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ceased trading in 1961 after a failed television advertising campaign but its demise is thought to be linked to the launch of the moulded
Subbuteo players. There were several further evolutions of figure design. In 1978 the "zombie" figure was introduced to facilitate the machine painting of figures. After much negative feedback, the zombie figure was replaced in 1980 by the "lightweight" figure that continued until the 1990s when Hasbro acquired Waddingtons Games, which owned Subbuteo.
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In its early years, Subbuteo had a fierce rivalry with
Newfooty. In the run-up to Christmas 1961, Adolph introduced a three-dimensional handpainted plastic figure into the range. After several design modifications, this figure evolved by 1967 into the classic "heavyweight" figure pictured. Newfooty
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buttons for the early set bases. No pitch was provided: instead, the purchaser was given instructions on how to mark out (with chalk, provided) a playing area on to a blanket (an old army blanket was recommended). The first sets were eventually available in March 1947, several months after the
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and it returned to the shops with a new style of three-dimensional rubber figures, launching
Subbuteo into its eighth decade of production. Subbuteo also made other things for the collector, such as stands to create a stadium, cups, crowds, policemen and much more.
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first announced
Subbuteo's availability and offered to send details, but sets were not available until March 1947. According to rumours, after the early adverts, orders started to pour in as Adolph set about converting his patent idea into a deliverable product.
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original advertisement appeared. The first figures were made of flat cardboard cut out of a long strip. Later these card players came in press-out strips before being replaced with two-dimensional celluloid figures, known to collectors as "flats".
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ball, cardboard playing figures in two basic kits (red shirts with white shorts, and blue shirts with white shorts) and bases made from buttons weighed down with lead washers. The story is that Peter found one of his mother's coat buttons and used
1966:
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Players in national team colours from the late 1980s. The main figure is in the colours of the reference 457 Argentina team, while the figure in the foreground is in the colours of the reference 410 Brazil
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relaunched
Subbuteo in 2005 with flat photorealistic card-style figures on bases, rather than three-dimensional figures. The relaunch was not a success and was again discontinued.
632:, unpainted models are also available. There are also many additional accessories, such as new balls and goals, special figures for free kicks and throw-ins, stands and crowd,
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After Hasbro bought
Waddington Games in 1994, Subbuteo sales declined from about 150,000 sets per year to 3,000 in 2002 and just 500 sets in 2003, when production was stopped.
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is in effect, but only pertaining to figures that are forward of the opposing team's shooting line (as opposed to the half-way line, as in actual football).
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gave the game a rating of 95% and said "Goliath have managed to distill the essential elements of the original game and transfer them across to the Amiga."
475:, a table football game that had been invented in 1929 by William Lane Keeling of Liverpool. He made numerous improvements, including changing the heavy
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There is a
Subbuteo World Cup competition. In 2024, it was hosted by Royal Tunbridge Wells to commemorate the town being the birthplace of the game.
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471:. Searching for a new business opportunity he turned his attention to creating a new table-top football game. He adapted his game from
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Hundreds of team kits and accessories are available, almost all representing real teams, with the exception of comic book team
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and skill in flicking the playing figures, which stand on weighted bases, across the tabletop pitch towards the ball.
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bases under the model players to lighter materials, using for his prototype a button from his mother's coat and a
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player. The other two are as originally painted, reference 6 in yellow and ref 65 in white, representing
England
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The first
Subbuteo sets, known as the Assembly Outfits, consisted of goals made of wire with paper nets, a
2047:"Table-topping star of the big flick-off: Uncovering the bizarre playboy lifestyle of Subbuteo's inventor"
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2361:"The Subbuteo story: How a war veteran-cum-egg-collector invented Britain's legendary tabletop favourite"
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Italics denote places in East Sussex included as they are generally considered part of
Tunbridge Wells.
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The Independent Subbuteo Forum is the main Subbuteo reference website and message board in the UK.
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players the player figures were individually hand painted by local outworkers in their own homes.
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Heavy weight players from the 1970s. The one on the left is a customised figurine representing an
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While most closely associated with the football game, versions of Subbuteo based on other
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for the game, which was not finalised until May 1947. The August 1946 edition of
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by flicking miniature players with their fingers. The name is derived from the
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was not granted to its creator Peter Adolph (1916–1994) to call the game "
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Federation of International Subbuteo Associations (FISA 1979-1996).
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Heritage plaque commemorating Peter Adolph's Subbuteo factory in
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2198:"Why Hasbro chose a little-known Hong Kong company for Subbuteo"
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A digital version was released by Goliath Games in 1990 for the
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2272:-egg-collector invented Britain's legendary tabletop favourite"
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The rules are designed to correspond closely with those of
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Subbuteo was invented by Peter Adolph (1916–1994), who was
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European Tablesoccer (Football) Federation (ETF 1963-1993)
2228:"New Subbuteo owner reveals exciting plans for the brand"
2168:"Subbuteo: Wayne Rooney, as you've never seen him before"
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Here are the previous winners of the Subbuteo World Cup.
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1973:
FISTF lays down the playing rules of Table Football.
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1943:) was founded on 16 June 1992 in Hamburg (Germany).
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2321:"Garden shed helping players prepare for World Cup"
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137:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
2481:Teenage Flicks: Memories of the Sub-Beautiful Game
581:Subbuteo is a registered trademark of Hasbro Inc.
1967:Federation of International Subbuteo Associations
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605:Playing Subbuteo is a physical simulation of
486:In August 1946 Peter Adolph filed an outline
529:Early production of Subbuteo was centred in
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644:and policemen, floodlights and TV cameras.
53:Learn how and when to remove these messages
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2751:List of people from Royal Tunbridge Wells
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215:Learn how and when to remove this message
197:Learn how and when to remove this message
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90:of all important aspects of the article.
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574:In 2020, Hasbro awarded the licence to
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86:Please consider expanding the lead to
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2841:Tunbridge Wells Girls' Grammar School
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2542:Subbuteo instructions in 12 languages
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2234:from the original on 18 December 2020
2208:from the original on 16 November 2020
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566:In 2012, Hasbro licensed Subbuteo to
537:in Kent. Following the advent of the
2178:from the original on 30 October 2020
2157:
2133:Famous Brand Names and Their Origins
135:adding citations to reliable sources
106:
59:
18:
2405:
2319:McBride, Mike (20 September 2024).
2246:
2045:Hodkinson, Mark (16 October 2006).
1937:International Sports Table Football
13:
2552:Greats of the past: Michael M Dent
2434:
2367:from the original on 16 April 2023
2300:from the original on 16 April 2023
2130:Martin, Kathy (19 February 2017).
16:Tabletop association football game
14:
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2393:from the original on 7 March 2024
620:. Along with major teams such as
34:This article has multiple issues.
2443:Fifty Years of Flicking Football
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2290:"Memories of a Subbuteo Player"
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1957:European Tablesoccer Federation
391:game in which players simulate
122:needs additional citations for
78:may be too short to adequately
42:or discuss these issues on the
3148:Board games introduced in 1947
2667:King Charles the Martyr Church
2534:The Independent Subbuteo Forum
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88:provide an accessible overview
1:
2949:Tunbridge Wells Half Marathon
2944:Tunbridge Wells Football Club
2723:Freight Transport Association
2548:, Subbuteo Blog and News Site
2387:"Our Organization < FISTF"
2031:
1976:
2939:Tunbridge Wells Cricket Club
2934:Tunbridge Wells Cricket Week
2836:Tunbridge Wells Boys Grammar
2788:Tunbridge Wells constituency
2756:Disgusted of Tunbridge Wells
2702:Tunbridge Wells West station
7:
2860:Sport, leisure and the arts
2483:. Dexter Haven Publishing.
2014:
584:
10:
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3173:Borough of Tunbridge Wells
2954:Tunbridge Wells Rugby Club
2412:Dillon, Tony (June 1990).
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2772:List of places of worship
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2594:
2414:"Screen Scene - Subbuteo"
2347:"Hall of Fame < FISTF"
2294:FootballIsComingHome.info
440:have also been produced.
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2904:Linden Park Cricket Club
2894:Ice Melters Curling Club
2662:Kent and Sussex Hospital
2462:Growing Up with Subbuteo
1931:
3153:Games of physical skill
2794:Tunbridge Wells borough
2729:Kent and Sussex Courier
2697:Tunbridge Wells station
2479:Willetts, Paul (2008).
2441:Payne, Richard (1996).
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409:commonly known as the
2867:Assembly Hall Theatre
2851:The Skinners' Academy
2588:Royal Tunbridge Wells
2460:Adolph, Mark (2006).
2445:. Yore Publications.
1924:Royal Tunbridge Wells
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593:Subbuteo inside packs
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535:Royal Tunbridge Wells
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454:Royal Tunbridge Wells
451:
3067:Escape from Atlantis
2809:Schools and colleges
2672:Royal Victoria Place
649:association football
607:association football
393:association football
131:improve this article
2652:Holy Trinity Church
2640:High Brooms station
231:
2919:Spa Valley Railway
2363:. 16 August 2021.
2074:"Subbuteo Cricket"
659:Subbuteo World Cup
603:
595:
551:
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488:patent application
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229:
3163:Waddingtons games
3135:
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2657:Hungershall Forge
2426:. pp. 32–35.
2278:. 16 August 2021.
2256:. September 2010.
2174:. 15 March 2005.
2136:. Pen and Sword.
2110:"Subbuteo Hockey"
1929:
1928:
618:Melchester Rovers
467:after the end of
389:tabletop football
329:
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273:Tabletop football
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3158:Miniatures games
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2914:South East Today
2821:Bennett Memorial
2682:St Paul's Church
2677:St Mark's Church
2595:Locations within
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2507:Official website
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2296:. 22 June 2013.
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2204:. 10 June 2020.
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2800:Local elections
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2692:The Opera House
2646:High Rocks halt
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2597:Tunbridge Wells
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2546:Subbuteo Online
2505:
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2491:
2472:
2464:. SportsBooks.
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2437:
2435:Further reading
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298:20–30 minutes
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187:February 2021
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151:
148: –
147:
143:
142:Find sources:
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120:This article
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108:
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96:February 2021
89:
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30:
21:
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3168:Hasbro games
3111:
2980:
2881:
2831:St Gregory's
2796:(since 1974)
2790:(since 1974)
2734:
2727:
2645:
2624:The Pantiles
2523:
2480:
2461:
2442:
2417:
2407:
2395:. Retrieved
2381:
2369:. Retrieved
2355:
2341:
2331:20 September
2329:. Retrieved
2323:. BBC News.
2314:
2302:. Retrieved
2293:
2284:
2275:
2269:
2262:
2253:
2248:
2236:. Retrieved
2222:
2210:. Retrieved
2201:
2192:
2180:. Retrieved
2171:
2147:. Retrieved
2132:
2113:
2104:
2095:
2086:
2077:
2068:
2056:. Retrieved
2050:
2040:
2006:
1999:Commodore 64
1980:
1972:
1945:
1935:
1522:Rain am Lech
1404:Les Herbiers
894:
744:West Germany
722:West Germany
665:
662:
646:
615:
609:, involving
604:
580:
573:
568:Eleven Force
565:
559:
556:
552:
528:
512:
491:
485:
469:World War II
458:
423:
407:bird of prey
400:
331:
330:
295:Playing time
253:Peter Adolph
226:
211:
193:
184:
174:
167:
160:
153:
141:
129:Please help
124:verification
121:
93:
77:
75:lead section
50:
43:
37:
36:Please help
33:
3042:Air Charter
3021:Waddingtons
2609:High Brooms
2003:ZX Spectrum
1995:Amstrad CPC
1476:Netherlands
897:Switzerland
764:Netherlands
684:Runners-up
653:offside law
630:Real Madrid
426:team sports
413:), after a
263:Hasbro Inc.
3142:Categories
2963:Twin towns
2883:High Rocks
2711:Businesses
2604:Hawkenbury
2471:1899807403
2452:187442702X
2238:1 December
2212:1 December
2182:1 December
2149:1 February
2032:References
1977:Video game
1604:Manchester
1203:Birmingham
287:Setup time
259:Publishers
157:newspapers
146:"Subbuteo"
39:improve it
3122:Travel Go
3077:Formula 1
3052:Buccaneer
3047:Black Box
3037:4000 A.D.
2970:Wiesbaden
2889:The Forum
2846:K College
2816:Beechwood
2781:Political
2633:Buildings
2529:MobyGames
2058:12 August
2052:The Times
1946:Merging:
1844:Gibraltar
1838:Gibraltar
1804:Elancourt
1764:Frameries
1684:Rochefort
1482:Rotterdam
1243:Cottonera
1043:Silkeborg
843:Barcelona
678:Location
642:streakers
638:ball-boys
611:dexterity
576:Longshore
523:Woolworth
515:cellulose
507:AS Monaco
463:from the
415:trademark
397:Neo-Latin
325:, tactics
323:Dexterity
311:Age range
290:2 minutes
248:Designers
80:summarize
45:talk page
3117:Totopoly
3112:Subbuteo
3087:Monopoly
2765:Religion
2735:Subbuteo
2619:Rusthall
2524:Subbuteo
2514:Subbuteo
2419:CU Amiga
2391:Archived
2371:16 April
2365:Archived
2325:Archived
2304:16 April
2298:Archived
2232:Archived
2206:Archived
2176:Archived
2015:See also
2008:CU Amiga
1987:Atari ST
1562:Palmeiro
1364:Dortmund
1157:Portugal
1057:Portugal
681:Winners
634:linesmen
585:Gameplay
539:OO scale
473:Newfooty
461:demobbed
428:such as
332:Subbuteo
314:8 and up
306:Very low
230:Subbuteo
3057:Careers
2397:7 March
1918:England
1818:Belgium
1778:Austria
1758:Belgium
1678:Belgium
1598:England
1516:Germany
1456:England
1438:Austria
1358:Germany
1324:Tournai
1318:Belgium
1283:Bologna
1217:Belgium
1197:England
1117:Austria
1097:Belgium
1077:Belgium
1037:Denmark
1017:Belgium
977:Belgium
963:Chicago
817:Belgium
799:England
779:England
702:England
622:Chelsea
533:, near
518:acetate
444:History
430:cricket
387:) is a
384:-tee-oh
279:Players
171:scholar
3107:Sorry!
3102:Scoop!
3072:Equals
3062:Cluedo
2744:People
2487:
2468:
2449:
2140:
2001:, and
1991:MS-DOS
1969:(FISA)
1915:
1895:
1875:
1855:
1835:
1815:
1798:France
1795:
1775:
1755:
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1695:
1675:
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1644:Madrid
1635:
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1443:Vienna
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877:Greece
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804:London
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750:Munich
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708:London
699:
628:, and
561:Hasbro
481:washer
438:hockey
319:Skills
303:Chance
282:2 or 4
269:Genres
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3127:Whot!
3029:Games
1983:Amiga
1941:FISTF
1932:FISTF
1898:Spain
1878:Italy
1858:Italy
1738:Spain
1718:Italy
1698:Spain
1658:Spain
1638:Spain
1618:Spain
1576:Italy
1556:Italy
1536:Spain
1496:Italy
1418:Italy
1378:Italy
1338:Italy
1298:Italy
1277:Italy
1257:Italy
1237:Malta
1177:Italy
1137:Italy
1083:Namur
1003:Paris
917:Italy
857:Italy
837:Spain
675:Host
672:Year
434:rugby
419:Hobby
382:(Y)OO
178:JSTOR
164:books
3097:Risk
2485:ISBN
2466:ISBN
2447:ISBN
2424:EMAP
2399:2024
2373:2023
2333:2024
2306:2023
2240:2020
2214:2020
2184:2020
2151:2017
2138:ISBN
2060:2007
1905:2024
1884:Rome
1865:2022
1825:2018
1785:2017
1745:2016
1705:2015
1665:2014
1625:2013
1585:2012
1543:2011
1503:2010
1463:2009
1425:2008
1385:2007
1345:2006
1305:2005
1264:2004
1224:2003
1184:2002
1144:2001
1104:2000
1064:1998
1024:1996
984:1994
944:1994
923:Rome
904:1990
864:1986
824:1982
786:1978
731:1974
689:1970
549:team
492:The
477:lead
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380:sub-
150:news
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2270:cum
1961:ETF
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