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peripheral nerve stimulators. However, there is absolutely no convention in this field that "neuroprosthetics" are specific to limbs as you wrote, or that "brain implants" are just for signal picking up (the article mentions for example the Utah array, which is a bidirectional device) - please provide a reliable external source that state this. Additionally, both articles do not make the distinction which I've just portrayed, and treat the topic as identical: the brain implant article, which is much shorter, deals extensively with stimulation and with ethical, philosophical and fictional aspects of stimulation. The neuroprosthetics article deals extensively which "pick-up signals", esp. those used for limbs...
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on the motor point of a muscle, this enables a low electrical threshold to be utilized . The external sensor measures voluntary movements that occur in the countralateral (opposite) shoulder and bases motor output commands on this information. A radiofrequency signal is then transmitted to the implanted receiver stimulator and is later converted to an electrical stimuli that depolarizes the peripheral nerve. Evaluations of the neuroprosthetic are performed based on clinical outcome which measure the improvement of hand function on scales of impairment and performance of daily living.
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million people worldwide by the year 2050. Due to increased life spans, more and more people are being affected by
Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimer's disease renders individuals incapable of supporting themselves. Many of the more severe cases of Alzheimer's patients end up in nursing homes. Even a small measure of success by cognitive implants would help keep Alzheimer's patients out of nursing homes.
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1110:, an area associated with this new memory formation has been attributed to blunt head trauma. Hippocampal dysfunction has also been linked to epileptic activity. This demonstrates the wide scope of neural damage and neurodegenerative disease conditions for which a hippocampal prosthesis would be clinically relevant.
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Neuroprosthetics have been shown to be an effective and safe method in restoring hand movement in adults following spinal cord injuries. This neuroprosthesis consists of an implanted receiver-stimulator, an external shoulder position sensor and a terminal electrode. The terminal electrode is placed
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for numerous patients. Parkinson's
Disease patients could benefit from a cortical device that mimics the natural signals needed to promote dopamine production. Another possible avenue for mitigation of PD is a device that supplements dopamine when given specific neuronal inputs which would let the
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I have reservations about the inclusion of the artificial cardiac pacemaker in this article. As far as I am aware, cardiac pacemakers stimulate the excitable tissue (read: muscle) of the heart directly not via the nervous system. There may be some (experimental?) cardiac pacemakers that seek to
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Alzheimer's disease is a presenile dementia characterized cellularly by the appearance of unusual helical protein filaments in nerve cells (neurofibrillary tangles), and by degeneration in cortical regions of brain, especially frontal and temporal lobes. It is projected to affect more than 107
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I second this notion, and not because the topics are identical either. Take
William Dobelle's work for example: How does one classify it? His system connect(ed) to a central computer so it is a BCI (strictly speaking). However, it also restores missing biological functions (sight) so it can be
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devices that pick-up neural signals, and pretty much all the brain-implanted devices that do not pick-up signals have nothing to do with limbs (sensory/therapeutic implants). Brain implants are actually a subset of
Neuroprosthetics, that include also sensory (cochlear and retinal) implants and
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According to the
Christopher and Dana Reeve Foundation's Paralysis Resource Center, approximately 6 million people are living with paralysis in the United States. Paralysis results from many sources, stroke, traumatic brain injury, neurodegenerative diseases like
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affect heart function by stimulation of the Vagus nerve, but if they exist they are certainly the exception, not the rule. And in any rate I have not been able to find any information about them. Are there any objections to the removal of this section? --
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sources. Many patients would benefit from a prosthetic device that controls limb movement via devices that read neurons in brain, calculate limb trajectory, and stimulate the needed motor pools to make movement. This technology is being developed at the
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Li, S., Arbuthnott, G. W., Jutras, M. J., Goldberg, J. A., & Jaeger, D. (2007). Resonant antidromic cortical circuit activation as a consequence of high-frequency subthalamic deep-brain stimulation. . Journal of
Neurophysiology, 98(6),
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Allman, B. L., Keniston, L. P., & Meredith, M. A. (2009). Adult deafness induces somatosensory conversion of ferret auditory cortex. Proceedings of the
National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 106(14),
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additionally considered a
Neuroprosthesis. These topics are far from the same but there is no need to keep them on separate pages given their considerable common ground. It confuses readers and gives editors more busywork IMO
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Berger, T. W., Ahuja, A., Courellis, S. H., Deadwyler, S. A., Erinjippurath, G., Gerhardt, G. A., et al. (2005). Restoring lost cognitive function. Ieee
Engineering in Medicine and Biology Magazine, 24(5),
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1094:. Degenerative hippocampal neurons are the root cause of the memory disorders that accompany Alzheimer's disease. Also, hippocampal pyramidal cells are extremely sensitive to even brief periods of
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A) include a broader spread of neuroprosthetics applications e.g. Functional
Neuromuscular Stimulation/FES, Implanted Stimulator-Telemeters, Artificial Pacemaker (also a neural prosthetic device).
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1122:(TBI) every year. Orthosis for TBI patients to control limb movement via devices that read neurons in brain, calculate limb trajectory, and stimulate needed motor pools to make movement.
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Cognitive prostheses seek to restore cognitive function to individuals with brain tissue loss due to injury, disease, or stroke by performing the function of the damaged tissue with
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Brookmeyer, R; Johnson, E; Ziegler-Graham, K; Arrighi, HM (July 2007). "Forecasting the global burden of Alzheimer's disease". Alzheimer's and Dementia 3 (3): 186–91.
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734:. Perhaps it would be worth shifting the Berger and Kennedy material there and using Neuroprosthetics as the high level article that links all the others together?
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B) complete the logical division between sensory and motor prostheses with a section on cognitive prostheses i.e. the proposed Hippocampal Implant.
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Zolamorgan, S. (1995). LOCALIZATION OF BRAIN-FUNCTION - THE LEGACY OF GALL,FRANZ,JOSEPH (1758-1828). . Annual Review of Neuroscience, 18, 359-383.
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suggest that the brain is capable of rewiring itself so that an area of the brain traditionally associated with a particular function (e.g.
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Helen Scharfman, ed (2007). The Dentate Gyrus: A comprehensive guide to structure, function, and clinical implications. 163. 1-840.
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Sounds like a good idea to me. For extra messiness, I see there is also a discussion about overlap with Brain-Computer interface.
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I think they are completely different. This one is about limbs but brain implant is on neural signal pickup from inside the brain
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Lackie JM. Alzheimer’s Disease. The dictionary of cell and molecular biology.Fifth edition. ed.: Elsevier/AP; 2013. p. 27-27.
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suggest that cortical implants to the speech areas of the brain can be developed to improve speech in such patients.
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Although this may be the case, it's not very encyclopaedic and to me reads like a news report or magazine article.
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There's a fundamental contradiction in the distinction that you made: motor prostheses (which are "about" limbs)
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Add Transhumanism navigation template on the bottom of all transhumanism articles; (use {{Transhumanism}} or see
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Approximately 7.5 million people in the United States have trouble speaking. Many of these can be attributed to
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established the role of the hippocampus in the formation of new memories. Loss of hippocampal neurons in the
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For example, "The future holds an exciting prospect for the every day use of a variety of neural prostheses."
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related articles on Knowledge. If you would like to participate, you can edit this article, or visit the
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and Advanced Bionics are significant commercial names in the emergent market of Deep Brain Stimulation.
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on Knowledge. If you would like to participate, please visit the project page, where you can join
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on Knowledge. If you would like to participate, please visit the project page, where you can join
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National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health.
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don't restore without finding independent reliable sources and fleshing this out so it is NPOV.
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stuff and/or is unsourced OR, or is OFFTOPIC handwavy stats about the market size/unmet need.
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Anderson Paper, Cole at NIH - specifically "Computer software as an orthosis for Brain Injury"
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Please help fix the broken anchors. You can remove this template after fixing the problems. |
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Please continuing editing - its needs it. One thing to watch is managing the overlap with
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The following needs to be completely rewritten to make it clear that it is talking about
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at Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, are developing a prosthetic for treatments of
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patients, those without the ability to move or speak, to communicate with others.
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Nearly 1 million people in the United States are affected by Parkinson's disease.
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Add ] to the bottom of all transhumanism related articles, so it shows up on the
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Show off a userbox with {{userWPA}} or {{userWPA2}} and attract potential members
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to restore cognitive function even if the native tissue has been destroyed.
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Keith, Michael W (2001-01-11). "NEUROPROSTHESES FOR THE UPPER EXTREMITY".
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I propose blanking neurobionics & redirecting it to neuroprosthetics
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at the University of Southern California, and Drs. Sam A. Deadwyler and
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Use a "standard" layout for transhumanism related articles (see:
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is the first venture capital funded neural prosthetic company.
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body regulate dopamine levels with its intrinsic sensors.
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More than 1.7 million people in the United States suffer
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I'm considering having a go at revising this article to:
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Try to expand stubs, however, some "new" articles may be
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Find/cite sources for all positions of an article (see
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Proposal to REDIRECT Neurobionics to Neuroprosthetics
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Brain Injury. Accessed 11/14/2009. Updated 07/2006.
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96:Neuroscience
87:Neuroscience
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59:Neuroscience
40:WikiProjects
1441:centralized
1380:WP:PRESERVE
1092:Alzheimer's
1088:hippocampal
903:dennis97519
697:Ben Houston
605:this merge
545:And always
471:To-do lists
419:To Do List:
331:Quick help:
255:is part of
1481:Categories
1350:: 253–263.
1308:3525-3537.
1238:5925-5930.
1202:References
1174:congenital
1008:this paper
940:Lisatansey
922:Lophostrix
888:Lophostrix
720:Simbamford
529:neologisms
198:Technology
189:technology
148:Technology
1395:Medtronic
1384:WP:BURDEN
1374:Unsourced
1187:locked in
1159:Paralysis
861:Test35965
736:Saganaki-
1149:aphasias
959:MrNick01
855:WTS!?!?!
827:Looie496
790:Looie496
782:contribs
687:Untitled
502:info box
382:be civil
1464:Cffisac
1445:Cffisac
1382:. Per
980:Klbrain
672:before.
603:against
449:be bold
428:history
299:on the
123:on the
30:C-class
1435:. See
1406:Jytdog
1361:Jytdog
1219:30-44.
1172:, and
1100:stroke
1096:anoxia
972:Oppose
812:Kookas
571:Expand
556:Create
486:, and
36:scale.
882:into
754:joeyo
593:into
436:purge
432:watch
1468:talk
1449:talk
1410:talk
1365:talk
1168:and
1016:talk
1004:this
984:talk
963:talk
944:talk
926:talk
907:talk
892:talk
865:talk
831:talk
816:talk
794:talk
776:talk
758:talk
653:Tip:
607:here
447:and
424:edit
380:and
371:and
358:and
349:and
314:Show
115:High
1404:--
1359:--
917:are
601:or
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291:Mid
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42::
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