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is larger than this one article. I am suggesting that someone more experienced than me decides how to implement the necessary improvement. For instance, should every relevant motor article have a mention of mounting arrangements? (These would include foot mounting, often where chain or belt drive is used, flange where direct drive is used and axial alignment is fairly critical, or "servo" where small clamps engaging a groove are used, but there is a registration diameter on the end of the motor, like flange mount, to centre it accurately in its location.) There are almost certainly a range of other mounting styles of which I have no knowledge, hence my desire for someone else to fix this.
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magnet and alternate teeth are magnetized with opposing polarity. By energising the winding to cause flux in one direction, rotor teeth of a certain polarity are attracted toward the energised stator teeth. By reversing the flux (in either a unipolar or bipolar motor) the same rotor teeth are repelled away from the energised stator teeth. Therefore reversing the magnetic flux, rather than simply switching current off, is an important part of achieving optimum stepper performance.
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863:). Also consider registering for an account. It seems that all of your contribs so far have been bare links to electojects.com and awardspace.com (I'm looking for others as well). Registering an account would keep all of your contributions under one name so that we might be able to see any contributions to
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slip-rings and coils on the rotors. This aspect becomes very clear once you drive the stepper in the microstepping mode when the analogy to the sine/ cosine drive waveform will be apparent. Also you can see in microstepping mode there is absolutely no way to stop the rotor in an arbitrary position.
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I have just taken a quartz clock to pieces and the motor in it has a permanent magnet rotor and a long U shaped stator with a coil around it: the ends of the U nearly touch the rotor. Why does it go around only one way in half turn steps each second? there is no mechanical ratchet. Also, this type of
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I suspect that we are all agreed about the meaning of the term, and how it relates to one of the common ways in which most types of electric motor (DC brushed or brushless, AC induction in particular) may be mounted. However the "Flange" Knowledge article does not mention motors at all. The omission
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The pictures show a simplified version of a unipolar stepper motor, and unipolar steppers do not require changing polarity. Bipolar stepper motors are probably the more commonly used type, and they do need reverse polarity. The description in the article is a little vague; you may want to google for
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The animated image in wrong in that stepper motors don't work that way. In a 2-phase stepper motor, there are just two electromagnets and the stepping sequence involves changing polarity. It is a nice image, but it is wrong. Having a wrong image is worse then having no image. The image is wrong,
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The notes above are correct, but may not be understandable since the explanations are not in lay terms. Essentially a unipolar application is analogous to a gas engine, where the motive force comes from an intermittent a pressure on one side of a cylinder. The alternative is a steam engine, where
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In an unipolar motor, the coils are either energized or not. Hence there is no change in the polarity in the coils. When the next coil the energized, the magnetized tooth is attracted towards the nearest coil. In a bipolar motor, the current direction is reversed and therefore both attraction by
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The pictures appear to show the operation of a
Switched Reluctance Motor, (one without a magnetized rotor), rather than a unipolar motor. It would appear entirely possible to drive a SRM in the way the questioner speculates. However in a more typical permanent magnet stepper, the rotor contains a
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This is a stepper motor. This has a very simple design and with each pulse the rotor moves 180 degrees and this is geared down to the seconds hand. The design is not critical on the pulse width or the pulse height (within limits) and depends on the frequency alone. Basically it has only one coil
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Freedomseven is correct, Dreadengineer is wrong. The figure is wrong and does not describe any successful unipolar motors. All motors with 4 opposed motor poles in the stator (toothed or not) have the poles wired in pairs, in series, so that the magnetic forces on the rotor are balanced and don't
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The images that illustrated stepping had been removed with the note that they were "wrong." I'm assuming this meant that the images are not the same as the actual construction of stepper motors. But the images are effective at communicating the basic idea of how stepper motors work. Also, they are
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I believe that stepper motors are commonly used in the analogue indicators of speedometers in modern motor vehicles. (I recently read a report, not on the internet, by a police crash investigator who has done research on the effect of crashes on these). This application is not mentioned on this
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I added some definition to motor types and made a minor change in the introduction, eliminating the reference to "normal DC motor". There is nothing abnormal about a stepper motor, it's a conventional synchronous DC motor. The original reference to "normal DC motor" is probably referring to an
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FreedomSeven, you're thinking of a bipolar stepper motor. The animation is of a unipolar stepper motor, which does work the way shown. Also, the motor in your link is a brushless DC motor, not a stepper motor. That page seems to be illustrating the driver circuit, not the motor type. Notice that
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I changed the "Fundamentals of
Operation" back to an earlier version, with a few edits. Stepper motors are very commonly used by hobbyists, so it's important to have an easily understood explanation of their operation. The previous explanation used terms such as external commutation, phases of a
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You are absolutely correct. If you draw the pulses with sine/ cosine waves, you can see that stepper motors are basically synchronous motors with rotors replaced with permanent magnets. As stepper motors are small (usually) this causes no serious problems. Large synchronous motors will need
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As a student, having read the article I still don't understand why it is required to reverse the polarity of the electromagnets at all - the clear demonstration using images suggests you just need to switch electromagnets on and off. Am I missing something or does the article not make the link
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asynchronous DC brush motor. The concept of "normal motor" is colloquial and is open to interpretation based on the experience of the reader. Overall, this article needs quite a bit of correction to get to proper descriptions in terms of physics and the engineering of electric machines. --
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For the same current, bipolar motors generate greater force or torque. However, average current in unipolar motors is about half that of bipolar motors. Hence bipolar motors run hotter. Most unipolar motors (with center tapped windings) can be used as bipolar motors (ignoring the center
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We may have a background of different engineering terms. The slant or skew found in the rotor laminstions of brush type DC motors and AC servo motors is to reduce cogging, the sine wave of torque that is superimposed on the intended torque generation. I suspect this is what you mean by
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Also, I'm not sure of the value of the last image on the page, which talks about motor configuration and says "everything is combineable." It's not clear what is illustrated by the image; it seems pulled from a page that talked about it in more detail. Does anyone think it adds value?
493:. It's true that the images don't illustrate that parts of the stator on both sides of the rotor will be energized, but adding that would add confusion to the picture and is unnecessary to explain the principle of operation. We can discuss it here if anyone disagrees.
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motor, magnetic reluctance, etc., all of which are valid, but are unnecessary for a basic understanding of fundamentals of operation. They should go in a different section, and the "Fundamentals" section should give a quick, basic understanding of how steppers work.
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Is there mistake in point number one of references? It is reference to book "Instrument
Engineers'...". On wikipedia page it says that the information about types of stepper motors are on page 2464 of that book, however they are on page 1377. Is it right?
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I don't understand why the latter part "Wave drive and single phase full step are both one and the same, with same number of steps but difference in torque." is in this subsection that is about full-step drivings. It makes this subsection uncleared.
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the pressure is alternately applied to either side of a cylinder. By moving from unipolar to bipolar, the each coil can not only pull on a rotor pole that it needs to approach, it can also push against a rotor pole that it needs to move away from.--
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page, and there is no mention of stepper motors on the "Sepeedometer" page either. Sorry but I don't know any more about this. Is there someone out there who does, who could add a biref mention in both this page and the speedometer page? Thanks --
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In order to understand the contents of the third paragraph, clarification of the concept phase in the context of stepper motors is needed. The explanation is based on this concept and thus requires the user to first figure out what it is elsewhere.
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Hard drive motors can be "sort of" thought of as stepper motors because the servo must use some kind of pole system to know where the spindle is to send it to the chip. But they are not STEPPER Motors; they are a type of DC Brush less.
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I added a physical description of how step motors work and some text to go with the figures; I thought it was kind of hard to get a basic idea of what step motors are from the page before. I also organized the unipolar vs. bipolar
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Another important difference is that in "normal" motors, the poles on the rotors are usually slanted at an angle to prevent latching. But this is precisely the effect we need in stepper motors and the poles are parallel to the
1563:"in microstepping mode there is absolutely to stop the rotor in an arbitrary position"? that makes no sense whatsoever. the current position is determined by the phase angle, which can certainly be held at a specific value. --
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I found a Naval
Electrical Pocket Book from 1933 at a car-boot sale, and was surprised to learn that step-by-step motors were used as early as the 1930s for setting the firing elevation and deflection on battle ships:
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For instance : in the introduction "Stepper motors are similar to switched reluctance motors": this applies to variable reluctance motors. The animated image describes a VR motor too. "fundamentals of operation" too.
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The article lacks some clarity and completeness about the distinction between parmanent magnet stepper motor and variable reluctance stepper motor. Some sections only apply to one type without even mentionning it.
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I saw the website electojects.com/motors and I wonder why you consider it a spam. It has many tutorials on electric motors including stepper. It is informative website (regrading of ads) from my point of view.
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that you make. If your intentions are merely to drive traffic to your sites, though, this would unmask that as well. If you truly only intend to be helpful, as you claim, registering is your logical move. -
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A "switched reluctance motor" is one type of stepper motor. A "switched reluctance drive" is the drive electronics or an adapted to that form of stepper motor or the entire drive system, electronics and
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load the motor bearings. In unipolar motor (that is, one with 3 wires per motor winding, one being a center tap), both motor windings are wound on both of the opposed stator poles. These are
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One important and popular application of stepper motors is in electronic (quartz) watches and clocks with an analogue face. The motor is used to drive the 'second hand' in steps of 1 second.-
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Unipolar motor drivers are easier to drive as the electronics needed is simpler. Bipolar motors need more complex circuits as the currents in each coil is either one way or the other.
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I'm going to start patrolling wikipedia for any links to electojects.com or redirects to it and deleting them on sight. If they come back, I'll move to blacklist the address.
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1698:== Title error of section "wave mode" (there are two full stepping modes, the first one most likely addresses a different topic "wave mode" - as mentioned in the text"
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Stepper motors are similar to DC Brush less motors due to the fact that they use poles in conjunction with magnetism. Insert non-formatted text here : -->
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I don't see why it is spam. It has 1)relevant information, 2)nothing for sale 3)no ads. It does not have to be a news article to be a good reference.
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I'm not very familiar with the subject or I would attempt to add a section or is there a reason there is nothing in the article regarding half stepping?
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the description below the image is also wrong. The image should show the two coils opposite each other working together and changing polarity. Like at
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Maybe it should be moved to the subsection above regarding wave drive. This senttence is also a bit unclear, so maybe also add some clearence to it.
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Please sign your additions to talk pages. End all of your comments with ~~~~ and it will add your username or IP address and the time. Thanks. -
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That link has been removed dozens of times from about a dozen articles by numerous editors who have identified it as spam. Here's why:
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i think stepper motor can also use as a vibrator, vibrational motor for capping bottle or shifting of any object from its container
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It could have a history section; other motor articles don't, though. Motor technology in general has been around for a long time.
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The device was electro-mechanical and human operated. They even did half-stepping. Should there be a
History section in here?
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Until then, I will continue removing these isolated spam links. Then I'll be removing your awardspace.com one as well. -
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Do SRD's bear any similarity to stepper motors as i tried looking for them on wikipeida and all i got was stepper motor.
546:. Specifically, bifilar wound, series connected, with center tap connected where the two windings are joined in series.
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Better description of why the voltage doesn't matter as much. (It matters only when you're trying to drive at high speed)
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Some of the applications are nowdays quiet obsolete. How many persons borns after 1990 knows what i floppydisk is?
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That's not how it works. The link must belong in the article according to policy. It does not. So out it goes.
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I can draw a timing diagram, but that gets lengthy and is something the reader better clarifies on her/his own
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Can u also add some data as to what will happen if two of the consecutive stators are simultaneously charged?
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contributions you have made to wikipedia are those links to your websites (and, perhaps, others). If this is
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and two poles with a (ferrite) magnetic rotor. I do not know how the direction of rotation is established.
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I removed the following text from the main page. Please feel free to readd it in a more coherent form.
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Sizing would be useful, a list of the NEMA standards, and if there are any standards for the can type.
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It increases torque some (maybe by 50% based on what I've read), and obviously doubles the power used.
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Anyone want to add schematics to show some of the things described? (the coils, the transistor drive)
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on
Knowledge. If you would like to participate, please visit the project page, where you can join
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Why it is a spam, IF it is a relevant and useful for readers, then it shouldn't be removed. -
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The link in question is registered to Abdoh Ali
Mohamed, Hay Swesri, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt.
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Why it is a spam, IF it is a relevant and useful for readers, then it shouldn't be removed.
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Scheduled for this weekend, please give a note here, If you are already working on this.--
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Juxtaposition with other brushless DC motors
Juxtaposition with other electric motors
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The section "two phase stepper motors" only describes permanent magnet stepper motors.--
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I wonder if the four IP addresses listed above have any connection... Naw, couldn't be.
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I believe the operation described in the figure in phase current waveform is that of a
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You've already said that, annonymous editor from Egypt. Do you have a new argument? -
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I have now removed the same user's links to her/his other site at awardspace.com from
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to the list. The last one is a dead ringer. The page is a disamb, and the link does
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http://www.aerodesign.de/peter/2001/LRK350/Warum_dreht_er_so_eng.html#Anker1164462
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between switching electromagnets on and off and having to change their polarity?
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not very different from motor construction; see the "hybrid" image on this page:
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the next coil and the repulsion by the previous coil generates a greater torque.
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phase unipolar stepper motor (according to the description above) and not a
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Stepper motor movements and speed are defined by which poles are on or off.
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Resonance problems - from load, and also driving at some frequencies : -->
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their motor picture is the same when you select the brushless DC option.
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Ok, then we should put a link in one article only (the most relevant).
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I'm sorry, annonymous editor from Egypt, that is incorrect. Please read
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Load interia vs. rotor inertia - steppers only operate in a narrow range
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Usually I draw "comparisons". So I could compare coil arangments.
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http://www.aerodesign.de/peter/2001/LRK350/LRK350-20-15_eng.html
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which has no relationship to the rest, other than the name. -
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This leads to more constant-motion applications than dynamic.
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Currently given animation is increasingly oversimplified.
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A link to electojects.com has been repeatedly added to
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An additional comment on this issue has been added to
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the case, please tell me what other contributions you
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Let's get real. You didn't just "see" that website.
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1652:Contact owner of this website to add these photos?
1153:Do what you think it is right and good for wiki.
626:I recommend that the following sections be added:
301:This article has not yet received a rating on the
1358:stepper motor is not described in the article. --
889:The awardspace.com link is from the same source.
510:http://en.nanotec.com/steppermotor_animation.html
338:Stepper motors have been used in micro machines.
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33:for general discussion of the article's subject.
743:Egypt is a big country. Must be a coincidence.
677:Why is Microstepping/Halfstepping not covered?
587:Hre is a site that has a little info on SRD's
375:5 phase motors (I don't know much about these)
423:I can also try to draw an electric schematic.
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1019:So far today, I've removed that link from
1807:Full-step drive (two phases on) - Unclear
1679:Clarification of the concept phase needed
797:. By the way, awardspace.com is next. -
1871:Unknown-importance Engineering articles
487:http://www.ams2000.com/stepping101.html
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1275:) is helpful, you havn't to remove it.
857:Knowledge:Spam#How_not_to_be_a_spammer
1633:phase as mentionned in the caption.--
795:Knowledge:Spam#External_link_spamming
491:http://www.sapiensman.com/step_motor/
720:Special:Contributions/217.53.107.168
716:Special:Contributions/82.201.156.201
712:Special:Contributions/217.53.109.235
261:This article is within the scope of
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1416:more description of the two types.
724:Special:Contributions/217.53.16.164
207:It is of interest to the following
23:for discussing improvements to the
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1075:. I'll run a full search shortly.
281:Knowledge:WikiProject Engineering
1876:WikiProject Engineering articles
1706:It says "remnant". Does it mean
1648:Someone add images and animation
284:Template:WikiProject Engineering
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45:Click here to start a new topic.
1539:01:37, 23 September 2009 (UTC)
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616:15:55, 13 September 2006 (UTC)
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359:I might get to these later...
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1655:How to build stepper motors.
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807:18:49, 28 December 2007 (UTC)
756:18:07, 28 December 2007 (UTC)
536:05:52, 15 February 2012 (UTC)
446:09:17, 20 December 2006 (UTC)
275:and see a list of open tasks.
42:Put new text under old text.
1866:C-Class Engineering articles
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416:code so you can improve it.
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1069:Brushless DC electric motor
708:Brushless DC electric motor
408:I plan to play around with
50:New to Knowledge? Welcome!
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303:project's importance scale
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1594:clarification about types
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1243:Brushed DC Electric Motor
1029:Electronic speed control‎
465:Fundamentals of Operation
351:01:53, 11 Apr 2005 (UTC)
342:Stepper motors are kool.
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80:Be welcoming to newcomers
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1307:Talk:Electric_motor#Spam
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633:1930 Step-by-step motors
590:Switch reluctance drives
577:Switch reluctance drives
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1198:Thanks. Same to you. -
1078:I strongly suspect the
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264:WikiProject Engineering
1488:mistake in references?
1388:Could someone clarify?
1273:electojects.com/motors
622:Comparison recommended
197:This article is rated
75:avoid personal attacks
1253:and -- the kicker --
1109:Synchronous condenser
933:Don't work like bots.
651:comment was added by
100:Neutral point of view
1053:Electrostatic motor‎
287:Engineering articles
105:No original research
1247:Electrostatic motor
859:(heck, read all of
1119:help with that! -
1049:Synchronous motor‎
256:Engineering portal
203:content assessment
86:dispute resolution
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1041:Induction motor‎
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1021:Repulsion motor‎
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1065:Electric motor‎
1037:Unipolar motor‎
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1787:— Preceding
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19:This is the
1496:—Preceding
1395:—Preceding
1353:Clock Motor
1327:—Preceding
1311:Mdsummermsw
1292:Mdsummermsw
1259:Mdsummermsw
1200:Mdsummermsw
1155:—Preceding
1121:Mdsummermsw
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963:Mdsummermsw
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896:Mdsummermsw
870:Mdsummermsw
822:—Preceding
799:Mdsummermsw
765:—Preceding
748:Mdsummermsw
412:, post the
278:Engineering
269:engineering
228:Engineering
148:free images
31:not a forum
1860:Categories
1817:HenrikBorg
1781:steppr use
1579:latching--
1435:Mark Beard
598:wouse101 (
1830:Animation
1502:Rumcajs00
1061:AC motor‎
1045:DC motor‎
88:if needed
71:Be polite
21:talk page
1789:unsigned
1708:remanent
1550:Ck.mitra
1510:contribs
1498:unsigned
1459:Ck.mitra
1397:unsigned
1375:Ck.mitra
1341:contribs
1329:unsigned
1239:DC motor
1157:unsigned
987:unsigned
950:contribs
938:unsigned
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824:unsigned
779:contribs
767:unsigned
649:unsigned
410:Inkscape
56:get help
29:This is
27:article.
1768:Tiger99
1686:Blecchi
1666:Ericg33
1333:Stuston
1255:Stepper
861:WP:SPAM
683:Thorney
581:hello,
199:C-class
154:WPÂ refs
142:scholar
1845:(talk)
1759:Flange
613:Atlant
607:motor.
480:Images
432:Arnero
349:(talk)
346:kmccoy
205:scale.
126:Google
1548:axis.
1457:tap).
1251:Motor
1113:Motor
1090:made.
368:: -->
367:: -->
341:: -->
337:: -->
331:: -->
327:: -->
169:JSTOR
130:books
84:Seek
1821:talk
1797:talk
1772:talk
1750:talk
1736:talk
1716:talk
1690:talk
1670:talk
1639:talk
1631:four
1612:talk
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1364:talk
1337:talk
1315:talk
1309:. -
1296:talk
1281:talk
1263:talk
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1165:talk
1125:talk
1111:and
1107:Add
1099:talk
1088:have
1080:only
1071:and
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967:talk
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900:talk
894:. -
874:talk
832:talk
803:talk
775:talk
752:talk
706:and
694:Spam
657:talk
568:talk
552:talk
532:talk
517:talk
499:talk
456:talk
399:talk
162:FENS
136:news
73:and
1841:NOV
1838:AXO
1627:two
1117:not
1084:not
710:by
414:SVG
389:AD
297:???
176:TWL
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