787:. The construction was finally completed on the eighth month of 1621 and consecrated Qingling (庆陵). Finally, on the question of naming the emperor's reign, although the emperor had taken the formal era name of "Taichang", it was sandwiched between the 48th year of the Wanli era (1620) and the first year of the Tianqi era (1621). After much discussion, the Ming imperial court accepted Zuo Guangdou's suggestion to designate the Wanli era as having ended in the seventh lunar month of 1620, while the Taichang era spanned from the 8th to 12th months in the same year. The Tianqi era officially started from the first lunar month of 1621.
687:. According to Zhang Chai's confession, the two eunuchs had promised him rewards for assaulting the crown prince, thus indirectly implicating Lady Zheng in an assassination plot. Presented with incriminating evidence and the gravity of the accusations, the Wanli Emperor, in an attempt to spare Lady Zheng, personally presided over the case and laid full blame on the two eunuchs, who were executed along with Zhang Chai. Although the case was quickly hushed up, it did not squelch public discussions and eventually became known as the "Case of the Wooden Staff Assault" (梃擊案), one of three notorious mysteries of the late Ming dynasty.
32:
600:
dissatisfaction with the succession persisted. In 1615, the court was rocked by an unusual scandal when a man named Zhang Chai armed himself with a wooden staff and broke into the
Forbidden City, specifically targeting the Crown Prince's palace. While the initial investigation deemed him insane, another investigator suggested the involvement of two eunuchs close to Lady Zheng. Both eunuchs were swiftly executed, but speculation about the true perpetrators of the plot continued to circulate.
1692:
be applied for a few months. Thus, quite an extraordinary situation resulted from this choice: the 7th month of the 48th year of the Wanli era was followed by the 8th month of the 1st year of the
Taichang era (the 1st year of the Taichang era, in fact the only year of the Taichang era, lacks its first seven months), then the 12th month of the 1st year of the Taichang era was to be followed by the 1st month of the 1st year of the Tianqi era.
667:-educated ministers who insisted that the Emperor adhered to dynastic traditions. Frustrated by the multiple petitions to install Zhu Changluo as crown prince, the Wanli Emperor decided to stonewall the issue and left the question of his designated heir in suspense. Some historians have suggested that the impasse on the selection of crown prince was part of the cause of the Wanli Emperor's withdrawal from daily government administration.
1709:) of referring to the calendar year after the emperor's reign. However, because the Taichang Emperor's reign was so short, the Taichang era became lost between "48th year of the Wanli era" (1620) and "1st year of the Taichang era" (1621). Secondly, the reigning emperor's era name was usually inscribed on newly minted copper currency and as no coinage with Taichang era name was minted while the Taichang Emperor was alive. All
106:
1940:《明史·本紀第二十一》：四十八年七月，神宗崩。丁酉，太子遵遗诏发帑金百万犒边。尽罢天下矿税，起建言得罪诸臣。己亥，再发帑金百万充边赏。八月丙午朔，即皇帝位。大赦天下，以明年为泰昌元年。蠲直省被灾租赋。己酉，吏部侍郎史继偕、南京礼部侍郎沈飗为礼部尚书兼东阁大学士，预机务。辽东大旱。庚申，兰州黄河清，凡三日。甲子，礼部侍郎何宗彦、刘一燝、韩爌为礼部尚书兼东阁大学士，预机务。乙丑，南京礼部尚书朱国祚为礼部尚书兼东阁大学士，预机务。召叶向高。遣使恤刑。丙寅，帝不豫。戊辰，召对英国公张惟贤、大学士方从哲等十有三人于乾清宫，命皇长子出见。甲戌，大渐，复召从哲等受顾命。是日，鸿胪寺官李可灼进红丸。九月乙亥朔，崩于乾清宫，在位一月，年三十有九。熹宗即位，从廷臣议，改万历四十八年八月后为泰昌元年。冬十月，上尊谥，庙号光宗，葬庆陵。 赞曰：……光宗潜德久彰，海内属望，而嗣服一月，天不假年，措施未展，三案构争，党祸益炽，可哀也夫！
762:
notorious 'mysteries' of the late Ming dynasty. Consort Kang of the Li Clan was also involved in this matter. The fate of Li Kezhuo, whose pills were at the center of this controversy, became a hotly contested subject between competing power factions of officials and eunuchs vying for influence at the Ming imperial court. Opinions ranged from awarding him money for the emperor's initial recovery to
628:. After it was discovered that Lady Wang was pregnant, the Emperor was persuaded by his mother to make her a concubine and awarded her the title "Consort Gong of the Second Grade" (恭妃). However she was never one of the Wanli Emperor's favourite consorts. After his birth, Zhu Changluo was largely ignored by his father even though he, as the firstborn son of the emperor, was by default the
1818:" (明史·光宗本纪), documented two separate instances in the years 1603 and 1613, when pamphlets of unknown origins accusing Lady Zheng of plotting to remove the crown prince received widespread public circulation. Although several suspects were eventually apprehended, official investigations ordered by the Wanli Emperor never satisfactorily establish the culprits behind the pamphlets.
738:
finally starting to be filled, and many of the deeply unpopular extraordinary taxes and duties imposed by the Wanli
Emperor were also revoked at this time. However, ten days after his coronation, the Taichang Emperor became so ill that celebrations for his birthday (by Chinese calculation) were cancelled.
1691:
era would be considered ended since 27 August 1620, the last day of the 7th month in the
Chinese calendar. The period from 28 August 1620 (1st day of the 8th month, which was the day on which Taichang had ascended the throne) until 21 January 1621 would become the Taichang era, enabling this era to
682:
In 1615, the Ming imperial court was hit by a mysterious scandal. A man called Zhang Chai, armed only with a wooden staff, managed to drive away the eunuchs guarding the palace gates and break into Ciqing Palace—then the crown prince's living quarters. Zhang Chai was eventually subdued and thrown in
761:
The death of an emperor who was seemingly in good health within the span of a month sent shock waves through the Ming Empire and rumours started spreading. The much talked about mystery surrounding the
Taichang Emperor's death became known as the infamous "Case of the Red Pills" (红丸案), one of three
757:
It was recorded in official Ming histories that the
Taichang Emperor felt much better after taking the red pill, regained his appetite and repeatedly praised Li Kezhuo as a "loyal subject". That same afternoon, the emperor took a second pill and was found dead the next morning on 26 September 1620.
1917:
The "Red Pills" (紅丸; or 红铅金丹) were a
Chinese apothecary concoction popular during the mid Ming dynasty. It contained among its many ingredients "red lead" (dried powdered female menstrual blood), "autumn stone" (crystallized urinal salts) baked into the form of a pill that claims to be an "energy"
782:
The
Taichang Emperor's unexpected death threw the Ming imperial court into some logistical disarray. Firstly, the court was still officially in mourning over the death of the Wanli Emperor, whose corpse at this point was still lying in state waiting for an auspicious date to be interred. Secondly,
670:
Caught in this political limbo, Zhu
Changluo was deliberately not assigned a regular tutor or given any systematic Confucian education even after he started school at the age of 13, an unusually late age for Ming princes to begin their education. In 1601, the Wanli Emperor gave in to pressure from
737:
The first few days of his reign started promisingly enough as recorded in the Ming histories. Two million taels of silver was entailed as a gift to the troops guarding the border, important bureaucratic posts left vacant during the Wanli
Emperor's long periods of administrative inactivity were
599:
In 1601, the Wanli Emperor finally succumbed to the pressure of ministers, officials, and above all his mother, and officially appointed nineteen-year-old Zhu Changluo as the crown prince and rightful heir to the throne. However, even with this formal recognition, intrigue and the emperor's
1783:
distinction was made. Although the Wanli Emperor's empress never bore a son, Zhu Changluo's position as the eldest among the emperor's sons and claim to the position of crown prince would be superseded if the empress gave birth to a son or if the emperor made his favourite Lady Zheng
603:
The Wanli Emperor died on 18 August 1620, and Zhu Changluo officially ascended the throne as the Taichang Emperor on 28 August. However, just a few days after his coronation, he fell ill and died on 26 September 1620, despite attempts at treatment. The Taichang Emperor's eldest son,
1907:
Official Ming histories (明史 & 明史紀事本末) stated that the number of women presented by Lady Zheng as four. Lady Zheng's motive for the gift was never explained. It could either be an effort to get into the emperor's good books or the latest in the long series of attempts to kill
588:'s reign. His mother, Lady Wang, was a servant of the emperor's mother. Lady Wang was promoted, but did not gain the favor of the Wanli Emperor, and her son, despite being the emperor's eldest, was ignored by him. Instead, the Wanli Emperor showed preference towards
1713:
coins bearing the marking "Taichang" were minted during the reign of the Taichang Emperor's son, the Tianqi Emperor. Thus "Taichang" is also known as the "emperor without an era name", and commonly referred to by his temple name as the "Emperor Guangzong of Ming"
741:
According to non-official primary sources, the Taichang Emperor's illness was brought about by excessive sexual indulgence after he was presented with eight maidens by Lady Zheng. The emperor's already serious condition was further compounded by severe
783:
all imperial tombs were custom made by the reigning emperor and there was no proper place to bury the Taichang Emperor, who had only just ascended the throne. A tomb was hastily commissioned over the foundation of the demolished tomb of the
596:. This led to the Wanli Emperor's intention to appoint Zhu Changxun as crown prince, but it faced strong opposition from the ministers. As a result, the matter remained at a standstill for many years due to the stubbornness of both sides.
698:. He ordered her punished, Lady Liu died during the ordeal. It is debated whether the crown prince ordered her to be killed or if her death was an accident. Fearing that this incident would further turn his father against him and towards
750:, recommended by an attending eunuch Cui Wensheng on 10 September. Finally on 25 September, to counter the effects of the laxative, he asked for and took a red pill presented by a minor court official named Li Kezhuo, who dabbled in
683:
prison. Although initial investigations found him to be a lunatic, upon further investigations by a magistrate named Wang Zhicai, Zhang Chai confessed to being party to a plot instigated by two eunuchs working under
1687:, and according to the law the Tianqi era was now scheduled to start on 22 January 1621, so that the Taichang era would never exist in practice. In order to honor his father, the new emperor decided that the
1682:
The Taichang era should have started on 22 January 1621; however, the emperor died before the start of his era. His era name means "Great goodness" or "Great prosperity". He was succeeded by his son the
565:
and succeeded his father as emperor in 1620. However, his reign came to an abrupt end less than one month after his coronation when he was found dead one morning in the palace following a bout of
2331:
1836:
The 'Three Mysteries of Late Ming' (明宫三案) referred to the Case of the Wooden Staff Assault (梃擊案), the Case of the Red Pills (红丸案), and the Case of Palace Removal (移宫案).
1749:(淑女), beneath which were palace attendants. "Lady Gong", in this case, was a palace attendant elevated to the rank of a consort of the second (most senior) grade.
1898:"National Discussions" (国榷) completed in the 1650s, & "Book of Ming" (明書; also known as 罪惟錄) a seventeenth-century privately written record of Ming history.
608:, then became the new Ming ruler. The death of the relatively young emperor sparked suspicion, speculation, and recrimination among different court factions.
1918:
booster and an aphrodisiac. The formula is collected in a volume titled "Wondrous Methods for Life Extension" (摄生众妙方) edited by a Ming scholar Zhang Shiqie.
766:
for murdering the emperor. The question was finally settled in 1625 when Li Kezhuo was exiled to the border regions on the order of the powerful eunuch
675:. However this formal recognition did not signal the end of court intrigues. Rumours of the Wanli Emperor's intention to replace Zhu Changluo with
2295:
2327:
1723:
Apart from the empress, there were seven grades of consorts in the Ming palace system. These in their order of seniority were Huang Guifei
1970:
671:
his ministers and more importantly from the empress dowager and a 19-year-old Zhu Changluo was formally instated as crown prince and
1759:
The Ming dynasty followed a strict patrilineal line of succession. Among the emperor's sons, those born to the empress were called
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The Wanli Emperor died on 18 August 1620 and was succeeded by Zhu Changluo on 28 August 1620, the latter's 38th birthday by
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as crown prince over the seniority of Zhu Changluo, but his intention was met with vehement opposition by most of his
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636:) according to the Ming dynasty's traditional rules of succession. He was born shortly after his elder sister, the
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This article is about the Ming dynasty emperor. For other emperors who used an era name called Taichang, see
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734:"Taichang" (literally "grand prosperity") for his reign, hence he is known as the Taichang Emperor.
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The Cambridge History of China Volume 7 The Ming Dynasty, 1368—1644, Part I
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581:", means "grand prosperity." His reign was the shortest in Ming history.
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Zhu Changluo was born in 1582, the 10th year of the Wanli era, to the
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569:. He was succeeded by his son, Zhu Youjiao, who was enthroned as the
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in this instance. This stemmed from the Chinese practice (up to the
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1763:(嫡子) while those born to the emperor's other consorts were called
1858:[History of Ming, Volume 114, Historical Biographies 2].
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In 1615, the crown prince became infuriated with his concubine,
1701:
Chinese emperors are commonly known by their era name, such as
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Chongtian Qidao Yingrui Gongchun Xianwen Jingwu Yuanren Yixiao
123:
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174:
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Zhu Changluo was born in 1582, during the tenth year of the
702:, the crown prince had Lady Liu secretly buried in the
1004:; d. 1644), and had issue (three sons, two daughters)
644:'s eldest child and only child with his primary wife
545:; 28 August 1582 – 26 September 1620), personal name
1827:
The two eunuchs were named Pang Bao, and Liu Cheng.
943:; 1611 – 8 February 1633), personal name Huijing (
852:; 23 December 1605 – 30 September 1627), first son
1814:"Ming Official Court History – The Chronicles of
2342:
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1802:Veritable Records of the Ming: Ninth Biographies
730:. Upon his coronation, Zhu Changluo adopted the
659:, his younger son born to his favourite consort
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888:; 6 February 1611 – 25 April 1644), fifth son
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1133:Lady of Selected Service, of the Zhao clan (
1113:Lady of Selected Service, of the Wang clan (
655:. The Wanli Emperor openly preferred naming
1673:that remained in use in England until 1752.
1652:Dates before October 1582 are given in the
434:(泰昌): 28 August 1620 – 21 January 1621
2067:
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1888:. Cambridge University Press. p. 593.
104:
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958:) in 1627, and had issue (four daughters)
624:, who served under the Emperor's mother,
76:Learn how and when to remove this message
1971:United States Government Printing Office
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679:continued to surface through the years,
39:This article includes a list of general
290: 1601; died 1613)
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1075:; 1621–1621), personal name Huizheng (
980:; 30 November 1610 – 1615), fourth son
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1163:; 1606–1607), personal name Huixian (
819:; 1604–1610), personal name Huijian (
592:, the son of his favorite concubine,
1966:Eminent Chinese of the Ch'ing Period
1634:List of Emperors of the Ming dynasty
1086:Concubine Xiang, of the Zhang clan (
899:; 5 December 1588 – 6 December 1624)
241:Taichang 1, 1st day of the 9th month
25:
1629:Chinese emperors family tree (late)
1128:; 14 August 1609 – 1616), third son
989:; 1611–1643), personal name Huiti (
694:, who was the mother of the future
225:Wanli 10, 11th day of the 8th month
13:
1947:
1927:Ming Court History, "Biography of
1060:Concubine Shen, of the Shao clan (
141:28 August 1620 – 26 September 1620
45:it lacks sufficient corresponding
14:
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1154:Zhu Huiheng (朱徽姮), third daughter
1104:Concubine Ding, of the Guo clan (
1049:Zhu Youshan, Prince Zhao of Hui (
1029:Zhu Youxu, Prince Huai of Xiang (
855:Zhu Youxue, Prince Huai of Jian (
1040:Consort Jing, of the Feng clan (
175:Crown Prince of the Ming dynasty
30:
16:15th emperor of the Ming dynasty
1934:
1921:
1911:
1901:
1892:
974:Zhu Youmo, Prince Hui of Huai (
561:. He was the eldest son of the
371:Zhu Youshan, Prince Zhao of Hui
368:Zhu Youxu, Prince Huai of Xiang
354:Zhu Youxue, Prince Huai of Jian
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1095:Concubine Ke, of the Li clan (
1020:Consort Yi, of the Ding clan (
965:Consort Kang, of the Li clan (
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1:
2361:17th-century Chinese monarchs
2296:5 Dynasties & 10 Kingdoms
1794:History Office, ed. (1620s).
1639:
714:had Lady Liu reburied in the
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360:Zhu Youmo, Prince Hui of Huai
2366:Emperors of the Ming dynasty
2076:Emperors of the Ming dynasty
1660:proleptic Gregorian calendar
1411:Taichang Emperor (1582–1620)
1178:; 1608–1609), fifth daughter
1122:Zhu Youji, Prince Si of Qi (
1015:; 1616–1617), tenth daughter
902:Consort Yi, of the Fu clan (
7:
2023:Emperor of the Ming dynasty
1862:(in Chinese). Lishi Chunqiu
1622:
1193:
764:executing his entire family
559:emperor of the Ming dynasty
132:Emperor of the Ming dynasty
10:
2382:
1804:] (in Chinese). Ctext.
1662:. Dates after October 1582
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357:Zhu Youji, Prince Si of Qi
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1357:Empress Dowager Xiaoding
1274:Empress Xiaoke (d. 1554)
867:Empress Dowager Xiaochun
861:; 1607–1610), second son
721:
626:Empress Dowager Xiaoding
620:and a palace attendant,
516:Empress Dowager Xiaojing
332:(died 1614)
322:Empress Dowager Xiaochun
311:(died 1619)
1771:s took precedence over
1055:; b. 1620), seventh son
746:after taking a dose of
426:Era name and dates
203:Crown Prince Zhu Cilang
60:more precise citations.
831:Empress Dowager Xiaohe
301:Empress Dowager Xiaohe
193:Crown Prince Zhu Yijun
116:National Palace Museum
1960:"Chu Ch'ang-lo"
1955:Hummel, Arthur W. Sr.
998:Married Gong Yonggu (
718:next to her husband.
110:Palace portrait on a
952:Married Qi Zanyuan (
949:), seventh daughter
833:, of the Wang clan (
802:Empress Xiaoyuanzhen
646:Empress Xiaoduanxian
276:Empress Xiaoyuanzhen
252:Qingling Mausoleum,
926:Married Liu Youfu (
869:, of the Liu clan (
804:, of the Guo clan (
796:Consorts and Issue:
728:Western calculation
685:Noble Consort Zheng
661:Noble Consort Zheng
1666:Gregorian calendar
1333:Li Wei (1527–1583)
1187:), eighth daughter
1169:), fourth daughter
1157:Princess Daoshun (
995:), ninth daughter
937:Princess Suiping (
923:), sixth daughter
825:), second daughter
813:Princess Huaishu (
638:Princess Rongchang
421:Zhu Changluo (朱常洛)
2338:
2337:
2043:
2042:
2034:Succeeded by
2002:26 September 1620
1982:Taichang Emperor
1707:Republic of China
1664:are given in the
1619:
1618:
1151:), first daughter
1069:Princess Daowen (
911:Princess Ningde (
880:Chongzhen Emperor
878:Zhu Youjian, the
842:Zhu Youjiao, the
712:Chongzhen Emperor
696:Chongzhen Emperor
521:
520:
473:
472:
453:(崇天契道英睿恭純憲文景武淵仁懿孝
364:Chongzhen Emperor
235:26 September 1620
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85:
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2214:Prince of Lu (魯)
2203:Prince of Lu (潞)
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2027:Emperor of China
2013:Preceded by
2003:
1996:
1978:
1977:
1974:
1962:
1941:
1938:
1932:
1925:
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1856:"《明史》卷一百十四 列传第二"
1848:
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1243:Longqing Emperor
1199:
1198:
1186:
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1145:Princess Daoyi (
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333:
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1217:Jiajing Emperor
1196:
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389:Princess Ningde
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2014:
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1995:28 August 1582
1984:
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149:28 August 1620
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2190:Southern Ming
2187:
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2129:(Restoration)
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2016:Wanli Emperor
2011:
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1298:Wanli Emperor
1294:
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1008:
997:
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972:
971:; 1584–1674)
964:
951:
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924:
910:
909:
908:; 1588–1644)
901:
892:
881:
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875:; 1588–1615)
868:
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841:
840:
839:; 1582–1619)
832:
829:
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811:
810:; 1580–1613)
803:
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768:Wei Zhongxian
765:
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729:
719:
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704:Western Hills
701:
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673:heir apparent
668:
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642:Wanli Emperor
639:
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631:
630:heir apparent
627:
623:
619:
618:Wanli Emperor
609:
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586:Wanli Emperor
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563:Wanli Emperor
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506:Wanli Emperor
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158:Wanli Emperor
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107:
102:
89:
80:
77:
69:
66:November 2018
59:
55:
49:
48:
42:
37:
28:
27:
22:
2284:N. Dynasties
2280:S. Dynasties
2162:
2021:
1999:
1992:
1987:House of Zhu
1985:
1964:
1936:
1928:
1923:
1913:
1903:
1894:
1885:
1864:. Retrieved
1859:
1852:Zhang Tingyu
1832:
1823:
1815:
1810:
1801:
1796:
1789:
1780:
1776:
1772:
1768:
1764:
1760:
1755:
1748:
1744:
1740:
1736:
1732:
1728:
1724:
1719:
1711:Ming dynasty
1702:
1697:
1678:
1648:
1468:Wang Chaocai
1181:Zhu Huiwan (
1035:), sixth son
795:
794:
781:
760:
756:
740:
736:
725:
700:Zhu Changxun
689:
681:
677:Zhu Changxun
669:
657:Zhu Changxun
653:crown prince
650:
634:crown prince
615:
602:
598:
590:Zhu Changxun
583:
547:Zhu Changluo
546:
540:
524:
522:
454:
450:
446:
237:(1620-09-26)
146:Enthronement
72:
63:
44:
2356:1620 deaths
2351:1582 births
2276:16 Kingdoms
1658:not in the
1522:(1565–1611)
1359:(1545–1614)
1300:(1563–1620)
1245:(1537–1572)
1219:(1507–1567)
606:Zhu Youxiao
542:Tàichāng Dì
463:Temple name
401:Zhu Huizhao
386:Zhu Huiweng
380:Zhu Huiheng
243:(泰昌元年九月初一日)
227:(萬曆十年八月十一日)
189:Predecessor
154:Predecessor
58:introducing
2345:Categories
2268:3 Kingdoms
2238:(doubtful)
1745:(选侍), and
1640:References
1139:; d. 1620)
752:apothecary
716:Ming tombs
612:Early life
594:Lady Zheng
395:Zhu Huiwan
254:Ming tombs
219:1582-08-28
41:references
2198:Hongguang
2173:Chongzhen
1931:"(明史·韩爌传)
1388:Lady Wang
932:) in 1626
744:diarrhoea
665:Confucian
622:Lady Wang
199:Successor
184:1601–1620
164:Successor
2232:(regent)
2216:(regent)
2205:(regent)
2163:Taichang
2153:Longqing
2133:Chenghua
2127:Yingzong
2117:Yingzong
1929:HanGuang
1816:Taichang
1797:明實錄：列传第九
1784:empress.
1703:Taichang
1623:See also
1194:Ancestry
1142:Unknown
872:孝純皇太后 劉氏
836:孝和皇太后 王氏
807:孝元貞皇后 郭氏
748:laxative
732:era name
692:Lady Liu
579:Taichang
575:era name
567:diarrhea
432:Taichang
265:Consorts
2148:Jiajing
2143:Zhengde
2138:Hongzhi
2122:Jingtai
2097:Jianwen
1866:22 June
1743:Xuanshi
1725:(皇贵妃),
1577:Lady Ge
1125:齊思王 朱由楫
1052:慧昭王 朱由橏
1032:湘懷王 朱由栩
977:懷惠王 朱由模
896:恭懿莊妃 李氏
885:崇禎帝 朱由檢
858:簡懷王 朱由㰒
849:天啓帝 朱由校
708:Beijing
551:Chinese
529:Chinese
491:Dynasty
447:Emperor
334:
330:
326:
313:
309:
305:
292:
284:
280:
258:Beijing
54:improve
2308:W. Xia
2236:Dingwu
2230:Dongwu
2225:Yongli
2220:Shaowu
2209:Longwu
2168:Tianqi
2112:Xuande
2107:Hongxi
2102:Yongle
2092:Hongwu
1998:
1767:(庶子).
1741:(才人),
1739:Cairen
1737:(贵人),
1735:Guiren
1729:(贵妃),
1727:Guifei
1714:(明光宗).
791:Family
778:Legacy
640:; the
573:. His
553::
539::
537:pinyin
531::
512:Mother
502:Father
248:Burial
181:Tenure
124:Taiwan
120:Taipei
43:, but
2252:Shang
2158:Wanli
2031:1620
2000:Died:
1993:Born:
1800:[
1781:shuzi
1773:shuzi
1765:shuzi
1747:Shunü
1733:(嫔),
1689:Wanli
1136:選侍 趙氏
1116:選侍 王氏
1107:定嬪 郭氏
1098:恪嬪 李氏
1089:襄嬪 張氏
1063:慎嬪 邵氏
1043:敬妃 馮氏
1023:懿妃 定氏
968:康妃 李氏
905:懿妃 傅氏
722:Reign
706:near
479:House
416:Names
342:Issue
328:
307:
286:(
282:
138:Reign
2324:Qing
2320:Ming
2316:Yuan
2304:Song
2300:Liao
2292:Tang
2256:Zhou
2084:Ming
1908:him.
1868:2017
1777:dizi
1769:Dizi
1761:dizi
1160:悼順公主
1148:悼懿公主
1072:悼溫公主
986:樂安公主
940:遂平公主
914:寧德公主
816:懷淑公主
523:The
496:Ming
451:Zhen
232:Died
213:Born
2332:PRC
2328:ROC
2312:Jīn
2288:Sui
2272:Jìn
2264:Han
2260:Qin
2248:Xia
1731:Bin
1184:朱徽婉
1175:朱徽㜲
1012:朱徽妱
1001:鞏永固
955:齊贊元
929:劉有福
577:, "
555:朱常洛
533:泰昌帝
484:Zhu
455:貞皇帝
96:泰昌帝
2347::
2330:/
2326:→
2322:→
2318:→
2314:→
2310:/
2306:/
2302:/
2298:→
2294:→
2290:→
2286:→
2282:/
2278:→
2274:/
2270:→
2266:→
2262:→
2258:→
2254:→
2250:→
1969:.
1963:.
1876:^
1841:^
1166:徽嫙
1119:)
1078:徽姃
1066:)
1046:)
1026:)
992:徽媞
946:徽婧
920:徽妍
822:徽娟
774:.
754:.
648:.
535:;
288:m.
256:,
122:,
118:,
2182:明
2068:e
2061:t
2054:v
1973:.
1870:.
1779:-
1656:,
1110:)
1101:)
1092:)
882:(
846:(
632:(
549:(
527:(
457:)
221:)
217:(
79:)
73:(
68:)
64:(
50:.
23:.
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