Shilha language - Knowledge

1140:

10% of Casablancais speak Tachelhit, i.e. more than 334,000 people. Casablanca is therefore the first Tachelhit city in Morocco, ahead of Agadir (222,000 speakers). Similarly, 9.2% of Rbatis speak Tachelhit, i.e. more than 52,000 people, or 4% of Tangiers and Oujdis. Finally, there are singular cases of very outlying municipalities such as the fishing village of Imlili, south of Dakhla (60% of speakers) or the rural municipality of Moulay Ahmed Cherif, 60 km west of the city of Al Hoceima (54% speakers). These situations are reminiscent of the historical migrations that have followed one another over the long term and especially the massive rural exodus that began in the 20th century towards the economic metropolises.

1054: 2658:

Segments that are higher on the sonority scale have precedence over those lower on the scale in forming the nucleus in a core syllable, with vowels and semivowels highest on the scale, followed by liquids and nasals, voiced fricatives, voiceless fricatives, voiced stops and voiceless stops. When no more segments are available as onsets, the remaining single consonants are assigned as coda to the preceding core syllable, but if a remaining consonant is identical to the consonant that is the onset of the following syllable, it merges with it to become a long consonant. A morpheme boundary does not necessarily constitute a syllable boundary.

17626: 20235: 1062: 1373:

dialects of their language are not very different." This was later confirmed by Ahmed Boukous, a Moroccan linguist and himself a native speaker of Shilha, who stated: "Shilha is endowed with a profound unity which permits the Shluh to communicate without problem, from the Ihahan in the northwest to the Aït Baamran in the southwest, from the Achtouken in the west to the Iznagen in the east, and from Aqqa in the desert to Tassaout in the plain of Marrakesh."

444: 20201: 1075: 391: 20252: 20269: 1395: 20218: 1494:. Stumme's grammar remained the richest source of grammatical information on Shilha for half a century. A problem with the work is its use of an over-elaborate, phonetic transcription which, while designed to be precise, generally fails to provide a transparent representation of spoken forms. Stumme also published a collection of Shilha fairy tales (1895, re-edited in Stroomer 2002). 2643:

on the phonetic level. According to Rachid Ridouane on the other hand, Shilha's apparently vowelless syllables are truly vowelless, with all phonemes, vowels as well as consonants, capable of serving as nucleus. The discussion is summed up in Ridouane (2008, with listing of relevant publications), where he conclusively demonstrates that a perfectly ordinary Shilha phrase such as

1815:", as used by Aspinion and others, thus becomes a purely graphical device employed to indicate that the preceding consonant is a syllable onset: , . As Galand has observed, the notation of "schwa" in fact results from "habits which are alien to Shilha". And, as conclusively shown by Ridouane (2008), transitional vowels or "intrusive vocoids" cannot even be accorded the status of 447: 446: 451: 450: 445: 452: 3301:), was first described and analyzed by Hassan Jouad (thesis 1983, book 1995; see also Dell and Elmedlaoui 2008). The traditional metrical system confirms the existence of vowelless syllables in Shilha, and Jouad's data have been used by Dell and Elmedlaoui, and by Ridouane to support their conclusions. 5403:

These are nouns of Arabic origin (including loans from French and Spanish through Arabic) which have largely retained their Arabic morphology. They distinguish two genders (not always unambiguously marked) and two numbers (explicitly marked). A notable feature of these nouns is that they are borrowed

2383:

can have consonantal allophones and in order to avoid a hiatus. In most dialects, the semivowels are thus in complementary distribution with the high vowels, with the semivowels occurring as onset or coda, and the high vowels as nucleus in a syllable. This surface distribution of the semivowels and

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Although many speakers of Shilha, especially men, are bilingual in Moroccan Arabic, there are as yet no indications that the survival of Shilha as a living language will be seriously threatened in the immediate future. Because of the rapid growth of the Moroccan population over the past decades (from

11979:

of a verb. The list below offers an overview of MAN stem paradigms. Around 15 paradigms of non-derived verbs can be recognized, based on the formation of the Perfective and the Perfective negative. Further subdivisions could be made on the basis of the formations of the Imperfective. All sections in

3755:

The nominal prefix has no semantic content, i.e. it is not a sort of (in)definite article, although it is probably demonstrative in origin. It is made up of one or both of two elements, a gender prefix and a vocalic prefix. Singular feminine nouns may also have a gender suffix. For example, the noun

2642:

Shilha syllable structure has been the subject of a detailed and highly technical discussion by phoneticians. The issue was whether Shilha does or does not have vowelless syllables. According to John Coleman, syllables which are vowelless on the phonemic level have "schwa" serving as vocalic nucleus

1139:

Like the high concentration of Tachelhit-speaking speakers in Dakhla, Tachelhit is spoken significantly by many inhabitants, in Moroccan municipalities outside the area where the language historically originated. With 49% of its speakers living in cities, Tachelhit has become highly urbanized. Thus,

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The inherited cardinal numeral system consists of ten numerals (still in active use) and three numeral nouns (now obsolete) for "a tensome", "a hundred" and "a thousand". There is also an indefinite numeral meaning "several, many" or "how many?" which morphologically and syntactically patterns with

3235:

Since any syllable type may precede or follow any other type, and since any consonant can occur in syllable-initial or final position, there are no phonotactical restrictions on consonant sequences. This also means that the concept of the consonant cluster is not applicable in Shilha phonology, as

1131:

It is also the Amazigh language that has the greatest geographical extension in the country. Its speakers are present in 1512 of the 1538 municipalities in the kingdom. This distribution is notably the result of a large diaspora of small traders who have settled throughout the country, but also of

1135:

Five Moroccan regions have a rate of Tachelhit speakers higher than the national average: Souss-Massa, Guelmim–Oued Noun, Marrakech–Safi and Drâa–Tafilalet and Dakhla–Oued Ed Dahab. They concentrate 79% of the speakers. However, only two of them have a majority of Tachelhito speakers: Souss–Massa

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The syllable structure of Shilha was first investigated by Dell and Elmedlaoui in a seminal article (1985). They describe how syllable boundaries can be established through what they call "core syllabification". This works by associating a nucleus with an onset, to form a core syllable CV or CC.

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Dialect differentiation within Shilha, such as it is, has not been the subject of any targeted research, but several scholars have noted that all varieties of Shilha are mutually intelligible. The first was Stumme, who observed that all speakers can understand each other, "because the individual

3184:

Shilha syllable structure can be represented succinctly by the formula CX(C), in which C is any consonant (single/long), and X is any vowel or consonant (single) and with the restriction that in a syllable CXC the X, if it is a consonant, cannot be higher on the resonance scale than the

1436:

in a wide variety of genres (fairy tales, animal stories, taleb stories, poems, riddles, and tongue-twisters). A large number of oral texts and ethnographic texts on customs and traditions have been recorded and published since the end of the 19th century, mainly by European linguists.

453: 449: 1380:(CAT). The dividing line is generally put somewhere along the line Marrakesh-Zagora, with the speech of the Ighoujdamen, Iglioua and Aït Ouaouzguite ethnic groups belonging to Shilha, and that of the neighboring Inoultan, Infedouak and Imeghran ethnic groups counted as CAT. 295: 2649:"you took it away" indeed consists of three vowelless syllables , each made up of voiceless consonants only, and with voiceless consonants (not "schwa") serving as nucleus. Many definitions of the syllable that have been put forward do not cover the syllables of Shilha. 1606:

More recent, book-length studies include Jouad (1995, on metrics), Dell & Elmedlaoui (2002 and 2008, on syllables and metrics), El Mountassir (2009, a teaching grammar), Roettger (2017, on stress and intonation) and the many text editions by Stroomer (see also

15825:

These are a subtype of uninflected nouns. As with proper names, gender is not transparently marked on possessed nouns, which take gender agreement according to the natural sex of the referent. Plurals are either suppletive or made with the preposed pluralizer

1136:

with 66% of its population (1,765,417 speakers) and Guelmim–Oued Noun with 50% (218,650 speakers). This rate drops to 26% for Marrakech–Safi (1,185,846 speakers), 22% for Drâa–Tafilalet (359,936 speakers) and 18% in Dakhla–Oued Ed Dahab (25,198 speakers).

1638:

Shilha has three phonemic vowels, with length not a distinctive feature. The vowels show a fairly wide range of allophones. The vowel /a/ is most often realized as or , and /u/ is pronounced without any noticeable rounding except when adjacent to

14774:"of" requires a following inflected noun to be in the annexed state. This kind of possessive construction covers a wide range of relationships, including both alienable and inalienable possession, and most of them not involving actual ownership: 13962:

which are still recognizable as a separate type of verb on the basis of their MAN stem paradigms. In earlier stages of the language, these verbs had their own separate set of PNG markers, which are sporadically found in premodern manuscripts:

701:. Within the Shilha-speaking area, there are several Arabic-speaking enclaves, notably the town of Taroudant and its surroundings. Substantial Shilha-speaking migrant communities are found in most of the larger towns and cities of northern 8130:"toward" (with EL) were still consistently kept apart in premodern manuscript texts. In most modern dialects they have been amalgamated, with both now requiring the EA, and with the pre-pronominal forms each occurring with both meanings: 20888: 16586:"she with, she of" are borrowed from Arabic (original meaning "father of", "mother of"). They are used as formative elements and require a following inflected noun to be in the annexed state. The plural is formed with the pluralizer 1582:(1925–2003). Based on work with native speakers from Ifni, the work is written in a dense, inaccessible style, without a single clearly presented paradigm. Transcriptions, apart from being unconventional, are unreliable throughout. 1127:

With 4.7 million speakers or 14% of Morocco's population, Tachelhit is the most widely spoken Amazigh language in the Kingdom, ahead of Tamazight and Tarifit. Its speakers represent more than half of the 8.8 million Amazighophones.

19599: 1528:. It contains a short grammatical sketch, a collection of stories, poems and songs, and some interesting dialogues, all with translations. The work was written while the author was overseeing military operations in the region of 979:

in their endonymic use seem to have gained the upper hand relatively recently, as they are attested only in those manuscript texts which date from the 19th and 20th centuries. In older texts, the language is still referred to as

17288:

Tashlhiyt numerals 5 to 9 may be loanwords, although their origin is unclear; they do not seem to originate from Phoenician-Punic or Arabic. Additionally, all Tashlhiyt numerals agree in gender, whereas Arabic numerals do not.

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There are three inherited nouns to denote "a tensome", "a hundred" and "a thousand". These now seem to be obsolete, but they are well attested in the premodern manuscripts. Morphologically, they are ordinary inflected nouns.

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Shilha possesses an old literary tradition. Numerous texts written in Arabic script are preserved in manuscripts dating from the 16th century. The earliest datable text is a compendium of lectures on the "religious sciences"

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Another exceptional syllable type, described by Dell and Elmedlaoui (1985), occurs in utterance-final position, when a syllable of the type CC or CC: is "annexed" to a preceding syllable of the type CV or C:V, for example

1515:(1907) contains extensive vocabularies in both Shilha and Central Atlas Tamazight, in addition to some 20 pages of useful phrases. The work seems to have been put together in some haste and must be consulted with caution. 1828: 17223:"alms tax". It is possible that during the early stages of islamization such concepts were expressed with native vocabulary or with earlier, non-Arabic loans. One such term which has survived into the modern era is 17205:"fasting", which certainly belong to the very oldest layer of Arabic loans, are fully incorporated into Shilha morphology, many equally central Islamic concepts are expressed with unincorporated nouns, for example 17407:

Shilha ethnic names are quoted here in a conventional French orthography, as is usual in berberological literature. These names are also often given in an Arabicized form, for example Ghoujdama, Glaoua, Fetouaka,

448: 18329:

The speech of the Ighchan, and possibly other Shilha variants, often retains the original semivowels (Galand 1988, 2.9), and this can also be seen in premodern manuscript texts (van den Boogert 1997:249).

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For example, "Syllable: A phonological unit consisting of a vowel or other unit that can be produced in isolation, either alone or accompanied by one or more less sonorous units" (P.H. Matthews,

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For many nouns referring to male and female humans or animals (mainly larger mammals), matching masculine and feminine forms exist with the same nominal stem, reflecting the sex of the referent:

5395:"Portugal". Gender is not transparently marked on these names, but those referring to humans take gender agreement according to the natural sex of the referent (male/masculine, female/feminine). 4318:. An inseparable vocalic prefix either remains unchanged, or changes as part of vowel change (but if the vocalic prefix is inseparable in the singular, it may be separable in the plural, as with 5314:

It is probable that all uninflected nouns were originally masculine. The few that now take feminine agreement contain elements that have been reanalyzed as marking feminine gender, for example

736:. Many texts, written in Arabic script and dating from the late 16th century to the present, are preserved in manuscripts. A modern printed literature in Shilha has developed since the 1970s. 1819:

vowels. It is therefore preferable not to write transitional vowels or "schwa", and to transcribe the vowels in a strictly phonemic manner, as in Galand (1988) and all recent text editions.

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Arabic plurals are usually borrowed with the singulars. If the borrowed plural is not explicitly marked for gender (according to Arabic morphology) it has the same gender as the singular:

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Cf. Dell and Elmedlaoui (2002:232), who observe the same practice in transcriptions of Moroccan Arabic. The practice is almost never applied entirely consistently. For example, the noun

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Gender is consistently marked on 2nd singular, and on 2nd and 3rd plural. Gender is not consistently marked on 3rd singular and 1st plural. Gender is never marked on 1st singular.

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In the modern language, fused forms have developed in which the first numeral is always masculine, while the following noun is in the singular, and connected with the preposition

3752:. Gender and number are all explicitly marked, but historical and synchronic sound changes have in some cases resulted in the neutralization of the difference between EL and EA. 20795: 18423:

Both Galand (1988. 4.11) and Kossmann (2012:67n7) rightly point out that the annexed state in Berber is not to be confused with the construct state of the Semitic languages.

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Inflected nouns are by far the most numerous type. These nouns can be easily recognised from their outward shape: they begin with a nominal prefix which has the form (t)V-:

1571:(1953), an informative though somewhat disorganized teaching grammar. Aspinion's simple but accurate transcriptions did away with earlier phonetic and French-based systems. 1770:". Typically, a transitional vowel is audible following the onset of a vowelless syllable CC or CCC, if either of the flanking consonants, or both, are voiced, for example 3807:

Gender is thus marked unambiguously, albeit asymmetrically. In just a handful of nouns, the morphological gender does not conform to the grammatical gender (and number):

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The possessor can also be expressed with a pronominal possessive complement. This consists of a pronominal suffix added to the preposition, which then takes the shape

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Inflected nouns distinguish two genders, masculine and feminine; two numbers, singular and plural; and two states, conventionally referred to by their French names as

1829: 16338:

Another group of possessed nouns require a following noun phrase, occurring only in an NP-internal possessive phrase. A following inflected noun must be in the EA.

1595:(1920–2017), a French linguist and berberologist. The sketch is mainly based on the speech of the Ighchan ethnic group of the Anti-Atlas, with comparative notes on 20809: 20671: 20666: 1544:(2nd enlarged edition 1936), a teaching grammar with graded lessons and thematic vocabularies, some good ethnographic texts (without translations) and a wordlist. 20413: 20408: 5341:

Many uninflected nouns are collectives or non-count nouns which do not have a separate plural form. Those that have a plural make it by preposing the pluralizer

20403: 2387:

Positing four distinct phonemes is necessitated by the fact that semivowels and high vowels can occur in sequence, in lexically determined order, for example

20398: 8634:"in" with pronominal suffixes, with all its free and dialectal variants, is presented below. The other prepositions display a much smaller variety of forms. 2466:

Any consonant in Tashlhiyt, in any position within a word, may be simple or geminate. There may be up to two geminates in a stem, and up to three in a word.

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The Arabic hundreds and thousands are used in the modern language, taking the places of the original numeral nouns while the original syntax is maintained:

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The form before nouns and demonstrative pronouns and the independent form are identical for most prepositions, the exception being the dative preposition

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which shows the number and the length of the syllables, as well as the place of the obligatory voiced consonant (Jouad lists hundreds of such formulae).

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Outside these contexts, the EL is used. Uninflected nouns and unincorporated loans, which do not distinguish state, remain unchanged in these contexts.

20584: 20382: 11651:) are added to the 3rd singular and masculine 3rd plural masculine verb forms respectively to make relative forms (also known as "participles"), as in 3188:

Exceptional syllables of the types X (vowel or single/long consonant) and V(C) (vowel plus single/long consonant) occur in utterance-initial position:

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Galand (1988, 2.1), "le plus souvant les nombreuses notations de que l'on observe chez les berbèrisants résultent d'habitudes étrangères au chleuh".

14014:(mountain which.is.big) "big mountain". Stative verbs do not have a separate Perfective negative form. The table shows a selection of stative verbs. 5995:

The formation of feminine nouns from masculine nouns is a productive process. A feminine noun is formed by adding both the feminine nominal prefix

19179:. Casablanca: Dar El Kitab (the bland title hides a book on Shilha containing, among others, nine narrative texts with translations, pp. 152–289). 17001:"not". They do not require the annexed state, and should probably be translated as "who does not have", with the following noun phrase as object: 3786:. While feminine inflected nouns always have the feminine prefix, masculine nouns do not have a gender prefix in the free state (EL); for example 11636:

There are two basic sets of PNG affixes, one set marking the subject of ordinary verb forms, and another set marking the subject of imperatives.

19973:

Tashelhiyt Berber folktales from Tazerwalt (South Morocco). A linguistic reanalysis of Hans Stumme's Tazerwalt texts with an English translation

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The annexed state (EA) is regularly formed by reducing the vocalic prefix to zero and, with masculine nouns, adding the masculine gender prefix

20969: 18810: 18731: 18682: 18633: 5572:

Loanwords whose singular is masculine may have a plural which is feminine, and marked as such (according to Arabic morphology), for example

19700:. Deuxième édition revue et corrigée. Paris: Société d'éditions géographiques, maritimes et coloniales (first ed. Paris: Challamel, 1921). 3657:

On the basis of their morphology, three types of Shilha nouns can be distinguished, two indigenous types and one type of external origin:

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the high vowels has tended to obscure their status as four distinct phonemes, with some linguists denying phonemic status to /w/ and /j/.

1838:

The chart below represents Tashlhiyt consonants in IPA, with orthographical representations added between angled brackets when different:

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Van den Boogert (1997) offers a first exploration of Shilha manuscript literature, including an edition and translation of Awzal's work

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Though Tashelhit has historically been an oral language, manuscripts of mostly religious texts have been written in Tashelhit using the

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12 million in 1961 to over 33 million in 2014), it is safe to say that Shilha is now spoken by more people than ever before in history.

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The numerals 1 to 10 are constructed with nouns (inflected nouns in the EA), the gender of the numeral agreeing with that of the noun:

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There are two deictic clitics which are used with verbs to indicate movement toward or away from the point of reference: centripetal

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A few verbs have just one MAN stem. The majority of verbs have two, three or four different MAN stems. The Aorist stem serves as the

3867:

With some nouns, the original vocalic prefix has fused with a stem-initial vowel, to produce an inseparable (and irreducible) vowel:

1782:"schoolboy". In the phonetic transcriptions of Stumme (1899) and Destaing (1920, 1940), many such transitional vowels are indicated. 1562:(1940, with copious lexical notes). Destaing also planned a grammar which was to complete the trilogy, but this was never published. 19643: 9473:"with". In the premodern language, both numerals took the gender of the counted noun, with the following noun in the plural (EA): 3321:

Within these restrictions, the poet is free to devise his own metrical form. This can be recorded in a meaningless formula called

1532:, shortly after the imposition of the French protectorate (1912). Justinard also wrote several works on the history of the Souss. 20919: 2375:

have vocalic allophones and between consonants (C_C) and between consonant and pause (C_# and #_C). Similarly, the high vowels

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Textes berbères des Guedmioua et Goundafa (Haut Atlas, Maroc). Basés sur les documents de F. Corjon, J.-M. Franchi et J. Eugène

20037: 19923: 19876: 19857: 19765: 19555: 19536: 19374: 19323: 19304: 19108: 18835: 18786: 18707: 18658: 18609: 18382: 18249: 18211: 18041: 18003: 17932: 17868: 17767: 8103:"toward" (in some modern dialects, and in premodern texts) and prepositions borrowed from Arabic (not in the table) such as 20873: 18958: 18869: 18537:

See van den Boogert (1997:271–272). There are many other stative verbs which do not belong to this separate type, such as

17963:

Chafii, Hamza (November 2015). "A Linguistic Investigation of the Main Concepts of Amazigh Poetry in Morocco and Algeria".

10974:

A Shilha verb form is basically a combination of a person-number-gender (PNG) affix and a mood-aspect-negation (MAN) stem.

19042: 15832:. Most possessed nouns are consanguinal kinship terms which require a possessive suffix (the table contains a selection). 14875:

Many such possessive constructions are compounds, whose meaning cannot be deduced from the ordinary meaning of the nouns:

13996:

In the modern language, these verbs take the regular PNG markers. Only the original singular relative form without prefix

630:

Shilha is spoken in an area covering around 100,000 square kilometres, making the language area approximately the size of

20878: 20189: 20028:

Stroomer, H. (2008). "Three Tashelhiyt Berber texts from the Arsène Roux archives". In Lubitzky, A.; et al. (eds.).

19138: 17713: 2262: 2089: 1766:

In addition to the three phonemic vowels, there are non-phonemic transitional vowels, often collectively referred to as "

322: 19914:

Stroomer, H. (2001a). "A Tashelhiyt Berber tale from the Goundafa region (High Atlas, Morocco)". In Zaborski, A. (ed.).

17834: 20962: 19744: 18917:"Peripheral vowels in Tashlhiyt Berber are phonologically long: Evidence from Tagnawt, a secret language used by women" 18116:

should not be written, because the syllabic structure then becomes . In such cases Aspinion and others routinely write

16335:

Some kinship terms are not possessed nouns but inflected nouns which take possessive complements (see examples above).

15194:

There are two ways to express possession within a clause. The most common way is to use the "exist with" construction:

18528:

A fifth MAN stem, the Imperfective negative, is sporadically found in manuscript texts (see Van den Boogert 1997:270).

20579: 20149: 20018: 19999: 19980: 19961: 19942: 19803: 19574: 19497: 19431: 19412: 19393: 19242: 19089: 19070: 19031: 18983: 17983: 2553:

Gemination also may occur due to phonological assimilation. For example, the following phrase would be realized as :

2235: 1114: 563: 499: 430: 17313:

which is spoken by "some people of Souss, in particular the descendants of Sidi Ḥmad u Musa." He quotes an example:

732:

Shilha possesses a distinct and substantial literary tradition that can be traced back several centuries before the

3914:

With feminine nouns that have an inseparable vocalic prefix, the difference between EL and EA is thus neutralized.

2159: 2104: 1092: 408: 20207: 18048:

At present, there is no convincing phonetic or phonological evidence for the presence of word stress in Tashlhiyt.

2082: 312: 17795: 1518:

On the eve of the First World War there appeared a small, practical booklet composed by Captain (later Colonel)

20299: 19904: 19725: 19212: 19193: 19127: 17417:

Text published in the modern orthography in Arabic script also do not represent transitional vowels or "schwa".

1096: 733: 412: 30:

This article is about the Berber language of western Morocco exclusively. For other languages or dialects, see

20893: 18241:

Tonal placement in Tashlhiyt : How an intonation system accommodates to adverse phonological environments

3825:"(someone's) children, offspring" is morphologically feminine singular, but takes masculine plural agreement. 21368: 20955: 19266:

Dell, F. & Elmedlaoui, M. (1985). "Syllabic consonants and syllabification in Imdlawn Tashlhiyt Berber".

2174: 4240:

Inflected nouns show a great variety of plural formations, applying one or more of the following processes:

2431:"camel's hump". The assumption of four phonemes also results in a more efficient description of morphology. 1789:

to mark the place where a transitional vowel may be heard, irrespective of its quality, and they also write

21163: 21027: 20480: 19590: 19258: 16421: 19451: 17395: 17387: 17375: 17371: 5486:

Arabic loans usually retain their gender in Shilha. The exception are Arabic masculine nouns which end in

2416: 2412: 2380: 2376: 2372: 2368: 2328: 2318: 2292: 2241: 2197: 2165: 2127: 2095: 2053: 2036: 2001: 1986: 1969: 1804: 1797: 1749: 1414:

since at least the 16th century. Today, Tashelhit is most commonly written in the Arabic script, although

21363: 21204: 21168: 20994: 20447: 5592:

The annexed state (EA) of an inflected noun is used in a number of clearly defined syntactical contexts:

4201:

The phonological rules on the realization of /w/ and /j/ apply to the EA as well. For example, the EA of

1712: 1053: 20096: 20057: 19849:

Tonal placement in Tashlhiyt. How an intonation system accommodates to adverse phonological environments

18026:

Tonal placement in Tashlhiyt: How an intonation system accommodates to adverse phonological environments

7585:); this infix also occurs with some prepositions as a free or dialectal variant of the form without the 3953:. The table below presents an overview (all examples are singular; plurals also distinguish EL and EA): 1645:. The presence of a pharyngealized consonant invites a more centralized realization of the vowel, as in 798: 21256: 16164:

If these nouns are part of an NP-internal possessive construction, possession must be indicated twice:

10715:

There are also agent nouns derived from these verbs which are apposed to a noun or used independently:

2250: 2136: 2118: 1737: 19899:. Université Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah, Faculté des lettres et des sciences humaines. pp. 37–49. 17471:

Examples presented here of numerals with horses and cows are extrapolated from attested constructions.

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The tens, hundreds and thousand were formed by combining the numerals 1 to 10 with the numeral nouns:

6524:

In addition, there are two derived sets which contain the suffixed pronouns (except in 1st singular):

141: 21358: 21196: 21130: 20691: 20639: 20465: 20430: 20292: 17261:"sins", obsolete in the modern language, but attested in a premodern manuscript text, whose singular 11980:

the list contain a selection of verbs, except sections 12, 14, and 15, which contain a full listing.

3317:

each line is divided into feet, with the last syllable in each foot stressed ("lifted") in recitation

2446:

are transcribed phonemically in some citation forms, but always phonetically in context, for example

1473:"The Ocean of Tears" (an adhortation, with a description of Judgment Day, in verse) and other texts. 602: 192: 137: 19600:"Morphologie gabaritique et apophonie dans un langage secret féminin (taqjmit) en berbère tachelhit" 19118:

Boogert, N. van den (2002). "The names of the months in medieval Berber". In Naït-Zerrad, K. (ed.).

18870:"Morphologie gabaritique et apophonie dans un langage secret féminin (taqjmit) en berbère tachelhit" 17625: 15405: 14744: 14487: 14378: 8517: 8425: 8247: 7801:

Prepositions can have up to three different forms, depending on the context in which they are used:

7781: 7451: 7095: 21373: 20743: 20696: 20341: 20241: 13602:

The table below is adapted from Kossmann (2012:40, table 2.12 Uses of MAN stems in Figuig Berber).

5371:

Names of people and foreign place-names can be seen as a subtype of uninflected nouns, for example

2216: 1995: 1963: 1721: 17: 20134: 18916: 17322:

Two secret languages used by Shilha women are described by Lahrouchi and Ségéral. They are called

756:"male speaker of Shilha". Shilha names of other languages are formed in the same way, for example 21115: 20617: 20224: 19757:

Metodo di tachelhit : lingua amazigh (berbera) del Sud del Marocco : asselmd n-tchelhit

3367:

Application of Dell and Elmedlaoui's core syllabification reveals a regular mosaic of syllables:

2206: 2188: 2023: 1980: 1538:(1876–1952), prolific author of books and articles about Berber languages, in 1921 published his 1377: 1085: 698: 401: 31: 15599:), whose use is restricted to (inalienable) part-whole relationships and kinship relationships: 10135:

In the modern language the Arabic tens are used, which have developed a separate feminine form:

1519: 21303: 21173: 21063: 21058: 20914: 20845: 20830: 20788: 20517: 20453: 19814: 19798:. Edités et annotés par N. van den Boogert, M. Scheltus, H. Stroomer. Aix-en-Provence: Edisud. 19099:

Boogert, N. van den (2000). "Medieval Berber orthography". In Chaker, S.; Zaborski, A. (eds.).

7499: 1856: 241: 17762:. Christopher Moseley (2nd ed.). Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge. pp. 58–59. 6132:

Feminine nouns derived from masculine nouns with inanimate reference have diminutive meaning:

3813:"sheep and goats" is morphologically masculine singular, but takes feminine plural agreement; 3311:

each syllable in a line contains the same number of segments as its counterpart in other lines

21125: 21040: 20850: 20840: 20634: 20544: 20330: 20120:"Syllable structure as coupled oscillator modes: evidence from Georgian vs. Tashlhiyt Berber" 19405:

Les langues dans le monde ancien et moderne. Troisième partie, Les langues chamito-sémitiques

19360:. Paris: Geuthner (contains the same texts as Destaing 1937, which see for the translations). 17480:

Each relative form is now used for both genders. An obsolete feminine singular relative form

17379: 14386:

The use of these clitics is compulsory (idiomatic) with certain verbs. For example, the verb

5368:"people, humans" is morphologically masculine singular but takes masculine plural agreement. 2030: 1919: 1620: 245: 223: 182: 19237:. Vol. 1–8. Edited by Z.I. Sinaceur. Rabat: Al Manahil, Ministère des affaires culturelles. 9467:

The teens are made by connecting the numerals 1 to 9 to the numeral 10 with the preposition

7563:), and with a closed set of necessarily possessed kinship terms to indicate possession (see 1484:

The first attempt at a grammatical description of Shilha is the work of the German linguist

20978: 20733: 20728: 20589: 17346:. They employ various processes, such as reduplication, to disguise the ordinary language. 17152: 3647: 2047: 1873: 1600: 145: 20376: 20119: 19992:

Tashelhiyt Berber texts from the Ayt Brayyim, Lakhsas and Guedmioua region (south Morocco)

15404:

Mismatch in the number of words between lines: 6 word(s) in line 1, 5 word(s) in line 2 (

14743:

Mismatch in the number of words between lines: 6 word(s) in line 1, 5 word(s) in line 2 (

14486:

Mismatch in the number of words between lines: 8 word(s) in line 1, 7 word(s) in line 2 (

14377:

Mismatch in the number of words between lines: 9 word(s) in line 1, 8 word(s) in line 2 (

8516:

Mismatch in the number of words between lines: 6 word(s) in line 1, 7 word(s) in line 2 (

8424:

Mismatch in the number of words between lines: 8 word(s) in line 1, 7 word(s) in line 2 (

8246:

Mismatch in the number of words between lines: 7 word(s) in line 1, 6 word(s) in line 2 (

8087:

Most prepositions require a following inflected noun to be in the annexed state (EA) (see

7780:

Mismatch in the number of words between lines: 6 word(s) in line 1, 5 word(s) in line 2 (

7450:

Mismatch in the number of words between lines: 5 word(s) in line 1, 4 word(s) in line 2 (

7094:

Mismatch in the number of words between lines: 7 word(s) in line 1, 6 word(s) in line 2 (

3608:

The poem is composed in a metre listed by Jouad (1995:283) and exemplified by the formula

3330:

The system is illustrated here with a quatrain ascribed to the semi-legendary Shilha poet

3185:

syllable-final consonant, that is, syllables such as and are possible, but not * and *.

1585:

The only available accessible grammatical sketch written in a modern linguistic frame is "

797:(Arabic) origin. The first appearance of the name in a western printed source is found in 8: 21276: 21018: 18206:. Zygmunt Frajzyngier, Erin Shay. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 22–23. 17158: 14762:

A possessive construction within a noun phrase is most frequently expressed as Possessee

11023: 10807:

to a cardinal numeral, which is then constructed with a plural noun in the usual manner:

10229:

The numerals between the tens are most frequently made with the Arabic numerals 1 to 10:

9318:"one Westerner, a Westerner", and they are used independently with the meaning "anyone" ( 3314:

each line contains one particular syllable that must begin or end with a voiced consonant

2541: 2286: 1926: 1579: 20150:"Laryngeal behavior in voiceless words and sentences: a photoelectroglottographic study" 20074: 19223: 17173:, although the region in which Tashlhiyt is spoken was never in the empire's territory. 16393:

These four possessed nouns occur as first element in compound kinship terms (see above;

10891:

The ordinal prefixes is also used with Arabic numerals and with the indefinite numeral:

20822: 20751: 20527: 19834: 19666: 19630: 19584: 19283: 19252: 18897: 18804: 18725: 18676: 18627: 18312: 18304: 18182: 18174: 17905: 17570:

in the examples in this article. Unassimilated realizations occur in deliberate speech.

17248: 11976: 10982:

The workings of this system are illustrated here with the full conjugation of the verb

1389: 1305: 839: 794: 572: 21345:

EL:free state ("état libre") EA:annexed state ("état d'annexion") ORD:ordinal numeral

17953:. An older edition of this work, in the original Arabic script, is in Stricker (1960). 6315:

Feminine derivations are also used as names of languages, professions and activities:

285: 21187: 21050: 20986: 20781: 20723: 20683: 20485: 20475: 20033: 20014: 19995: 19976: 19957: 19938: 19919: 19900: 19872: 19871:. Ethnographic texts re-edited, translated into English by John Cooper. Köln: Köppe. 19853: 19815:"Syllables without vowels. Phonetic and phonological evidence from Tashelhiyt Berber" 19799: 19771: 19761: 19740: 19721: 19634: 19622: 19570: 19565:

Kossmann, M.G. & Stroomer, H.J. (1997). "Berber phonology". In Kaye, A.S. (ed.).

19551: 19532: 19493: 19427: 19408: 19389: 19370: 19319: 19300: 19238: 19208: 19189: 19123: 19104: 19085: 19066: 19027: 18979: 18936: 18932: 18901: 18889: 18841: 18831: 18830:. Zygmunt Frajzyngier, Erin Shay. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 64. 18792: 18782: 18713: 18703: 18664: 18654: 18615: 18605: 18378: 18316: 18296: 18255: 18245: 18217: 18207: 18186: 18166: 18037: 17999: 17928: 17897: 17864: 17815: 17773: 17763: 11013: 8911:

the numerals 1 to 10. For numbers of 20 and over, Arabic numerals are commonly used.

8037: 7015:

The independent ("overt") pronouns are used to topicalize the subject or the object.

3295:

The metrics of traditional Shilha poems, as composed and recited by itinerant bards (

2529: 2341: 2149: 2015: 1890: 1880: 1427: 1376:

There exists no sharply defined boundary between Shilha dialects and the dialects of

694: 125: 19838: 19670: 19287: 6207:

Conversely, a masculine noun derived from a feminine noun has augmentative meaning:

1498: 784: 318: 129: 21310: 21266: 21261: 21248: 21214: 21158: 21150: 21135: 21098: 21068: 20773: 20718: 20710: 20629: 20567: 20539: 20507: 20439: 20315: 19826: 19689:

Mots et choses berbères. Notes de linguistique et d'ethnography, dialectes du Maroc

19658: 19614: 19445:. Rabat: al-Jamʿīyah al-maghribīyah li-l-baḥth wa-l-tabādul al-thaqāfī (in Shilha). 19275: 19161: 19153: 18928: 18881: 18286: 18156: 18029: 17991: 17807: 17177: 7862: 2349: 2317:

Additional phonemic consonants occur sporadically in recent loanwords, for example

1868: 1851: 1846: 1592: 1506: 1476:

Modern Tashelhit literature has been developing since the end of the 20th century.

528: 473: 187: 69: 17564:

For the sake of transparency, the preposition "of" is consistently transcribed as

3123:

Application of core syllabification produces the following Shilha syllable types:

2765:

they.went to one EA-orchard they.enter into-it to- they.eat EL-figs with EA-grapes

21317: 21289: 21230: 21140: 21107: 21084: 20756: 20651: 20623: 20612: 20594: 20500: 20495: 20470: 20393: 20369: 20359: 20354: 20349: 19784: 17298: 17162: 15332: 8006: 7879: 6254:

Feminine nouns derived from masculine collective nouns have singulative meaning:

5035:

The plural is generally not predictable from the shape of the singular, compare:

3819:"eyes" is morphologically masculine plural, but takes feminine plural agreement; 3638:

in the last syllable indicates the position of the compulsory voiced consonant).

2278: 1913: 1863: 1596: 1547: 1535: 1502: 1433: 690: 597:. When referring to the language, anthropologists and historians prefer the name 590: 585: 508: 197: 174: 19490:

Le calcul inconscient de l'improvisation. Poésie berbère. Rythme, nombre et sens

17180:

estimates that about 6% of the basic Tashlhiyt lexicon is borrowed from Arabic;

14912:

The possessor can itself be a possessee in a following possessive construction:

8919:

These are listed below. The formation of feminine "one" and "two" is irregular.

8415:

EL-orchard in.which they.exist trees that they.are.bearing.fruit it.is.irrigated

6007:

to a masculine noun. The semantic value of the feminine derivation is variable.

3308:

each line in a poem contains the same number of syllables as all the other lines

1005:

Because Souss is the most heavily populated part of the language area, the name

20938: 20909: 20561: 20555: 20522: 20490: 20364: 20177: 20085: 19916:

New Data and New Methods in Afroasiatic Linguistics: Robert Hetzron in Memoriam

19895:

Stroomer, H. (1998). "Dialect differentiation in Tachelhiyt Berber (Morocco)".

19662: 18347:

This issue is discussed in connection with other languages by Dixon (2010:284).

7559:

The pronominal suffixes are used with prepositions to indicate the object (see

5404:

with the Arabic definite article, which is semantically neutralized in Shilha:

5187:

Among the inflected nouns are found many incorporated loans. Examples include:

1748:

Additional phonemic vowels occur sporadically in recent loanwords, for example

1454: 1403: 993: 234: 133: 20164: 19830: 19775: 19618: 19279: 18885: 18291: 18274: 18259: 18161: 18144: 16411:"the brother of"). They also serve to indicate descent, origin and ethnicity: 14588:

When the verbal deictic clitics occur after an object pronoun, they change to

4297:

There are also irregular and suppletive plurals. The feminine singular suffix

2344:("emphatic") and plain dental consonants. There is also a distinction between 21352: 20572: 20420: 20030:

Evidence and Counter-Evidence. Essays in Honour of Frederik Kortlandt. Vol. 2

19626: 19157: 18940: 18893: 18845: 18796: 18717: 18668: 18619: 18300: 18221: 18170: 17901: 17838: 17819: 17777: 17157:

Tashlhiyt, like other Berber languages, has a small number of loanwords from

8071: 8054: 7972: 7624:

The indirect object clitics convey both benefactive and detrimental meaning:

4130: 2345: 1906: 1898: 1694: 1509:(1894), he then turned his attention to the Berber languages of Morocco. His 1411: 1065:

Communes or municipalities where Tachelhit is majority in Morocco (year 2014)

1012: 722: 155: 19847: 19082:

La révélation des énigmes. Lexiques arabo-berbères des xvii et xviii siècles

17995: 807:(1573), which mentions the "indigenous Africans called Xilohes or Berbers" ( 21035: 20550: 20388: 19755: 19706: 19481:

Les éléments de la versification en berbère marocain, tamazight et tachlhit

19225:

Dictionnaire français-tachelh'it et tamazir't (dialectes berbères du Maroc)

18239: 17982:

Merolla, Daniela (2020-04-29), Ojaide, Tanure; Ashuntantang, Joyce (eds.),

17184:

estimates that 25% of the stable lexicon overall is borrowed from Arabic.

17181: 17170: 13959: 8599:

Spatial relations are also expressed with phrases of the type "on top of":

1529: 1415: 18825: 18776: 18697: 18648: 18599: 18201: 18033: 17757: 17613: 2586:

Some consonants are realized differently during morphological gemination;

1565:

Lieutenant-interpreter (later Commander) Robert Aspinion is the author of

269: 17811: 17230: 14375:"I killed your father and threw his head (away from me) into a waterhole" 7989: 5237:

This is the least common type, which also includes some loans. Examples:

3331: 2227: 1706: 1689: 1485: 1225: 667: 121: 19869:

La vie berbère par les textes, parlers du sud-ouest marocain (tachelhit)

19508: 18405:, which contains references to other languages with vowelless syllables. 18308: 18178: 17909: 17885: 16278:

The suffix must also be added when possession is expressed in a clause:

8145:

The use of the different forms is illustrated here with the preposition

6001:(and, if necessary, a vocalic prefix), and the feminine singular suffix 1061: 21009: 20947: 19698:

Cours de berbère marocain. Dialectes du Sous du Haut et de l'Anti-Atlas

19101:

Etudes berères et chamito-sémitiques, Mélanges offerts à Karl-G. Prasse

17618: 16948: 16881: 16819: 16774: 16723: 16683: 16651: 16621: 16261: 16188: 15789: 15734: 15667: 15500: 15381: 15278: 15229: 14716: 14653: 14567: 14519: 14435: 14350: 10866: 10831: 10602: 10529: 10510: 10480: 10440: 10384: 10330: 10274: 10204: 10164: 10110: 10091: 10061: 10018: 9999: 9969: 9906: 9874: 9842: 9658: 9618: 9558: 9510: 9255: 9226: 9195: 9166: 8578: 8559: 8497: 8452: 8191: 8170: 7374: 7164: 7068: 5962: 5874: 5836: 5778: 5729: 5618: 3671:

The relevant morpho-syntactic categories are gender, number and state.

2755: 2693: 2356: 1816: 1729: 1699: 1345: 1165: 1099: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 750:. This name is morphologically a feminine noun, derived from masculine 675: 651: 647: 643: 639: 415: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 17555:

The distance between the outstretched tips of thumb and little finger.

1550:(1872–1940) greatly advanced knowledge of the Shilha lexicon with his 20135:"Regular and Irregular Imperfective conjugations in Berber languages" 19334: 19166: 19084:. Travaux et documents de l'Irémam, no. 19. Aix-en-Provence: Irémam. 18377:. Porta linguarum orientalium. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz. p. 143. 18106:

is the onset of the last syllable: . But when a vowel follows, as in

16049:

These kinship terms cannot occur without pronominal suffix. Example:

2352: 2071: 1205: 847:) forms denominal nouns and adjectives. There are also variant forms 663: 278: 262: 20275: 19644:"On the Internal Structure of Tashlhiyt Berber Triconsonantal Roots" 19527:

Kossmann, M. (2012). "Berber". In Frajzyngier, Z.; Shay, E. (eds.).

18576:, is not used in genealogies; thus, Fadma the daughter of Moussa is 18549:"to be distant", and all stative verbs borrowed from Arabic such as 18338:

Applegate (1958), Dell and Elmedlaoui (1985, 2002), Ridouane (2008).

17718:

Site institutionnel du Haut-Commissariat au Plan du Royaume du Maroc

15062:). The form of the 1st singular possessive complement is anomalous: 5906:

after some elements which require a following noun phrase (see also

4333:

Below is a sample of nouns, illustrating various plural formations.

3362:

To strike you but once — then he ascends into the sky and is gone!"

1074: 390: 20835: 20284: 18402: 17240: 11582:

in 1st, 2nd and 3rd singular, 1st plural, and the imperatives, but

7704:

when he.died father-her he.left to.her hither EL-possessions of.him

4260: 3935:(always inseparable). When a masculine noun has the vocalic prefix 1265: 635: 330: 249: 19177:

Langage et culture populaires au Maroc. Essai de sociolinguistique

19003: 14372:

I.killed father-your I.threw tither EL-head of.him in EA-waterhole

6430:

There are three deictic clitics which can follow a noun: proximal

5810:

after numerals 1 to 10 and after the indefinite numeral (see also

5492:; these change their gender to feminine in Shilha, with the final 3358:

Do not venture into the desert too often, for there is the falcon,

609:(or a variant spelling). In French sources the language is called 21325: 21209: 18978:. Edités et annotés par Harry Stroomer. Aix-en-Provence: Edisud. 17166: 16850: 16839: 1950: 1394: 1057:

Percentage of Shilha speakers per region according to 2004 census

714: 706: 702: 686: 659: 631: 594: 326: 111: 17187:

Although some nouns denoting typically Islamic concepts such as

15696:

or the "exist with" construction, but not the other way around:

7181:"the women, they're the ones who (usually) build a chicken coop" 3117:"they went to an orchard and entered it to eat figs and grapes" 1793:

where in reality no vowel, however short, is heard, for example

1245: 654:. The largest urban centres in the area are the coastal city of 21284: 20999: 19737:

Méthode de tachelhit, langue amazighe (berbère) du sud du Maroc

19136: 17988:

Routledge Handbook of Minority Discourses in African Literature

17796:"Tashelhiyt berber manuscripts in Arabic characters: an update" 11008: 7178:

EL-women they it.is.that who.is.building EL-coop of EA-chickens

6404:

There is an overlap here with feminine nouns denoting females:

4306:

Independent from these processes, the separable vocalic prefix

4170:

The EA is not predictable from the shape of the noun, compare:

2768:"they went to an orchard and entered it to eat figs and grapes" 1464: 1453:, who died in 1597. The best known writer in this tradition is 1398:

Shilha written in Arabic script: an 18th-century manuscript of

1285: 1185: 928:. The Moroccan Arabic names have been borrowed into English as 726: 718: 710: 682: 671: 655: 17255:) which is sacrificed during the festival. Another example is 14581:

he.descended to EA-waterhole he.finds tither EL-head of EA-ram

20183: 18373:

Elmedlaoui, Mohamed (2012). "Berber". In Edzard, Lutz (ed.).

17948: 17886:"Three Tashelhiyt Berber Texts from the Arsène Roux Archives" 17688: 17638:

Justinard (1914:2), Destaing (1920:166), Galand (1988, 1.14).

17457: 14584:"he descended into the waterhole and found the head of a ram" 14392:"come" almost always goes with the centripetal particle, and 10554:

There is also a vigesimal system built on the Arabic numeral

5524: 5509: 5487: 5471: 5456: 5440: 5424: 5409: 5089:

Many Shilha place-names are morphologically inflected nouns:

1812: 1767: 1325: 917: 911: 905: 512: 20011:

Tashelhiyt Berber texts from the Ida u Tanan (south Morocco)

19954:

An anthology of Tashelhiyt Berber folk tales (South Morocco)

19852:. Berlin: Language Science Press (open access publication). 19564: 19336:

Etude sur la tachelḥît du Soûs. Vocabulaire français-berbère

11566:"give" has the full complement of four different MAN stems: 7185:

They are also used with certain pseudo-prepositions such as

5945:"like, such as" (premodern, obsolete in the modern language) 1761: 1630:

There is currently no evidence of word stress in Tashlhiyt.

1553:

Etude sur la tachelḥît du Soûs. Vocabulaire français-berbère

294: 20258: 19569:. Vol. 1. Winona Lake, Indiana: Eisenbrauns (pp. 461–475). 17861:

An anthology of Tashelhiyt Berber folktales (South Morocco)

17714:"Recensement général de la population et de l'habitat 2004" 17094: 17062: 17022: 16737: 15707: 15618: 15354: 14548: 14323: 14242: 10042: 9950: 8335: 7745: 7716: 7682: 7232: 7145: 7108: 7049: 5759: 5710: 5650: 5445:

is often replaced with the Shilha feminine singular suffix

2736: 2340:

Like other Berber languages and Arabic, Tashlhiyt has both

543: 491: 458: 84: 20097:"Mitteilungen eines Shilḥ über seine marokkanische Heimat" 18959:"A contribution to the study of an itinerant word: Chleuh" 10988:"to give". The perfective negative goes with the negation 8592:

they.are.going to at.the.place.of EA-barber in EA-Tafraout

7340:

The direct object clitics are used with transitive verbs:

904:

In Moroccan colloquial Arabic, a male speaker is called a

685:-speaking areas. In the northeast, roughly along the line 540: 479: 329:

characters. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see

81: 19120:

Articles de linguistique berbère. Mémorial Werner Vycichl

14277:"he knew not on which day they would return (toward him)" 11000:(except usually the imperative, and the relative forms). 10994:"not". The imperfective goes with the preverbal particle 552: 537: 482: 93: 78: 19598:

Lahrouchi, Mohamed & Ségéral, Philippe (July 2009).

19453:

Diccionario Español-Baamarani (dialecto Bereber de Ifni)

19440: 19316:

Poetic metre and musical form in Tashelhiyt Berber songs

16977:"she without" are made up of a gender prefix (masculine 7494:

The direct object clitics are also used to indicate the

3941:(separable or inseparable), the masculine gender prefix 3304:

The metrical system imposes the following restrictions:

895:(noun homonymous with the name of the language), plural 20101:

Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft

20062:

Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft

19888:

L'Océan des pleurs. Poème berbère de Muḥammad al-Awzalî

19753: 19734: 19715: 19704: 19202: 18997:. Casablanca: Maktabat Provence (in Arabic and Shilha). 18921:

Brill's Annual of Afroasiatic Languages and Linguistics

15931:

the plural is a pl.m. inflected noun "sons, offspring"

10631:

are usually expressed with relative forms of the verbs

8914: 5596:

when the noun occurs as subject in postverbal position:

20046: 19531:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press (pp. 18–101). 19313: 19294: 19265: 19015:

Apprenons le berbère. Initiation aux dialectes chleuhs

18995:

al-Shiʿr al-āmāzīghī al-mansūb ilā Sīdī Ḥammū al-Ṭālib

18024:

Roettger, Timo B. (2017). "Word stress in Tashlhiyt".

8511:

it.exists EA-beetle that it.is.living in under EA-dung

3792:"fox" has no gender prefix, but only a vocalic prefix 3334:(fl. 18th century) and published by Amarir (1987:64): 1785:

Later authors such as Aspinion (1953), use the symbol

1568:

Apprenons le berbère: initiation aux dialectes chleuhs

20178:

World atlas of language structures (WALS) – Tashlhiyt

19358:

Textes berbères en parler des Chleuhs du Sous (Maroc)

18375:

Semitic and Afroasiatic: challenges and opportunities

17579:

The Feast of Immolation itself is known in Shilha as

16569: 15312:

not with.me it.exists EA-anything what thither I.wear

14929:"the time of the giving birth of the sheep and goats" 9937:"of" to a noun, which is most often in the singular: 9931:

The numeral nouns are connected with the preposition

1559:

Textes berbères en parler des Chleuhs du Sous (Maroc)

787:

for various theories). The presence of the consonant

564: 500: 19403:

Galand, L. (1988). "Le berbère". In D. Cohen (ed.).

19383: 19297:

Syllables in Tashlhiyt Berber and in Moroccan Arabic

18915:

Ségéral, Philippe; Lahrouchi, Mohamed (2010-06-01).

18765:"the pains of childbirth are washing away the sins". 14484:"a messenger came to their place from Ali Oumhaouch" 10948:, etc.) is often generalized to the other numerals: 9312:"one" also serve as indefinite article, for example 3360:

Wearing small trousers; he'll put a ring on finger,

1608: 810:

los antiguos Affricanos llamados Xilohes o Beréberes

555: 546: 534: 485: 96: 87: 75: 19890:. Leyde: E.J. Brill (Shilha text in Arabic script). 19782: 19463:

Dictionnaire berbère-français (dialectes tašelhait)

19349:

Textes arabes en parler des Chleuḥs du Sous (Maroc)

19205:

Vocabulaire usuel du tachelhit (tachelhit-français)

19117: 19098: 19079: 19060: 19040: 18868:Lahrouchi, Mohamed; Ségéral, Philippe (July 2009). 17492:(gift which.is.glorious) "a glorious gift" (modern 17426:In a few feminine nouns, the plural vocalic prefix 9369:"two" is often assimilated or fused to a following 8422:

there are fruit-bearing trees is usually irrigated"

1501:(Saʿīd al-Sidqāwī, 1859-1910), a native speaker of 744:Shilha speakers usually refer to their language as 549: 531: 488: 476: 90: 72: 19708:Primera parte de la descripcion general de Affrica 19641: 19008:. New York: American Council of Learned Societies. 18950: 17169:. There are also Latin loans from the time of the 15953:compound, lit. "the daughter(s) of the mother of" 14481:he.came hither one EA-messenger from Ali Oumhaouch 7775:EL-locust she.ate to.her EL-vegetable.patch of.her 7707:"when her father died he left her his possessions" 7573:before the suffix with kinship terms, for example 5498:reanalyzed as the Shilha feminine singular suffix 5068:Many nouns have more than one plural, for example 1011:(lit. "language of Souss") is now often used as a 19421: 18279:Journal of the International Phonetic Association 18149:Journal of the International Phonetic Association 10795:The other ordinals are formed by prefixing masc. 6510:There are three basic sets of personal pronouns: 3917:While most inflected nouns have a vocalic prefix 642:mountains and the regions to the south up to the 21350: 19796:Textes berbères des Aït Souab, Anti-Atlas, Maroc 19680:Guide d'initiation au dialecte berbère Tachelḥit 19597: 19483:. Paris: Thèse en vue du Doctorat de 3ème cycle. 19235:Le dictionnaire Colin d'arabe dialectal marocain 18914: 18867: 17984:"Amazigh/Berber Literature and "Literary Space"" 17793: 17660:Marmol (1573, book I, chapter XXXIII, fol. 43v). 17648: 10912:Because four of the numerals 1 to 10 begin with 8514:"there is a beetle that lives beneath the dung" 7789:The possessive complements follow the noun (see 7778:"the locusts, they've eaten her vegetable patch" 3236:any number of consonants may occur in sequence: 2778:ddan s yaw wurti kcmn iss ad ccin tazart d waḍil 2762:ddan s yaw wurti kcmn iss ad ccin tazart d waḍil 19137:Boogert, N. van den & Kossmann, M. (1997). 19001: 18760: 18754: 18583: 18577: 18571: 18565: 18550: 18544: 18538: 18401:, Second Edition, Oxford: OUP, 2007). See also 18107: 18101: 18087: 17759:The Routledge handbook of scripts and alphabets 17678:Fox and Abu-Talib (1966:155), Colin (1993:976). 17580: 17565: 17541: 17535: 17529: 17514: 17508: 17493: 17487: 17486:is found in some manuscript texts, for example 17481: 17451: 17445: 17439: 17433: 17427: 17341: 17335: 17329: 17323: 17314: 17308: 17302: 17280: 17262: 17256: 17239:, the Latinized name of the Jewish festival of 17224: 17218: 17212: 17206: 17200: 17194: 17188: 17176:Most Tashlhiyt loanwords are Arabic in origin. 16996: 16990: 16984: 16978: 16972: 16966: 16860: 16753: 16587: 16581: 16575: 16561: 16555: 16549: 16542: 16536: 16527: 16518: 16512: 16504: 16498: 16489: 16483: 16477: 16467: 16459: 16451: 16443: 16435: 16427: 16415: 16406: 16400: 16394: 16383: 16376: 16364: 16357: 16151: 16139: 16127: 16115: 16103: 16091: 16079: 16067: 16055: 16034: 16017: 16000: 15983: 15968: 15961: 15946: 15939: 15924: 15917: 15903: 15896: 15882: 15875: 15861: 15854: 15827: 15798: 15743: 15691: 15685: 15594: 15588: 15468: 15326: 15320: 15180: 15172: 15164: 15156: 15148: 15140: 15132: 15124: 15116: 15108: 15100: 15092: 15084: 15075: 15069: 15063: 15053: 15043: 15037: 15029: 15023: 15015: 15009: 15001: 14995: 14987: 14981: 14973: 14967: 14958: 14952: 14946: 14940: 14934: 14924: 14916: 14903: 14895: 14887: 14879: 14866: 14858: 14850: 14842: 14834: 14826: 14818: 14810: 14802: 14794: 14786: 14778: 14769: 14763: 14595: 14589: 14393: 14387: 14202: 14196: 14180: 14173: 14166: 14154: 14147: 14140: 14128: 14121: 14114: 14102: 14095: 14088: 14076: 14069: 14062: 14050: 14043: 14036: 14009: 14003: 13997: 13987: 13981: 13973: 13967: 13931: 13925: 13913: 13900: 13888: 13877: 13871: 13859: 13848: 13836: 13816: 13810: 13797: 13765: 13754: 13748: 13736: 13725: 13719: 13707: 13696: 13684: 13673: 13661: 13650: 13636: 13630: 13587: 13580: 13573: 13566: 13552: 13545: 13538: 13531: 13516: 13509: 13502: 13495: 13481: 13474: 13467: 13460: 13445: 13438: 13431: 13424: 13410: 13403: 13396: 13389: 13374: 13367: 13360: 13353: 13338: 13331: 13324: 13317: 13303: 13296: 13289: 13282: 13268: 13261: 13254: 13247: 13232: 13225: 13218: 13211: 13197: 13190: 13183: 13176: 13161: 13154: 13147: 13140: 13126: 13119: 13112: 13105: 13090: 13083: 13076: 13069: 13055: 13048: 13041: 13034: 13020: 13013: 13006: 12999: 12985: 12978: 12971: 12964: 12949: 12942: 12935: 12928: 12914: 12907: 12900: 12893: 12879: 12872: 12865: 12858: 12844: 12837: 12830: 12823: 12808: 12801: 12794: 12787: 12773: 12766: 12759: 12752: 12738: 12731: 12724: 12717: 12703: 12696: 12689: 12682: 12667: 12660: 12653: 12646: 12632: 12625: 12618: 12611: 12597: 12590: 12583: 12576: 12562: 12555: 12548: 12541: 12527: 12520: 12513: 12506: 12492: 12485: 12478: 12471: 12457: 12450: 12443: 12436: 12421: 12414: 12407: 12400: 12386: 12379: 12372: 12365: 12350: 12343: 12336: 12329: 12315: 12308: 12301: 12294: 12280: 12273: 12266: 12259: 12245: 12238: 12231: 12224: 12210: 12203: 12196: 12189: 12174: 12167: 12160: 12153: 12139: 12132: 12125: 12118: 12104: 12097: 12090: 12083: 12068: 12061: 12054: 12047: 12033: 12026: 12019: 12012: 11960: 11943: 11933: 11900: 11883: 11866: 11828: 11811: 11794: 11784: 11772: 11762: 11745: 11728: 11711: 11699: 11689: 11677: 11658: 11652: 11646: 11640: 11631: 11622: 11613: 11604: 11598: 11592: 11583: 11577: 11571: 11561: 11550: 11543: 11536: 11522: 11515: 11508: 11469: 11458: 11446: 11435: 11423: 11412: 11375: 11368: 11361: 11354: 11342: 11335: 11328: 11321: 11309: 11302: 11295: 11288: 11276: 11269: 11262: 11255: 11243: 11236: 11229: 11222: 11210: 11203: 11196: 11189: 11177: 11170: 11163: 11156: 11144: 11137: 11130: 11123: 11111: 11104: 11097: 11090: 11066: 11059: 11052: 11045: 10995: 10989: 10983: 10961: 10955: 10949: 10943: 10937: 10931: 10925: 10919: 10913: 10903: 10895: 10802: 10796: 10638: 10632: 10555: 9932: 9811: 9804: 9797: 9790: 9778: 9771: 9764: 9757: 9745: 9738: 9731: 9724: 9584: 9468: 9453: 9447: 9439: 9433: 9425: 9419: 9411: 9405: 9397: 9391: 9382: 9376: 9370: 9364: 9358: 9352: 9342: 9334: 9325: 9319: 9313: 9307: 9301: 9291: 9283: 9135: 9128: 9116: 9109: 9097: 9090: 9078: 9071: 9059: 9052: 9040: 9033: 9021: 9014: 9002: 8995: 8983: 8976: 8964: 8957: 8945: 8938: 8895: 8888: 8881: 8867: 8860: 8853: 8837: 8830: 8823: 8809: 8802: 8795: 8781: 8774: 8767: 8755: 8746: 8728: 8721: 8707: 8700: 8686: 8679: 8672: 8657: 8649: 8642: 8629: 8619: 8611: 8603: 8146: 8137: 8131: 8125: 8119: 8110: 8104: 8098: 8092: 7828: 7822: 7816: 7615: 7609: 7601: 7595: 7586: 7580: 7574: 7568: 7550: 7542: 7539:(absent him) "he's not there, he's disappeared" 7534: 7526: 7518: 7503: 7490:"bring her here!" (imperative plural masculine) 7481: 7469: 7460: 7192: 7186: 7000: 6993: 6986: 6979: 6972: 6960: 6953: 6946: 6939: 6932: 6917: 6911: 6904: 6892: 6885: 6878: 6871: 6864: 6846: 6839: 6832: 6826: 6818: 6811: 6799: 6792: 6785: 6779: 6771: 6764: 6749: 6742: 6735: 6728: 6721: 6709: 6702: 6695: 6688: 6681: 6663: 6651: 6644: 6637: 6630: 6623: 6608: 6602: 6594: 6587: 6581: 6573: 6566: 6488: 6472: 6456: 6447: 6437: 6431: 6416: 6408: 6395: 6389: 6381: 6375: 6367: 6361: 6353: 6347: 6339: 6333: 6325: 6319: 6306: 6300: 6292: 6286: 6278: 6272: 6264: 6258: 6245: 6239: 6231: 6225: 6217: 6211: 6198: 6192: 6184: 6178: 6170: 6164: 6156: 6150: 6142: 6136: 6123: 6117: 6109: 6103: 6090: 6084: 6076: 6070: 6062: 6056: 6048: 6042: 6034: 6028: 6020: 6014: 6002: 5996: 5940: 5929: 5923: 5915: 5888: 5850: 5792: 5743: 5579: 5573: 5563: 5557: 5549: 5543: 5530: 5515: 5514:"the prophetic tradition" (masculine) → Shilha 5499: 5493: 5477: 5462: 5446: 5430: 5415: 5390: 5384: 5378: 5372: 5363: 5357: 5348: 5342: 5333: 5327: 5321: 5315: 5305: 5297: 5289: 5281: 5273: 5265: 5257: 5249: 5241: 5223: 5215: 5207: 5199: 5191: 5178: 5172: 5164: 5158: 5150: 5144: 5136: 5130: 5126:The same is the case with Shilha ethnic names: 5117: 5109: 5101: 5093: 5081: 5075: 5069: 5059: 5053: 5045: 5039: 5022: 5015: 5000: 4993: 4978: 4971: 4956: 4949: 4934: 4927: 4912: 4905: 4890: 4883: 4868: 4861: 4846: 4839: 4824: 4817: 4802: 4795: 4780: 4773: 4758: 4751: 4736: 4729: 4714: 4707: 4692: 4685: 4670: 4663: 4648: 4641: 4626: 4619: 4604: 4597: 4582: 4575: 4560: 4553: 4538: 4531: 4516: 4509: 4494: 4487: 4472: 4465: 4450: 4443: 4428: 4421: 4406: 4399: 4384: 4377: 4362: 4355: 4325: 4319: 4313: 4307: 4298: 4288: 4282: 4276: 4270: 4251: 4245: 4231: 4223: 4214: 4208: 4202: 4193: 4187: 4180: 4174: 4160: 4153: 4143: 4136: 4120: 4113: 4103: 4096: 4084: 4077: 4067: 4060: 4048: 4041: 4031: 4024: 4012: 4005: 3995: 3988: 3948: 3942: 3936: 3930: 3924: 3918: 3905: 3899: 3893: 3884: 3878: 3872: 3859: 3853: 3845: 3839: 3829: 3820: 3814: 3808: 3799: 3793: 3787: 3781: 3775: 3769: 3763: 3757: 3723: 3715: 3707: 3699: 3691: 3683: 3633: 3627: 3621: 3615: 3609: 3339: 3322: 3296: 3227: 3216: 3208: 3200: 3192: 2644: 2629: 2623: 2617: 2611: 2605: 2599: 2593: 2587: 2453: 2447: 2441: 2435: 2426: 2420: 2406: 2400: 2394: 2388: 2332: 2322: 1777: 1771: 1753: 1676: 1670: 1664: 1658: 1652: 1646: 1640: 1505:from Algeria. Having published a dictionary of 1468: 1458: 1448: 1442: 1132:workers in search of employment opportunities. 1040: 1034: 1028: 1022: 1016: 1006: 997: 987: 981: 974: 968: 923: 896: 890: 884: 878: 872: 871:under the influence of the preceding consonant 866: 860: 854: 848: 842: 833: 823: 817: 788: 778: 772: 763: 757: 751: 745: 575: 19885: 19845: 19522:. Paris: Librairie orientale & américaine. 19513:. Paris: Librairie orientale & américaine. 19367:Basic linguistic theory. Volume 1, Methodology 19021: 18244:. Berlin: Language Science Press. p. 37. 18028:. Berlin: Language Science Press. p. 60. 17749: 17546:(depending on the dialect) after the negation. 16541:"the Sons of Boubker" (Aït Boubker), singular 16509:"native of Ouijjane" (also surname: Gouijjane) 9279:The same obtains with the indefinite numeral: 7333:not it.is.likely that he.steals except you.mpl 5990: 5212:"vegetable plot, orchard" (from early Romance) 1574:The first attempted description in English is 681:In the north and to the south, Shilha borders 20963: 20300: 19951: 19932: 19913: 19897:Actes du 1er Congrès Chamito-Sémitique de Fès 19517: 19506: 19364: 19221: 17923:Dell, François; Medlaoui, Mohamed El (2008). 17268: 16274:"the daughter of the river: fever" (compound) 15975:compound, lit. "the son(s) of the mother of" 15526:he.possesses one EA-donkey he.travels with.it 15402:"we have an argan tree growing in the forest" 11970: 8088: 3278:I.am.glad by.means.of the.acquaintance of.you 1512:Dictionnaire français-tachelh’it et tamazir’t 1002:"a composition in that beautiful Tamazight". 808: 802: 783:has recently become a subject of debate (see 638:. The area comprises the western part of the 20027: 20008: 19989: 19894: 19812: 19677: 19545: 19526: 19510:Manuel de berbère marocain (dialecte chleuh) 19355: 19346: 19332: 19268:Journal of African Languages and Linguistics 19103:. Paris and Louvain: Peeters (pp. 357–377). 19012: 18478: 18356:Van den Boogert (1997:247–8), with examples. 17922: 16554:"the Sons of Ouafka" (Aït Ouafka), singular 9683: 7897: 7509: 3929:(in some cases inseparable), and a few have 3739: 3733: 2909:Example of Phonological Processes in Shilha 1586: 1566: 1557: 1551: 1539: 1525:Manuel de berbère marocain (dialecte chleuh) 1523: 1510: 1489: 959: 953: 947: 941: 622: 616: 610: 55: 20058:"Elf Stücke im Šílḥa-Dialekt von Tázĕrwalt" 19970: 19388:. Washington: Georgetown University Press. 19232: 19183: 19174: 19065:. De Goeje Fund, Vol. XXVII. Leiden: NINO. 18992: 17863:. Berber studies. Köln: Köppe. p. 16. 17794:Saadouni, Mohamed; Stroomer, Harry (2019). 17274: 17234: 15399:with.us EL-argan it.is.growing in EA-forest 14939:assimilates to, or fuses with, a following 14274:not he.knew which EL-day hither they-return 8118:The instrumental and allative prepositions 7092:"as for us, we don't wear sandals of alfa" 6443: 6099:In a few cases there are suppletive forms: 5587: 2419:, like other consonants, occur long, as in 658:(population over 400,000) and the towns of 605:(OED). Linguists writing in English prefer 20970: 20956: 20307: 20293: 20112: 20094: 20083: 20072: 20055: 19793: 19718:Dictionnaire des verbes tachelhit-français 19695: 19686: 19469: 19460: 19456:. Madrid: Instituto de Estudios Africanos. 19449: 19402: 18956: 18809:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( 18730:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( 18681:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( 18632:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( 18372: 17925:Poetic meter and musical form in Tashlhiyt 16995:which is probably related to the negation 16031:"grandfather: the father of the father of" 16014:"grandmother: the mother of the father of" 15997:"grandfather: the father of the mother of" 15980:"grandmother: the mother of the mother of" 9288:"several/many EA-horses, how many horses?" 8237:it.fell EA-rain in EA-beginning of October 7336:"no one could have stolen except you lot" 6425: 4589:vowel change, stem extension, suffixation 2327:"(my) father" (from Moroccan Arabic), and 1497:The next author to grapple with Shilha is 457:Young man speaking Tachelhit, recorded in 293: 19918:. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz (pp. 183–193). 19487: 19478: 19165: 19139:"Les premiers emprunts arabes en berbère" 19063:The Berber literary tradition of the Sous 18973: 18290: 18160: 17990:(1 ed.), Routledge, pp. 39–41, 17890:Studies in Slavic and General Linguistics 17693:, v. 5 (edition in van den Boogert 1997). 15074:after a consonant (or, in some dialects, 14190: 5338:analyzed as the Arabic feminine ending). 5332:"bat" (not an Arabic loanword, but final 1115:Learn how and when to remove this message 431:Learn how and when to remove this message 20977: 19866: 18823: 18774: 18695: 18646: 18597: 18399:Oxford concise dictionary of linguistics 18272: 18237: 18199: 18142: 18023: 17883: 17858: 17755: 16432:"member of the Aït Brayyim ethnic group" 14900:"ravine of lice: nape, back of the neck" 8595:"they always go to a barber in Tafraout" 7008: 4787:vowel change, suffixation, degemination 2461: 1826: 1625: 1393: 1060: 1052: 442: 20920:Amazigh Cultural Association in America 20165:"Epenthetic vowels in Tashlhiyt Berber" 20087:Handbuch des Schilḥischen von Tazerwalt 19760:. Di Tolla, Anna Maria. Napoli: Unior. 19548:The Arabic influence on Northern Berber 19520:Un petit royaume berbère: le Tazeroualt 19203:Boumalk, A. & Bounfour, A. (2001). 19024:La pharmacopée marocaine traditionnelle 18778:The Arabic influence on Northern Berber 18699:The Arabic influence on Northern Berber 18650:The Arabic influence on Northern Berber 18601:The Arabic influence on Northern Berber 17981: 17386:is used to indicate labialization (IPA 16758:fuses with a following nominal prefix: 15758:EL-hand-mill it.possesses one EA-handle 15529:"he has a donkey which he travels with" 14921:"the era of the reign of Moulay Lahcen" 14757: 13611:Main context in which MAN stem is used 10855: 10820: 7478:"bring her here!" (imperative singular) 6413:"Frenchwoman" and "the French language" 5398: 4259:vowel change (insertion or elision, or 3286:(6 syllables, 14 consonants, no vowels) 1491:Handbuch des Schilḥischen von Tazerwalt 1488:(1864–1936), who in 1899 published his 323:question marks, boxes, or other symbols 27:Berber language of southwestern Morocco 14: 21351: 19314:Dell, F. & Elmedlaoui, M. (2008). 19295:Dell, F. & Elmedlaoui, M. (2002). 17962: 17594:Pronounced in classical times as or . 17456:"barley" (cf. Central Atlas Tamazight 17267:is borrowed from Romance (cf. Spanish 16523:"a man, son of a man: a man of virtue" 16328:not he.possesses except one sister.his 14002:may still be encountered, for example 9296:"several/many EA-cows, how many cows?" 8316:the sit in.them the're.drinking coffee 7805:before a noun or demonstrative pronoun 7465:is used after a dental stop, compare: 4567:vowel change, gemination, suffixation 4391:vowel change, gemination, suffixation 4293:, always in combination with a suffix) 2901:Comparative diagram of the following: 1609:§ Cited works and further reading 1015:for the entire language. A speaker of 584: 20951: 20288: 19005:An outline of the structure of Shilḥa 18368: 18366: 18364: 18362: 18233: 18231: 17832: 17789: 17787: 17702:Justinard (1914:2), Laoust (1936:vi). 17297:Destaing mentions a secret language ( 17044: 16930: 16705: 15463:"don't you have something different?" 15460:question not with.you something other 13941:negated habitual, iterative, durative 13885:negated habitual/iterative imperative 10924:that results from the prefixation of 10576: 10414: 9699: 9696: 8412:llan lacjar lli stɣllanin ar ittyiswa 7839:Before noun or demonstrative pronoun 7089:wie not we.wear EL-sandals of EA-alfa 5548:"domestic animal" (feminine), plural 2637: 1843: 1048: 992:"Tamazight". For example, the author 20314: 20190: 19472:Textes berbères, dialecte tachelhait 19384:Fox, M. & Abu-Talib, M. (1966). 19299:. Dordecht, Boston, London: Kluwer. 19122:. Paris: L'Harmattan (pp. 137–152). 18824:Kossmann, Maarten (2012). "Berber". 18744:Van den Boogert and Kossmann (1997). 18200:Kossmann, Maarten (2012). "Berber". 17711: 17528:The imperfective preverbal particle 17319:"do you speak the secret language?" 17229:"ewe for slaughter on the (Islamic) 17004: 16595: 14738:them tither we.are.putting in EA-jar 14398:"find" with the centrifugal clitic: 13972:"the night, it is long" (cf. modern 13597: 11627:(an irregular formation) ― all forms 10810: 10718: 10646: 10358: 10232: 10138: 9940: 9824: 9592: 9476: 9148: 8915:Numerals 1 to 10, indefinite numeral 7564: 7391:"he sent them to the Koranic school" 6505: 5928:"he with EA-reed: flute player" (EL 5907: 5818: 5700: 5600: 5232: 4266:consonant gemination or degemination 3343:ab bahra wr takkamt i lxla hann lbaz 3281:"I'm glad to make your acquaintance" 1097:adding citations to reliable sources 1068: 829: 465: 413:adding citations to reliable sources 384: 20032:. Amsterdam: Rodopi (pp. 389–397). 19369:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 18976:Textes berbères des Aït Ouaouzguite 18817: 18640: 18193: 17585:"the feast of the sacrificial ewe". 17438:under the influence of a following 17292: 14892:"mouth of jackal: a length measure" 13986:"medicines are bitter" (cf. modern 13947:"he is not taking, he never takes" 10619: 6501:bird to some children to play with" 5983:"like cold milk, such as cold milk" 3347:ak k°nt yut ukan iɣli d ignwan izug 922:, a feminine derivation calqued on 793:in the name suggests an originally 56: 24: 19186:Manuel de conjugaison du tachelhit 18762:ingaẓn n tarwa…da ssiridn ibkkaḍan 18359: 18228: 17784: 17649:§ Semantics of feminine nouns 17647:Destaing (1920:20, 166). See also 17607: 16570:Proprietive and privative elements 16482:is followed by another (phonemic) 15820: 15239:she.exists with.him one EA-pumpkin 15189: 14667:he.put them hither in one EA-pouch 8433:Two prepositions can be combined: 8142:"with it" (now also "toward it"). 8136:"toward it" (now also "with it"), 8081:… unattested, probably inexistent 7531:(all them) "they all, all of them" 7459:The 3rd singular feminine variant 7445:when me he.beats I.am.running.away 5692:after most prepositions (see also 3674: 1576:Outline of the Structure of Shilha 1383: 25: 21385: 20171: 19441:Gg°ijjan, Lḥusin bn Iḥya (2002). 19342:. Paris: Leroux (reprinted 1938). 18501:See van den Boogert (1997:286–7). 17669:Stumme (1899:3); Laoust (1936:v). 17378:respectively, as is usual in the 16800:{he with} EA-poetry {} {"a poet"} 16532:occurs in many Shilha ethnonyms: 16420:"Ahmed son of Moussa" (name of a 13908:simultaneous action (progressive) 13782:state (including resultant state) 7882:: "with, in the company of; and" 7567:). The plural forms add an infix 7560: 7388:he-sent them to EA-Koranic.school 7272:"why, me, am I an ass like you?" 5693: 5676:EL-country of.you it.is.beautiful 5636:it.is.beautiful EA-country of.you 4303:is naturally lost in the plural. 4236:"the chief accompanied the judge" 4228:"the chief went to see the judge" 4207:"chief" is /w-mɣar/, realized as 3774:and the feminine singular suffix 3744:("annexed state") and glossed as 3345:igan bu tassrwalt ig lxatm ɣ uḍaḍ 2652: 2285: 2261: 2249: 2234: 2215: 2205: 2187: 2173: 2158: 2135: 2117: 2103: 2088: 2081: 2046: 2029: 2022: 1994: 1979: 1962: 1925: 1918: 1834:Speech sample in Shilha (Chelha). 1736: 1720: 1711: 1621:Berber_languages § Phonology 1447:) composed in metrical verses by 20267: 20250: 20233: 20216: 20199: 20076:Märchen der Schlūḥ von Tázerwalt 19754:El Mountassir, Abdallah (2017). 19735:El Mountassir, Abdallah (2009). 19716:El Mountassir, Abdallah (2003). 19705:Mármol Carvajal, L. del (1573). 19207:. Rabat: Centre Tarik Ibn Zyad. 18933:10.1163/187666310X12688137960740 18477:Examples in Destaing (1920) sub 17624: 17247:) or, more specifically, of the 16865:is encountered less frequently: 16440:"native of outside: a foreigner" 15636:I.possess EL-eyes which.are.good 15331:) is usually omitted, leaving a 14908:"needle of hedges: kind of bird" 14791:"the entrance of the grain silo" 13953: 13920:"he is taking, he always takes" 13825:"it was not hot, it is not hot" 7498:with pseudo-verbs, and with the 5679:" your country, it is beautiful" 4324:"dune", and vice versa, as with 1432:Shilha has an extensive body of 1073: 828:is a Shilha nominal prefix (see 527: 472: 389: 68: 20049:Dictionnaire tachelhit-français 19607:Canadian Journal of Linguistics 19386:A dictionary of Moroccan Arabic 19043:"Some notes on Maghribi script" 18951:Cited works and further reading 18908: 18874:Canadian Journal of Linguistics 18861: 18852: 18768: 18747: 18738: 18689: 18591: 18558: 18531: 18522: 18513: 18504: 18495: 18486: 18471: 18462: 18453: 18444: 18435: 18426: 18417: 18408: 18391: 18350: 18341: 18332: 18323: 18266: 18136: 18127: 18080: 18071: 18062: 18053: 18017: 17975: 17956: 17941: 17927:. Berber studies. Köln: Köppe. 17916: 17877: 17852: 17826: 17740: 17731: 17705: 17588: 17573: 17558: 17549: 17522: 17501: 17474: 17465: 17420: 17411: 17401: 17153:Berber_languages § Lexicon 16574:The proprietive elements masc. 15587:In addition, there is the verb 10780:she.arrived hither the.last.one 8089:§ Use of the annexed state 7796: 7790: 5228:"letter, missive" (from Arabic) 3648:Berber_languages § Grammar 3341:a titbirin a tumlilin a timgraḍ 2469:The role of gemination varies: 1762:Transitional vowels and "schwa" 1449: 1084:needs additional citations for 889:; a single female speaker is a 400:needs additional citations for 21328:, extinct as native in Morocco 19682:. Casablanca: Najah El Jadida. 19567:Phonologies of Asia and Africa 19050:Manuscripts of the Middle East 18570:, the feminine counterpart of 18459:Gathered from published texts. 17696: 17681: 17672: 17663: 17654: 17641: 17632: 17356: 17134:"the world, worldly existence" 16921:"the world, worldly existence" 15583:" me, I haven't got my papers" 14918:lmudda n tgldit n Mulay Lḥasan 14884:"road of straw: the Milky Way" 14741:"we usually put them in a jar" 14478:darsn yan urqqas zɣ Ɛli Umḥawc 10977: 10560:"twenty, score", for example: 7811:independent in relative clause 6481:"the cold has badly afflicted 3762:"bee" has the feminine prefix 1152:Population speaking Tachelhit 804:Descripcion general de Affrica 650:and the alluvial basin of the 517:), now more commonly known as 13: 1: 19407:. Paris: CNRS (pp. 207–242). 18775:Kossmann, Maarten G. (2013). 18696:Kossmann, Maarten G. (2013). 18647:Kossmann, Maarten G. (2013). 18598:Kossmann, Maarten G. (2013). 17971:(1): 2 – via EBSCOhost. 17859:Stroomer, Harry, ed. (2001). 17601: 16965:The privative elements masc. 16846:bu y-g°ra → {Biyg°ra, Big°ra} 16354:"the son(s) of, native(s) of" 15473:"hold, possess" can be used: 15396:darnɣ argan ar inkkr ɣ tagant 15309:ur dari ylli wmya ma nn lssaɣ 15059: 14752: 13944:ur a y-tt-amẓ, ur aɣ i-tt-amẓ 13910:habitual, iterative, durative 13856:habitual/iterative imperative 13833:habitual/iterative imperative 11603:in 1st and 2nd singular, but 7448:"when he beats me I run away" 6444:§ Verbal deictic clitics 5811: 5562:"buckle" (masculine), plural 5529:"death" (masculine) → Shilha 3213:"bring it here!" (syllable V) 2480:Word with Geminate Consonant 2362: 1822: 1463:"The Cistern" (a handbook of 1421: 303: Tashelhit language area 20180:(data not entirely accurate) 20047:Stroomer, H. (forthcoming). 19783:Peace Corps Morocco (2011). 19080:Boogert, N. van den (1998). 19061:Boogert, N. van den (1997). 19041:Boogert, N. van den (1989). 18761: 18755: 18702:. Leiden. pp. 107–110. 18584: 18578: 18572: 18566: 18551: 18545: 18539: 18108: 18102: 18088: 17949: 17833:Souag, Lameen (2005-07-30). 17800:Études et Documents Berbères 17756:Campbell, George L. (2012). 17689: 17581: 17566: 17542: 17536: 17530: 17515: 17509: 17494: 17488: 17482: 17458: 17452: 17446: 17440: 17434: 17428: 17362:In this article, the graphs 17342: 17336: 17330: 17324: 17315: 17309: 17303: 17281: 17263: 17257: 17225: 17219: 17213: 17207: 17201: 17195: 17189: 16997: 16991: 16985: 16979: 16973: 16967: 16861: 16754: 16736:"French soldiers (wearing a 16588: 16582: 16576: 16562: 16556: 16550: 16543: 16537: 16528: 16519: 16513: 16505: 16499: 16490: 16484: 16478: 16468: 16460: 16452: 16444: 16436: 16428: 16416: 16407: 16401: 16395: 16384: 16377: 16365: 16358: 16317: 16309: 16301: 16293: 16285: 16257: 16249: 16241: 16222: 16214: 16206: 16184: 16176: 16168: 16152: 16140: 16128: 16116: 16104: 16092: 16080: 16068: 16056: 16035: 16018: 16001: 15984: 15969: 15962: 15947: 15940: 15925: 15918: 15904: 15897: 15883: 15876: 15862: 15855: 15828: 15799: 15785: 15777: 15769: 15761:"a hand-mill has one handle" 15744: 15730: 15722: 15714: 15703: 15692: 15686: 15677:they.possess six EA-children 15663: 15655: 15647: 15625: 15614: 15606: 15595: 15589: 15580:I not I.possess papers of.me 15569: 15561: 15553: 15545: 15537: 15515: 15507: 15496: 15488: 15480: 15469: 15449: 15441: 15433: 15425: 15417: 15388: 15377: 15369: 15361: 15350: 15342: 15327: 15321: 15301: 15293: 15285: 15274: 15266: 15258: 15250: 15225: 15217: 15209: 15201: 15181: 15173: 15165: 15157: 15149: 15141: 15133: 15125: 15117: 15109: 15101: 15093: 15085: 15076: 15070: 15064: 15054: 15044: 15038: 15030: 15024: 15016: 15010: 15002: 14996: 14988: 14982: 14974: 14968: 14959: 14953: 14947: 14941: 14935: 14925: 14917: 14904: 14896: 14888: 14880: 14867: 14859: 14851: 14843: 14835: 14827: 14819: 14811: 14803: 14795: 14787: 14779: 14770: 14764: 14723: 14712: 14704: 14694: 14686: 14678: 14649: 14641: 14633: 14623: 14615: 14607: 14596: 14590: 14563: 14555: 14544: 14534: 14526: 14515: 14507: 14499: 14466: 14458: 14450: 14442: 14431: 14423: 14413: 14405: 14394: 14388: 14357: 14346: 14338: 14330: 14317: 14309: 14301: 14293: 14285: 14259: 14249: 14238: 14230: 14222: 14214: 14203: 14197: 14181: 14174: 14167: 14155: 14148: 14141: 14129: 14122: 14115: 14103: 14096: 14089: 14077: 14070: 14063: 14051: 14044: 14037: 14010: 14004: 13998: 13988: 13982: 13974: 13968: 13932: 13926: 13914: 13901: 13889: 13878: 13872: 13860: 13849: 13837: 13817: 13811: 13798: 13766: 13749: 13737: 13726: 13720: 13714:"(and then) he didn't take" 13708: 13697: 13685: 13674: 13662: 13651: 13637: 13631: 13588: 13581: 13574: 13567: 13553: 13546: 13539: 13532: 13517: 13510: 13503: 13496: 13482: 13475: 13468: 13461: 13446: 13439: 13432: 13425: 13411: 13404: 13397: 13390: 13375: 13368: 13361: 13354: 13339: 13332: 13325: 13318: 13304: 13297: 13290: 13283: 13269: 13262: 13255: 13248: 13233: 13226: 13219: 13212: 13198: 13191: 13184: 13177: 13162: 13155: 13148: 13141: 13127: 13120: 13113: 13106: 13091: 13084: 13077: 13070: 13056: 13049: 13042: 13035: 13021: 13014: 13007: 13000: 12986: 12979: 12972: 12965: 12950: 12943: 12936: 12929: 12915: 12908: 12901: 12894: 12880: 12873: 12866: 12859: 12845: 12838: 12831: 12824: 12809: 12802: 12795: 12788: 12774: 12767: 12760: 12753: 12739: 12732: 12725: 12718: 12704: 12697: 12690: 12683: 12668: 12661: 12654: 12647: 12633: 12626: 12619: 12612: 12598: 12591: 12584: 12577: 12563: 12556: 12549: 12542: 12528: 12521: 12514: 12507: 12493: 12486: 12479: 12472: 12458: 12451: 12444: 12437: 12422: 12415: 12408: 12401: 12387: 12380: 12373: 12366: 12351: 12344: 12337: 12330: 12316: 12309: 12302: 12295: 12281: 12274: 12267: 12260: 12246: 12239: 12232: 12225: 12211: 12204: 12197: 12190: 12175: 12168: 12161: 12154: 12140: 12133: 12126: 12119: 12105: 12098: 12091: 12084: 12069: 12062: 12055: 12048: 12034: 12027: 12020: 12013: 11961: 11956: 11944: 11939: 11934: 11901: 11896: 11884: 11879: 11867: 11862: 11829: 11824: 11812: 11807: 11795: 11790: 11785: 11773: 11768: 11763: 11751: 11746: 11734: 11729: 11717: 11712: 11700: 11695: 11690: 11678: 11673: 11659: 11653: 11647: 11641: 11632:Person-number-gender affixes 11623: 11614: 11605: 11599: 11593: 11584: 11578: 11572: 11562: 11551: 11544: 11537: 11523: 11516: 11509: 11470: 11459: 11447: 11436: 11424: 11413: 11376: 11369: 11362: 11355: 11343: 11336: 11329: 11322: 11310: 11303: 11296: 11289: 11277: 11270: 11263: 11256: 11244: 11237: 11230: 11223: 11211: 11204: 11197: 11190: 11178: 11171: 11164: 11157: 11145: 11138: 11131: 11124: 11112: 11105: 11098: 11091: 11067: 11060: 11053: 11046: 10996: 10990: 10984: 10962: 10956: 10950: 10944: 10938: 10932: 10926: 10920: 10914: 10904: 10900:"the 25th of Dhū al-Qaʿda" 10897:wis-xmsa w-ɛcrin n dulqqiɛda 10896: 10803: 10797: 10639: 10633: 10556: 9933: 9812: 9805: 9798: 9791: 9779: 9772: 9765: 9758: 9746: 9739: 9732: 9725: 9585: 9469: 9454: 9448: 9440: 9434: 9426: 9420: 9412: 9406: 9398: 9392: 9383: 9377: 9371: 9365: 9359: 9353: 9347:"I'm not afraid of anything" 9343: 9335: 9326: 9320: 9314: 9308: 9302: 9292: 9284: 9136: 9129: 9117: 9110: 9098: 9091: 9079: 9072: 9060: 9053: 9041: 9034: 9022: 9015: 9003: 8996: 8984: 8977: 8965: 8958: 8946: 8939: 8896: 8889: 8882: 8868: 8861: 8854: 8838: 8831: 8824: 8810: 8803: 8796: 8782: 8775: 8768: 8756: 8747: 8729: 8722: 8708: 8701: 8687: 8680: 8673: 8658: 8650: 8643: 8630: 8620: 8612: 8604: 8574: 8566: 8555: 8545: 8537: 8529: 8493: 8485: 8475: 8467: 8459: 8448: 8440: 8392: 8384: 8376: 8368: 8360: 8352: 8342: 8331: 8293: 8285: 8277: 8267: 8259: 8214: 8206: 8198: 8185: 8177: 8166: 8158: 8147: 8138: 8132: 8126: 8124:"by means of" (with EA) and 8120: 8111: 8105: 8099: 8093: 7829: 7823: 7817: 7760: 7752: 7739: 7731: 7723: 7712: 7689: 7678: 7670: 7660: 7652: 7644: 7636: 7628: 7616: 7610: 7602: 7596: 7587: 7581: 7575: 7569: 7551: 7543: 7535: 7527: 7519: 7504: 7482: 7470: 7461: 7430: 7422: 7414: 7404: 7396: 7370: 7362: 7352: 7344: 7317: 7309: 7301: 7293: 7285: 7277: 7247: 7239: 7228: 7220: 7209: 7201: 7193: 7187: 7160: 7152: 7141: 7133: 7125: 7115: 7104: 7086:wr a nlssa turẓyin n wagg°ri 7075: 7064: 7056: 7045: 7037: 7029: 7019: 7001: 6994: 6987: 6980: 6973: 6961: 6954: 6947: 6940: 6933: 6918: 6912: 6905: 6893: 6886: 6879: 6872: 6865: 6847: 6840: 6833: 6827: 6819: 6812: 6800: 6793: 6786: 6780: 6772: 6765: 6750: 6743: 6736: 6729: 6722: 6710: 6703: 6696: 6689: 6682: 6664: 6652: 6645: 6638: 6631: 6624: 6609: 6603: 6595: 6588: 6582: 6574: 6567: 6489: 6473: 6457: 6448: 6438: 6432: 6417: 6409: 6396: 6390: 6382: 6376: 6368: 6362: 6354: 6348: 6340: 6334: 6326: 6320: 6307: 6301: 6293: 6287: 6279: 6273: 6265: 6259: 6246: 6240: 6232: 6226: 6218: 6212: 6199: 6193: 6185: 6179: 6171: 6165: 6157: 6151: 6143: 6137: 6124: 6118: 6110: 6104: 6091: 6085: 6077: 6071: 6063: 6057: 6049: 6043: 6035: 6029: 6021: 6015: 6003: 5997: 5941: 5930: 5924: 5916: 5889: 5851: 5793: 5744: 5580: 5574: 5564: 5558: 5550: 5544: 5531: 5525: 5516: 5510: 5500: 5494: 5488: 5478: 5472: 5463: 5457: 5447: 5441: 5431: 5425: 5416: 5410: 5391: 5385: 5379: 5373: 5364: 5358: 5349: 5343: 5334: 5328: 5322: 5316: 5306: 5298: 5290: 5282: 5274: 5266: 5258: 5250: 5242: 5224: 5216: 5208: 5200: 5192: 5179: 5173: 5165: 5159: 5151: 5145: 5137: 5131: 5118: 5110: 5102: 5094: 5082: 5076: 5070: 5060: 5054: 5046: 5040: 5023: 5016: 5007:suffixation, stem extension 5001: 4994: 4979: 4972: 4957: 4950: 4935: 4928: 4913: 4906: 4891: 4884: 4869: 4862: 4847: 4840: 4825: 4818: 4809:stem extension, suffixation 4803: 4796: 4781: 4774: 4759: 4752: 4743:stem extension, suffixation 4737: 4730: 4715: 4708: 4693: 4686: 4671: 4664: 4655:stem extension, suffixation 4649: 4642: 4627: 4620: 4605: 4598: 4583: 4576: 4561: 4554: 4545:stem extension, suffixation 4539: 4532: 4517: 4510: 4495: 4488: 4479:stem extension, suffixation 4473: 4466: 4451: 4444: 4429: 4422: 4407: 4400: 4385: 4378: 4363: 4356: 4326: 4320: 4314: 4308: 4299: 4289: 4283: 4277: 4271: 4252: 4246: 4232: 4224: 4215: 4209: 4203: 4194: 4188: 4181: 4175: 4161: 4154: 4144: 4137: 4121: 4114: 4104: 4097: 4085: 4078: 4068: 4061: 4049: 4042: 4032: 4025: 4013: 4006: 3996: 3989: 3949: 3943: 3937: 3931: 3925: 3919: 3906: 3900: 3894: 3885: 3879: 3873: 3860: 3854: 3846: 3840: 3830: 3821: 3815: 3809: 3800: 3794: 3788: 3782: 3776: 3770: 3764: 3758: 3724: 3716: 3708: 3700: 3692: 3684: 3634: 3628: 3622: 3616: 3610: 3340: 3323: 3297: 3267: 3259: 3251: 3243: 3228: 3217: 3209: 3201: 3193: 2751: 2743: 2732: 2724: 2716: 2708: 2700: 2689: 2681: 2673: 2665: 2645: 2630: 2624: 2618: 2612: 2606: 2600: 2594: 2588: 2568: 2560: 2454: 2448: 2442: 2436: 2427: 2421: 2407: 2401: 2395: 2389: 2333: 2323: 1778: 1772: 1758:"restaurant" (from French). 1754: 1677: 1671: 1665: 1659: 1653: 1647: 1641: 1614: 1578:(1958) by American linguist 1469: 1459: 1443: 1041: 1035: 1029: 1023: 1017: 1007: 998: 988: 982: 975: 969: 924: 918: 912: 906: 897: 891: 885: 879: 873: 867: 861: 855: 849: 843: 834: 824: 818: 789: 779: 773: 764: 758: 752: 746: 576: 513: 7: 19937:. Aix-en-Provence: Edisud. 19933:Stroomer, H., ed. (2001b). 19642:Lahrouchi, Mohamed (2010). 19492:. Paris, Louvain: Peeters. 18963:Cahiers d'études africaines 18753:Aẓnag (late 16th century), 18118:⟨idrimen inu⟩ 16340: 16051: 15834: 15523:iṭṭaf yan uɣyul immuddu srs 14978:"the language of the Arabs" 14933:As a rule, the preposition 14768:Possessor. The preposition 14016: 13939:negated simultaneous action 13604: 11982: 11932: 11783: 11761: 11744: 11727: 11710: 11688: 11665: 11002: 10284:five and twenty of EA-horse 10028:two EA-hundreds of EA-horse 9691: 8921: 8905: 8636: 8624:"in the midst of the river" 7835: 7547:(where her) "where is she?" 6469:honey, it is not expensive" 6421:"beggarwoman" and "begging" 5991:Semantics of feminine nouns 5639:"your country is beautiful" 5578:"flag" (masculine), plural 5439:The Arabic feminine ending 5064:(stem extension and suffix) 4335: 3125: 2477:Word with Simple Consonant 2411:). In addition, semivowels 1479: 1367: 999:nnaḍm n Tmazixt ann ifulkin 10: 21390: 20547:(transitional to Eastern) 19663:10.1162/ling.2010.41.2.255 19422:Galand-Pernet, P. (1972). 18653:. Leiden. pp. 63–72. 18604:. Leiden. pp. 57–60. 18238:Roettger, Timo B. (2017). 17835:"Writing Berber Languages" 17150: 17146: 16580:"he with, he of" and fem. 15315:"I've got nothing to wear" 15185:"their (f.) locks of hair" 14863:"the religion of the Jews" 11971:Mood-aspect-negation stems 10539:two EA-thousands of EA-cow 10450:two PL hundred of EA-horse 10120:two EA-thousands of EA-cow 8504:illa yglgiz lli yttzdaɣn { 7269:why I I.am EL-ass like you 7175:a ybnnun andaru n ifullusn 5980:like EA-milk which.is.cold 5326:seen as feminine prefix), 5320:"kind of spider" (initial 5149:"the Achtouken" (singular 4699:vowel change, suffixation 4633:vowel change, suffixation 4611:vowel change, suffixation 4501:vowel change, suffixation 3798:added to the nominal stem 3780:added to the nominal stem 3645: 3641: 3290: 3221:"come here!" (syllable VC) 3116: 2908: 2359:or length is contrastive. 1807:"he's eating". The symbol 1618: 1425: 1387: 996:(early 18th c.) speaks of 29: 21298: 21277:Main liturgical languages 21275: 21247: 21223: 21195: 21186: 21149: 21106: 21097: 21077: 21049: 21026: 21017: 21008: 20985: 20932: 20902: 20866: 20859: 20821: 20765: 20742: 20709: 20682: 20605: 20438: 20429: 20340: 20322: 19831:10.1017/S0952675708001498 19619:10.1017/S0008413100001262 19529:The Afroasiatic languages 19443:Amarg n Faṭima Tabaɛmrant 19424:Recueil de poèmes chleuhs 19280:10.1515/jall.1985.7.2.105 18886:10.1017/S0008413100001262 18827:The Afroasiatic languages 18450:Cf. Kossmann (2012:86–7). 18292:10.1017/S0025100313000388 18273:Ridouane, Rachid (2014). 18203:The Afroasiatic languages 18162:10.1017/S0025100313000388 18143:Ridouane, Rachid (2014). 17104:{she without} EL-daylight 16894:"prayer room in a mosque" 16456:"the natives of Aguercif" 16373:"the female native(s) of" 16343: 16325:ur iṭṭif abla yat ultma-s 16201:"the father of the bride" 16098:"her sister, his sister" 16061: 16054: 15842: 15839: 15837: 15161:"your (pl.m.) occupation" 15020:"the king of the Muslims" 14201:"hither" and centrifugal 13958:Shilha has around twenty 11668: 10340:five and twenty of EA-cow 9694: 9684:Tens, hundreds, thousands 8929: 8926: 8924: 8663: 8608:"on top of the dung heap" 8244:the beginning of October" 8078: 7986:(indirect object clitics) 7847: 7844: 7841: 7838: 7327:ur iqqadda ay yak°r abla 6925: 6891: 6884: 6877: 6857: 6854: 6757: 6674: 6671: 6650: 6643: 6636: 6629: 6616: 6562: 6559: 6540: 6494:i tazzanin ar srs ttlɛabn 6358:"blacksmith's profession" 5177:"the Isouktan" (singular 5050:(vowel change and suffix) 4985:vowel change, gemination 4346: 4343: 4340: 4338: 4330:"dog"; see table below). 3979: 3976: 3973: 3970: 3965: 3963: 3960: 3958: 3108: 3102: 3099: 3093: 3090: 3087: 3084: 3078: 3075: 3069: 3066: 3049: 3031: 3028: 3022: 2998: 2984: 2978: 2975: 2972: 2969: 2966: 2963: 2960: 2954: 2946: 2940: 2937: 2934: 2931: 2928: 2925: 2922: 2916: 2482: 2479: 2476: 2277: 2226: 2070: 1949: 1912: 1879: 1872: 1867: 1862: 1855: 1850: 1845: 1802:⟨ar icetta⟩ 1633: 1587: 1541:Cours de berbère marocain 1154: 1151: 1148: 1145: 603:Oxford English Dictionary 373: 357: 341: 309: 292: 276: 260: 255: 231: 217: 171: 161: 151: 117: 107: 63: 49: 44: 39: 20450:(transitional to Atlas) 20167:(includes sound samples) 19589:: CS1 maint: location ( 19257:: CS1 maint: location ( 19158:10.1163/1570058972582506 19002:Applegate, J.R. (1958). 17965:Transnational Literature 17884:Stroomer, Harry (2008). 17349: 17334:"deaf-mute person") and 16958:PL {she with} EA-threads 16849:{he with} EA-frogs {} {" 16348: 16345: 16331:"he only has one sister" 16271:daughter-its of EA-river 15680:"they have six children" 15577:nkki wr ṭṭifɣ luraqq inu 15467:Alternatively, the verb 14670:"he put them in a pouch" 13895:"you should never take" 13792:"it was hot, it is hot" 11676: 11671: 10969: 9462: 8655: 8648: 8641: 8639: 8302:(with pronominal suffix) 8003:(possessive complements) 7848:Translation equivalents 7808:with a pronominal suffix 7555:(here.is me) "here I am" 6552:Indirect object clitics 5742:"garlic and onions" (EL 5739:EL-garlic with EA-onions 5588:Use of the annexed state 5163:"the Ilallen" (singular 4312:is always replaced with 3652: 3413: 3410: 3405: 3402: 3399: 3396: 3391: 3388: 3385: 3382: 3377: 3374: 3372: 3232:"be silent!" is not *. 3197:"close it!" (syllable C) 3136: 3134: 3131: 3128: 1811:, often referred to as " 771:The origin of the names 20113:Various online articles 19886:Stricker, B.H. (1960). 19846:Roettger, T.B. (2017). 19739:. Paris: L'Asiathèque. 19022:Bellakhdar, J. (1997). 18588:(cf. Aspinion 1953:30). 18094:⟨idrimen⟩ 17996:10.4324/9780429354229-5 17513:is usually realized as 17217:"pilgrimage to Mecca", 17131:{she without} certainty 17120: 17112: 17090: 17082: 17058: 17050: 17040: 17032:{he without} EL-partner 17018: 17010: 16944: 16936: 16926: 16907: 16899: 16877: 16869: 16834: 16826: 16815: 16807: 16789: 16781: 16770: 16762: 16719: 16711: 16701: 16679: 16671: 16647: 16639: 16617: 16609: 16601: 16472:"the women of Tafraout" 16464:"native woman of Aglou" 16448:"a native of Taroudant" 16134:"your (pl.f.) sisters" 16122:"your (pl.m.) sisters" 15813:I.possess two EA-houses 15177:"their (m.) livelihood" 14847:"the rising of the sun" 13866:"you must always take" 13755: 11639:Two suffixes (singular 10908:"the how-manieth time?" 10862: 10851: 10827: 10816: 10769: 10761: 10753: 10732: 10724: 10689: 10681: 10660: 10652: 10609:sin id ɛcrint n tfunast 10598: 10590: 10582: 10572: 10564: 10525: 10517: 10506: 10498: 10476: 10468: 10460: 10436: 10428: 10420: 10410: 10402: 10380: 10372: 10364: 10337:xmsa w ɛcrint n tfunast 10326: 10318: 10310: 10302: 10294: 10270: 10262: 10254: 10246: 10238: 10200: 10192: 10184: 10160: 10152: 10144: 10106: 10098: 10087: 10079: 10057: 10049: 10038: 10014: 10006: 9995: 9987: 9965: 9957: 9946: 9902: 9894: 9870: 9862: 9838: 9830: 9654: 9646: 9638: 9614: 9606: 9598: 9554: 9546: 9538: 9530: 9506: 9498: 9490: 9482: 9251: 9243: 9222: 9214: 9191: 9183: 9162: 9154: 7845:With pronominal suffix 6555:Possessive complements 6528:indirect object clitics 6442:"that, those" (compare 6426:Nominal deictic clitics 5969: 5958: 5950: 5870: 5862: 5832: 5824: 5774: 5766: 5755: 5725: 5717: 5706: 5665: 5657: 5646: 5625: 5614: 5606: 5278:"station" (from French) 5135:"the Ammeln" (singular 4244:suffixation (masculine 4225:idda wmɣar s dar lqqaḍi 3356:"O white doves, O pets! 3205:"go out!" (syllable C:) 2434:In the examples below, 2337:"beach" (from French). 1795:⟨akessab⟩ 1378:Central Atlas Tamazight 768:"the Arabic language". 739: 705:and outside Morocco in 699:Central Atlas Tamazight 593:spoken in southwestern 167:5.8 million (2020) 142:Laâyoune-Sakia El Hamra 21304:Modern Standard Arabic 21249:Main foreign languages 20915:World Amazigh Congress 20846:Berber Arabic alphabet 20831:Libyco-Berber alphabet 19952:Stroomer, H. (2001c). 19720:. Paris: L'Harmattan. 19711:. Granada: Rene Rabut. 19518:Justinard, L. (1954). 19507:Justinard, L. (1914). 19426:. Paris: Klincksieck. 19365:Dixon, R.M.W. (2010). 19222:Cid Kaoui, S. (1907). 19188:. Paris: L'Harmattan. 18781:. Leiden. p. 61. 18479: 18414:Galand (1988, 4.9–12). 18092:"money" is written as 17459:t-i-mɣar-in, t-i-mẓ-in 17370:are used to represent 17285:"sins", from Arabic). 17275: 17269: 17235: 17072:PL {he without} EL-job 16971:"he without" and fem. 16733:PL {he with} EA-bucket 16631:{he of} seven EA-words 16198:father-her of EA-bride 16086:"your (sg.f.) sister" 16074:"your (sg.m.) sister" 15593:"possess" (perfective 15457:is ur dark kra yaḍnin? 15169:"your (pl.f.) friends" 15121:"your (sg.f.) affairs" 14839:"the city of Istanbul" 14365:nɣiɣ awn babatun luḥɣ 14191:Verbal deictic clitics 12775:tt-dda, tt-ddu, tt-udu 10612:two PL score of EA-cow 10447:snat id miya n wag°mar 10281:xmsa w ɛcrin n wag°mar 9979:EL-hundred of EA-horse 9520:two with ten EA-horses 9339:"he didn't see anyone" 8380:they.are.bearing.fruit 8040:: "with, by means of" 7898: 7697:alliɣ immut babas ifl 7565:§ Possessed nouns 7510: 6546:Direct object clitics 6531:possessive complements 6452:"the aforementioned": 6436:"this, these", distal 5920:"the people of Agadir" 5908:§ Possessed nouns 5791:"a loaf of bread" (EL 5435:"the coffin, a coffin" 5429:"the coffin" → Shilha 5420:"the pistol, a pistol" 5414:"the pistol" → Shilha 5220:"Muslim" (from Arabic) 3740: 3734: 3720:"marsh mallow (plant)" 3365: 3352: 2458:"he has two sisters". 1835: 1800:"owner of livestock", 1567: 1558: 1552: 1540: 1524: 1522:(1878–1959), entitled 1511: 1490: 1450:Brahim u Ɛbdllah Aẓnag 1407: 1066: 1058: 960: 954: 948: 942: 916:, and the language is 830:§ Inflected nouns 809: 803: 623: 617: 611: 462: 311:This article contains 20851:Judeo-Berber alphabet 20841:Berber Latin alphabet 20481:South Oran and Figuig 20009:Stroomer, H. (2004). 19990:Stroomer, H. (2003). 19813:Ridouane, R. (2008). 19678:Lamzoudi, M. (1999). 19546:Kossmann, M. (2013). 19356:Destaing, E. (1940). 19347:Destaing, E. (1937). 19333:Destaing, E. (1920). 19013:Aspinion, R. (1953). 18034:10.5281/zenodo.814472 17380:Berber Latin alphabet 17279:; modern Shilha uses 16233:son-his of brother-my 16158:"their (f.) sisters" 16146:"their (m.) sisters" 15690:can be replaced with 14926:luqt n warraw n wulli 14871:"the story of Joseph" 13802:+ Perfective Negative 13645:"(and then) he took" 11588:in 2nd and 3rd plural 10536:sin walfiwn n tfunast 10071:EL-thousand of EA-cow 9565:snat d mrawt tfunasin 8240:"the first rain fell 7865:: "until, as far as" 7579:"our father" (never * 6517:direct object clitics 6344:"the French language" 5356:The uninflected noun 3768:, the vocalic prefix 3353: 3336: 2784:Core syllabification 2582:the owner of the farm 2462:Gemination and length 1833: 1626:Stress and intonation 1397: 1064: 1056: 940:, and into French as 634:, or the US state of 456: 45:Tachelhit; Tashelhiyt 21369:Languages of Morocco 21169:Eastern Middle Atlas 20979:Languages of Morocco 20796:Fezzan-Tripolitanian 20448:Eastern Middle Atlas 20090:. Leipzig: Hinrichs. 20079:. Leipzig: Hinrichs. 19971:Stroomer, H (2002). 19233:Colin, G.S. (1993). 19184:Boumalk, A. (2004). 19175:Boukous, A. (1977). 19026:. N.p.: Ibis Press. 18993:Amarīr, ʿU. (1987). 18519:Galand (1988, 4.18). 18510:Aspinion (1953:254). 18492:Galand (1988, 4.15). 18468:Galand (1988, 4.11). 18441:Galand (1988, 4.11). 18432:Galand (1988, 4.11). 18068:Galand (1988, 2.13). 17812:10.3917/edb.042.0193 16693:{he with} EA-letters 15893:"the daughter(s) of" 15745:azrg iṭṭaf yan uskti 15325:"exist" (perfective 15236:tlla dars yat txsayt 15113:"your (sg.m.) pouch" 15006:"the season of rain" 14855:"the road to school" 14823:"the price of maize" 14758:Within a noun phrase 11612:Perfective negative 11609:with the other forms 10743:furrow the.first.one 10453:"two hundred horses" 10287:"twenty-five horses" 10117:sin wafḍan n tfunast 10031:"two hundred horses" 9568:two with ten EA-cows 7614:"with them" (never * 7523:(alone me) "I alone" 6330:"the Dutch language" 5673:tamazirt nnun tfulki 5399:Unincorporated loans 5204:"reeds" (from Punic) 4963:(suppletive plural) 4919:(suppletive plural) 3667:unincorporated loans 1093:improve this article 967:The now-usual names 785:Shilha people#Naming 409:improve this article 146:Dakhla-Oued Ed-Dahab 138:Béni Mellal-Khénifra 21324:Formerly native to 20095:Stumme, H. (1907). 20084:Stumme, H. (1899). 20073:Stumme, H. (1895). 20056:Stumme, H. (1894). 19794:Podeur, J. (1995). 19696:Laoust, E. (1936). 19691:. Paris: Challamel. 19687:Laoust, E. (1920). 19470:Jordan, A. (1935). 19461:Jordan, A. (1934). 19450:Ibáñez, E. (1954). 18957:Agrour, R. (2012). 18858:Destaing (1920:21). 18564:The possessed noun 18120:, with superfluous 18077:Galand (1988, 2.1). 18059:Galand (1988, 2.4). 17746:Boukous (1977:126). 17712:Maaroufi, Youssef. 17231:Feast of Immolation 16918:{she with} delusion 15958:"the brother(s) of" 15816:"I have two houses" 15068:after a vowel, and 15011:a-gllid n y-muslm-n 14799:"Brahim's children" 14783:"Daoud's waterhole" 13805:negated past action 13772:"he will not take" 13704:negated consecutive 13421:"be first, precede" 10700:days which.are.last 10671:page which.is.first 10542:"two thousand cows" 10394:hundred of EA-horse 10123:"two thousand cows" 10025:snat tmaḍ n wag°mar 9665:sindmrawt n tfunast 9517:sin d mraw wag°marn 7561:§ Prepositions 5788:EL-loaf of EA-bread 5694:§ Prepositions 5633:tfulki tmazirt nnun 5270:"tar" (from Arabic) 4721:(irregular plural) 4523:(irregular plural) 4435:(irregular plural) 4233:imun umɣar d lqqaḍi 4219:after a consonant: 3877:"moon, month" → EA 3738:("free state") and 2518:lexical difference 2483:Role of Gemination 2473: 958:or, more commonly, 838:(borrowed from the 507:; from its name in 21364:Berbers in Morocco 21010:Native vernaculars 20987:Official languages 19786:Tashlheet textbook 19651:Linguistic Inquiry 19488:Jouad, H. (1995). 19479:Jouad, H. (1983). 19351:. Paris: Geuthner. 18974:Amard, P. (1997). 18275:"Tashlhiyt Berber" 18145:"Tashlhiyt Berber" 17507:Imperfective 2sg. 17316:is kn tusat inman? 17107:"wide-brimmed hat" 16891:{she with} EA-mats 16797:bu w-marg → bumarg 16236:"my brother's son" 15936:"the sister(s) of" 15872:"the father(s) of" 15851:"the mother(s) of" 15755:azrg ila yan uskti 15639:"I have good eyes" 15242:"he has a pumpkin" 13733:negated imperative 12705:gnna, gnnu, tt-gnu 12433:"break, be broken" 12141:skkiwis, tt-skiwis 10876:ORD-three EA-times 10783:"she arrived last" 10746:"the first furrow" 10637:"to be first" and 10490:thousand of EA-cow 10397:"a hundred horses" 10343:"twenty-five cows" 10174:twenty of EA-horse 9982:"a hundred horses" 9628:twelve of EA-horse 9625:sindmraw n wag°mar 8091:). Exceptions are 7896:"at the place of, 7009:∅ = zero morpheme 6474:yaɣ usmmiḍ taɣaṭṭ 6061:"cock, rooster" → 5196:"wax" (from Latin) 5080:(vowel change) or 5058:"utensil", plural 2638:Syllable structure 2472: 2452:"the sisters of", 2201:⟨ɣ°⟩ 2131:⟨x°⟩ 2057:⟨g°⟩ 2005:⟨q°⟩ 1990:⟨k°⟩ 1836: 1408: 1390:Berber orthography 1306:Dcheira El Jihadia 1067: 1059: 1049:Number of speakers 601:, which is in the 586:[tæʃlħijt] 463: 21341: 21340: 21243: 21242: 21239: 21238: 21182: 21181: 21093: 21092: 20945: 20944: 20939:extinct languages 20928: 20927: 20705: 20704: 20259:Tachelhit edition 20039:978-90-420-2471-7 19925:978-3-447-04420-2 19878:978-3-89645-923-7 19867:Roux, A. (2009). 19859:978-3-944675-99-2 19767:978-88-6719-148-2 19557:978-90-04-25308-7 19550:. Leiden: Brill. 19538:978-0-521-86533-3 19376:978-0-19-957106-2 19325:978-3-89645-398-3 19306:978-1-4020-1077-4 19110:978-90-429-0826-0 18837:978-1-139-42364-9 18788:978-90-04-25309-4 18709:978-90-04-25309-4 18660:978-90-04-25309-4 18611:978-90-04-25309-4 18384:978-3-447-06695-2 18251:978-3-944675-99-2 18213:978-1-139-42364-9 18122:⟨e⟩ 18114:⟨e⟩ 18098:⟨e⟩ 18043:978-3-944675-99-2 18005:978-0-429-35422-9 17934:978-3-89645-398-3 17870:978-3-89645-381-5 17769:978-0-203-86548-4 17622:(26th ed., 2023) 17392:⟨ɛ⟩ 17384:⟨°⟩ 17368:⟨j⟩ 17364:⟨c⟩ 17199:"ritual prayer", 17143: 17142: 16989:) and an element 16749: 16748: 16661:{he of} EA-forest 16391: 16390: 16162: 16161: 16047: 16046: 15810:ṭṭafɣ snat tg°mma 15684:In al its usages 14574:igg°z s wanu yaf 14267:ur issin man ass 14188: 14187: 14085:"be small, young" 13951: 13950: 13823:"he did not take" 13598:Uses of MAN stems 13595: 13594: 13412:tt-iksuḍ, tt-ksuḍ 11968: 11967: 11558: 11557: 10888: 10887: 10841:ORD-three EA-days 10792: 10791: 10777:tucka d tamggarut 10712: 10711: 10551: 10550: 10493:"a thousand cows" 10352: 10351: 10226: 10225: 10132: 10131: 10074:"a thousand cows" 9928: 9927: 9819: 9818: 9680: 9679: 9580: 9579: 9276: 9275: 9143: 9142: 8903: 8902: 8621:ɣ tuẓẓumt n wasif 8616:"beside the road" 8589:} uḥjjam ɣ Tfrawt 8230:iḍr unẓar izwarn 8085: 8084: 7930:"on; because of" 7916:"beneath, under" 7791:§ Possession 7426:I.am.running.away 7262:, giɣ aɣyul zund 7013: 7012: 6506:Personal pronouns 6394:"(my) brother" → 6108:"man, husband" ― 6095:"female moufflon" 5902: 5901: 5806: 5805: 5688: 5687: 5482:"tomb of a saint" 5233:Uninflected nouns 5033: 5032: 4269:stem extension (+ 4168: 4167: 3664:uninflected nouns 3606: 3605: 3275:frḥɣ s lmɛrft nnk 3182: 3181: 3121: 3120: 2899: 2898: 2846:Coda assignment: 2551: 2550: 2315: 2314: 2296:⟨ṛ⟩ 2255:⟨y⟩ 2245:⟨ḷ⟩ 2221:⟨h⟩ 2211:⟨ɛ⟩ 2193:⟨ɣ⟩ 2179:⟨j⟩ 2169:⟨ẓ⟩ 2152: 2141:⟨ḥ⟩ 2123:⟨x⟩ 2109:⟨c⟩ 2099:⟨ṣ⟩ 2078: 2040:⟨ḍ⟩ 2018: 1973:⟨ṭ⟩ 1957: 1831: 1809:⟨e⟩ 1791:⟨e⟩ 1787:⟨e⟩ 1746: 1745: 1520:Léopold Justinard 1455:Mḥmmd u Ɛli Awzal 1428:Shilha literature 1361: 1360: 1125: 1124: 1117: 695:dialect continuum 454: 441: 440: 433: 383: 382: 337: 336: 319:rendering support 315:phonetic symbols. 126:Guelmim-Oued Noun 16:(Redirected from 21381: 21359:Berber languages 21311:Classical Arabic 21193: 21192: 21131:Sanhaja de Srair 21104: 21103: 21024: 21023: 21015: 21014: 20972: 20965: 20958: 20949: 20948: 20864: 20863: 20692:Moroccan Amazigh 20640:Sanhaja de Srayr 20580:Western Algerian 20518:Eastern Moroccan 20466:Northern Saharan 20436: 20435: 20316:Berber languages 20309: 20302: 20295: 20286: 20285: 20280: 20272: 20271: 20270: 20263: 20255: 20254: 20253: 20246: 20238: 20237: 20236: 20229: 20221: 20220: 20219: 20212: 20204: 20203: 20202: 20192: 20160: 20156: 20154: 20145: 20141: 20139: 20130: 20126: 20124: 20108: 20091: 20080: 20069: 20052: 20043: 20024: 20005: 19986: 19967: 19948: 19929: 19910: 19891: 19882: 19863: 19842: 19809: 19790: 19779: 19750: 19731: 19712: 19701: 19692: 19683: 19674: 19648: 19638: 19604: 19594: 19588: 19580: 19561: 19542: 19523: 19514: 19503: 19484: 19475: 19466: 19457: 19446: 19437: 19418: 19399: 19380: 19361: 19352: 19343: 19341: 19329: 19310: 19291: 19262: 19256: 19248: 19229: 19228:. Paris: Leroux. 19218: 19199: 19180: 19171: 19169: 19143: 19133: 19114: 19095: 19076: 19057: 19047: 19037: 19018: 19017:. Rabat: Moncho. 19009: 18998: 18989: 18970: 18945: 18944: 18912: 18906: 18905: 18865: 18859: 18856: 18850: 18849: 18821: 18815: 18814: 18808: 18800: 18772: 18766: 18764: 18759:, in the phrase 18758: 18751: 18745: 18742: 18736: 18735: 18729: 18721: 18693: 18687: 18686: 18680: 18672: 18644: 18638: 18637: 18631: 18623: 18595: 18589: 18587: 18581: 18575: 18569: 18562: 18556: 18554: 18548: 18542: 18535: 18529: 18526: 18520: 18517: 18511: 18508: 18502: 18499: 18493: 18490: 18484: 18482: 18475: 18469: 18466: 18460: 18457: 18451: 18448: 18442: 18439: 18433: 18430: 18424: 18421: 18415: 18412: 18406: 18395: 18389: 18388: 18370: 18357: 18354: 18348: 18345: 18339: 18336: 18330: 18327: 18321: 18320: 18294: 18270: 18264: 18263: 18235: 18226: 18225: 18197: 18191: 18190: 18164: 18140: 18134: 18131: 18125: 18123: 18119: 18115: 18111: 18105: 18100:indicating that 18099: 18095: 18091: 18084: 18078: 18075: 18069: 18066: 18060: 18057: 18051: 18050: 18021: 18015: 18014: 18013: 18012: 17979: 17973: 17972: 17960: 17954: 17952: 17945: 17939: 17938: 17920: 17914: 17913: 17881: 17875: 17874: 17856: 17850: 17849: 17847: 17846: 17837:. Archived from 17830: 17824: 17823: 17791: 17782: 17781: 17753: 17747: 17744: 17738: 17737:Stumme (1899:4). 17735: 17729: 17728: 17726: 17725: 17709: 17703: 17700: 17694: 17692: 17685: 17679: 17676: 17670: 17667: 17661: 17658: 17652: 17645: 17639: 17636: 17630: 17629: 17628: 17611: 17595: 17592: 17586: 17584: 17577: 17571: 17569: 17562: 17556: 17553: 17547: 17545: 17539: 17533: 17526: 17520: 17518: 17512: 17505: 17499: 17497: 17491: 17485: 17478: 17472: 17469: 17463: 17461: 17455: 17449: 17443: 17437: 17431: 17424: 17418: 17415: 17409: 17405: 17399: 17397: 17393: 17389: 17385: 17377: 17373: 17369: 17365: 17360: 17345: 17339: 17333: 17327: 17318: 17312: 17306: 17293:Secret languages 17284: 17278: 17272: 17266: 17260: 17238: 17228: 17222: 17216: 17210: 17204: 17198: 17192: 17178:Maarten Kossmann 17159:Phoenician-Punic 17096: 17075:"the unemployed" 17064: 17046: 17024: 17005: 17000: 16994: 16988: 16982: 16976: 16970: 16950: 16932: 16883: 16864: 16821: 16776: 16757: 16725: 16707: 16685: 16653: 16623: 16596: 16591: 16585: 16579: 16565: 16559: 16553: 16546: 16540: 16531: 16522: 16516: 16508: 16502: 16493: 16487: 16481: 16471: 16463: 16455: 16447: 16439: 16431: 16419: 16410: 16404: 16398: 16387: 16380: 16368: 16361: 16341: 16263: 16190: 16155: 16143: 16131: 16119: 16107: 16095: 16083: 16071: 16059: 16052: 16038: 16021: 16004: 15987: 15972: 15965: 15950: 15943: 15928: 15921: 15907: 15900: 15886: 15879: 15865: 15858: 15835: 15831: 15802: 15791: 15747: 15736: 15709: 15695: 15689: 15669: 15620: 15598: 15592: 15502: 15472: 15409: 15383: 15356: 15330: 15324: 15280: 15231: 15184: 15176: 15168: 15166:timddukkal nnunt 15160: 15153:"our neighbours" 15152: 15144: 15136: 15128: 15120: 15112: 15104: 15096: 15088: 15079: 15073: 15067: 15057: 15048:"maize of Egypt" 15047: 15041: 15033: 15027: 15019: 15013: 15005: 14999: 14991: 14985: 14983:a-ḍbib n y-isa-n 14977: 14971: 14969:awal n w-aɛrab-n 14962: 14956: 14950: 14944: 14938: 14928: 14920: 14907: 14899: 14891: 14883: 14870: 14862: 14854: 14852:aɣaras n ssk°ila 14846: 14838: 14830: 14828:tiɣ°rdin n imkli 14822: 14814: 14806: 14798: 14790: 14782: 14773: 14767: 14748: 14718: 14655: 14599: 14593: 14569: 14550: 14521: 14491: 14437: 14397: 14391: 14382: 14352: 14325: 14244: 14206: 14200: 14184: 14177: 14170: 14158: 14151: 14144: 14132: 14125: 14118: 14106: 14099: 14092: 14080: 14073: 14066: 14054: 14047: 14040: 14017: 14013: 14007: 14001: 13991: 13985: 13977: 13971: 13935: 13929: 13917: 13904: 13892: 13881: 13875: 13863: 13852: 13840: 13820: 13814: 13801: 13769: 13758: 13752: 13740: 13729: 13723: 13711: 13700: 13688: 13677: 13665: 13654: 13640: 13634: 13605: 13591: 13584: 13577: 13570: 13556: 13549: 13542: 13535: 13520: 13513: 13506: 13499: 13485: 13478: 13471: 13464: 13449: 13447:tt-izwur, zgg°ur 13442: 13435: 13428: 13414: 13407: 13400: 13393: 13378: 13371: 13364: 13357: 13342: 13335: 13328: 13321: 13307: 13300: 13293: 13286: 13272: 13265: 13258: 13251: 13236: 13229: 13222: 13215: 13201: 13194: 13187: 13180: 13165: 13158: 13151: 13144: 13130: 13123: 13116: 13109: 13094: 13087: 13080: 13073: 13059: 13052: 13045: 13038: 13024: 13017: 13010: 13003: 12989: 12982: 12975: 12968: 12953: 12946: 12939: 12932: 12918: 12911: 12904: 12897: 12883: 12876: 12869: 12862: 12848: 12841: 12834: 12827: 12812: 12805: 12798: 12791: 12777: 12770: 12763: 12756: 12742: 12735: 12728: 12721: 12707: 12700: 12693: 12686: 12671: 12664: 12657: 12650: 12636: 12629: 12622: 12615: 12601: 12594: 12587: 12580: 12566: 12559: 12552: 12545: 12531: 12524: 12517: 12510: 12496: 12489: 12482: 12475: 12461: 12454: 12447: 12440: 12425: 12418: 12411: 12404: 12390: 12383: 12376: 12369: 12354: 12347: 12340: 12333: 12319: 12312: 12305: 12298: 12284: 12277: 12270: 12263: 12249: 12242: 12235: 12228: 12214: 12207: 12200: 12193: 12178: 12171: 12164: 12157: 12143: 12136: 12129: 12122: 12108: 12101: 12094: 12087: 12072: 12065: 12058: 12051: 12037: 12030: 12023: 12016: 11983: 11964: 11947: 11937: 11904: 11887: 11870: 11832: 11815: 11798: 11788: 11776: 11766: 11749: 11732: 11715: 11703: 11693: 11681: 11666: 11662: 11656: 11650: 11644: 11626: 11617: 11608: 11602: 11596: 11587: 11581: 11575: 11565: 11554: 11547: 11540: 11526: 11519: 11512: 11473: 11462: 11450: 11439: 11427: 11416: 11379: 11372: 11365: 11358: 11346: 11339: 11332: 11325: 11313: 11306: 11299: 11292: 11280: 11273: 11266: 11259: 11247: 11240: 11233: 11226: 11214: 11207: 11200: 11193: 11181: 11174: 11167: 11160: 11148: 11141: 11134: 11127: 11115: 11108: 11101: 11094: 11070: 11063: 11056: 11049: 11003: 10999: 10993: 10987: 10965: 10959: 10953: 10947: 10941: 10935: 10929: 10923: 10918:, the geminated 10917: 10907: 10899: 10879:"the third time" 10868: 10857: 10833: 10822: 10811: 10806: 10800: 10719: 10674:"the first page" 10647: 10642: 10636: 10620:Ordinal numerals 10604: 10578: 10559: 10531: 10512: 10482: 10442: 10416: 10386: 10359: 10332: 10276: 10233: 10214:twenty of EA-cow 10211:ɛcrint n tfunast 10206: 10166: 10139: 10112: 10093: 10063: 10044: 10020: 10001: 9976:timiḍi n wag°mar 9971: 9952: 9941: 9936: 9916:two EA-thousands 9908: 9876: 9844: 9825: 9815: 9808: 9801: 9794: 9782: 9775: 9768: 9761: 9749: 9742: 9735: 9728: 9692: 9668:twelve of EA-cow 9660: 9620: 9593: 9588: 9560: 9512: 9477: 9472: 9457: 9451: 9443: 9437: 9429: 9423: 9415: 9409: 9401: 9395: 9386: 9380: 9374: 9368: 9362: 9356: 9346: 9338: 9336:ur iẓri ḥtta yan 9329: 9323: 9317: 9311: 9305: 9295: 9287: 9257: 9228: 9197: 9168: 9149: 9139: 9132: 9120: 9113: 9101: 9094: 9082: 9075: 9063: 9056: 9044: 9037: 9025: 9018: 9006: 8999: 8987: 8980: 8968: 8961: 8949: 8942: 8922: 8899: 8892: 8885: 8871: 8864: 8857: 8841: 8834: 8827: 8813: 8806: 8799: 8785: 8778: 8771: 8759: 8750: 8732: 8725: 8711: 8704: 8690: 8683: 8676: 8661: 8653: 8646: 8637: 8633: 8628:The preposition 8623: 8615: 8607: 8580: 8561: 8521: 8499: 8454: 8429: 8337: 8323:drinking coffee" 8251: 8193: 8172: 8150: 8141: 8135: 8129: 8123: 8114: 8108: 8102: 8096: 7901: 7836: 7832: 7826: 7820: 7785: 7748:-vegetable.patch 7747: 7718: 7684: 7619: 7613: 7605: 7599: 7590: 7584: 7578: 7572: 7554: 7546: 7538: 7530: 7522: 7513: 7507: 7489: 7477: 7464: 7455: 7376: 7234: 7196: 7190: 7166: 7147: 7110: 7099: 7070: 7051: 7004: 6997: 6990: 6983: 6976: 6964: 6957: 6950: 6943: 6936: 6921: 6915: 6908: 6896: 6889: 6882: 6875: 6868: 6850: 6843: 6836: 6830: 6822: 6815: 6803: 6796: 6789: 6783: 6775: 6768: 6753: 6746: 6739: 6732: 6725: 6713: 6706: 6699: 6692: 6685: 6667: 6655: 6648: 6641: 6634: 6627: 6612: 6606: 6598: 6591: 6585: 6577: 6570: 6538: 6537: 6496: 6480: 6464: 6451: 6446:) and anaphoric 6441: 6435: 6420: 6412: 6399: 6393: 6385: 6379: 6371: 6365: 6357: 6351: 6343: 6337: 6329: 6323: 6310: 6304: 6296: 6290: 6282: 6276: 6268: 6262: 6250:"large fan palm" 6249: 6243: 6235: 6229: 6221: 6215: 6202: 6196: 6188: 6182: 6174: 6168: 6160: 6154: 6146: 6140: 6127: 6121: 6113: 6107: 6094: 6088: 6080: 6074: 6066: 6060: 6052: 6046: 6038: 6032: 6024: 6018: 6006: 6000: 5964: 5944: 5933: 5927: 5919: 5892: 5876: 5854: 5838: 5819: 5796: 5780: 5761: 5747: 5731: 5712: 5701: 5652: 5620: 5601: 5583: 5577: 5567: 5561: 5553: 5547: 5534: 5528: 5523:Moroccan Arabic 5519: 5513: 5508:Moroccan Arabic 5503: 5497: 5491: 5481: 5475: 5470:Moroccan Arabic 5466: 5460: 5455:Moroccan Arabic 5450: 5444: 5434: 5428: 5423:Moroccan Arabic 5419: 5413: 5408:Moroccan Arabic 5394: 5388: 5383:(woman's name), 5382: 5376: 5367: 5361: 5352: 5346: 5337: 5331: 5325: 5319: 5309: 5301: 5293: 5285: 5277: 5269: 5261: 5253: 5245: 5227: 5219: 5211: 5203: 5195: 5182: 5176: 5168: 5162: 5154: 5148: 5140: 5134: 5121: 5113: 5105: 5097: 5085: 5079: 5074:"knife", plural 5073: 5063: 5057: 5049: 5043: 5026: 5019: 5004: 4997: 4982: 4975: 4960: 4953: 4938: 4931: 4916: 4909: 4894: 4887: 4872: 4865: 4850: 4843: 4828: 4821: 4806: 4799: 4784: 4777: 4762: 4755: 4740: 4733: 4718: 4711: 4696: 4689: 4674: 4667: 4652: 4645: 4630: 4623: 4608: 4601: 4586: 4579: 4564: 4557: 4542: 4535: 4520: 4513: 4498: 4491: 4476: 4469: 4454: 4447: 4432: 4425: 4410: 4403: 4388: 4381: 4366: 4359: 4336: 4329: 4323: 4317: 4311: 4302: 4292: 4286: 4280: 4274: 4255: 4249: 4235: 4227: 4218: 4212: 4206: 4197: 4191: 4184: 4178: 4164: 4157: 4147: 4140: 4124: 4117: 4107: 4100: 4088: 4081: 4071: 4064: 4052: 4045: 4035: 4028: 4016: 4009: 3999: 3992: 3956: 3955: 3952: 3946: 3940: 3934: 3928: 3922: 3909: 3903: 3897: 3888: 3882: 3876: 3863: 3857: 3849: 3843: 3833: 3824: 3818: 3812: 3803: 3797: 3791: 3785: 3779: 3773: 3767: 3761: 3743: 3737: 3727: 3719: 3711: 3703: 3695: 3687: 3637: 3631: 3625: 3619: 3613: 3370: 3369: 3349: 3326: 3300: 3263:the.acquaintance 3231: 3220: 3212: 3204: 3196: 3126: 2904: 2903: 2895: 2894: 2891: 2888: 2885: 2882: 2879: 2876: 2873: 2870: 2867: 2864: 2861: 2858: 2855: 2852: 2841: 2839: 2836: 2833: 2829: 2826: 2822: 2819: 2816: 2812: 2809: 2805: 2801: 2797: 2794: 2791: 2779: 2772: 2771: 2757: 2738: 2695: 2648: 2633: 2627: 2621: 2615: 2609: 2603: 2597: 2591: 2474: 2471: 2457: 2451: 2445: 2439: 2430: 2424: 2418: 2414: 2410: 2404: 2398: 2392: 2382: 2378: 2374: 2370: 2336: 2330: 2326: 2320: 2297: 2294: 2289: 2265: 2256: 2253: 2246: 2243: 2238: 2222: 2219: 2212: 2209: 2202: 2199: 2194: 2191: 2180: 2177: 2170: 2167: 2162: 2150: 2142: 2139: 2132: 2129: 2124: 2121: 2110: 2107: 2100: 2097: 2092: 2085: 2076: 2058: 2055: 2050: 2041: 2038: 2033: 2026: 2016: 2006: 2003: 1998: 1991: 1988: 1983: 1974: 1971: 1966: 1955: 1929: 1922: 1841: 1840: 1832: 1810: 1806: 1803: 1799: 1796: 1792: 1788: 1781: 1775: 1757: 1751: 1740: 1724: 1715: 1684: 1683: 1680: 1674: 1668: 1662: 1656: 1650: 1644: 1590: 1589: 1580:Joseph Applegate 1570: 1561: 1555: 1543: 1527: 1514: 1493: 1472: 1462: 1452: 1451: 1446: 1143: 1142: 1120: 1113: 1109: 1106: 1100: 1077: 1069: 1044: 1038: 1032: 1026: 1020: 1010: 1001: 991: 985: 978: 972: 963: 957: 951: 945: 927: 921: 915: 909: 900: 894: 888: 882: 877:. The plural of 876: 870: 864: 858: 852: 846: 837: 827: 821: 812: 806: 792: 782: 776: 767: 761: 755: 749: 734:protectorate era 646:, including the 626: 620: 614: 588: 583: 579: 567: 562: 561: 558: 557: 554: 551: 548: 545: 542: 539: 536: 533: 516: 503: 498: 497: 494: 493: 490: 487: 484: 481: 478: 469: 455: 436: 429: 425: 422: 416: 393: 385: 339: 338: 302: 297: 288: 272: 265: 237: 177: 103: 102: 99: 98: 95: 92: 89: 86: 83: 80: 77: 74: 59: 58: 53: 37: 36: 21: 21389: 21388: 21384: 21383: 21382: 21380: 21379: 21378: 21374:Shilha language 21349: 21348: 21347: 21342: 21337: 21318:Medieval Hebrew 21294: 21271: 21235: 21219: 21178: 21174:Eastern Morocco 21145: 21089: 21073: 21045: 21004: 20981: 20976: 20946: 20941: 20924: 20898: 20884:IRCAM (Morocco) 20855: 20817: 20761: 20738: 20701: 20697:Algerian Berber 20678: 20662:Central-Western 20657:Central-Eastern 20613:Atlas languages 20601: 20545:Tunisian-Zuwara 20533:Western Riffian 20513:Central Riffian 20425: 20336: 20318: 20313: 20283: 20273: 20268: 20266: 20256: 20251: 20249: 20245:from Wikivoyage 20239: 20234: 20232: 20222: 20217: 20215: 20211:from Wiktionary 20205: 20200: 20198: 20195: 20191:sister projects 20188:at Knowledge's 20186:Shilha language 20174: 20158: 20152: 20148: 20143: 20137: 20133: 20128: 20122: 20118: 20115: 20040: 20021: 20013:. Köln: Köppe. 20002: 19994:. Köln: Köppe. 19983: 19975:. Köln: Köppe. 19964: 19956:. Köln: Köppe. 19945: 19926: 19907: 19879: 19860: 19806: 19768: 19747: 19728: 19646: 19602: 19582: 19581: 19577: 19558: 19539: 19500: 19474:. Rabat: Omnia. 19465:. Rabat: Omnia. 19434: 19415: 19396: 19377: 19339: 19326: 19318:. Köln: Köppe. 19307: 19250: 19249: 19245: 19215: 19196: 19141: 19130: 19111: 19092: 19073: 19045: 19034: 18986: 18953: 18948: 18913: 18909: 18866: 18862: 18857: 18853: 18838: 18822: 18818: 18802: 18801: 18789: 18773: 18769: 18752: 18748: 18743: 18739: 18723: 18722: 18710: 18694: 18690: 18674: 18673: 18661: 18645: 18641: 18625: 18624: 18612: 18596: 18592: 18563: 18559: 18536: 18532: 18527: 18523: 18518: 18514: 18509: 18505: 18500: 18496: 18491: 18487: 18476: 18472: 18467: 18463: 18458: 18454: 18449: 18445: 18440: 18436: 18431: 18427: 18422: 18418: 18413: 18409: 18396: 18392: 18385: 18371: 18360: 18355: 18351: 18346: 18342: 18337: 18333: 18328: 18324: 18271: 18267: 18252: 18236: 18229: 18214: 18198: 18194: 18141: 18137: 18132: 18128: 18121: 18117: 18113: 18097: 18093: 18085: 18081: 18076: 18072: 18067: 18063: 18058: 18054: 18044: 18022: 18018: 18010: 18008: 18006: 17980: 17976: 17961: 17957: 17946: 17942: 17935: 17921: 17917: 17882: 17878: 17871: 17857: 17853: 17844: 17842: 17831: 17827: 17806:(2): 193, 198. 17792: 17785: 17770: 17754: 17750: 17745: 17741: 17736: 17732: 17723: 17721: 17710: 17706: 17701: 17697: 17686: 17682: 17677: 17673: 17668: 17664: 17659: 17655: 17646: 17642: 17637: 17633: 17623: 17612: 17608: 17604: 17599: 17598: 17593: 17589: 17578: 17574: 17563: 17559: 17554: 17550: 17527: 17523: 17506: 17502: 17479: 17475: 17470: 17466: 17425: 17421: 17416: 17412: 17406: 17402: 17391: 17383: 17367: 17363: 17361: 17357: 17352: 17295: 17155: 17149: 17144: 17136: 17126: 17118: 17109: 17099: 17088: 17077: 17067: 17056: 17048: 17037: 17027: 17016: 16963: 16953: 16942: 16934: 16923: 16913: 16905: 16896: 16886: 16875: 16857: 16853:" (place-name)} 16844: 16835:Biyg°ra, Big°ra 16832: 16824: 16813: 16804: 16795: 16787: 16779: 16768: 16752:In many cases, 16750: 16742: 16728: 16717: 16709: 16698: 16688: 16677: 16666: 16656: 16645: 16636: 16626: 16615: 16607: 16572: 16514:a-rgaz w w-rgaz 16333: 16323: 16315: 16307: 16299: 16291: 16283: 16276: 16266: 16255: 16247: 16238: 16230:yiwi-s n g°ma-Ø 16228: 16220: 16212: 16203: 16193: 16182: 16174: 15919:yiw-, yu-, ywi- 15914:"the son(s) of" 15823: 15821:Possessed nouns 15818: 15808: 15800:liɣ snat tg°mma 15794: 15783: 15775: 15767: 15763: 15753: 15739: 15728: 15720: 15712: 15701: 15682: 15672: 15661: 15653: 15645: 15641: 15633:liɣ alln ɛdlnin 15631: 15623: 15612: 15604: 15585: 15575: 15567: 15559: 15551: 15543: 15535: 15531: 15521: 15513: 15505: 15494: 15486: 15478: 15465: 15455: 15447: 15439: 15431: 15423: 15415: 15411: 15403: 15394: 15386: 15375: 15367: 15359: 15348: 15340: 15333:verbless clause 15317: 15307: 15299: 15291: 15283: 15272: 15264: 15256: 15248: 15244: 15234: 15223: 15215: 15207: 15199: 15192: 15190:Within a clause 15060:§ Pronouns 14905:tassmi n ifrgan 14844:aɣllay n tafukt 14836:lmdint n Ssnbul 14815:"a little salt" 14760: 14755: 14750: 14742: 14735:nttgga ɣ txibit 14729: 14721: 14710: 14702: 14692: 14684: 14676: 14672: 14658: 14647: 14639: 14631: 14621: 14613: 14605: 14586: 14572: 14561: 14553: 14542: 14532: 14524: 14513: 14505: 14497: 14493: 14485: 14472: 14464: 14456: 14448: 14440: 14429: 14421: 14411: 14403: 14384: 14376: 14363: 14355: 14344: 14336: 14328: 14315: 14307: 14299: 14291: 14283: 14279: 14265: 14257: 14247: 14236: 14228: 14220: 14212: 14193: 14011:adrar i-mqqur-n 13956: 13940: 13909: 13843:"always take!" 13824: 13815: 13806: 13791: 13786: 13781: 13691:"he will take" 13668:"that he take" 13644: 13635: 13626: 13600: 13340:tt-ffɣ, tt-ffuɣ 13305:tt-kks, tt-kkis 13270:tt-ṭṭf, tt-ṭṭaf 13244:"hold, possess" 12538:"show, explain" 12326:"open, be open" 12291:"ascend, climb" 11997: 11973: 11634: 11019: 10980: 10972: 10905:wis-mnnawt twal 10889: 10881: 10871: 10860: 10846: 10844:"the third day" 10838:wis-kraḍ wussan 10836: 10825: 10793: 10785: 10775: 10767: 10759: 10748: 10738: 10730: 10713: 10705: 10703:"the last days" 10695: 10687: 10676: 10668:tawriqqt izwarn 10666: 10658: 10622: 10617: 10607: 10596: 10588: 10580: 10570: 10552: 10544: 10534: 10523: 10515: 10504: 10495: 10485: 10474: 10466: 10455: 10445: 10434: 10426: 10418: 10408: 10399: 10389: 10378: 10370: 10353: 10345: 10335: 10324: 10316: 10308: 10300: 10289: 10279: 10268: 10260: 10252: 10244: 10227: 10219: 10209: 10198: 10190: 10179: 10177:"twenty horses" 10171:ɛcrin n wag°mar 10169: 10158: 10150: 10133: 10125: 10115: 10104: 10096: 10085: 10076: 10066: 10055: 10047: 10033: 10023: 10012: 10004: 9993: 9984: 9974: 9963: 9955: 9929: 9921: 9911: 9900: 9889: 9884:two EA-hundreds 9879: 9868: 9857: 9852:two EA-tensomes 9847: 9836: 9686: 9681: 9673: 9663: 9652: 9644: 9633: 9631:"twelve horses" 9623: 9612: 9604: 9581: 9573: 9563: 9552: 9544: 9536: 9525: 9523:"twelve horses" 9515: 9504: 9496: 9488: 9465: 9458:"two EA-months" 9324:), "anything" ( 9293:mnnawt tfunasin 9277: 9269: 9260: 9249: 9240: 9236:"two EA-horses" 9231: 9220: 9209: 9200: 9189: 9180: 9171: 9160: 8917: 8908: 8613:ɣ tama n uɣaras 8605:ɣ iggi n umdduz 8597: 8583: 8572: 8564: 8553: 8551:at.the.place.of 8543: 8535: 8527: 8523: 8515: 8502: 8491: 8483: 8473: 8465: 8457: 8446: 8438: 8431: 8423: 8406: 8398: 8390: 8388:it.is.irrigated 8382: 8374: 8366: 8358: 8350: 8340: 8329: 8325: 8307: 8299: 8291: 8289:the're.drinking 8283: 8275: 8265: 8257: 8253: 8245: 8228: 8220: 8212: 8204: 8196: 8183: 8175: 8164: 8156: 8080: 8057:: "to, toward" 7799: 7787: 7779: 7768:tamurɣi tcca y 7766: 7758: 7750: 7737: 7729: 7721: 7709: 7695: 7687: 7676: 7668: 7658: 7650: 7642: 7634: 7457: 7449: 7436: 7428: 7420: 7412: 7402: 7393: 7379: 7377:-Koranic.school 7368: 7360: 7350: 7338: 7325: 7315: 7307: 7299: 7291: 7283: 7274: 7256: 7245: 7237: 7226: 7218: 7207: 7183: 7169: 7158: 7150: 7139: 7137:who.is.building 7131: 7123: 7113: 7101: 7093: 7081: 7073: 7062: 7054: 7043: 7035: 7027: 6508: 6428: 6352:"blacksmith" → 6338:"the French" → 6291:"aubergines" → 5993: 5985: 5975: 5967: 5956: 5903: 5895: 5879: 5868: 5857: 5846:three EA-dishes 5841: 5830: 5812:§ Numerals 5807: 5799: 5785:tangult n uɣrum 5783: 5772: 5764: 5750: 5736:tiskrt d uẓalim 5734: 5723: 5715: 5689: 5681: 5671: 5669:it.is.beautiful 5663: 5655: 5641: 5631: 5623: 5612: 5610:it.is.beautiful 5590: 5401: 5235: 5086:(suffixation). 5044:"shoe", plural 4968:"mountain pass" 4213:after a vowel, 3741:état d'annexion 3677: 3675:Inflected nouns 3661:inflected nouns 3655: 3650: 3644: 3364: 3361: 3359: 3357: 3351: 3346: 3344: 3342: 3293: 3283: 3273: 3265: 3257: 3249: 3241: 2892: 2889: 2886: 2883: 2880: 2877: 2874: 2871: 2868: 2865: 2862: 2859: 2856: 2853: 2850: 2849: 2837: 2834: 2831: 2827: 2824: 2820: 2817: 2814: 2810: 2807: 2803: 2799: 2795: 2792: 2789: 2787: 2777: 2770: 2760: 2749: 2741: 2730: 2722: 2714: 2706: 2698: 2687: 2679: 2671: 2663: 2655: 2640: 2584: 2574: 2566: 2558: 2464: 2455:dars snat istis 2367:The semivowels 2365: 2295: 2254: 2244: 2220: 2210: 2200: 2192: 2178: 2168: 2140: 2130: 2122: 2108: 2098: 2056: 2039: 2004: 1989: 1972: 1875: 1858: 1827: 1825: 1808: 1801: 1794: 1790: 1786: 1764: 1663:"six" (compare 1636: 1628: 1623: 1617: 1599:of Algeria and 1556:(1920) and his 1548:Edmond Destaing 1482: 1467:law in verse), 1434:oral literature 1430: 1424: 1392: 1386: 1384:Writing systems 1370: 1357: 1356: 1337: 1336: 1317: 1316: 1297: 1296: 1277: 1276: 1257: 1256: 1237: 1236: 1217: 1216: 1197: 1196: 1177: 1176: 1156: 1121: 1110: 1104: 1101: 1090: 1078: 1051: 742: 591:Berber language 581: 565: 530: 526: 509:Moroccan Arabic 501: 475: 471: 443: 437: 426: 420: 417: 406: 394: 365: 349: 317:Without proper 305: 304: 300: 284: 268: 261: 238: 233: 213: 178: 175:Language family 173: 164: 163:Native speakers 71: 67: 51: 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 21387: 21377: 21376: 21371: 21366: 21361: 21343: 21339: 21338: 21336: 21335: 21330: 21321: 21314: 21307: 21299: 21296: 21295: 21293: 21292: 21287: 21281: 21279: 21273: 21272: 21270: 21269: 21264: 21259: 21253: 21251: 21245: 21244: 21241: 21240: 21237: 21236: 21234: 21233: 21227: 21225: 21221: 21220: 21218: 21217: 21212: 21207: 21201: 21199: 21190: 21184: 21183: 21180: 21179: 21177: 21176: 21171: 21166: 21161: 21155: 21153: 21147: 21146: 21144: 21143: 21138: 21133: 21128: 21123: 21118: 21112: 21110: 21101: 21095: 21094: 21091: 21090: 21088: 21087: 21081: 21079: 21075: 21074: 21072: 21071: 21066: 21061: 21055: 21053: 21047: 21046: 21044: 21043: 21041:Judeo-Moroccan 21038: 21032: 21030: 21021: 21012: 21006: 21005: 21003: 21002: 20997: 20991: 20989: 20983: 20982: 20975: 20974: 20967: 20960: 20952: 20943: 20942: 20933: 20930: 20929: 20926: 20925: 20923: 20922: 20917: 20912: 20910:Berber Academy 20906: 20904: 20900: 20899: 20897: 20896: 20891: 20886: 20881: 20876: 20874:AAAL (Algeria) 20870: 20868: 20861: 20857: 20856: 20854: 20853: 20848: 20843: 20838: 20833: 20827: 20825: 20819: 20818: 20816: 20815: 20814: 20813: 20806: 20799: 20792: 20778: 20769: 20767: 20763: 20762: 20760: 20759: 20754: 20748: 20746: 20740: 20739: 20737: 20736: 20731: 20726: 20721: 20715: 20713: 20707: 20706: 20703: 20702: 20700: 20699: 20694: 20688: 20686: 20680: 20679: 20677: 20676: 20675: 20674: 20669: 20664: 20659: 20649: 20648: 20647: 20642: 20637: 20632: 20627: 20620: 20609: 20607: 20603: 20602: 20600: 20599: 20598: 20597: 20592: 20587: 20577: 20576: 20575: 20570: 20565: 20558: 20553: 20542: 20537: 20536: 20535: 20530: 20525: 20520: 20515: 20505: 20504: 20503: 20498: 20493: 20488: 20483: 20478: 20473: 20463: 20462: 20461: 20456: 20444: 20442: 20433: 20427: 20426: 20424: 20423: 20418: 20417: 20416: 20411: 20406: 20401: 20391: 20386: 20379: 20374: 20373: 20372: 20367: 20362: 20352: 20346: 20344: 20338: 20337: 20335: 20334: 20326: 20324: 20320: 20319: 20312: 20311: 20304: 20297: 20289: 20282: 20281: 20264: 20247: 20230: 20213: 20184: 20182: 20181: 20173: 20172:External links 20170: 20169: 20168: 20163:John Coleman, 20161: 20146: 20131: 20114: 20111: 20110: 20109: 20092: 20081: 20070: 20053: 20044: 20038: 20025: 20019: 20006: 20000: 19987: 19981: 19968: 19962: 19949: 19943: 19930: 19924: 19911: 19905: 19892: 19883: 19877: 19864: 19858: 19843: 19825:(2): 321–359. 19810: 19804: 19791: 19780: 19766: 19751: 19746:978-2915255843 19745: 19732: 19726: 19713: 19702: 19693: 19684: 19675: 19657:(2): 255–288. 19639: 19613:(2): 291–316. 19595: 19575: 19562: 19556: 19543: 19537: 19524: 19515: 19504: 19498: 19485: 19476: 19467: 19458: 19447: 19438: 19432: 19419: 19413: 19400: 19394: 19381: 19375: 19362: 19353: 19344: 19330: 19324: 19311: 19305: 19292: 19274:(2): 105–130. 19263: 19243: 19230: 19219: 19213: 19200: 19194: 19181: 19172: 19152:(2): 317–322. 19134: 19128: 19115: 19109: 19096: 19090: 19077: 19071: 19058: 19038: 19032: 19019: 19010: 18999: 18990: 18984: 18971: 18952: 18949: 18947: 18946: 18907: 18880:(2): 291–316. 18860: 18851: 18836: 18816: 18787: 18767: 18746: 18737: 18708: 18688: 18659: 18639: 18610: 18590: 18585:Faḍma wlt Musa 18557: 18555:"to be sweet". 18530: 18521: 18512: 18503: 18494: 18485: 18470: 18461: 18452: 18443: 18434: 18425: 18416: 18407: 18390: 18383: 18358: 18349: 18340: 18331: 18322: 18265: 18250: 18227: 18212: 18192: 18135: 18126: 18079: 18070: 18061: 18052: 18042: 18016: 18004: 17974: 17955: 17940: 17933: 17915: 17876: 17869: 17851: 17825: 17783: 17768: 17748: 17739: 17730: 17704: 17695: 17680: 17671: 17662: 17653: 17640: 17631: 17605: 17603: 17600: 17597: 17596: 17587: 17572: 17557: 17548: 17521: 17500: 17473: 17464: 17419: 17410: 17400: 17354: 17353: 17351: 17348: 17294: 17291: 17148: 17145: 17141: 17140: 17119: 17111: 17110: 17089: 17081: 17080: 17078: 17069:id war tawwuri 17057: 17049: 17039: 17038: 17017: 17009: 17008: 17003: 16943: 16935: 16925: 16924: 16906: 16898: 16897: 16876: 16868: 16867: 16842:" (place-name) 16833: 16825: 16814: 16806: 16805: 16788: 16780: 16769: 16761: 16760: 16747: 16746: 16718: 16710: 16700: 16699: 16678: 16670: 16669: 16667: 16646: 16638: 16637: 16628:bu sa yiwaliwn 16616: 16608: 16600: 16599: 16594: 16571: 16568: 16567: 16566: 16547: 16525: 16524: 16510: 16488:the result is 16474: 16473: 16465: 16457: 16449: 16441: 16433: 16425: 16389: 16388: 16381: 16374: 16370: 16369: 16362: 16355: 16351: 16350: 16347: 16344: 16316: 16308: 16300: 16292: 16284: 16281: 16280: 16268:illi-s n wasif 16256: 16248: 16240: 16239: 16221: 16213: 16205: 16204: 16195:baba-s n tslit 16183: 16175: 16167: 16166: 16160: 16159: 16156: 16148: 16147: 16144: 16136: 16135: 16132: 16124: 16123: 16120: 16112: 16111: 16110:"our sisters" 16108: 16100: 16099: 16096: 16088: 16087: 16084: 16076: 16075: 16072: 16064: 16063: 16060: 16045: 16044: 16041: 16039: 16032: 16028: 16027: 16024: 16022: 16015: 16011: 16010: 16007: 16005: 15998: 15994: 15993: 15990: 15988: 15981: 15977: 15976: 15973: 15966: 15959: 15955: 15954: 15951: 15944: 15937: 15933: 15932: 15929: 15922: 15915: 15911: 15910: 15908: 15901: 15894: 15890: 15889: 15887: 15880: 15873: 15869: 15868: 15866: 15859: 15852: 15848: 15847: 15844: 15841: 15838: 15822: 15819: 15795: 15784: 15776: 15768: 15765: 15764: 15740: 15729: 15721: 15713: 15702: 15699: 15698: 15674:lan sḍis tarwa 15662: 15654: 15646: 15643: 15642: 15629:which.are.good 15624: 15613: 15605: 15602: 15601: 15568: 15560: 15552: 15544: 15536: 15533: 15532: 15514: 15506: 15495: 15487: 15479: 15476: 15475: 15448: 15440: 15432: 15424: 15416: 15413: 15412: 15387: 15376: 15368: 15360: 15349: 15341: 15338: 15337: 15300: 15292: 15284: 15273: 15265: 15257: 15249: 15246: 15245: 15224: 15216: 15208: 15200: 15197: 15196: 15191: 15188: 15187: 15186: 15178: 15170: 15162: 15154: 15146: 15138: 15130: 15122: 15114: 15106: 15098: 15090: 15050: 15049: 15039:a-sngar n miṣr 15035: 15031:addag l litcin 15025:addag n litcin 15021: 15017:agllid imuslmn 15007: 14997:luq-t n w-nẓar 14993: 14992:"horse-doctor" 14979: 14975:awal w waɛrabn 14931: 14930: 14922: 14910: 14909: 14901: 14897:talat n tilkin 14893: 14885: 14881:aɣaras n walim 14873: 14872: 14864: 14856: 14848: 14840: 14832: 14824: 14816: 14808: 14807:"pots of clay" 14804:ig°dar n idqqi 14800: 14796:tarwa n Brahim 14792: 14784: 14759: 14756: 14754: 14751: 14722: 14711: 14703: 14700:we.are.putting 14693: 14685: 14677: 14674: 14673: 14648: 14640: 14632: 14622: 14614: 14606: 14603: 14602: 14562: 14554: 14543: 14533: 14525: 14514: 14506: 14498: 14495: 14494: 14465: 14457: 14449: 14441: 14430: 14422: 14412: 14404: 14401: 14400: 14369:ixf nns ɣ wanu 14356: 14345: 14337: 14329: 14316: 14308: 14300: 14292: 14284: 14281: 14280: 14258: 14248: 14237: 14229: 14221: 14213: 14210: 14209: 14192: 14189: 14186: 14185: 14178: 14171: 14164: 14160: 14159: 14152: 14145: 14138: 14134: 14133: 14126: 14119: 14112: 14108: 14107: 14100: 14093: 14086: 14082: 14081: 14074: 14067: 14060: 14056: 14055: 14048: 14041: 14034: 14030: 14029: 14026: 14023: 14020: 13994: 13993: 13989:rẓag-n isafarn 13983:rẓag-t isafarn 13979: 13955: 13952: 13949: 13948: 13945: 13942: 13937: 13936:+ Imperfective 13922: 13921: 13918: 13911: 13906: 13905:+ Imperfective 13897: 13896: 13893: 13890:ad ur tt-amẓ-t 13886: 13883: 13882:+ Imperfective 13868: 13867: 13864: 13857: 13854: 13853:+ Imperfective 13845: 13844: 13841: 13834: 13831: 13827: 13826: 13821: 13808: 13803: 13794: 13793: 13788: 13783: 13778: 13774: 13773: 13770: 13763: 13762:negated future 13760: 13745: 13744: 13743:"don't take!" 13741: 13734: 13731: 13716: 13715: 13712: 13705: 13702: 13693: 13692: 13689: 13682: 13679: 13670: 13669: 13666: 13659: 13656: 13647: 13646: 13641: 13628: 13623: 13619: 13618: 13615: 13612: 13609: 13599: 13596: 13593: 13592: 13585: 13578: 13571: 13564: 13561: 13558: 13557: 13550: 13543: 13536: 13529: 13526: 13522: 13521: 13514: 13507: 13500: 13493: 13490: 13487: 13486: 13479: 13472: 13465: 13458: 13455: 13451: 13450: 13443: 13436: 13429: 13422: 13419: 13416: 13415: 13408: 13401: 13394: 13387: 13384: 13380: 13379: 13372: 13365: 13358: 13351: 13348: 13344: 13343: 13336: 13329: 13322: 13315: 13312: 13309: 13308: 13301: 13294: 13287: 13280: 13277: 13274: 13273: 13266: 13259: 13252: 13245: 13242: 13238: 13237: 13230: 13223: 13216: 13209: 13206: 13203: 13202: 13195: 13188: 13181: 13174: 13171: 13167: 13166: 13159: 13152: 13145: 13138: 13135: 13132: 13131: 13124: 13117: 13110: 13103: 13100: 13096: 13095: 13088: 13081: 13074: 13067: 13064: 13061: 13060: 13053: 13046: 13039: 13032: 13029: 13026: 13025: 13018: 13011: 13004: 12997: 12994: 12991: 12990: 12983: 12976: 12969: 12962: 12959: 12955: 12954: 12947: 12940: 12933: 12926: 12923: 12920: 12919: 12912: 12905: 12898: 12891: 12888: 12885: 12884: 12877: 12870: 12863: 12856: 12853: 12850: 12849: 12842: 12835: 12828: 12821: 12818: 12814: 12813: 12806: 12799: 12792: 12785: 12782: 12779: 12778: 12771: 12764: 12757: 12750: 12747: 12744: 12743: 12736: 12729: 12722: 12715: 12712: 12709: 12708: 12701: 12694: 12687: 12680: 12677: 12673: 12672: 12665: 12658: 12651: 12644: 12641: 12638: 12637: 12630: 12623: 12616: 12609: 12606: 12603: 12602: 12595: 12588: 12581: 12574: 12571: 12568: 12567: 12560: 12553: 12546: 12539: 12536: 12533: 12532: 12525: 12518: 12511: 12504: 12501: 12498: 12497: 12490: 12483: 12476: 12469: 12466: 12463: 12462: 12455: 12448: 12441: 12434: 12431: 12427: 12426: 12419: 12412: 12405: 12398: 12395: 12392: 12391: 12384: 12377: 12370: 12363: 12360: 12356: 12355: 12348: 12341: 12334: 12327: 12324: 12321: 12320: 12313: 12306: 12299: 12292: 12289: 12286: 12285: 12278: 12271: 12264: 12257: 12254: 12251: 12250: 12243: 12236: 12229: 12222: 12219: 12216: 12215: 12208: 12201: 12194: 12187: 12184: 12180: 12179: 12172: 12165: 12158: 12151: 12148: 12145: 12144: 12137: 12130: 12123: 12116: 12113: 12110: 12109: 12102: 12095: 12088: 12081: 12078: 12074: 12073: 12066: 12059: 12052: 12045: 12042: 12039: 12038: 12031: 12024: 12017: 12010: 12007: 12003: 12002: 11999: 11994: 11991: 11988: 11986: 11972: 11969: 11966: 11965: 11958: 11955: 11953: 11949: 11948: 11941: 11938: 11931: 11927: 11926: 11924: 11922: 11920: 11916: 11915: 11913: 11911: 11909: 11906: 11905: 11898: 11895: 11893: 11889: 11888: 11881: 11878: 11876: 11872: 11871: 11864: 11861: 11859: 11855: 11854: 11852: 11850: 11848: 11844: 11843: 11841: 11839: 11837: 11834: 11833: 11826: 11823: 11821: 11817: 11816: 11809: 11806: 11804: 11800: 11799: 11792: 11789: 11782: 11778: 11777: 11770: 11767: 11760: 11756: 11755: 11753: 11750: 11743: 11739: 11738: 11736: 11733: 11726: 11722: 11721: 11719: 11716: 11709: 11705: 11704: 11697: 11694: 11687: 11683: 11682: 11675: 11672: 11670: 11633: 11630: 11629: 11628: 11619: 11610: 11589: 11556: 11555: 11548: 11541: 11534: 11532: 11528: 11527: 11520: 11513: 11506: 11504: 11500: 11499: 11497: 11495: 11493: 11491: 11487: 11486: 11484: 11482: 11480: 11478: 11475: 11474: 11467: 11465: 11463: 11456: 11452: 11451: 11444: 11442: 11440: 11433: 11429: 11428: 11421: 11419: 11417: 11410: 11406: 11405: 11403: 11401: 11399: 11397: 11393: 11392: 11390: 11388: 11386: 11384: 11381: 11380: 11373: 11366: 11359: 11352: 11348: 11347: 11340: 11333: 11326: 11319: 11315: 11314: 11307: 11300: 11293: 11286: 11282: 11281: 11274: 11267: 11260: 11253: 11249: 11248: 11241: 11234: 11227: 11220: 11216: 11215: 11208: 11201: 11194: 11187: 11183: 11182: 11175: 11168: 11161: 11154: 11150: 11149: 11142: 11135: 11128: 11121: 11117: 11116: 11109: 11102: 11095: 11088: 11084: 11083: 11081: 11079: 11077: 11075: 11072: 11071: 11064: 11057: 11050: 11043: 11039: 11038: 11036: 11034: 11032: 11030: 11027: 11026: 11021: 11016: 11011: 11006: 10979: 10976: 10971: 10968: 10910: 10909: 10901: 10886: 10885: 10873:tis-kraṭṭ twal 10861: 10850: 10849: 10847: 10826: 10815: 10814: 10809: 10790: 10789: 10768: 10760: 10752: 10751: 10749: 10731: 10723: 10722: 10717: 10710: 10709: 10697:ussan gg°ranin 10693:which.are.last 10688: 10680: 10679: 10677: 10664:which.is.first 10659: 10651: 10650: 10645: 10643:"to be last": 10621: 10618: 10597: 10589: 10581: 10571: 10563: 10562: 10549: 10548: 10524: 10516: 10505: 10497: 10496: 10475: 10467: 10459: 10458: 10456: 10435: 10427: 10419: 10409: 10401: 10400: 10391:miya n wag°mar 10379: 10371: 10363: 10362: 10357: 10350: 10349: 10325: 10317: 10309: 10301: 10293: 10292: 10290: 10269: 10261: 10253: 10245: 10237: 10236: 10231: 10224: 10223: 10199: 10191: 10183: 10182: 10180: 10159: 10151: 10143: 10142: 10137: 10130: 10129: 10105: 10097: 10086: 10078: 10077: 10056: 10048: 10037: 10036: 10034: 10013: 10005: 9994: 9986: 9985: 9964: 9956: 9945: 9944: 9939: 9926: 9925: 9919:"two thousand" 9901: 9893: 9892: 9890: 9869: 9861: 9860: 9858: 9837: 9829: 9828: 9823: 9817: 9816: 9809: 9802: 9795: 9788: 9784: 9783: 9776: 9769: 9762: 9755: 9751: 9750: 9743: 9736: 9729: 9722: 9718: 9717: 9714: 9711: 9708: 9705: 9702: 9701: 9698: 9695: 9685: 9682: 9678: 9677: 9653: 9645: 9637: 9636: 9634: 9613: 9605: 9597: 9596: 9591: 9578: 9577: 9553: 9545: 9537: 9529: 9528: 9526: 9505: 9497: 9489: 9481: 9480: 9475: 9464: 9461: 9460: 9459: 9445: 9444:"two EA-years" 9435:sin y-sgg°as-n 9431: 9417: 9403: 9349: 9348: 9340: 9298: 9297: 9289: 9285:mnnaw wag°marn 9274: 9273: 9250: 9242: 9241: 9221: 9213: 9212: 9210: 9190: 9182: 9181: 9176:"one EA-horse" 9161: 9153: 9152: 9147: 9141: 9140: 9133: 9126: 9122: 9121: 9114: 9107: 9103: 9102: 9095: 9088: 9084: 9083: 9076: 9069: 9065: 9064: 9057: 9050: 9046: 9045: 9038: 9031: 9027: 9026: 9019: 9012: 9008: 9007: 9000: 8993: 8989: 8988: 8981: 8974: 8970: 8969: 8962: 8955: 8951: 8950: 8943: 8936: 8932: 8931: 8928: 8925: 8916: 8913: 8907: 8904: 8901: 8900: 8893: 8886: 8879: 8877: 8873: 8872: 8865: 8858: 8851: 8849: 8845: 8844: 8842: 8835: 8828: 8821: 8817: 8816: 8814: 8807: 8800: 8793: 8789: 8788: 8786: 8779: 8772: 8765: 8761: 8760: 8753: 8751: 8744: 8742: 8738: 8737: 8735: 8733: 8726: 8719: 8715: 8714: 8712: 8705: 8698: 8694: 8693: 8691: 8684: 8677: 8670: 8666: 8665: 8662: 8654: 8647: 8640: 8626: 8625: 8617: 8609: 8573: 8565: 8554: 8544: 8536: 8533:they.are.going 8528: 8525: 8524: 8492: 8484: 8474: 8466: 8458: 8447: 8439: 8436: 8435: 8399: 8391: 8383: 8375: 8367: 8359: 8351: 8341: 8330: 8327: 8326: 8300: 8292: 8284: 8276: 8266: 8258: 8255: 8254: 8234:ukccum n ktubr 8221: 8213: 8205: 8197: 8184: 8176: 8165: 8157: 8154: 8153: 8083: 8082: 8076: 8075: 8069: 8066: 8063: 8059: 8058: 8052: 8049: 8046: 8042: 8041: 8035: 8032: 8029: 8025: 8024: 8021: 8018: 8015: 8011: 8010: 8004: 8001: 7998: 7994: 7993: 7987: 7984: 7981: 7977: 7976: 7970: 7967: 7964: 7960: 7959: 7956: 7953: 7950: 7946: 7945: 7942: 7939: 7936: 7932: 7931: 7928: 7925: 7922: 7918: 7917: 7914: 7911: 7908: 7904: 7903: 7894: 7891: 7888: 7884: 7883: 7877: 7874: 7871: 7867: 7866: 7860: 7857: 7854: 7850: 7849: 7846: 7843: 7840: 7813: 7812: 7809: 7806: 7798: 7795: 7759: 7751: 7738: 7730: 7722: 7711: 7710: 7688: 7677: 7669: 7659: 7651: 7643: 7635: 7627: 7626: 7622: 7621: 7607: 7557: 7556: 7548: 7540: 7532: 7524: 7492: 7491: 7479: 7442:yut ar ttrwalɣ 7429: 7421: 7413: 7403: 7395: 7394: 7369: 7361: 7351: 7343: 7342: 7316: 7308: 7300: 7292: 7284: 7276: 7275: 7246: 7238: 7227: 7219: 7208: 7200: 7199: 7159: 7151: 7140: 7132: 7124: 7114: 7103: 7102: 7074: 7063: 7055: 7044: 7036: 7028: 7018: 7017: 7011: 7010: 7006: 7005: 6998: 6991: 6984: 6977: 6970: 6966: 6965: 6958: 6951: 6944: 6937: 6930: 6927: 6923: 6922: 6909: 6902: 6898: 6897: 6890: 6883: 6876: 6869: 6862: 6859: 6856: 6852: 6851: 6844: 6837: 6823: 6816: 6809: 6805: 6804: 6797: 6790: 6776: 6769: 6762: 6759: 6755: 6754: 6747: 6740: 6733: 6726: 6719: 6715: 6714: 6707: 6700: 6693: 6686: 6679: 6676: 6673: 6669: 6668: 6661: 6657: 6656: 6649: 6642: 6635: 6628: 6621: 6618: 6614: 6613: 6599: 6592: 6578: 6571: 6564: 6561: 6557: 6556: 6553: 6550: 6547: 6544: 6541: 6533: 6532: 6529: 6522: 6521: 6518: 6515: 6507: 6504: 6503: 6502: 6497:"then he gave 6486: 6470: 6427: 6424: 6423: 6422: 6414: 6402: 6401: 6387: 6373: 6359: 6345: 6331: 6313: 6312: 6298: 6297:"an aubergine" 6284: 6270: 6252: 6251: 6237: 6223: 6205: 6204: 6203:"small garden" 6190: 6176: 6162: 6148: 6130: 6129: 6115: 6097: 6096: 6082: 6068: 6054: 6040: 6026: 5992: 5989: 5977:wan uɣu smmiḍn 5968: 5957: 5949: 5948: 5947: 5946: 5936: 5935: 5921: 5912: 5911: 5900: 5899: 5869: 5861: 5860: 5858: 5831: 5823: 5822: 5817: 5816: 5815: 5804: 5803: 5773: 5765: 5754: 5753: 5751: 5724: 5716: 5705: 5704: 5699: 5698: 5697: 5686: 5685: 5664: 5656: 5645: 5644: 5642: 5624: 5613: 5605: 5604: 5599: 5598: 5597: 5589: 5586: 5570: 5569: 5555: 5537: 5536: 5521: 5484: 5483: 5468: 5437: 5436: 5421: 5400: 5397: 5377:(man's name), 5347:, for example 5312: 5311: 5303: 5295: 5287: 5286:"index finger" 5279: 5271: 5263: 5255: 5247: 5234: 5231: 5230: 5229: 5221: 5213: 5205: 5197: 5185: 5184: 5170: 5156: 5142: 5124: 5123: 5122:"Tizegzaouine" 5115: 5107: 5106:" Irhoreïsene" 5099: 5066: 5065: 5051: 5031: 5030: 5027: 5020: 5013: 5009: 5008: 5005: 4998: 4991: 4987: 4986: 4983: 4976: 4969: 4965: 4964: 4961: 4954: 4947: 4943: 4942: 4939: 4932: 4925: 4921: 4920: 4917: 4910: 4903: 4899: 4898: 4895: 4888: 4881: 4877: 4876: 4873: 4866: 4859: 4855: 4854: 4851: 4844: 4837: 4833: 4832: 4829: 4822: 4815: 4811: 4810: 4807: 4800: 4793: 4789: 4788: 4785: 4778: 4771: 4767: 4766: 4763: 4756: 4749: 4745: 4744: 4741: 4738:t-i-ɣaws+iw-in 4734: 4727: 4723: 4722: 4719: 4712: 4705: 4701: 4700: 4697: 4690: 4683: 4679: 4678: 4675: 4668: 4661: 4657: 4656: 4653: 4646: 4639: 4635: 4634: 4631: 4624: 4617: 4613: 4612: 4609: 4602: 4595: 4591: 4590: 4587: 4580: 4573: 4569: 4568: 4565: 4558: 4551: 4547: 4546: 4543: 4536: 4529: 4525: 4524: 4521: 4514: 4507: 4503: 4502: 4499: 4492: 4485: 4481: 4480: 4477: 4470: 4463: 4459: 4458: 4455: 4448: 4441: 4437: 4436: 4433: 4426: 4419: 4415: 4414: 4411: 4404: 4397: 4393: 4392: 4389: 4382: 4375: 4371: 4370: 4367: 4360: 4353: 4349: 4348: 4345: 4342: 4339: 4295: 4294: 4267: 4264: 4257: 4238: 4237: 4229: 4199: 4198: 4185: 4166: 4165: 4158: 4151: 4148: 4141: 4134: 4126: 4125: 4118: 4111: 4108: 4101: 4094: 4090: 4089: 4082: 4075: 4072: 4065: 4058: 4054: 4053: 4046: 4039: 4036: 4029: 4022: 4018: 4017: 4010: 4003: 4000: 3993: 3986: 3982: 3981: 3978: 3975: 3972: 3968: 3967: 3964: 3962: 3959: 3912: 3911: 3890: 3865: 3864: 3850: 3730: 3729: 3721: 3713: 3705: 3697: 3689: 3676: 3673: 3669: 3668: 3665: 3662: 3654: 3651: 3643: 3640: 3604: 3603: 3600: 3597: 3595: 3592: 3589: 3586: 3583: 3581: 3578: 3575: 3572: 3569: 3567: 3564: 3561: 3557: 3556: 3553: 3550: 3548: 3545: 3542: 3539: 3536: 3534: 3531: 3528: 3525: 3522: 3520: 3517: 3514: 3510: 3509: 3506: 3503: 3501: 3498: 3495: 3492: 3489: 3487: 3484: 3481: 3478: 3475: 3473: 3470: 3467: 3463: 3462: 3459: 3456: 3454: 3451: 3448: 3445: 3442: 3440: 3437: 3434: 3431: 3428: 3426: 3423: 3420: 3416: 3415: 3412: 3409: 3407: 3404: 3401: 3398: 3395: 3393: 3390: 3387: 3384: 3381: 3379: 3376: 3373: 3354: 3337: 3319: 3318: 3315: 3312: 3309: 3292: 3289: 3288: 3287: 3266: 3258: 3250: 3242: 3239: 3238: 3223: 3222: 3214: 3206: 3198: 3180: 3179: 3176: 3173: 3170: 3166: 3165: 3162: 3159: 3156: 3152: 3151: 3148: 3145: 3142: 3138: 3137: 3135: 3133: 3130: 3119: 3118: 3115: 3114:English trans 3111: 3110: 3107: 3104: 3101: 3098: 3095: 3092: 3089: 3086: 3083: 3080: 3077: 3074: 3071: 3068: 3065: 3061: 3060: 3057: 3054: 3051: 3048: 3045: 3042: 3039: 3036: 3033: 3030: 3027: 3024: 3021: 3018: 3015: 3012: 3009: 3006: 3003: 3000: 2997: 2994: 2991: 2987: 2986: 2983: 2980: 2977: 2974: 2971: 2968: 2965: 2962: 2959: 2956: 2953: 2949: 2948: 2945: 2942: 2939: 2936: 2933: 2930: 2927: 2924: 2921: 2918: 2915: 2914:Gloss of text 2911: 2910: 2907: 2897: 2896: 2847: 2843: 2842: 2785: 2781: 2780: 2775: 2750: 2742: 2731: 2723: 2715: 2707: 2699: 2688: 2680: 2672: 2664: 2661: 2660: 2654: 2653:Syllable types 2651: 2639: 2636: 2567: 2559: 2556: 2555: 2549: 2548: 2545: 2538: 2533: 2526: 2520: 2519: 2516: 2515:brown buzzard 2513: 2508: 2505: 2499: 2498: 2495: 2492: 2489: 2485: 2484: 2481: 2478: 2463: 2460: 2364: 2361: 2342:pharyngealized 2313: 2312: 2310: 2308: 2306: 2304: 2302: 2300: 2298: 2290: 2283: 2281: 2275: 2274: 2272: 2270: 2268: 2266: 2259: 2257: 2247: 2239: 2232: 2230: 2224: 2223: 2213: 2203: 2195: 2185: 2183: 2181: 2171: 2163: 2156: 2154: 2146: 2145: 2143: 2133: 2125: 2115: 2113: 2111: 2101: 2093: 2086: 2079: 2074: 2068: 2067: 2065: 2063: 2061: 2059: 2051: 2044: 2042: 2034: 2027: 2020: 2012: 2011: 2009: 2007: 1999: 1992: 1984: 1977: 1975: 1967: 1960: 1958: 1953: 1947: 1946: 1944: 1942: 1940: 1938: 1936: 1934: 1932: 1930: 1923: 1916: 1910: 1909: 1904: 1901: 1896: 1893: 1888: 1884: 1883: 1878: 1871: 1866: 1861: 1854: 1849: 1844: 1824: 1821: 1763: 1760: 1744: 1743: 1741: 1734: 1732: 1726: 1725: 1718: 1716: 1709: 1703: 1702: 1697: 1692: 1687: 1635: 1632: 1627: 1624: 1616: 1613: 1499:Saïd Cid Kaoui 1481: 1478: 1426:Main article: 1423: 1420: 1418:is also used. 1388:Main article: 1385: 1382: 1369: 1366: 1359: 1358: 1354: 1353: 1351: 1348: 1343: 1339: 1338: 1334: 1333: 1331: 1328: 1323: 1319: 1318: 1314: 1313: 1311: 1308: 1303: 1299: 1298: 1294: 1293: 1291: 1288: 1283: 1279: 1278: 1274: 1273: 1271: 1268: 1263: 1259: 1258: 1254: 1253: 1251: 1248: 1243: 1239: 1238: 1234: 1233: 1231: 1228: 1223: 1219: 1218: 1214: 1213: 1211: 1208: 1203: 1199: 1198: 1194: 1193: 1191: 1188: 1183: 1179: 1178: 1174: 1173: 1171: 1168: 1163: 1159: 1158: 1153: 1150: 1147: 1123: 1122: 1081: 1079: 1072: 1050: 1047: 832:). The ending 741: 738: 439: 438: 397: 395: 388: 381: 380: 375: 371: 370: 359: 355: 354: 343: 335: 334: 321:, you may see 307: 306: 299: 298: 290: 289: 282: 274: 273: 266: 258: 257: 256:Language codes 253: 252: 239: 235:Writing system 232: 229: 228: 227: 226: 219: 215: 214: 212: 211: 210: 209: 208: 207: 206: 205: 181: 179: 172: 169: 168: 165: 162: 159: 158: 153: 149: 148: 134:Marrakech-Safi 130:Drâa-Tafilalet 119: 115: 114: 109: 108:Native to 105: 104: 65: 61: 60: 47: 46: 42: 41: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 21386: 21375: 21372: 21370: 21367: 21365: 21362: 21360: 21357: 21356: 21354: 21346: 21334: 21331: 21329: 21327: 21322: 21320: 21319: 21315: 21313: 21312: 21308: 21306: 21305: 21301: 21300: 21297: 21291: 21288: 21286: 21283: 21282: 21280: 21278: 21274: 21268: 21265: 21263: 21260: 21258: 21255: 21254: 21252: 21250: 21246: 21232: 21231:African Latin 21229: 21228: 21226: 21222: 21216: 21213: 21211: 21208: 21206: 21203: 21202: 21200: 21198: 21194: 21191: 21189: 21185: 21175: 21172: 21170: 21167: 21165: 21162: 21160: 21157: 21156: 21154: 21152: 21148: 21142: 21139: 21137: 21134: 21132: 21129: 21127: 21124: 21122: 21119: 21117: 21116:Central Atlas 21114: 21113: 21111: 21109: 21105: 21102: 21100: 21096: 21086: 21083: 21082: 21080: 21076: 21070: 21067: 21065: 21062: 21060: 21057: 21056: 21054: 21052: 21048: 21042: 21039: 21037: 21034: 21033: 21031: 21029: 21025: 21022: 21020: 21016: 21013: 21011: 21007: 21001: 20998: 20996: 20993: 20992: 20990: 20988: 20984: 20980: 20973: 20968: 20966: 20961: 20959: 20954: 20953: 20950: 20940: 20936: 20931: 20921: 20918: 20916: 20913: 20911: 20908: 20907: 20905: 20901: 20895: 20892: 20890: 20889:DNAFLA (Mali) 20887: 20885: 20882: 20880: 20879:HCA (Algeria) 20877: 20875: 20872: 20871: 20869: 20865: 20862: 20858: 20852: 20849: 20847: 20844: 20842: 20839: 20837: 20834: 20832: 20829: 20828: 20826: 20824: 20820: 20812: 20811: 20810:West Numidian 20807: 20805: 20804: 20800: 20798: 20797: 20793: 20791: 20790: 20789:East Numidian 20786: 20785: 20784: 20783: 20779: 20776: 20775: 20771: 20770: 20768: 20764: 20758: 20755: 20753: 20750: 20749: 20747: 20745: 20741: 20735: 20732: 20730: 20727: 20725: 20722: 20720: 20717: 20716: 20714: 20712: 20708: 20698: 20695: 20693: 20690: 20689: 20687: 20685: 20681: 20673: 20670: 20668: 20665: 20663: 20660: 20658: 20655: 20654: 20653: 20650: 20646: 20643: 20641: 20638: 20636: 20633: 20631: 20628: 20626: 20625: 20621: 20619: 20618:Central Atlas 20616: 20615: 20614: 20611: 20610: 20608: 20604: 20596: 20593: 20591: 20588: 20586: 20583: 20582: 20581: 20578: 20574: 20571: 20569: 20566: 20564: 20563: 20559: 20557: 20554: 20552: 20549: 20548: 20546: 20543: 20541: 20538: 20534: 20531: 20529: 20526: 20524: 20521: 20519: 20516: 20514: 20511: 20510: 20509: 20506: 20502: 20499: 20497: 20494: 20492: 20489: 20487: 20484: 20482: 20479: 20477: 20474: 20472: 20469: 20468: 20467: 20464: 20460: 20457: 20455: 20452: 20451: 20449: 20446: 20445: 20443: 20441: 20437: 20434: 20432: 20428: 20422: 20419: 20415: 20412: 20410: 20407: 20405: 20402: 20400: 20397: 20396: 20395: 20392: 20390: 20387: 20385: 20384: 20380: 20378: 20375: 20371: 20368: 20366: 20363: 20361: 20358: 20357: 20356: 20353: 20351: 20348: 20347: 20345: 20343: 20339: 20333: 20332: 20328: 20327: 20325: 20323:Reconstructed 20321: 20317: 20310: 20305: 20303: 20298: 20296: 20291: 20290: 20287: 20279:from Wikidata 20278: 20277: 20265: 20261: 20260: 20248: 20244: 20243: 20231: 20227: 20226: 20214: 20210: 20209: 20197: 20196: 20193: 20187: 20179: 20176: 20175: 20166: 20162: 20159:(350 KB) 20151: 20147: 20144:(140 KB) 20136: 20132: 20129:(690 KB) 20121: 20117: 20116: 20106: 20102: 20098: 20093: 20089: 20088: 20082: 20078: 20077: 20071: 20067: 20063: 20059: 20054: 20050: 20045: 20041: 20035: 20031: 20026: 20022: 20020:3-89645-388-2 20016: 20012: 20007: 20003: 20001:3-89645-384-X 19997: 19993: 19988: 19984: 19982:3-89645-383-1 19978: 19974: 19969: 19965: 19963:3-89645-381-5 19959: 19955: 19950: 19946: 19944:2-7449-0263-2 19940: 19936: 19931: 19927: 19921: 19917: 19912: 19908: 19902: 19898: 19893: 19889: 19884: 19880: 19874: 19870: 19865: 19861: 19855: 19851: 19850: 19844: 19840: 19836: 19832: 19828: 19824: 19820: 19816: 19811: 19807: 19805:2-85744-826-0 19801: 19797: 19792: 19788: 19787: 19781: 19777: 19773: 19769: 19763: 19759: 19758: 19752: 19748: 19742: 19738: 19733: 19729: 19723: 19719: 19714: 19710: 19709: 19703: 19699: 19694: 19690: 19685: 19681: 19676: 19672: 19668: 19664: 19660: 19656: 19652: 19645: 19640: 19636: 19632: 19628: 19624: 19620: 19616: 19612: 19608: 19601: 19596: 19592: 19586: 19578: 19576:1-57506-017-5 19572: 19568: 19563: 19559: 19553: 19549: 19544: 19540: 19534: 19530: 19525: 19521: 19516: 19512: 19511: 19505: 19501: 19499:9789068317503 19495: 19491: 19486: 19482: 19477: 19473: 19468: 19464: 19459: 19455: 19454: 19448: 19444: 19439: 19435: 19433:2-252-01415-6 19429: 19425: 19420: 19416: 19414:2-222-04057-4 19410: 19406: 19401: 19397: 19395:0-87840-007-9 19391: 19387: 19382: 19378: 19372: 19368: 19363: 19359: 19354: 19350: 19345: 19338: 19337: 19331: 19327: 19321: 19317: 19312: 19308: 19302: 19298: 19293: 19289: 19285: 19281: 19277: 19273: 19269: 19264: 19260: 19254: 19246: 19244:9981-832-03-0 19240: 19236: 19231: 19227: 19226: 19220: 19216: 19210: 19206: 19201: 19197: 19191: 19187: 19182: 19178: 19173: 19168: 19163: 19159: 19155: 19151: 19147: 19140: 19135: 19131: 19125: 19121: 19116: 19112: 19106: 19102: 19097: 19093: 19091:2-906809-18-7 19087: 19083: 19078: 19074: 19072:90-6258-971-5 19068: 19064: 19059: 19055: 19051: 19044: 19039: 19035: 19033:2-910728-03-X 19029: 19025: 19020: 19016: 19011: 19007: 19006: 19000: 18996: 18991: 18987: 18985:2-85744-960-7 18981: 18977: 18972: 18969:(4): i–xliii. 18968: 18964: 18960: 18955: 18954: 18942: 18938: 18934: 18930: 18926: 18922: 18918: 18911: 18903: 18899: 18895: 18891: 18887: 18883: 18879: 18875: 18871: 18864: 18855: 18847: 18843: 18839: 18833: 18829: 18828: 18820: 18812: 18806: 18798: 18794: 18790: 18784: 18780: 18779: 18771: 18763: 18757: 18756:Lɛqayd n ddin 18750: 18741: 18733: 18727: 18719: 18715: 18711: 18705: 18701: 18700: 18692: 18684: 18678: 18670: 18666: 18662: 18656: 18652: 18651: 18643: 18635: 18629: 18621: 18617: 18613: 18607: 18603: 18602: 18594: 18586: 18580: 18574: 18568: 18561: 18553: 18547: 18543:"to be hot", 18541: 18534: 18525: 18516: 18507: 18498: 18489: 18481: 18474: 18465: 18456: 18447: 18438: 18429: 18420: 18411: 18404: 18400: 18394: 18386: 18380: 18376: 18369: 18367: 18365: 18363: 18353: 18344: 18335: 18326: 18318: 18314: 18310: 18306: 18302: 18298: 18293: 18288: 18284: 18280: 18276: 18269: 18261: 18257: 18253: 18247: 18243: 18242: 18234: 18232: 18223: 18219: 18215: 18209: 18205: 18204: 18196: 18188: 18184: 18180: 18176: 18172: 18168: 18163: 18158: 18154: 18150: 18146: 18139: 18130: 18110: 18104: 18090: 18083: 18074: 18065: 18056: 18049: 18045: 18039: 18035: 18031: 18027: 18020: 18007: 18001: 17997: 17993: 17989: 17985: 17978: 17970: 17966: 17959: 17951: 17950:Baḥr al-Dumūʿ 17944: 17936: 17930: 17926: 17919: 17911: 17907: 17903: 17899: 17895: 17891: 17887: 17880: 17872: 17866: 17862: 17855: 17841:on 2005-07-30 17840: 17836: 17829: 17821: 17817: 17813: 17809: 17805: 17802:(in French). 17801: 17797: 17790: 17788: 17779: 17775: 17771: 17765: 17761: 17760: 17752: 17743: 17734: 17719: 17715: 17708: 17699: 17691: 17690:Baḥr al-Dumūʿ 17684: 17675: 17666: 17657: 17650: 17644: 17635: 17627: 17621: 17620: 17615: 17610: 17606: 17591: 17583: 17582:lɛid n tfaska 17576: 17568: 17561: 17552: 17544: 17538: 17532: 17525: 17517: 17511: 17504: 17496: 17495:tikki y-ɛḍm-n 17490: 17489:tikki t-ɛḍm-t 17484: 17477: 17468: 17460: 17454: 17448: 17442: 17436: 17430: 17423: 17414: 17404: 17381: 17359: 17355: 17347: 17344: 17338: 17332: 17326: 17320: 17317: 17311: 17305: 17300: 17290: 17286: 17283: 17277: 17271: 17265: 17259: 17254: 17250: 17246: 17242: 17237: 17232: 17227: 17221: 17215: 17209: 17203: 17197: 17191: 17185: 17183: 17179: 17174: 17172: 17168: 17164: 17160: 17154: 17139: 17135: 17132: 17129: 17125: 17122: 17117: 17114: 17108: 17105: 17102: 17098: 17092: 17087: 17084: 17079: 17076: 17073: 17070: 17066: 17060: 17055: 17052: 17047: 17042: 17036: 17033: 17030: 17026: 17020: 17015: 17012: 17007: 17006: 17002: 16999: 16993: 16987: 16981: 16975: 16969: 16962: 16959: 16956: 16952: 16946: 16941: 16938: 16933: 16928: 16922: 16919: 16916: 16912: 16909: 16904: 16901: 16895: 16892: 16889: 16885: 16879: 16874: 16871: 16866: 16863: 16859:The feminine 16856: 16854: 16852: 16847: 16843: 16841: 16836: 16831: 16828: 16823: 16817: 16812: 16809: 16803: 16801: 16798: 16794: 16791: 16786: 16783: 16778: 16772: 16767: 16764: 16759: 16756: 16745: 16741: 16739: 16734: 16731: 16727: 16721: 16716: 16713: 16708: 16703: 16697: 16694: 16691: 16687: 16681: 16676: 16673: 16668: 16665: 16662: 16659: 16655: 16649: 16644: 16641: 16635: 16632: 16629: 16625: 16619: 16614: 16611: 16606: 16603: 16598: 16597: 16593: 16590: 16584: 16578: 16564: 16558: 16552: 16548: 16545: 16539: 16535: 16534: 16533: 16530: 16521: 16520:argaz gg°rgaz 16515: 16511: 16507: 16501: 16497: 16496: 16495: 16492: 16486: 16480: 16470: 16466: 16462: 16458: 16454: 16450: 16446: 16442: 16438: 16434: 16430: 16426: 16423: 16418: 16414: 16413: 16412: 16409: 16403: 16399:then becomes 16397: 16386: 16382: 16379: 16375: 16372: 16371: 16367: 16363: 16360: 16356: 16353: 16352: 16342: 16339: 16336: 16332: 16329: 16326: 16322: 16319: 16314: 16311: 16306: 16303: 16298: 16295: 16290: 16287: 16279: 16275: 16272: 16269: 16265: 16259: 16254: 16251: 16246: 16243: 16237: 16234: 16231: 16227: 16224: 16219: 16216: 16211: 16208: 16202: 16199: 16196: 16192: 16186: 16181: 16178: 16173: 16170: 16165: 16157: 16154: 16150: 16149: 16145: 16142: 16138: 16137: 16133: 16130: 16126: 16125: 16121: 16118: 16114: 16113: 16109: 16106: 16102: 16101: 16097: 16094: 16090: 16089: 16085: 16082: 16078: 16077: 16073: 16070: 16066: 16065: 16058: 16053: 16050: 16042: 16040: 16037: 16033: 16030: 16029: 16025: 16023: 16020: 16016: 16013: 16012: 16008: 16006: 16003: 15999: 15996: 15995: 15991: 15989: 15986: 15982: 15979: 15978: 15974: 15971: 15967: 15964: 15960: 15957: 15956: 15952: 15949: 15945: 15942: 15938: 15935: 15934: 15930: 15927: 15923: 15920: 15916: 15913: 15912: 15909: 15906: 15902: 15899: 15895: 15892: 15891: 15888: 15885: 15881: 15878: 15874: 15871: 15870: 15867: 15864: 15860: 15857: 15853: 15850: 15849: 15845: 15836: 15833: 15830: 15817: 15814: 15811: 15807: 15804: 15801: 15793: 15787: 15782: 15779: 15774: 15771: 15762: 15759: 15756: 15752: 15749: 15746: 15738: 15732: 15727: 15724: 15719: 15716: 15711: 15705: 15697: 15694: 15688: 15681: 15678: 15675: 15671: 15665: 15660: 15657: 15652: 15649: 15640: 15637: 15634: 15630: 15627: 15622: 15616: 15611: 15608: 15600: 15597: 15591: 15584: 15581: 15578: 15574: 15571: 15566: 15563: 15558: 15555: 15550: 15547: 15542: 15539: 15530: 15527: 15524: 15520: 15517: 15512: 15509: 15504: 15498: 15493: 15490: 15485: 15482: 15474: 15471: 15464: 15461: 15458: 15454: 15451: 15446: 15443: 15438: 15435: 15430: 15427: 15422: 15419: 15410: 15407: 15400: 15397: 15393: 15390: 15385: 15379: 15374: 15371: 15366: 15365:it.is.growing 15363: 15358: 15352: 15347: 15344: 15336: 15334: 15329: 15323: 15316: 15313: 15310: 15306: 15303: 15298: 15295: 15290: 15287: 15282: 15276: 15271: 15268: 15263: 15260: 15255: 15252: 15243: 15240: 15237: 15233: 15227: 15222: 15219: 15214: 15211: 15206: 15203: 15195: 15183: 15182:tik°yaḍ nnsnt 15179: 15175: 15171: 15167: 15163: 15159: 15155: 15151: 15147: 15143: 15139: 15137:"her opinion" 15135: 15131: 15129:"his clothes" 15127: 15123: 15119: 15115: 15111: 15107: 15103: 15099: 15095: 15091: 15087: 15083: 15082: 15081: 15078: 15072: 15066: 15061: 15056: 15046: 15045:asngar m Miṣr 15040: 15036: 15034:"orange tree" 15032: 15026: 15022: 15018: 15012: 15008: 15004: 14998: 14994: 14990: 14989:aḍbib y yisan 14984: 14980: 14976: 14970: 14966: 14965: 14964: 14961: 14955: 14949: 14943: 14937: 14927: 14923: 14919: 14915: 14914: 14913: 14906: 14902: 14898: 14894: 14890: 14886: 14882: 14878: 14877: 14876: 14869: 14868:lqqiṣt n Yusf 14865: 14861: 14860:ddin n Wudayn 14857: 14853: 14849: 14845: 14841: 14837: 14833: 14831:"after lunch" 14829: 14825: 14821: 14820:atig n usngar 14817: 14813: 14812:imikk n tisnt 14809: 14805: 14801: 14797: 14793: 14789: 14785: 14781: 14777: 14776: 14775: 14772: 14766: 14749: 14746: 14739: 14736: 14734: 14728: 14725: 14720: 14714: 14709: 14706: 14701: 14698: 14697: 14691: 14688: 14683: 14680: 14671: 14668: 14665: 14663: 14657: 14651: 14646: 14643: 14638: 14635: 14630: 14627: 14626: 14620: 14617: 14612: 14609: 14601: 14598: 14592: 14585: 14582: 14579: 14577: 14571: 14565: 14560: 14557: 14552: 14546: 14541: 14538: 14537: 14531: 14528: 14523: 14517: 14512: 14509: 14504: 14501: 14492: 14489: 14482: 14479: 14477: 14471: 14468: 14463: 14460: 14455: 14452: 14447: 14444: 14439: 14433: 14428: 14425: 14420: 14417: 14416: 14410: 14407: 14399: 14396: 14390: 14383: 14380: 14373: 14370: 14368: 14362: 14359: 14354: 14348: 14343: 14340: 14335: 14332: 14327: 14321: 14320: 14314: 14311: 14306: 14303: 14298: 14295: 14290: 14287: 14278: 14275: 14272: 14270: 14264: 14261: 14256: 14253: 14252: 14246: 14240: 14235: 14232: 14227: 14224: 14219: 14216: 14208: 14205: 14199: 14183: 14179: 14176: 14172: 14169: 14165: 14162: 14161: 14157: 14153: 14150: 14146: 14143: 14139: 14136: 14135: 14131: 14127: 14124: 14120: 14117: 14113: 14111:"be big, old" 14110: 14109: 14105: 14101: 14098: 14094: 14091: 14087: 14084: 14083: 14079: 14075: 14072: 14068: 14065: 14061: 14058: 14057: 14053: 14049: 14046: 14042: 14039: 14035: 14032: 14031: 14028:Imperfective 14027: 14024: 14021: 14019: 14018: 14015: 14012: 14006: 14005:adrar mqqur-n 14000: 13990: 13984: 13980: 13976: 13970: 13966: 13965: 13964: 13961: 13960:stative verbs 13954:Stative verbs 13946: 13943: 13938: 13934: 13928: 13924: 13923: 13919: 13916: 13912: 13907: 13903: 13899: 13898: 13894: 13891: 13887: 13884: 13880: 13874: 13870: 13869: 13865: 13862: 13858: 13855: 13851: 13847: 13846: 13842: 13839: 13835: 13832: 13829: 13828: 13822: 13819: 13813: 13809: 13807:negated state 13804: 13800: 13796: 13795: 13789: 13784: 13779: 13776: 13775: 13771: 13768: 13764: 13761: 13757: 13751: 13747: 13746: 13742: 13739: 13738:ad ur t-amẓ-t 13735: 13732: 13728: 13722: 13718: 13717: 13713: 13710: 13706: 13703: 13699: 13695: 13694: 13690: 13687: 13683: 13680: 13676: 13672: 13671: 13667: 13664: 13660: 13657: 13653: 13649: 13648: 13642: 13639: 13633: 13629: 13624: 13621: 13620: 13616: 13613: 13610: 13607: 13606: 13603: 13590: 13586: 13583: 13579: 13576: 13572: 13569: 13565: 13562: 13560: 13559: 13555: 13551: 13548: 13544: 13541: 13537: 13534: 13530: 13527: 13524: 13523: 13519: 13515: 13512: 13508: 13505: 13501: 13498: 13494: 13491: 13489: 13488: 13484: 13480: 13477: 13473: 13470: 13466: 13463: 13459: 13456: 13453: 13452: 13448: 13444: 13441: 13437: 13434: 13430: 13427: 13423: 13420: 13418: 13417: 13413: 13409: 13406: 13402: 13399: 13395: 13392: 13388: 13385: 13382: 13381: 13377: 13373: 13370: 13366: 13363: 13359: 13356: 13352: 13349: 13346: 13345: 13341: 13337: 13334: 13330: 13327: 13323: 13320: 13316: 13313: 13311: 13310: 13306: 13302: 13299: 13295: 13292: 13288: 13285: 13281: 13278: 13276: 13275: 13271: 13267: 13264: 13260: 13257: 13253: 13250: 13246: 13243: 13240: 13239: 13235: 13231: 13228: 13224: 13221: 13217: 13214: 13210: 13207: 13205: 13204: 13200: 13196: 13193: 13189: 13186: 13182: 13179: 13175: 13172: 13169: 13168: 13164: 13160: 13157: 13153: 13150: 13146: 13143: 13139: 13136: 13134: 13133: 13129: 13125: 13122: 13118: 13115: 13111: 13108: 13104: 13101: 13098: 13097: 13093: 13089: 13086: 13082: 13079: 13075: 13072: 13068: 13065: 13063: 13062: 13058: 13054: 13051: 13047: 13044: 13040: 13037: 13033: 13030: 13028: 13027: 13023: 13019: 13016: 13012: 13009: 13005: 13002: 12998: 12995: 12993: 12992: 12988: 12984: 12981: 12977: 12974: 12970: 12967: 12963: 12960: 12957: 12956: 12952: 12948: 12945: 12941: 12938: 12934: 12931: 12927: 12924: 12922: 12921: 12917: 12913: 12910: 12906: 12903: 12899: 12896: 12892: 12889: 12887: 12886: 12882: 12878: 12875: 12871: 12868: 12864: 12861: 12857: 12854: 12852: 12851: 12847: 12843: 12840: 12836: 12833: 12829: 12826: 12822: 12819: 12816: 12815: 12811: 12807: 12804: 12800: 12797: 12793: 12790: 12786: 12783: 12781: 12780: 12776: 12772: 12769: 12765: 12762: 12758: 12755: 12751: 12748: 12746: 12745: 12741: 12737: 12734: 12730: 12727: 12723: 12720: 12716: 12713: 12711: 12710: 12706: 12702: 12699: 12695: 12692: 12688: 12685: 12681: 12678: 12675: 12674: 12670: 12666: 12663: 12659: 12656: 12652: 12649: 12645: 12642: 12640: 12639: 12635: 12631: 12628: 12624: 12621: 12617: 12614: 12610: 12607: 12605: 12604: 12600: 12596: 12593: 12589: 12586: 12582: 12579: 12575: 12572: 12570: 12569: 12565: 12561: 12558: 12554: 12551: 12547: 12544: 12540: 12537: 12535: 12534: 12530: 12526: 12523: 12519: 12516: 12512: 12509: 12505: 12502: 12500: 12499: 12495: 12491: 12488: 12484: 12481: 12477: 12474: 12470: 12467: 12465: 12464: 12460: 12456: 12453: 12449: 12446: 12442: 12439: 12435: 12432: 12429: 12428: 12424: 12420: 12417: 12413: 12410: 12406: 12403: 12399: 12396: 12394: 12393: 12389: 12385: 12382: 12378: 12375: 12371: 12368: 12364: 12361: 12358: 12357: 12353: 12349: 12346: 12342: 12339: 12335: 12332: 12328: 12325: 12323: 12322: 12318: 12314: 12311: 12307: 12304: 12300: 12297: 12293: 12290: 12288: 12287: 12283: 12282:addr, tt-bdar 12279: 12276: 12272: 12269: 12265: 12262: 12258: 12255: 12253: 12252: 12248: 12244: 12241: 12237: 12234: 12230: 12227: 12223: 12220: 12218: 12217: 12213: 12209: 12206: 12202: 12199: 12195: 12192: 12188: 12185: 12182: 12181: 12177: 12173: 12170: 12166: 12163: 12159: 12156: 12152: 12149: 12147: 12146: 12142: 12138: 12135: 12131: 12128: 12124: 12121: 12117: 12114: 12112: 12111: 12107: 12103: 12100: 12096: 12093: 12089: 12086: 12082: 12079: 12076: 12075: 12071: 12067: 12064: 12060: 12057: 12053: 12050: 12046: 12043: 12041: 12040: 12036: 12032: 12029: 12025: 12022: 12018: 12015: 12011: 12008: 12005: 12004: 12001:Imperfective 12000: 11995: 11992: 11989: 11987: 11985: 11984: 11981: 11978: 11977:citation form 11963: 11959: 11954: 11951: 11950: 11946: 11942: 11936: 11929: 11928: 11925: 11923: 11921: 11918: 11917: 11914: 11912: 11910: 11908: 11907: 11903: 11899: 11894: 11891: 11890: 11886: 11882: 11877: 11874: 11873: 11869: 11865: 11860: 11857: 11856: 11853: 11851: 11849: 11846: 11845: 11842: 11840: 11838: 11836: 11835: 11831: 11827: 11822: 11819: 11818: 11814: 11810: 11805: 11802: 11801: 11797: 11793: 11787: 11780: 11779: 11775: 11771: 11765: 11758: 11757: 11754: 11748: 11741: 11740: 11737: 11731: 11724: 11723: 11720: 11714: 11707: 11706: 11702: 11698: 11692: 11685: 11684: 11680: 11667: 11664: 11661: 11657:"who gives", 11655: 11649: 11643: 11637: 11625: 11621:Imperfective 11620: 11616: 11611: 11607: 11601: 11595: 11590: 11586: 11580: 11574: 11569: 11568: 11567: 11564: 11553: 11549: 11546: 11542: 11539: 11535: 11533: 11530: 11529: 11525: 11521: 11518: 11514: 11511: 11507: 11505: 11502: 11501: 11498: 11496: 11494: 11492: 11489: 11488: 11485: 11483: 11481: 11479: 11477: 11476: 11472: 11468: 11466: 11464: 11461: 11457: 11454: 11453: 11449: 11445: 11443: 11441: 11438: 11434: 11431: 11430: 11426: 11422: 11420: 11418: 11415: 11411: 11408: 11407: 11404: 11402: 11400: 11398: 11395: 11394: 11391: 11389: 11387: 11385: 11383: 11382: 11378: 11374: 11371: 11367: 11364: 11360: 11357: 11353: 11350: 11349: 11345: 11341: 11338: 11334: 11331: 11327: 11324: 11320: 11317: 11316: 11312: 11308: 11305: 11301: 11298: 11294: 11291: 11287: 11284: 11283: 11279: 11275: 11272: 11268: 11265: 11261: 11258: 11254: 11251: 11250: 11246: 11242: 11239: 11235: 11232: 11228: 11225: 11221: 11218: 11217: 11213: 11209: 11206: 11202: 11199: 11195: 11192: 11188: 11185: 11184: 11180: 11176: 11173: 11169: 11166: 11162: 11159: 11155: 11152: 11151: 11147: 11143: 11140: 11136: 11133: 11129: 11126: 11122: 11119: 11118: 11114: 11110: 11107: 11103: 11100: 11096: 11093: 11089: 11086: 11085: 11082: 11080: 11078: 11076: 11074: 11073: 11069: 11065: 11062: 11058: 11055: 11051: 11048: 11044: 11041: 11040: 11037: 11035: 11033: 11031: 11029: 11028: 11025: 11022: 11017: 11015: 11012: 11010: 11007: 11005: 11004: 11001: 10998: 10992: 10986: 10975: 10967: 10964: 10958: 10952: 10946: 10940: 10934: 10928: 10922: 10916: 10906: 10902: 10898: 10894: 10893: 10892: 10884: 10880: 10877: 10874: 10870: 10864: 10859: 10853: 10848: 10845: 10842: 10839: 10835: 10829: 10824: 10818: 10813: 10812: 10808: 10805: 10799: 10788: 10784: 10781: 10778: 10774: 10771: 10766: 10763: 10758: 10755: 10750: 10747: 10744: 10741: 10737: 10736:the.first.one 10734: 10729: 10726: 10721: 10720: 10716: 10708: 10704: 10701: 10698: 10694: 10691: 10686: 10683: 10678: 10675: 10672: 10669: 10665: 10662: 10657: 10654: 10649: 10648: 10644: 10641: 10635: 10630: 10626: 10616: 10613: 10610: 10606: 10600: 10595: 10592: 10587: 10584: 10579: 10574: 10569: 10566: 10561: 10558: 10547: 10543: 10540: 10537: 10533: 10527: 10522: 10519: 10514: 10508: 10503: 10500: 10494: 10491: 10488: 10487:alf n tfunast 10484: 10478: 10473: 10470: 10465: 10462: 10457: 10454: 10451: 10448: 10444: 10438: 10433: 10430: 10425: 10422: 10417: 10412: 10407: 10404: 10398: 10395: 10392: 10388: 10382: 10377: 10374: 10369: 10366: 10361: 10360: 10356: 10348: 10344: 10341: 10338: 10334: 10328: 10323: 10320: 10315: 10312: 10307: 10304: 10299: 10296: 10291: 10288: 10285: 10282: 10278: 10272: 10267: 10264: 10259: 10256: 10251: 10248: 10243: 10240: 10235: 10234: 10230: 10222: 10218: 10217:"twenty cows" 10215: 10212: 10208: 10202: 10197: 10194: 10189: 10186: 10181: 10178: 10175: 10172: 10168: 10162: 10157: 10154: 10149: 10146: 10141: 10140: 10136: 10128: 10124: 10121: 10118: 10114: 10108: 10103: 10100: 10095: 10089: 10084: 10081: 10075: 10072: 10069: 10068:ifḍ n tfunast 10065: 10059: 10054: 10051: 10046: 10040: 10035: 10032: 10029: 10026: 10022: 10016: 10011: 10008: 10003: 9997: 9992: 9989: 9983: 9980: 9977: 9973: 9967: 9962: 9959: 9954: 9948: 9943: 9942: 9938: 9935: 9924: 9920: 9917: 9914: 9910: 9904: 9899: 9896: 9891: 9888: 9887:"two hundred" 9885: 9882: 9878: 9872: 9867: 9864: 9859: 9856: 9853: 9850: 9846: 9840: 9835: 9832: 9827: 9826: 9822: 9814: 9810: 9807: 9803: 9800: 9796: 9793: 9789: 9786: 9785: 9781: 9777: 9774: 9770: 9767: 9763: 9760: 9756: 9753: 9752: 9748: 9744: 9741: 9737: 9734: 9730: 9727: 9723: 9720: 9719: 9715: 9712: 9709: 9706: 9704: 9703: 9693: 9690: 9676: 9672: 9671:"twelve cows" 9669: 9666: 9662: 9656: 9651: 9648: 9643: 9640: 9635: 9632: 9629: 9626: 9622: 9616: 9611: 9608: 9603: 9600: 9595: 9594: 9590: 9587: 9576: 9572: 9571:"twelve cows" 9569: 9566: 9562: 9556: 9551: 9548: 9543: 9540: 9535: 9532: 9527: 9524: 9521: 9518: 9514: 9508: 9503: 9500: 9495: 9492: 9487: 9484: 9479: 9478: 9474: 9471: 9456: 9450: 9446: 9442: 9436: 9432: 9428: 9422: 9418: 9416:"one EA-year" 9414: 9408: 9404: 9400: 9394: 9390: 9389: 9388: 9385: 9379: 9373: 9367: 9361: 9357:of masculine 9355: 9345: 9341: 9337: 9333: 9332: 9331: 9328: 9322: 9316: 9310: 9304: 9294: 9290: 9286: 9282: 9281: 9280: 9272: 9268: 9266: 9265:"two EA-cows" 9263: 9262:snat tfunasin 9259: 9253: 9248: 9245: 9239: 9237: 9234: 9230: 9224: 9219: 9216: 9211: 9208: 9206: 9203: 9199: 9193: 9188: 9185: 9179: 9177: 9174: 9170: 9164: 9159: 9156: 9151: 9150: 9146: 9138: 9134: 9131: 9127: 9124: 9123: 9119: 9115: 9112: 9108: 9105: 9104: 9100: 9096: 9093: 9089: 9086: 9085: 9081: 9077: 9074: 9070: 9067: 9066: 9062: 9058: 9055: 9051: 9048: 9047: 9043: 9039: 9036: 9032: 9029: 9028: 9024: 9020: 9017: 9013: 9010: 9009: 9005: 9001: 8998: 8994: 8991: 8990: 8986: 8982: 8979: 8975: 8972: 8971: 8967: 8963: 8960: 8956: 8953: 8952: 8948: 8944: 8941: 8937: 8934: 8933: 8923: 8920: 8912: 8898: 8897:giznt, gidsnt 8894: 8891: 8887: 8884: 8880: 8878: 8875: 8874: 8870: 8866: 8863: 8859: 8856: 8852: 8850: 8847: 8846: 8843: 8840: 8836: 8833: 8829: 8826: 8822: 8819: 8818: 8815: 8812: 8808: 8805: 8801: 8798: 8794: 8791: 8790: 8787: 8784: 8780: 8777: 8773: 8770: 8766: 8763: 8762: 8758: 8757:giz, gid, git 8754: 8752: 8749: 8745: 8743: 8740: 8739: 8736: 8734: 8731: 8727: 8724: 8720: 8717: 8716: 8713: 8710: 8706: 8703: 8699: 8696: 8695: 8692: 8689: 8685: 8682: 8678: 8675: 8671: 8668: 8667: 8660: 8652: 8645: 8638: 8635: 8632: 8622: 8618: 8614: 8610: 8606: 8602: 8601: 8600: 8596: 8593: 8590: 8588: 8582: 8576: 8571: 8568: 8563: 8557: 8552: 8549: 8548: 8542: 8539: 8534: 8531: 8522: 8519: 8512: 8509: 8507: 8501: 8495: 8490: 8487: 8482: 8479: 8478: 8472: 8469: 8464: 8461: 8456: 8450: 8445: 8442: 8434: 8430: 8427: 8421: 8416: 8413: 8411: 8405: 8402: 8401:(independent) 8397: 8394: 8389: 8386: 8381: 8378: 8373: 8370: 8365: 8362: 8357: 8354: 8349: 8346: 8345: 8339: 8333: 8324: 8322: 8317: 8314: 8313:ar ssan lqhwa 8312: 8306: 8303: 8298: 8295: 8290: 8287: 8282: 8279: 8274: 8271: 8270: 8264: 8261: 8252: 8249: 8243: 8238: 8235: 8233: 8227: 8224: 8219: 8216: 8211: 8208: 8203: 8200: 8195: 8189: 8188: 8182: 8179: 8174: 8168: 8163: 8160: 8152: 8149: 8143: 8140: 8134: 8128: 8122: 8116: 8113: 8107: 8101: 8095: 8090: 8077: 8073: 8070: 8067: 8064: 8061: 8060: 8056: 8053: 8050: 8047: 8044: 8043: 8039: 8036: 8033: 8030: 8027: 8026: 8022: 8019: 8016: 8013: 8012: 8008: 8005: 8002: 7999: 7996: 7995: 7991: 7988: 7985: 7982: 7979: 7978: 7974: 7971: 7968: 7965: 7962: 7961: 7957: 7954: 7951: 7948: 7947: 7943: 7940: 7937: 7934: 7933: 7929: 7926: 7923: 7920: 7919: 7915: 7913:ddaw-, ddawa- 7912: 7909: 7906: 7905: 7900: 7895: 7892: 7889: 7886: 7885: 7881: 7878: 7875: 7872: 7869: 7868: 7864: 7861: 7858: 7855: 7852: 7851: 7837: 7834: 7831: 7825: 7821:(independent 7819: 7810: 7807: 7804: 7803: 7802: 7794: 7792: 7786: 7783: 7776: 7773: 7771: 7765: 7762: 7757: 7754: 7749: 7743: 7742: 7736: 7733: 7728: 7725: 7720: 7714: 7708: 7705: 7702: 7700: 7694: 7691: 7686: 7680: 7675: 7672: 7667: 7664: 7663: 7657: 7654: 7649: 7646: 7641: 7638: 7633: 7630: 7625: 7618: 7612: 7608: 7604: 7598: 7594: 7593: 7592: 7589: 7583: 7577: 7571: 7566: 7562: 7553: 7549: 7545: 7541: 7537: 7533: 7529: 7525: 7521: 7517: 7516: 7515: 7512: 7506: 7501: 7497: 7488: 7486: 7480: 7476: 7474: 7468: 7467: 7466: 7463: 7456: 7453: 7446: 7443: 7441: 7435: 7432: 7427: 7424: 7419: 7416: 7411: 7408: 7407: 7401: 7398: 7392: 7389: 7386: 7384: 7378: 7372: 7367: 7364: 7359: 7356: 7355: 7349: 7346: 7341: 7337: 7334: 7331: 7330: 7324: 7321: 7320: 7314: 7311: 7306: 7303: 7298: 7295: 7290: 7287: 7282: 7279: 7273: 7270: 7267: 7265: 7261: 7255: 7252: 7250: 7244: 7241: 7236: 7230: 7225: 7222: 7217: 7214: 7212: 7206: 7203: 7198: 7195: 7189: 7182: 7179: 7176: 7174: 7168: 7162: 7157: 7154: 7149: 7143: 7138: 7135: 7130: 7127: 7122: 7119: 7118: 7112: 7106: 7100: 7097: 7090: 7087: 7085: 7080: 7077: 7072: 7066: 7061: 7058: 7053: 7047: 7042: 7039: 7034: 7031: 7026: 7023: 7022: 7016: 7007: 7003: 6999: 6996: 6992: 6989: 6985: 6982: 6978: 6975: 6971: 6968: 6967: 6963: 6959: 6956: 6952: 6949: 6945: 6942: 6938: 6935: 6931: 6928: 6924: 6920: 6914: 6910: 6907: 6903: 6900: 6899: 6895: 6888: 6881: 6874: 6870: 6867: 6863: 6860: 6853: 6849: 6845: 6842: 6838: 6835: 6829: 6824: 6821: 6817: 6814: 6810: 6807: 6806: 6802: 6798: 6795: 6791: 6788: 6782: 6777: 6774: 6770: 6767: 6763: 6760: 6756: 6752: 6748: 6745: 6741: 6738: 6734: 6731: 6727: 6724: 6720: 6717: 6716: 6712: 6708: 6705: 6701: 6698: 6694: 6691: 6687: 6684: 6680: 6677: 6670: 6666: 6662: 6659: 6658: 6654: 6647: 6640: 6633: 6626: 6622: 6619: 6615: 6611: 6605: 6600: 6597: 6593: 6590: 6584: 6579: 6576: 6572: 6569: 6565: 6558: 6554: 6551: 6548: 6545: 6542: 6539: 6536: 6530: 6527: 6526: 6525: 6519: 6516: 6513: 6512: 6511: 6500: 6495: 6493: 6487: 6484: 6479: 6477: 6471: 6468: 6463: 6461: 6455: 6454: 6453: 6450: 6445: 6440: 6434: 6419: 6415: 6411: 6407: 6406: 6405: 6400:"brotherhood" 6398: 6392: 6388: 6384: 6378: 6374: 6370: 6364: 6360: 6356: 6350: 6346: 6342: 6336: 6332: 6328: 6324:"Dutchman" → 6322: 6318: 6317: 6316: 6309: 6303: 6299: 6295: 6289: 6285: 6281: 6275: 6271: 6267: 6261: 6257: 6256: 6255: 6248: 6244:"fan palm" → 6242: 6238: 6236:"large house" 6234: 6228: 6224: 6220: 6214: 6210: 6209: 6208: 6201: 6195: 6191: 6187: 6181: 6177: 6173: 6167: 6163: 6159: 6153: 6149: 6147:"small stone" 6145: 6139: 6135: 6134: 6133: 6126: 6120: 6116: 6114:"woman, wife" 6112: 6106: 6102: 6101: 6100: 6093: 6089:"moufflon" → 6087: 6083: 6079: 6073: 6069: 6065: 6059: 6055: 6051: 6047:"twin boy" → 6045: 6041: 6037: 6031: 6027: 6023: 6017: 6013: 6012: 6011: 6008: 6005: 5999: 5988: 5984: 5981: 5978: 5974: 5973:which.is.cold 5971: 5966: 5960: 5955: 5952: 5943: 5938: 5937: 5932: 5926: 5922: 5918: 5914: 5913: 5909: 5905: 5904: 5898: 5894: 5891: 5885: 5882: 5878: 5872: 5867: 5864: 5859: 5856: 5853: 5847: 5844: 5843:kraṭṭ tmkilin 5840: 5834: 5829: 5826: 5821: 5820: 5813: 5809: 5808: 5802: 5798: 5795: 5789: 5786: 5782: 5776: 5771: 5768: 5763: 5757: 5752: 5749: 5746: 5740: 5737: 5733: 5727: 5722: 5719: 5714: 5708: 5703: 5702: 5695: 5691: 5690: 5684: 5680: 5677: 5674: 5670: 5667: 5662: 5659: 5654: 5648: 5643: 5640: 5637: 5634: 5630: 5627: 5622: 5616: 5611: 5608: 5603: 5602: 5595: 5594: 5593: 5585: 5582: 5576: 5566: 5560: 5556: 5552: 5546: 5542: 5541: 5540: 5533: 5527: 5522: 5518: 5512: 5507: 5506: 5505: 5502: 5496: 5490: 5480: 5474: 5469: 5465: 5459: 5454: 5453: 5452: 5449: 5443: 5433: 5427: 5422: 5418: 5412: 5407: 5406: 5405: 5396: 5393: 5387: 5381: 5375: 5369: 5366: 5360: 5354: 5351: 5345: 5339: 5336: 5330: 5324: 5318: 5308: 5304: 5300: 5296: 5292: 5288: 5284: 5280: 5276: 5272: 5268: 5264: 5260: 5256: 5252: 5248: 5244: 5240: 5239: 5238: 5226: 5222: 5218: 5214: 5210: 5206: 5202: 5198: 5194: 5190: 5189: 5188: 5181: 5175: 5171: 5167: 5161: 5157: 5153: 5147: 5143: 5139: 5133: 5129: 5128: 5127: 5120: 5116: 5112: 5108: 5104: 5100: 5096: 5092: 5091: 5090: 5087: 5084: 5078: 5072: 5062: 5056: 5052: 5048: 5042: 5038: 5037: 5036: 5028: 5025: 5021: 5018: 5014: 5011: 5010: 5006: 5003: 4999: 4996: 4992: 4989: 4988: 4984: 4981: 4977: 4974: 4970: 4967: 4966: 4962: 4959: 4955: 4952: 4948: 4945: 4944: 4941:vowel change 4940: 4937: 4933: 4930: 4926: 4923: 4922: 4918: 4915: 4911: 4908: 4904: 4901: 4900: 4897:vowel change 4896: 4893: 4889: 4886: 4882: 4879: 4878: 4875:vowel change 4874: 4871: 4867: 4864: 4860: 4857: 4856: 4853:vowel change 4852: 4849: 4845: 4842: 4838: 4835: 4834: 4830: 4827: 4823: 4820: 4816: 4813: 4812: 4808: 4805: 4801: 4798: 4794: 4791: 4790: 4786: 4783: 4779: 4776: 4772: 4769: 4768: 4764: 4761: 4757: 4754: 4750: 4747: 4746: 4742: 4739: 4735: 4732: 4728: 4725: 4724: 4720: 4717: 4713: 4710: 4706: 4703: 4702: 4698: 4695: 4691: 4688: 4684: 4681: 4680: 4676: 4673: 4669: 4666: 4662: 4659: 4658: 4654: 4651: 4647: 4644: 4640: 4637: 4636: 4632: 4629: 4625: 4622: 4618: 4615: 4614: 4610: 4607: 4603: 4600: 4596: 4593: 4592: 4588: 4585: 4581: 4578: 4574: 4571: 4570: 4566: 4563: 4559: 4556: 4552: 4549: 4548: 4544: 4541: 4537: 4534: 4530: 4527: 4526: 4522: 4519: 4515: 4512: 4508: 4505: 4504: 4500: 4497: 4493: 4490: 4486: 4483: 4482: 4478: 4475: 4471: 4468: 4464: 4461: 4460: 4457:vowel change 4456: 4453: 4449: 4446: 4442: 4439: 4438: 4434: 4431: 4427: 4424: 4420: 4417: 4416: 4413:vowel change 4412: 4409: 4405: 4402: 4398: 4395: 4394: 4390: 4387: 4383: 4380: 4376: 4373: 4372: 4368: 4365: 4361: 4358: 4354: 4351: 4350: 4337: 4334: 4331: 4328: 4322: 4316: 4310: 4304: 4301: 4291: 4285: 4279: 4273: 4268: 4265: 4262: 4258: 4254: 4248: 4243: 4242: 4241: 4234: 4230: 4226: 4222: 4221: 4220: 4217: 4211: 4205: 4196: 4190: 4186: 4183: 4177: 4173: 4172: 4171: 4163: 4159: 4156: 4152: 4149: 4146: 4142: 4139: 4135: 4132: 4128: 4127: 4123: 4119: 4116: 4112: 4109: 4106: 4102: 4099: 4095: 4092: 4091: 4087: 4083: 4080: 4076: 4073: 4070: 4066: 4063: 4059: 4056: 4055: 4051: 4047: 4044: 4040: 4037: 4034: 4030: 4027: 4023: 4020: 4019: 4015: 4011: 4008: 4004: 4001: 3998: 3994: 3991: 3987: 3984: 3983: 3969: 3957: 3954: 3951: 3945: 3939: 3933: 3927: 3921: 3915: 3908: 3902: 3896: 3891: 3887: 3881: 3875: 3870: 3869: 3868: 3862: 3856: 3851: 3848: 3842: 3837: 3836: 3835: 3832: 3826: 3823: 3817: 3811: 3805: 3802: 3796: 3790: 3784: 3778: 3772: 3766: 3760: 3753: 3751: 3747: 3742: 3736: 3726: 3722: 3718: 3714: 3710: 3706: 3702: 3698: 3694: 3690: 3686: 3682: 3681: 3680: 3672: 3666: 3663: 3660: 3659: 3658: 3649: 3639: 3636: 3630: 3624: 3618: 3612: 3601: 3598: 3596: 3593: 3590: 3587: 3584: 3582: 3579: 3576: 3573: 3570: 3568: 3565: 3562: 3559: 3558: 3554: 3551: 3549: 3546: 3543: 3540: 3537: 3535: 3532: 3529: 3526: 3523: 3521: 3518: 3515: 3512: 3511: 3507: 3504: 3502: 3499: 3496: 3493: 3490: 3488: 3485: 3482: 3479: 3476: 3474: 3471: 3468: 3465: 3464: 3460: 3457: 3455: 3452: 3449: 3446: 3443: 3441: 3438: 3435: 3432: 3429: 3427: 3424: 3421: 3418: 3417: 3408: 3394: 3380: 3371: 3368: 3363: 3350: 3348: 3335: 3333: 3328: 3325: 3316: 3313: 3310: 3307: 3306: 3305: 3302: 3299: 3285: 3284: 3282: 3279: 3276: 3272: 3269: 3264: 3261: 3256: 3253: 3248: 3245: 3237: 3233: 3230: 3219: 3215: 3211: 3207: 3203: 3199: 3195: 3191: 3190: 3189: 3186: 3177: 3174: 3171: 3168: 3167: 3163: 3160: 3157: 3154: 3153: 3149: 3146: 3143: 3140: 3139: 3127: 3124: 3113: 3112: 3105: 3096: 3081: 3072: 3063: 3062: 3058: 3055: 3052: 3046: 3043: 3040: 3037: 3034: 3025: 3019: 3016: 3013: 3010: 3007: 3004: 3001: 2995: 2992: 2989: 2988: 2981: 2957: 2951: 2950: 2943: 2919: 2913: 2912: 2906: 2905: 2902: 2848: 2845: 2844: 2786: 2783: 2782: 2776: 2774: 2773: 2769: 2766: 2763: 2759: 2753: 2748: 2745: 2740: 2734: 2729: 2726: 2721: 2718: 2713: 2710: 2705: 2702: 2697: 2691: 2686: 2683: 2678: 2675: 2670: 2667: 2659: 2650: 2647: 2635: 2632: 2626: 2620: 2614: 2608: 2602: 2596: 2590: 2583: 2580: 2579:owner of=farm 2577: 2576:bab n=l-firma 2573: 2570: 2565: 2562: 2554: 2546: 2543: 2539: 2537: 2534: 2531: 2527: 2525: 2522: 2521: 2517: 2514: 2512: 2509: 2506: 2504: 2501: 2500: 2496: 2493: 2490: 2487: 2486: 2475: 2470: 2467: 2459: 2456: 2450: 2444: 2438: 2432: 2429: 2423: 2409: 2403: 2397: 2391: 2385: 2360: 2358: 2354: 2351: 2347: 2343: 2338: 2335: 2325: 2311: 2309: 2307: 2305: 2303: 2301: 2299: 2291: 2288: 2284: 2282: 2280: 2276: 2273: 2271: 2269: 2267: 2264: 2260: 2258: 2252: 2248: 2240: 2237: 2233: 2231: 2229: 2225: 2218: 2214: 2208: 2204: 2196: 2190: 2186: 2184: 2182: 2176: 2172: 2164: 2161: 2157: 2155: 2153: 2148: 2147: 2144: 2138: 2134: 2126: 2120: 2116: 2114: 2112: 2106: 2102: 2094: 2091: 2087: 2084: 2080: 2075: 2073: 2069: 2066: 2064: 2062: 2060: 2052: 2049: 2045: 2043: 2035: 2032: 2028: 2025: 2021: 2019: 2014: 2013: 2010: 2008: 2000: 1997: 1993: 1985: 1982: 1978: 1976: 1968: 1965: 1961: 1959: 1954: 1952: 1948: 1945: 1943: 1941: 1939: 1937: 1935: 1933: 1931: 1928: 1924: 1921: 1917: 1915: 1911: 1908: 1905: 1902: 1900: 1897: 1894: 1892: 1889: 1886: 1885: 1882: 1877: 1870: 1865: 1860: 1853: 1848: 1842: 1839: 1820: 1818: 1814: 1783: 1780: 1774: 1769: 1759: 1756: 1742: 1739: 1735: 1733: 1731: 1728: 1727: 1723: 1719: 1717: 1714: 1710: 1708: 1705: 1704: 1701: 1698: 1696: 1693: 1691: 1688: 1686: 1685: 1682: 1679: 1673: 1667: 1661: 1655: 1649: 1643: 1631: 1622: 1612: 1610: 1604: 1602: 1598: 1594: 1593:Lionel Galand 1583: 1581: 1577: 1572: 1569: 1563: 1560: 1554: 1549: 1545: 1542: 1537: 1533: 1531: 1526: 1521: 1516: 1513: 1508: 1504: 1500: 1495: 1492: 1487: 1477: 1474: 1471: 1470:Baḥr al-Dumūʿ 1466: 1461: 1456: 1445: 1444:lɛulum n ddin 1438: 1435: 1429: 1419: 1417: 1413: 1412:Arabic script 1405: 1401: 1396: 1391: 1381: 1379: 1374: 1365: 1352: 1349: 1347: 1344: 1341: 1340: 1332: 1329: 1327: 1324: 1321: 1320: 1312: 1309: 1307: 1304: 1301: 1300: 1292: 1289: 1287: 1284: 1281: 1280: 1272: 1269: 1267: 1264: 1261: 1260: 1252: 1249: 1247: 1244: 1241: 1240: 1232: 1229: 1227: 1224: 1221: 1220: 1212: 1209: 1207: 1204: 1201: 1200: 1192: 1189: 1187: 1184: 1181: 1180: 1172: 1169: 1167: 1164: 1161: 1160: 1144: 1141: 1137: 1133: 1129: 1119: 1116: 1108: 1098: 1094: 1088: 1087: 1082:This section 1080: 1076: 1071: 1070: 1063: 1055: 1046: 1043: 1037: 1031: 1025: 1019: 1014: 1013:pars pro toto 1009: 1003: 1000: 995: 990: 984: 977: 971: 965: 962: 956: 950: 944: 939: 935: 931: 926: 920: 914: 908: 902: 899: 893: 887: 881: 875: 869: 863: 857: 851: 845: 841: 840:Arabic suffix 836: 831: 826: 820: 814: 811: 805: 800: 796: 791: 786: 781: 775: 769: 766: 760: 754: 748: 737: 735: 730: 728: 724: 723:United States 720: 716: 712: 708: 704: 700: 696: 693:, there is a 692: 688: 684: 679: 677: 673: 669: 665: 661: 657: 653: 649: 645: 641: 637: 633: 628: 625: 619: 613: 608: 604: 600: 596: 592: 587: 578: 574: 570: 569: 560: 524: 520: 515: 510: 506: 505: 496: 468: 460: 435: 432: 424: 414: 410: 404: 403: 398:This section 396: 392: 387: 386: 379: 376: 372: 368: 363: 360: 356: 352: 347: 344: 340: 332: 328: 324: 320: 316: 314: 308: 296: 291: 287: 283: 281: 280: 275: 271: 267: 264: 259: 254: 251: 247: 243: 240: 236: 230: 225: 222: 221: 220: 216: 204: 201: 200: 199: 196: 195: 194: 191: 190: 189: 186: 185: 184: 180: 176: 170: 166: 160: 157: 154: 150: 147: 143: 139: 135: 131: 127: 123: 120: 116: 113: 110: 106: 101: 66: 64:Pronunciation 62: 48: 43: 38: 33: 19: 21344: 21332: 21323: 21316: 21309: 21302: 21126:Judeo-Berber 21120: 21028:Pre-Hilalian 20934: 20894:CRB (France) 20867:Governmental 20860:Institutions 20808: 20801: 20794: 20787: 20780: 20772: 20684:Standardised 20644: 20635:Judeo-Berber 20622: 20560: 20381: 20331:Proto-Berber 20329: 20274: 20262:of Knowledge 20257: 20240: 20228:from Commons 20223: 20206: 20185: 20104: 20100: 20086: 20075: 20065: 20061: 20048: 20029: 20010: 19991: 19972: 19953: 19934: 19915: 19896: 19887: 19868: 19848: 19822: 19818: 19795: 19785: 19756: 19736: 19717: 19707: 19697: 19688: 19679: 19654: 19650: 19610: 19606: 19566: 19547: 19528: 19519: 19509: 19489: 19480: 19471: 19462: 19452: 19442: 19423: 19404: 19385: 19366: 19357: 19348: 19335: 19315: 19296: 19271: 19267: 19234: 19224: 19204: 19185: 19176: 19149: 19145: 19119: 19100: 19081: 19062: 19053: 19049: 19023: 19014: 19004: 18994: 18975: 18966: 18962: 18924: 18920: 18910: 18877: 18873: 18863: 18854: 18826: 18819: 18777: 18770: 18749: 18740: 18698: 18691: 18649: 18642: 18600: 18593: 18560: 18533: 18524: 18515: 18506: 18497: 18488: 18473: 18464: 18455: 18446: 18437: 18428: 18419: 18410: 18398: 18393: 18374: 18352: 18343: 18334: 18325: 18282: 18278: 18268: 18240: 18202: 18195: 18152: 18148: 18138: 18129: 18112:"my money", 18082: 18073: 18064: 18055: 18047: 18025: 18019: 18009:, retrieved 17987: 17977: 17968: 17964: 17958: 17943: 17924: 17918: 17893: 17889: 17879: 17860: 17854: 17843:. Retrieved 17839:the original 17828: 17803: 17799: 17758: 17751: 17742: 17733: 17722:. Retrieved 17717: 17707: 17698: 17683: 17674: 17665: 17656: 17643: 17634: 17617: 17609: 17590: 17575: 17560: 17551: 17524: 17503: 17476: 17467: 17450:"women" and 17422: 17413: 17403: 17358: 17328:(cf. Shilha 17321: 17296: 17287: 17253:qorbān Pesaḥ 17252: 17249:paschal lamb 17244: 17186: 17182:Salem Chaker 17175: 17171:Roman empire 17156: 17137: 17133: 17130: 17127: 17123: 17115: 17106: 17103: 17100: 17093: 17085: 17074: 17071: 17068: 17061: 17053: 17043: 17034: 17031: 17028: 17021: 17013: 16964: 16960: 16957: 16955:id mm ifalan 16954: 16947: 16939: 16929: 16920: 16917: 16914: 16910: 16902: 16893: 16890: 16887: 16880: 16872: 16858: 16855: 16848: 16845: 16837: 16829: 16818: 16810: 16802: 16799: 16796: 16792: 16784: 16773: 16765: 16751: 16743: 16735: 16732: 16729: 16722: 16714: 16704: 16695: 16692: 16689: 16682: 16674: 16663: 16660: 16657: 16650: 16642: 16633: 16630: 16627: 16620: 16612: 16604: 16573: 16526: 16475: 16422:famous saint 16392: 16337: 16334: 16330: 16327: 16324: 16320: 16312: 16304: 16297:he.possesses 16296: 16288: 16277: 16273: 16270: 16267: 16260: 16252: 16245:daughter-its 16244: 16235: 16232: 16229: 16225: 16217: 16209: 16200: 16197: 16194: 16187: 16179: 16171: 16163: 16062:"my sister" 16048: 16043:Arabic loan 15992:Arabic loan 15824: 15815: 15812: 15809: 15805: 15796: 15788: 15780: 15772: 15760: 15757: 15754: 15750: 15741: 15733: 15725: 15718:it.possesses 15717: 15706: 15683: 15679: 15676: 15673: 15666: 15658: 15651:they.possess 15650: 15638: 15635: 15632: 15628: 15617: 15609: 15586: 15582: 15579: 15576: 15572: 15564: 15556: 15548: 15540: 15528: 15525: 15522: 15518: 15510: 15499: 15491: 15484:he.possesses 15483: 15466: 15462: 15459: 15456: 15452: 15444: 15436: 15428: 15420: 15401: 15398: 15395: 15391: 15380: 15372: 15364: 15353: 15345: 15318: 15314: 15311: 15308: 15304: 15296: 15288: 15277: 15269: 15261: 15253: 15241: 15238: 15235: 15228: 15220: 15212: 15204: 15193: 15158:tawwuri nnun 15051: 14932: 14911: 14874: 14788:imi n tsraft 14761: 14740: 14737: 14732: 14730: 14726: 14715: 14707: 14699: 14695: 14689: 14681: 14669: 14666: 14664:ɣ yan uqqrab 14661: 14659: 14652: 14644: 14636: 14628: 14624: 14618: 14610: 14587: 14583: 14580: 14578:ixf n izimmr 14575: 14573: 14566: 14558: 14547: 14539: 14535: 14529: 14518: 14510: 14503:he.descended 14502: 14483: 14480: 14475: 14473: 14469: 14461: 14453: 14445: 14434: 14426: 14418: 14414: 14408: 14385: 14374: 14371: 14366: 14364: 14360: 14349: 14341: 14333: 14322: 14318: 14312: 14304: 14296: 14288: 14276: 14273: 14268: 14266: 14262: 14254: 14250: 14241: 14233: 14225: 14217: 14194: 13995: 13957: 13830:Imperfective 13767:ur ray y-amẓ 13658:non-realized 13617:Translation 13601: 12740:fttu, tt-ftu 11974: 11663:"who give". 11638: 11635: 11559: 11311:ar t-akka-mt 11024:Imperfective 10981: 10973: 10911: 10890: 10882: 10878: 10875: 10872: 10865: 10854: 10843: 10840: 10837: 10830: 10819: 10794: 10786: 10782: 10779: 10776: 10773:the.last.one 10772: 10764: 10756: 10745: 10742: 10740:aḍrf amzwaru 10739: 10735: 10727: 10714: 10706: 10702: 10699: 10696: 10692: 10684: 10673: 10670: 10667: 10663: 10655: 10628: 10624: 10623: 10615:"forty cows" 10614: 10611: 10608: 10601: 10593: 10585: 10575: 10567: 10553: 10545: 10541: 10538: 10535: 10528: 10520: 10509: 10501: 10492: 10489: 10486: 10479: 10471: 10463: 10452: 10449: 10446: 10439: 10431: 10423: 10413: 10405: 10396: 10393: 10390: 10383: 10375: 10367: 10354: 10346: 10342: 10339: 10336: 10329: 10321: 10313: 10305: 10297: 10286: 10283: 10280: 10273: 10265: 10257: 10249: 10241: 10228: 10220: 10216: 10213: 10210: 10203: 10195: 10187: 10176: 10173: 10170: 10163: 10155: 10147: 10134: 10126: 10122: 10119: 10116: 10109: 10101: 10090: 10082: 10073: 10070: 10067: 10060: 10052: 10041: 10030: 10027: 10024: 10017: 10009: 9998: 9990: 9981: 9978: 9975: 9968: 9960: 9949: 9930: 9922: 9918: 9915: 9912: 9905: 9897: 9886: 9883: 9880: 9873: 9865: 9854: 9851: 9849:snat tmrawin 9848: 9841: 9833: 9820: 9787:"a thousand" 9687: 9674: 9670: 9667: 9664: 9657: 9649: 9641: 9630: 9627: 9624: 9617: 9609: 9601: 9582: 9574: 9570: 9567: 9564: 9557: 9549: 9541: 9533: 9522: 9519: 9516: 9509: 9501: 9493: 9485: 9466: 9407:yan w-sgg°as 9402:"one EA-day" 9350: 9344:ur ksuḍɣ yat 9299: 9278: 9270: 9267: 9264: 9261: 9254: 9246: 9238: 9235: 9233:sin wag°marn 9232: 9225: 9217: 9207: 9205:"one EA-cow" 9204: 9201: 9194: 9186: 9178: 9175: 9172: 9165: 9157: 9144: 8918: 8909: 8627: 8598: 8594: 8591: 8586: 8584: 8577: 8569: 8558: 8550: 8546: 8540: 8532: 8513: 8510: 8505: 8503: 8496: 8488: 8480: 8476: 8471:it.is.living 8470: 8462: 8451: 8443: 8432: 8419: 8418:"an orchard 8417: 8414: 8409: 8407: 8403: 8400: 8395: 8387: 8379: 8371: 8363: 8355: 8347: 8343: 8334: 8320: 8318: 8315: 8310: 8308: 8304: 8301: 8296: 8288: 8280: 8272: 8268: 8262: 8241: 8239: 8236: 8231: 8229: 8225: 8222: 8217: 8209: 8201: 8190: 8186: 8180: 8169: 8161: 8144: 8117: 8109:"after" and 8086: 8079:— inexistent 8038:instrumental 7992:: "for, to" 7842:Independent 7814: 7800: 7797:Prepositions 7788: 7777: 7774: 7769: 7767: 7763: 7755: 7744: 7740: 7734: 7726: 7715: 7706: 7703: 7698: 7696: 7692: 7685:-possessions 7681: 7673: 7665: 7661: 7655: 7647: 7639: 7631: 7623: 7558: 7500:presentative 7495: 7493: 7484: 7472: 7458: 7447: 7444: 7439: 7437: 7433: 7425: 7417: 7409: 7405: 7399: 7390: 7387: 7382: 7380: 7373: 7365: 7357: 7353: 7347: 7339: 7335: 7332: 7328: 7326: 7322: 7318: 7312: 7304: 7296: 7289:it.is.likely 7288: 7280: 7271: 7268: 7263: 7259: 7257: 7253: 7248: 7242: 7231: 7223: 7215: 7210: 7204: 7184: 7180: 7177: 7172: 7170: 7163: 7155: 7144: 7136: 7128: 7120: 7116: 7107: 7091: 7088: 7083: 7082: 7078: 7067: 7059: 7048: 7040: 7032: 7024: 7020: 7014: 6543:Independent 6534: 6523: 6509: 6498: 6491: 6482: 6475: 6466: 6459: 6429: 6403: 6314: 6305:"matches" → 6277:"peppers" → 6253: 6222:"large lake" 6206: 6189:"little box" 6175:"small room" 6161:"hole, lair" 6131: 6098: 6019:"widower" → 6009: 5994: 5986: 5982: 5979: 5976: 5972: 5961: 5953: 5896: 5886: 5884:many EA-days 5883: 5881:mnnaw wussan 5880: 5873: 5865: 5848: 5845: 5842: 5835: 5827: 5800: 5790: 5787: 5784: 5777: 5769: 5758: 5741: 5738: 5735: 5728: 5720: 5709: 5682: 5678: 5675: 5672: 5668: 5660: 5649: 5638: 5635: 5632: 5628: 5617: 5609: 5591: 5584:(feminine). 5571: 5538: 5485: 5438: 5402: 5370: 5355: 5353:"stations". 5340: 5313: 5236: 5186: 5125: 5119:T-i-zgzaw-in 5088: 5067: 5034: 5029:suffixation 4831:suffixation 4765:suffixation 4760:t-i-ɣrday-in 4677:suffixation 4369:suffixation 4347:Process(es) 4332: 4305: 4296: 4239: 4200: 4192:"knee" → EA 4179:"hand" → EA 4169: 3923:, some have 3916: 3913: 3866: 3827: 3806: 3754: 3749: 3745: 3731: 3678: 3670: 3656: 3617:la li la láy 3607: 3366: 3355: 3338: 3329: 3320: 3303: 3294: 3280: 3277: 3274: 3270: 3262: 3254: 3246: 3234: 3224: 3187: 3183: 3122: 3064:Coda Assgn. 2952:Shilha text 2900: 2767: 2764: 2761: 2754: 2746: 2735: 2727: 2719: 2711: 2703: 2692: 2684: 2676: 2668: 2656: 2641: 2585: 2581: 2578: 2575: 2571: 2563: 2552: 2542:imperfective 2535: 2523: 2510: 2502: 2497:Translation 2491:Translation 2468: 2465: 2433: 2399:"ewe" (not * 2386: 2366: 2355:. Consonant 2339: 2316: 1837: 1784: 1765: 1747: 1637: 1629: 1605: 1591:" (1988) by 1584: 1575: 1573: 1564: 1546: 1536:Emile Laoust 1534: 1517: 1496: 1483: 1475: 1457:, author of 1439: 1431: 1416:Neo-Tifinagh 1409: 1399: 1375: 1371: 1362: 1157:of the city 1138: 1134: 1130: 1126: 1111: 1102: 1091:Please help 1086:verification 1083: 1004: 966: 937: 933: 929: 903: 816:The initial 815: 770: 743: 731: 680: 629: 606: 598: 522: 518: 466: 464: 427: 418: 407:Please help 402:verification 399: 377: 366: 361: 350: 345: 310: 277: 224:Judeo-Berber 202: 183:Afro-Asiatic 21224:Undescribed 21051:Hilal-Mâqil 20823:Orthography 20803:Mauretanian 20729:Tawellemmet 20454:Seghrouchen 20208:Definitions 17896:: 389–391. 17720:(in French) 17534:changes to 17447:t-u-mɣar-in 17432:has become 17116:she without 17086:she without 16983:, feminine 16664:"wild boar" 16417:Ḥmad u Musa 16153:istma-t-snt 16129:istma-t-unt 15174:lmɛict nnsn 15145:"its smell" 14889:imi n wuccn 14297:father-your 14263:they-return 14207:"thither": 14137:"be yellow" 14025:Perfective 13915:ar i-tt-amẓ 13861:at tt-amẓ-t 13780:past action 13627:consecutive 13426:izwur, zwur 13391:iksuḍ, ksuḍ 13386:"be afraid" 13279:"take away" 12890:"give back" 12820:"be better" 12080:"accompany" 11993:Perfective 11618:― all forms 11591:Perfective 11545:ur fki-n-in 11304:ur t-fki-mt 11278:ar t-akka-m 11146:ar t-akka-t 10978:Sample verb 10757:she.arrived 9754:"a hundred" 9740:t-i-mraw-in 9721:"a tensome" 9441:si ysgg°asn 9202:yat tfunast 9173:yan wag°mar 8869:gizn, gidsn 8585:ar ttddan { 8223:(with noun) 7975:: "in, at" 7863:terminative 7772:tibḥirt nns 6813:k°nnimti(n) 6514:independent 6366:"beggar" → 6327:tahulandiyt 6197:"garden" → 6053:"twin girl" 6033:"Muslim" → 5568:(masculine) 5114:"Taroudant" 5111:T-a-rudan-t 5002:t-izm+aw-in 4836:"porcupine" 4826:t-u-mɣar-in 4792:"fireplace" 4782:t-i-g°cl-in 4775:t-a-gccul-t 4753:t-a-ɣrday-t 4584:iɣardm+iw-n 4440:"waterhole" 4250:, feminine 3947:changes to 3898:"sun" → EA 3858:"fox" → EA 3844:"bee" → EA 3623:la li la lá 3255:by.means.of 2929:they.enter 2926:EA-orchard 2547:morphology 2228:Approximant 1486:Hans Stumme 1404:Mḥmmd Awzal 1226:Ait Melloul 1155:Percentage 1033:, feminine 949:les Chleuhs 865:instead of 762:"an Arab", 668:Oulad Teima 571:; from the 325:instead of 122:Souss-Massa 50:Taclḥiyt - 21353:Categories 20782:Old Libyan 20606:Non-Zenati 20242:Phrasebook 20107:: 503–541. 20068:: 381–406. 19906:998187812X 19776:1141568167 19727:2747535770 19214:9954022899 19195:2747555275 19129:2747527069 18927:(1): 204. 18579:Faḍma Musa 18480:onze, douz 18285:(2): 211. 18260:1030816520 18155:(2): 208. 18109:idrimn inu 18011:2024-04-23 17845:2024-04-21 17724:2022-06-01 17619:Ethnologue 17602:References 17510:t-tt-amẓ-t 17193:"mosque", 17151:See also: 17054:he without 17014:he without 16730:id bu waga 16690:bu tbratin 16551:Ayt Wafqqa 16469:ist Tfrawt 16453:ayt Ugrsif 16321:sister.his 16226:brother-my 16172:father-her 16141:istma-t-sn 16117:istma-t-un 16105:istma-t-nɣ 15710:-hand-mill 15511:he.travels 15205:she.exists 15150:adjarn nnɣ 15126:timlsa nns 15110:aqqrab nnk 15097:"my hands" 15094:ifassn inu 15003:luqt unẓar 14780:anu n Dawd 14753:Possession 14522:-waterhole 14438:-messenger 14353:-waterhole 13975:iḍ i-ɣzzif 13777:Perfective 13625:imperative 12150:"be crazy" 11996:Perfective 11847:Imperative 11517:ur i-fki-n 11471:akka-y-amt 11396:Imperative 11377:ar akka-nt 11271:ur t-fki-m 11139:ur t-fki-t 11018:Perfective 11014:Perfective 10513:-thousands 10094:-thousands 9913:sin wafḍan 9909:-thousands 9726:t-a-mraw-t 9449:sin y-ir-n 9427:yal lmakan 9421:yan lmakan 9413:ya wsgg°as 9363:"one" and 9351:The final 9315:yan urumiy 9125:indefinite 8664:irregular 8356:they.exist 8319:"they sit 8194:-beginning 8115:"before". 8007:possessive 7944:"between" 7880:comitative 7701:d ayda nns 7648:father-her 7508:"here is, 7197:"except": 7129:it.is.that 6665:nkk°nti(n) 6410:tafransist 6383:talmumsikt 6380:"miser" → 6341:tafransist 6294:tabitljant 6283:"a pepper" 6263:"maize" → 6230:"house" → 6141:"stone" → 5925:bu tɣanimt 5917:ayt Ugadir 5554:(feminine) 5535:(feminine) 5520:(feminine) 5294:"couscous" 5103:I-ɣ°rays-n 5098:"Anammeur" 4863:t-a-saru-t 4819:t-a-mɣar-t 4804:t-aka+t-in 4709:t-a-glay-t 4572:"scorpion" 4540:i-gnzi+t-n 4528:"forehead" 4462:"document" 4352:"mountain" 4007:t-a-zdwi-t 3961:Masculine 3841:t-a-zdwi-t 3735:état libre 3646:See also: 3332:Sidi Ḥammu 2990:Core Syll 2947:EA-grapes 2917:they.went 2704:they.enter 2557:babllfirma 2540:to stick ( 2528:to stick ( 2494:Tashlhiyt 2488:Tashlhiyt 2363:Semivowels 2357:gemination 2353:obstruents 2348:and plain 2346:labialized 1823:Consonants 1817:epenthetic 1619:See also: 1603:of Niger. 1588:Le Berbère 1422:Literature 1346:Ouarzazate 1166:Casablanca 676:Ouarzazate 652:Sous River 648:Anti-Atlas 644:Draa River 640:High Atlas 519:Tashelhiyt 21121:Tashelhit 21069:Hassaniya 20937:indicate 20752:Tetserret 19819:Phonology 19635:220973309 19627:0008-4131 19585:cite book 19253:cite book 19167:1887/4151 18941:1876-6633 18902:197667081 18894:0008-4131 18846:795895594 18805:cite book 18797:858861608 18726:cite book 18718:858861608 18677:cite book 18669:858861608 18628:cite book 18620:858861608 18317:232344118 18301:0025-1003 18222:795895594 18187:232344118 18171:0025-1003 17902:0169-0124 17820:0295-5245 17778:810078009 17453:t-u-mẓ-in 17343:taqqjmiyt 17301:) called 17211:"Islam", 17128:tar laman 17124:certainty 17097:-daylight 17029:war acrik 16961:"needles" 16888:mm igrtal 16696:"postman" 16658:bu tagant 16538:Ayt Bubkr 16445:u Trudant 16429:u Brayyim 16026:compound 16009:compound 15773:I.possess 15670:-children 15610:I.possess 15557:I.possess 15470:ṭṭf, ṭṭaf 15445:something 15319:The verb 15281:-anything 15270:it.exists 15118:lumur nnm 15089:"my head" 15086:agayyu nu 14462:Oumhaouch 14059:"be many" 13812:ur y-umiẓ 13790:"he took" 13686:ray y-amẓ 13614:Examples 13608:MAN stem 13457:"possess" 13326:ffɣ, ffuɣ 13319:ffɣ, ffuɣ 13291:kks, kkis 13284:kks, kkis 13256:ṭṭf, ṭṭaf 13249:ṭṭf, ṭṭaf 13208:"contain" 12925:"inherit" 12643:"be; put" 12352:tt-nurẓum 12256:"mention" 11998:negative 11645:, plural 11560:The verb 11552:akka-n-in 11448:akka-y-at 11370:ur fki-nt 11344:ar akka-n 11245:ar n-akka 11212:ar t-akka 11179:ar y-akka 11113:ar akka-ɣ 11042:MAN stem→ 11020:negative 10852:tis-kraṭṭ 10770:tamggarut 10045:-thousand 10002:-hundreds 9881:snat tmaḍ 9877:-hundreds 9845:-tensomes 9747:t-mraw-in 9697:Singular 9639:sindmrawt 9430:"a place" 9393:yan w-ass 9300:Numerals 8930:Feminine 8927:Masculine 8581:-Tafraout 8444:it.exists 8377:stɣllanin 8097:"until", 8074:: "from" 7876:id-, did- 7606:"on them" 7603:flla-t-sn 7576:baba-t-nɣ 7520:waḥdu yyi 7502:particle 7385:s tmzgida 7305:he.steals 7171:tumɣarin 7167:-chickens 6974:nttnti(n) 6625:nkk°ni(n) 6549:Suffixes 6490:ifk ṭṭir 6418:tinmmtrit 6386:"avarice" 6372:"begging" 6369:tinmmtrit 6321:ahulandiy 6311:"a match" 6216:"lake" → 6186:taṣṣnduqt 6169:"room" → 6155:"cave" → 6122:"buck" ― 6081:"lioness" 6075:"lion" → 6064:tafullust 6039:"Muslima" 5476:→ Shilha 5461:→ Shilha 5310:"carrots" 5302:"cricket" 5225:t-a-bra-t 5174:I-sk°ta-n 5083:i-jnwiy-n 5024:t-ifaw-in 4990:"lioness" 4892:t-i-g°mma 4731:t-a-ɣawsa 4594:"witness" 4550:"forearm" 3966:Feminine 3712:"evening" 3688:"daytime" 3247:I.am.glad 2938:they.eat 2669:they.went 2646:tkkst stt 2569:n=l-firma 2077:voiceless 2072:Fricative 1956:voiceless 1805:/ariʃtta/ 1776:"house", 1681:"five"). 1651:"three", 1615:Phonology 1210:163 6356 1206:Marrakech 1105:June 2022 1042:Tisusiyin 1039:, plural 1027:, plural 961:le chleuh 943:un Chleuh 934:the Shluh 910:, plural 898:Ticlḥiyin 664:Taroudant 612:tachelhit 607:Tashelhit 523:Tachelhit 421:June 2022 367:Ticlḥiyin 279:Glottolog 263:ISO 639-3 152:Ethnicity 21326:Moriscos 21164:Tabeldit 21036:Northern 20836:Tifinagh 20724:Tamashek 20496:Wad Righ 20486:Tidikelt 20476:Mozabite 20431:Northern 20377:Ghadamès 19839:16558373 19671:45938533 19288:29304770 19056:: 30–43. 18403:Syllable 18309:26351981 18179:26351981 17910:40997575 17516:tt-amẓ-t 17444:, as in 17382:; also, 17337:taɛjmiyt 17310:tadubirt 17276:peccātum 17273:, Latin 17258:ibkkaḍan 17241:Passover 17233:", from 17196:taẓallit 17190:timzgida 17101:tar azal 17025:-partner 16951:-threads 16940:she with 16915:mm lɣrur 16911:delusion 16903:she with 16873:she with 16793:"a poet" 16686:-letters 16634:"a liar" 16618:yiwaliwn 16563:Gg°afqqa 16557:w Wafqqa 16506:Gg°ijjan 16500:w Wijjan 16461:ult Uglu 16346:Singular 16019:tabt-ti- 15926:(t-arwa) 15884:id baba- 15846:Remarks 15840:Singular 15437:with.you 15421:question 15232:-pumpkin 15213:with.him 15134:rriy nns 15105:"my leg" 15102:aḍar niw 14530:he.finds 14289:I.killed 14182:tt-izwiɣ 14163:"be red" 14156:tt-iwriɣ 14130:tt-imɣur 14104:tt-imẓiy 14052:tt-idrus 14033:"be few" 13969:iḍ ɣzzif 13818:ur i-rɣi 13759:+ Aorist 13730:+ Aorist 13709:ur y-amẓ 13701:+ Aorist 13678:+ Aorist 13663:ay y-amẓ 13655:+ Aorist 13376:tt-mttat 13314:"go out" 13092:tt-azzal 12881:tt-aylal 12784:"divide" 12176:tt-nuful 11919:Relative 11660:fka-n-in 11538:fka-n-in 11524:y-akka-n 11490:Relative 11337:ur fki-n 11297:t-fka-mt 11290:t-fki-mt 11238:ur n-fki 11205:ur t-fki 11172:ur i-fki 11106:ur fki-ɣ 10963:wisskkuẓ 10957:wisskraḍ 10945:wissmmus 10817:wis-kraḍ 10690:gg°ranin 10653:tawriqqt 10464:thousand 9953:-hundred 9855:"twenty" 9813:w-afḍa-n 9759:t-i-miḍi 9733:t-mraw-t 9599:sindmraw 9555:tfunasin 9507:wag°marn 9455:siy yirn 9399:yaw wass 9252:tfunasin 9229:-horses" 9223:wag°marn 8906:Numerals 8890:gi-t-snt 8839:gi-t-unt 8508:} tsbnit 8468:yttzdaɣn 8420:in which 8393:ittyiswa 8348:in.which 8338:-orchard 8072:ablative 8055:allative 8023:"above" 7973:locative 7958:"among" 7955:(i)ngra- 7617:dar-t-sn 7544:manza tt 7528:kullu tn 7418:he.beats 7191:"like", 7161:ifullusn 7105:tumɣarin 7052:-sandals 6934:nttni(n) 6766:k°nni(n) 6520:suffixes 6462:ur tɣ°li 6308:taluqitt 6266:tasngart 6183:"box" → 6036:tamuslmt 5931:taɣanimt 5852:timkilin 5653:-country 5647:tamazirt 5621:-country 5581:lɛlum-at 5458:l-faky-a 5350:id lagar 5317:ttjdmnni 5254:"thirst" 5246:"cuckoo" 5193:t-a-kira 5160:I-lall-n 5017:t-ifaw-t 4885:t-i-gmmi 4870:t-i-sura 4841:t-aruc-t 4716:t-i-glay 4682:"jackal" 4650:udm+aw-n 4628:i-smga-n 4606:i-naga-n 4562:i-ɣall-n 4474:arra+t-n 4430:i-mzga-n 4386:i-dazz-n 4364:i-drar-n 4341:Singular 4162:t-ufaw-t 4155:t-ufaw-t 4150:"light" 4131:moufflon 4079:t-i-fiyi 4050:t-afuk-t 4043:t-afuk-t 4014:t-zdwi-t 3901:t-afuk-t 3895:t-afuk-t 3847:t-zdwi-t 3717:tibinṣrt 3709:tadgg°at 3696:"orphan" 3566:k°: ń t 3324:talalayt 3210:awi t id 3178:C: C C: 3150:C: V C: 2941:EL-figs 2932:into-it 2728:they.eat 2696:-orchard 2425:"wrap", 1859:alveolar 1798:/akssab/ 1755:rristora 1657:"four", 1480:Research 1368:Dialects 1266:Inezgane 1230:113 410 1190:225 695 1170:334 364 1036:Tasusiyt 1018:Tasusiyt 1008:Tasusiyt 989:Tamazixt 983:Tamaziɣt 970:Taclḥiyt 925:Taclḥiyt 892:Taclḥiyt 856:Taclḥayt 795:exonymic 780:Taclḥiyt 747:Taclḥiyt 636:Kentucky 589:), is a 577:Taclḥiyt 378:Taclḥiyt 374:Language 369:(female) 353:(female) 351:Taclḥiyt 331:Help:IPA 286:tach1250 250:Tifinagh 218:Dialects 193:Northern 52:ⵜⴰⵛⵍⵃⵉⵢⵜ 18:Tashlhit 21333:Extinct 21267:English 21262:Spanish 21215:Spanish 21210:Haketia 21197:Western 21188:Romance 21159:Tarifit 21136:Ghomara 21064:Eastern 21059:Western 20935:Italics 20774:Guanche 20744:Western 20719:Tamahaq 20672:Western 20667:Eastern 20630:Ghomara 20585:Gouraya 20568:Douiret 20556:Matmata 20540:Shawiya 20523:Iznasen 20508:Riffian 20383:Jaghbub 20342:Eastern 19146:Arabica 18582:, not * 18096:, with 17687:Awzal, 17390:), and 17325:tagnawt 17264:abkkaḍu 17226:tafaska 17167:Aramaic 17147:Lexicon 17059:tawwuri 16851:Biougra 16840:Biougra 16811:he with 16777:-poetry 16766:he with 16726:-bucket 16715:he with 16680:tbratin 16675:he with 16654:-forest 16544:U Bubkr 16349:Plural 16318:ultma-s 16210:son-his 16093:ultma-s 16081:ultma-m 16069:ultma-k 16057:ultma-Ø 15970:ayt-ma- 15948:yst-ma- 15941:wlt-ma- 15792:-houses 15737:-handle 15519:with.it 15508:immuddu 15503:-donkey 15450:yaḍnin? 15384:-forest 15346:with.us 15297:thither 15262:with.me 15142:aḍu nns 14660:iga tn 14409:he.came 14305:I.threw 14302:babatun 14226:he.knew 14078:tt-igut 14022:Aorist 13643:"take!" 13528:"exist" 13163:tt-acka 13022:tt-ak°r 12996:"steal" 12951:tt-kasa 12916:tt-rara 12573:"drink" 12221:"graze" 12186:"enter" 12009:"laugh" 11990:Aorist 11892:2 pl.f. 11875:2 pl.m. 11820:3 pl.f. 11803:3 pl.m. 11781:2 pl.f. 11759:2 pl.m. 11725:3 sg.f. 11708:3 sg.m. 11654:i-fka-n 11570:Aorist 11510:i-fka-n 11455:2 pl.f. 11432:2 pl.m. 11351:3 pl.f. 11318:3 pl.m. 11285:2 pl.f. 11264:t-fka-m 11257:t-fki-m 11252:2 pl.m. 11186:3 sg.f. 11153:3 sg.m. 11132:t-fki-t 10966:, etc. 10936:(as in 10801:, fem. 10733:amzwaru 10599:tfunast 10526:tfunast 10507:walfiwn 10477:tfunast 10437:wag°mar 10424:hundred 10381:wag°mar 10368:hundred 10327:tfunast 10271:wag°mar 10201:tfunast 10161:wag°mar 10107:tfunast 10058:tfunast 10015:wag°mar 9966:wag°mar 9839:tmrawin 9773:t-i-maḍ 9700:Plural 9655:tfunast 9615:wag°mar 9513:-horses 9192:tfunast 9169:-horse" 9163:wag°mar 9137:mnnaw-t 9068:"eight" 9049:"seven" 9023:smmus-t 8973:"three" 8876:3 pl.f. 8862:gi-t-sn 8848:3 pl.m. 8825:gig-unt 8820:2 pl.f. 8811:gi-t-un 8792:2 pl.m. 8783:gi-t-nɣ 8776:gi-(n)ɣ 8718:2 sg.f. 8697:2 sg.m. 8562:-barber 8455:-beetle 8321:in them 8309:ggawrn 8281:in.them 8210:October 8162:it.fell 8068:zgi(g)- 8009:: "of" 7753:tibḥirt 7727:she.ate 7719:-locust 7713:tamurɣi 7656:he.left 7640:he.died 7597:flla-sn 7582:baba-nɣ 7496:subject 7431:ttrwalɣ 7371:tmzgida 7348:he-sent 7323:you.mpl 7286:iqqadda 7173:nttntin 7117:nttntin 7076:wagg°ri 7057:turẓyin 7041:we.wear 6866:ntta(n) 6723:kmmi(n) 6683:kyyi(n) 6568:nkki(n) 6458:tammnt 6397:tag°mat 6377:lmumsik 6363:inmmtri 6355:tamzilt 6335:fransis 6288:bitljan 6269:"a cob" 6241:tiznirt 6172:talbitt 6111:tamɣart 6058:afullus 6025:"widow" 6022:tadgalt 5839:-dishes 5833:tmkilin 5756:tangult 5732:-onions 5713:-garlic 5615:tmazirt 5545:lbhim-t 5517:lḥadi-t 5511:l-ḥadit 5473:ṛ-ṛuḍ-a 5467:"fruit" 5464:lfaki-t 5426:t-tabut 5411:l-kabus 5392:Brdqqiz 5389:"Fès", 5262:"thumb" 5217:a-muslm 5201:a-ɣanim 5166:I-lillu 5146:Actuk-n 5095:A-nammr 5077:i-jnway 5071:a-jnwiy 5061:irukutn 5012:"light" 4995:t-izm-t 4929:t-irm-t 4914:t-att-n 4880:"house" 4814:"woman" 4797:t-aka-t 4770:"churn" 4748:"mouse" 4726:"thing" 4694:uccan-n 4616:"slave" 4423:a-mẓẓuɣ 4408:i-guyya 4401:a-gayyu 4122:t-isn-t 4115:t-isn-t 4110:"salt" 4074:"meat" 4057:"cave" 4033:w-ayyur 4021:"moon" 3997:w-baɣuɣ 3990:a-baɣuɣ 3907:t-fuk-t 3880:w-ayyur 3861:w-baɣuɣ 3855:a-baɣuɣ 3759:tazdwit 3704:"hound" 3642:Grammar 3560:Line 4 3513:Line 3 3486:k: á m 3472:b: á h 3466:Line 2 3419:Line 1 3298:inḍḍamn 3291:Metrics 3175:C C C: 3172:C: C C 3147:C V C: 3144:C: V C 3076:(w:ur) 2979:tazart 2758:-grapes 2712:into-it 2572:of=farm 2530:perfect 2408:tahrwit 2402:tazduyt 2396:tahruyt 2393:"bee", 2390:tazdwit 1951:Plosive 1881:Glottal 1874:Pharyn- 1695:Central 1675:"two", 1669:"one", 1460:al-Ḥawḍ 1400:al-Ḥawḍ 1350:43 110 1330:52 690 1310:61 590 1290:65 105 1270:66 558 1250:74 448 1149:Cities 1030:Isusiyn 976:Iclḥiyn 930:a Shilh 886:Iclḥiyn 859:, with 765:Taɛṛabt 715:Germany 707:Belgium 703:Morocco 687:Demnate 660:Guelmim 632:Iceland 595:Morocco 573:endonym 568:-əl-hit 362:Iclḥiyn 327:Unicode 112:Morocco 57:تاشلحيت 21290:Hebrew 21285:Arabic 21257:French 21151:Zenati 21141:Gharbi 21099:Berber 21085:Darija 21019:Arabic 21000:Arabic 20995:Berber 20766:Others 20757:Zenaga 20734:Tayart 20711:Tuareg 20652:Kabyle 20645:Shilha 20595:Shenwa 20590:Shelif 20573:Zuwara 20528:Snouss 20501:Wargla 20471:Gurara 20459:Warayn 20440:Zenati 20414:Yefren 20409:Wazzin 20394:Nafusi 20370:Tmessa 20360:Foqaha 20355:Fezzan 20350:Awjila 20157: 20142: 20127: 20036: 20017: 19998: 19979: 19960: 19941: 19922: 19903: 19875: 19856: 19837: 19802: 19774: 19764: 19743: 19724: 19669: 19633: 19625: 19573: 19554: 19535: 19496: 19430: 19411: 19392: 19373: 19322: 19303: 19286: 19241: 19211: 19192: 19126: 19107: 19088: 19069: 19030: 18982: 18939: 18900: 18892: 18844: 18834: 18795: 18785: 18716: 18706: 18667: 18657: 18618: 18608: 18483:, etc. 18381: 18315: 18307: 18299: 18258: 18248: 18220: 18210: 18185: 18177: 18169: 18089:idrimn 18040: 18002: 17931: 17908: 17900: 17867: 17818: 17776: 17766: 17614:Shilha 17270:pecado 17236:pascha 17208:lislam 17165:, and 17163:Hebrew 17138: 16945:ifalan 16878:igrtal 16830: 16822:-frogs 16816:y-g°ra 16790:bumarg 16785: 16771:w-marg 16744: 16648:tagant 16624:-words 16437:u bṛṛa 16408:g°-ma- 16305:except 16264:-river 16242:illi-s 16223:g°ma-Ø 16207:yiwi-s 16191:-bride 16169:baba-s 16002:ti-ma- 15963:g°-ma- 15863:id ma- 15843:Plural 15806: 15797:(not * 15786:tg°mma 15751: 15626:ɛdlnin 15565:papers 15562:luraqq 15392: 15389:tagant 15357:-argan 15305:I.wear 15226:txsayt 14731:ar tn 14727: 14724:txibit 14705:nttgga 14690:tither 14656:-pouch 14650:uqqrab 14629:hither 14611:he.put 14564:izimmr 14540:tither 14474:yucka 14470: 14467:Umḥawc 14443:urqqas 14419:hither 14361: 14334:of.him 14313:tither 14255:hither 14175:zgg°aɣ 13838:tt-amẓ 13681:future 13622:Aorist 13589:tt-ini 13554:tt-ili 13518:tt-iri 13492:"want" 13483:tt-ili 13234:tt-amu 13199:tt-azu 13173:"flay" 13149:ucki/a 13142:ack(i) 13137:"come" 13128:tt-afa 13102:"find" 13057:tt-aws 13031:"help" 12987:tt-amẓ 12961:"take" 12846:tt-afa 12669:tt-gga 12608:"call" 12503:"give" 12362:"fall" 12317:aqqlay 12134:skkiws 12127:skkiws 12120:skkiws 12106:tt-mun 12044:"bark" 11460:fk-amt 11363:fka-nt 11356:fki-nt 11125:t-fk-t 11009:Aorist 10951:wissin 10939:wissin 10883: 10869:-times 10858:-three 10828:wussan 10823:-three 10787: 10765:hither 10728:furrow 10707: 10661:izwarn 10583:ɛcrint 10546: 10443:-horse 10387:-horse 10347: 10314:twenty 10311:ɛcrint 10277:-horse 10258:twenty 10221: 10188:twenty 10185:ɛcrint 10167:-horse 10148:twenty 10127: 10088:wafḍan 10021:-horse 9972:-horse 9947:timiḍi 9923: 9903:wafḍan 9806:afḍa-n 9766:t-miḍi 9675: 9642:twelve 9621:-horse 9602:twelve 9589:"of": 9575: 9271: 9258:-cows" 9118:mraw-t 9087:"nine" 9042:sḍis-t 9011:"five" 9004:kkuẓ-t 8992:"four" 8985:kraṭ-ṭ 8883:gi-snt 8832:gi-wnt 8797:gig-un 8769:gig-nɣ 8688:gi-t-i 8631:gi(g)- 8575:Tfrawt 8556:uḥjjam 8538:ttddan 8494: 8486:tsbnit 8449:yglgiz 8404: 8396: 8361:lacjar 8305: 8297:coffee 8260:ggawrn 8226: 8218: 8199:ukccum 8178:izwarn 8151:"in": 8020:nniga- 7990:dative 7983:mi, mu 7969:gi(g)- 7949:(i)ngr 7764: 7756:of.her 7735:to.her 7693:of.him 7674:hither 7666:to.her 7611:dar-sn 7552:ha yyi 7483:awyat 7434: 7313:except 7258:ɛlah, 7142:andaru 7134:ybnnun 7111:-women 7084:nkk°ni 7079: 7021:nkk°ni 7002:nn-snt 6848:nn-unt 6646:a-(n)ɣ 6280:tiﬁflt 6260:asngar 6227:tigmmi 6200:turtit 6180:ṣṣnduq 6158:tifrit 6144:taẓrut 6128:"goat" 6125:taɣaṭṭ 6119:ankkur 6092:tudatt 6050:tiknit 6030:amuslm 5970:smmiḍn 5939:after 5897: 5871:wussan 5801: 5781:-bread 5745:aẓalim 5726:uẓalim 5707:tiskrt 5683: 5666:tfulki 5661:of.you 5629:of.you 5607:tfulki 5565:lbzaym 5551:lbhaym 5479:ṛṛuṭ-ṭ 5432:ttabut 5417:lkabus 5299:wiẓugn 5243:dikkuk 5180:A-sktu 5132:Amml-n 5047:idukan 4980:t-izza 4936:t-iram 4924:"meal" 4848:t-urac 4672:urar-n 4660:"song" 4638:"face" 4599:i-nigi 4577:iɣirdm 4533:i-gnzi 4496:ussa-n 4396:"head" 4374:"dune" 4357:a-drar 4344:Plural 4261:ablaut 4204:a-mɣar 4145:w-udad 4093:"ash" 4086:t-fiyi 4038:"sun" 4002:"bee" 3985:"fox" 3904:(not * 3886:w-yyur 3883:(not * 3789:abaɣuɣ 3725:tuḍfit 3693:igigil 3629:li lád 3602:z ú g 3580:n í ɣ 3555:ḍ á ḍ 3533:w á l 3519:g á n 3508:b á z 3461:r á ḍ 3439:t ú m 3425:t í t 3271:of.you 3260:lmɛrft 3229:fssamt 3218:acki d 3169:C C C 3164:C: C: 3141:C V C 3109:(ḍil) 3100:(zar) 3094:(cin) 3088:(s:a) 3079:(tik) 3067:(d:a) 2985:waḍil 2733:tazart 2622:, and 2511:tamdda 2422:afawwu 2350:dorsal 2334:laplaj 2331:as in 2321:as in 2151:voiced 2017:voiced 1869:Uvular 1852:Dental 1847:Labial 1779:amḥḍar 1773:tigmmi 1752:as in 1634:Vowels 1601:Tuareg 1597:Kabyle 1507:Tuareg 1503:Kabyle 1465:Maliki 1286:Tiznit 1186:Agadir 1024:Asusiy 1021:is an 955:chelha 952:, and 938:Shilha 936:, and 880:Aclḥiy 850:Aclḥay 825:Aclḥiy 799:Mármol 774:Aclḥiy 753:Aclḥiy 727:Israel 721:, the 719:Canada 711:France 691:Zagora 683:Arabic 672:Tiznit 656:Agadir 624:chleuh 618:chelha 599:Shilha 467:Shilha 364:(male) 358:People 348:(male) 346:Aclḥiy 342:Person 301: 242:Arabic 203:Shilha 188:Berber 156:Shilha 118:Region 40:Shilha 32:Shilha 21205:Sabir 21108:Atlas 21078:Koiné 20624:Gharb 20562:Sened 20551:Jerba 20491:Tuwat 20404:Nalut 20389:Kufra 20365:Sokna 20225:Media 20153:(PDF) 20138:(PDF) 20123:(PDF) 19835:S2CID 19667:S2CID 19647:(PDF) 19631:S2CID 19603:(PDF) 19340:(PDF) 19284:S2CID 19142:(PDF) 19046:(PDF) 18898:S2CID 18546:uggug 18313:S2CID 18305:JSTOR 18183:S2CID 18175:JSTOR 17906:JSTOR 17483:t-…-t 17350:Notes 17331:agnaw 17304:inman 17299:argot 17282:ddnub 17245:Pesaḥ 17214:lḥajj 17121:laman 17035:"God" 17019:acrik 16908:lɣrur 16884:-mats 16643:he of 16613:seven 16605:he of 16476:When 16294:iṭṭif 16258:wasif 16185:tslit 16036:jddi- 15985:jdda- 15905:ysti- 15898:ylli- 15877:baba- 15770:ṭṭafɣ 15731:uskti 15664:tarwa 15621:-eyes 15573:of.me 15554:ṭṭifɣ 15497:uɣyul 15481:iṭṭaf 15453:other 15370:inkkr 15351:argan 15343:darnɣ 15328:lli/a 15302:lssaɣ 15058:(see 14551:-head 14500:igg°z 14424:darsn 14406:yucka 14326:-head 14271:wrrin 14260:wrrin 14234:which 14223:issin 14168:izwiɣ 14142:iwriɣ 14123:mqqur 14116:imɣur 14097:mẓẓiy 14090:imẓiy 14038:idrus 13787:i-rɣa 13785:y-umẓ 13638:y-amẓ 13575:nni/a 13563:"say" 13540:lli/a 13350:"die" 13220:umi/a 13185:uzi/a 13114:ufi/a 13107:af(i) 13085:uzzil 13066:"run" 12855:"fly" 12796:bḍi/a 12761:ddi/a 12726:fti/a 12691:gni/a 12679:"sew" 12634:aqqra 12620:ɣri/a 12613:ɣr(i) 12585:swi/a 12578:sw(i) 12550:mli/a 12543:ml(i) 12515:fki/a 12508:fk(i) 12480:cci/a 12473:cc(i) 12468:"eat" 12445:rẓi/a 12438:rẓ(i) 12397:"hit" 12115:"sit" 11962:-n-in 11952:3 pl. 11930:3 sg. 11858:2 sg. 11742:1 pl. 11686:2 sg. 11594:fki/a 11573:fk(i) 11437:fk-at 11409:2 sg. 11330:fka-n 11323:fki-n 11231:n-fka 11219:1 pl. 11198:t-fka 11165:i-fka 11120:2 sg. 11099:fki-ɣ 11087:1 sg. 11054:fki/a 11047:fk(i) 10970:Verbs 10834:-days 10754:tucka 10682:ussan 10634:izwur 10625:First 10586:score 10557:ɛcrin 10255:ɛcrin 10145:ɛcrin 9799:y-ifḍ 9780:t-maḍ 9561:-cows 9547:mrawt 9463:Teens 9198:-cow" 9130:mnnaw 9106:"ten" 9099:tẓa-t 9080:tam-t 9030:"six" 9016:smmus 8966:sna-t 8954:"two" 8935:"one" 8855:gi-sn 8804:gi-wn 8764:1 pl. 8741:3 sg. 8723:gig-m 8702:gik-k 8674:gig-i 8669:1 sg. 8656:with 8587:s dar 8547:s dar 8506:ɣ ddu 8500:-dung 8489:under 8477:ɣ ddu 8408:urti 8364:trees 8311:gisnt 8294:lqhwa 8269:gisnt 8215:ktubr 8173:-rain 8167:unẓar 7927:flla- 7645:babas 7637:immut 7629:alliɣ 7536:laḥ t 7511:voici 7381:yuzn 7329:k°nni 7319:k°nni 7302:yak°r 7229:aɣyul 7202:ɛlah, 7148:-coop 7071:-alfa 7046:nlssa 6995:a-snt 6962:nn-sn 6906:nttat 6841:a-wnt 6801:nn-un 6632:a(n)ɣ 6485:goat" 6478:bahra 6349:amzil 6302:luqid 6247:iznir 6233:igmmi 6213:tamda 6105:argaz 6078:tizmt 6067:"hen" 6016:adgal 5965:-milk 5890:ussan 5877:-days 5863:mnnaw 5828:three 5825:kraṭṭ 5794:aɣrum 5775:uɣrum 5762:-loaf 5575:lɛlam 5559:lbzim 5532:lmu-t 5526:l-mut 5365:middn 5329:hlima 5307:xizzu 5275:lagar 5267:kḍran 5152:Actuk 5055:aruku 5041:aduku 4973:t-izi 4958:all-n 4951:t-iṭṭ 4946:"eye" 4907:t-ili 4902:"ewe" 4858:"key" 4704:"egg" 4621:i-smg 4555:i-ɣil 4518:iḍa-n 4511:a-ydi 4506:"dog" 4484:"day" 4418:"ear" 4216:umɣar 4210:wmɣar 4195:wafud 4105:y-iɣd 4069:y-fri 4062:i-fri 4026:ayyur 3874:ayyur 3822:tarwa 3801:baɣuɣ 3728:"ant" 3701:uṣkay 3653:Nouns 3632:(the 3611:a láy 3530:s: r 3505:n: l 3202:ffɣat 3194:rgl t 3161:C C: 3158:C: C 3132:C: V 3106:(wa) 3103:(td) 3097:(ta) 3091:(dc) 3085:(ni) 3082:(cm) 3073:(ya) 3070:(ns) 3056:(ḍi) 3053:(wa) 3050:(td) 3044:(za) 3041:(ta) 3035:(ci) 3032:(dc) 3029:(sa) 3023:(ni) 3020:(cm) 3014:(ti) 3008:(wu) 3002:(ya) 2999:(ns) 2996:(da) 2976:ccin 2964:wurti 2955:ddan 2944:with 2752:waḍil 2739:-figs 2690:wurti 2564:owner 2507:pond 2503:tamda 2449:ysti- 2428:tayyu 2279:Trill 1914:Nasal 1903:plain 1895:plain 1891:phar. 1887:plain 1864:Velar 1857:Post- 1813:schwa 1768:schwa 1707:Close 1690:Front 1678:smmus 1355:62.1% 1326:Rabat 1315:62.6% 1295:87.9% 1275:51.3% 1235:66.1% 1215:16.8% 1195:53.7% 1146:Rank 994:Awzal 919:Šəlḥa 759:Aɛṛab 697:with 514:Šəlḥa 246:Latin 198:Atlas 20903:NGOs 20421:Siwa 20399:Jadu 20276:Data 20034:ISBN 20015:ISBN 19996:ISBN 19977:ISBN 19958:ISBN 19939:ISBN 19920:ISBN 19901:ISBN 19873:ISBN 19854:ISBN 19800:ISBN 19772:OCLC 19762:ISBN 19741:ISBN 19722:ISBN 19623:ISSN 19591:link 19571:ISBN 19552:ISBN 19533:ISBN 19494:ISBN 19428:ISBN 19409:ISBN 19390:ISBN 19371:ISBN 19320:ISBN 19301:ISBN 19259:link 19239:ISBN 19209:ISBN 19190:ISBN 19124:ISBN 19105:ISBN 19086:ISBN 19067:ISBN 19028:ISBN 18980:ISBN 18937:ISSN 18890:ISSN 18842:OCLC 18832:ISBN 18811:link 18793:OCLC 18783:ISBN 18732:link 18714:OCLC 18704:ISBN 18683:link 18665:OCLC 18655:ISBN 18634:link 18616:OCLC 18606:ISBN 18379:ISBN 18297:ISSN 18256:OCLC 18246:ISBN 18218:OCLC 18208:ISBN 18167:ISSN 18038:ISBN 18000:ISBN 17929:ISBN 17898:ISSN 17865:ISBN 17816:ISSN 17774:OCLC 17764:ISBN 17408:etc. 17374:and 17366:and 17220:zzka 17202:uẓum 17091:azal 17065:-job 16738:képi 16720:waga 16302:abla 15778:snat 15742:(or 15704:azrg 15693:ṭṭaf 15656:sḍis 15615:alln 15596:li/a 15538:nkki 15434:dark 15406:help 15289:what 15275:wmya 15267:ylli 15259:dari 15210:dars 15202:tlla 14745:help 14719:-jar 14682:them 14619:them 14594:and 14570:-ram 14516:wanu 14488:help 14446:from 14379:help 14358:wanu 14310:luḥɣ 14286:nɣiɣ 14245:-day 14149:wraɣ 14071:ggut 14064:igut 14045:drus 13504:ri/a 13469:li/a 13440:zwar 13433:zwar 13405:ksaḍ 13398:ksaḍ 13369:mmut 13362:mmut 13333:ffiɣ 13298:kkis 13263:ṭṭif 13156:ucki 13078:uzzl 13071:azzl 13050:iwis 13015:ukir 13001:ak°r 12980:umiẓ 12944:kkus 12937:kkus 12930:kkas 12874:uyll 12867:uyll 12860:ayll 12810:aṭṭa 12749:"go" 12714:"go" 12655:gi/a 12648:g(i) 12564:mmal 12529:akka 12494:ctta 12459:rẓẓa 12423:kkat 12388:ṭṭar 12345:rẓim 12310:ɣliy 12275:bdir 12247:ffrd 12240:frid 12212:kccm 12205:kcim 12169:nufl 12162:nufl 12155:nufl 12070:ttaɣ 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