1018:
1099:. In 1970, Stevens noticed that the cell populations that gave rise to teratomas were very similar to the cells of very early embryos. For this reason, the so-called "teratoma assay" is one of the gold-standard validation assays for pluripotent stem cells. Because differentiated human pluripotent stem cells are being developed as the basis for numerous regenerative medicine therapies, there is concern that residual undifferentiated stem cells could lead to teratoma formation in injected patients, and researchers are working to develop methods to address this concern.
32:
315:
307:
685:
677:
3659:
771:", was identified as a serious complication. Patients develop a multistage illness that progresses from psychosis, memory deficits, seizures, and language disintegration into a state of unresponsiveness with catatonic features often associated with abnormal movements, and autonomic and breathing instability. Testicular teratomas present as a palpable mass in the testis;
1062:, but is not extremely rare. Sacrococcygeal teratoma alone is diagnosed at birth in one out of 40,000 humans. Given the current human population and birth rate, this equals five per day or 1800 per year. Add to that number sacrococcygeal teratomas diagnosed later in life, and teratomas in other locales, and the
974:
Although often described as benign, a teratoma does have malignant potential. A UK study of 351 infants and children diagnosed with "benign" teratoma reported 227 with MT, 124 with IT. Five years after surgery, event-free survival was 92.2% and 85.9%, respectively, and overall survival was 99% and
556:
occurs or a large amount of blood flows through the tumor (known as vascular steal). The mass effect frequently consists of obstruction of normal passage of fluids from surrounding organs. The vascular steal can place a strain on the growing heart of the fetus, even resulting in heart failure, thus
375:
Gliomatosis peritoneii, which presents as a deposition of mature glial cells in the peritoneum, is almost exclusively seen in conjunction with cases of ovarian teratoma. Through genetic studies of exome sequence, it was found that gliomatosis is genetically identical to the parent ovarian tumor and
947:
complete resection). Teratomas are normally well-encapsulated and noninvasive of surrounding tissues, hence they are relatively easy to resect from surrounding tissues. Exceptions include teratomas in the brain, and very large, complex teratomas that have pushed into and become interlaced with
905:
has been found in a mature cystic teratoma at the time of initial surgery. A grade 1 immature teratoma that appears to be benign (e.g., because AFP is not elevated) has a much higher risk of malignancy, and requires adequate follow-up. This grade of teratoma also may be difficult to diagnose
3081:
Marina NM, Cushing B, Giller R, Cohen L, Lauer SJ, Ablin A, et al. (July 1999). "Complete surgical excision is effective treatment for children with immature teratomas with or without malignant elements: A Pediatric
Oncology Group/Children's Cancer Group Intergroup Study".
889:. Finally, a teratoma can be pure and not malignant yet highly aggressive; this is exemplified by growing teratoma syndrome, in which chemotherapy eliminates the malignant elements of a mixed tumor, leaving pure teratoma, which paradoxically begins to grow very rapidly.
3117:
Cushing B, Giller R, Ablin A, Cohen L, Cullen J, Hawkins E, et al. (August 1999). "Surgical resection alone is effective treatment for ovarian immature teratoma in children and adolescents: a report of the pediatric oncology group and the children's cancer group".
982:(βhCG), which can be used in clinical practice to monitor the successful treatment or relapse in patients with a known HCG-secreting teratoma. This hormone is not recommended as a diagnostic marker, because most teratomas do not secrete it. Some teratomas secrete
318:
Mature teratoma of the mediastinum: A horizontal slice of the resected tumor reveals fibrofatty tissue, calcified areas, and a few cystic spaces lined with smooth membrane and containing a hair. In the left lower corner, the involved B5 bronchus is
410:
and fetiform teratoma are rare forms of mature teratomas that include one or more components resembling a malformed fetus. Both forms may contain or appear to contain complete organ systems, even major body parts, such as a torso or limbs. Fetus
913:
A teratoma with malignant transformation is a very rare form of teratoma that may contain elements of somatic malignant tumors such as leukemia, carcinoma, or sarcoma. Of 641 children with pure teratoma, nine developed TMT: five carcinoma, two
906:
correctly. It can be confused with other small round cell neoplasms such as neuroblastoma, small cell carcinoma of hypercalcemic type, primitive neuroectodermal tumor, Wilm's tumor, desmoplastic small round cell tumor, and non-Hodgkin
1090:
Pluripotent stem cells including human induced pluripotent stem cells have a unique property of being able to generate teratomas when injected in rodents in the research laboratory. The roots of this observation has been attributed to
3733:
323:
A mature teratoma is a grade 0 teratoma. They are highly variable in form and histology, and may be solid, cystic, or a combination of the two. A mature teratoma often contains several different types of tissue such as
1102:
New research has looked at utilizing the human teratoma in chimeric animal studies as a promising platform for modeling multi-lineage human development, pan-tissue functional genetic screening, and tissue engineering.
1724:"Multiregion exome sequencing of ovarian immature teratomas reveals 2N near-diploid genomes, paucity of somatic mutations, and extensive allelic imbalances shared across mature, immature, and disseminated components"
274:
Teratomas occur in the coccyx in about one in 30,000 newborns, making them one of the most common tumors in this age group. Females are affected more often than males. Ovarian teratomas represent about a quarter of
723:
tumors. Many teratomas are not diagnosed until much later in childhood or in adulthood. Large tumors are more likely to be diagnosed early on. Sacrococcygeal and cervical teratomas are often detected by prenatal
3760:
2785:
Ramalingam P, Teague D, Reid-Nicholson M (August 2008). "Imprint cytology of high-grade immature ovarian teratoma: a case report, literature review, and distinction from other ovarian small round cell tumors".
2609:
Arioz DT, Tokyol C, Sahin FK, Koker G, Yilmaz S, Yilmazer M, Ozalp S (2008). "Squamous cell carcinoma arising in a mature cystic teratoma of the ovary in young patient with elevated carbohydrate antigen 19-9".
849:
Teratomas are also classified by their content; a solid teratoma contains only tissues (perhaps including more complex structures); a cystic teratoma contains only pockets of fluid or semifluid such as
2758:
Hawkins E, Issacs H, Cushing B, Rogers P (November 1993). "Occult malignancy in neonatal sacrococcygeal teratomas. A report from a
Combined Pediatric Oncology Group and Children's Cancer Group study".
966:
Teratomas that are in surgically inaccessible locations, or are very complex, or are likely to be malignant (due to late discovery and/or treatment) sometimes are treated first with chemotherapy.
3663:
544:, they can be seen during routine prenatal ultrasound exams. Teratomas within the fetal body are less easily seen with ultrasound; for these, MRI of the pregnant uterus is more informative.
975:
95.1%. A similar study in Italy reported on 183 infants and children diagnosed with teratoma. At 10 years after surgery, event-free and overall survival were 90.4% and 98%, respectively.
4475:
2461:
Ohno Y, Kanematsu T (October 1998). "An endodermal sinus tumor arising from a mature cystic teratoma in the retroperitoneum in a child: is a mature teratoma a premalignant condition?".
598:; teratomas of germ cell origin may or may not be congenital. The kind of pluripotent cell appears to be unimportant, apart from constraining the location of the teratoma in the body.
2496:
Utsuki S, Oka H, Sagiuchi T, Shimizu S, Suzuki S, Fujii K (June 2007). "Malignant transformation of intracranial mature teratoma to yolk sac tumor after late relapse. Case report".
2081:
Danzer E, Hubbard AM, Hedrick HL, Johnson MP, Wilson RD, Howell LJ, et al. (October 2006). "Diagnosis and characterization of fetal sacrococcygeal teratoma with prenatal MRI".
790:. Its detection may help to confirm the diagnosis and is often used as a marker for recurrence or treatment efficacy, but is rarely the method of initial diagnosis. (Maternal serum
629:. Teratomas may also occur elsewhere: very rarely in solid organs (most notably the heart and liver) and hollow organs (such as the stomach and bladder), and more commonly on the
3038:
Lo Curto M, D'Angelo P, Cecchetto G, Klersy C, Dall'Igna P, Federico A, et al. (April 2007). "Mature and immature teratomas: results of the first paediatric
Italian study".
458:
is reported to occupy a fluid-filled cyst within a mature teratoma. Cysts within mature teratomas may have partially-developed organ systems: reports include cases of partial
2151:
Shintaku M, Sakuma T, Ohbayashi C, Maruo M (April 2017). "Well-formed cerebellum and brainstem-like structures in a mature ovarian teratoma: Neuropathological observations".
2829:
Biskup W, Calaminus G, Schneider DT, Leuschner I, Göbel U (2006). "Teratoma with malignant transformation: experiences of the cooperative GPOH protocols MAKEI 83/86/89/96".
529:
Teratomas may be found in babies, children, and adults. Teratomas of embryonal origin are most often found in babies at birth, in young children, and, since the advent of
2229:
Sergi C, Ehemann V, Beedgen B, Linderkamp O, Otto HF (1999). "Huge fetal sacrococcygeal teratoma with a completely formed eye and intratumoral DNA ploidy heterogeneity".
2680:
Ukiyama E, Endo M, Yoshida F, Tezuka T, Kudo K, Sato S, et al. (July 2005). "Recurrent yolk sac tumor following resection of a neonatal immature gastric teratoma".
732:. In rare circumstances, the tumor is so large that the fetus may be damaged or die. In the case of large sacrococcygeal teratomas, a significant portion of the fetus'
2539:
Chen YH, Chang CH, Chen KC, Diau GY, Loh IW, Chu CC (May 2007). "Malignant transformation of a well-organized sacrococcygeal fetiform teratoma in a newborn male".
1009:
Adequate follow-up requires close observation, involving repeated physical examination, scanning (ultrasound, MRI, or CT), and measurement of AFP and/or βhCG.
763:
of the ovary or irritation of its ligaments. A recently discovered condition where ovarian teratomas cause encephalitis associated with antibodies against the
978:
Depending on which tissue(s) it contains, a teratoma may secrete a variety of chemicals with systemic effects. Some teratomas secrete the "pregnancy hormone"
3807:
858:, or fat; a mixed teratoma contains both solid and cystic parts. Cystic teratomas usually are grade 0 and, conversely, grade 0 teratomas usually are cystic.
388:
is a mature cystic teratoma containing hair (sometimes very abundant) and other structures characteristic of normal skin and other tissues derived from the
267:
Treatment of coccyx, testicular, and ovarian teratomas is generally by surgery. Testicular and immature ovarian teratomas are also frequently treated with
3603:
McDonald, Daniella; Wu, Yan; Dailamy, Amir; Tat, Justin; Parekh, Udit; Zhao, Dongxin; Hu, Michael; Tipps, Ann; Zhang, Kun; Mali, Prashant (2020-11-25).
4436:
4292:
2872:
Aktuğ T, Hakgüder G, Sarioğlu S, Akgür FM, Olguner M, Pabuçcuoğlu U (March 2000). "Sacrococcygeal extraspinal ependymomas: the role of coccygectomy".
3454:"Human induced pluripotent stem cells develop teratoma more efficiently and faster than human embryonic stem cells regardless the site of injection"
4962:
660:
Concerning the origin of teratomas, numerous hypotheses exist. These hypotheses are not to be confused with the unrelated hypothesis that fetus
755:
Beyond the newborn period, symptoms of a teratoma depend on its location and organ of origin. Ovarian teratomas often present with abdominal or
5136:
5131:
3713:
3702:
3691:
4062:
2272:
Arlikar JD, Mane SB, Dhende NP, Sanghavi Y, Valand AG, Butale PR (March 2009). "Fetus in fetu: two case reports and review of literature".
1989:
Kazez A, Ozercan IH, Erol FS, Faik
Ozveren M, Parmaksiz E (August 2002). "Sacrococcygeal heart: a very rare differentiation in teratoma".
4800:
3900:
861:
Grades 0, 1, and 2 pure teratomas have the potential to become malignant (grade 3), and malignant pure teratomas have the potential to
283:. They can occur in both children and adults. The term comes from the Greek word for "monster" plus the "-oma" suffix used for tumors.
540:(Altman types I, II, and III) and cervical (neck) teratoma. Because these teratomas project from the fetal body into the surrounding
430:
is controversial. It has been noted that fetiform teratoma is reported more often (by gynecologists) in ovarian teratomas, and fetus
5244:
4129:
2723:
Bilik R, Shandling B, Pope M, Thorner P, Weitzman S, Ein SH (September 1993). "Malignant benign neonatal sacrococcygeal teratoma".
2574:
Hopkins KL, Dickson PK, Ball TI, Ricketts RR, O'Shea PA, Abramowsky CR (October 1997). "Fetus-in-fetu with malignant recurrence".
846:(cancerous); and 3 or frankly malignant. If frankly malignant, the tumor is a cancer for which additional cancer staging applies.
4876:
4785:
865:. These rare forms of teratoma with malignant transformation may contain elements of somatic (not germ cell) malignancy such as
260:. Most ovarian teratomas are mature. In adults, testicular teratomas are generally cancerous. Definitive diagnosis is based on a
4429:
221:
Symptoms may be minimal if the tumor is small. A testicular teratoma may present as a painless lump. Complications may include
4866:
4757:
4350:
2367:
Harms D, Zahn S, Göbel U, Schneider DT (2006). "Pathology and molecular biology of teratomas in childhood and adolescence".
877:. A teratoma may contain elements of other germ cell tumors, in which case it is not a pure teratoma, but rather is a mixed
4955:
4594:
4312:
1826:
Saito K, Katsumata Y, Hirabuki T, Kato K, Yamanaka M (2007). "Fetus-in-fetu: parasite or neoplasm? A study of two cases".
5143:
4996:
4795:
4556:
4512:
1778:
352:
Immature teratoma is the malignant counterpart of the mature teratoma and contains immature tissues which typically show
4780:
4017:
1931:
1542:
1434:
1282:
4881:
4823:
4422:
4055:
4000:
1569:
1515:
1488:
1461:
1402:
1344:
1314:
1209:
1138:
3257:
Catone G, Marino G, Mancuso R, Zanghì A (April 2004). "Clinicopathological features of an equine ovarian teratoma".
426:
Most authorities agree that fetiform teratomas are highly developed mature teratomas; the natural history of fetus
4924:
4790:
4480:
4322:
4317:
5153:
5229:
5176:
4948:
4919:
4272:
4100:
4095:
2637:
Muscatello L, Giudice M, Feltri M (November 2005). "Malignant cervical teratoma: report of a case in a newborn".
768:
287:
3520:
680:
CT showing a teratoma of the ovary: fatty formation with a smooth boundary, with a dense part, possibly a tooth.
609:. Teratomas derived from embryonic cells usually occur on the subject's midline: in the brain, elsewhere in the
5249:
5006:
4574:
4206:
3893:
3674:
930:, usually considered to be a glioma (a type of nongerm cell tumor), may be an unusual form of mature teratoma.
5234:
5219:
1363:
901:
has been reported in cases of formerly benign mature teratoma, even in fetiform teratoma and fetus in fetu.
3501:
1587:"N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antibody production from germinal center reactions: Therapeutic implications"
1236:
4762:
4537:
4048:
3452:
Gutierrez-Aranda I, Ramos-Mejia V, Bueno C, Munoz-Lopez M, Real PJ, Mácia A, et al. (September 2010).
3405:"First description of malignant retrobulbar and intracranial teratoma in a lesser kestrel (Falco naumanni)"
979:
807:
5254:
5055:
4137:
4091:
2999:"Mature and immature extracranial teratomas in children: the UK Children's Cancer Study Group Experience"
1777:
Gonzalez-Crussi F (1982) Extragonadal
Teratomas. Atlas of Tumor Pathology, Second Series, Fascicle 18.
1791:
Abbott TM, Hermann WJ, Scully RE (1984). "Ovarian fetiform teratoma (homunculus) in a 9-year-old girl".
5239:
4497:
729:
344:). Mature teratomas generally are benign, with 0.17-2% of mature cystic teratomas becoming malignant.
3191:"Malignant transformation in a mature teratoma with metastatic deposits in the omentum: a case report"
1670:"Malignant transformation in a mature teratoma with metastatic deposits in the omentum: a case report"
897:
A "benign" grade 0 (mature) teratoma nonetheless has a risk of malignancy. Recurrence with malignant
5198:
4929:
4168:
3886:
994:(AFP); under some circumstances, AFP can be used as a diagnostic marker specific for the presence of
517:. It presents with a mass protruding from the mouth at birth. Untreated, breathing is impossible. An
5148:
2909:"Teratomas in infancy and childhood. A 54-year experience at the Children's Hospital Medical Center"
5193:
4752:
4133:
3815:
3710:
3699:
3688:
1063:
1025:
741:
5067:
4844:
4617:
3947:
1167:
4904:
4390:
4370:
4282:
4239:
3301:
1041:
902:
537:
530:
392:. The term is most often applied to teratoma on the skull sutures and in the ovaries of females.
202:
77:
473:
and fetiform teratoma are one entity or two, they are distinct from and not to be confused with
5080:
5037:
4627:
4385:
4287:
4216:
3996:
3960:
3917:
3360:
Gruys E, van Dijk JE (1976). "Four canine ovarian teratomas and a nonovarian feline teratoma".
1003:
898:
882:
737:
553:
125:
1897:
1559:
1532:
1505:
1478:
1451:
1424:
1390:
1304:
1272:
1197:
1128:
1017:
4914:
4680:
4584:
4267:
4186:
2317:"Clinical experience and laboratory investigations in patients with anti-NMDAR encephalitis"
1585:
Makuch M, Wilson R, Al-Diwani A, Varley J, Kienzler AK, Taylor J, et al. (March 2018).
1558:
Chang AE, Ganz PA, Hayes DF, Kinsella T, Pass HI, Schiller JH, Stone RM, Strecher V (2007).
998:
cells within the teratoma. These cells can develop into a frankly malignant tumor known as
4502:
4345:
4191:
3557:
2315:
Dalmau J, Lancaster E, Martinez-Hernandez E, Rosenfeld MR, Balice-Gordon R (January 2011).
795:
764:
279:
and are typically noticed during middle age. Testicular teratomas represent almost half of
293:
After teratoma removal surgery, a risk exists of regrowth in place, or in nearby organs.
8:
5224:
5075:
5050:
5011:
4940:
4622:
4569:
4414:
4395:
4360:
3955:
2997:
Mann JR, Gray ES, Thornton C, Raafat F, Robinson K, Collins GS, et al. (July 2008).
1722:
Heskett MB, Sanborn JZ, Boniface C, Goode B, Chapman J, Garg K, et al. (June 2020).
851:
760:
756:
595:
290:. In this condition, the teratomas may contain B cells with NMDA-receptor specificities.
3561:
1453:
Questions in Daily
Urologic Practice: Updates for Urologists and Diagnostic Pathologists
918:, and two embryonal carcinoma (here, these last are classified among germ cell tumors).
5188:
5183:
5016:
4871:
4747:
4739:
4666:
4564:
4532:
4507:
3637:
3604:
3580:
3545:
3478:
3453:
3434:
3385:
3337:
3320:
3217:
3190:
3063:
2933:
2908:
2854:
2811:
2705:
2662:
2521:
2438:
2411:
2392:
2341:
2316:
2297:
2254:
2176:
2058:
2033:
2014:
1959:
1851:
1748:
1723:
1696:
1669:
1611:
1586:
1130:
Access to
Surgery: 500 single best answer questions in general and systematic pathology
1096:
835:
495:
of the ovary or ovarian goiter) is a rare form of mature teratoma that contains mostly
420:
226:
86:
67:
3131:
2885:
2587:
2552:
2474:
2332:
1896:
Chua JH, Chui CH, Sai Prasad TR, Jabcobsen AS, Meenakshi A, Hwang WS (November 2005).
4987:
4977:
4688:
4449:
3989:
3826:
3642:
3624:
3585:
3483:
3426:
3377:
3342:
3282:
3270:
3222:
3177:
3135:
3099:
3055:
3020:
2979:
2958:"Germ-cell tumors in childhood and adolescence. GPOH MAKEI and the MAHO study groups"
2938:
2924:
2889:
2858:
2846:
2803:
2767:
2740:
2736:
2697:
2654:
2619:
2591:
2556:
2513:
2478:
2443:
2384:
2346:
2289:
2246:
2211:
2168:
2133:
2098:
2063:
2018:
2006:
1964:
1912:
1878:
1843:
1808:
1804:
1753:
1701:
1650:
1616:
1565:
1538:
1511:
1484:
1457:
1430:
1398:
1340:
1310:
1278:
1205:
1134:
1033:
991:
831:
791:
787:
474:
353:
280:
178:
113:
51:
3389:
3319:
Lefebvre R, Theoret C, Doré M, Girard C, Laverty S, Vaillancourt D (November 2005).
3187:- Minor adjustment for mature cystic teratomas (0.17 to 2% risk of ovarian cancer):
2815:
2709:
2666:
2525:
2396:
2301:
2258:
2180:
1855:
1636:"[A recurred case of a mature ovarian teratoma presenting as a rectal mass]"
1635:
1634:
Choi KW, Jeon WJ, Chae HB, Park SM, Youn SJ, Shin HM, et al. (September 2003).
4519:
4457:
4340:
4277:
3866:
3632:
3616:
3575:
3565:
3546:"Inhibition of pluripotent stem cell-derived teratoma formation by small molecules"
3473:
3465:
3416:
3369:
3332:
3274:
3266:
3212:
3202:
3167:
3127:
3091:
3067:
3047:
3010:
2969:
2928:
2920:
2881:
2838:
2795:
2732:
2689:
2646:
2583:
2548:
2505:
2470:
2433:
2423:
2376:
2336:
2328:
2281:
2238:
2203:
2160:
2125:
2090:
2053:
2045:
1998:
1954:
1946:
1835:
1800:
1743:
1735:
1691:
1681:
1606:
1598:
834:
may be needed in addition to surgery. Teratomas commonly are classified using the
775:
teratomas often cause compression of the lungs or the airways and may present with
558:
416:
360:
138:
44:
3438:
2194:
Chi JG, Lee YS, Park YS, Chang KY (July 1984). "Fetus-in-fetu: report of a case".
1196:
Millet I, Perrochia H, Pages-Bouic E, Curros-Doyon F, Rathat G, Taourel P (2014).
434:
is reported more often (by general surgeons) in retroperitoneal teratomas. Fetus
248:). They are divided into two types: mature and immature. Mature teratomas include
31:
5118:
5095:
5028:
4839:
4818:
4772:
4719:
4658:
4646:
4604:
4262:
4012:
4005:
3909:
3820:
3717:
3706:
3695:
1334:
1048:
987:
886:
878:
745:
630:
622:
579:
570:
237:
230:
222:
90:
82:
2509:
513:
Epignathus is a rare teratoma originating in the oropharyngeal area that occurs
5126:
5085:
4858:
4724:
4702:
4632:
4542:
4466:
4257:
4196:
4029:
3620:
3550:
Proceedings of the
National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
3373:
3095:
1950:
1531:
McDougal WS, Wein AJ, Kavoussi LR, Partin AW, Peters CA, Ramchandani P (2011).
1029:
999:
823:
665:
518:
451:
314:
276:
3831:
3801:
3797:
3793:
3785:
3769:
3724:
3544:
Lee MO, Moon SH, Jeong HC, Yi JY, Lee TH, Shim SH, et al. (August 2013).
3421:
3404:
3051:
2974:
2957:
2956:
Göbel U, Schneider DT, Calaminus G, Haas RJ, Schmidt P, Harms D (March 2000).
2693:
2650:
2285:
1739:
5213:
5171:
5163:
4896:
4886:
4641:
4380:
4375:
4211:
3984:
3971:
3628:
3240:
3181:
3015:
2998:
1092:
1079:
1047:
Of teratomas on the skull sutures, about 50% are found in or adjacent to the
1021:
881:
and is malignant. In infants and young children, these elements usually are
811:
799:
749:
486:
459:
404:
356:
306:
261:
118:
4040:
3789:
3777:
3773:
3570:
2207:
2032:
Frysak Z, Schovanek J, Halenka M, Metelkova I, Duskova M, Karasek D (2016).
1972:
822:
Regardless of location in the body, a teratoma is classified according to a
4612:
4355:
4303:
4141:
4024:
3979:
3935:
3646:
3589:
3487:
3451:
3430:
3346:
3286:
3226:
3172:
3155:
3139:
3103:
3059:
3024:
2983:
2893:
2850:
2807:
2701:
2658:
2623:
2560:
2517:
2447:
2388:
2350:
2293:
2172:
2137:
2102:
2067:
2010:
1968:
1916:
1882:
1847:
1757:
1705:
1654:
1620:
1059:
827:
803:
541:
385:
268:
253:
249:
149:
40:
3381:
3207:
2942:
2842:
2771:
2744:
2595:
2482:
2428:
2380:
2314:
2250:
2242:
2215:
1812:
1686:
1274:
Antenatal
Consults: A Guide for Neonatologists and Paediatricians - E-Book
4071:
2129:
2049:
2002:
862:
772:
641:
637:
618:
610:
583:
576:
190:
3278:
2094:
4729:
4711:
4201:
3842:
2409:
2164:
1052:
963:
For malignant teratomas, usually, surgery is followed by chemotherapy.
927:
776:
733:
725:
720:
692:
688:
508:
463:
325:
56:
3752:
3605:"Defining the Teratoma as a Model for Multi-lineage Human Development"
1839:
1602:
1195:
1040:
Embryonal teratomas most commonly occur in the sacrococcygeal region;
582:. All tumors of this class are the result of abnormal development of
4365:
3925:
3861:
3837:
3729:
3469:
3245:
2799:
1932:"Ovarian mature cystic teratoma containing homunculus: a case report"
1898:"Fetus-in-fetu in the pelvis: report of a case and literature review"
983:
870:
843:
700:
684:
645:
587:
174:
3668:
5100:
5045:
4973:
4909:
4810:
4234:
3930:
3878:
3037:
995:
907:
866:
783:
708:
704:
696:
602:
389:
245:
210:
198:
60:
1643:
The Korean
Journal of Gastroenterology = Taehan Sohwagi Hakhoe Chi
446:. As such, this interpretation assumes a special complication of
4589:
4579:
2828:
2410:
Scavuzzo A, Santana Ríos ZA, Noverón NR, Jimenez Ríos MA (2014).
874:
676:
496:
376:
developed from cells that disseminate from the ovarian teratoma.
364:
359:
histopathology. Immature teratoma has one of the lowest rates of
134:
4083:
4075:
3764:
2031:
1082:, and canines. Teratomas also occur, rarely, in other species.
915:
839:
626:
591:
492:
329:
257:
186:
160:
130:
2784:
1869:
Kajbafzadeh AM, Baharnoori M (October 2006). "Fetus in fetu".
1395:
Gynaecologic Cancer: A Handbook for Students and Practitioners
986:, in some cases to such a degree that it can lead to clinical
4445:
2228:
855:
649:
606:
439:
363:
of any tumor type and results from one of five mechanisms of
241:
206:
3156:"Spectrum of ovarian tumors in a referral hospital in Nepal"
2150:
1988:
636:
Teratoma rarely include more complicated body parts such as
3781:
2955:
2541:
Journal of the Formosan Medical Association = Taiwan Yi Zhi
2116:
Kocaoglu M, Frush DP (2006). "Pediatric presacral masses".
2080:
1895:
1721:
1584:
1075:
842:); 1 or immature, probably benign; 2 or immature, possibly
614:
613:, in the nose, in the tongue, under the tongue, and in the
447:
443:
337:
333:
194:
182:
4970:
4444:
2871:
2757:
2573:
1825:
1530:
552:
Teratomas are not dangerous for the fetus unless either a
3318:
3256:
2722:
2271:
1930:
Lee YH, Kim SG, Choi SH, Kim IS, Kim SH (December 2003).
1270:
1044:
is the single most common tumor found in newborn humans.
3080:
2679:
2495:
1537:(10th ed.). Elsevier Health Sciences. p. 663.
1332:
3116:
2636:
2366:
990:
in the patient. Of special concern is the secretion of
736:
is redirected toward the teratoma (a phenomenon called
3734:
search EMedicine for all articles containing the word
2996:
1773:
1771:
1769:
1767:
1564:. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 848.
1557:
1510:. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 157.
1456:. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 253.
1204:. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 165.
1200:. In Saba L, Acharya UR, Guerriero S, Suri JS (eds.).
1066:
approaches 10,000 new diagnoses of teratoma per year.
943:
The treatment of choice is complete surgical removal (
395:
2760:
The American Journal of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology
2608:
1868:
728:. Additional diagnostic methods may include prenatal
415:
differs from fetiform teratoma in having an apparent
3742:
3602:
3153:
240:(a tumor that begins in the cells that give rise to
3299:
2034:"Ovarian Goiter as a Rare Cause of Hyperthyroidism"
1790:
1764:
1333:Corton MM, Leveno KJ, Bloom SL, Hoffman BL (2014).
664:(see below) is not a teratoma at all, but rather a
4293:Porokeratotic eccrine ostial and dermal duct nevus
1483:. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. p. 140.
1302:
767:receptor antibody (NMDAR) - often referred to as "
2538:
286:Teratomas can cause an autoimmune illness called
5211:
1793:International Journal of Gynecological Pathology
1633:
1449:
1388:
1339:. McGraw Hill Professional. p. Chapter 16.
1271:Davies M, Inglis G, Jardine L, Koorts P (2012).
3259:Reproduction in Domestic Animals = Zuchthygiene
2362:
2360:
2193:
1661:
1198:"CT and MR of Benign Ovarian Germ Cell Tumours"
1172:NORD (National Organization for Rare Disorders)
601:Teratomas derived from germ cells occur in the
575:Teratomas belong to a class of tumors known as
5132:High-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia
3543:
3521:"What is a teratoma? Research & treatment"
1480:The 5-minute Obstetrics and Gynecology Consult
1476:
707:(gastrointestinal glands - center-bottom) and
336:. Skin may surround a cyst and grow abundant
4956:
4430:
4070:
4056:
3894:
3359:
3321:"Ovarian teratoma and endometritis in a mare"
3120:American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology
2460:
2115:
1929:
3396:
3312:
3250:
3154:Vaidya S, Sharma P, KC S, Vaidya SA (2014).
3110:
3074:
3031:
2990:
2778:
2673:
2630:
2602:
2532:
2489:
2357:
2265:
1905:Annals of the Academy of Medicine, Singapore
1389:Noor MR, Hseon TE, Jeffrey LJ, eds. (2014).
1358:
1356:
1085:
1032:, with mature cystic teratoma at bottom and
691:of a teratoma showing tissue from all three
3402:
3188:
2751:
2716:
2612:European Journal of Gynaecological Oncology
2567:
2454:
2222:
2187:
1784:
1667:
1422:
892:
4963:
4949:
4437:
4423:
4063:
4049:
3901:
3887:
2906:
2639:European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology
1503:
1426:Clinical Reproductive Medicine and Surgery
1418:
1416:
1414:
1309:(Fifth ed.). CRC Press. p. 713.
1162:
1160:
1158:
1156:
1154:
1152:
1150:
951:Prevention of recurrence does not require
30:
3636:
3579:
3569:
3518:
3477:
3420:
3336:
3216:
3206:
3171:
3014:
2973:
2932:
2437:
2427:
2340:
2057:
1958:
1747:
1695:
1685:
1610:
1429:. Elsevier Health Sciences. p. 749.
1353:
1328:
1326:
1298:
1296:
1294:
1277:. Elsevier Health Sciences. p. 298.
1266:
1264:
1262:
1260:
1258:
1231:
1229:
1227:
1225:
1223:
1221:
1191:
1189:
1122:
1120:
1118:
1116:
921:
370:
4130:Template:Soft tissue tumors and sarcomas
3300:Artemis Moshtaghian (January 11, 2016).
1074:Ovarian teratomas have been reported in
1016:
683:
675:
450:, one of several grouped under the term
313:
305:
4877:Clear-cell adenocarcinoma of the vagina
1411:
1147:
948:adjacent muscles and other structures.
655:
536:The most diagnosed fetal teratomas are
5212:
2196:American Journal of Clinical Pathology
2083:AJR. American Journal of Roentgenology
1323:
1291:
1255:
1218:
1186:
1113:
798:for other fetal conditions, including
521:is the recommended initial treatment.
4944:
4867:Squamous-cell carcinoma of the vagina
4758:Endometrial intraepithelial neoplasia
4418:
4351:Giant-cell tumor of the tendon sheath
4044:
3961:Endodermal sinus tumor/Yolk sac tumor
3882:
2231:Pediatric and Developmental Pathology
1991:European Journal of Pediatric Surgery
1717:
1715:
1303:Price P, Sikora K, Illidge T (2008).
4595:Sex cord tumour with annular tubules
4313:Pleomorphic undifferentiated sarcoma
3908:
2907:Tapper D, Lack EE (September 1983).
1561:Oncology: An Evidence-Based Approach
1450:Oyasu R, Yang XJ, Yoshida O (2009).
1126:
594:. Teratomas of embryonic origin are
347:
5144:List of people with prostate cancer
4513:Papillary serous cystadenocarcinoma
4490:
3502:"A Stem Cell Legacy: Leroy Stevens"
3403:López RM, Múrcia DB (August 2008).
1779:Armed Forces Institute of Pathology
715:Teratomas are thought to originate
197:. Teratomata typically form in the
13:
4781:Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia
4753:Uterine papillary serous carcinoma
4018:Placental site trophoblastic tumor
3302:"Deformed Mountain Lion a mystery"
1712:
955:resection of surrounding tissues.
748:, of the fetus. In certain cases,
564:
524:
466:and a rudimentary, beating heart.
301:
14:
5266:
4882:Vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia
4824:Gestational trophoblastic disease
4001:Gestational trophoblastic disease
3681:
1939:Journal of Korean Medical Science
817:
341:
310:Ovarian teratoma with hair inside
4925:Vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia
4323:Progressive nodular histiocytoma
4318:Plexiform fibrohistiocytic tumor
3662: This article incorporates
3657:
3271:10.1111/j.1439-0531.2003.00476.x
2925:10.1097/00000658-198309000-00016
1805:10.1097/00004347-198404000-00007
1336:Williams Obstetrics 24/E (EBOOK)
1237:"NCI Dictionary of Cancer Terms"
1069:
826:system. This indicates whether
547:
480:
438:has often been interpreted as a
5245:Dermal and subcutaneous growths
4273:Nevus lipomatosus superficialis
4101:Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans
4096:dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans
3596:
3537:
3512:
3494:
3445:
3353:
3325:The Canadian Veterinary Journal
3293:
3233:
3146:
3040:Pediatric Surgery International
2949:
2900:
2865:
2822:
2682:Pediatric Surgery International
2403:
2308:
2274:Pediatric Surgery International
2144:
2109:
2074:
2025:
1982:
1923:
1889:
1871:The Canadian Journal of Urology
1862:
1819:
1627:
1578:
1551:
1524:
1497:
1477:Hillard PJ, Hillard PA (2008).
1470:
1443:
1012:
958:
769:anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis
491:A struma ovarii (also known as
379:
288:Anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis
43:of an ovary, discovered during
4207:Palisaded encapsulated neuroma
3675:U.S. National Cancer Institute
1382:
1:
4801:Villoglandular adenocarcinoma
3160:Journal of Pathology of Nepal
3132:10.1016/S0002-9378(99)70561-2
2886:10.1016/S0022-3468(00)90228-8
2588:10.1016/S0022-3468(97)90567-4
2553:10.1016/S0929-6646(09)60326-0
2475:10.1016/S0046-8177(98)90432-4
2333:10.1016/S1474-4422(10)70253-2
1106:
838:grading system: 0 or mature (
779:and/or respiratory symptoms.
502:
5177:Extramammary Paget's disease
4920:Extramammary Paget's disease
4763:Uterine clear-cell carcinoma
4538:Ovarian clear-cell carcinoma
3084:Journal of Clinical Oncology
3003:Journal of Clinical Oncology
2874:Journal of Pediatric Surgery
2737:10.1016/0022-3468(93)90154-D
2725:Journal of Pediatric Surgery
2576:Journal of Pediatric Surgery
1133:. PasTest Ltd. p. 508.
980:human chorionic gonadotropin
969:
933:
671:
469:Regardless of whether fetus
454:. In many cases, the fetus
256:. Immature teratomas may be
177:made up of several types of
7:
5154:Transitional-cell carcinoma
5056:Germ cell neoplasia in situ
4138:Template:Myeloid malignancy
4092:Benign fibrous histiocytoma
3189:Mandal S, Badhe BA (2012).
2510:10.3171/jns.2007.106.6.1067
2412:"Growing teratoma syndrome"
1828:Fetal Diagnosis and Therapy
1668:Mandal S, Badhe BA (2012).
1423:Falcone T, Hurd WW (2007).
557:must be monitored by fetal
216:
10:
5271:
5007:Sertoli–Leydig cell tumour
4720:Uterine fibroids/leiomyoma
4575:Sertoli–Leydig cell tumour
4498:Ovarian serous cystadenoma
3670:Dictionary of Cancer Terms
3621:10.1016/j.cell.2020.10.018
3519:Knoepfler P (2021-01-14).
3374:10.1177/030098587601300609
3096:10.1200/JCO.1999.17.7.2137
1951:10.3346/jkms.2003.18.6.905
1504:Hart I, Newton RW (2012).
1397:. CRC Press. p. 446.
1391:"Ovarian Germ Cell Tumors"
938:
730:magnetic resonance imaging
568:
506:
484:
5199:Hirsuties coronae glandis
5162:
5117:
5066:
5036:
5027:
4995:
4986:
4930:Bartholin gland carcinoma
4895:
4872:Botryoid rhabdomyosarcoma
4857:
4832:
4809:
4771:
4738:
4710:
4701:
4679:
4657:
4603:
4555:
4528:
4474:
4465:
4456:
4331:
4301:
4248:
4225:
4177:
4169:Hirsuties coronae glandis
4159:
4152:
4118:
4109:
4082:
3946:
3916:
3852:
3746:
3687:humpath pathology images
3422:10.1080/03079450802216660
3195:Case Reports in Pathology
3052:10.1007/s00383-007-1890-1
2694:10.1007/s00383-005-1404-y
2651:10.1007/s00405-005-0917-2
2286:10.1007/s00383-009-2328-8
1740:10.1038/s41379-019-0446-y
1674:Case Reports in Pathology
1368:National Cancer Institute
1241:National Cancer Institute
1168:"Sacrococcygeal Teratoma"
1086:Use in stem cell research
155:
144:
124:
112:
104:
96:
76:
66:
50:
38:
29:
24:
5194:Erythroplasia of Queyrat
4557:Sex cord–gonadal stromal
4476:Glandular and epithelial
4134:Template:Vascular tumors
3016:10.1200/JCO.2008.16.0622
2788:Diagnostic Cytopathology
1202:Ovarian Neoplasm Imaging
1058:Teratoma qualifies as a
893:Malignant transformation
786:elements, which secrete
296:
201:(where it is known as a
4391:Keratinizing metaplasia
4283:Connective tissue nevus
4240:Extraskeletal chondroma
4212:Infantile neuroblastoma
3571:10.1073/pnas.1303669110
3506:The Scientist Magazine®
2975:10.1023/a:1008360523160
2498:Journal of Neurosurgery
2416:Case Reports in Urology
1042:sacrococcygeal teratoma
903:Squamous cell carcinoma
782:Some teratomas contain
719:, so can be considered
538:sacrococcygeal teratoma
203:sacrococcygeal teratoma
16:Type of germ cell tumor
5230:Male genital neoplasia
5081:Endodermal sinus tumor
4628:Endodermal sinus tumor
4386:Zosteriform metastasis
4288:Midline nevus flammeus
4217:Cutaneous neurofibroma
3997:Trophoblastic neoplasm
3664:public domain material
3173:10.3126/jpn.v4i7.10295
1534:Campbell-Walsh Urology
1051:. Limbal dermoid is a
1037:
1004:endodermal sinus tumor
922:Extraspinal ependymoma
899:endodermal sinus tumor
883:endodermal sinus tumor
712:
681:
625:, and attached to the
371:Gliomatosis peritoneii
354:primitive or embryonal
320:
311:
159:1 in 30,000 newborns (
126:Differential diagnosis
72:Minimal, painless lump
5250:Gynaecological cancer
4915:Papillary hidradenoma
4845:Mixed Müllerian tumor
4796:Glassy-cell carcinoma
4585:Granulosa cell tumour
4268:Nevus flammeus nuchae
4187:Solitary neurofibroma
3308:. Cable News Network.
2843:10.1055/s-2006-942272
2381:10.1055/s-2006-942271
2321:The Lancet. Neurology
2243:10.1007/s100249900089
2208:10.1093/ajcp/82.1.115
1020:
687:
679:
617:(cervical teratoma),
400:and fetiform teratoma
317:
309:
5235:Anatomical pathology
5220:Congenital disorders
5149:Small-cell carcinoma
4786:Clear-cell carcinoma
4503:Mucinous cystadenoma
4346:Metastatic carcinoma
4192:Cutaneous meningioma
3615:(5): 1402–1419.e18.
3362:Veterinary Pathology
3241:Orbital dermoid cyst
2130:10.1148/rg.263055102
2050:10.4183/aeb.2016.335
2038:Acta Endocrinologica
2003:10.1055/s-2002-34483
765:N-methyl-D-aspartate
656:Hypotheses of origin
5076:Embryonal carcinoma
5051:Spermatocytic tumor
5012:Sertoli cell tumour
4623:Embryonal carcinoma
4570:Sertoli cell tumour
4481:surface epithelial-
4396:Epithelioid sarcoma
4361:Granular cell tumor
3956:Embryonal carcinoma
3720:(Immature teratoma)
3709:(Mature teratoma),
3562:2013PNAS..110E3281L
3556:(35): E3281–E3290.
3208:10.1155/2012/568062
2831:Klinische Padiatrie
2429:10.1155/2014/139425
2369:Klinische Padiatrie
2095:10.2214/AJR.05.0152
1687:10.1155/2012/568062
1591:Annals of Neurology
1306:Treatment of Cancer
852:cerebrospinal fluid
711:(epidermis - right)
442:growing within its
236:They are a type of
5255:Induced stem cells
5189:Bowenoid papulosis
5017:Leydig cell tumour
4748:Endometrioid tumor
4565:Leydig cell tumour
4533:Endometrioid tumor
4508:Cystadenocarcinoma
3853:External resources
3716:2017-09-01 at the
3705:2017-09-01 at the
3694:2017-09-01 at the
2962:Annals of Oncology
2165:10.1111/neup.12360
1097:Jackson Laboratory
1055:, not a teratoma.
1038:
752:may be indicated.
713:
682:
531:ultrasound imaging
421:bilateral symmetry
321:
312:
281:testicular cancers
252:and are generally
227:testicular torsion
87:testicular torsion
5240:Pediatric cancers
5207:
5206:
5113:
5112:
5109:
5108:
4978:urogenital system
4938:
4937:
4853:
4852:
4697:
4696:
4689:Adenomatoid tumor
4675:
4674:
4551:
4550:
4450:urogenital system
4412:
4411:
4408:
4407:
4404:
4403:
4038:
4037:
4006:Hydatidiform mole
3990:Strumal carcinoid
3876:
3875:
3331:(11): 1029–1033.
3009:(21): 3590–3597.
2913:Annals of Surgery
2582:(10): 1476–1479.
2469:(10): 1167–1169.
1840:10.1159/000103301
1781:, Washington D.C.
1603:10.1002/ana.25173
1364:"Mature teratoma"
1034:immature teratoma
992:alpha-fetoprotein
832:radiation therapy
792:alpha-fetoprotein
788:alpha-fetoprotein
475:ectopic pregnancy
348:Immature teratoma
167:
166:
114:Diagnostic method
19:Medical condition
5262:
5034:
5033:
4993:
4992:
4965:
4958:
4951:
4942:
4941:
4708:
4707:
4618:Nongerminomatous
4520:Krukenberg tumor
4488:
4487:
4472:
4471:
4463:
4462:
4439:
4432:
4425:
4416:
4415:
4341:Adenoma sebaceum
4306:
4278:Nevus oligemicus
4251:
4228:
4180:
4162:
4157:
4156:
4116:
4115:
4065:
4058:
4051:
4042:
4041:
3948:Nongerminomatous
3910:Germ cell tumors
3903:
3896:
3889:
3880:
3879:
3744:
3743:
3678:
3661:
3660:
3651:
3650:
3640:
3600:
3594:
3593:
3583:
3573:
3541:
3535:
3534:
3532:
3531:
3516:
3510:
3509:
3498:
3492:
3491:
3481:
3470:10.1002/stem.471
3464:(9): 1568–1570.
3449:
3443:
3442:
3424:
3400:
3394:
3393:
3357:
3351:
3350:
3340:
3316:
3310:
3309:
3297:
3291:
3290:
3254:
3248:
3237:
3231:
3230:
3220:
3210:
3185:
3175:
3150:
3144:
3143:
3114:
3108:
3107:
3090:(7): 2137–2143.
3078:
3072:
3071:
3035:
3029:
3028:
3018:
2994:
2988:
2987:
2977:
2953:
2947:
2946:
2936:
2904:
2898:
2897:
2869:
2863:
2862:
2826:
2820:
2819:
2800:10.1002/dc.20849
2782:
2776:
2775:
2755:
2749:
2748:
2731:(9): 1158–1160.
2720:
2714:
2713:
2677:
2671:
2670:
2634:
2628:
2627:
2606:
2600:
2599:
2571:
2565:
2564:
2536:
2530:
2529:
2504:(6): 1067–1069.
2493:
2487:
2486:
2458:
2452:
2451:
2441:
2431:
2407:
2401:
2400:
2364:
2355:
2354:
2344:
2312:
2306:
2305:
2269:
2263:
2262:
2226:
2220:
2219:
2191:
2185:
2184:
2148:
2142:
2141:
2113:
2107:
2106:
2089:(4): W350–W356.
2078:
2072:
2071:
2061:
2029:
2023:
2022:
1986:
1980:
1979:
1977:
1971:. Archived from
1962:
1936:
1927:
1921:
1920:
1902:
1893:
1887:
1886:
1877:(5): 3277–3278.
1866:
1860:
1859:
1823:
1817:
1816:
1788:
1782:
1775:
1762:
1761:
1751:
1734:(6): 1193–1206.
1728:Modern Pathology
1719:
1710:
1709:
1699:
1689:
1665:
1659:
1658:
1640:
1631:
1625:
1624:
1614:
1582:
1576:
1575:
1555:
1549:
1548:
1528:
1522:
1521:
1501:
1495:
1494:
1474:
1468:
1467:
1447:
1441:
1440:
1420:
1409:
1408:
1386:
1380:
1379:
1377:
1375:
1360:
1351:
1350:
1330:
1321:
1320:
1300:
1289:
1288:
1268:
1253:
1252:
1250:
1248:
1233:
1216:
1215:
1193:
1184:
1183:
1181:
1179:
1164:
1145:
1144:
1127:Raja SG (2007).
1124:
810:defects such as
559:echocardiography
361:somatic mutation
139:myelomeningocele
100:Mature, immature
45:cesarean section
34:
22:
21:
5270:
5269:
5265:
5264:
5263:
5261:
5260:
5259:
5210:
5209:
5208:
5203:
5184:Bowen's disease
5158:
5105:
5096:Choriocarcinoma
5062:
5023:
4999:gonadal stromal
4998:
4982:
4969:
4939:
4934:
4891:
4849:
4840:Uterine sarcoma
4828:
4819:Choriocarcinoma
4805:
4767:
4734:
4693:
4671:
4667:Meigs' syndrome
4653:
4647:Choriocarcinoma
4599:
4547:
4524:
4482:
4479:
4452:
4443:
4413:
4400:
4327:
4302:
4297:
4249:
4244:
4226:
4221:
4178:
4173:
4160:
4148:
4120:
4111:
4105:
4078:
4069:
4039:
4034:
4013:Choriocarcinoma
3942:
3912:
3907:
3877:
3872:
3871:
3848:
3847:
3755:
3725:cystic teratoma
3718:Wayback Machine
3707:Wayback Machine
3696:Wayback Machine
3684:
3667:
3658:
3655:
3654:
3601:
3597:
3542:
3538:
3529:
3527:
3517:
3513:
3500:
3499:
3495:
3450:
3446:
3409:Avian Pathology
3401:
3397:
3358:
3354:
3317:
3313:
3298:
3294:
3255:
3251:
3238:
3234:
3186:
3151:
3147:
3115:
3111:
3079:
3075:
3036:
3032:
2995:
2991:
2954:
2950:
2905:
2901:
2870:
2866:
2827:
2823:
2783:
2779:
2756:
2752:
2721:
2717:
2678:
2674:
2645:(11): 899–904.
2635:
2631:
2607:
2603:
2572:
2568:
2537:
2533:
2494:
2490:
2463:Human Pathology
2459:
2455:
2408:
2404:
2365:
2358:
2313:
2309:
2270:
2266:
2227:
2223:
2192:
2188:
2149:
2145:
2114:
2110:
2079:
2075:
2030:
2026:
1987:
1983:
1975:
1934:
1928:
1924:
1911:(10): 646–649.
1900:
1894:
1890:
1867:
1863:
1824:
1820:
1789:
1785:
1776:
1765:
1720:
1713:
1666:
1662:
1638:
1632:
1628:
1583:
1579:
1572:
1556:
1552:
1545:
1529:
1525:
1518:
1502:
1498:
1491:
1475:
1471:
1464:
1448:
1444:
1437:
1421:
1412:
1405:
1387:
1383:
1373:
1371:
1362:
1361:
1354:
1347:
1331:
1324:
1317:
1301:
1292:
1285:
1269:
1256:
1246:
1244:
1235:
1234:
1219:
1212:
1194:
1187:
1177:
1175:
1166:
1165:
1148:
1141:
1125:
1114:
1109:
1088:
1072:
1015:
988:hyperthyroidism
972:
961:
941:
936:
924:
895:
887:choriocarcinoma
879:germ cell tumor
836:Gonzalez-Crussi
820:
703:- left-upper),
674:
658:
623:retroperitoneum
592:embryonal cells
580:germ cell tumor
577:nonseminomatous
573:
571:Germ cell tumor
567:
565:Pathophysiology
550:
527:
525:Fetal Teratomas
511:
505:
489:
483:
402:
382:
373:
365:meiotic failure
357:neuroectodermal
350:
304:
302:Mature teratoma
299:
238:germ cell tumor
231:hydrops fetalis
223:ovarian torsion
219:
91:hydrops fetalis
83:Ovarian torsion
39:A small (4 cm)
20:
17:
12:
11:
5:
5268:
5258:
5257:
5252:
5247:
5242:
5237:
5232:
5227:
5222:
5205:
5204:
5202:
5201:
5196:
5191:
5186:
5181:
5180:
5179:
5168:
5166:
5160:
5159:
5157:
5156:
5151:
5146:
5141:
5140:
5139:
5129:
5127:Adenocarcinoma
5123:
5121:
5115:
5114:
5111:
5110:
5107:
5106:
5104:
5103:
5098:
5093:
5088:
5086:Gonadoblastoma
5083:
5078:
5072:
5070:
5064:
5063:
5061:
5060:
5059:
5058:
5053:
5042:
5040:
5031:
5025:
5024:
5022:
5021:
5020:
5019:
5014:
5003:
5001:
4990:
4984:
4983:
4981:
4980:
4968:
4967:
4960:
4953:
4945:
4936:
4935:
4933:
4932:
4927:
4922:
4917:
4912:
4907:
4901:
4899:
4893:
4892:
4890:
4889:
4884:
4879:
4874:
4869:
4863:
4861:
4855:
4854:
4851:
4850:
4848:
4847:
4842:
4836:
4834:
4830:
4829:
4827:
4826:
4821:
4815:
4813:
4807:
4806:
4804:
4803:
4798:
4793:
4788:
4783:
4777:
4775:
4769:
4768:
4766:
4765:
4760:
4755:
4750:
4744:
4742:
4736:
4735:
4733:
4732:
4727:
4725:Leiomyosarcoma
4722:
4716:
4714:
4705:
4699:
4698:
4695:
4694:
4692:
4691:
4685:
4683:
4681:Fallopian tube
4677:
4676:
4673:
4672:
4670:
4669:
4663:
4661:
4655:
4654:
4652:
4651:
4650:
4649:
4644:
4635:
4633:Gonadoblastoma
4630:
4625:
4615:
4609:
4607:
4601:
4600:
4598:
4597:
4592:
4587:
4582:
4577:
4572:
4567:
4561:
4559:
4553:
4552:
4549:
4548:
4546:
4545:
4543:Brenner tumour
4540:
4535:
4529:
4526:
4525:
4523:
4522:
4517:
4516:
4515:
4505:
4500:
4494:
4492:
4485:
4469:
4460:
4454:
4453:
4448:of the female
4442:
4441:
4434:
4427:
4419:
4410:
4409:
4406:
4405:
4402:
4401:
4399:
4398:
4393:
4388:
4383:
4378:
4373:
4368:
4363:
4358:
4353:
4348:
4343:
4338:
4332:
4329:
4328:
4326:
4325:
4320:
4315:
4309:
4307:
4299:
4298:
4296:
4295:
4290:
4285:
4280:
4275:
4270:
4265:
4263:Nevus flammeus
4260:
4258:Nevus anemicus
4254:
4252:
4246:
4245:
4243:
4242:
4237:
4231:
4229:
4227:Bone/cartilage
4223:
4222:
4220:
4219:
4214:
4209:
4204:
4199:
4197:Ganglioneuroma
4194:
4189:
4183:
4181:
4175:
4174:
4172:
4171:
4165:
4163:
4154:
4150:
4149:
4147:
4146:
4124:
4122:
4119:Connective and
4113:
4107:
4106:
4104:
4103:
4098:
4088:
4086:
4080:
4079:
4068:
4067:
4060:
4053:
4045:
4036:
4035:
4033:
4032:
4030:Gonadoblastoma
4027:
4021:
4020:
4015:
4010:
4009:
4008:
3993:
3992:
3987:
3982:
3977:
3964:
3963:
3958:
3952:
3950:
3944:
3943:
3941:
3940:
3939:
3938:
3933:
3922:
3920:
3914:
3913:
3906:
3905:
3898:
3891:
3883:
3874:
3873:
3870:
3869:
3857:
3856:
3854:
3850:
3849:
3846:
3845:
3843:36591000119102
3834:
3823:
3812:
3804:
3756:
3751:
3750:
3748:
3747:Classification
3741:
3740:
3721:
3683:
3682:External links
3680:
3653:
3652:
3595:
3536:
3511:
3493:
3444:
3415:(4): 413–414.
3395:
3368:(6): 455–459.
3352:
3311:
3292:
3249:
3232:
3166:(7): 539–543.
3145:
3126:(2): 353–358.
3109:
3073:
3046:(4): 315–322.
3030:
2989:
2968:(3): 263–271.
2948:
2919:(3): 398–410.
2899:
2880:(3): 515–518.
2864:
2837:(6): 303–308.
2821:
2794:(8): 595–599.
2777:
2766:(4): 406–409.
2750:
2715:
2688:(7): 585–588.
2672:
2629:
2618:(3): 282–284.
2601:
2566:
2547:(5): 400–402.
2531:
2488:
2453:
2402:
2375:(6): 296–302.
2356:
2307:
2280:(3): 289–292.
2264:
2221:
2202:(1): 115–119.
2186:
2159:(2): 122–128.
2153:Neuropathology
2143:
2124:(3): 833–857.
2108:
2073:
2044:(3): 335–338.
2024:
1997:(4): 278–280.
1981:
1978:on 2011-07-22.
1945:(6): 905–907.
1922:
1888:
1861:
1834:(5): 383–388.
1818:
1799:(4): 392–402.
1783:
1763:
1711:
1660:
1649:(3): 242–245.
1626:
1597:(3): 553–561.
1577:
1570:
1550:
1544:978-1455723171
1543:
1523:
1516:
1496:
1489:
1469:
1462:
1442:
1436:978-0323033091
1435:
1410:
1403:
1381:
1352:
1345:
1322:
1315:
1290:
1284:978-0729581080
1283:
1254:
1217:
1210:
1185:
1146:
1139:
1111:
1110:
1108:
1105:
1087:
1084:
1080:mountain lions
1071:
1068:
1030:ovarian cancer
1022:Ovarian tumors
1014:
1011:
1000:yolk sac tumor
971:
968:
960:
957:
940:
937:
935:
932:
923:
920:
894:
891:
885:, followed by
824:cancer staging
819:
818:Classification
816:
808:abdominal wall
796:screening test
738:steal syndrome
673:
670:
666:parasitic twin
657:
654:
569:Main article:
566:
563:
549:
546:
542:amniotic fluid
533:, in fetuses.
526:
523:
519:EXIT procedure
507:Main article:
504:
501:
485:Main article:
482:
479:
452:parasitic twin
401:
394:
381:
378:
372:
369:
349:
346:
303:
300:
298:
295:
277:ovarian tumors
218:
215:
165:
164:
157:
153:
152:
146:
142:
141:
128:
122:
121:
116:
110:
109:
106:
102:
101:
98:
94:
93:
80:
74:
73:
70:
64:
63:
54:
48:
47:
36:
35:
27:
26:
18:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5267:
5256:
5253:
5251:
5248:
5246:
5243:
5241:
5238:
5236:
5233:
5231:
5228:
5226:
5223:
5221:
5218:
5217:
5215:
5200:
5197:
5195:
5192:
5190:
5187:
5185:
5182:
5178:
5175:
5174:
5173:
5170:
5169:
5167:
5165:
5161:
5155:
5152:
5150:
5147:
5145:
5142:
5138:
5135:
5134:
5133:
5130:
5128:
5125:
5124:
5122:
5120:
5116:
5102:
5099:
5097:
5094:
5092:
5089:
5087:
5084:
5082:
5079:
5077:
5074:
5073:
5071:
5069:
5065:
5057:
5054:
5052:
5049:
5048:
5047:
5044:
5043:
5041:
5039:
5035:
5032:
5030:
5026:
5018:
5015:
5013:
5010:
5009:
5008:
5005:
5004:
5002:
5000:
4994:
4991:
4989:
4985:
4979:
4975:
4972:
4971:
4966:
4961:
4959:
4954:
4952:
4947:
4946:
4943:
4931:
4928:
4926:
4923:
4921:
4918:
4916:
4913:
4911:
4908:
4906:
4903:
4902:
4900:
4898:
4894:
4888:
4887:Vaginal cysts
4885:
4883:
4880:
4878:
4875:
4873:
4870:
4868:
4865:
4864:
4862:
4860:
4856:
4846:
4843:
4841:
4838:
4837:
4835:
4831:
4825:
4822:
4820:
4817:
4816:
4814:
4812:
4808:
4802:
4799:
4797:
4794:
4792:
4789:
4787:
4784:
4782:
4779:
4778:
4776:
4774:
4770:
4764:
4761:
4759:
4756:
4754:
4751:
4749:
4746:
4745:
4743:
4741:
4737:
4731:
4728:
4726:
4723:
4721:
4718:
4717:
4715:
4713:
4709:
4706:
4704:
4700:
4690:
4687:
4686:
4684:
4682:
4678:
4668:
4665:
4664:
4662:
4660:
4656:
4648:
4645:
4643:
4642:Struma ovarii
4639:
4636:
4634:
4631:
4629:
4626:
4624:
4621:
4620:
4619:
4616:
4614:
4611:
4610:
4608:
4606:
4602:
4596:
4593:
4591:
4588:
4586:
4583:
4581:
4578:
4576:
4573:
4571:
4568:
4566:
4563:
4562:
4560:
4558:
4554:
4544:
4541:
4539:
4536:
4534:
4531:
4530:
4527:
4521:
4518:
4514:
4511:
4510:
4509:
4506:
4504:
4501:
4499:
4496:
4495:
4493:
4489:
4486:
4484:
4483:stromal tumor
4477:
4473:
4470:
4468:
4464:
4461:
4459:
4455:
4451:
4447:
4440:
4435:
4433:
4428:
4426:
4421:
4420:
4417:
4397:
4394:
4392:
4389:
4387:
4384:
4382:
4381:Angiokeratoma
4379:
4377:
4376:Neurothekeoma
4374:
4372:
4371:Desmoid tumor
4369:
4367:
4364:
4362:
4359:
4357:
4354:
4352:
4349:
4347:
4344:
4342:
4339:
4337:
4334:
4333:
4330:
4324:
4321:
4319:
4316:
4314:
4311:
4310:
4308:
4305:
4300:
4294:
4291:
4289:
4286:
4284:
4281:
4279:
4276:
4274:
4271:
4269:
4266:
4264:
4261:
4259:
4256:
4255:
4253:
4247:
4241:
4238:
4236:
4233:
4232:
4230:
4224:
4218:
4215:
4213:
4210:
4208:
4205:
4203:
4200:
4198:
4195:
4193:
4190:
4188:
4185:
4184:
4182:
4176:
4170:
4167:
4166:
4164:
4158:
4155:
4151:
4145:
4143:
4139:
4135:
4131:
4126:
4125:
4123:
4117:
4114:
4108:
4102:
4099:
4097:
4093:
4090:
4089:
4087:
4085:
4081:
4077:
4073:
4066:
4061:
4059:
4054:
4052:
4047:
4046:
4043:
4031:
4028:
4026:
4023:
4022:
4019:
4016:
4014:
4011:
4007:
4004:
4003:
4002:
3998:
3995:
3994:
3991:
3988:
3986:
3985:Struma ovarii
3983:
3981:
3978:
3976:
3975:
3969:
3966:
3965:
3962:
3959:
3957:
3954:
3953:
3951:
3949:
3945:
3937:
3934:
3932:
3929:
3928:
3927:
3924:
3923:
3921:
3919:
3918:Germinomatous
3915:
3911:
3904:
3899:
3897:
3892:
3890:
3885:
3884:
3881:
3868:
3864:
3863:
3859:
3858:
3855:
3851:
3844:
3840:
3839:
3835:
3833:
3829:
3828:
3824:
3822:
3818:
3817:
3813:
3810:
3809:
3805:
3803:
3799:
3795:
3791:
3787:
3783:
3779:
3775:
3771:
3767:
3766:
3762:
3758:
3757:
3754:
3749:
3745:
3738:
3737:
3731:
3727:
3726:
3722:
3719:
3715:
3712:
3708:
3704:
3701:
3698:(Teratomas),
3697:
3693:
3690:
3686:
3685:
3679:
3676:
3672:
3671:
3665:
3648:
3644:
3639:
3634:
3630:
3626:
3622:
3618:
3614:
3610:
3606:
3599:
3591:
3587:
3582:
3577:
3572:
3567:
3563:
3559:
3555:
3551:
3547:
3540:
3526:
3522:
3515:
3507:
3503:
3497:
3489:
3485:
3480:
3475:
3471:
3467:
3463:
3459:
3455:
3448:
3440:
3436:
3432:
3428:
3423:
3418:
3414:
3410:
3406:
3399:
3391:
3387:
3383:
3379:
3375:
3371:
3367:
3363:
3356:
3348:
3344:
3339:
3334:
3330:
3326:
3322:
3315:
3307:
3303:
3296:
3288:
3284:
3280:
3276:
3272:
3268:
3264:
3260:
3253:
3247:
3243:
3242:
3236:
3228:
3224:
3219:
3214:
3209:
3204:
3200:
3196:
3192:
3183:
3179:
3174:
3169:
3165:
3161:
3157:
3149:
3141:
3137:
3133:
3129:
3125:
3121:
3113:
3105:
3101:
3097:
3093:
3089:
3085:
3077:
3069:
3065:
3061:
3057:
3053:
3049:
3045:
3041:
3034:
3026:
3022:
3017:
3012:
3008:
3004:
3000:
2993:
2985:
2981:
2976:
2971:
2967:
2963:
2959:
2952:
2944:
2940:
2935:
2930:
2926:
2922:
2918:
2914:
2910:
2903:
2895:
2891:
2887:
2883:
2879:
2875:
2868:
2860:
2856:
2852:
2848:
2844:
2840:
2836:
2832:
2825:
2817:
2813:
2809:
2805:
2801:
2797:
2793:
2789:
2781:
2773:
2769:
2765:
2761:
2754:
2746:
2742:
2738:
2734:
2730:
2726:
2719:
2711:
2707:
2703:
2699:
2695:
2691:
2687:
2683:
2676:
2668:
2664:
2660:
2656:
2652:
2648:
2644:
2640:
2633:
2625:
2621:
2617:
2613:
2605:
2597:
2593:
2589:
2585:
2581:
2577:
2570:
2562:
2558:
2554:
2550:
2546:
2542:
2535:
2527:
2523:
2519:
2515:
2511:
2507:
2503:
2499:
2492:
2484:
2480:
2476:
2472:
2468:
2464:
2457:
2449:
2445:
2440:
2435:
2430:
2425:
2421:
2417:
2413:
2406:
2398:
2394:
2390:
2386:
2382:
2378:
2374:
2370:
2363:
2361:
2352:
2348:
2343:
2338:
2334:
2330:
2326:
2322:
2318:
2311:
2303:
2299:
2295:
2291:
2287:
2283:
2279:
2275:
2268:
2260:
2256:
2252:
2248:
2244:
2240:
2236:
2232:
2225:
2217:
2213:
2209:
2205:
2201:
2197:
2190:
2182:
2178:
2174:
2170:
2166:
2162:
2158:
2154:
2147:
2139:
2135:
2131:
2127:
2123:
2119:
2118:Radiographics
2112:
2104:
2100:
2096:
2092:
2088:
2084:
2077:
2069:
2065:
2060:
2055:
2051:
2047:
2043:
2039:
2035:
2028:
2020:
2016:
2012:
2008:
2004:
2000:
1996:
1992:
1985:
1974:
1970:
1966:
1961:
1956:
1952:
1948:
1944:
1940:
1933:
1926:
1918:
1914:
1910:
1906:
1899:
1892:
1884:
1880:
1876:
1872:
1865:
1857:
1853:
1849:
1845:
1841:
1837:
1833:
1829:
1822:
1814:
1810:
1806:
1802:
1798:
1794:
1787:
1780:
1774:
1772:
1770:
1768:
1759:
1755:
1750:
1745:
1741:
1737:
1733:
1729:
1725:
1718:
1716:
1707:
1703:
1698:
1693:
1688:
1683:
1679:
1675:
1671:
1664:
1656:
1652:
1648:
1645:(in Korean).
1644:
1637:
1630:
1622:
1618:
1613:
1608:
1604:
1600:
1596:
1592:
1588:
1581:
1573:
1571:9780387310565
1567:
1563:
1562:
1554:
1546:
1540:
1536:
1535:
1527:
1519:
1517:9789401092982
1513:
1509:
1508:
1507:Endocrinology
1500:
1492:
1490:9780781769426
1486:
1482:
1481:
1473:
1465:
1463:9784431728191
1459:
1455:
1454:
1446:
1438:
1432:
1428:
1427:
1419:
1417:
1415:
1406:
1404:9789814463065
1400:
1396:
1392:
1385:
1369:
1365:
1359:
1357:
1348:
1346:9780071798945
1342:
1338:
1337:
1329:
1327:
1318:
1316:9780340912218
1312:
1308:
1307:
1299:
1297:
1295:
1286:
1280:
1276:
1275:
1267:
1265:
1263:
1261:
1259:
1242:
1238:
1232:
1230:
1228:
1226:
1224:
1222:
1213:
1211:9781461486336
1207:
1203:
1199:
1192:
1190:
1173:
1169:
1163:
1161:
1159:
1157:
1155:
1153:
1151:
1142:
1140:9781905635368
1136:
1132:
1131:
1123:
1121:
1119:
1117:
1112:
1104:
1100:
1098:
1094:
1093:Leroy Stevens
1083:
1081:
1077:
1070:Other animals
1067:
1065:
1061:
1056:
1054:
1050:
1045:
1043:
1035:
1031:
1027:
1023:
1019:
1010:
1007:
1005:
1001:
997:
993:
989:
985:
981:
976:
967:
964:
956:
954:
949:
946:
931:
929:
919:
917:
911:
909:
904:
900:
890:
888:
884:
880:
876:
872:
868:
864:
859:
857:
853:
847:
845:
841:
837:
833:
829:
825:
815:
813:
812:gastroschisis
809:
805:
801:
800:Down syndrome
797:
793:
789:
785:
780:
778:
774:
770:
766:
762:
758:
753:
751:
750:fetal surgery
747:
743:
742:heart failure
739:
735:
731:
727:
722:
718:
710:
706:
702:
698:
694:
690:
686:
678:
669:
667:
663:
653:
651:
647:
643:
639:
634:
632:
631:skull sutures
628:
624:
620:
616:
612:
608:
604:
599:
597:
593:
589:
585:
581:
578:
572:
562:
560:
555:
548:Complications
545:
543:
539:
534:
532:
522:
520:
516:
510:
500:
498:
494:
488:
487:Struma ovarii
481:Struma ovarii
478:
476:
472:
467:
465:
461:
460:cranial bones
457:
453:
449:
445:
441:
437:
433:
429:
424:
422:
418:
414:
409:
408:
399:
393:
391:
387:
377:
368:
366:
362:
358:
355:
345:
343:
339:
335:
331:
327:
316:
308:
294:
291:
289:
284:
282:
278:
272:
270:
265:
263:
262:tissue biopsy
259:
255:
251:
250:dermoid cysts
247:
243:
239:
234:
232:
228:
224:
214:
212:
208:
204:
200:
196:
192:
188:
184:
180:
176:
172:
162:
158:
154:
151:
147:
143:
140:
136:
132:
129:
127:
123:
120:
119:Tissue biopsy
117:
115:
111:
107:
103:
99:
95:
92:
88:
84:
81:
79:
78:Complications
75:
71:
69:
65:
62:
58:
55:
53:
49:
46:
42:
37:
33:
28:
23:
5090:
4976:of the male
4637:
4613:Dysgerminoma
4356:Glomus tumor
4335:
4304:Histiocytoma
4142:mastocytosis
4127:
4110:Subcutaneous
4025:Polyembryoma
3980:Dermoid cyst
3973:
3967:
3936:Dysgerminoma
3860:
3836:
3825:
3814:
3806:
3759:
3735:
3723:
3669:
3656:
3612:
3608:
3598:
3553:
3549:
3539:
3528:. Retrieved
3524:
3514:
3505:
3496:
3461:
3457:
3447:
3412:
3408:
3398:
3365:
3361:
3355:
3328:
3324:
3314:
3305:
3295:
3279:11581/112802
3265:(2): 65–69.
3262:
3258:
3252:
3239:
3235:
3198:
3194:
3163:
3159:
3148:
3123:
3119:
3112:
3087:
3083:
3076:
3043:
3039:
3033:
3006:
3002:
2992:
2965:
2961:
2951:
2916:
2912:
2902:
2877:
2873:
2867:
2834:
2830:
2824:
2791:
2787:
2780:
2763:
2759:
2753:
2728:
2724:
2718:
2685:
2681:
2675:
2642:
2638:
2632:
2615:
2611:
2604:
2579:
2575:
2569:
2544:
2540:
2534:
2501:
2497:
2491:
2466:
2462:
2456:
2419:
2415:
2405:
2372:
2368:
2327:(1): 63–74.
2324:
2320:
2310:
2277:
2273:
2267:
2237:(1): 50–57.
2234:
2230:
2224:
2199:
2195:
2189:
2156:
2152:
2146:
2121:
2117:
2111:
2086:
2082:
2076:
2041:
2037:
2027:
1994:
1990:
1984:
1973:the original
1942:
1938:
1925:
1908:
1904:
1891:
1874:
1870:
1864:
1831:
1827:
1821:
1796:
1792:
1786:
1731:
1727:
1677:
1673:
1663:
1646:
1642:
1629:
1594:
1590:
1580:
1560:
1553:
1533:
1526:
1506:
1499:
1479:
1472:
1452:
1445:
1425:
1394:
1384:
1372:. Retrieved
1370:. 2011-02-02
1367:
1335:
1305:
1273:
1245:. Retrieved
1243:. 2011-02-02
1240:
1201:
1176:. Retrieved
1171:
1129:
1101:
1089:
1073:
1060:rare disease
1057:
1046:
1039:
1028:and risk of
1013:Epidemiology
1008:
977:
973:
965:
962:
959:Chemotherapy
952:
950:
944:
942:
926:Extraspinal
925:
912:
896:
860:
848:
828:chemotherapy
821:
804:spina bifida
794:is a useful
781:
759:, caused by
754:
716:
714:
661:
659:
642:brain matter
635:
600:
574:
551:
535:
528:
514:
512:
490:
470:
468:
455:
435:
431:
427:
425:
412:
406:
403:
397:
386:dermoid cyst
383:
380:Dermoid cyst
374:
351:
342:dermoid cyst
322:
292:
285:
273:
269:chemotherapy
266:
235:
220:
170:
168:
150:chemotherapy
41:dermoid cyst
4740:Endometrium
4072:Skin cancer
1374:20 December
1247:20 December
1178:20 December
863:metastasize
773:mediastinal
757:pelvic pain
740:), causing
693:germ layers
619:mediastinum
584:pluripotent
554:mass effect
5225:Obstetrics
5214:Categories
4730:Adenomyoma
4712:Myometrium
4202:Schwannoma
4161:Urogenital
3827:DiseasesDB
3784:C62.930),
3530:2021-02-07
3458:Stem Cells
3201:: 568062.
2422:: 139425.
1680:: 568062.
1107:References
1053:choristoma
928:ependymoma
777:chest pain
734:blood flow
726:ultrasound
721:congenital
699:(immature
689:Micrograph
596:congenital
588:germ cells
509:Epignathus
503:Epignathus
464:long bones
181:, such as
57:Gynecology
5172:Carcinoma
5029:Germ cell
4997:Sex cord–
4988:Testicles
4605:Germ cell
4366:Carcinoid
3972:Fetus in
3926:Germinoma
3862:eMedicine
3838:SNOMED CT
3730:eMedicine
3629:1097-4172
3525:The Niche
3246:eMedicine
3182:2091-0908
2859:260569521
2019:260136953
1064:incidence
1036:at right.
1026:incidence
984:thyroxine
970:Follow-up
934:Treatment
871:carcinoma
844:malignant
701:cartilage
672:Diagnosis
258:cancerous
156:Frequency
148:Surgery,
145:Treatment
52:Specialty
5119:Prostate
5101:Embryoma
5091:Teratoma
5046:Seminoma
4910:Melanoma
4811:Placenta
4638:Teratoma
4336:Teratoma
4235:Chordoma
4121:vascular
3968:Teratoma
3931:Seminoma
3867:med/3449
3736:teratoma
3714:Archived
3703:Archived
3692:Archived
3647:33152263
3590:23918355
3488:20641038
3431:18622858
3390:46250641
3347:16363331
3287:15065985
3227:23082264
3140:10454682
3104:10561269
3060:17333214
3025:18541896
2984:10811491
2894:10726703
2851:17080331
2816:21066080
2808:18618728
2710:40147917
2702:15928937
2667:11556991
2659:15895292
2624:18592797
2561:17561476
2526:23864999
2518:17564180
2448:25197607
2397:20627932
2389:17080330
2351:21163445
2302:11210782
2294:19184054
2259:22847474
2181:25588284
2173:28042664
2138:16702458
2103:16985105
2068:31149110
2011:12369008
1969:14676454
1917:16382253
1883:17076951
1856:57099054
1848:17556829
1758:31911616
1706:23082264
1655:14532748
1621:29406578
996:yolk sac
908:lymphoma
867:leukemia
784:yolk sac
717:in utero
709:ectoderm
705:endoderm
697:mesoderm
603:testicle
515:in utero
499:tissue.
448:twinning
413:in fetu
390:ectoderm
319:evident.
217:Symptoms
211:testicle
199:tailbone
171:teratoma
68:Symptoms
61:oncology
25:Teratoma
4833:General
4659:Fibroma
4590:Luteoma
4580:Thecoma
4467:Ovaries
4074:of the
3821:D013724
3638:7704916
3581:3761568
3558:Bibcode
3479:2996086
3382:1006958
3338:1259148
3218:3469088
3068:1380993
2943:6684416
2934:1353316
2772:7692755
2745:7508500
2596:9349774
2483:9781660
2439:4150507
2342:3158385
2251:9841706
2216:6540049
2059:6535264
1960:3055135
1813:6724790
1749:7286805
1697:3469088
1612:5925521
1095:of the
953:en bloc
939:Surgery
875:sarcoma
761:torsion
746:hydrops
662:in fetu
607:ovaries
586:cells:
497:thyroid
471:in fetu
456:in fetu
436:in fetu
432:in fetu
428:in fetu
407:in fetu
398:in fetu
135:dermoid
108:Unknown
4974:Tumors
4859:Vagina
4773:Cervix
4703:Uterus
4458:Adnexa
4446:Tumors
4112:tumors
4084:Dermis
4076:dermis
3811:: 9080
3732:(also
3645:
3635:
3627:
3588:
3578:
3486:
3476:
3439:748134
3437:
3429:
3388:
3380:
3345:
3335:
3285:
3225:
3215:
3180:
3138:
3102:
3066:
3058:
3023:
2982:
2941:
2931:
2892:
2857:
2849:
2814:
2806:
2770:
2743:
2708:
2700:
2665:
2657:
2622:
2594:
2559:
2524:
2516:
2481:
2446:
2436:
2395:
2387:
2349:
2339:
2300:
2292:
2257:
2249:
2214:
2179:
2171:
2136:
2101:
2066:
2056:
2017:
2009:
1967:
1957:
1915:
1881:
1854:
1846:
1811:
1756:
1746:
1704:
1694:
1653:
1619:
1609:
1568:
1541:
1514:
1487:
1460:
1433:
1401:
1343:
1313:
1281:
1208:
1174:. 2007
1137:
916:glioma
840:benign
806:, and
627:coccyx
493:goitre
405:Fetus
396:Fetus
332:, and
330:muscle
254:benign
187:muscle
179:tissue
161:coccyx
131:Lipoma
105:Causes
5164:Penis
5137:HGPIN
4897:Vulva
4250:Nevus
4179:Neuro
4153:Other
4140:(for
3808:ICD-O
3802:O66.3
3798:O33.7
3794:D29.2
3786:D13.4
3770:C22.7
3711:#5350
3700:#4541
3689:#2657
3666:from
3435:S2CID
3386:S2CID
3064:S2CID
2855:S2CID
2812:S2CID
2706:S2CID
2663:S2CID
2522:S2CID
2393:S2CID
2298:S2CID
2255:S2CID
2177:S2CID
2015:S2CID
1976:(PDF)
1935:(PDF)
1901:(PDF)
1852:S2CID
1639:(PDF)
1076:mares
1049:orbit
945:i.e.,
873:, or
856:sebum
744:, or
650:torso
648:, or
638:teeth
611:skull
440:fetus
417:spine
340:(see
297:Types
242:sperm
229:, or
209:, or
207:ovary
193:, or
191:teeth
175:tumor
173:is a
97:Types
4491:CMS:
4128:see
3974:fetu
3832:3604
3816:MeSH
3782:ILDS
3643:PMID
3625:ISSN
3609:Cell
3586:PMID
3484:PMID
3427:PMID
3378:PMID
3343:PMID
3283:PMID
3223:PMID
3199:2012
3178:ISSN
3136:PMID
3100:PMID
3056:PMID
3021:PMID
2980:PMID
2939:PMID
2890:PMID
2847:PMID
2804:PMID
2768:PMID
2741:PMID
2698:PMID
2655:PMID
2620:PMID
2592:PMID
2557:PMID
2514:PMID
2479:PMID
2444:PMID
2420:2014
2385:PMID
2347:PMID
2290:PMID
2247:PMID
2212:PMID
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