68:
1135:. . . nor must it be forgotten that a child has a different estimate of his parents at different periods of his life. At the time at which the Oedipus complex gives place to the super-ego they are something quite magnificent; but later, they lose much of this. Identifications then come about with these later parents as well, and indeed they regularly make important contributions to the formation of character; but in that case they only affect the ego, they no longer influence the super-ego, which has been determined by the earliest parental images.
791:
951:
tug of war the teams fight against one another in equality, while the ego is against the much stronger 'id'." In fact, the ego is required to serve "three severe masters...the external world, the superego and the id." It seeks to find a balance between the natural drives of the id, the limitations imposed by reality, and the strictures of the superego. It is concerned with self-preservation: it strives to keep the id's instinctive needs within limits, adapted to reality and submissive to the superego.
830:) encouraged Freud to assume that the metapsychological elaboration of the structural model would make it fully compatible with biological sciences such as evolutionary theory and enable a well-founded concept of mental health. However, as important as this is for the diagnostic process (llness can only be realised in contrast to or as a deviation from the economic optimal cooperation of all psycho-organic functions), Freud had to be modest and leave struktural model in the unfinished state of a
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bundled into actions in the ego with the aim of satisfying the id's needs. This includes the perception and valuation of external reality factors and leads to experiences that the superego internalizes through neuronal imprinting. The superego contains the socialization that takes place during childhood - this gives it its function as our "conscience". The boundaries between un- and consciousness are'nt sharp: "Where id was, ego shall become."
936:) and rules the muscular apparatus. Since the id's drives are frequently incompatible with the moral prescriptions and religious illusions of contemporary cultures, the ego attempts to direct the libidinal energy and satisfy its demands in accordance with the imperatives of that reality. According to Freud the ego, in its role as mediator between the id and reality, is often "obliged to cloak the (unconscious) commands of the id with its own
1156:
origins as we require it to be in men...they are often more influenced in their judgements by feelings of affection or hostility." However, Freud went on to modify his position to the effect "that the majority of men are also far behind the masculine ideal and that all human individuals, as a result of their human identity, combine in themselves both masculine and feminine characteristics, otherwise known as human characteristics."
876:
satisfaction of drives in accordance with the pleasure principle. It is oblivious to reason and the presumptions of ordinary conscious life: "contrary impulses exist side by side, without cancelling each other. . . There is nothing in the id that could be compared with negation. . . nothing in the id which corresponds to the idea of time." The id "knows no judgements of value: no good and evil, no morality. ...Instinctual
763:, the demands of external reality and those of the critical superego; Freud compared the ego - in its relation to the id - to a man on horseback: the rider must restrain and direct the superior energy of his animal and at times allow for a satisfaction of its urges if he wants to keep it alive and the species healthy. The ego is thus "in the habit of transforming the id's will into action, as if it were its own."
1253:. By introducing the structural model, Freud was seeking to reduce his reliance on the term "unconscious" in its systematic and topographic senseâas the mental region that is foreign to the egoâby replacing it with the concept of the 'id'." The partition of the psyche outlined in the structural model is thus one that cuts across the topographical model's partition of "conscious vs. unconscious".
657:
1276:
The three newly presented entities, however, remained closely connected to their previous conceptions, including those that went under different names â the systematic unconscious for the id, and the conscience/ego ideal for the superego. Freud never abandoned the topographical division of conscious,
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is specialise in storing memorys: namely, the main function of the superego. Its content consists of experiences that the ego partly initiated itself in its attempts to satisfy the needs of the id, and continues to make them available in the future. Freud's three-instance model seems thus proven from
950:
According to Freud, "the ego is that part of the id which has been modified by the direct influence of the external world. ...The ego represents what may be called reason and common sense, in contrast to the id, which contains the passions... it is like a tug of war... with the difference that in the
883:
Developmentally, the id precedes the ego. The id consists of the basic instinctual drives that are present at birth, inherent in the somatic organization, and governed only by the pleasure principle. The psychic apparatus begins as an undifferentiated id, part of which then develops into a structured
1182:
Modern technology has made possible to observe the bioelectrical activity of neurones in the living brain. This led to the realisation in which area of the brain the needs of the organism for food, skin desire, consolation etc. begin to show themselves neuronally; where the highest performances of
1101:", that criticizes and prohibits the expression of drives, fantasies, feelings, and actions. Thus the superego works in contradiction to the id. It is an internalized mechanism that operates to confine the ego to socially acceptable behaviour, whereas the id merely seeks instant self-gratification.
1086:
and the "special psychical agency which performs the task of seeing that narcissistic satisfaction from the ego ideal is ensured...what we call our 'conscience'." For him the superego can be described as "a successful instance of identification with the parental agency", and as development proceeds
954:
Thus "driven by the id, confined by the superego, repulsed by reality" the ego struggles to bring about harmony among the competing forces. Consequently, it can easily be subject to "realistic anxiety regarding the external world, moral anxiety regarding the superego, and neurotic anxiety regarding
1280:
The iceberg metaphor is a commonly used visual metaphor depicting the relationship between the ego, id and superego agencies (structural model) and the conscious and unconscious psychic systems (topographic model). In the iceberg metaphor the entire id and part of both the superego and the ego are
1054:
946:
Originally, Freud used the word ego to mean the sense of self, but later expanded it to include psychic functions such as judgment, tolerance, reality testing, control, planning, defense, synthesis of information, intellectual functioning, and memory. The ego is the organizing principle upon which
1223:
of the superego at birth), but this cannot be a substitute for interpersonal dialogue. Spoken sentences, shown mimik and bodlaguage is the way in which our âbrainsâ communicate about the feelings, needs of the id and all problems; therefore lively lively exchange in word and deed remains the main
1116:
The super-ego retains the character of the father, while the more powerful the
Oedipus complex was and the more rapidly it succumbed to repression (under the influence of authority, religious teaching, schooling and reading), the stricter will be the domination of the super-ego over the ego later
919:
and
Thanatos are regarded as fundamental forces of the id, which co-operate despite their apparent incompatibility: The organism has the urge to 'synthetically' regenerate by integration of suitable molecules into itself, for this purpose it must first deconstruct the ingested food complexes: the
955:
the strength of the passions in the id." The ego may wish to serve the id, trying to gloss over the finer details of reality to minimize conflicts, while pretending to have a regard for reality. But the superego is constantly watching every one of the ego's moves and punishes it with feelings of
875:
Freud described the id as "the dark, inaccessible part of our personality". Understanding of the id is limited to analysis of dreams and neurotic symptoms, and it can only be described in terms of its contrast with the ego. It has no organisation and no collective will: it is concerned only with
794:
Freud's model of the soul, referring to his rider-horse parable: The human head symbolizes the ego, the animal the id. Dualistic in an analogue way, the dynamics of the libidinal drive energy branch out from the id into two main areas: the mental urge to know and the bodily urge to act. Both are
1155:
The concept of superego and the
Oedipus complex is subject to criticism for its perceived sexism. Women, who are considered to be already castrated, do not identify with the father, and therefore, for Freud, "their super-ego is never so inexorable, so impersonal, so independent of its emotional
1256:
Freud favoured the structural model because of the increased degree of precision and diversification that it allowed. Although the id is unconscious by definition, the ego and the superego are both partly conscious and partly unconscious. With the new model, Freud felt he had achieved a more
1091:
Thus a child's super-ego is in fact constructed on the model not of its parents but of its parents' super-ego; the contents which fill it are the same and it becomes the vehicle of tradition and of all the time-resisting judgments of value which have propagated themselves in this manner from
1057:"The ego is not sharply separated from the id; its lower portion merges into it.... But the repressed merges into the id as well, and is merely a part of it. The repressed is only cut off sharply from the ego by the resistances of repression; it can communicate with the ego through the id." (
1152:âthe manifest power that the imago representsâon four levels: (i) the auto-erotic, (ii) the narcissistic, (iii) the anal, and (iv) the phallic. Those different levels of mental development, and their relations to parental imagos, correspond to specific id forms of aggression and affection.
1244:
In his earlier "topographic model", Freud divided the psyche into three "regions" or "systems": "the
Conscious", that which is present to awareness at the surface level of the psyche in any given moment, including information and stimuli from both internal and external sources; "the
1277:
preconscious, and unconscious, though he noted that "the three qualities of consciousness and the three provinces of the mental apparatus do not fall together into three peaceful couples...we had no right to expect any such smooth arrangement."
1199:
However, it is one thing to visualise the bioelectric activity in the brain on a computer screen and another to live out the needs of the id in human interaction. The urge for knowledge (curiosity) can be satisfied by applying Freud's method of
1081:
The superego reflects the internalization of cultural rules, mainly as absorbed from parents, but also other authority figures, and the general cultural ethos. Freud developed his concept of the superego from an earlier combination of the
1854:
Noam, Gil G; Hauser, Stuart taque chinaz #14 T.; Santostefano, Sebastiano; Garrison, William; Jacobson, Alan M.; Powers, Sally I.; Mead, Merrill (February 1984). "Ego
Development and Psychopathology: A Study of Hospitalized Adolescents".
1212:. It explains the cause of the inhibition (usually traumatic experiences from childhood education) and develops a therapeutic recommendation, which essentially consists of a conscious change in behaviour in line with the id's needs."
1249:", consisting of material that is merely latent, not present to consciousness but capable of becoming so; and "the Unconscious", consisting of ideas and impulses that are made completely inaccessible to consciousness by the act of
1108:. In the case of the little boy, it forms during the dissolution of the Oedipus complex, through a process of identification with the father figure, following the failure to retain possession of the mother as a love-object out of
1679:
1096:
The superego aims for perfection. It is the part of the personality structure, mainly but not entirely unconscious, that includes the individual's ego ideals, spiritual goals, and the psychic agency, commonly called
1196:" - written in 1895, but only published posthumously - Freud developed a theorie that the function of memory is to store experience neurobiologically in the brain by "a permanent alteration following an event".)
891:", the energy of desire as expressed, for example, in the behaviours of sexuality, the incorporation of food or the baby-care (maternal love). In general, the nature of libidinal desire is that of Platonic
3074:
1708:
911:
that has a decomposing effect and seeks "to lead organic life back into the inanimate state. For Freud, "the death instinct would thus seem to express itselfâthough probably only in partâas an
2491:
Freud, Sigmund (1923), "Neurosis and
Psychosis". The Standard Edition of the Complete Psychological Works of Sigmund Freud, Volume XIX (1923â1925): The Ego and the Id and Other Works, 147â154
803:
of the concepts of the soul model: dividing the organism into three instances the id is regarded as the germ from which the ego and the superego develop. Driven by an energy that Freud calls
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submerged in the underwater portion representing the unconscious region of the psyche. The remaining portions of the ego and superego are displayed above water in the conscious region.
587:
1208:) or in context of an official cure on 'his couchâ. If the dreamer suffers from inexplicable inhibitions in some areas of his id, then the aim of the investigation is to work out a
840:- there was no well-founded primate research at the time. Without knowledge of the instinctive social behaviour with the corresponding structure of cohabitation of our genetically
716:. He developed these three terms to describe the basic structure and various phenomena of mental life as they was encountered in psychoanalytic practice. Freud himself used the
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1347:
have criticised the way "the
English translations impeded students' efforts to gain a true understanding of Freud" by substituting the formalised language of the
1219:
Neuropsychoanalysis explains which of the different areas of the brain naturally performs which specialised function (e.g. the engraving of experience on the
2832:
895:, the life instincts that constantly strive to compensate for the processes of biological decay, rejuvenating the species of living beings by means of their
1434:. Strachey, James., Freud, Anna, 1895â1982, Rothgeb, Carrie Lee, Richards, Angela., Scientific Literature Corporation. London: Hogarth Press. p. 19.
1240:
metaphor. It's often used to illustrate the spatial relationship between Freud's first model and his new structural model of the soul (id, ego, superego).
1216:" says, that what was previously warded off by the ego and repressed into the unconscious shall be reintegrated into the sphere of conscious perception.
1317:"ârespectively, "the It", "the I", and "the Over-I". Thus, to the German reader, Freud's original terms are to some degree self-explanatory. The term "
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1898:
453:
88:
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it also absorbs the influence of those who have "stepped into the place of parents â educators, teachers, people chosen as ideal models".
943:, to conceal the id's conflicts with reality, to profess...to be taking notice of reality even when the id has remained rigid and unyielding."
1325:, a physician whose unconventional ideas were of interest to Freud (Groddeck's translators render the term in English as "the It"). The word
2809:
2719:
932:. It analyses complex perceptions (things, ideas, dreams), synthesises the appropriate parts into logically coherent interpretations (also
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In order to overcome difficulties of understanding as far as possible, Freud formulated his "metapsychology" which for Lacan represents a
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directed against the external world and other organisms" through aggression. Since libido energy encompasses all instinctive impulses,
595:
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In a diagram of the
Structural and Topographical Models of Mind, the ego is depicted as being half in the conscious, a quarter in the
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970:. Defense mechanisms reduce the tension and anxiety by disguising or transforming the impulses that are perceived as threatening.
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848:) cannot be tested and, if possible, replaced by a realistic model. For Freud, this imagintation remained an unproven belief or
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The superego and the ego are the product of two key factors: the state of helplessness of the child and the
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1127:, Freud presents "the general character of harshness and cruelty exhibited by the ideal â its dictatorial
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in the realm of primates, Freud's thesis of Darwin's primordial horde (as presented for discussion in
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2743:
2121:
The
Economics of Libido: Psychic Bisexuality, the Superego, and the Centrality of the Oedipus Complex
1373:
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987:
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542:
41:
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The terms "id", "ego", and "superego" are not Freud's own; they are
Latinizations by his translator
93:
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2361:
1112:. Freud described the superego and its relationship to the father figure and Oedipus complex thus:
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1007:
991:
864:
Freud conceived the id as the unconscious source of bodily needs and wants, emotional impulses and
123:
83:
17:
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the perspective of neuropsychoanalysis. (Indeed in some respects he embodies its founder. In his "
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with their needs, consciousness and imprinted memory resembles a psychological apparatus to which
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2504:(root text): Venerable Khenchen Thrangu Rinpoche (commentary), Peter Roberts (translator) (2001)
1003:
673:
532:
51:
2470:, Internationaler Psycho-analytischer Verlag, Leipzig, Vienna, and Zurich. English translation,
1429:
The Standard Edition of the Complete Psychological Works of Sigmund Freud. Volume XIX (1923â26)
903:. Complementing this constructive aspect of the libido, the author later postulated an inherent
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2610:
2518:
2506:
Transcending Ego: Distinguishing Consciousness from Wisdom, (Wylie: rnam shes ye shes 'byed pa)
2306:
1982:
1735:
1047:
811:, the instances complement each other through their specific functions in a similar way to the
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terms id, ego and superego were chosen by his original translators and have remained in use.
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701:
640:
507:
497:
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1376: â Plato's account of the soul as consisting of logical, spirited, and appetitive parts
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instrument for the expedition down into the unconscious âDark Continentâ of the human soul.
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1864:
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841:
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33:
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8:
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effective classification system for mental disorders than had been available previously:
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is the perceiving, logically organizing agent that mediates between the id's instinctual
713:
148:
37:
2480:(trans.), Hogarth Press and Institute of Psycho-analysis, London, UK, 1927. Revised for
1131:". The earlier in the child's development, the greater the estimate of parental power.
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772:(1920) in response to the unstructured ambiguity and conflicting uses of the term "the
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Thus when the child is in rivalry with the parental imago it feels the dictatorial
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the âid, the ego and the superegoâ are three different, interacting agents in the
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2695:
2557:
2545:
2512:
2314:
2238:
Solms, Mark; Turnbull, Oliver H. (January 2014). "What Is Neuropsychoanalysis?".
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to the enigmatic symbols of a dream, whether in the private sphere (cf. Freud's
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872:âthe psychic force oriented to immediate gratification of impulse and desire.
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3019:
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Freud, Sigmund (April 1910). "The Origin and Development of Psychoanalysis".
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283:
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1734:(2nd, revised ed.). Cambridge, Massachusetts: Academic Press. pp.
1465:, Third Edition (1999) Allan Bullock and Stephen Trombley, Eds. pp. 256â257.
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884:"ego", a concept of self that takes the principle of reality into account.
868:, especially aggression and the sexual drive. The id acts according to the
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128:
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1408:
The Standard Edition of the Complete Psychological Works of Sigmund Freud.
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2520:
The effect of the structure of the ego on psychoanalytic technique (1953)
2482:
The Standard Edition of the Complete Psychological Works of Sigmund Freud
1929:
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1220:
1117:
onâin the form of conscience or perhaps of an unconscious sense of guilt.
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298:
278:
243:
2394:
854:"a âjust so storyâ as a not unpleasant English critic wittily called it"
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2399:. New York / Washington: Nervous and Mental Disease Publishing Company.
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1015:
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766:
Freud introduced the structural model (id, ego, superego) in the essay
233:
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1479:. p. 31. Vorlesung: Die Zerlegung der psychischen Persönlichkeit.
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2324:
1603:(Canadian ed.), p. 453. Scarborough, Ontario: Allyn and Bacon Canada.
1388: â Term used in psychoanalysis describing oppositional behaviors
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and is translated as "I myself" to express emphasis. Figures like
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seeking dischargeâthat, in our view, is all there is in the id."
776:". He elaborated, refined, and formalized that model in the essay
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plays the moralizing role via internalized experiences; and the
732:, which literally translate as "the it", "I", and "over-I". The
2967:
2385:
971:
888:
133:
1853:
1567:
Sigmund Freud: Der Mann Moses und die monotheistische Religion
1477:
Neue Folge der Vorlesungen zur EinfĂŒhrung in die Psychoanalyse
933:
832:
733:
3257:
2582:
1159:
1014:
were the defense mechanisms Freud identified. His daughter
2381:
Das Buch vom Es. Psychoanalytische Briefe an eine Freundin
1164:
Freud's basic metapsychological thesis is that the living
2564:
An introduction to psychology: Measuring the unmeasurable
712:
summarized and defined it in his structural model of the
2488:(ed.), W.W. Norton and Company, New York City, NY, 1961.
1284:
2588:
Education portal's lesson on the id, ego, and superego
2396:
The Book of the It: Psychoanalytic Letters to a Friend
1268:, to a conflict between the ego and the superego; and
2833:
Some Character-Types Met with in Psycho-Analytic Work
2551:
Section 5: Freud's Structural and Topographical Model
2034:
Plato's Psychology of Action and the Origin of Agency
1586:. textlog.de. pp. X - Die Masse und die Urhorde.
1382: â Study of the representation of one's identity
1351:
for the quotidian immediacy of Freud's own language.
1264:
correspond to a conflict between the ego and the id;
1227:
1170:"spatial extension and composition of several pieces"
947:
thoughts and interpretations of the world are based.
2568:
2560:, Chapter 3: Personality Development Psychology 101.
1985:(2007). "Module 44 The Psychoanalytic Perspective".
887:
Freud understands the id as "the great reservoir of
2360:
Laplanche, Jean; Pontalis, Jean-Bertrand (2018) . "
2347:
Laplanche, Jean; Pontalis, Jean-Bertrand (2018) . "
2593:Information on Charcot, Freud's teacher and mentor
2533:
2301:
1847:
1370: â Complete loss of subjective self-identity
3270:
2136:"Affect and control: A conceptual clarification"
1910:
1908:
1364: â Barrier of the conscious and unconscious
1272:, to one between the ego and the external world.
454:The Four Fundamental Concepts of Psychoanalysis
1677:
815:of a cell or parts of a technical apparatus.
2618:
2237:
2231:
1905:
681:
2810:Leonardo da Vinci, A Memory of His Childhood
2720:Group Psychology and the Analysis of the Ego
2388:: Internationaler Psychoanalytischer Verlag.
2279:Angela Richards, "Editor's Introduction" in
1724:
1463:The New Fontana Dictionary of Modern Thought
2688:Jokes and Their Relation to the Unconscious
1897:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
1648:New Introductory Lectures on Psychoanalysis
1622:. New York City: Worth Publishers. p.
1611:
1609:
1552:Gesammelte Werke. Bd. 14. Selbstdarstellung
1537:Gesammelte Werke. Bd. 14. Selbstdarstellung
1183:the consciously thinking ego take place (s.
1141:New Introductory Lectures on Psychoanalysis
2826:The History of the Psychoanalytic Movement
2712:The History of the Psychoanalytic Movement
2625:
2611:
1678:Lapsley, Daniel K.; Paul C., Stey (2012).
1599:Carlson, N. R. (1999â2000) "Personality",
1595:
1593:
688:
674:
596:International Psychoanalytical Association
2159:
2140:International Journal of Psychophysiology
1977:
1975:
1869:Society for Research in Child Development
1410:Vol. XIX (1999) James Strachey, Gen. Ed.
1176:"locus ... is the brain (nervous system)"
818:Further distinctions (the coordinates of
2392:
2374:
2367:
2354:
2118:
1615:
1606:
1569:. pp. 180 (Kapitel 3, Abschnitt C).
1231:
1160:Structural model and neuropsychoanalysis
1052:
836:because - as he stated one last time in
789:
2840:Thoughts for the Times on War and Death
2786:Three Essays on the Theory of Sexuality
1923:
1917:
1590:
27:Psychological concepts by Sigmund Freud
14:
3271:
2794:Delusion and Dream in Jensen's Gradiva
2133:
2031:
1981:
1972:
2606:
2426:
2056:
2050:
1489:
1474:
1426:
920:âanalyticalâ effect of stomach acid.
2680:The Psychopathology of Everyday Life
2539:Sigmund Freud and the Freud Archives
1987:Psychology Eighth Edition in Modules
1285:History and translation of the terms
852:of palaeo-anthropological science -
785:
590:Psychoanalytic Training and Research
380:The Psychopathology of Everyday Life
2341:
1601:Psychology: The Science of Behavior
1194:Project for a Scientific Psychology
601:World Association of Psychoanalysis
24:
2534:American Psychological Association
2420:
2295:
1877:10.1111/j.1467-8624.1984.tb00283.x
1779:(Penguin Freud Library 11) p. 369.
1695:10.1016/B978-0-12-375000-6.00199-3
1671:
1504:
1431:The Ego and the Id and Other Works
1228:Advantages of the structural model
89:Psychosocial development (Erikson)
25:
3315:
2802:Creative Writers and Day-Dreaming
2632:
2527:
2202:(Penguin Freud Library 7) p. 342.
1969:Sigmund Freud (1933). pp. 110â11.
1838:
1823:
1583:Massenpsychologie und Ich-Analyse
1579:
1564:
1549:
1534:
1522:Massenpsychologie und Ich-Analyse
1519:
1420:
966:To overcome this the ego employs
606:List of schools of psychoanalysis
2752:Civilization and Its Discontents
2583:Sigmund Freud's theory (Russian)
2292:Sigmund Freud (1933). pp. 104â5.
2057:SĂ©dat, Jacques (2000). "Freud".
655:
582:British Psychoanalytical Society
434:Civilization and Its Discontents
66:
2598:Background information on Freud
2403:
2286:
2273:
2259:
2250:
2218:
2205:
2192:
2134:Hommel, Bernhard (2019-10-01).
2127:
2112:
2098:
2083:
2036:. L'Harmattan. pp. 17â19.
2025:
2022:Sigmund Freud (1933). pp. 95-6.
2016:
2003:
1963:
1946:
1832:
1817:
1808:
1795:
1782:
1765:
1752:
1662:
1653:
1640:
1573:
1558:
1069:, and the other quarter in the
807:in direct reference to Plato's
2704:Introduction to Psychoanalysis
2430:American Journal of Psychology
2393:——— (1928).
2316:The Language of Psychoanalysis
2152:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2019.07.006
2106:"APA Dictionary of Psychology"
1731:Encyclopedia of Human Behavior
1687:Encyclopedia of Human Behavior
1543:
1528:
1513:
1498:
1483:
1468:
1456:
1400:
1214:Where id was, ego shall become
1206:treatise on lay psychoanalysis
928:The ego acts according to the
588:Columbia University Center for
577:British Psychoanalytic Council
474:The Sublime Object of Ideology
444:The Mass Psychology of Fascism
13:
1:
2856:Beyond the Pleasure Principle
2460:Beyond the Pleasure Principle
2409:Quoted in Neville Symington,
2256:Sigmund Freud (1933). p. 104.
1814:Sigmund Freud (1933). p. 138.
1760:An Outline of Psycho-analysis
1668:Sigmund Freud (1933). p. 107.
1659:Sigmund Freud (1933). p. 106.
1393:
1339:of the first person singular
769:Beyond the Pleasure Principle
414:Beyond the Pleasure Principle
404:Psychology of the Unconscious
2736:The Question of Lay Analysis
2665:The Interpretation of Dreams
2522:/ republished by Psychomedia
1914:Sigmund Freud (1933). p. 110
747:is the set of uncoordinated
370:The Interpretation of Dreams
7:
1826:Das Unbehagen in der Kultur
1494:. Seminar of Jacques Lacan.
1492:Freuds technische Schriften
1386:Resistance (psychoanalysis)
1362:Censorship (psychoanalysis)
1354:
1076:
1018:identified the concepts of
10:
3320:
3294:Psychoanalytic terminology
1841:Die Zukunft einer Illusion
1726:Ramachandran, Vilayanur S.
1293:. Freud himself wrote of "
391:Three Essays on the Theory
31:
3203:
3153:Freud: The Secret Passion
3142:
3062:
2948:
2880:
2779:The Aetiology of Hysteria
2770:
2744:The Future of an Illusion
2640:
2119:Pederson, Trevor (2015).
1619:Psychology Second Edition
1616:Schacter, Daniel (2009).
1321:" was originally used by
1172:can be attributed (...) "
1092:generation to generation.
743:model of the psyche, the
569:Boston Graduate School of
42:Superego (disambiguation)
3228:Clement Freud (grandson)
3000:Psychosexual development
2870:Dostoevsky and Parricide
2848:Mourning and Melancholia
2494:Gay, Peter (ed., 1989),
2411:Narcissism: A New Theory
2032:Calian, Florian (2012).
84:Psychosexual development
3238:Walter Freud (grandson)
3233:Lucian Freud (grandson)
2466:Freud, Sigmund (1923),
2457:Freud, Sigmund (1920),
2307:Pontalis, Jean-Bertrand
2226:AbriĂ der Psychoanalyse
1680:"Id, Ego, and Superego"
1475:Freud, Sigmund (1933).
1427:Freud, Sigmund (1978).
1331:is taken directly from
913:instinct of destruction
3253:Edward Bernay (nephew)
3129:Views on homosexuality
3092:London home and museum
3087:Vienna home and museum
2268:Neurosis and Psychosis
1924:Snowden, Ruth (2006).
1646:Sigmund Freud (1933),
1490:Lacan, Jaques (1953).
1374:Plato's theory of soul
1274:
1241:
1146:
1119:
1094:
1062:
923:
796:
3299:Psychoanalytic theory
3243:Amalia Freud (mother)
3218:Anna Freud (daughter)
3213:Martha Bernays (wife)
2391:English translation:
1266:narcissistic neuroses
1262:Transference neuroses
1259:
1235:
1133:
1114:
1089:
1056:
859:
801:technical elaboration
793:
702:psychoanalytic theory
662:Psychology portal
641:Psychoanalytic theory
3304:Psychological models
3248:Jacob Freud (father)
3223:Ernst L. Freud (son)
3193:Freud's Last Session
2963:Id, ego and superego
2940:Daniel Paul Schreber
2760:Moses and Monotheism
2413:(London 1996) p. 10.
1989:. Worth Publishers.
1932:. pp. 105â107.
1926:Teach Yourself Freud
1865:Blackwell Publishing
1689:. pp. 393â399.
1050:, and substitution.
838:Moses and Monotheism
626:Child psychoanalysis
114:Id, ego and superego
52:a series of articles
34:Ego (disambiguation)
32:For other uses, see
3284:Conceptions of self
3279:Freudian psychology
3169:Mahler on the Couch
2657:Studies on Hysteria
2240:Neuropsychoanalysis
2059:Collection SynthĂšse
980:intellectualization
963:, and inferiority.
149:Countertransference
38:ID (disambiguation)
3177:A Dangerous Method
3044:Deferred obedience
2728:The Ego and the Id
2556:2011-09-03 at the
2544:2021-10-23 at the
2511:2012-03-24 at the
2473:The Ego and the Id
2468:Das Ich und das Es
2321:Abingdon-on-Thames
2092:The Ego and the Id
1954:The Ego and the Id
1773:The Ego and the Id
1380:Psychology of self
1335:, where it is the
1242:
1124:The Ego and the Id
1110:fear of castration
1063:
1000:reaction formation
968:defense mechanisms
870:pleasure principle
797:
779:The Ego and the Id
491:Schools of thought
424:The Ego and the Id
3266:
3265:
3049:Reality principle
2932:Sergei Pankejeff
2920:Bertha Pappenheim
2517:Kurt R. Eissler:
2373:Original German:
2334:978-0-429-92124-7
2281:On Metapsychology
2076:978-2-200-21997-0
2043:978-963-236-587-9
2011:On Metapsychology
1996:978-0-7167-7927-8
1958:On Metapsychology
1939:978-0-07-147274-6
1867:on behalf of the
1857:Child Development
1803:On Metapsychology
1790:On Metapsychology
1777:On Metapsychology
1745:978-0-080-96180-4
1633:978-1-4292-3719-2
930:reality principle
842:closest relatives
786:Psychic apparatus
706:psychic apparatus
698:
697:
182:Important figures
109:Psychic apparatus
16:(Redirected from
3311:
3188:(2020 TV series)
3054:Seduction theory
2990:Free association
2935:
2923:
2909:Irma's injection
2904:
2891:
2673:
2627:
2620:
2613:
2604:
2603:
2496:The Freud Reader
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1983:Meyers, David G.
1979:
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1839:Freud, Sigmund.
1836:
1830:
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1824:Freud, Sigmund.
1821:
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1707:. Archived from
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1644:
1638:
1637:
1613:
1604:
1597:
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1580:Freud, Sigmund.
1577:
1571:
1570:
1565:Freud, Sigmund.
1562:
1556:
1555:
1550:Freud, Sigmund.
1547:
1541:
1540:
1535:Freud, Sigmund.
1532:
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1520:Freud, Sigmund.
1517:
1511:
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1472:
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1454:
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1424:
1418:
1406:Freud, Sigmund.
1404:
1345:Bruno Bettelheim
1341:personal pronoun
1202:free association
1187:); and that the
1144:
941:rationalizations
774:unconscious mind
690:
683:
676:
660:
659:
658:
631:Depth psychology
533:Object relations
479:
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3268:
3267:
3262:
3199:
3144:
3138:
3134:Religious views
3124:Neo-Freudianism
3058:
3032:Oedipus complex
2950:
2944:
2933:
2917:
2903:("Little Hans")
2902:
2889:
2876:
2766:
2696:Totem and Taboo
2667:
2636:
2631:
2558:Wayback Machine
2546:Wayback Machine
2530:
2513:Wayback Machine
2443:10.2307/1413001
2423:
2421:Further reading
2418:
2417:
2408:
2404:
2390:
2376:Groddeck, Georg
2372:
2368:
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2355:
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2342:
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2303:Laplanche, Jean
2300:
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2236:
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2224:Sigmund Freud:
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2198:Sigmund Freud,
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1771:Sigmund Freud,
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1349:elaborated code
1287:
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1106:Oedipus complex
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996:rationalization
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846:Totem and Taboo
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548:Self psychology
523:Intersubjective
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362:Important works
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239:Freud (Sigmund)
183:
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78:
45:
28:
23:
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15:
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3289:Psychodynamics
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3075:complete works
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3037:Father complex
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2958:Psychoanalysis
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2528:External links
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2525:
2524:
2515:
2502:Rangjung Dorje
2499:
2498:. W.W. Norton.
2492:
2489:
2486:James Strachey
2464:
2455:
2437:(2): 181â218.
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2019:
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1714:on 2016-12-13
1710:
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1704:9780080961804
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1596:
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1584:
1576:
1568:
1561:
1554:. p. 85.
1553:
1546:
1539:. p. 85.
1538:
1531:
1524:. p. 99.
1523:
1516:
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1493:
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1471:
1464:
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1416:0-09-929622-5
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1189:limbic system
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1059:Sigmund Freud
1055:
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1042:, inversion,
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3151:
3119:Inner circle
3070:Bibliography
2995:Transference
2973:Preconscious
2962:
2881:Case studies
2868:
2854:
2846:
2838:
2824:
2816:
2808:
2800:
2792:
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2726:
2718:
2710:
2702:
2694:
2686:
2678:
2669:
2664:
2655:
2647:
2573:Lacanian Ink
2519:
2495:
2481:
2478:Joan Riviere
2471:
2467:
2458:
2434:
2428:
2410:
2405:
2395:
2380:
2369:
2356:
2343:
2315:
2297:
2288:
2280:
2275:
2266:
2261:
2252:
2243:
2239:
2233:
2225:
2220:
2213:On Sexuality
2212:
2207:
2200:On Sexuality
2199:
2194:
2143:
2139:
2129:
2120:
2114:
2100:
2090:
2085:
2067:Armand Colin
2062:
2058:
2052:
2033:
2027:
2018:
2010:
2005:
1986:
1965:
1957:
1953:
1948:
1925:
1919:
1893:cite journal
1860:
1856:
1849:
1840:
1834:
1825:
1819:
1810:
1802:
1797:
1789:
1784:
1776:
1772:
1767:
1759:
1754:
1730:
1716:. Retrieved
1709:the original
1686:
1673:
1664:
1655:
1650:. pp. 105â6.
1647:
1642:
1618:
1600:
1582:
1575:
1566:
1560:
1551:
1545:
1536:
1530:
1521:
1515:
1506:
1500:
1491:
1485:
1476:
1470:
1462:
1458:
1432:
1428:
1422:
1407:
1402:
1326:
1318:
1310:
1303:
1294:
1288:
1279:
1275:
1260:
1255:
1247:Preconscious
1243:
1218:
1213:
1198:
1185:frontal lobe
1181:
1177:
1173:
1169:
1165:
1163:
1154:
1149:
1147:
1140:
1134:
1128:
1122:
1120:
1115:
1103:
1095:
1090:
1080:
1067:preconscious
1064:
1044:somatization
1040:introjection
1032:idealization
1028:dissociation
988:compensation
976:displacement
965:
953:
949:
945:
938:preconscious
927:
912:
908:
901:reproduction
892:
886:
882:
874:
863:
853:
831:
827:
823:
819:
817:
804:
800:
798:
777:
767:
765:
756:
752:
744:
738:
729:
725:
721:
699:
472:
464:Anti-Oedipus
462:
452:
442:
432:
422:
412:
402:
393:of Sexuality
389:
378:
368:
234:Freud (Anna)
144:Transference
129:Introjection
119:Ego defenses
113:
99:Preconscious
29:
3196:(2023 film)
3180:(2011 film)
3172:(2010 film)
3164:(1993 play)
3161:The Visitor
3156:(1962 film)
3097:1971 statue
2934:("Wolfman")
2890:(Ida Bauer)
2668:(including
1930:McGraw-Hill
1871:: 189â194.
1723:Chapter of
1221:blank slate
1071:unconscious
1024:suppression
1012:sublimation
905:death drive
751:needs; the
749:instinctual
94:Unconscious
3273:Categories
3258:Jofi (dog)
3145:depictions
3010:Anal stage
3005:Oral stage
2983:censorship
2649:On Aphasia
2161:1887/81987
2013:pp. 89-90.
1960:pp. 363â4.
1718:2018-10-22
1441:0701200677
1394:References
1337:nominative
1251:repression
1150:Thou shalt
1129:Thou shalt
1099:conscience
1016:Anna Freud
1008:repression
1004:regression
992:projection
897:metabolism
850:hypothesis
813:organelles
543:Relational
154:Resistance
124:Projection
3104:Interment
2978:Ego ideal
2927:"Rat Man"
2914:"Anna O."
2707:(1916â17)
2670:On Dreams
2362:Super-Ego
2325:Routledge
2309:(2018) .
2186:198998249
2170:0167-8760
2123:. Karnac.
1507:Symposion
1368:Ego death
1309:", and "
1270:psychoses
1210:diagnosis
1174:and wich
1084:ego ideal
1048:splitting
344:Winnicott
324:Spielrein
304:Laplanche
224:Fairbairn
164:Dreamwork
3143:Cultural
3082:Archives
2951:concepts
2949:Original
2781:" (1896)
2569:Splash26
2554:Archived
2542:Archived
2509:Archived
2378:(1923).
2178:31362029
1505:Platon.
1355:See also
1143:, p. 64.
1138:â
1077:Superego
909:Thanatos
878:cathexes
824:dynamics
820:topology
782:(1923).
753:superego
730:Ăber-Ich
619:See also
561:Training
538:Reichian
513:Lacanian
498:Adlerian
339:Sullivan
334:Strachey
289:Kristeva
264:Jacobson
259:Irigaray
249:Guattari
229:Ferenczi
214:Chodorow
169:Cathexis
77:Concepts
50:Part of
18:Superego
3063:Related
2888:"Dora"
2451:1413001
2283:p. 345.
2265:Freud,
2215:p. 342.
2211:Freud,
2146:: 1â6.
2089:Freud,
2009:Freud,
1885:6705621
1805:p. 381.
1801:Freud,
1792:p. 380.
1788:Freud,
1758:Freud,
1736:393-399
1238:iceberg
1061:, 1923)
1020:undoing
984:fantasy
961:anxiety
866:desires
828:economy
761:desires
739:In the
528:Marxist
508:Jungian
219:Erikson
189:Abraham
3205:Family
2968:Libido
2916:
2873:(1928)
2865:(1922)
2859:(1920)
2851:(1918)
2843:(1916)
2835:(1915)
2829:(1914)
2821:(1914)
2813:(1910)
2805:(1908)
2797:(1907)
2789:(1905)
2771:Essays
2763:(1939)
2755:(1930)
2747:(1927)
2739:(1926)
2731:(1923)
2723:(1921)
2715:(1917)
2699:(1913)
2691:(1905)
2683:(1901)
2675:(1899)
2660:(1895)
2652:(1891)
2449:
2386:Vienna
2331:
2184:
2176:
2168:
2073:
2040:
1993:
1952:Freud,
1936:
1883:
1762:(1940)
1742:
1701:
1630:
1450:965512
1448:
1438:
1414:
1319:das Es
1010:, and
972:Denial
934:models
907:, the
889:libido
805:libido
728:, and
722:das Es
720:terms
718:German
714:psyche
478:(1989)
468:(1972)
458:(1964)
448:(1933)
438:(1930)
428:(1923)
418:(1920)
408:(1912)
397:(1905)
384:(1901)
374:(1899)
329:Stekel
309:Mahler
254:Horney
209:Breuer
199:Balint
159:Denial
134:Libido
40:, and
3185:Freud
3114:Humor
2641:Books
2447:JSTOR
2182:S2CID
1863:(1).
1712:(PDF)
1683:(PDF)
1333:Latin
1313:Ăber-
957:guilt
833:torso
734:Latin
349:ĆœiĆŸek
319:Reich
299:Laing
294:Lacan
284:Klein
279:Kohut
269:Jones
244:Fromm
194:Adler
139:Drive
2329:ISBN
2311:"Id"
2174:PMID
2166:ISSN
2071:ISBN
2038:ISBN
1991:ISBN
1934:ISBN
1899:link
1881:PMID
1740:ISBN
1699:ISBN
1628:ISBN
1446:OCLC
1436:ISBN
1412:ISBN
1311:das
1304:das
1302:", "
1236:The
1166:soul
917:Eros
899:and
893:Eros
826:and
809:Eros
314:Rank
274:Jung
204:Bion
2439:doi
2349:Ego
2156:hdl
2148:doi
2144:144
2063:109
1873:doi
1691:doi
1624:481
1328:ego
1315:Ich
1306:Ich
1296:das
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1121:In
924:Ego
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757:ego
726:Ich
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