North Sumatra - Knowledge

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and clams in various species. There is some sections of this town that still bears historical building established in the Dutch colonial. The cost to come to this town is the cheapest by train spending around 4 hours. You can either do a day trip or stay for a week to get a better look at the once busiest Dutch financial district in the east coast of North Sumatra.

6082:, North Sumatra is ranked on the top 10 most visited province in Indonesia. There are various kinds of tourist destinations that could be found throughout the province, Berastagi is best known as a hilly place with a cooler temperature as the whole province is in tropical region. Lake Toba is also a popular travel destination. Toba is a large 1614:. Participants of the revolution were believed to be provoked by leaders to kill aristocrats and create violence with three prime objectives: to eliminate the sultans and aristocrats (who were seen as Dutch allies), to seize their wealth (to fund the Indonesian independence campaign), and to eliminate the region's feudal social structure. 1348:, another kingdom emerged: a Batak kingdom founded by descendants of Sisingamangaraja. This kingdom gradually expanded its influenced throughout Tapanuli to Angkola, Mandailing, and Dairi. The three largest kingdoms in North Sumatra in the sixteenth century were Nagur, the Batak kingdom under the rule of King Sisingamangaraja, and Aru. 1914:) was created on 23 September 1964. Fourteen more new regencies and two new cities were created between 1998 and 2008. All these are listed below with their areas and their populations at the 2010 census and the 2020 census, together with their official estimates for mid-2023. Regencies and cities are sub-divided into 455 6103: 5556:

is one of the typical crafts of the East Coast that has been worldwide. Songket Batubara has its own characteristics, this can be seen from: The process of making songket still uses wooden looms in the traditional way, but still has good quality, thus this songket is not inferior to songket produced

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Bataks make up 44.95% of the population, including the Batak Karo and Mandailing. The Javanese come second with 30.62%, the Malays add up to 5.92% and the ethnic Chinese comprise 5.75%. The Nias people make up around 4.10% and the rest are Minangkabau (2.66%), Acehnese (1.07%), ethnic Indian (1.00%)

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is an old city situated approximately 180 km from Medan, the capital city of North Sumatra. In fact, it holds the last train station from the capital city. You can enjoy range of seafood and modern dishes at traditional restaurants and modern ones. The town boasts its sea produces such as fish

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The traditional dance repertoire includes various types. Some are in the form of sacred dances and some are solely for entertainment. In addition to traditional dances which are part of traditional ceremonies, sacred dances are usually danced by dayu-datu. Included in this type of dance are teacher

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Export performance of agricultural imports also decreased the essential oil dropped 18 percent from US$ 162,234 to US$ 773,023, seafood / shrimp, coconut oil and robusta coffee also dropped quite dramatically to 97 per cent. Some commodities were increased (a value of over US $ Million) is cocoa,

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Import export performance of some industrial products showed a decline. Namely furniture fell 22.83% from US$ 558,363 (2005) to US$ 202,630 (2006), plywood down 24.07 percent from US$ 19,771 to US$ 8,237, misteric acid down 27.89% from US$ 115,362 into US$ 291,201, stearic acid dropped 27.04% from

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is named after the similarly spelt Mandailing people located in North Sumatra, Indonesia. The name is the result of a misunderstanding by the first foreign purchaser of the variety, and no coffee is actually produced in the "Mandailing region". Lintong on the other hand, is named after the Lintong

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of 99.59 men per 100 women. The 2015 Intermediate census gave a total of 13,923,262, while the 2020 census gave a total of 14,799,361, and the official estimate for mid-2023 was 15,386,640. The mid-2023 total comprised 7,721,314 males and 7,665,326 females, giving a sex ratio of 100.73 men per 100

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The plantation is spread in East coast area such as Deli Serdang, Serdang Bedagai Langkat, Simalungun, Asahan, Labuhan Batu, and also around west coast: Central and South Tapanuli. Plantations, especially palm oil, are important for sourcing reticulated and blood pythons, the skins of which are a

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which governed the entire island of Sumatra out of Medan. In 1948, after Indonesian independence was proclaimed, Sumatra Province was divided into three sub-provinces, each of which had the right to regulate and manage its own affairs. April 15, 1948 was later designated as the anniversary of the

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Sei Mangkei Industrial Area, also known as Sei Mangkei – Integrated Sustainable Palm Oil Cluster (SM-ISPOIC), is located in Simalungun Regency and was formally opened on 12 June 2010. Four companies have joined in this area, with investment costs totaling up to Rp1.5 trillion ($ 176 million). In

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North Sumatra produces rubber, cocoa, tea, palm oil, coffee, cloves, coconut, cinnamon, and tobacco. These commodities have been exported to many countries and contributing huge foreign exchange for Indonesia. In addition to commodities, North Sumatra is also known as a producer of horticultural

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cloth. Ulos is a traditional Batak cloth used in wedding ceremonies, death, building houses, arts, etc. Ulos cloth is made of cotton or hemp yarn. Ulos colors are usually black, white, and red which have certain meanings. While other colors are symbols of the variety of life. In the Pakpak tribe

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or DPR) to create three new provinces from parts of the present North Sumatra: Nias Islands, Tapanuli, and East Sumatra; however since 2013 the Indonesian Government have maintained a moratorium on the intended creation of new provinces, regencies and cities. The present regencies and cities are

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In North Sumatra, there is 2098.05 kilometres down a state-road, which pertained only steady 1095.70 kilometres or 52.22 percent and 418.60 kilometres or 19.95 percent in a state of being, remaining in a state of disrepair. While of 2752.41 kilometres of provincial roads, which is in a state of

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Coffee exports from North Sumatra reached a record high of 46,290 tonnes with Japan as the main export destination countries during the last five years. Sumatran coffee exports are also listed as the top 10 highest export products with a value of US$ 3.25 million or 47200.8 tons from January to

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consists of 16 regencies (Nias, South Nias, North Nias and West Nias; Samosir, Toba, North Tapanuli, Humbang Hasundutan, Central Tapanuli, South Tapanuli, North Padang Lawas, Padang Lawas and Mandailing Natal; Labuhan Batu, South Labuhan Batu and North Labuhan Batu), together with the cities of

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that stands out is the traditional house architecture which is a combination of the results of sculpture and carving as well as the results of handicrafts. Traditional house architecture is found in various forms of ornament. In general, the shape of the traditional house building in the Batak

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is an island off the western coast of Sumatra. Nias is an internationally popular surfing destination where many international surfing competitions are held. The best known surfing area is Sorake Bay, close to the town of Teluk Dalam, on the southern tip. This is enclosed by the beaches of

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chieftains, and Chinese groups who felt that the revolution threatened their interests. Dr Tengku Mansu, a member of the Asahan royal family, was selected as head of state for the NST. While the Dutch wanted the NST to be seen as an orderly and progressive alternative to the republic,

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is one of the village in the Karo Regency. Located at an altitude of about 1200 m above sea level, approximately 15 km from Brastagi and 5 km from the Kabanjahe. Linga is unique Karo traditional house and village that has been built an estimated of 250 years ago, but still

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8, that formed a climate-changing event. Recent advances in dating methods suggest more precise dating at 74,000 years ago. It is the largest-known explosive eruption on Earth in the last 25 million years. It has been accepted that the eruption of the Toba Caldera led to a

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On March 12, 1942, Japanese forces landed in Palubuhan Ruku on the east coast, and advanced on Medan. The advance force reported it had captured the town the next day. The main force followed on bicycles. There was some resistance from the Dutch forces, particularly around

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populations in North Sumatra that remain to this day. By 1874, the sultanates had been formally included within the Dutch East Indies, and in Deli, the sultan of Deli granted the Dutch sole rights over taxation and leases, in exchange for an annual pension. That year, the

5404:, stands strong and majestic and is still commonly found in Samosir and Lake Toba area. The Batak Karo traditional house looks big and taller than other traditional houses. The roof is made of palm fiber and is usually supplemented with smaller triangular roofs called 4204:

The region includes 38 offshore islands - 11 in Langkat Regency, 1 in Deli Serdang, 1 in Medan City, 2 in Serdang Bedagai, 1 in Simalungun, 2 in Batubara, 4 in Asahan, 8 (riverine islands) in Tanjungbalai City, 2 in North Labuhanbatu and 6 in Labuhanbatu Regency.

5416:. With soaring multi-layered roofs, Karo's house has a distinctive shape compared to other traditional houses that only have one roof in North Sumatra, there are still several villages in Karo highland that still reserve traditional house and buildings, like in 1237:

and remained isolated from foreign culture and kingdoms like Srivijaya and Majapahit. The Toba people divided the Batak Lands into several independent kingdoms, which often entered into defensive alliances. Of the many kingdoms, Bakkara and their king or

1488:, causing a guerilla war lasting 30 years until and Sisingmangaraja XII's death in battle and a subsequent Dutch victory. Meanwhile, particularly after 1869, Dutch tobacco plantation activities expanded on the east coast, including the estab;ishment of 5961:

showed, in January 2006, the Third Party Funds (TPF), which absorbed BPR reached Rp253,366,627,000 (around US$ 19 million) and loans reached Rp260.152.445.000 (around US$ 19.5 million). While assets reached Rp340,880,837,000 (US$ 25.5 million).

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is a popular spot for surfing. The capital itself, Medan, has many places of interest, mainly for its historical sites. The city is also known for its variety of cuisine. The list below is the most known places of interest in North Sumatra:

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is a 2.5 hectares island located in the Malaka Strait near the boundary of Indonesia and Malaysia. It is a popular place for snorkeling and watching turtle nesting. Visitors can reach the island via boat from Sergei in the Serdang Bedagai

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commodities (vegetables and fruits); e.g. Medanese Orange, Deli Guava, Cabbage Vegetable, Tomato, Potato and Carrot generated by Karo, Simalungun and North Tapanuli. The horticultural products have been exported to Malaysia and Singapore.

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on the northeast coast of Nias. The Batu Islands, just southeast of Nias, consist of 51 islands including three major islands: Pini, Tanahbala and Tanahmasa. Pulau Telo is their administrative centre on the small island of Situasi. Other

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steady length 1237.60 kilometres or 44.96 per cent, while in a state of being 558.46 kilometres, or 20.29 percent. As damaged roads length 410.40 kilometres, or 14.91 percent, and the damaged length 545.95 kilometres, or 19.84 percent.

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in East Africa show significant amounts of ash deposited by the Toba Caldera eruptions, despite a great distance from the area, but these studies offer little indication of a significant climatic effect in East Africa. According to the

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or Deutero Malays settled on the coast. They mainly lived by fishing and by cultivating the marshy land for agriculture. Their villages were scattered along the big rivers that flow to the east coast of North Sumatra such as Besitang,

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in the Strait of Malacca. The Nias archipelago, located off the coast of western Sumatra in the Indian Ocean, consists of Nias Island and other much smaller islands in its vicinity. Its administrative centre is located at the city of

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The province is famous for its plantations. The plantations are managed by private companies and the state. SOE Plantation area is located in North Sumatra, among others PT Perkebunan Nusantara II (PTPN II), PTPN IV and PTPN III.

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in late 1949, the Dutch withdrew military support for the State of East Sumatra and its local authority began to collapse. The short-lived state was viewed with suspicion, and Dr Tengku Mansur entered into negotiations with

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Profane dance is usually a young social dance that is danced at a happy party. Tortor is danced at the wedding ceremony. Usually danced by the audience including the bride and young people. These youth dances, for example

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migrants, who were majority does not returned after end contract and decided to stay in North Sumatra. The rapid urbanisation in the province also attract neighbouring people from Aceh, Riau and West Sumatra, which is the

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More than 95% of all residents are either Muslim or Christian; the remainder are Buddhists, Hindus, or follow folk religions such as Confucians, Parmalim, and Taoists. These are the recognized religions of North Sumatra:

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is a settlement in Teluk Dalam of the South Nias Regency of Indonesia. The village was built on a flat-topped hill, the name Bawomataluo meaning "Sun Hill", and is one of the best-preserved villages built in traditional

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people, consisting mostly of women and children had landed in Indonesia and been directed by the military to the North Sumatra region. This has been one of several groups that have arrived in the area over the preceding

907:. Larger villages grew at the mouths of rivers and became centres of government. Relics of the Mesolithic era have been found in North Sumatra, including finely honed stone axes, bone tools, and painting materials. 1659:

to reunify East Sumatra with the Republic of Indonesia in May 1950. Mansur surrendered authority to the republic and East Sumatra merged with Tapanuli to become the province of North Sumatra on August 15, 1950.

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has a unique soil colour is white because it is located in a limestone hill that resembles snow, and also in the middle of this area there are lakes with hot blue-green coloured water, located in Tinggi Raja,

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is the capital of North Sumatra province with a diverse crowd population of tribes and religions in unity. There are many historical tourist objects to spot and various great cuisine to taste in Medan.

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and its surrounding islets. With the opening of tobacco plantations in East Sumatra during the colonial era, the colonial government employed many contract labourers for plantations, they were mainly

1379:, succeeded in spreading Islam into the southern Tapanuli kingdom. As a result of this warfare and cultural shifts, the three big kingdoms split into several small kingdoms and sultanates, including 2775:

was created from part of Toba Samosir Regency on 18 December 2003 (more recently, the remaining part of this regency was renamed Toba Regency). Another two regencies were created on 17 July 2007 -

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Archaeological understanding of early North Sumatran peoples is limited compared to that of other nearby regions. Prehistoric relics in North Sumatra show that the oldest population may have been

1671:. North Sumatra was an amalgamation of three administrative regions called Residencies: the Residency of Aceh, the East Sumatra Residency, and the Residency of Tapanuli. The publication of the 5338:

which is usually played during traditional ceremonies in marriage, death, and so on. Meanwhile, the Mandailing and Angkola Batak tribes have musical instruments similar to the gondang, namely

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in central East Africa and India, affecting the human genome to the present day. More recent studies have cast doubt on this theory and found no evidence of substantial changes in population.

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The eastern coastal area of North Sumatra, located on the shores of the Straits of Malacca, has been widely visited by Hindus and by Chinese traders for centuries since the founding of early

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in Pangkalan Brandan, Langkat which has been explored since the days of the Dutch East Indies. Besides that, in Kuala Tanjung, Asahan, there is the company named PT Inalum (abbreviated from

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Of the garment sector, garment exports tend to fall in January 2006. The results of special apparel industry down 42.59% from US$ 1,066,124 in 2005, to US$ 2,053 in 2006 in the same month.

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Moreover, in the mountains there are many geothermal hot spots were very likely to be developed as a source of thermal energy or steam that can then be transformed into electrical energy.

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With a 2020 population around 14.8 million and mid-2023 estimate around 15.4 million, North Sumatra is Indonesia's fourth most populous province and the most populous province outside of

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The Nias people on Nias Island remained isolated during its early era. Its people practiced agriculture and cultivation, made art carvings, and adhered to shamanist and pagan practices.

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Half of the province is located on a high plateau that runs along the Bukit Barisan mountains, from central North Sumatra to the western coast. The tallest mountain in the province is

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to the southeast. The province contains a broad, low plain along the Strait of Malacca on which the provincial capital, Medan, is located. In the south and west, the land rises to the

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consists of the remaining 7 regencies (Asahan, Simalungun, Dairi, Karo, Langkat, Pakpak Bharat and Batubara), together with the cities of Tanjungbalai, Pematangsiantar and Binjai.

1864:. So far, over 206,000 ha of forests in Sumatra have experienced changes in function. As many as 163,000 ha were converted to plantations and 42,900 ha were transmigration areas. 7404: 5194: 2687:

The region include 124 smaller offshore islands - 87 in South Nias Regency (primarily the Batu Islands), 11 in West Nias Regency, 19 in North Nias Regency and 7 in Nias Regency.

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is a tourist site situated at the edge of the Gunung Leuser national park, around 20 km due north from Bukit Lawang, The main tourist draw at Tangkahan is the presence of

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The rivers that disgorge from the mountains around Lake Toba are also a natural resource that has potential enough to be an exploited resource for hydroelectric power plants.

1888:. Earlier governments ruled all of Sumatra (1945-1950); and a North Sumatra Province that included Aceh (1950-1956). In 1956, Aceh split off to form a separate Aceh Province. 5957:

In addition to national banks, state banks and international banks, currently there are 61 units of Credited Peoples Banks (BPR) and 7 Credited Sharia Bank (BPRS). Data from

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on April 15, 1948, formalized the division of these three provinces. The date of 15 April 1948 has been subsequently celebrated as the anniversary of North Sumatra Province.

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which existed at the time of independence. It now covers ten regencies and five cities, but originally there were just six regencies and the five cities. The new regency of

1575: 5683:, however there are also halal batak dishes, mostly chicken, beef, lamb, mutton, and freshwater fishes. With a large population of Batak being Muslim, especially among 5212: 6247:, is a 5 star resort located around 8 km from Munthe village, Karo Regency. This place is the good place for sightseeing the whole Lake Toba from top of the hill. 6199:

is a small highland town located 63 kilometres to the south of Medan, and is a popular weekend destination for city dwellers due to its chilled and fresh mountain air.

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with a worldwide decrease in temperatures between 3 and 5 °C (5.4 and 9.0 °F), and up to 15 °C (27 °F) in higher latitudes. Additional studies in

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with today's sophisticated machines. The Batubara songket also has a variety of unique motifs such as bamboo shoots, mangosteen flowers, cempaka flowers, Caul buds,

1645:. The state lasted from December 1947 to August 1950. In addition to the Dutch, the NST state was supported by Malay aristocrats, most of the Simalungun rajas, some 7360:

Ninkovich, D.; N.J. Shackleton; A.A. Abdel-Monem; J.D. Obradovich; G. Izett (December 7, 1978). "K−Ar age of the late Pleistocene eruption of Toba, north Sumatra".

910: 1476:. The Dutch proceeded further into Batakland and North Sumatra, invading Toba, Karo Highland, Nias and Silindung with the help of Christian missionaries, such as 8927: 6025: 1910:(formerly municipalities). When originally created as a province with its current boundaries, it was composed of 10 regencies and 6 cities, but an 11th regency ( 663: 5106:(Protestantism and Catholicism): especially embraced by Batak Toba, Karo, Simalungun, Nias, Pakpak and partly Batak Angkola, partly Javanese, Chinese and Indian 6051:

The increasingly higher economic performance of Sumatra and Java means that North Sumatran exports will be experiencing rapid growth. In 2004, the size of the

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After Indonesian independence, at the first session of the National Committee of Regions (KND), Sumatra was divided into three sub-provinces: North Sumatra,

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members Xarim MS and Luat Siregar), the revolutionary movement was seen as a means for East Sumatra to be freed from colonial rule and to join the larger

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Malay traditional houses in North Sumatra are not much different from Malay houses in other provinces, only the green and yellow color is more dominant.

4894: 2026: 7821: 6640: 6530:, the first toll road in Medan, connecting from Belawan to Tanjung Morawa, passing east side of the city, the government also on has built a 62 km 6070:

horticulture, arabica coffee, palm oil, natural rubber, seafood (non shrimp). For the results of the molding industry, vehicle tires and rubber gloves.

753:. At 72,460.74 square kilometres (27,977.25 sq mi), North Sumatra is also the third-largest province in area on the island of Sumatra behind 5100:: especially embraced by the Malays, Minangkabau, Javanese, Aceh, Mandailing, Angkola, partly Nias, and partly Batak Toba, Karo, Simalungun and Pakpak 1793:

deposits on Mount Sibayak have historically been mined on a small scale, and seepage of sulfurous gases has caused acidic discolouration of its small

7515:"Subdecadal phytolith and charcoal records from Lake Malawi, East Africa imply minimal effects on human evolution from the ~74 ka Toba supereruption" 7233: 1541:, moving the de facto capital out of the Dutch centre of Medan. The occupation lasted 3 years. In 1945 the Japanese occupation officially ended with 7791: 7022: 2360:(created on 7 November 1956), but on 25 February 2003 the southern part of the island (including the Batu Islands) was split off to form a separate 1678:

Act R.I. No. 24 of 1956, promulgated on December 7, 1956, re-established an autonomous Aceh Province, independent of the Province of North Sumatra.

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from the 14th century list countries found in North Sumatra, Pane, Haru, Mandailing, Tamiang, Lawas, and Barus, which were mainly defeated by the

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and up to Banda Aceh are also on going. There are under discussion to build Medan inner ring-road toll road, including an elevated tollway above

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of an ancient volcano. Several large islands in the Indian Ocean off the west coast of Sumatra are currently part of North Sumatra, most notably

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There are 419 islands in North Sumatra. The outer islands include the island of Simuk (the most westerly of the Batu Islands) and the island of

8922: 8068: 6725: 1764: 1437:. However, the UK maintained a presence in several places that were considered important for trade, including parts of Sumatra and Kalimantan. 880:(kitchen waste), some of which are still found as hills in Saentis, Hinai, Tanjung Beringin, along the Deli-Langkat shore, and on river banks. 612: 4525:

people are regarded as the majority people of the east coast of the province, while the west coast of the province is mainly inhabited by the

1159:, which existed from the 13th to the 16th century CE. In its height, the kingdom was a maritime power and controlled the northern part of the 8932: 6885: 5304:

The music that is usually played depends on the traditional ceremonies held, but is more dominant with the drums. As in the Coastal Ethnic (

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North Sumatra recorded a population of 12,985,075 in the 2010 national census, making the 4th most populous province in Indonesia, with a

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which existed at the time of independence (except for Nias Island). When the province was created, the region comprised three regencies (

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consists of 2 of the regencies in the province (Deli Serdang and Serdang Bedagai), together with the cities of Medan and Tebingtinggi.

4217:. Each of the three districts elects 10 members to the People's Representative Council (for a total of 30 members from the province). 8510: 8282: 7737: 4245: 7892: 4910: 5246: 8273: 2751:- was created on 23 September 1964 from part of North Tapanuli Regency. Two more new regencies were formed on 23 November 1998 - 1651: 1452:, in the years prior to 1860, Dutch forces arrived in South Tapanuki at the request of a local leader to provide protection. The 1440: 1414:(the VOC) in 1641. Coastal areas of North Sumatra felt economic impacts as the VOC subsequently reduced the presence of trade in 318: 5176: 8912: 7302: 1550: 5622:

which is fish that is fried without using coconut. For taste, Batak land is heaven for lovers of coconut milk and spicy food.

5136:: especially embraced by Indian in urban areas, there are also small Batak Karo people that practising Hinduism in rural areas 1321: 7286: 7206: 7185: 7162: 7143: 7122: 7049:

Dootjes, F.J.J. (November 1938). "Deli, the Land of Agricultural Enterprises". In Koninklijk Instituut voor de Tropen (ed.).

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history and the vistas it offers. The tourist resorts are concentrated in the Tuktuk, Tomok, Simanindo, and Pangururan areas.

1860:. In reality, the forests are not as large as the figures suggest. A lot of the forests are damaged, due to encroachment and 811:, wiping out nearly all of humanity. The supereruption resulted in the creation of Lake Toba and was rated a VEI-8 eruption. 1537:, fell on 15 March. During the Japanese occupation of North Sumatra, the leader of the Japanese Armed Forces was centred in 206: 100: 8534: 6674: 4882: 1885: 7645:) as amended by Government Regulation in Lieu of Law No. 1/2022 and Regulation of General Elections Commission No. 6/2023. 6241:, one of the highest waterfalls in Indonesia, is located near Tongging in Karo regency, about 1 hour drive from Berastagi. 5932:

Sumatra Mandheling and Sumatra Lintong coffee beans are grown in North Sumatra and largely exported to the United States.

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are the most known dishes from Medan and the east coast. The Chinese have influenced the province's cuisine, examples are

4925: 72: 8917: 8014: 7764: 6261:, it is a religious garden with dioramas from 5 religion of Indonesia (Islam, Christian, Buddhist, Hindu, and Confucian). 1760: 874:. Early peoples in North Sumatra consumed mostly snails and clams, leaving large shell deposits sometimes referred to as 575: 7603: 5420:. The shape of the traditional house in the Batak Simalungun area is quite attractive. The traditional house complex in 8061: 6790: 300: 960:, though their initial ancestors may have arrived earlier: ancestors of the Nias people are thought to have come from 172: 7075: 6975: 6610: 6006: 1522: 1496:, using land leased from the Malay sultans. As there was a worker shortage, the Dutch began importing labourers from 1308: 1033: 119: 79: 5730:(Batak restaurants) can be found anywhere across the province, it even expanded into neighbouring provinces such as 1290: 7338: 6999: 6113: 2763:

was split off from South Tapanuli Regency on 21 June 2001. Two further regencies were formed on 25 February 2003 -

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groups (Indonesian nationalists) conducted mass killings of the members of aristocratic families. To opportunistic

7922: 5898:, which is the largest hydroelectric power plant on Sumatra Island, is located at Porsea in Toba Samosir Regency. 5546:. Usually uis base colors are dark blue and reddish. In the west coast community there is a woven fabric known as 3413:

The region includes 60 small offshore islands - 24 in Mandailing Natal, 31 in Central Tapanuli (the largest being

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The size of technical irrigation entirely in North Sumatra is 132 ha that covers an area of 174 irrigation site.

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held the most sway due to customs and traditions which consider Bakkara the place of origin of the Batak people.

6938: 5561:, and Fighting Dragons. The Batubara songket woven has an attractive design and a high cultural artistic value. 6131:

is the largest volcanic lake in the world. Located in the centre of North Sumatra, the lake can be reached via

3474:

The region comprises the northeastern part of the province on the island of Sumatra, and equates to the former

2695: 1922:(as of early 2024). Proposals have been under consideration since 2013 by the People's Representative Council ( 1611: 1554: 1286: 1282: 1015: 1011: 86: 57: 53: 17: 8446: 7733: 5542:. Usually the base color of the ointment is black-brown or white. In the Karo tribe there is a weave known as 3486:

was formed on 2 January 2007 from part of Asahan Regency. Two further regencies were formed on 24 June 2008 -

8054: 5182: 968:

4,000 to 5,000 years ago. Ten years of research involving blood samples of 440 Nias people in 11 villages on

8994: 8684: 5909: 5805:

which are dishes also popular elsewhere in Indonesia. Indian influences can also be seen in dishes such as

1607: 973: 6398:

was opened on July 25, 2013, and is located almost 40 kilometres from Medan. The airport replaces the old

6354:. The development objective of this cross-shaped monument is to commemorate the service and dedication of 1789:, also located in the Karo highland, sitting at an elevation of 2,181 metres (7,156 ft). Crystalline 1190:. Its people are believed to have been descendants of the Karo people from the interior of North Sumatra. 68: 8984: 8880: 8266: 7799: 6582: 6212:

is a Buddhist Theravada-style temple that is similar to Shwedagon Pagoda in Myanmar located in Berastagi.

6164: 5237: 2334:, means "the big house". It refers to a traditional house from South Nias, in which formerly the king of 1846: 1812:

Lake Toba is the site of a supervolcanic eruption that occurred 69,000 to 77,000 years ago, estimated at

8989: 8979: 8396: 8356: 8351: 8336: 7981: 6889: 6886:"Unexpected island Effects At An Extreme: Reduced Y-Chromosome And Mitochondrial DNA Diversity In Nias" 6535: 6299:

located in Porsea, Toba Samosir Regency, this is a waterfall that has a height that reaches 250 metres.

6274: 5342:. The Malays in the East Coast have the same musical instruments as the Malays in general, such as the 4754: 4645: 4127: 4047: 3256: 3056: 2174: 2132: 1927:

grouped for convenience below according to the projected new provinces within which they are situated:

1850: 1813: 1642: 1430: 1419: 7707: 7067:

The Invasion of the South: Army Air Force Operations, and the Invasion of Northern and Central Sumatra

6814: 6774:

Louys, Julien (April 4, 2024). Albers, Paul C.H.; van der Geer, Alexandra A.E.; Louys, Julien (eds.).

6775: 6706: 6542:

also in proportion, meanwhile in the north, a toll project connecting Binjai to Aceh's eastern city,

5147:: embraced by most of the Batak tribe centred in Huta Tinggi, Laguboti district, Toba Samosir Regency 2121: 2110: 4213:

The province comprises three of Indonesia's 84 national electoral districts to elect members to the

8455: 8426: 8366: 8251: 6231: 6145:

is a volcanic island in middle of Lake Toba, It is a popular tourist destination due to its exotic

5891:) that is engaged in ore mining and smelting of aluminium which is the only one in Southeast Asia. 4818: 4697: 4693: 3336: 3119: 3096: 2250: 2196: 1750: 1411: 1345: 1271: 7690: 8597: 8411: 7434:"Ash from the Toba supereruption in Lake Malawi shows no volcanic winter in East Africa at 75 ka" 6355: 6052: 5883:

North Sumatra is rich in natural resources such as natural gas in the area of Tandem, Binjai and

5626:

or money to buy sweet palm wine is a very familiar term there, describing how close palm wine or

5455: 4848: 4796: 4655: 3849: 3555: 2844: 2437: 1987: 1827: 1646: 1591: 1566: 1477: 1434: 1275: 1164: 1004: 652: 628: 591: 46: 8647: 5703:

and others. Batak culinary centres are located in towns of Batak highlands, such as the town of

5606:

is a very spicy popular typical food. The characteristic of Batak cuisine is its preference for

9009: 8964: 8550: 8431: 8421: 8259: 7691:

Aris Ananta; Evi Nurvidya Arifin; M. Sairi Hasbullah; Nur Budi Handayani; Agus Pramono (2015).

6306: 5989:

North Sumatra has several industrial sites, mainly around Deli Serdang. Medan Industrial Area (

4746: 4685: 4649: 3176: 3016: 2222: 2185: 1915: 1650:

western-educated aristocrats saw it as a bastion for their own ethnic interests. Following the

1360: 808: 707: 554: 346: 155: 8999: 8890: 8864: 8401: 7064:

War History Office of the National Defense College of Japan (2021). Remmelink, Willem (ed.).

6317: 5432:, drying rack, taboo hall of need, and mortar. The prominent Mandailing buildings are called 5123: 4402: 4214: 3475: 2896: 2070: 1919: 1831: 1630: 1622: 1570: 7705: 6358:

which is a missionary from northern Germany. This Parks built on Dolok (Hill) Siatas Barita.

9014: 9004: 8974: 8737: 8559: 8391: 8346: 8331: 7526: 7445: 7369: 7063: 6670: 6566: 6286: 6257:

name for The Garden of Faith located in Sitinjo village, Dairi around 10 km away from

6209: 5466:

dances and stick dances. Datu danced while swinging a magic stick called Tunggal Panaluan.

5200: 5168: 5002: 4804: 4792: 4689: 4087: 3647: 3296: 2145: 1976: 1800: 1794: 1763:

include Imanna, Pasu, Bawa, Hamutaia, Batu Makelele, Masa, Bau, Simaleh, Makole, Jake, and

1485: 1473: 1465: 1406:, painted by Augustin Sibarani, from the obverse of the 1,000 rupiah banknote (1987 series) 1403: 1187: 957: 926: 855: 93: 8: 8493: 8308: 8187: 8125: 8002: 7279:

The Blood of the People: Revolution & the End of Traditional Rule in Northern Sumatra

6347: 6254: 6189: 6013: 5990: 5594:

There is a wide variety of food in North Sumatra, depending on the region. This includes

5390: 5305: 4978: 4864: 4629:

The distribution of the tribes, clans, and ethnic groups in North Sumatra is as follows:

4466: 4030: 4007: 3482:

was formed on 18 December 2003 from part of Deli Serdang Regency, and the new regency of

2728: 2339: 2099: 2017: 1907: 1897: 1634: 847: 695: 508: 491: 193: 7896: 7861: 7844: 7530: 7491: 7449: 7373: 4827: : major east coast cities such as; Medan, Binjai, Tebing Tinggi, Pematangsiantar, 1830:, the eruption killed most humans living at that time and is believed to have created a 1351:

Wars between these three kingdoms made the region vulnerable to outside influences from

1336:, there were several kingdoms on the east coast of Sumatra, namely the larger Nagur and 8831: 8793: 8755: 8750: 8707: 8416: 8386: 8381: 7874: 7468: 7433: 7385: 7359: 7256: 6495: 6448: 6160: 6066:

US$ 792,910 to US$ 308,020, and soap noodles down 26% from US$ 689,025 to US$ 248,053.

5822: 5639: 5575: 5379: 5285: 4844: 4824: 4814: 4733: 4506: 4476: 3767: 2565: 2525: 2306: 2295: 2061: 1517: 1513: 1368: 1134: 859: 786: 778: 425: 6386: 972:

island show similarities between their Y-chromosome and mitochondrial DNA and that of

8816: 8376: 7878: 7866: 7544: 7473: 7282: 7181: 7118: 7071: 6971: 6944: 6828: 6645:

Badan Pusat Statistik Provinsi Sumatera Utara (Statistics of Sumatera Utara Province)

6578: 6527: 6337: 6218:, a blue crystal river located in Rumah Galuh, Langkat Regency, 50 km from Medan 6083: 5933: 5684: 5289: 5272:

North Sumatra hosts various ethnicities, religions and traditions, influenced by the

4990: 4729: 4681: 4633: 4456: 3448: 2603: 2284: 1703: 1626: 1489: 1469: 1457: 1392: 1384: 1234: 1096:

recorded the names of North Sumatran states he defeated in one expedition to conquer

790: 739: 608: 571: 536: 512: 7944: 7306: 6692: 5753:

The North Sumatran Malay cuisine is similar to another Malays region, meals such as

2678:

Notes: (a) UU is an abbreviation from Undang-Undang (the Indonesia statute of law).

1155:

The earliest kingdom that was present on the eastern coast of North Sumatra was the

8849: 8773: 8722: 8717: 8571: 8478: 8321: 8046: 7856: 7534: 7513:

Yost, Chad L.; Jackson, Lily J.; Stone, Jeffery R.; Cohen, Andrew S. (March 2018).

7463: 7453: 7389: 7377: 7333: 7248: 6794: 6602: 6510: 6499: 6474: 6452: 6429: 6156: 4916: 4760: 4496: 3927: 3790: 3239: 3216: 2239: 1872: 1481: 1461: 1388: 1356: 1138: 977: 867: 762: 431: 6313:

collections of wildlife from the smallest to the largest according to the habitat.

6293:. The temple is believed to be constructed between the 11th and 13th centuries AD. 5974:

Sorikmas Mining (SMM), main base around South Tapanuli with gold as main commodity

1422:. Still, North Sumatra also saw an increase in Arab, Chinese and Indian traders. 866:(Middle Stone Age). They spread to the eastern part of Indonesia to the island of 8885: 8859: 8727: 8712: 8483: 8406: 8361: 7666: 7539: 7514: 6399: 6290: 6163:(around 5,000 orangutans occupy the area), and also the main access point to the 5826: 5635: 5293: 5164: 4982: 4838: 4834: 4788: 4764: 4737: 4701: 4667: 4641: 4486: 4436: 4274: 4261: 3830: 3807: 3567: 2936: 2165: 2050: 1967: 1861: 1818: 1664: 1583: 1530: 1509: 1105: 921:, stone statue sites that are possible evidence of prehistoric Batak civilization 871: 782: 419: 6012:

April 2011, three other companies also joined in the Sei Mangkei area. They are

5319: 8844: 8808: 8788: 8783: 8316: 8176: 8114: 7429: 7110: 6934: 6458: 6438: 5958: 5614:) as the main spice. That is why andaliman in Indonesia is sometimes dubbed as 4998: 4800: 4768: 4742: 3967: 3441: 3437: 3414: 2035: 1778: 1769: 1656: 1505: 1501: 1380: 1364: 1352: 1160: 1142: 1093: 1071: 863: 520: 500: 496: 5397:). This is even clearer by decorating the top of the roof with buffalo heads. 5334:

The Batak Toba, Pakpak and Simalungun tribes have a musical instrument called

4791: : mostly reside in east coast rural areas, and in west coast areas like 2327: 8958: 8942: 8839: 8798: 8632: 8498: 8326: 7870: 6442: 6422:. In passenger numbers, Kualanamu is the fifth largest airport in Indonesia. 5680: 5599: 5570: 5529:

is an interesting craft art from the Batak tribe. Examples of this weave are

5006: 4719: 4715: 4110: 3889: 3079: 2856: 2723:

This region comprises the southwestern part of the province on the island of

2081: 2003: 1911: 1786: 1745:

Satellite photo of North Sumatra and Nias Island with Lake Toba in the centre

1719: 1668: 1221: 1101: 918: 904: 754: 726:

on the east coast of the island. It is bordered by Aceh on the northwest and

504: 247: 234: 7458: 7405:"How ancient humans survived global 'volcanic winter' from massive eruption" 7024:

National revolution in north Sumatra: Sumatera Timur and Topanuli, 1942-1950

6967:

Runtuhnya kerajaan Hindu-Jawa dan timbulnya negara-negara Islam di Nusantara

6940:

From Distant Tales: Archaeology and Ethnohistory in the Highlands of Sumatra

6265: 1722:

mountain range that runs the length of Sumatra; the mountains here surround

1225:, written in the 15th century, also refers to the "Kingdom of Bata" between 1046: 8821: 8669: 8637: 8627: 8468: 8436: 8371: 8341: 8225: 8212: 8154: 7548: 7477: 7274: 6515: 6433: 6419: 6282: 6270: 6175: 6152: 6095: 5735: 5219: 5204: 5160: 5115: 5103: 5083: 5041: 4808: 4782: 4709: 4663: 4659: 4637: 4426: 3727: 3452: 2976: 2681: 2487: 2449: 2353: 2275: 2266: 2156: 2090: 1837: 1782: 1755: 1735: 1715: 1699: 1579: 1372: 1123: 1109: 1059: 1055: 946: 900: 891: 862:. Archaeological evidence indicates that their dispersal took place in the 799: 735: 731: 463: 413: 6799: 8854: 8519: 7893:"Four Firms to Invest Rp1.5 Trln in Sei Mangkei Industrial Area, Sumatra" 6170: 5830: 5762: 5401: 4856: 4778: 4774: 4446: 4150: 4070: 3359: 2712: 2548: 1822: 1621:), which had been formed in 1938 by westernized Malay elites to reassert 1538: 1497: 1337: 1211: 1156: 1100:. States that he mentioned included Sriwijaya, Malayur, Kendara, and the 1085: 965: 953: 934: 896: 843: 770: 437: 1119: 8699: 7965: 7260: 7030:(Doctor of Philosophy thesis). The University of Sydney. pp. 15–23 6928: 6926: 6570: 6547: 6258: 6238: 6106: 6102: 6036: 6021: 5810: 5802: 5754: 5631: 5327: 5277: 5203:, one of the largest Buddhist temples in Indonesia, located in Percut, 4750: 4723: 3872: 3670: 3468: 3279: 2959: 2879: 1686: 1398: 1206: 1018: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 305: 7695:. Institute of Southeast Asian Studies dan BPS – Statistics Indonesia. 4597: 8778: 8689: 8674: 8290: 7381: 7093:"Some Preliminary Observations on West Sumatra during the Revolution" 6574: 6415: 6407: 6310: 6196: 6128: 5884: 5818: 5747: 5712: 5708: 5704: 5665: 5607: 5385: 5343: 4986: 4944: 4868: 4675: 4671: 3950: 3750: 3440:, a historical palace in Medan. It was used as the residence for the 3418: 3417:

off Sibolga) and 5 in Sibolga City, plus 7 islands in the landlocked

1880:

The administrative centre of North Sumatra is located in the city of

1723: 1460:

government recognizing Dutch authority over it and the sultanates of

1449: 1376: 1216: 1194: 1113: 1097: 804: 711: 527: 212: 8281: 7667:"Global Enterprise Latest News & Headlines - THE BUSINESS TIMES" 7252: 7053:. Vol. 2. Kominklijk Instituut voor de Troopen. pp. 45–55. 6923: 5550:. Usually the basic color of this craft is Dark Red or Yellow Gold. 1932: 1594:. Across 25 "native states", many sultanates were overthrown. Armed 1260: 993: 35: 8765: 8602: 8191: 8182: 8120: 7845:"Harvest quotas, free markets and the sustainable trade in pythons" 6411: 6403: 6351: 6017: 5834: 5814: 5806: 5774: 5743: 5676: 5451: 5256: 5140: 5129: 5109: 5071: 5061: 5051: 3319: 3039: 2707: 1175: 1131: 743: 544: 475: 469: 7706:

Indonesian Ministry of Education Culture Research and Technology.

5940: 1444:

Simalungun headchiefs of East Sumatra residency, Dutch-East Indies

1325:

Princes from the Sultanate of Deli, Langkat and Serdang in Sumatra

8679: 8612: 8584: 8563: 8488: 7654: 7428: 6487: 6468: 6225: 6183: 6142: 6132: 6087: 6040: 5739: 5595: 5534: 5526: 5347: 5133: 5079: 4901: 4872: 4828: 4705: 3990: 3199: 3159: 3136: 2724: 2213: 1857: 1727: 1695: 1546: 1534: 1415: 1230: 1171: 1089: 715: 516: 6827:. Jakarta: Departemen Pendidikan Dan Kebudayaan : Jakarta. 5482:. This magical dance is usually performed with great solemnity. 4993:(various regions in the east of the province, especially around 3433: 1741: 1706:, with an area of 72,460.74 km. It borders the province of 769:

groups, indigenous to the west coast and central highlands; the

8664: 8463: 8129: 7178:

An Indonesian Frontier: Acehnese and Other Histories of Sumatra

6543: 6136: 5782: 5766: 5657: 5355: 5351: 5260: 5186: 5144: 5119: 5075: 4981:, languages spoken in the province include various dialects of 4860: 4852: 3630: 3607: 3590: 2999: 1953: 1790: 1542: 1426: 1341: 1167: 961: 938: 930: 532: 8041: 6754:"Menjelajah Situs Megalitik di Nias yang Berusia Ribuan Tahun" 4636: : throughout North Sumatra, forming the majority in the 1845:

In North Sumatra, there are currently two national parks: the

1484:

the area. The Dutch invasion into Batakland met resistance by

8607: 8473: 8300: 8133: 7584: 7582: 7580: 7578: 7576: 6491: 6179: 6146: 6122: 5945: 5786: 5770: 5723: 5719: 5643: 5518: 5505: 5362:

musical instruments which are commonly used to accompany the

5273: 5097: 5031: 4994: 3710: 3687: 3425:), 5 in Samosir Regency and 1 in Humbang Hasundutan Regency. 2919: 1942: 1881: 1694:

The province of North Sumatra stretches across the island of

1226: 1202: 1183: 1179: 1084:, a trading port on the western coast of Tapanuli, attracted 1081: 883:

In the second wave of migration from mainland Southeast Asia

766: 723: 624: 587: 457: 279: 7566: 7564: 7562: 7560: 7558: 6635: 6633: 6631: 6629: 6627: 6625: 6078:

North Sumatra has lots of travel destinations. According to

5649: 2262: 2234: 2208: 2045: 2013: 1999: 1961: 1808:, as seen from the village of Kandibata, Karo Regency, 2017. 1617:

The Dutch authorities, working with the East Sumatra Union (

814:

During Dutch rule, North Sumatra was administered under the

8745: 8656: 8622: 8592: 8238: 8109: 8096: 7622: 6675:"Produk Domestik Regional Bruto (Milyar Rupiah), 2020–2022" 6565:

is regional railway from Aceh to North Sumatra operated by

6539: 6224:

is a resort including a beach, located on west offshore of

6091: 6044: 5970:

There are three leading mining companies in North Sumatra:

5731: 5716: 5672: 5634:— unlike neighboring Muslim-majority ethnic groups such as 5530: 5510: 5281: 5253: 5223: 5010: 4964: 2349: 1731: 1711: 1707: 1508:. This first big wave of migration established substantial 969: 942: 774: 758: 750: 727: 719: 7573: 7194: 6852:(revised ed.). Honolulu: University of Hawai'i Press. 6723: 6687: 5997:) stands for KIM is the main industrial complex in Medan. 5485:

Besides Batak dances, there are also Malay dances such as

1938: 1344:

and Batangiou kingdoms. To the west, in the hinterland of

7555: 6622: 6390:

Exterior of Kualanamu International Airport, Deli Serdang

6285:, an ancient Buddhist monastery located in Padang Bolak, 5675:

as well as dishes made from unusual ingredients, such as

5389:

traditional group symbolizes "buffalo standing upright" (

3455:, Batak Karo traditional house, located in Karo Highlands 1805: 1673:

Law of the Republic of Indonesia (R.I.) No. 10, Year 1948

678: 618: 581: 6526:

There are 28 km toll road (expressway) in named as

6178:

and Sorake. Tourists can visit the island by plane from

1425:

After Britain gained a position on the nearby island of

6992:"Kerajaan Aru (Haru), Penguasa Maritim yang Terlupakan" 6055:

sector had reached $ 4.24 billion, up 57.7% from 2003.

5642:— Christian Batak people are not restricted to Islamic 5521:

which is popular exported as garment from North Sumatra

3444:

for a long time and is still in active use to this day.

1250: 6943:. Newcastle upon Tyne: Cambridge Scholars Publishing. 925:

Linguistic and archaeological evidence indicates that

7512: 6970:(in Indonesian). PT LKiS Pelangi Aksara. p. 15. 6904: 6776:"Quaternary Palaeontology and Archaeology of Sumatra" 6695:(in Indonesian). Jakarta: Badan Pembangunan Nasional. 6669: 5480:

Nasiraan Tortor Dance, Tunggal Panaluan Tor Tor Dance

2376:, were split off from the remainder of Nias Regency. 8076: 7432:; Ben T. Chorn; Thomas C. Johnson (April 29, 2013). 7150: 6592: 4763: : mostly in the east coast rurals, especially 4273:

It was reported in January 2024 that a group of 140

1560: 198:

Work diligently, live prosperously, noble in culture

6998:(in Indonesian). September 25, 2010. Archived from 6726:"The Indonesian Population Census 2020: Highlights" 6135:(Simalungun regency), Tongging (Karo regency), and 4837: : Medan, Binjai up to northern parts such as 4807:Regencies, and in urban communities like Medan and 1918:, which in turn are further sub-divided into 6,110 60:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 7628:Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 28 February 2024, 6932: 6724:BPS – Statistics Indonesia (February 9–12, 2021). 5726:is also a Batak cuisine hotspot where numerous of 5424:village consists of several buildings, namely the 5126:: predominantly embraced by Chinese in urban areas 2352:and various small offshore islands, including the 1141:, North Sumatra. The temple site is linked to the 7117:(4th ed.). Palgrave MacMillan. p. 322. 6502:, for about Rp1 trillion ($ 114 million) budget. 4785:), with a small population around the west coast. 2759:from another part of North Tapanuli Regency. The 1182:. Aru's capital was located close to present-day 8956: 8015:"Roda Empat Disediakan Menuju Bandara Kualanamu" 7213: 7131: 6677:(in Indonesian). Jakarta: Badan Pusat Statistik. 6303:Rahmat International Wildlife Museum and Gallery 5400:The traditional house of the Batak Toba ethnic, 1901: 1601: 1595: 1239: 1229:and the Aru kingdom. The Batak mainly practiced 1178:. Starting in 13th century, some also practiced 189:Tekun berkarya, hidup sejahtera, mulia berbudaya 144: 7710:[Languages of North Sumatra Province]. 7438:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 7051:Bulletin of the Colonial Institute of Amsterdam 4208: 2356:to the south. Originally it comprised a single 2348:This region contains the substantial island of 1092:, which was popular in Ancient Egypt. In 1030, 734:on the southeast, by coastlines located on the 7020: 6963: 6494:and is now preparing to have a new seaport at 6486:North Sumatra has an international seaport at 6402:. It serves flights to several Indonesian and 6000: 4521:North Sumatra is a multi-ethnic province. The 4419:Ethnic groups in North Sumatra (census 2010). 1896:North Sumatra is currently subdivided into 25 789:peoples, who first migrated to Sumatra during 714:located in the northern part of the island of 8535: 8267: 8062: 7205:sfn error: no target: CITEREFLangenberg1982 ( 7070:. Leiden University Press. pp. 427–428. 6707:"Law No. 8 of 2023 on North Sumatra Province" 6585:. It connects the city to Kualanamu Airport. 5913:Birdview of Palm Oil Estate of Asahan Regency 5630:is to their lives. Batak people are majority 2783:, both from parts of South Tapanuli Regency. 1170:. The indigenous population practiced native 1163:. The kingdom was initially established as a 338:72,460.74 km (27,977.25 sq mi) 7783: 6957: 6850:Prehistory of the Indo-Malaysian Archipelago 6769: 6767: 7321: 7303:"Sejarah Pemerintah Provinsi Sumatra Utara" 7115:A History of Modern Indonesia Since c. 1200 6717: 6681: 5687:people, they have their own dishes such as 5472:morah-morah, parakut, sipaj ok, patam-patam 5112:: mainly embraced by Chinese in urban areas 1891: 1289:. Unsourced material may be challenged and 875: 870:, and to the west to North Sumatra and the 8549: 8542: 8528: 8274: 8260: 8069: 8055: 7756: 7368:(5688). Nature Publishing Group: 574–577. 7200: 6663: 6641:"Provinsi Sumatera Utara Dalam Angka 2024" 6559:Regional Division I North Sumatra and Aceh 5904: 5711:in Tanah Karo area. Some towns around the 4233:Sibolga, Padangsidempuan and Gunungsitoli. 3494:- both from parts of Labuhanbatu Regency. 1215:, which refers to a 'Ba-ta' dependency of 8511:List of regencies and cities of Indonesia 7860: 7822:"Provinsi Sumatra Utara Dalam Angka 2023" 7684: 7538: 7467: 7457: 6915:sfn error: no target: CITEREFMiksic1996 ( 6798: 6764: 6577:, Riau province. Medan also has it first 5937:district, also located in North Sumatra. 5848:North Sumatra GDP share by sector (2022) 5487:Serampang XII, Gundala-Gundala and Landek 4931:Malay-Deli bride in Maimoon Palace, Medan 4871:, Rantauprapat, Pematangsiantar, Balige, 4601:Distribution of the Batak people and the 4246:List of populated places in North Sumatra 2767:from part of North Tapanuli Regency, and 2755:from part of South Tapanuli Regency, and 2364:. On 29 October 2008 two new regencies - 1876:North Sumatra governor main office, Medan 1309:Learn how and when to remove this message 1058:, presumably used for trading during the 1034:Learn how and when to remove this message 949:probably descended from these settlers. 120:Learn how and when to remove this message 7726: 7630:Provinsi Sumatera Utara Dalam Angka 2024 7604:"Metode Baru Indeks Pembangunan Manusia" 7161:sfn error: no target: CITEREFKahin1970 ( 7109: 6847: 6509: 6385: 6316: 6264: 6112: 6101: 6035: 5939: 5908: 5671:Many of the Batak popular meals contain 5648: 5574: 5504: 5450: 5330:during a local ceremony in North Sumatra 5318: 5312:), there are musical instruments called 4596: 3458: 3447: 3432: 3421:comprising 1 in North Tapanuli Regency ( 2706: 2694: 2326: 1871: 1836: 1799: 1740: 1690:Lake Toba, world's largest volcanic lake 1685: 1590:Beginning on 3 March 1946, there was a 1574: 1439: 1397: 1320: 1118: 1045: 952:New genetic research has found that the 909: 834: 7765:"Andaliman, Batas Bumbu Batak dan Aceh" 7762: 7142:sfn error: no target: CITEREFSaid1973 ( 7048: 6532:Medan–Kualanamu–Tebing Tinggi Toll Road 6289:, around 3 hours journey with car from 6094:and other several islands nearby named 6020:derivatives of cosmetic raw materials, 5517:village, Ulos is Bataknese traditional 1652:Dutch-Indonesian Round Table Conference 14: 8957: 7937: 7842: 7789: 7598: 7596: 7594: 7234:"The Birth of the Republic in Sumatra" 6910: 6856: 6820: 6309:in Medan. The museum displays various 6031: 5458:couple doing traditional dance called 5354:. Meanwhile, in Tanah Karo, there are 4295: 3428: 2322: 1456:subsequently signed a treaty with the 842:, big stones used as memorials by the 8523: 8255: 8050: 7588:Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2021. 7402: 7281:. Singapore: NUS Press. p. 262. 7156: 7090: 7021:Van Langenberg, Michael John (1976). 6773: 6693:"Capaian Indikator Utama Pembangunan" 6425:Other airports in North Sumatra are: 5715:offer freshwater fish dishes such as 5218:St Fransiskus Asisi Catholic church, 4919:festival in Gunungsitoli, Nias Island 4817: : mostly in Medan, Sibolga and 4684:: majority along the western coast: ( 1375:across the eastern coast, and in the 983: 8084: 7843:Nijman, Vincent (November 5, 2022). 7570:Biro Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2011. 7273: 7231: 7219: 7175: 7137: 5618:. In the Batak land itself there is 5284:peoples, and other cultures such as 4875:, Padangsidempuan, and Gunungsitoli. 4549:is predominantly inhabited by other 4238:North Sumatra III Electoral District 2711:Old Batak Toba Village, or known as 2680:(b) South Nias Regency includes the 1287:adding citations to reliable sources 1254: 1251:Kingdom, sultanate, and colonial era 1212:Description of the Barbarous Peoples 1016:adding citations to reliable sources 987: 765:, native to the east coast; several 58:adding citations to reliable sources 29: 7862:10.3897/natureconservation.48.80988 7798:. The Jakarta Globe. Archived from 7693:Demography of Indonesia's Ethnicity 7591: 6878: 5742:and neighbouring countries like in 4541:groups). The central region around 4230:North Sumatra II Electoral District 294:North Sumatra Provincial Government 24: 7708:"Bahasa di Provinsi Sumatra Utara" 7403:Vogel, Gretchen (March 12, 2018). 7329:"Mount Sinabung in Sumatra erupts" 6791:The Australian National University 6086:which has an island inside of it, 5722:. The Northern Sumatra capital of 5240:, the oldest Hindu temple in Medan 4290: 4223:North Sumatra I Electoral District 2771:from part of Dairi Regency. A new 2690: 1856:However, the figure above is only 1629:ethnic interests, established the 1371:. The Sultanate of Aceh worked to 1205:people. It was first mentioned in 830: 761:. Major ethnic groups include the 722:. Its capital and largest city is 25: 9026: 8680:Special Capital Region of Jakarta 8035: 8028:North Sumatra to have new seaport 7792:"Batak Karo, Extremes In Cuisine" 7744:from the original on July 9, 2023 6937:; Neidel, J. David, eds. (2009). 6888:. Oxford Journals. Archived from 6611:List of people from North Sumatra 6376: 6007:Sei Mangkei Special Economic Zone 5252:Shree Guru Gobind Singh Sahib Ji 5024:Religion in North Sumatra (2022) 1592:social revolution in East Sumatra 1561:Independence and contemporary era 8646: 8445: 8231: 8218: 8201: 8181: 8168: 8160: 8143: 8119: 8102: 8089: 8077:Places adjacent to North Sumatra 7978:"Tempat wisata di Sumatra Utara" 6864:"Asal-Usul Orang Nias Ditemukan" 6789:(2024.01). Canberra: ANU Press, 6595: 6461:in Ajibata, Toba Samosir Regency 6350:name for Love Cross, located in 5602:, and in the Pakpak Dairi area, 5245: 5230: 5211: 5193: 5175: 5153: 4952: 4943:The Indian community celebrated 4936: 4924: 4909: 4893: 4881: 4831:, Tanjungbalai and Deli Serdang. 4594:and other ethnic groups (1.15%) 4411: 2703:in Panyabungan, Mandailing Natal 2261: 2233: 2207: 2044: 2012: 1998: 1960: 1937: 1931: 1543:Japan's surrender in the Pacific 1259: 992: 777:and its surrounding islets; and 658: 657: 643: 642: 205: 171: 34: 8021: 8007: 7996: 7970: 7959: 7911: 7885: 7836: 7814: 7734:"Jumlah Penduduk Menurut Agama" 7699: 7659: 7648: 7635: 7506: 7484: 7422: 7396: 7353: 7295: 7267: 7225: 7169: 7103: 7084: 7057: 7042: 7014: 6984: 6465:Ferdinand Lumban Tobing Airport 6396:Kualanamu International Airport 5866: Other industrial (15.38%) 5440:(customary consultation hall). 5373: 5167:, it was a royal mosque of the 4250: 4215:People's Representative Council 1003:needs additional citations for 945:about 2,500 years ago, and the 850:in a thousand-year-old practice 809:erupted 74,000–75,000 years ago 45:needs additional citations for 7790:Roslin, Tash (June 30, 2009). 7492:"When humans faced extinction" 6841: 6821:Bangun, Drs. P P, ed. (1978). 6746: 6699: 6406:cities, along with flights to 6269:Elephant conservation area at 5478:. Magical dances, such as the 5436:(house of Namora Natoras) and 5185:or Batak Protestant church in 4847: : major cities such as; 4132:Kabupaten Labuhan Batu Selatan 1612:Indonesian National Revolution 1555:Indonesian War of Independence 1418:and shifted resources towards 1149: 11th to 13th century CE 929:speakers reached Sumatra from 13: 1: 8202: 8144: 7738:Ministry of Religious Affairs 6616: 6514:Tanjung Morawa toll gate, in 6400:Polonia International Airport 6117:Surfing in Tello Island, Nias 5691:or mashed-cassava leaf soup, 5525:In addition to architecture, 5500: 5139:Traditional religion such as 4255: 1867: 1330: 1145: 1078: 11th–14th centuries CE 1074: 884: 796:North Sumatra is home to the 742:(with a maritime border with 211:Location of North Sumatra in 8685:Special Region of Yogyakarta 8169: 8161: 7540:10.1016/j.jhevol.2017.11.005 6866:. Kompas.Com. April 16, 2013 6824:Sejarah Daerah Sumatra Utara 6550:to accelerate city traffic. 5860: Manufacturing (20.02%) 4972: 4268: 4209:National Electoral Districts 4052:Kabupaten Labuhan Batu Utara 3261:Kabupaten Padang Lawas Utara 3061:Kabupaten Humbang Hasundutan 2727:, and equates to the former 1726:, which was formed from the 1681: 1608:Communist Party of Indonesia 450: • Religion (2021) 356:2,460 m (8,070 ft) 7: 8881:Special Region of Surakarta 6588: 6583:Kualanamu Airport Rail Link 6518:, part of Belmera toll road 6481: 6381: 6165:Gunung Leuser National Park 6001:Sei Mangkei Industrial Area 5984: 5564: 5489:dance from Karo Highlands, 5238:Sri Mariamman Temple, Medan 5016: 4191: 4186: 4181: 4176: 4146: 4143: 4140: 4137: 4106: 4103: 4100: 4097: 4066: 4063: 4060: 4057: 4026: 4023: 4020: 4017: 3986: 3983: 3980: 3977: 3946: 3943: 3940: 3937: 3908: 3905: 3902: 3899: 3868: 3865: 3862: 3859: 3826: 3823: 3820: 3817: 3786: 3783: 3780: 3777: 3746: 3743: 3740: 3737: 3706: 3703: 3700: 3697: 3666: 3663: 3660: 3657: 3626: 3623: 3620: 3617: 3586: 3583: 3580: 3577: 3400: 3395: 3390: 3385: 3355: 3352: 3349: 3346: 3315: 3312: 3309: 3306: 3275: 3272: 3269: 3266: 3235: 3232: 3229: 3226: 3195: 3192: 3189: 3186: 3155: 3152: 3149: 3146: 3115: 3112: 3109: 3106: 3075: 3072: 3069: 3066: 3035: 3032: 3029: 3026: 2995: 2992: 2989: 2986: 2955: 2952: 2949: 2946: 2915: 2912: 2909: 2906: 2875: 2872: 2869: 2866: 2665: 2660: 2655: 2650: 2622: 2619: 2616: 2613: 2584: 2581: 2578: 2575: 2544: 2541: 2538: 2535: 2506: 2503: 2500: 2497: 2468: 2465: 2462: 2459: 1847:Gunung Leuser National Park 1533:, but the last major town, 1433:, which was renewed in the 822:Province of North Sumatra. 10: 9031: 7763:ROW/WSI (April 20, 2013). 7712:petabahasa.kemdikbud.go.id 7519:Journal of Human Evolution 6689:Badan Pembangunan Nasional 6275:Mount Leuser National Park 6073: 6004: 5977:Newmont Horas Nauli (PTNN) 5952: 5854: Agriculture (20.92%) 5840: 5579:Bataknese cuisine such as 5568: 5538:there is a weave known as 5509:Local craftswomen weaving 5377: 5267: 4700:), and the rest in Medan, 4243: 4128:South Labuhan Batu Regency 4048:North Labuhan Batu Regency 3341:Kabupaten Mandailing Natal 3257:North Padang Lawas Regency 3181:Kabupaten Tapanuli Selatan 3057:Humbang Hasundutan Regency 1851:Batang Gadis National Park 1841:Mount Leuser National Park 1643:United States of Indonesia 1639:Negara Sumatra Timur (NST) 1564: 1553:, beginning the four-year 825: 8904: 8873: 8830: 8807: 8764: 8736: 8698: 8655: 8644: 8583: 8557: 8507: 8454: 8443: 8307: 8297: 8082: 7945:"Introducing Bawomataluo" 6573:in Aceh province also to 6471:, Centra Tapanuli Regency 6467:or Pinangsori Airport in 5965: 5878: 5612:Zanthoxylum acanthopodium 5446: 4888:Moyo dance in Nias Island 4569:people are indigenous to 4400: 4308:— 3854:Kabupaten Serdang Bedagai 3101:Kabupaten Tapanuli Tengah 2338:lived, and is located in 1930: 1641:) as part of the planned 1340:kingdoms and the smaller 1197:called Batakland (or the 1088:era traders in search of 1062:, 12th to 13th century CE 803:, located in what is now 673: 651: 638: 601: 564: 553: 543: 526: 487: 449: 402: 397: 389: 381: 373: 365: 360: 352: 342: 334: 329: 316: 298: 290: 285: 271: 263: 228: 219: 204: 185: 167: 163:Province of North Sumatra 162: 153: 139: 8042:North Sumatra Government 7671:www.businesstimes.com.sg 7632:(Katalog-BPS 1102001.12) 6848:Bellwood, Peter (1997). 6455:, South Tapanuli Regency 5299: 3337:Mandailing Natal Regency 3097:Central Tapanuli Regency 3021:Kabupaten Tapanuli Utara 2761:city of Padang Sidempuan 1892:Administrative divisions 1804:Mount Sinabung emitting 1761:islands in North Sumatra 1412:Dutch East India Company 817:Gouvernement van Sumatra 738:to the west, and by the 8598:Bangka Belitung Islands 7796:www.thejakartaglobe.com 7610:. Badan Pusat Statistik 7459:10.1073/pnas.1301474110 6964:Slamet Muljana (2005). 6651:(12). February 28, 2024 6553: 6505: 6356:Ludwig Ingwer Nommensen 6328:village, Karo Highlands 6139:(Toba Samosir regency). 5905:Agriculture and farming 4963:masked dancer, part of 4904:dance in Samosir Island 4849:Medan metropolitan area 3850:Serdang Bedagai Regency 2901:Kabupaten Pakpak Bharat 1924:Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat 1828:Toba catastrophe theory 1619:Persatuan Sumatra Timur 1586:, between 1945 and 1950 1567:East Sumatra revolution 1551:Indonesian Independence 1478:Ludwig Ingwer Nommensen 390: • Rank 385:210/km (550/sq mi) 8970:Provinces of Indonesia 8551:Provinces of Indonesia 7966:Bukitlawang: Tangkahan 7824:. Statistics Indonesia 7232:Reid, Anthony (1971). 7180:. Brill. p. 328. 7176:Reid, Anthony (2005). 7091:Kahin, Audrey (1974). 6536:Medan–Binjai Toll Road 6519: 6391: 6329: 6307:natural history museum 6278: 6155:known for the largest 6118: 6110: 6048: 5995:Kawasan Industri Medan 5994: 5949: 5926:major export product. 5914: 5872: Service (43.68%) 5668: 5591: 5554:Batubara Malay Songket 5522: 5462: 5394: 5331: 5309: 4658: : mostly in the 4626: 4092:Kabupaten Labuhan Batu 3652:Kabupaten Deli Serdang 3471: 3456: 3445: 3301:Kabupaten Padang Lawas 3177:South Tapanuli Regency 3017:North Tapanuli Regency 2720: 2704: 2530:Kabupaten Nias Selatan 2342: 1902: 1877: 1842: 1809: 1746: 1691: 1638: 1602: 1596: 1587: 1445: 1407: 1326: 1240: 1152: 1070:or Chinatown sites in 1063: 922: 876: 851: 704:North Sumatra Province 699: 537:Indonesia Western Time 488: • Languages 353:Highest elevation 145: 6800:10.22459/TA56.2024.01 6671:Badan Pusat Statistik 6581:in Indonesia, called 6513: 6389: 6320: 6297:Sigura-Gura Waterfall 6268: 6116: 6105: 6039: 6026:Fratelli Gianazza SpA 5943: 5912: 5689:Sayur daun ubi tumbuk 5652: 5589:Sayur Daun ubi tumbuk 5578: 5508: 5454: 5322: 5124:Chinese folk religion 4985:(particularly around 4670:Regencies, including 4600: 4403:Badan Pusat Statistik 4282:Historical population 3476:State of East Sumatra 3462: 3451: 3436: 3221:Kota Padang Sidempuan 3217:Padang Sidempuan City 2897:Pakpak Bharat Regency 2747:. A fourth regency - 2710: 2698: 2330: 1875: 1840: 1832:population bottleneck 1803: 1744: 1710:to the northwest and 1689: 1631:State of East Sumatra 1606:militants (including 1578: 1571:State of East Sumatra 1443: 1435:1824 Treaty of London 1431:1814 Treaty of London 1401: 1324: 1201:) housed kingdoms of 1122: 1049: 913: 838: 574:955.2 trillion ( 27:Province of Indonesia 8738:Lesser Sunda Islands 8283:Regencies and cities 7899:on December 18, 2014 7802:on November 10, 2013 6567:Kereta Api Indonesia 6477:, in Siborong-Borong 6287:Padang Lawas Regency 6216:Kolam Abadi Pelaruga 6210:Lumbini Natural Park 6014:Procter & Gamble 5395:Kerbau berdiri tegak 5201:Maha Vihara Maitreya 5169:Sultanate of Langkat 4757:, and South Tapanuli 4745: : majority in 4732: : majority in 4718: : majority in 4515: Others (1.25%) 4088:Labuhan Batu Regency 3812:Kota Pematangsiantar 3808:Pematangsiantar City 3772:Kabupaten Simalungun 3648:Deli Serdang Regency 3297:Padang Lawas Regency 2608:Kabupaten Nias Barat 2570:Kabupaten Nias Utara 2374:city of Gunungsitoli 2372:- together with the 1523:East Coast Residency 1486:Sisingamangaraja XII 1410:Malacca fell to the 1404:Sisingamangaraja XII 1283:improve this section 1012:improve this article 958:Austronesian peoples 590:200.7 billion ( 382: • Density 54:improve this article 8995:Barumun Bilah basin 8570:) • 8188:Peninsular Malaysia 8126:Peninsular Malaysia 8003:Tanjungbalai (city) 7984:on February 2, 2017 7849:Nature Conservation 7740:. August 31, 2022. 7643:UU No. 7 Tahun 2017 7531:2018JHumE.116...75Y 7494:. BBC. June 9, 2003 7450:2013PNAS..110.8025L 7374:1978Natur.276..574N 7309:on November 4, 2016 7002:on October 11, 2018 6273:Ecotourism Area in 6190:Bawomataluo village 6182:, or by ferry from 6167:from the east side. 6109:waterfall, Tongging 6080:Ministry of Tourism 6032:Exports and imports 5980:Dairi Prima Mineral 5944:Skyline of capital 5889:Indonesia Aluminium 4283: 3467:in Pamatang Purba, 3429:East Sumatra Region 2729:Tapanoeli Residency 2323:Nias Islands Region 1906:) and 8 autonomous 1557:against the Dutch. 1545:and two days later 1395:, Maropat, Lingga. 1104:. Furthermore, the 956:also came from the 848:Bawomataluo village 611:68.3 million ( 244: / 8985:Batang Gadis basin 8832:Western New Guinea 8794:Southeast Sulawesi 8756:East Nusa Tenggara 8751:West Nusa Tenggara 8708:Central Kalimantan 8576:under construction 8397:North Padang Lawas 8357:North Labuhan Batu 8352:South Labuhan Batu 8337:Humbang Hasundutan 7430:Lane, Christine S. 7341:on August 31, 2010 6520: 6449:Aek Godang Airport 6392: 6330: 6322:Pariban Hotsprings 6279: 6161:Sumatran orangutan 6119: 6111: 6049: 6043:Port, the largest 5950: 5915: 5669: 5600:Babi panggang karo 5592: 5585:Babi panggang Karo 5523: 5463: 5380:Batak architecture 5346:, the Malay drum ( 5332: 5086:and others (0.04%) 4967:, in North Sumatra 4815:Minangkabau people 4777: : mostly in 4755:North Padang Lawas 4646:Humbang Hasundutan 4627: 4281: 3932:Kabupaten Batubara 3894:Kota Tebing Tinggi 3890:Tebing Tinggi City 3768:Simalungun Regency 3472: 3457: 3446: 2781:North Padang Lawas 2765:Humbang Hasundutan 2721: 2705: 2566:North Nias Regency 2526:South Nias Regency 2362:South Nias Regency 2343: 1878: 1843: 1810: 1747: 1692: 1588: 1446: 1408: 1327: 1153: 1064: 984:Early historic era 923: 852: 846:, being hauled in 602: - Per capita 366: • Total 335: • Total 8990:Batang Toru basin 8980:Asahan Toba basin 8952: 8951: 8913:Current governors 8517: 8516: 8249: 8248: 8244: 8243: 7925:on April 23, 2012 7736:(in Indonesian). 7655:Account Suspended 7444:(20): 8025–8029. 7288:978-9971-69-637-5 7187:978-90-04-48655-3 7124:978-0-230-54686-8 6950:978-1-4438-0497-4 6933:Bonatz, Dominik; 6834:978-1-4438-0497-4 6579:airport rail link 6528:Belmera Toll Road 6338:Sumatran elephant 6326:Lau Sidebuk-debuk 6203:Dolok Tinggi Raja 6047:in Sumatra Island 5896:Asahan hydropower 5620:dengke nani arsik 5497:dance from Nias. 4947:festival in Medan 4863:, Tebing Tinggi, 4855:, Deli Serdang), 4590:people presents. 4575:Chinese, Javanese 4409: 4408: 4202: 4201: 4012:Kota Tanjungbalai 4008:Tanjungbalai City 3572:Kabupaten Langkat 3492:South Labuhanbatu 3488:North Labuhanbatu 3411: 3410: 2941:Kabupaten Samosir 2676: 2675: 2604:West Nias Regency 2454:Kota Gunungsutoli 2450:Gunungsitoli City 2313: 2302: 2291: 2280: 2271: 2257: 2246: 2229: 2218: 2203: 2192: 2181: 2170: 2161: 2152: 2141: 2128: 2117: 2106: 2095: 2086: 2077: 2066: 2057: 2040: 2031: 2022: 2008: 1994: 1983: 1972: 1958: 1949: 1704:Strait of Malacca 1525:was established. 1490:Deli Maatschappij 1458:Dutch East Indies 1393:Langkat Sultanate 1319: 1318: 1311: 1050:Coins founded in 1044: 1043: 1036: 740:Strait of Malacca 689: 688: 584:64.3 billion 393:11th in Indonesia 374: • Rank 343: • Rank 291: • Body 199: 130: 129: 122: 104: 16:(Redirected from 9022: 8874:Former provinces 8774:Central Sulawesi 8723:South Kalimantan 8718:North Kalimantan 8650: 8544: 8537: 8530: 8521: 8520: 8479:Padang Sidempuan 8449: 8427:Central Tapanuli 8367:Mandailing Natal 8276: 8269: 8262: 8253: 8252: 8237: 8235: 8234: 8224: 8222: 8221: 8205: 8204: 8186: 8185: 8172: 8171: 8164: 8163: 8147: 8146: 8124: 8123: 8108: 8106: 8105: 8095: 8093: 8092: 8085: 8071: 8064: 8057: 8048: 8047: 8030: 8025: 8019: 8018: 8017:. July 23, 2013. 8011: 8005: 8000: 7994: 7993: 7991: 7989: 7980:. Archived from 7974: 7968: 7963: 7957: 7956: 7954: 7952: 7941: 7935: 7934: 7932: 7930: 7921:. Archived from 7915: 7909: 7908: 7906: 7904: 7895:. Archived from 7889: 7883: 7882: 7864: 7840: 7834: 7833: 7831: 7829: 7818: 7812: 7811: 7809: 7807: 7787: 7781: 7780: 7778: 7776: 7760: 7754: 7753: 7751: 7749: 7730: 7724: 7723: 7721: 7719: 7703: 7697: 7696: 7688: 7682: 7681: 7679: 7677: 7663: 7657: 7652: 7646: 7641:Law No. 7/2017 ( 7639: 7633: 7626: 7620: 7619: 7617: 7615: 7600: 7589: 7586: 7571: 7568: 7553: 7552: 7542: 7510: 7504: 7503: 7501: 7499: 7488: 7482: 7481: 7471: 7461: 7426: 7420: 7419: 7417: 7415: 7400: 7394: 7393: 7382:10.1038/276574a0 7357: 7351: 7350: 7348: 7346: 7337:. Archived from 7334:The Jakarta Post 7325: 7319: 7318: 7316: 7314: 7305:. Archived from 7299: 7293: 7292: 7271: 7265: 7264: 7238: 7229: 7223: 7217: 7211: 7210: 7203:, pp. 1–30. 7198: 7192: 7191: 7173: 7167: 7166: 7154: 7148: 7147: 7135: 7129: 7128: 7107: 7101: 7100: 7088: 7082: 7081: 7061: 7055: 7054: 7046: 7040: 7039: 7037: 7035: 7029: 7018: 7012: 7011: 7009: 7007: 6988: 6982: 6981: 6961: 6955: 6954: 6930: 6921: 6920: 6908: 6902: 6901: 6899: 6897: 6882: 6876: 6875: 6873: 6871: 6860: 6854: 6853: 6845: 6839: 6838: 6818: 6812: 6811: 6809: 6807: 6802: 6780: 6771: 6762: 6761: 6750: 6744: 6743: 6741: 6739: 6730: 6721: 6715: 6714: 6713:(in Indonesian). 6703: 6697: 6696: 6685: 6679: 6678: 6667: 6661: 6660: 6658: 6656: 6637: 6605: 6603:Indonesia portal 6600: 6599: 6598: 6500:Batubara Regency 6475:Silangit Airport 6453:Padang Sidempuan 6430:Lasondre Airport 6291:Padang Sidempuan 6157:animal sanctuary 6053:foreign exchange 5871: 5865: 5859: 5853: 5829:peoples brought 5624:Pasiyak Natonggi 5384:In the field of 5340:Gordang Sambilan 5249: 5234: 5215: 5197: 5179: 5157: 5069: 5059: 5049: 5039: 5029: 4956: 4940: 4928: 4913: 4897: 4885: 4819:Mandailing Natal 4730:Batak Simalungun 4698:Central Tapanuli 4694:Mandailing Natal 4682:Batak Mandailing 4545:to the northern 4514: 4504: 4494: 4484: 4474: 4464: 4454: 4444: 4434: 4424: 4405:2023 and earlier 4297: 4292: 4284: 4280: 4158: 4118: 4078: 4038: 3998: 3972:Kabupaten Asahan 3958: 3928:Batubara Regency 3918: 3880: 3840: 3798: 3758: 3718: 3678: 3638: 3598: 3497: 3496: 3367: 3327: 3287: 3247: 3240:Padang Sidempuan 3207: 3167: 3127: 3087: 3047: 3007: 2967: 2927: 2887: 2794:English name of 2786: 2785: 2753:Mandailing Natal 2737:Central Tapanuli 2632: 2594: 2556: 2516: 2478: 2379: 2378: 2312: 2307: 2301: 2296: 2290: 2285: 2279: 2276: 2270: 2267: 2265: 2256: 2251: 2245: 2240: 2237: 2228: 2223: 2217: 2214: 2211: 2202: 2197: 2191: 2186: 2180: 2175: 2169: 2166: 2160: 2157: 2151: 2146: 2140: 2133: 2127: 2122: 2116: 2111: 2105: 2100: 2094: 2091: 2085: 2082: 2076: 2071: 2065: 2062: 2056: 2051: 2048: 2039: 2036: 2030: 2027: 2021: 2018: 2016: 2007: 2004: 2002: 1993: 1988: 1982: 1977: 1971: 1968: 1964: 1957: 1954: 1947: 1943: 1941: 1935: 1905: 1884:, governed by a 1773: 1605: 1599: 1480:, who worked to 1335: 1332: 1314: 1307: 1303: 1300: 1294: 1263: 1255: 1243: 1241:Sisingamangaraja 1209:'s 13th-century 1150: 1147: 1126:, also known as 1079: 1076: 1039: 1032: 1028: 1025: 1019: 996: 988: 978:Filipino peoples 889: 886: 879: 877:kjokkenmoddinger 746:) to the east. 718:, just south of 685: 682: 680: 669: 661: 660: 646: 645: 406: 377:4th in Indonesia 347:8th in Indonesia 276: 275:and largest city 259: 258: 256: 255: 254: 249: 248:2.000°N 99.000°E 245: 242: 241: 240: 237: 209: 191: 175: 148: 137: 136: 125: 118: 114: 111: 105: 103: 62: 38: 30: 21: 9030: 9029: 9025: 9024: 9023: 9021: 9020: 9019: 8955: 8954: 8953: 8948: 8947: 8900: 8886:Central Sumatra 8869: 8860:Southwest Papua 8826: 8803: 8760: 8732: 8728:West Kalimantan 8713:East Kalimantan 8694: 8651: 8642: 8579: 8553: 8548: 8518: 8513: 8503: 8484:Pematangsiantar 8450: 8441: 8412:Serdang Bedagai 8303: 8293: 8280: 8250: 8245: 8232: 8230: 8219: 8217: 8180: 8179: 8173: 8118: 8117: 8103: 8101: 8090: 8088: 8078: 8075: 8038: 8033: 8026: 8022: 8013: 8012: 8008: 8001: 7997: 7987: 7985: 7976: 7975: 7971: 7964: 7960: 7950: 7948: 7947:. Lonely Planet 7943: 7942: 7938: 7928: 7926: 7917: 7916: 7912: 7902: 7900: 7891: 7890: 7886: 7841: 7837: 7827: 7825: 7820: 7819: 7815: 7805: 7803: 7788: 7784: 7774: 7772: 7771:(in Indonesian) 7761: 7757: 7747: 7745: 7732: 7731: 7727: 7717: 7715: 7714:(in Indonesian) 7704: 7700: 7689: 7685: 7675: 7673: 7665: 7664: 7660: 7653: 7649: 7640: 7636: 7627: 7623: 7613: 7611: 7602: 7601: 7592: 7587: 7574: 7569: 7556: 7511: 7507: 7497: 7495: 7490: 7489: 7485: 7427: 7423: 7413: 7411: 7401: 7397: 7358: 7354: 7344: 7342: 7327: 7326: 7322: 7312: 7310: 7301: 7300: 7296: 7289: 7272: 7268: 7253:10.2307/3350656 7236: 7230: 7226: 7218: 7214: 7204: 7201:Langenberg 1982 7199: 7195: 7188: 7174: 7170: 7160: 7155: 7151: 7141: 7136: 7132: 7125: 7108: 7104: 7089: 7085: 7078: 7062: 7058: 7047: 7043: 7033: 7031: 7027: 7019: 7015: 7005: 7003: 6990: 6989: 6985: 6978: 6962: 6958: 6951: 6931: 6924: 6914: 6909: 6905: 6895: 6893: 6892:on July 4, 2013 6884: 6883: 6879: 6869: 6867: 6862: 6861: 6857: 6846: 6842: 6835: 6819: 6815: 6805: 6803: 6783:Terra Australis 6778: 6772: 6765: 6752: 6751: 6747: 6737: 6735: 6728: 6722: 6718: 6705: 6704: 6700: 6686: 6682: 6668: 6664: 6654: 6652: 6639: 6638: 6623: 6619: 6601: 6596: 6594: 6591: 6556: 6534:and 17 km 6508: 6484: 6384: 6379: 6277:, North Sumatra 6076: 6034: 6009: 6003: 5987: 5968: 5955: 5907: 5881: 5876: 5875: 5874: 5873: 5869: 5867: 5863: 5861: 5857: 5855: 5851: 5843: 5738:, even capital 5664:, an alcoholic 5573: 5567: 5503: 5449: 5382: 5376: 5302: 5270: 5263: 5250: 5241: 5235: 5226: 5216: 5207: 5198: 5189: 5180: 5171: 5158: 5090: 5089: 5088: 5087: 5067: 5065: 5057: 5055: 5047: 5045: 5037: 5035: 5027: 5019: 4983:Batak languages 4975: 4968: 4957: 4948: 4941: 4932: 4929: 4920: 4914: 4905: 4898: 4889: 4886: 4835:Acehnese people 4797:Serdang Bedagai 4738:Pematangsiantar 4702:Padangsidempuan 4519: 4518: 4517: 4516: 4512: 4510: 4502: 4500: 4492: 4490: 4482: 4480: 4472: 4470: 4462: 4460: 4452: 4450: 4442: 4440: 4432: 4430: 4422: 4414: 4271: 4258: 4253: 4248: 4211: 4156: 4116: 4076: 4036: 3996: 3956: 3916: 3878: 3838: 3832: 3796: 3756: 3716: 3676: 3636: 3596: 3568:Langkat Regency 3558: 3548: 3546: 3541: 3539: 3534: 3532: 3527: 3525: 3520: 3515: 3513: 3508: 3506: 3505:English name of 3501: 3480:Serdang Bedagai 3431: 3423:Pulau Sibandang 3365: 3325: 3285: 3245: 3205: 3165: 3125: 3085: 3045: 3005: 2965: 2937:Samosir Regency 2925: 2885: 2861:Kabupaten Dairi 2847: 2837: 2835: 2830: 2828: 2823: 2821: 2816: 2814: 2809: 2804: 2802: 2797: 2795: 2790: 2773:Samosir Regency 2745:city of Sibolga 2693: 2691:Tapanuli Region 2679: 2630: 2592: 2554: 2514: 2476: 2440: 2430: 2428: 2423: 2421: 2416: 2414: 2409: 2407: 2402: 2397: 2395: 2390: 2388: 2387:English name of 2383: 2325: 2319: 2317: 2316: 2315: 2310: 2308: 2304: 2299: 2297: 2293: 2288: 2286: 2282: 2277: 2273: 2268: 2259: 2254: 2252: 2248: 2243: 2241: 2238: 2231: 2226: 2224: 2220: 2215: 2212: 2205: 2200: 2198: 2194: 2189: 2187: 2183: 2178: 2176: 2172: 2167: 2163: 2158: 2154: 2149: 2147: 2143: 2138: 2136: 2134: 2130: 2125: 2123: 2119: 2114: 2112: 2108: 2103: 2101: 2097: 2092: 2088: 2083: 2079: 2074: 2072: 2068: 2063: 2059: 2054: 2052: 2049: 2042: 2037: 2033: 2028: 2024: 2019: 2010: 2005: 1996: 1991: 1989: 1985: 1980: 1978: 1974: 1969: 1965: 1955: 1951: 1945: 1894: 1870: 1862:illegal logging 1819:volcanic winter 1767: 1734:Island and the 1684: 1665:Central Sumatra 1584:Pematangsiantar 1573: 1565:Main articles: 1563: 1531:Pematangsiantar 1333: 1315: 1304: 1298: 1295: 1280: 1264: 1253: 1148: 1106:Negarakertagama 1077: 1068:Situs Kota Cina 1052:Situs Kota Cina 1040: 1029: 1023: 1020: 1009: 997: 986: 887: 872:Malay Peninsula 833: 831:Prehistoric era 828: 702:), also called 677: 667: 634: 597: 519: 515: 511: 507: 503: 499: 495: 483: 445: 404: 274: 273: 252: 250: 246: 243: 238: 235: 233: 231: 230: 224: 223: 215: 200: 197: 186:Motto(s): 181: 180: 179: 178: 158: 149: 142: 135: 126: 115: 109: 106: 69:"North Sumatra" 63: 61: 51: 39: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 9028: 9018: 9017: 9012: 9007: 9002: 8997: 8992: 8987: 8982: 8977: 8972: 8967: 8950: 8949: 8946: 8945: 8940: 8935: 8930: 8925: 8923:GRP per capita 8920: 8915: 8909: 8905: 8902: 8901: 8899: 8898: 8888: 8883: 8877: 8875: 8871: 8870: 8868: 8867: 8862: 8857: 8852: 8847: 8845:Highland Papua 8842: 8836: 8834: 8828: 8827: 8825: 8824: 8819: 8813: 8811: 8809:Maluku Islands 8805: 8804: 8802: 8801: 8796: 8791: 8789:South Sulawesi 8786: 8784:North Sulawesi 8781: 8776: 8770: 8768: 8762: 8761: 8759: 8758: 8753: 8748: 8742: 8740: 8734: 8733: 8731: 8730: 8725: 8720: 8715: 8710: 8704: 8702: 8696: 8695: 8693: 8692: 8687: 8682: 8677: 8672: 8667: 8661: 8659: 8653: 8652: 8645: 8643: 8641: 8640: 8635: 8630: 8625: 8620: 8615: 8610: 8605: 8600: 8595: 8589: 8587: 8581: 8580: 8558: 8555: 8554: 8547: 8546: 8539: 8532: 8524: 8515: 8514: 8508: 8505: 8504: 8502: 8501: 8496: 8491: 8486: 8481: 8476: 8471: 8466: 8460: 8458: 8452: 8451: 8444: 8442: 8440: 8439: 8434: 8432:North Tapanuli 8429: 8424: 8422:South Tapanuli 8419: 8414: 8409: 8404: 8399: 8394: 8389: 8384: 8379: 8374: 8369: 8364: 8359: 8354: 8349: 8344: 8339: 8334: 8329: 8324: 8319: 8313: 8311: 8305: 8304: 8298: 8295: 8294: 8279: 8278: 8271: 8264: 8256: 8247: 8246: 8242: 8241: 8228: 8215: 8209: 8208: 8206: 8199: 8196: 8195: 8177:Malacca Strait 8174: 8159: 8157: 8151: 8150: 8148: 8141: 8138: 8137: 8115:Malacca Strait 8112: 8099: 8083: 8080: 8079: 8074: 8073: 8066: 8059: 8051: 8045: 8044: 8037: 8036:External links 8034: 8032: 8031: 8020: 8006: 7995: 7969: 7958: 7936: 7910: 7884: 7835: 7813: 7782: 7755: 7725: 7698: 7683: 7658: 7647: 7634: 7621: 7590: 7572: 7554: 7505: 7483: 7421: 7395: 7352: 7320: 7294: 7287: 7266: 7247:(Oct): 21–46. 7224: 7212: 7193: 7186: 7168: 7159:, p. 180. 7149: 7130: 7123: 7111:Ricklefs, M.C. 7102: 7083: 7076: 7056: 7041: 7013: 6983: 6976: 6956: 6949: 6922: 6913:, p. 105. 6903: 6877: 6855: 6840: 6833: 6813: 6763: 6745: 6733:United Nations 6716: 6698: 6680: 6662: 6620: 6618: 6615: 6614: 6613: 6607: 6606: 6590: 6587: 6555: 6552: 6507: 6504: 6483: 6480: 6479: 6478: 6472: 6462: 6459:Sibisa Airport 6456: 6446: 6439:Binaka Airport 6436: 6383: 6380: 6378: 6377:Transportation 6375: 6374: 6373: 6366: 6359: 6341: 6315: 6314: 6300: 6294: 6263: 6262: 6248: 6245:Simalem Resort 6242: 6236: 6232:Berhala Island 6229: 6219: 6213: 6207: 6200: 6194: 6187: 6168: 6150: 6143:Samosir Island 6140: 6126: 6088:Samosir Island 6075: 6072: 6059:October 2005. 6033: 6030: 6016:Co for making 6005:Main article: 6002: 5999: 5986: 5983: 5982: 5981: 5978: 5975: 5967: 5964: 5959:Bank Indonesia 5954: 5951: 5906: 5903: 5880: 5877: 5868: 5862: 5856: 5850: 5846: 5845: 5844: 5842: 5839: 5569:Main article: 5566: 5563: 5502: 5499: 5456:Batak-Karonese 5448: 5445: 5422:Pematang Purba 5378:Main article: 5375: 5372: 5368:Guro Guro Aron 5301: 5298: 5269: 5266: 5265: 5264: 5251: 5244: 5242: 5236: 5229: 5227: 5217: 5210: 5208: 5199: 5192: 5190: 5181: 5174: 5172: 5159: 5152: 5149: 5148: 5137: 5127: 5113: 5107: 5101: 5066: 5056: 5046: 5036: 5026: 5022: 5021: 5020: 5018: 5015: 4974: 4971: 4970: 4969: 4958: 4951: 4949: 4942: 4935: 4933: 4930: 4923: 4921: 4915: 4908: 4906: 4899: 4892: 4890: 4887: 4880: 4877: 4876: 4842: 4832: 4822: 4812: 4786: 4772: 4758: 4747:North Tapanuli 4740: 4727: 4713: 4686:South Tapanuli 4679: 4653: 4650:North Tapanuli 4511: 4501: 4491: 4481: 4471: 4461: 4451: 4441: 4431: 4421: 4417: 4416: 4415: 4413: 4410: 4407: 4406: 4398: 4397: 4394: 4391: 4387: 4386: 4383: 4380: 4376: 4375: 4372: 4369: 4365: 4364: 4361: 4358: 4354: 4353: 4350: 4347: 4343: 4342: 4339: 4336: 4332: 4331: 4328: 4325: 4321: 4320: 4317: 4314: 4310: 4309: 4306: 4303: 4299: 4298: 4293: 4288: 4270: 4267: 4257: 4254: 4252: 4249: 4242: 4241: 4234: 4226: 4210: 4207: 4200: 4199: 4197: 4195: 4190: 4185: 4180: 4175: 4173: 4171: 4164: 4161: 4160: 4153: 4148: 4145: 4142: 4139: 4136: 4133: 4130: 4125: 4121: 4120: 4113: 4108: 4105: 4102: 4099: 4096: 4093: 4090: 4085: 4081: 4080: 4073: 4068: 4065: 4062: 4059: 4056: 4053: 4050: 4045: 4041: 4040: 4033: 4028: 4025: 4022: 4019: 4016: 4013: 4010: 4005: 4001: 4000: 3993: 3988: 3985: 3982: 3979: 3976: 3973: 3970: 3968:Asahan Regency 3965: 3961: 3960: 3953: 3948: 3945: 3942: 3939: 3936: 3933: 3930: 3925: 3921: 3920: 3913: 3910: 3907: 3904: 3901: 3898: 3895: 3892: 3887: 3883: 3882: 3875: 3870: 3867: 3864: 3861: 3858: 3855: 3852: 3847: 3843: 3842: 3835: 3828: 3825: 3822: 3819: 3816: 3813: 3810: 3805: 3801: 3800: 3793: 3788: 3785: 3782: 3779: 3776: 3773: 3770: 3765: 3761: 3760: 3753: 3748: 3745: 3742: 3739: 3736: 3733: 3732:Kabupaten Karo 3730: 3725: 3721: 3720: 3713: 3708: 3705: 3702: 3699: 3696: 3693: 3690: 3685: 3681: 3680: 3673: 3668: 3665: 3662: 3659: 3656: 3653: 3650: 3645: 3641: 3640: 3633: 3628: 3625: 3622: 3619: 3616: 3613: 3610: 3605: 3601: 3600: 3593: 3588: 3585: 3582: 3579: 3576: 3573: 3570: 3565: 3561: 3560: 3553: 3550: 3543: 3536: 3529: 3522: 3517: 3510: 3503: 3442:Sultan of Deli 3438:Maimoon Palace 3430: 3427: 3415:Mursala Island 3409: 3408: 3406: 3404: 3399: 3394: 3389: 3384: 3382: 3380: 3373: 3370: 3369: 3362: 3357: 3354: 3351: 3348: 3345: 3342: 3339: 3334: 3330: 3329: 3322: 3317: 3314: 3311: 3308: 3305: 3302: 3299: 3294: 3290: 3289: 3282: 3277: 3274: 3271: 3268: 3265: 3262: 3259: 3254: 3250: 3249: 3242: 3237: 3234: 3231: 3228: 3225: 3222: 3219: 3214: 3210: 3209: 3202: 3197: 3194: 3191: 3188: 3185: 3182: 3179: 3174: 3170: 3169: 3162: 3157: 3154: 3151: 3148: 3145: 3142: 3139: 3134: 3130: 3129: 3122: 3117: 3114: 3111: 3108: 3105: 3102: 3099: 3094: 3090: 3089: 3082: 3077: 3074: 3071: 3068: 3065: 3062: 3059: 3054: 3050: 3049: 3042: 3037: 3034: 3031: 3028: 3025: 3022: 3019: 3014: 3010: 3009: 3002: 2997: 2994: 2991: 2988: 2985: 2982: 2981:Kabupaten Toba 2979: 2974: 2970: 2969: 2962: 2957: 2954: 2951: 2948: 2945: 2942: 2939: 2934: 2930: 2929: 2922: 2917: 2914: 2911: 2908: 2905: 2902: 2899: 2894: 2890: 2889: 2882: 2877: 2874: 2871: 2868: 2865: 2862: 2859: 2854: 2850: 2849: 2842: 2839: 2832: 2825: 2818: 2811: 2806: 2801:Local name of 2799: 2792: 2741:South Tapanuli 2733:North Tapanuli 2719:) in Simanindo 2692: 2689: 2674: 2673: 2671: 2669: 2664: 2659: 2654: 2649: 2647: 2645: 2638: 2635: 2634: 2627: 2624: 2621: 2618: 2615: 2612: 2609: 2606: 2601: 2597: 2596: 2589: 2586: 2583: 2580: 2577: 2574: 2571: 2568: 2563: 2559: 2558: 2551: 2546: 2543: 2540: 2537: 2534: 2531: 2528: 2523: 2519: 2518: 2511: 2508: 2505: 2502: 2499: 2496: 2493: 2492:Kabupaten Nias 2490: 2485: 2481: 2480: 2473: 2470: 2467: 2464: 2461: 2458: 2455: 2452: 2447: 2443: 2442: 2435: 2432: 2425: 2418: 2411: 2404: 2399: 2394:Local name of 2392: 2385: 2324: 2321: 2305: 2294: 2283: 2274: 2260: 2249: 2232: 2221: 2206: 2195: 2184: 2173: 2164: 2155: 2144: 2131: 2120: 2109: 2098: 2089: 2080: 2069: 2060: 2043: 2034: 2025: 2011: 1997: 1986: 1975: 1966: 1952: 1936: 1929: 1893: 1890: 1869: 1866: 1779:Mount Sinabung 1698:, between the 1683: 1680: 1657:Mohammad Hatta 1562: 1559: 1506:Southern India 1502:Southern China 1494:London Sumatra 1317: 1316: 1267: 1265: 1258: 1252: 1249: 1161:Malacca strait 1143:Pannai Kingdom 1094:Rajendra Chola 1072:Hamparan Perak 1042: 1041: 1000: 998: 991: 985: 982: 888: 1000 BC 864:Mesolithic era 832: 829: 827: 824: 700:Sumatera Utara 687: 686: 675: 671: 670: 655: 649: 648: 640: 639: - Growth 636: 635: 633: 632: 622: 616: 605: 603: 599: 598: 596: 595: 585: 579: 568: 566: 562: 561: 558: 551: 550: 547: 541: 540: 530: 524: 523: 489: 485: 484: 482: 481: 478: 472: 466: 460: 453: 451: 447: 446: 444: 443: 440: 434: 428: 422: 416: 409: 407: 400: 399: 395: 394: 391: 387: 386: 383: 379: 378: 375: 371: 370: 367: 363: 362: 358: 357: 354: 350: 349: 344: 340: 339: 336: 332: 331: 327: 326: 321: 314: 313: 303: 296: 295: 292: 288: 287: 283: 282: 277: 269: 268: 265: 261: 260: 226: 225: 221: 220: 217: 216: 210: 202: 201: 187: 183: 182: 176: 170: 169: 168: 165: 164: 160: 159: 154: 151: 150: 146:Sumatera Utara 143: 140: 133: 128: 127: 42: 40: 33: 26: 18:Sumatera Utara 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 9027: 9016: 9013: 9011: 9010:Singkil basin 9008: 9006: 9003: 9001: 8998: 8996: 8993: 8991: 8988: 8986: 8983: 8981: 8978: 8976: 8973: 8971: 8968: 8966: 8965:North Sumatra 8963: 8962: 8960: 8944: 8941: 8939: 8936: 8934: 8933:Highest point 8931: 8929: 8926: 8924: 8921: 8919: 8916: 8914: 8911: 8910: 8908: 8903: 8896: 8892: 8889: 8887: 8884: 8882: 8879: 8878: 8876: 8872: 8866: 8863: 8861: 8858: 8856: 8853: 8851: 8848: 8846: 8843: 8841: 8840:Central Papua 8838: 8837: 8835: 8833: 8829: 8823: 8820: 8818: 8815: 8814: 8812: 8810: 8806: 8800: 8799:West Sulawesi 8797: 8795: 8792: 8790: 8787: 8785: 8782: 8780: 8777: 8775: 8772: 8771: 8769: 8767: 8763: 8757: 8754: 8752: 8749: 8747: 8744: 8743: 8741: 8739: 8735: 8729: 8726: 8724: 8721: 8719: 8716: 8714: 8711: 8709: 8706: 8705: 8703: 8701: 8697: 8691: 8688: 8686: 8683: 8681: 8678: 8676: 8673: 8671: 8668: 8666: 8663: 8662: 8660: 8658: 8654: 8649: 8639: 8636: 8634: 8633:South Sumatra 8631: 8629: 8626: 8624: 8621: 8619: 8618:North Sumatra 8616: 8614: 8611: 8609: 8606: 8604: 8601: 8599: 8596: 8594: 8591: 8590: 8588: 8586: 8582: 8577: 8573: 8569: 8565: 8561: 8556: 8552: 8545: 8540: 8538: 8533: 8531: 8526: 8525: 8522: 8512: 8506: 8500: 8499:Tebing Tinggi 8497: 8495: 8492: 8490: 8487: 8485: 8482: 8480: 8477: 8475: 8472: 8470: 8469:Gunung Sitoli 8467: 8465: 8462: 8461: 8459: 8457: 8453: 8448: 8438: 8435: 8433: 8430: 8428: 8425: 8423: 8420: 8418: 8415: 8413: 8410: 8408: 8405: 8403: 8402:Pakpak Bharat 8400: 8398: 8395: 8393: 8390: 8388: 8385: 8383: 8380: 8378: 8375: 8373: 8370: 8368: 8365: 8363: 8360: 8358: 8355: 8353: 8350: 8348: 8345: 8343: 8340: 8338: 8335: 8333: 8330: 8328: 8325: 8323: 8320: 8318: 8315: 8314: 8312: 8310: 8306: 8302: 8296: 8292: 8288: 8287:North Sumatra 8284: 8277: 8272: 8270: 8265: 8263: 8258: 8257: 8254: 8240: 8229: 8227: 8216: 8214: 8211: 8210: 8207: 8200: 8198: 8197: 8193: 8189: 8184: 8178: 8175: 8167: 8166:North Sumatra 8158: 8156: 8153: 8152: 8149: 8142: 8140: 8139: 8135: 8131: 8127: 8122: 8116: 8113: 8111: 8100: 8098: 8087: 8086: 8081: 8072: 8067: 8065: 8060: 8058: 8053: 8052: 8049: 8043: 8040: 8039: 8029: 8024: 8016: 8010: 8004: 7999: 7983: 7979: 7973: 7967: 7962: 7946: 7940: 7924: 7920: 7914: 7898: 7894: 7888: 7880: 7876: 7872: 7868: 7863: 7858: 7854: 7850: 7846: 7839: 7828:September 22, 7823: 7817: 7801: 7797: 7793: 7786: 7770: 7766: 7759: 7743: 7739: 7735: 7729: 7713: 7709: 7702: 7694: 7687: 7672: 7668: 7662: 7656: 7651: 7644: 7638: 7631: 7625: 7609: 7608:www.bps.go.id 7605: 7599: 7597: 7595: 7585: 7583: 7581: 7579: 7577: 7567: 7565: 7563: 7561: 7559: 7550: 7546: 7541: 7536: 7532: 7528: 7524: 7520: 7516: 7509: 7493: 7487: 7479: 7475: 7470: 7465: 7460: 7455: 7451: 7447: 7443: 7439: 7435: 7431: 7425: 7410: 7406: 7399: 7391: 7387: 7383: 7379: 7375: 7371: 7367: 7363: 7356: 7340: 7336: 7335: 7330: 7324: 7308: 7304: 7298: 7290: 7284: 7280: 7276: 7275:Reid, Anthony 7270: 7262: 7258: 7254: 7250: 7246: 7242: 7235: 7228: 7221: 7216: 7208: 7202: 7197: 7189: 7183: 7179: 7172: 7164: 7158: 7153: 7145: 7139: 7134: 7126: 7120: 7116: 7112: 7106: 7098: 7094: 7087: 7079: 7077:9789400604100 7073: 7069: 7068: 7060: 7052: 7045: 7026: 7025: 7017: 7001: 6997: 6993: 6987: 6979: 6977:9789798451164 6973: 6969: 6968: 6960: 6952: 6946: 6942: 6941: 6936: 6929: 6927: 6918: 6912: 6907: 6891: 6887: 6881: 6865: 6859: 6851: 6844: 6836: 6830: 6826: 6825: 6817: 6801: 6796: 6792: 6788: 6784: 6777: 6770: 6768: 6759: 6755: 6749: 6734: 6727: 6720: 6712: 6708: 6702: 6694: 6690: 6684: 6676: 6672: 6666: 6650: 6646: 6642: 6636: 6634: 6632: 6630: 6628: 6626: 6621: 6612: 6609: 6608: 6604: 6593: 6586: 6584: 6580: 6576: 6572: 6568: 6564: 6560: 6551: 6549: 6545: 6541: 6537: 6533: 6529: 6524: 6517: 6512: 6503: 6501: 6497: 6496:Kuala Tanjung 6493: 6489: 6476: 6473: 6470: 6466: 6463: 6460: 6457: 6454: 6450: 6447: 6445:, Nias Island 6444: 6443:Gunung Sitoli 6440: 6437: 6435: 6431: 6428: 6427: 6426: 6423: 6421: 6417: 6413: 6409: 6405: 6401: 6397: 6388: 6370: 6367: 6363: 6360: 6357: 6353: 6349: 6345: 6342: 6339: 6335: 6332: 6331: 6327: 6323: 6319: 6312: 6308: 6304: 6301: 6298: 6295: 6292: 6288: 6284: 6281: 6280: 6276: 6272: 6267: 6260: 6256: 6252: 6249: 6246: 6243: 6240: 6237: 6233: 6230: 6227: 6223: 6222:Poncan Island 6220: 6217: 6214: 6211: 6208: 6204: 6201: 6198: 6195: 6191: 6188: 6185: 6181: 6177: 6172: 6169: 6166: 6162: 6158: 6154: 6151: 6148: 6144: 6141: 6138: 6134: 6130: 6127: 6124: 6121: 6120: 6115: 6108: 6104: 6100: 6097: 6093: 6089: 6085: 6084:volcanic lake 6081: 6071: 6067: 6063: 6060: 6056: 6054: 6046: 6042: 6038: 6029: 6027: 6023: 6019: 6015: 6008: 5998: 5996: 5992: 5979: 5976: 5973: 5972: 5971: 5963: 5960: 5947: 5942: 5938: 5935: 5930: 5927: 5923: 5919: 5911: 5902: 5899: 5897: 5892: 5890: 5886: 5849: 5838: 5836: 5832: 5828: 5824: 5820: 5816: 5812: 5808: 5804: 5800: 5796: 5792: 5788: 5784: 5780: 5779:Tau Kua He Ci 5776: 5772: 5768: 5764: 5760: 5756: 5751: 5749: 5745: 5741: 5737: 5733: 5729: 5725: 5721: 5718: 5714: 5710: 5706: 5702: 5698: 5694: 5690: 5686: 5682: 5678: 5674: 5667: 5663: 5660:which served 5659: 5655: 5651: 5647: 5646:dietary law. 5645: 5641: 5637: 5633: 5629: 5625: 5621: 5617: 5613: 5609: 5605: 5601: 5597: 5590: 5586: 5582: 5577: 5572: 5571:Batak cuisine 5562: 5560: 5559:Tolak Betikam 5555: 5551: 5549: 5548:Songket Barus 5545: 5541: 5536: 5532: 5528: 5520: 5516: 5512: 5507: 5498: 5496: 5492: 5488: 5483: 5481: 5477: 5473: 5467: 5461: 5457: 5453: 5444: 5441: 5439: 5435: 5431: 5427: 5423: 5419: 5415: 5411: 5407: 5406:ayo-ayo rumah 5403: 5398: 5396: 5392: 5387: 5381: 5371: 5369: 5365: 5361: 5357: 5353: 5349: 5345: 5341: 5337: 5329: 5326: 5321: 5317: 5315: 5311: 5310:Orang Pesisir 5307: 5297: 5295: 5291: 5287: 5283: 5279: 5275: 5262: 5258: 5255: 5248: 5243: 5239: 5233: 5228: 5225: 5221: 5214: 5209: 5206: 5202: 5196: 5191: 5188: 5184: 5178: 5173: 5170: 5166: 5162: 5156: 5151: 5150: 5146: 5142: 5138: 5135: 5131: 5128: 5125: 5121: 5117: 5114: 5111: 5108: 5105: 5102: 5099: 5096: 5095: 5094: 5085: 5081: 5077: 5073: 5063: 5053: 5043: 5033: 5025: 5014: 5012: 5008: 5007:Nias language 5004: 5000: 4996: 4992: 4988: 4984: 4980: 4966: 4962: 4961:Bujang Ganong 4959:The Javanese 4955: 4950: 4946: 4939: 4934: 4927: 4922: 4918: 4912: 4907: 4903: 4896: 4891: 4884: 4879: 4878: 4874: 4870: 4866: 4862: 4858: 4854: 4850: 4846: 4843: 4840: 4836: 4833: 4830: 4826: 4823: 4820: 4816: 4813: 4810: 4806: 4802: 4798: 4794: 4790: 4787: 4784: 4780: 4776: 4773: 4770: 4766: 4762: 4759: 4756: 4752: 4748: 4744: 4743:Batak Angkola 4741: 4739: 4735: 4731: 4728: 4725: 4721: 4720:Dairi Regency 4717: 4714: 4711: 4707: 4703: 4699: 4695: 4691: 4687: 4683: 4680: 4677: 4673: 4669: 4665: 4661: 4657: 4654: 4651: 4647: 4643: 4639: 4635: 4632: 4631: 4630: 4624: 4620: 4616: 4612: 4608: 4604: 4599: 4595: 4591: 4589: 4585: 4580: 4576: 4572: 4568: 4564: 4560: 4556: 4552: 4548: 4547:Karo highland 4544: 4540: 4536: 4532: 4528: 4524: 4508: 4498: 4488: 4478: 4468: 4458: 4448: 4438: 4428: 4420: 4412:Ethnic groups 4404: 4399: 4395: 4392: 4389: 4388: 4384: 4381: 4378: 4377: 4373: 4370: 4367: 4366: 4362: 4359: 4356: 4355: 4351: 4348: 4345: 4344: 4340: 4337: 4334: 4333: 4329: 4326: 4323: 4322: 4318: 4315: 4312: 4311: 4307: 4304: 4301: 4300: 4294: 4289: 4286: 4285: 4279: 4276: 4266: 4263: 4247: 4239: 4235: 4231: 4227: 4224: 4220: 4219: 4218: 4216: 4206: 4198: 4196: 4194: 4189: 4184: 4179: 4174: 4172: 4170: 4169: 4165: 4163: 4162: 4154: 4152: 4149: 4134: 4131: 4129: 4126: 4123: 4122: 4114: 4112: 4111:Rantau Prapat 4109: 4094: 4091: 4089: 4086: 4083: 4082: 4074: 4072: 4069: 4054: 4051: 4049: 4046: 4043: 4042: 4034: 4032: 4029: 4014: 4011: 4009: 4006: 4003: 4002: 3994: 3992: 3989: 3974: 3971: 3969: 3966: 3963: 3962: 3954: 3952: 3949: 3934: 3931: 3929: 3926: 3923: 3922: 3914: 3912:Tebing Tinggi 3911: 3896: 3893: 3891: 3888: 3885: 3884: 3876: 3874: 3871: 3856: 3853: 3851: 3848: 3845: 3844: 3836: 3834: 3829: 3814: 3811: 3809: 3806: 3803: 3802: 3794: 3792: 3789: 3774: 3771: 3769: 3766: 3763: 3762: 3754: 3752: 3749: 3734: 3731: 3729: 3726: 3723: 3722: 3714: 3712: 3709: 3694: 3691: 3689: 3686: 3683: 3682: 3674: 3672: 3669: 3654: 3651: 3649: 3646: 3643: 3642: 3634: 3632: 3629: 3614: 3611: 3609: 3606: 3603: 3602: 3594: 3592: 3589: 3574: 3571: 3569: 3566: 3563: 3562: 3557: 3554: 3551: 3544: 3537: 3530: 3523: 3518: 3512:Local name of 3511: 3504: 3499: 3498: 3495: 3493: 3489: 3485: 3481: 3477: 3470: 3466: 3461: 3454: 3450: 3443: 3439: 3435: 3426: 3424: 3420: 3416: 3407: 3405: 3403: 3398: 3393: 3388: 3383: 3381: 3379: 3378: 3374: 3372: 3371: 3363: 3361: 3358: 3343: 3340: 3338: 3335: 3332: 3331: 3323: 3321: 3318: 3303: 3300: 3298: 3295: 3292: 3291: 3283: 3281: 3278: 3263: 3260: 3258: 3255: 3252: 3251: 3243: 3241: 3238: 3223: 3220: 3218: 3215: 3212: 3211: 3203: 3201: 3198: 3183: 3180: 3178: 3175: 3172: 3171: 3163: 3161: 3158: 3143: 3140: 3138: 3135: 3132: 3131: 3123: 3121: 3118: 3103: 3100: 3098: 3095: 3092: 3091: 3083: 3081: 3080:Dolok Sanggul 3078: 3063: 3060: 3058: 3055: 3052: 3051: 3043: 3041: 3038: 3023: 3020: 3018: 3015: 3012: 3011: 3003: 3001: 2998: 2983: 2980: 2978: 2975: 2972: 2971: 2963: 2961: 2958: 2943: 2940: 2938: 2935: 2932: 2931: 2923: 2921: 2918: 2903: 2900: 2898: 2895: 2892: 2891: 2883: 2881: 2878: 2863: 2860: 2858: 2857:Dairi Regency 2855: 2852: 2851: 2846: 2843: 2840: 2833: 2826: 2819: 2812: 2807: 2800: 2793: 2788: 2787: 2784: 2782: 2778: 2774: 2770: 2769:Pakpak Bharat 2766: 2762: 2758: 2754: 2750: 2746: 2742: 2738: 2734: 2730: 2726: 2718: 2714: 2709: 2702: 2697: 2688: 2685: 2683: 2672: 2670: 2668: 2663: 2658: 2653: 2648: 2646: 2644: 2643: 2639: 2637: 2636: 2628: 2625: 2610: 2607: 2605: 2602: 2599: 2598: 2590: 2587: 2572: 2569: 2567: 2564: 2561: 2560: 2552: 2550: 2547: 2532: 2529: 2527: 2524: 2521: 2520: 2512: 2509: 2494: 2491: 2489: 2486: 2483: 2482: 2474: 2471: 2456: 2453: 2451: 2448: 2445: 2444: 2439: 2436: 2433: 2426: 2419: 2412: 2405: 2400: 2393: 2386: 2381: 2380: 2377: 2375: 2371: 2367: 2363: 2359: 2355: 2351: 2346: 2341: 2337: 2333: 2329: 2320: 2314: 2303: 2292: 2281: 2272: 2269:Gunung Sitoli 2264: 2258: 2247: 2236: 2230: 2219: 2210: 2204: 2193: 2182: 2171: 2162: 2153: 2142: 2129: 2118: 2107: 2096: 2087: 2078: 2067: 2058: 2047: 2041: 2032: 2023: 2015: 2009: 2006:Tebing Tinggi 2001: 1995: 1984: 1973: 1963: 1959: 1950: 1948: 1940: 1934: 1928: 1925: 1921: 1917: 1913: 1912:Dairi Regency 1909: 1904: 1899: 1889: 1887: 1883: 1874: 1865: 1863: 1859: 1854: 1852: 1848: 1839: 1835: 1833: 1829: 1824: 1820: 1815: 1807: 1802: 1798: 1796: 1792: 1788: 1787:Mount Sibayak 1784: 1780: 1775: 1771: 1766: 1762: 1757: 1752: 1743: 1739: 1737: 1733: 1729: 1725: 1721: 1720:Bukit Barisan 1717: 1713: 1709: 1705: 1701: 1697: 1688: 1679: 1676: 1674: 1670: 1669:South Sumatra 1666: 1661: 1658: 1653: 1648: 1644: 1640: 1636: 1632: 1628: 1624: 1620: 1615: 1613: 1609: 1604: 1598: 1593: 1585: 1581: 1577: 1572: 1568: 1558: 1556: 1552: 1548: 1544: 1540: 1536: 1532: 1526: 1524: 1519: 1515: 1511: 1507: 1503: 1499: 1495: 1491: 1487: 1483: 1479: 1475: 1471: 1467: 1463: 1459: 1455: 1451: 1442: 1438: 1436: 1432: 1428: 1423: 1421: 1417: 1413: 1405: 1400: 1396: 1394: 1390: 1386: 1382: 1378: 1374: 1370: 1366: 1362: 1358: 1354: 1349: 1347: 1343: 1339: 1323: 1313: 1310: 1302: 1292: 1288: 1284: 1278: 1277: 1273: 1268:This section 1266: 1262: 1257: 1256: 1248: 1245: 1242: 1236: 1232: 1228: 1224: 1223: 1222:Suma Oriental 1218: 1214: 1213: 1208: 1204: 1200: 1196: 1193:An area near 1191: 1189: 1185: 1181: 1177: 1173: 1169: 1166: 1162: 1158: 1144: 1140: 1139:Bahal village 1136: 1133: 1129: 1125: 1121: 1117: 1115: 1111: 1107: 1103: 1102:Panai Kingdom 1099: 1095: 1091: 1087: 1083: 1073: 1069: 1061: 1057: 1053: 1048: 1038: 1035: 1027: 1017: 1013: 1007: 1006: 1001:This section 999: 995: 990: 989: 981: 979: 975: 971: 967: 963: 959: 955: 950: 948: 944: 940: 936: 932: 928: 920: 919:Dolok Sanggul 916: 912: 908: 906: 902: 898: 893: 881: 878: 873: 869: 865: 861: 857: 849: 845: 841: 837: 823: 820: 818: 812: 810: 806: 802: 801: 794: 792: 788: 784: 780: 776: 772: 768: 764: 760: 756: 755:South Sumatra 752: 747: 745: 741: 737: 733: 729: 725: 721: 717: 713: 709: 705: 701: 697: 693: 692:North Sumatra 684: 676: 672: 665: 656: 654: 650: 641: 637: 630: 627:13,280 ( 626: 623: 620: 617: 614: 610: 607: 606: 604: 600: 593: 589: 586: 583: 580: 577: 573: 570: 569: 567: 565: - Total 563: 559: 556: 552: 548: 546: 545:ISO 3166 code 542: 538: 534: 531: 529: 525: 522: 518: 514: 510: 506: 502: 498: 493: 490: 486: 479: 477: 473: 471: 467: 465: 461: 459: 455: 454: 452: 448: 441: 439: 435: 433: 429: 427: 423: 421: 417: 415: 411: 410: 408: 405:Ethnic groups 403: • 401: 396: 392: 388: 384: 380: 376: 372: 368: 364: 359: 355: 351: 348: 345: 341: 337: 333: 328: 325: 322: 320: 319:Vice Governor 317: • 315: 311: 307: 304: 302: 299: • 297: 293: 289: 284: 281: 278: 270: 267:15 April 1948 266: 262: 257: 253:2.000; 99.000 229:Coordinates: 227: 222:OpenStreetMap 218: 214: 208: 203: 195: 190: 184: 174: 166: 161: 157: 152: 147: 141:North Sumatra 138: 132: 124: 121: 113: 102: 99: 95: 92: 88: 85: 81: 78: 74: 71: – 70: 66: 65:Find sources: 59: 55: 49: 48: 43:This article 41: 37: 32: 31: 19: 9000:Kualuh basin 8938:Poverty rate 8906: 8894: 8822:North Maluku 8670:Central Java 8638:West Sumatra 8628:Riau Islands 8617: 8575: 8567: 8494:Tanjungbalai 8392:Padang Lawas 8347:Labuhan Batu 8332:Deli Serdang 8286: 8226:West Sumatra 8213:Indian Ocean 8165: 8155:Indian Ocean 8023: 8009: 7998: 7986:. Retrieved 7982:the original 7972: 7961: 7951:November 21, 7949:. Retrieved 7939: 7927:. Retrieved 7923:the original 7919:"Jurnas.com" 7913: 7901:. Retrieved 7897:the original 7887: 7852: 7848: 7838: 7826:. Retrieved 7816: 7806:November 10, 7804:. Retrieved 7800:the original 7795: 7785: 7775:November 10, 7773:. Retrieved 7768: 7758: 7746:. Retrieved 7728: 7716:. Retrieved 7711: 7701: 7692: 7686: 7674:. Retrieved 7670: 7661: 7650: 7642: 7637: 7629: 7624: 7612:. Retrieved 7607: 7522: 7518: 7508: 7496:. Retrieved 7486: 7441: 7437: 7424: 7412:. Retrieved 7408: 7398: 7365: 7361: 7355: 7343:. Retrieved 7339:the original 7332: 7323: 7311:. Retrieved 7307:the original 7297: 7278: 7269: 7244: 7240: 7227: 7215: 7196: 7177: 7171: 7152: 7133: 7114: 7105: 7096: 7086: 7066: 7059: 7050: 7044: 7032:. Retrieved 7023: 7016: 7004:. Retrieved 7000:the original 6995: 6986: 6966: 6959: 6939: 6935:Miksic, John 6906: 6894:. Retrieved 6890:the original 6880: 6868:. Retrieved 6858: 6849: 6843: 6823: 6816: 6804:. Retrieved 6786: 6782: 6757: 6748: 6736:. Retrieved 6732: 6719: 6710: 6701: 6683: 6665: 6653:. Retrieved 6648: 6644: 6562: 6558: 6557: 6525: 6521: 6516:Deli Serdang 6485: 6434:Batu Islands 6424: 6420:Saudi Arabia 6393: 6369:Tanjungbalai 6368: 6361: 6343: 6333: 6325: 6321: 6296: 6283:Bahal temple 6250: 6244: 6221: 6215: 6202: 6153:Bukit Lawang 6096:Batu Islands 6077: 6068: 6064: 6061: 6057: 6050: 6010: 5988: 5969: 5956: 5931: 5928: 5924: 5920: 5916: 5900: 5895: 5893: 5888: 5882: 5847: 5798: 5794: 5790: 5778: 5758: 5752: 5736:Riau Islands 5727: 5700: 5696: 5692: 5688: 5670: 5661: 5656:, Bataknese 5653: 5627: 5623: 5619: 5616:Batak pepper 5615: 5611: 5603: 5593: 5588: 5584: 5580: 5558: 5553: 5552: 5547: 5543: 5539: 5524: 5514: 5494: 5490: 5486: 5484: 5479: 5475: 5471: 5468: 5464: 5459: 5442: 5437: 5434:Bagas Gadang 5433: 5429: 5425: 5421: 5417: 5413: 5409: 5405: 5399: 5383: 5374:Architecture 5367: 5363: 5359: 5339: 5335: 5333: 5324: 5313: 5303: 5271: 5220:Gunungsitoli 5205:Deli Serdang 5161:Azizi Mosque 5116:Confucianism 5104:Christianity 5091: 5084:Confucianism 5042:Christianity 5023: 4976: 4960: 4865:Tanjungbalai 4809:Tebingtinggi 4805:Labuhan Batu 4793:Deli Serdang 4783:Gunungsitoli 4716:Batak Pakpak 4710:Rantauprapat 4690:Padang Lawas 4664:Deli Serdang 4660:Karo Regency 4628: 4622: 4618: 4614: 4610: 4606: 4602: 4592: 4587: 4583: 4578: 4574: 4570: 4566: 4562: 4558: 4554: 4550: 4546: 4542: 4538: 4534: 4530: 4526: 4522: 4520: 4418: 4272: 4259: 4251:Demographics 4237: 4229: 4222: 4212: 4203: 4192: 4187: 4182: 4177: 4167: 4166: 4031:Tanjungbalai 3728:Karo Regency 3491: 3487: 3483: 3479: 3473: 3464: 3453:Siwaluh Jabu 3422: 3412: 3401: 3396: 3391: 3386: 3376: 3375: 3141:Kota Sibolga 3137:Sibolga City 2977:Toba Regency 2780: 2777:Padang Lawas 2776: 2772: 2768: 2764: 2760: 2757:Toba Samosir 2756: 2752: 2748: 2744: 2740: 2736: 2732: 2722: 2716: 2701:Bagas Godang 2700: 2686: 2682:Batu Islands 2677: 2666: 2661: 2656: 2651: 2641: 2640: 2488:Nias Regency 2472:Gunungsitoli 2373: 2369: 2365: 2361: 2358:Nias Regency 2357: 2354:Batu Islands 2347: 2344: 2335: 2331: 2318: 2020:Tanjungbalai 1944: 1923: 1895: 1879: 1855: 1844: 1811: 1783:Karo Regency 1776: 1756:Gunungsitoli 1748: 1736:Batu Islands 1716:West Sumatra 1700:Indian Ocean 1693: 1677: 1672: 1662: 1618: 1616: 1589: 1580:East Sumatra 1527: 1493: 1482:Christianize 1447: 1424: 1409: 1402:Portrait of 1373:spread Islam 1350: 1328: 1305: 1296: 1281:Please help 1269: 1246: 1220: 1210: 1198: 1192: 1188:Deli Serdang 1154: 1127: 1124:Bahal temple 1110:Mpu Prapanca 1067: 1065: 1060:Yuan dynasty 1056:Labuhan Deli 1051: 1030: 1021: 1010:Please help 1005:verification 1002: 964:through the 951: 927:Austronesian 924: 915:Situs Hopong 914: 892:Young Malays 882: 856:Austronesian 853: 839: 815: 813: 800:Supervolcano 797: 795: 748: 736:Indian Ocean 732:West Sumatra 703: 691: 690: 464:Christianity 398:Demographics 323: 309: 188: 177:Coat of arms 131: 116: 107: 97: 90: 83: 76: 64: 52:Please help 47:verification 44: 9015:Wampu basin 9005:Rokan basin 8975:Andaman Sea 8855:South Papua 7988:January 29, 7748:October 29, 6911:Miksic 1996 6394:The modern 6344:Salib Kasih 6206:Simalungun. 6171:Nias Island 6092:Nias Island 5831:Nasi padang 5823:Minangkabau 5799:Roti Kacang 5763:Bubur pedas 5757:(called as 5476:kebangkiung 5438:Sopo Godang 5430:Balai Bolon 5426:Rumah Bolon 5003:Minangkabau 4977:As well as 4867:, Kisaran, 4857:Tanjungpura 4781:(including 4779:Nias Island 4588:Minangkabau 4571:Nias Island 4477:Minangkabau 4151:Kota Pinang 4071:Aek Kanopan 3612:Kota Binjai 3608:Binjai City 3519:Established 3465:Rumah Bolon 3463:Simalungun 3360:Panyabungan 2808:Established 2717:Rumah Bolon 2713:Bolon House 2699:A photo of 2549:Teluk Dalam 2403:by statute 2401:Established 2340:Bawomataluo 2126:Labuhanbatu 2115:Labuhanbatu 1823:Lake Malawi 1795:crater lake 1768: [ 1539:Bukittinggi 1454:Siak sultan 1448:During the 1369:Minangkabau 1334: 1500 1235:cannibalism 1199:Batak Lands 1157:Aru Kingdom 1137:complex in 966:Philippines 954:Nias people 935:Philippines 844:Nias people 775:Nias Island 771:Nias people 751:Java Island 621: 4,481 480:0.12% other 264:Established 251: / 8959:Categories 8891:East Timor 8865:West Papua 8700:Kalimantan 8509:See also: 8417:Simalungun 8387:North Nias 8382:South Nias 7855:: 99–121. 7769:kompas.com 7676:January 1, 7498:January 5, 7345:August 29, 7313:January 6, 7157:Kahin 1970 7034:August 12, 6617:References 6571:Banda Aceh 6548:Deli River 6348:Indonesian 6259:Sidikalang 6255:Indonesian 6251:Taman Iman 6239:Sipisopiso 6107:Sipisopiso 6022:Ferrostaal 5991:Indonesian 5934:Mandheling 5815:Putu bambu 5811:Roti canai 5803:Bika ambon 5759:Nasi Gurih 5755:Nasi lemak 5697:Salai ikan 5685:Mandailing 5533:cloth and 5501:Handicraft 5402:Ruma Batak 5391:Indonesian 5350:) and the 5328:percussion 5323:Bataknese 5306:Indonesian 5009:(parts of 4979:Indonesian 4917:Cap Go Meh 4900:Bataknese 4851:: (Medan, 4751:Gunung Tua 4734:Simalungun 4724:Sidikalang 4656:Batak Karo 4652:Regencies. 4634:Batak Toba 4625:sub-groups 4623:Mandailing 4607:Simalungun 4559:Simalungun 4539:Mandailing 4393:15,386,640 4382:14,799,361 4371:13,923,262 4360:12,982,204 4349:11,649,655 4338:11,114,667 4327:10,256,027 4256:Population 4244:See also: 4193:11,118,454 4188:10,713,186 4135:UU 22/2008 4055:UU 23/2008 3873:Sei Rampah 3857:UU 36/2003 3695:UU 24/1956 3692:Kota Medan 3688:Medan City 3671:Lubukpakam 3521:by statute 3469:Simalungun 3344:UU 12/1998 3304:UU 38/2007 3280:Gunung Tua 3264:UU 37/2007 3224:UU 32/1982 2984:UU 12/1998 2960:Pangururan 2944:UU 36/2003 2880:Sidikalang 2810:by statute 2743:) and the 2611:UU 46/2008 2573:UU 45/2008 2457:UU 47/2008 2366:North Nias 2253:Mandailing 2179:Hasundutan 2064:Simalungun 1868:Governance 1635:Indonesian 1627:Simalungun 1603:pergerakan 1597:pergerakan 1207:Zhao Rugua 1086:Middle Age 860:Melanesian 791:Dutch rule 696:Indonesian 494:(official) 492:Indonesian 442:5.4% other 369:15,386,640 361:Population 306:Hassanudin 286:Government 194:Indonesian 110:April 2023 80:newspapers 8943:ISO codes 8779:Gorontalo 8690:West Java 8675:East Java 8572:Nusantara 8377:West Nias 8309:Regencies 8299:Capital: 8291:Indonesia 7879:248733239 7871:1314-3301 7525:: 75–94. 7241:Indonesia 7220:Reid 2014 7138:Said 1973 7113:(2008) . 7099:(18): 77. 7097:Indonesia 6711:bpk.go.id 6575:Pekanbaru 6416:Hong Kong 6408:Singapore 6404:Malaysian 6334:Tangkahan 6311:taxidermy 6271:Tangkahan 6197:Berastagi 6129:Lake Toba 5885:petroleum 5819:Mie rebus 5791:Teng-Teng 5748:Singapore 5713:Lake Toba 5709:Berastagi 5705:Kabanjahe 5693:Pora-pora 5666:palm wine 5654:Lapo Tuak 5632:Christian 5608:andaliman 5515:Huta Raja 5386:fine arts 5344:accordion 5314:Sikambang 4987:Lake Toba 4973:Languages 4945:Thaipusam 4869:Limapuluh 4676:Kabanjahe 4672:Berastagi 4543:Lake Toba 4497:Banjarese 4316:8,360,894 4305:6,621,831 4269:Migration 4262:sex ratio 4183:9,466,963 4178:32,036.38 4095:UU 7/1956 4015:UU 7/1956 3975:UU 7/1956 3951:Limapuluh 3935:UU 5/2007 3897:UU 7/1956 3831:Pematang- 3815:UU 7/1956 3787:1,035,920 3775:UU 7/1956 3751:Kabanjahe 3735:UU 7/1956 3717:Very High 3707:2,474,166 3704:2,435,252 3701:2,097,610 3667:2,018,164 3664:1,931,441 3661:1,790,431 3655:UU 7/1956 3615:UU 9/1956 3587:1,066,711 3584:1,030,202 3575:UU 7/1956 3547:estimate 3419:Lake Toba 3402:3,337,892 3397:3,195,324 3392:2,759,017 3387:34,234.69 3184:UU 7/1956 3144:UU 7/1956 3104:UU 7/1956 3064:UU 9/2003 3024:UU 7/1956 2904:UU 9/2003 2864:UU 4/1964 2836:estimate 2533:UU 9/2003 2495:UU 7/1956 2429:estimate 2370:West Nias 2336:Tano Niha 2332:Omo Sebua 2244:Sidempuan 2029:Batu Bara 1916:districts 1903:kabupaten 1898:regencies 1724:Lake Toba 1682:Geography 1582:rally in 1549:declared 1450:Padri War 1377:Padri War 1299:July 2024 1270:does not 1217:Srivijaya 1195:Lake Toba 1114:Majapahit 1098:Srivijaya 1024:July 2024 974:Taiwanese 805:Lake Toba 712:Indonesia 679:sumutprov 557:(nominal) 528:Time zone 213:Indonesia 8907:Lists by 8895:de facto 8766:Sulawesi 8603:Bengkulu 8322:Batubara 8192:Selangor 7742:Archived 7614:July 18, 7549:29477183 7478:23630269 7414:July 17, 7277:(2014). 6896:July 12, 6870:July 12, 6793:: 1–13. 6691:(2023). 6673:(2023). 6589:See also 6482:Seaports 6412:Thailand 6382:Airports 6352:Tarutung 6235:regency. 6176:Lagundri 5985:Industry 5837:dishes. 5835:Mie Aceh 5827:Acehnese 5807:Martabak 5795:Chai Pao 5744:Malaysia 5677:dog meat 5565:Culinary 5294:Javanese 5257:Gurdwara 5141:Parmalim 5130:Hinduism 5110:Buddhism 5072:Parmalim 5062:Hinduism 5052:Buddhism 5044:(30.93%) 5034:(66.64%) 5017:Religion 5005:and the 4991:Javanese 4789:Javanese 4553:groups ( 4487:Acehnese 4439:(32.41%) 4437:Javanese 4429:(44.75%) 4401:Source: 4275:Rohingya 4138:3,596.00 4098:2,561.38 4058:3,545.80 3978:3,732.97 3860:1,900.22 3778:4,372.50 3738:2,127.25 3658:2,497.72 3578:6,263.29 3549:mid-2023 3514:city or 3507:city or 3484:Batubara 3347:6,620.70 3320:Sibuhuan 3307:3,912.18 3267:3,945.56 3187:4,335.35 3107:2,194.98 3067:2,502.71 3040:Tarutung 3027:3,793.71 2987:2,021.80 2947:1,444.25 2907:1,365.60 2867:1,927.80 2838:mid-2023 2803:city or 2796:city or 2652:5,573.27 2576:1,242.14 2536:2,487.99 2431:mid-2023 2396:city or 2389:city or 2227:Tapanuli 2201:Tapanuli 2190:Tapanuli 2053:Pematang 1920:villages 1886:governor 1702:and the 1510:Javanese 1361:Portugal 1346:Tapanuli 1176:Hinduism 1132:Buddhist 1108:epic by 937:through 933:and the 840:Darodaro 807:, which 783:Javanese 744:Malaysia 708:province 513:Javanese 476:Hinduism 470:Buddhism 420:Javanese 301:Governor 156:Province 134:Province 8613:Lampung 8585:Sumatra 8568:current 8564:Jakarta 8560:Capital 8489:Sibolga 8407:Samosir 8362:Langkat 7527:Bibcode 7469:3657767 7446:Bibcode 7409:Science 7390:4364788 7370:Bibcode 7261:3350656 7006:May 11, 6806:July 4, 6760:. 2019. 6738:July 4, 6655:July 4, 6649:1102001 6563:Divre I 6490:, near 6488:Belawan 6469:Sibolga 6365:sturdy. 6305:, is a 6226:Sibolga 6184:Sibolga 6133:Parapat 6074:Tourism 6041:Belawan 6024:AG and 5953:Banking 5841:Economy 5775:Cha Sio 5740:Jakarta 5604:Pelleng 5596:Saksang 5581:Saksang 5535:songket 5527:weaving 5370:dance. 5360:Gendang 5356:Kulcapi 5348:kompang 5336:Gondang 5325:Gondang 5286:Chinese 5268:Culture 5165:Langkat 5134:Sikhism 5080:Sikhism 5064:(0.10%) 5054:(2.29%) 4902:Tor-tor 4873:Sibolga 4845:Chinese 4839:Langkat 4829:Kisaran 4765:Langkat 4706:Sibolga 4668:Langkat 4642:Samosir 4619:Angkola 4565:). The 4535:Angkola 4509:(0.56%) 4499:(0.77%) 4489:(1.03%) 4479:(2.58%) 4469:(3.63%) 4467:Chinese 4459:(5.97%) 4449:(7.05%) 4278:months. 4265:women. 4155:0.721 ( 4147:330,797 4144:314,094 4141:277,673 4115:0.729 ( 4107:513,826 4104:493,899 4101:415,248 4075:0.727 ( 4067:401,863 4064:381,994 4061:330,701 4035:0.698 ( 4027:183,170 4024:176,027 4021:154,445 3995:0.711 ( 3991:Kisaran 3987:802,563 3984:769,960 3981:668,272 3955:0.695 ( 3947:430,533 3944:410,678 3941:375,885 3915:0.761 ( 3909:178,914 3906:172,838 3903:145,248 3877:0.712 ( 3869:682,918 3866:657,490 3863:594,383 3837:0.797 ( 3833:siantar 3827:274,838 3824:268,254 3821:234,698 3795:0.737 ( 3784:990,246 3781:817,720 3755:0.753 ( 3747:420,799 3744:388,969 3741:350,960 3715:0.817 ( 3675:0.761 ( 3635:0.769 ( 3627:303,272 3624:291,842 3621:246,154 3595:0.718 ( 3581:967,535 3552:Capital 3533:census 3516:regency 3509:regency 3502:Wilayah 3364:0.680 ( 3356:496,975 3353:472,886 3350:404,945 3324:0.695 ( 3316:275,648 3313:261,011 3310:225,259 3284:0.709 ( 3276:275,448 3273:260,720 3270:223,531 3244:0.760 ( 3236:236,217 3233:225,105 3230:191,531 3204:0.709 ( 3200:Sipirok 3196:312,540 3193:300,911 3190:263,815 3164:0.747 ( 3160:Sibolga 3124:0.703 ( 3116:386,895 3113:365,177 3110:311,232 3084:0.703 ( 3076:204,700 3073:197,751 3070:171,650 3044:0.741 ( 3036:323,102 3033:318,424 3030:279,257 3004:0.759 ( 2996:213,850 2993:206,199 2990:173,129 2964:0.716 ( 2956:141,333 2953:136,441 2950:119,653 2924:0.688 ( 2884:0.725 ( 2876:324,747 2873:308,764 2870:270,053 2841:Capital 2822:census 2805:regency 2798:regency 2791:Wilayah 2725:Sumatra 2667:930,294 2662:880,550 2657:756,338 2629:0.629 ( 2591:0.637 ( 2585:155,873 2582:147,274 2579:127,244 2553:0.631 ( 2545:382,539 2542:360,531 2539:289,708 2513:0.639 ( 2507:153,658 2504:146,672 2501:131,377 2475:0.702 ( 2469:142,890 2466:136,017 2463:126,202 2434:Capital 2415:census 2398:regency 2391:regency 2384:Wilayah 2216:Sibolga 2199:Central 2177:Humbang 2168:Samosir 2102:Labuhan 2055:Siantar 1992:Bedagai 1990:Serdang 1981:Serdang 1970:Langkat 1858:de jure 1751:Berhala 1728:caldera 1696:Sumatra 1547:Sukarno 1535:Sibolga 1514:Chinese 1474:Langkat 1466:Serdang 1420:Batavia 1416:Malacca 1385:Serdang 1291:removed 1276:sources 1231:animism 1172:animism 1130:, is a 1128:Portibi 1090:camphor 905:Barumun 826:History 779:Chinese 716:Sumatra 706:, is a 674:Website 662:0.727 ( 517:Hokkien 462:33.99% 456:63.36% 426:Chinese 272:Capital 239:99°00′E 94:scholar 8817:Maluku 8665:Banten 8464:Binjai 8456:Cities 8317:Asahan 8236: 8223: 8130:Penang 8107: 8094: 7929:May 5, 7903:May 5, 7877: 7869: 7718:May 5, 7547: 7476: 7466: 7388: 7362:Nature 7285: 7259: 7184: 7121: 7074: 6996:Wacana 6974: 6947: 6831: 6758:kompas 6544:Langsa 6418:, and 6362:Lingga 6193:style. 6137:Balige 5966:Mining 5879:Energy 5870: 5864: 5858: 5852: 5821:. The 5787:Bakpao 5767:Lemang 5701:Pakkat 5658:warung 5640:Minang 5460:landek 5447:Dances 5418:Lingga 5414:tersek 5410:Jambur 5364:Landek 5352:violin 5290:Indian 5261:Binjai 5187:Balige 5145:Pemena 5120:Taoism 5076:Pemena 5070: 5068: 5060: 5058: 5050: 5048: 5040: 5038: 5030: 5028: 4861:Stabat 4853:Binjai 4825:Indian 4801:Asahan 4769:Asahan 4648:, and 4615:Pakpak 4579:Indian 4531:Pakpak 4513: 4507:Indian 4505: 4503: 4495: 4493: 4485: 4483: 4475: 4473: 4465: 4463: 4455: 4453: 4445: 4443: 4435: 4433: 4425: 4423: 4363:+11.4% 4330:+22.7% 4319:+26.3% 4168:Totals 4037:Medium 3957:Medium 3938:887.88 3698:281.99 3631:Binjai 3591:Stabat 3540:census 3531:Pop'n 3377:Totals 3366:Medium 3326:Medium 3227:159.28 3156:91,265 3153:89,584 3150:84,481 3120:Pandan 3000:Balige 2926:Medium 2916:55,172 2913:52,351 2910:40,481 2834:Pop'n 2829:census 2827:Pop'n 2820:Pop'n 2642:Totals 2631:Medium 2626:Lahomi 2623:95,334 2620:89,994 2617:81,807 2614:520.34 2593:Medium 2555:Medium 2515:Medium 2498:853.44 2460:469.36 2427:Pop'n 2422:census 2413:Pop'n 2242:Padang 2148:Padang 2137:Padang 2075:Bharat 2073:Pakpak 2038:Asahan 1956:Binjai 1908:cities 1791:sulfur 1518:Indian 1516:, and 1462:Asahan 1427:Penang 1389:Asahan 1367:, and 1357:Melaka 1219:. 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