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the remains of the left wing tip where it had been left by the impact. Because of a design wiring defect both the pilot's and copilot's RMI gauges were driven by the same
Fluxgate compass which was the one recovered. As a result, there was no opportunity for either pilot to be aware of the erroneous data displayed on their RMIs. While "in order to accept the theory offered, the Board must conclude that both crew members were completely oblivious to all these indications, that their attention was focused entirely on the RMI, and that they did not cross-check any other flight instruments", this evidence convinced the CAB to amend the accident report to include instrument error as a possible contributing factor. The CAB's third version of their Accident Report discussed their willingness to work cooperatively with experts from the airline and the pilots' association toward revising its previous report.
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332:, a popular tourist attraction, on brightly lit days as the wreckage sits just underneath the tram. Fifty years after the crash, Hugh Prather, a man who grew up in the shadows of the Sandia Mountains, fixed a simple memorial to the largest piece of remaining wreckage. The memorial states the names of the sixteen victims and a brief description of the crash. The location of the crash is locally referred to as "TWA Canyon", and the ridge that Flight 260 struck is known locally as "Dragons Tooth".
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301:(CAB) Accident Investigation Report was released on October 12, 1955. Originally the cause was believed to be that the pilots were "intentionally flying the plane into the mountain". This initial CAB "probable cause" adopted a widespread rumor: it implied a "suicide pact" between the two airline pilots. An amended accident report was released by CAB on August 26, 1957, which deleted the word "intentional".
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weather conditions. Captain Ivan Spong initiated his career as a test pilot for Cessna
Aircraft and also served as a flight instructor. During World War II, Captain Spong undertook flights to transport supplies, payroll, and provide transportation for injured U.S. soldiers and German war prisoners. Subsequent to the war, he began his training with TWA in 1942 and eventually became a captain.
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Captain Larry DeCelles worked cooperatively with the CAB's investigators to understand pilot reports of latent faults in a fluxgate compass that only appeared after extended intervals with turn bank-angle. After these investigations, the CAB issued a third version of the report on June 15, 1960. The
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Captain Spong's wife, Jean Spong, began receiving harassing phone calls and mail in the aftermath of the crash, especially once the initial CAB report was released. Additionally, her son was bullied at school by other kids. Eventually, Jean and her son moved from Kansas City to
Phoenix to live with
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First
Officer Jesse James Creason Jr., formally known as J.J., acquired his aircraft experience through operating crop dusters, receiving flight training, and serving in the U.S. Army Air Corps. He began flying for TWA in 1952 and grew a good understanding of the Albuquerque route, having completed
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received an IFR clearance from the
Albuquerque tower ("ATC clears TWA 260 for approach at the Santa Fe Airport via Victor 19 climb northbound on the back course of the ILS localizer"). There were no further communications after the aircraft took off at 7:05. It was last seen in a high-speed shallow
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On May 14 members of the New Mexico
Mountain Club who had participated in the initial recovery effort returned to the site to recover and bury any human remains left at the site before the summer climbing season. They collected over 150 pounds of remains and also recovered a Fluxgate compass from
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Captain Ivan Spong, the pilot of Flight 260, had a good understanding of the
Albuquerque-Santa Fe route because he had flown it a dozen times that month. According to a family member quoted by Charles Williams, the pilot expressed uneasiness when he had to make the trip to Santa Fe in unfavorable
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According to the
National Historic Preservation Act of 1966, any historic site that is 50 years or older is protected. The TWA wreckage met the 50-year mark in 2005, making removing any plane wreckage illegal. Therefore, the TWA wreckage is considered a historic site. Wreckage from the craft can
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The aircraft for flight 260 was seventy-four feet and seven inches long and twenty-eight feet and five inches tall. This allowed the aircraft to have plenty of room to carry the maximum amount of forty passengers. Its wingspan spanned ninety-three feet and three inches and had a maximum speed of
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At 7:13 the flight crashed into Sandia
Mountain killing all 13 passengers and three crew members on board. Authorities were not aware of the crash location until the next morning when a cargo pilot spotted the wreckage. Due to the complex mountainous terrain, several members of the New Mexico
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The bodies of the victims were recovered over the span of four days. On the early morning of
February 20, approximately 400 Explorer Scouts and Boy Scout leaders joined the group search alongside Airmen and State Police officers already involved.
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can not be disproven. Such error may account for the initial directional error of the flight heading the aircraft toward the Sandia Mountains. However, it can not account for the continued flight long past time the crew should have noticed the
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in the recovery efforts. This later led to the formation of the Albuquerque Mountain Rescue Council, a volunteer organization still active today. Mountaineers George Boatman and Frank Powers were the first people to reach the crash site.
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her husband's sister and cousin in order to get away from the harassment. As per New Mexico law at the time, the insurance claims for the passengers was limited to $ 10,000 per victim. These payments were to be paid by the airline.
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updated report listed the probable cause as "deviation from the prescribed flight path for reasons unknown" given that malfunction of the fluxgate compass as a contributing factor could not be entirely ruled out.
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Moskos, Harry (August 8, 2010). "From a February morning so long ago, a tragedy is not forgotten; "The Crash of TWA Flight 260" by Charles M. Williams University of New Mexico Press".
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452:. Doubleday, 1960. Reprint. New York, Ballantine Books, 3rd printing, June 1964; Chapter 6, "Accident at Albuquerque", pg 140.
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517:. Supplemental Aircraft Accident Report. Adopted June 9, 1960, released June 15, 1960. Docket No. SA-303. File No. 1-0063.
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The crash of TWA Flight 260, by Charles M. Williams, University of New Mexico Press, Albuquerque, 2010,
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climb toward the cloud-shrouded Sandia Crest at an estimated altitude of 3,000 feet above ground level.
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An asterisk (*) denotes an incident that took place in a U.S. territory, including
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Baca, Adam R. (February 1, 2015). "TWA Flight 260: 60 Years Later".
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Hiking to History: A Guide to Off-Road New Mexico Historic Sites
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Aviation accidents and incidents in the United States in 1955
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Airliner accidents and incidents caused by instrument failure
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1931 Transcontinental & Western Air Fokker F-10 crash
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The probable cause: the truth about air travel today
1702:Accidents and incidents involving the Martin 4-0-4
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1707:Airliner accidents and incidents in New Mexico
584:. University of New Mexico Press. p. 64.
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1697:Trans World Airlines accidents and incidents
461:Serling 1964, p. 141, 147 (a reprint of the
229:used by TWA for that route crashed into the
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1732:February 1955 events in the United States
222:. On February 19, 1955, the 40-passenger
1722:History of Bernalillo County, New Mexico
1712:Aviation accidents and incidents in 1955
1629:Braniff International Airways Flight 542
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1459:MacArthur Airport United Airlines crash
801:MacArthur Airport United Airlines crash
423:(9): 16 – via Supplemental Index.
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31:A Martin 4-0-4 of Trans World Airlines.
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433:
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1518:United States Air Force Flight 441/13
1259:Northwest Orient Airlines Flight 2501
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903:
721:RAF Shackleton aircraft disappearance
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1576:Westover Air Force Base KC-135 crash
1253:Northwest Orient Airlines Flight 307
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214:(TWA) designation for a flight from
1027:1956 Grand Canyon mid-air collision
655:Albuquerque Mountain Rescue Council
381:"Victim's son finds 'missing link'"
328:still be seen by people riding the
13:
1500:Northwest Orient Airlines Flight 2
1271:Fairfield-Suisun Boeing B-29 crash
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14:
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1512:Trans-Canada Air Lines Flight 304
1010:1955 Cincinnati mid-air collision
602:
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245:On February 19, 1955 at 7:03 am,
148:Albuquerque International Airport
1318:Continental Charters Flight 44-2
697:Aviation accidents and incidents
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536:dotlibrary.specialcollection.net
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1038:1960 New York mid-air collision
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379:Kimball, Michael (2008-02-19).
1506:Grand Canyon mid-air collision
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54:Controlled flight into terrain
1:
1647:Allegheny Airlines Flight 371
1599:Southeast Airlines Flight 308
1582:Northeast Airlines Flight 258
1547:Northeast Airlines Flight 285
1541:Northeast Airlines Flight 823
1335:American Airlines Flight 6780
1294:Cubana de Aviación Flight 493
1265:Myrtle Beach USAF C-46D crash
1055:1965 Carmel mid-air collision
438:: 246pp – via NewsBank.
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1641:National Airlines Flight 967
1635:Piedmont Airlines Flight 349
1623:American Airlines Flight 514
1611:American Airlines Flight 320
1465:American Airlines Flight 476
1441:American Airlines Flight 711
1429:Cincinnati mid-air collision
1406:American Airlines Flight 723
1388:National Airlines Flight 470
1353:American Airlines Flight 910
1341:National Airlines Flight 101
853:Altensteig mid-air collision
833:American Airlines Flight 476
771:American Airlines Flight 711
731:Cincinnati mid-air collision
364:. Retrieved 5 December 2013.
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289:it on thirty-two occasions.
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1570:Capital Airlines Flight 300
1477:United Air Lines Flight 629
1471:United Air Lines Flight 409
1306:United Air Lines Flight 615
1300:United Air Lines Flight 610
1288:National Airlines Flight 83
315:Air Line Pilots Association
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10:
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1617:Capital Airlines Flight 75
1564:Capital Airlines Flight 67
1394:Delta Air Lines Flight 318
873:United Airlines Flight 629
863:United Airlines Flight 409
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159:Santa Fe Municipal Airport
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1535:Pacoima mid-air collision
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1359:Mount Gannett C-124 crash
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417:Albuquerque: The Magazine
249:flight 260 en route from
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1664:This list is incomplete.
1078:TWA Flight 840 hijacking
436:Albuquerque Journal (NM)
1202:This list is incomplete
975:1938 Yosemite TWA crash
945:Accidents and incidents
639:Civil Aeronautics Board
580:Julyan, Robert (2016).
515:Civil Aeronautics Board
465:, the Captain's widow).
299:Civil Aeronautics Board
264:New Mexico State Police
251:Albuquerque, New Mexico
216:Albuquerque, New Mexico
1605:The Day the Music Died
1371:Moses Lake C-124 crash
1187:Trans World Connection
463:letter from Jean Spong
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16:1955 aviation accident
644:Final accident report
532:"DOT Online Database"
483:Serling 1964, p. 164.
323:Wreckage and recovery
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1453:Pan Am Flight 845/26
1400:USMC R4Q NROTC crash
931:Trans World Airlines
791:Pan Am Flight 845/26
474:Serling 1964, p.145.
362:Accident description
255:Santa Fe, New Mexico
220:Santa Fe, New Mexico
212:Trans World Airlines
128:Trans World Airlines
1674:prior to statehood.
1653:San Diego F3H crash
1361:(November 22 1952)*
1192:Trans World Express
891:► 1956
885:1954 ◄
843:Aeroflot Flight 214
448:Serling, Robert J.
330:Sandia Peak Tramway
280:Passengers and crew
89: /
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1727:1955 in New Mexico
1447:Hawaii R6D-1 crash
1367:(November 28 1952)
1347:Pan Am Flight 526A
1320:(December 29 1951)
1314:(December 16 1951)
1132:Flight 840 bombing
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781:Hawaii R6D-1 crash
741:Aeroflot Flight 31
114:Aircraft type
93:35.194°N 106.442°W
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646:- June 9, 1960 -
617:New Mexico portal
503:978-0-8263-4807-4
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1498:
1495:
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1478:
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1467:(August 1955)
1466:
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1308:(August 1951)
1307:
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1273:(August 1950)
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591:9780826356857
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385:The Oklahoman
382:
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293:Investigation
290:
286:
277:
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144:Flight origin
142:
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119:
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107:
102:
73:
69:
65:
62:
58:
55:
52:
48:
44:
40:
35:
28:
23:
1566:(April 1958)
1461:(April 1955)
1434:
1349:(April 1952)
1296:(April 1951)
1255:(March 1950)
1171:Destinations
1014:
810:
760:
581:
575:
564:. Retrieved
560:
551:
539:. Retrieved
535:
526:
521:. Pages 1-2.
510:
479:
470:
462:
457:
449:
444:
435:
429:
420:
416:
388:. Retrieved
384:
357:
343:
334:
326:
312:
307:
303:
297:The initial
296:
287:
283:
274:
260:
244:
224:Martin 4-0-4
207:
206:
135:Registration
118:Martin 4-0-4
1578:(June 1958)
1508:(June 1956)
1402:(July 1953)
1355:(June 1952)
1302:(June 1951)
1267:(July 1950)
1261:(June 1950)
998:Flight 6963
660:Sandia Peak
235:pilot error
155:Destination
96: /
84:106°26′31″W
1686:Categories
1619:(May 1959)
1572:(May 1958)
1396:(May 1953)
1150:Flight 800
1144:Flight 427
1138:Flight 843
1126:Flight 847
1114:Flight 541
1108:Flight 355
1102:Flight 514
1096:Flight 841
1090:Flight 742
1072:Flight 128
1066:Flight 159
1060:Flight 553
1049:Flight 800
1043:Flight 529
1032:Flight 891
1021:Flight 400
1015:Flight 260
1004:Flight 903
992:Flight 513
986:Flight 277
969:Flight 15A
566:2023-12-20
541:10 January
390:2023-02-13
349:References
227:prop plane
182:Fatalities
166:Passengers
81:35°11′38″N
340:Aftermath
198:Survivors
1164:Services
980:Flight 3
963:Flight 1
957:Flight 6
271:Aircraft
210:was the
190:Injuries
124:Operator
109:Aircraft
37:Accident
938:History
701: (
699:in 1955
241:History
50:Summary
1672:Hawaii
1668:Alaska
1152:(1996)
1146:(1994)
1140:(1992)
1134:(1986)
1128:(1985)
1122:(1979)
1116:(1978)
1110:(1976)
1104:(1974)
1098:(1974)
1092:(1973)
1086:(1970)
1080:(1969)
1074:(1967)
1068:(1967)
1062:(1967)
1051:(1964)
1045:(1961)
1034:(1959)
1023:(1956)
1017:(1955)
1006:(1950)
1000:(1946)
994:(1946)
988:(1944)
982:(1942)
971:(1937)
965:(1936)
959:(1935)
849:Aug 11
819:Jul 27
807:Apr 11
787:Mar 26
777:Mar 22
767:Mar 20
757:Feb 19
747:Feb 13
737:Jan 13
727:Jan 12
717:Jan 11
588:
501:
318:error.
139:N40416
869:Nov 1
859:Oct 6
839:Aug 6
829:Aug 4
797:Apr 4
1670:and
1592:1959
1557:1958
1528:1957
1487:1956
1422:1955
1381:1953
1328:1952
1281:1951
1246:1950
703:1955
586:ISBN
543:2018
499:ISBN
174:Crew
60:Site
42:Date
648:PDF
253:to
247:TWA
218:to
1688::
559:.
534:.
488:^
421:11
419:.
399:^
383:.
369:^
185:16
169:13
70:,
66:,
1233:e
1226:t
1219:v
923:e
916:t
909:v
705:)
688:e
681:t
674:v
594:.
569:.
545:.
393:.
201:0
193:0
177:3
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
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