may also be spent waiting for traffic ahead to clear, trying to merge into parallel traffic, or idling time in order to get back on schedule. Dwell time is one common measure
86:
The structure of the rail station can also have an effect on dwell times. Narrow platforms, structural elements in front of doors, or generally poor access in and out of the station, can all have an effect on dwell times. Passengers need to wait within the train for others to move away, so that they
117:
The main predictor of dwell times varies widely by mode, time, and line. However, dwell times are usually affected mostly by the number of passengers needing to board and alight from a vehicle. Density imbalance along the platform and between vehicles is mainly due to human and motivational factors
82:
attempt to solve the problem of long dwell times by designing large numbers of doors in the rolling stock. Another solution is to increase the width of doors, but that is often ineffective as there are other bottlenecks within the rail vehicle, such as stairs, or a large number of other passengers
77:
Passengers who want to board and alight from a train need time to do so. Almost always passengers disembark first, and then passengers waiting on a platform board. A variety of different factors determine how long this takes, including the size of the door on the train, the number of passengers
109:. Specialised trains with locations to store luggage can help reduce dwell times, but on metro rail systems, passengers with luggage can be crowded in with all other passengers.
146:
Passengers equi-distribution along the platform and between vehicles. Agent and motivation-based simulation can help to establish better architectural and behavioral (
94:
One solution to the problem of long dwell times, particularly at busy stations, is to design stations with platforms on both sides of the train. This is called the
140:
Expedite or eliminate fare payment at the point of entry to the vehicle. Fares may be paid before the arrival of the vehicle as is done in rapid transit systems.
74:
increase where the dwell times are high. Dwell times are an important focus for rail systems; a reduction in a dwell time can often result in a reduced headway.
101:
Dwell times for rail services to airports can be very long. Passengers are carrying luggage, and this makes boarding and alighting take much longer.
208:
1494:
232:"Testing the Generality of a Passenger Disregarded Train Dwell Time Estimation Model at Short Stops: Both Comparison and Theoretical Approaches"
439:
137:
Make the vehicle entrance level and flush with the platform, eliminating the need for special wheelchair access apparatus/procedures.
262:
399:
Transferability of multi-agent modeling and simulation: Inter-station behavior of SNCF passengers during platform-train exchanges
1416:
1814:
1408:
338:
17:
276:"Estimation of train dwell time at short stops based on track occupation event data: A study at a Dutch railway station"
128:
Subway overcrowding in New York City has resulted in increased dwell times and travel delays, especially after 2014.
1794:
1621:
1540:
586:
1809:
432:
1225:
593:
125:. Often, the driver will also be required to secure the passenger in addition to operating the ramp or lift.
1649:
1611:
543:
456:
787:
685:
1659:
1550:
1473:
1458:
581:
275:
1799:
1591:
1581:
1427:
1318:
425:
121:
In the case of bus transit in particular, one cause for major delays at stops is passengers using a
1804:
1616:
1720:
1680:
1626:
263:
https://www.matec-conferences.org/articles/matecconf/pdf/2016/10/matecconf_iconcees2016_03005.pdf
1378:
1358:
1102:
1097:
849:
78:
waiting to board, or the step height from the platform to the floor of the car of the vehicle.
30:
1735:
1715:
1530:
1363:
1023:
705:
511:
209:"Dwelling on dwell-times — Estimating the economic benefits of speeding up Auckland's trains"
106:
1710:
1675:
1403:
1373:
1328:
1139:
1018:
732:
695:
516:
308:
105:
have become popular since the 1970s and many new airports are constructed with high speed
8:
1750:
1730:
1545:
1240:
1119:
912:
907:
603:
553:
501:
62:
of efficiency in public transport, with shorter dwell times being universally desirable.
1504:
1305:
932:
737:
720:
643:
1463:
1129:
1064:
1030:
655:
598:
481:
346:
102:
1774:
1690:
1654:
1644:
1601:
1596:
1576:
1571:
1453:
1398:
1368:
859:
819:
757:
638:
623:
618:
538:
496:
448:
287:
243:
95:
91:, are often quite constrained in space, and passenger flow rates can be very poor.
1489:
1323:
1159:
980:
864:
834:
777:
665:
650:
122:
1705:
1606:
1586:
1422:
1343:
1134:
1059:
988:
782:
573:
309:"How to collect data to simulate the dynamic of trains-passengers' interaction"
39:
1788:
1755:
1700:
1295:
1280:
1260:
1255:
998:
884:
767:
727:
715:
608:
474:
350:
150:) recommendations by testing a variety of hypothetical scenarios and effects.
79:
1769:
1740:
1725:
1525:
1509:
1499:
1468:
1448:
1432:
1393:
1353:
1348:
1333:
1290:
1013:
792:
700:
613:
528:
491:
248:
231:
1745:
1383:
1245:
1215:
1205:
993:
960:
940:
797:
558:
143:
Board passengers through multiple doors (also called "all-door boarding")
88:
54:
1685:
1555:
1275:
1270:
1190:
1092:
970:
950:
902:
869:
839:
804:
747:
675:
670:
633:
563:
548:
523:
506:
469:
337:
Fessenden, Ford; Fitzsimmons, Emma G.; Lai, Rebecca K.K. (2017-06-28).
1388:
1338:
1285:
1200:
1154:
1124:
1114:
1054:
1008:
965:
955:
874:
844:
829:
772:
628:
486:
397:
292:
168:
809:
1220:
1210:
1195:
1185:
1164:
1144:
1109:
1087:
1049:
1040:
1003:
917:
690:
660:
417:
1535:
1412:
1250:
1180:
1082:
922:
894:
824:
814:
710:
71:
87:
may alight. Older stations, especially those constructed before
1235:
1230:
1149:
854:
680:
533:
70:
Dwell times are particularly important for a rail system. Rail
35:
339:"Every New York City Subway Line Is Getting Worse. Here's Why"
945:
58:
371:
1310:
1265:
879:
742:
464:
27:
Time a vehicle spends at a scheduled stop without moving
336:
169:"Dwell time - Transportation Research Thesaurus (TRT)"
53:
refers to the time a vehicle such as a public transit
131:
112:
1786:
118:(minimising distance and time at the arrival)
433:
440:
426:
369:
291:
273:
247:
194:Analyzing transit travel time performance
191:
29:
395:
306:
206:
14:
1787:
421:
447:
24:
1612:Transit-oriented development (TOD)
372:"Agent-based and crowd simulation"
280:Journal of Advanced Transportation
236:Journal of Advanced Transportation
25:
1826:
274:D’Acierno, Luca (14 April 2016).
207:Donovan, Stu (January 23, 2017).
132:Methods of minimizing dwell times
1768:
1622:Transportation demand management
402:(These de doctorat). Paris, CNAM
396:Elleuch, Fatma (19 March 2019).
389:
113:Causes of increased dwell times
65:
363:
330:
307:Elleuch, Fatma (August 2018).
300:
267:
256:
223:
200:
185:
161:
13:
1:
594:Autonomous Rail Rapid Transit
154:
1650:Passenger information system
229:
34:Dwell time at a bus stop in
7:
1815:Scheduling (transportation)
788:Demand-responsive transport
686:Medium-capacity rail system
83:not boarding or alighting.
10:
1831:
1551:Public transport timetable
582:Passenger rail terminology
192:Levinson, Herbert (1983).
1764:
1668:
1635:
1582:Green transport hierarchy
1564:
1518:
1482:
1441:
1319:Automated fare collection
1304:
1173:
1073:
1039:
979:
931:
893:
756:
572:
455:
1617:Transportation authority
1795:Transportation planning
1681:Bus rapid transit creep
1627:Transportation planning
316:CogSci 2018 Proceedings
1379:Manual fare collection
1359:Farebox recovery ratio
850:Personal rapid transit
42:
1810:Transport reliability
1736:Sustainable transport
1716:Passenger load factor
1531:Clock-face scheduling
1364:Free public transport
1216:Bus turnout (bus bay)
913:Real-time ridesharing
706:Platform screen doors
33:
1775:Transport portal
1711:Outline of transport
1404:Reduced fare program
1374:Integrated ticketing
1329:Contract of carriage
1140:Personal transporter
696:Narrow-gauge railway
544:Rail replacement bus
318:. pp. 1645–1950
249:10.1155/2018/8521576
1751:Transport economics
1546:On-time performance
1541:Night (owl) service
1241:Interchange station
1120:Horse-drawn vehicle
908:Flexible carpooling
716:Metro/Rapid Transit
51:terminal dwell time
45:In transportation,
18:Terminal dwell time
1505:Standing passenger
768:Auto rickshaw taxi
738:Suspension railway
721:Rubber-tyred metro
644:Heritage streetcar
549:Share taxi/Taxibus
343:The New York Times
230:Li, Dewei (2018).
211:. Greater Auckland
103:Airport rail links
80:Metro rail systems
43:
1782:
1781:
1474:Transport network
1464:Non-revenue track
1130:Inclined elevator
1065:Inclined elevator
1031:Inclined elevator
656:Higher-speed rail
599:Airport rail link
482:Bus rapid transit
16:(Redirected from
1822:
1800:Public transport
1773:
1772:
1691:Destination sign
1655:Platform display
1645:Destination sign
1602:Transit district
1597:Street hierarchy
1577:Complete streets
1572:Airport security
1454:Cross-city route
1399:Proof-of-payment
1369:Free travel pass
860:Public light bus
820:Hackney carriage
639:Heritage railway
624:Elevated railway
619:Cross-city route
539:Public light bus
497:Cross-city route
449:Public transport
442:
435:
428:
419:
418:
412:
411:
409:
407:
393:
387:
386:
384:
382:
367:
361:
360:
358:
357:
334:
328:
327:
325:
323:
313:
304:
298:
297:
295:
293:10.1002/atr.1380
271:
265:
260:
254:
253:
251:
227:
221:
220:
218:
216:
204:
198:
197:
189:
183:
182:
180:
179:
165:
107:rail connections
96:Spanish Solution
21:
1830:
1829:
1825:
1824:
1823:
1821:
1820:
1819:
1805:Bus terminology
1785:
1784:
1783:
1778:
1767:
1760:
1664:
1637:
1631:
1560:
1514:
1490:Checked baggage
1478:
1437:
1324:Bus advertising
1308:
1300:
1169:
1160:Trackless train
1103:Scooter-sharing
1098:Bicycle-sharing
1075:
1069:
1035:
975:
927:
889:
865:Pulled rickshaw
835:Motorcycle taxi
778:Combination bus
759:
752:
666:Inter-city rail
651:High-speed rail
568:
451:
446:
416:
415:
405:
403:
394:
390:
380:
378:
370:SpirOps Crowd.
368:
364:
355:
353:
335:
331:
321:
319:
311:
305:
301:
272:
268:
261:
257:
228:
224:
214:
212:
205:
201:
190:
186:
177:
175:
167:
166:
162:
157:
134:
123:wheelchair lift
115:
68:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1828:
1818:
1817:
1812:
1807:
1802:
1797:
1780:
1779:
1765:
1762:
1761:
1759:
1758:
1753:
1748:
1743:
1738:
1733:
1728:
1723:
1718:
1713:
1708:
1706:Land transport
1703:
1698:
1693:
1688:
1683:
1678:
1672:
1670:
1666:
1665:
1663:
1662:
1657:
1652:
1647:
1641:
1639:
1633:
1632:
1630:
1629:
1624:
1619:
1614:
1609:
1607:Transit police
1604:
1599:
1594:
1589:
1587:Rail subsidies
1584:
1579:
1574:
1568:
1566:
1562:
1561:
1559:
1558:
1553:
1548:
1543:
1538:
1533:
1528:
1522:
1520:
1516:
1515:
1513:
1512:
1507:
1502:
1497:
1492:
1486:
1484:
1480:
1479:
1477:
1476:
1471:
1466:
1461:
1459:Network length
1456:
1451:
1445:
1443:
1439:
1438:
1436:
1435:
1430:
1425:
1423:Ticket machine
1420:
1406:
1401:
1396:
1391:
1386:
1381:
1376:
1371:
1366:
1361:
1356:
1351:
1346:
1344:Fare avoidance
1341:
1336:
1331:
1326:
1321:
1315:
1313:
1302:
1301:
1299:
1298:
1293:
1288:
1283:
1278:
1273:
1268:
1263:
1258:
1253:
1248:
1243:
1238:
1233:
1228:
1226:Ferry terminal
1223:
1218:
1213:
1208:
1203:
1198:
1193:
1188:
1183:
1177:
1175:
1171:
1170:
1168:
1167:
1162:
1157:
1152:
1147:
1142:
1137:
1135:Moving walkway
1132:
1127:
1122:
1117:
1112:
1107:
1106:
1105:
1100:
1090:
1085:
1079:
1077:
1071:
1070:
1068:
1067:
1062:
1060:Moving walkway
1057:
1052:
1046:
1044:
1037:
1036:
1034:
1033:
1028:
1027:
1026:
1021:
1011:
1006:
1001:
996:
991:
989:Aerial tramway
985:
983:
977:
976:
974:
973:
968:
963:
958:
953:
948:
943:
937:
935:
929:
928:
926:
925:
920:
915:
910:
905:
899:
897:
891:
890:
888:
887:
882:
877:
872:
867:
862:
857:
852:
847:
842:
837:
832:
827:
822:
817:
812:
807:
802:
801:
800:
795:
785:
783:Cycle rickshaw
780:
775:
770:
764:
762:
754:
753:
751:
750:
745:
740:
735:
733:Street running
730:
725:
724:
723:
713:
708:
703:
698:
693:
688:
683:
678:
673:
668:
663:
658:
653:
648:
647:
646:
636:
631:
626:
621:
616:
611:
606:
601:
596:
591:
590:
589:
578:
576:
570:
569:
567:
566:
561:
556:
551:
546:
541:
536:
531:
526:
521:
520:
519:
509:
504:
499:
494:
489:
484:
479:
478:
477:
472:
461:
459:
453:
452:
445:
444:
437:
430:
422:
414:
413:
388:
362:
329:
299:
286:(5): 877–896.
266:
255:
222:
199:
184:
159:
158:
156:
153:
152:
151:
144:
141:
138:
133:
130:
114:
111:
67:
64:
40:Czech Republic
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1827:
1816:
1813:
1811:
1808:
1806:
1803:
1801:
1798:
1796:
1793:
1792:
1790:
1777:
1776:
1771:
1763:
1757:
1756:Micromobility
1754:
1752:
1749:
1747:
1744:
1742:
1739:
1737:
1734:
1732:
1729:
1727:
1724:
1722:
1719:
1717:
1714:
1712:
1709:
1707:
1704:
1702:
1701:Hail and ride
1699:
1697:
1694:
1692:
1689:
1687:
1684:
1682:
1679:
1677:
1674:
1673:
1671:
1667:
1661:
1658:
1656:
1653:
1651:
1648:
1646:
1643:
1642:
1640:
1634:
1628:
1625:
1623:
1620:
1618:
1615:
1613:
1610:
1608:
1605:
1603:
1600:
1598:
1595:
1593:
1590:
1588:
1585:
1583:
1580:
1578:
1575:
1573:
1570:
1569:
1567:
1563:
1557:
1554:
1552:
1549:
1547:
1544:
1542:
1539:
1537:
1534:
1532:
1529:
1527:
1524:
1523:
1521:
1517:
1511:
1508:
1506:
1503:
1501:
1498:
1496:
1493:
1491:
1488:
1487:
1485:
1481:
1475:
1472:
1470:
1467:
1465:
1462:
1460:
1457:
1455:
1452:
1450:
1447:
1446:
1444:
1440:
1434:
1431:
1429:
1426:
1424:
1421:
1418:
1414:
1410:
1407:
1405:
1402:
1400:
1397:
1395:
1392:
1390:
1387:
1385:
1382:
1380:
1377:
1375:
1372:
1370:
1367:
1365:
1362:
1360:
1357:
1355:
1352:
1350:
1347:
1345:
1342:
1340:
1337:
1335:
1332:
1330:
1327:
1325:
1322:
1320:
1317:
1316:
1314:
1312:
1307:
1303:
1297:
1296:Transport hub
1294:
1292:
1289:
1287:
1284:
1282:
1281:Train station
1279:
1277:
1276:Taxicab stand
1274:
1272:
1269:
1267:
1264:
1262:
1261:Park and ride
1259:
1257:
1256:Metro station
1254:
1252:
1249:
1247:
1244:
1242:
1239:
1237:
1234:
1232:
1229:
1227:
1224:
1222:
1219:
1217:
1214:
1212:
1209:
1207:
1204:
1202:
1199:
1197:
1194:
1192:
1189:
1187:
1184:
1182:
1179:
1178:
1176:
1172:
1166:
1163:
1161:
1158:
1156:
1153:
1151:
1148:
1146:
1143:
1141:
1138:
1136:
1133:
1131:
1128:
1126:
1123:
1121:
1118:
1116:
1113:
1111:
1108:
1104:
1101:
1099:
1096:
1095:
1094:
1091:
1089:
1086:
1084:
1081:
1080:
1078:
1072:
1066:
1063:
1061:
1058:
1056:
1053:
1051:
1048:
1047:
1045:
1042:
1038:
1032:
1029:
1025:
1022:
1020:
1017:
1016:
1015:
1012:
1010:
1007:
1005:
1002:
1000:
999:Cable railway
997:
995:
992:
990:
987:
986:
984:
982:
978:
972:
969:
967:
964:
962:
959:
957:
954:
952:
949:
947:
944:
942:
939:
938:
936:
934:
930:
924:
921:
919:
916:
914:
911:
909:
906:
904:
901:
900:
898:
896:
892:
886:
883:
881:
878:
876:
873:
871:
868:
866:
863:
861:
858:
856:
853:
851:
848:
846:
843:
841:
838:
836:
833:
831:
828:
826:
823:
821:
818:
816:
813:
811:
808:
806:
803:
799:
796:
794:
791:
790:
789:
786:
784:
781:
779:
776:
774:
771:
769:
766:
765:
763:
761:
755:
749:
746:
744:
741:
739:
736:
734:
731:
729:
728:Regional rail
726:
722:
719:
718:
717:
714:
712:
709:
707:
704:
702:
699:
697:
694:
692:
689:
687:
684:
682:
679:
677:
674:
672:
669:
667:
664:
662:
659:
657:
654:
652:
649:
645:
642:
641:
640:
637:
635:
632:
630:
627:
625:
622:
620:
617:
615:
612:
610:
609:Commuter rail
607:
605:
602:
600:
597:
595:
592:
588:
585:
584:
583:
580:
579:
577:
575:
571:
565:
562:
560:
557:
555:
552:
550:
547:
545:
542:
540:
537:
535:
532:
530:
527:
525:
522:
518:
515:
514:
513:
512:Intercity bus
510:
508:
505:
503:
500:
498:
495:
493:
490:
488:
485:
483:
480:
476:
473:
471:
468:
467:
466:
463:
462:
460:
458:
454:
450:
443:
438:
436:
431:
429:
424:
423:
420:
401:
400:
392:
377:
373:
366:
352:
348:
344:
340:
333:
317:
310:
303:
294:
289:
285:
281:
277:
270:
264:
259:
250:
245:
241:
237:
233:
226:
210:
203:
195:
188:
174:
170:
164:
160:
149:
145:
142:
139:
136:
135:
129:
126:
124:
119:
110:
108:
104:
99:
97:
92:
90:
84:
81:
75:
73:
63:
60:
56:
52:
48:
41:
37:
32:
19:
1766:
1741:Timing point
1726:Request stop
1695:
1669:Other topics
1526:Bus bunching
1510:Travel class
1469:Radial route
1449:Circle route
1433:Transit pass
1394:Penalty fare
1354:Fare evasion
1349:Fare capping
1334:Dead mileage
1291:Transit mall
1014:Gondola lift
793:Microtransit
701:People mover
614:Circle route
529:Open top bus
492:Circle route
404:. Retrieved
398:
391:
379:. Retrieved
375:
365:
354:. Retrieved
342:
332:
320:. Retrieved
315:
302:
283:
279:
269:
258:
239:
235:
225:
213:. Retrieved
202:
193:
187:
176:. Retrieved
172:
163:
147:
127:
120:
116:
100:
93:
85:
76:
69:
66:Rail systems
50:
46:
44:
1746:Transit map
1721:Public good
1638:and signage
1495:First class
1409:Smart cards
1384:Money train
1246:Kassel kerb
1206:Bus station
994:Cable ferry
961:Ocean liner
941:Cable ferry
798:Paratransit
559:Transit bus
554:Shuttle bus
502:Express bus
457:Bus service
215:2 September
173:trt.trb.org
89:World War I
1789:Categories
1696:Dwell time
1686:Crush load
1636:Technology
1556:Short turn
1519:Scheduling
1483:Facilities
1271:Queue jump
1191:Bus garage
1093:Carsharing
971:Water taxi
951:Hovercraft
903:Car jockey
895:Carpooling
870:Share taxi
840:Marshrutka
805:Dollar van
748:Tram-train
676:Light rail
671:Interurban
634:Heavy rail
564:Trolleybus
524:Marshrutka
507:Guided bus
356:2017-06-30
178:2017-06-30
155:References
47:dwell time
1660:Timetable
1389:Paid area
1339:Exit fare
1306:Ticketing
1286:Tram stop
1201:Bus stand
1174:Locations
1155:Slope car
1125:Hyperloop
1115:Escalator
1076:transport
1055:Escalator
1043:transport
1009:Funicular
966:Vaporetto
956:Hydrofoil
875:Songthaew
845:Nanny van
830:Limousine
773:Boda boda
629:Funicular
604:Cable car
487:Charabanc
351:0362-4331
1676:Boarding
1592:Security
1565:Politics
1428:Transfer
1221:Dry dock
1211:Bus stop
1196:Bus lane
1186:Bus bulb
1165:Vactrain
1145:Robotaxi
1110:Elevator
1088:Airliner
1050:Elevator
1041:Building
1024:tricable
1004:Elevator
918:Slugging
760:for hire
758:Vehicles
691:Monorail
661:Horsecar
587:glossary
242:: 1–16.
72:headways
1731:Service
1536:Headway
1500:Sleeper
1442:Routing
1417:Calypso
1413:CIPURSE
1251:Layover
1181:Airport
1083:Airline
1019:bicable
923:Vanpool
885:Tuk tuk
825:Jeepney
815:Gondola
711:Railbus
406:10 June
381:10 June
376:SpirOps
322:10 June
148:nudging
1236:Harbor
1231:Hangar
1150:Shweeb
855:Pesero
810:Dolmuş
681:Maglev
534:Pesero
517:driver
470:driver
349:
36:Prague
1311:fares
1074:Other
981:Cable
946:Ferry
312:(PDF)
59:train
1309:and
1266:Port
933:Ship
880:Taxi
743:Tram
574:Rail
475:list
408:2019
383:2019
347:ISSN
324:2019
240:2018
217:2018
465:Bus
288:doi
244:doi
57:or
55:bus
49:or
1791::
1415:,
374:.
345:.
341:.
314:.
284:50
282:.
278:.
238:.
234:.
171:.
98:.
38:,
1419:)
1411:(
441:e
434:t
427:v
410:.
385:.
359:.
326:.
296:.
290::
252:.
246::
219:.
196:.
181:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
