158:
310:, defined as a gradual physiological inhibition to reduce oxygen demand and obtain energy conservation by hypometabolic behaviors altering biochemical processes. In previous studies, it was demonstrated that physiological and biochemical events could inhibit endogenous thermoregulation before the onset of hypothermia in a challenging process known as "estivation". This is indispensable to survive harsh environmental conditions, as seen in some amphibians and reptiles.
90:
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Some examples of people that have returned from this apparent interruption of life lasting over half an hour, two hours, eight hours or more while adhering to these specific conditions for oxygen and temperature have been reported and analysed in depth, but these cases are considered rare and unusual
401:
and major blood loss was induced, along with simulated - via scalpel - severe injuries (e.g. a punctured aorta as might happen in a car accident or shooting). After the pigs lost about half their blood the remaining blood was replaced with a chilled saline solution. As the body temperature reached
1163:
Bellamy, R; Safar, P; Tisherman, S. A; Basford, R; Bruttig, S. P; Capone, A; Dubick, M. A; Ernster, L; Hattler Jr, B. G; Hochachka, P; Klain, M; Kochanek, P. M; Kofke, W. A; Lancaster, J. R; McGowan Jr, F. X; Oeltgen, P. R; Severinghaus, J. W; Taylor, M. J; Zar, H (1996). "Suspended animation for
243:
Mitsutaka
Uchikoshi, a Japanese man, was reported by media to have survived the cold for 24 days in 2006 without food or water when he purportedly fell into a state similar to hibernation. This was doubted by some medical experts, claiming that surviving such a prolonged period without fluids was
116:
In animals, suspended animation may be either hypometabolic or ametabolic in nature. It may be induced by either endogenous, natural or artificial biological, chemical or physical means. In its natural form, it may be spontaneously reversible as in the case of species demonstrating hypometabolic
426:, directed to obtain a state of tolerance for the protection-preservation of the entire organism, this during a circulatory collapse "only by a limited period of one hour". The purpose is to avoid a serious injury, risk of brain damage or death, until the patient reaches specialized attention.
141:
itself. Breathing, heartbeat and other involuntary functions may still occur, but they can only be detected by artificial means. For this reason, this procedure has been associated with a lethargic state in nature when animals or plants appear, over a period, to be dead but then can wake up or
104:
is the temporary (short- or long-term) slowing or stopping of biological function so that physiological capabilities are preserved. States of suspended animation are common in micro-organisms and some plant tissue, such as seeds. Many animals, including large ones, may undergo
216:
It has been possible to obtain a successful resuscitation and recover life in some instances, including after anaesthesia, heat stroke, electrocution, narcotic poisoning, heart attack or cardiac arrest, shock, newborn infants, cerebral concussion, or cholera.
280:
and
Antonis Bartsiokas point out that âprimitive mammals and primatesâ like bush babies and lorises hibernate, which suggests that âthe genetic basis and physiology for such a hypometabolism could be preserved in many mammalian species, including humansâ.
220:
Supposedly, in suspended animation, a person technically would not die, as long as he or she were able to preserve the minimum conditions in an environment extremely close to death and return to a normal living state. An example of such a case is
303:" in humans. This ability to hibernate humans would be useful for a number of reasons, such as saving the lives of seriously ill or injured people by temporarily putting them in a state of hibernation until treatment can be given.
204:
or interruption of vital signs in humans may be similar to a medical interpretation of suspended animation. It is only possible to recover signs of life if the brain and other vital organs suffer no cell deterioration, necrosis or
1101:
Alam HB, Rhee P, Honma K, Chen H, Ayuste EC, Lin T, Toruno K, Mehrani T, Engel C, Chen Z (2006). "Does the rate of rewarming from profound hypothermic arrest influence the outcome in a swine model of lethal hemorrhage?".
342:(EPR) is a way to slow the bodily processes that would lead to death in cases of severe injury. This involves lowering the body's temperature below 34 °C (93 °F), which is the current standard for
213:
phenomena. The brain begins to die after five minutes without oxygen; nervous tissues die intermediately when a "somatic death" occurs while muscles die over one to two hours following this last condition.
97:, Venezuela. Like CPR, suspended animation could delay the onset of cell death (necrosis) in seriously injured or ill patients, providing them with more time to receive definitive medical treatment.
905:
944:
810:
635:"These Microbes May Have Survived 100 Million Years Beneath the Seafloor - Rescued from their cold, cramped and nutrient-poor homes, the bacteria awoke in the lab and grew"
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296:. Hypothermia, however, provides only a limited amount of time in which to operate and there is a risk of tissue and brain damage for prolonged periods.
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247:
Paulie Hynek, who, at age two, survived several hours of hypothermia-induced cardiac arrest and whose body temperature reached 18 °C (64 °F).
402:
10 °C (50 °F) the damaged blood vessels were repaired and the blood was returned. The method was tested 200 times with a 90% success rate.
1284:
240:
John Smith, a 14-year-old boy who survived 15 minutes under ice in a frozen lake before paramedics arrived to pull him onto dry land and saved him.
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It has been suggested that bone lesions provide evidence of hibernation among the early human population whose remains have been retrieved at the
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are trying to implement suspended animation as a medical procedure which involves the therapeutic induction to a complete and temporary systemic
832:
Gilbert M, Busund R, Skagseth A, Nilsen P, Solbo J (2000). "Resuscitation from accidental hypothermia of 13.7°C with circulatory arrest".
253:, a toddler who in 2001 was revived after two hours without apparent heartbeat with a body temperature of about 16 °C (61 °F).
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113:. This article focuses primarily on the potential of large animals, especially humans, to undergo suspended animation.
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to their hearts. The heart started pumping the blood around the body, and the dogs were brought back to life.
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378:, the dogs' blood was returned to their circulatory systems, and the animals were revived by delivering an
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Warick, Jason (23 February 2002). "'Miracle child' bears few scars one year after brush with death".
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225:, a Swedish radiologist who allegedly survived 80 minutes under ice in a frozen lake in a state of
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principally caused by oxygen deprivation or excess temperature (especially high temperature).
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Tandy C (2014). The
Prospect of Immortality â Fifty Years Later. Ria University Press, USA,
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Suspended
Animation? How A Boy Survived 15 Minutes Trapped Under Ice In Frozen Lake
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There are many research projects currently investigating how to achieve "induced
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358:'s Safar Center for Resuscitation Research announced they had managed to place
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prevail without suffering any harm. This has been termed in different contexts
154:(the latter in some aquatic invertebrates and plants in scarcity conditions).
54:
the article has problems with clarity, grammar, spacing, punctuation and tone.
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374:, which in turn keeps the bodies alive in stasis. After three hours of being
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Lowering the temperature of a substance reduces its chemical activity by the
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558:"Is pharmacological, H2S-induced 'suspended animation' feasible in the ICU?"
507:"Is pharmacological, H2S-induced 'suspended animation' feasible in the ICU?"
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out of the dogs' bodies and injecting a low temperature solution into their
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The primary focus of research for human hibernation is to reach a state of
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in suspended animation and bring them back to life, most of them without
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Eleva boyâs story part of national tour to honor Mayo
Clinics 150 years
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Hibernation in hominins from
Atapuerca, Spain half a million years ago
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delayed resuscitation. Crit Care Med. 1996 Feb;24(2 Suppl):S24-47".
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180:, up to 101.5 million years old, 68.9 metres (226 feet) below the
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1058:"Doctors Place Humans in True Suspended Animation for First Time"
94:
957:
This article refers to
Bartsiokas, A. & Arsuaga, J. (2020).
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in suspended animation with a similar technique. The pigs were
307:
181:
608:"How do frogs survive winter? Why don't they freeze to death?"
125:(DHCA), usually technologically mediated revival is required.
367:
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New
Hibernation Technique might work on humans | LiveScience
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Race to be first to 'hibernate' human beings - Times Online
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188:(SPG) ("the deadest spot in the ocean"), and could be the
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802:"'Miracle' student survived his body being frozen solid"
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could eventually provide long-term suspended animation.
176:(mainly), in "quasi-suspended animation", were found in
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133:
Suspended animation is understood as the pausing of
327:. This includes life processes such as metabolism.
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756:. Forensic Medicine_gradestack.com. Archived from
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137:by external or internal means without terminating
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1285:Shandong Yinfeng Life Science Research Institute
1576:Strategies for engineered negligible senescence
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121:. When applied with therapeutic intent, as in
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505:Asfar, P; Calzia, E; Radermacher, P (2014).
1138:"Doctors claim suspended animation success"
494:. Medical-Dictionary.thefreedictionary.com.
313:
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659:Morono, Yuki; et al. (28 July 2020).
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236:where people survived without damage are:
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77:Learn how and when to remove this message
16:Slowing or stopping of life without death
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340:Emergency Preservation and Resuscitation
335:Emergency Preservation and Resuscitation
156:
88:
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1860:
1696:Differential technological development
1056:Delbert, Caroline (20 November 2019).
915:
754:"Definition of suspended animation is"
416:Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center
318:
272:. In a paper published in the journal
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405:
385:On 20 January 2006, doctors from the
1502:Aldehyde-stabilized cryopreservation
1321:Aldehyde-stabilized cryopreservation
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257:
27:
21:Suspended animation (disambiguation)
1785:Future-oriented technology analysis
721:. Forensic Medicine_gradestack.com.
128:
123:deep hypothermic circulatory arrest
13:
1082:Mihm, Stephen (11 December 2005).
940:"Early humans may have hibernated"
632:
350:Hypothermic experiments on animals
109:, and most plants have periods of
14:
1884:
1116:10.1097/01.ta.0000198469.95292.ec
633:Wu, Katherine J. (28 July 2020).
1839:
1178:10.1097/00003246-199602000-00046
1000:"Is Human Hibernation Possible?"
947:from the original on 25 May 2022
889:Japanese man in mystery survival
813:from the original on 25 May 2022
354:In June 2005, scientists at the
270:Archaeological site of Atapuerca
32:
1245:Alcor Life Extension Foundation
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229:with no brain damage in 1999.
196:Delayed resuscitation in humans
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467:Suspended animation in fiction
387:Massachusetts General Hospital
1:
1812:Technology in science fiction
1255:Brain Preservation Foundation
848:10.1016/S0140-6736(00)01021-7
478:
1384:Raymond and Monique Martinot
1224:
288:has been performed for some
7:
1301:Information-theoretic death
429:
244:physiologically impossible.
200:This condition of apparent
52:. The specific problem is:
10:
1889:
1817:Technology readiness level
1753:Technological unemployment
1354:Fred and Linda Chamberlain
687:10.1038/s41467-020-17330-1
393:announced they had placed
261:
178:organically-poor sediments
161:The revived microorganisms
18:
1835:
1800:Technological singularity
1760:Technological convergence
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1250:American Cryonics Society
1232:
1142:The Sydney Morning Herald
190:longest-living life forms
1495:Microgravity bioprinting
1280:Suspended Animation, Inc
989:at www.timesonline.co.uk
472:Technological utopianism
420:Suspended Animation, Inc
356:University of Pittsburgh
314:Scientific possibilities
1765:Technological evolution
1738:Exploratory engineering
1666:Whole genome sequencing
418:and institutes such as
344:therapeutic hypothermia
264:Therapeutic hypothermia
1775:Technology forecasting
1770:Technological paradigm
1743:Proactionary principle
1627:Robot-assisted surgery
1275:Life Extension Society
1166:Critical Care Medicine
1018:Cite journal requires
1005:. nature.berkeley.edu.
977:at www.livescience.com
781:Cite journal requires
734:Cite journal requires
162:
98:
1701:Disruptive innovation
1610:Regenerative medicine
1605:Personalized medicine
1467:Emerging technologies
1240:21st Century Medicine
965:, Volume 124, Issue 5
666:Nature Communications
492:"Suspended Animation"
292:as an alternative to
160:
92:
1748:Technological change
1691:Collingridge dilemma
937:Sullivan, R (2020).
719:"Molecular death is"
290:open-heart surgeries
59:improve this article
48:to meet Knowledge's
19:For other uses, see
1805:Technology scouting
1780:Accelerating change
1549:Genetic engineering
1425:Anti-aging movement
1394:Thomas K. Donaldson
1316:Suspended animation
1265:Immortalist Society
1172:(2 Suppl): S24â47.
908:11 May 2015 at the
809:. 20 January 2016.
679:2020NatCo..11.3626M
612:Scientific American
372:circulatory systems
319:Temperature-induced
294:heart-lung machines
286:induced hypothermia
102:Suspended animation
1822:Technology roadmap
1642:Synthetic genomics
1632:Relational biology
1620:Tissue engineering
1544:Generative biology
1260:Cryonics Institute
1088:The New York Times
639:The New York Times
556:Asfar, P. (2014).
410:The laboratory of
406:Chemically induced
366:, by draining the
325:Arrhenius equation
186:South Pacific Gyre
163:
99:
1855:
1854:
1674:
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1637:Synthetic biology
1615:Stem-cell therapy
1598:engineered uterus
1512:Artificial organs
1433:
1432:
1306:Neuropreservation
1144:. 20 January 2006
1062:Popular Mechanics
1042:978-1-934297-21-6
842:(9201): 375â376.
807:independent.co.uk
284:Since the 1970s,
278:Juan-Luis Arsuaga
258:Human hibernation
167:marine biologists
87:
86:
79:
50:quality standards
41:This article may
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1790:Horizon scanning
1706:Ephemeralization
1534:Brain transplant
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129:Basic principles
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1659:Oncolytic virus
1561:Head transplant
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760:on 29 June 2018
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376:clinically dead
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232:Other cases of
207:molecular death
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614:. 11 July 2014
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380:electric shock
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276:, researchers
262:Main article:
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227:cardiac arrest
223:Anna BĂ„genholm
197:
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174:microorganisms
169:reported that
165:In July 2020,
135:life processes
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1583:Nanomedicine
1554:Gene therapy
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1146:. Retrieved
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57:Please help
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1795:Moore's law
1726:Neuroethics
1721:Cyberethics
1654:Virotherapy
1588:Nanosensors
1344:Mike Darwin
951:25 November
912:Mayo Clinic
891:at BBC News
452:Immortality
437:Brain death
301:hibernation
234:hypothermia
144:hibernation
119:hibernation
107:hibernation
61:if you can.
1873:Senescence
1862:Categories
1686:Automation
1482:Biomedical
1399:Brian Wowk
1364:Jerry Leaf
1148:10 October
835:The Lancet
568:(2): 215.
517:(2): 215.
479:References
117:states of
1716:Bioethics
1649:Tricorder
1374:Dora Kent
1369:Saul Kent
511:Crit Care
412:Mark Roth
182:sea floor
152:anabiosis
67:June 2017
1868:Cryonics
1507:Ampakine
1349:Max More
1294:Concepts
1226:Cryonics
1124:16456447
1104:J Trauma
945:Archived
906:Archived
864:54348869
856:10665559
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705:32724059
594:25028804
543:25028804
430:See also
424:ischemia
329:Cryonics
148:dormancy
111:dormancy
43:require
1270:KrioRus
1186:8608704
696:7387439
675:Bibcode
644:31 July
585:4060059
534:4060059
414:at the
184:in the
171:aerobic
95:Maracay
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1711:Ethics
1679:Topics
1474:Fields
1331:People
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391:Boston
308:torpor
1003:(PDF)
860:S2CID
368:blood
202:death
1846:List
1522:Womb
1182:PMID
1150:2006
1120:PMID
1069:2020
1038:ISBN
1024:help
953:2021
852:PMID
819:2017
787:help
766:2017
740:help
701:PMID
646:2020
620:2017
590:PMID
539:PMID
442:Coma
395:pigs
360:dogs
139:life
1174:doi
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580:PMC
570:doi
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529:PMC
519:doi
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