42:
288:
248:
represents a major challenge in eradication therapy but the responsible bacterial genomic markers can be detected in stool using PCR technology and thus can guide the prescription of the appropriate antibiotics to specific patients.
511:
65:
is a medical diagnostic technique that involves the collection and analysis of fecal matter. Microbial analysis (culturing), microscopy and chemical tests are among the tests performed on stool samples.
196:
A multi-target stool DNA test was approved in August 2014 by the FDA as a screening test for non-symptomatic, average-risk adults 50 years or older. A 2017 study found this testing to be less
46:
Transport vials filled with human feces for stool testing. Yellow and blue tops for parasite testing, red top for stool cultures and the white top was provided by the patient with the sample.
519:
234:
can be diagnosed by examining stools under a microscope for the presence of worm larvae or eggs. Some bacterial diseases can be detected with a stool culture. Toxins from bacteria such as
691:
Mommersteeg MC, Nieuwenburg SA, Wolters LM, Roovers BH, van Vuuren HA, Verhaar AP, Bruno MJ, Kuipers EJ, Peppelenbosch MP, Spaander MC, Fuhler GM (November 2023).
244:
can also be found in stools. Other stool tests involve the detection of antibiotic resistance as to guide appropriate therapy, e.g. Clarithromycin resistance of
542:
787:
190:
1688:
123:. The American College of Gastroenterology has recommended the abandoning of gFOBT testing as a colorectal cancer screening tool, in favor of the
74:
Stool samples should be sent to the laboratory as soon as possible after collection and should not be refrigerated prior to by the laboratory.
1459:
1420:
638:"Screening for Colorectal Cancer Using a Multitarget Stool DNA Test: Modeling the Effect of the Intertest Interval on Clinical Effectiveness"
1485:
1063:
823:
200:
compared to colonoscopy or fecal occult blood testing. Three-year multi-target stool DNA test has been estimated to cost $ 11,313 per
1490:
780:
154:) that are ulcerated or rubbed by passing stool also may shed blood into the stool, which can be identified by a hemoglobin assay.
1226:
186:
1383:
150:
Cancers, and to a lesser extent, precancerous lesions, shed abnormal cells into the stool. Cancers and precancerous lesions (
938:
773:
987:
185:
is no longer recommended due to the high false-positive rate as well as the dietary and pharmaceutical restrictions. The
162:
1425:
693:"The use of non-invasive stool tests for verification of Helicobacter pylori eradication and clarithromycin resistance"
1683:
1678:
17:
236:
82:
The patient and/or health care worker in the office or at the bedside is able to make some important observations.
1216:
169:
every year, or a multi-target stool DNA test for every three years from the age of 45. Other options include a
923:
874:
1305:
1049:
897:
765:
1571:
1290:
1117:
994:
814:
559:
637:
366:"American College of Gastroenterology guidelines for colorectal cancer screening 2009 [corrected]"
1480:
1315:
859:
1388:
1310:
1178:
1037:
201:
1576:
1366:
1280:
1188:
1107:
879:
869:
166:
124:
108:
1670:
1525:
1183:
864:
806:
560:"FDA approves first non-invasive DNA screening test for colorectal cancer [press release]"
1619:
1535:
1160:
918:
182:
158:
112:
104:
1649:
1464:
928:
797:
756:
1624:
1554:
1410:
1004:
965:
742:
1724:
1693:
1221:
111:
are the most common stool tests to diagnose many conditions that caused by bleeding in the
8:
1596:
1520:
1415:
1320:
1295:
1211:
1206:
1150:
945:
350:
306:
262:
245:
174:
93:
719:
692:
1090:
933:
613:
586:
488:
461:
395:
301:
1656:
1540:
1502:
1348:
1258:
1080:
972:
913:
724:
659:
618:
493:
439:
387:
140:
116:
1660:
1497:
903:
714:
704:
649:
608:
598:
543:"Healthcare Effectiveness Data and Information Set 2017 Volume 2: Technical Update"
483:
473:
429:
377:
364:
Rex DK, Johnson DA, Anderson JC, Schoenfeld PS, Burke CA, Inadomi JM (March 2009).
227:
151:
399:
1698:
1475:
1471:
1454:
1449:
1236:
1132:
1122:
1097:
1085:
1072:
1024:
434:
417:
293:
193:(HEDIS) for 2017, while the guideline remains for the patients aged 50 or over.
92:
Classify type of feces (diagnostic triad for irritable bowel syndrome) based on
1703:
1530:
1393:
1338:
1044:
1014:
908:
849:
832:
677:
654:
512:"American Cancer Society recommendations for colorectal cancer early detection"
213:
197:
120:
1718:
1614:
1343:
1273:
1009:
844:
795:
325:
258:
170:
276:
Faecal elastase levels are becoming the mainstay of pancreatitis diagnosis.
1591:
1405:
1300:
1285:
1140:
728:
663:
622:
497:
443:
391:
1581:
1437:
1400:
1268:
1263:
1248:
1112:
999:
982:
960:
950:
854:
587:"Comparative effectiveness of screening strategies for colorectal cancer"
552:
382:
365:
266:
178:
136:
1644:
1586:
1563:
1198:
977:
955:
709:
603:
219:
478:
1441:
1244:
1155:
1145:
1102:
1032:
836:
270:
241:
690:
540:
1512:
1253:
231:
223:
41:
889:
1606:
1170:
128:
1375:
418:"Stool screening for colorectal cancer: molecular approaches"
363:
144:
132:
462:"Non-Invasive Colorectal Cancer Screening: An Overview"
584:
240:("C. diff.") can also be identified. Viruses such as
585:
Barzi A, Lenz HJ, Quinn DI, Sadeghi S (1 May 2017).
283:
273:test, which checks for the malabsorption of fat.
191:Healthcare Effectiveness Data and Information Set
127:(FIT). The newer and recommended tests look for
1716:
411:
409:
635:
165:recommended colorectal cancer screening with a
415:
1421:Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt
822:
781:
757:"MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia: Fecal fat"
406:
177:(CT colonography) for every five years or a
318:
1071:
788:
774:
541:National Committee for Quality Assurance.
40:
1562:
718:
708:
653:
612:
602:
487:
477:
433:
381:
1227:Transanal hemorrhoidal dearterialization
459:
370:The American Journal of Gastroenterology
187:National Committee for Quality Assurance
55:diagnose if medical condition is present
1384:Artificial extracorporeal liver support
14:
1717:
743:"Stool Acidity Test - MedicineNet.com"
578:
769:
636:Berger BM, Shroy PC, Dinh TA (2015).
207:
77:
939:Vertical banded gastroplasty surgery
455:
453:
988:Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy
796:Tests and procedures involving the
204:(QALY) compared with no screening.
163:U.S. Preventive Services Task Force
135:, or other blood factors including
99:
27:Medical examination of fecal matter
24:
1426:Distal splenorenal shunt procedure
25:
1736:
450:
265:or the presence of an infection.
252:
351:"Fecal Occult Blood Test (FOBT)"
286:
1217:Lateral internal sphincterotomy
749:
735:
697:United European Gastroenterol J
684:
670:
629:
460:Tepus M, Yau TO (20 May 2020).
416:Osborn NK, Ahlquist DA (2005).
189:(NCQA) issued an update to the
924:Endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty
875:Functional Lumen Imaging Probe
534:
504:
357:
343:
326:"Approach to stool microscopy"
13:
1:
1306:Lower gastrointestinal series
1050:Upper gastrointestinal series
312:
69:
1572:Diagnostic peritoneal lavage
1291:Double-contrast barium enema
1118:Partial ileal bypass surgery
995:Esophagogastric dissociation
564:Food and Drug Administration
435:10.1053/j.gastro.2004.10.041
7:
1389:Bioartificial liver devices
1316:Transrectal ultrasonography
279:
218:Parasitic diseases such as
10:
1741:
1311:Small-bowel follow-through
1179:Abdominoperineal resection
1038:Esophagogastroduodenoscopy
655:10.1016/j.clcc.2015.12.003
642:Clinical Colorectal Cancer
211:
202:quality-adjusted life year
89:Texture/consistency—formed
1671:Clinical prediction rules
1669:
1637:
1605:
1577:Intraperitoneal injection
1553:
1511:
1436:
1374:
1365:
1329:
1281:Abdominal ultrasonography
1235:
1197:
1189:Total mesorectal excision
1169:
1131:
1108:Intestine transplantation
1062:
1023:
898:Sengstaken–Blakemore tube
888:
880:High resolution manometry
870:Esophageal motility study
831:
813:
804:
269:can be diagnosed using a
261:may be used to determine
167:fecal immunochemical test
125:fecal immunochemical test
109:fecal immunochemical test
51:
39:
34:
1526:Pancreas transplantation
1184:Lower anterior resection
865:Esophageal pH monitoring
807:Digestive system surgery
332:(in Persian). 2021-06-02
307:Calprotectin examination
1620:Inguinal hernia surgery
1536:Pancreaticoduodenectomy
919:Adjustable gastric band
860:Impedance–pH monitoring
466:Gastrointestinal Tumors
183:Fecal occult blood test
159:American Cancer Society
113:gastrointestinal system
105:Fecal occult blood test
1650:Exploratory laparotomy
1465:Hepatoportoenterostomy
929:Gastric bypass surgery
798:human digestive system
1625:Femoral hernia repair
1411:Liver transplantation
1005:Nissen fundoplication
237:Clostridium difficile
139:, while conventional
1222:Rubber band ligation
1161:Hartmann's operation
383:10.1038/ajg.2009.104
181:for every 10 years.
1597:Peritoneal dialysis
1416:Portal hypertension
1321:Virtual colonoscopy
1296:Endoanal ultrasound
1212:Anorectal manometry
1207:Anal sphincterotomy
1151:Colonic polypectomy
946:Collis gastroplasty
263:lactose intolerance
246:Helicobacter pylori
175:virtual colonoscopy
94:Bristol stool scale
1091:Jejunoileal bypass
934:Sleeve gastrectomy
710:10.1002/ueg2.12473
604:10.1002/cncr.30518
522:on 3 December 2016
302:Rectal examination
208:Microbiology tests
141:stool guaiac tests
78:Visual examination
1712:
1711:
1657:Rapid urease test
1633:
1632:
1549:
1548:
1541:Puestow procedure
1503:Cholescintigraphy
1361:
1360:
1357:
1356:
1349:Stool guaiac test
1259:Capsule endoscopy
1081:Bariatric surgery
1058:
1057:
973:Gastroenterostomy
914:Bariatric surgery
566:. August 11, 2014
479:10.1159/000507701
117:colorectal cancer
59:
58:
18:Stool examination
16:(Redirected from
1732:
1694:Child–Pugh score
1661:Urea breath test
1560:
1559:
1521:Frey's procedure
1498:Cholecystography
1372:
1371:
1069:
1068:
904:Nasogastric tube
829:
828:
820:
819:
790:
783:
776:
767:
766:
761:
760:
753:
747:
746:
739:
733:
732:
722:
712:
688:
682:
681:
674:
668:
667:
657:
633:
627:
626:
616:
606:
597:(9): 1516–1527.
582:
576:
575:
573:
571:
556:
550:
549:
547:
538:
532:
531:
529:
527:
518:. Archived from
508:
502:
501:
491:
481:
457:
448:
447:
437:
422:Gastroenterology
413:
404:
403:
385:
361:
355:
354:
347:
341:
340:
338:
337:
322:
296:
291:
290:
289:
228:strongyloidiasis
100:Cancer screening
44:
32:
31:
21:
1740:
1739:
1735:
1734:
1733:
1731:
1730:
1729:
1715:
1714:
1713:
1708:
1699:Ranson criteria
1665:
1629:
1601:
1545:
1507:
1476:Cholangiography
1472:Medical imaging
1455:Cholecystostomy
1450:Cholecystectomy
1432:
1353:
1325:
1237:Medical imaging
1231:
1193:
1165:
1127:
1123:Strictureplasty
1098:Bowel resection
1086:Duodenal switch
1054:
1025:Medical imaging
1019:
884:
815:Digestive tract
809:
800:
794:
764:
755:
754:
750:
741:
740:
736:
703:(9): e894-903.
689:
685:
678:"Stool culture"
676:
675:
671:
634:
630:
583:
579:
569:
567:
558:
557:
553:
545:
539:
535:
525:
523:
510:
509:
505:
458:
451:
414:
407:
362:
358:
349:
348:
344:
335:
333:
324:
323:
319:
315:
294:Medicine portal
292:
287:
285:
282:
255:
216:
210:
102:
80:
72:
47:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1738:
1728:
1727:
1710:
1709:
1707:
1706:
1704:Milan criteria
1701:
1696:
1691:
1686:
1681:
1675:
1673:
1667:
1666:
1664:
1663:
1654:
1653:
1652:
1641:
1639:
1635:
1634:
1631:
1630:
1628:
1627:
1622:
1617:
1611:
1609:
1603:
1602:
1600:
1599:
1594:
1589:
1584:
1579:
1574:
1568:
1566:
1557:
1555:Abdominopelvic
1551:
1550:
1547:
1546:
1544:
1543:
1538:
1533:
1531:Pancreatectomy
1528:
1523:
1517:
1515:
1509:
1508:
1506:
1505:
1500:
1495:
1494:
1493:
1488:
1483:
1468:
1467:
1462:
1457:
1452:
1446:
1444:
1434:
1433:
1431:
1430:
1429:
1428:
1423:
1413:
1408:
1403:
1398:
1397:
1396:
1394:Liver dialysis
1391:
1380:
1378:
1369:
1363:
1362:
1359:
1358:
1355:
1354:
1352:
1351:
1346:
1341:
1339:Fecal fat test
1335:
1333:
1327:
1326:
1324:
1323:
1318:
1313:
1308:
1303:
1298:
1293:
1288:
1283:
1277:
1276:
1271:
1266:
1261:
1256:
1251:
1241:
1239:
1233:
1232:
1230:
1229:
1224:
1219:
1214:
1209:
1203:
1201:
1195:
1194:
1192:
1191:
1186:
1181:
1175:
1173:
1167:
1166:
1164:
1163:
1158:
1153:
1148:
1143:
1137:
1135:
1129:
1128:
1126:
1125:
1120:
1115:
1110:
1105:
1100:
1095:
1094:
1093:
1088:
1077:
1075:
1066:
1064:Lower GI tract
1060:
1059:
1056:
1055:
1053:
1052:
1047:
1045:Barium swallow
1042:
1041:
1040:
1029:
1027:
1021:
1020:
1018:
1017:
1015:Schilling test
1012:
1007:
1002:
997:
992:
991:
990:
980:
975:
970:
969:
968:
963:
958:
948:
943:
942:
941:
936:
931:
926:
921:
911:
909:Gastric lavage
906:
901:
894:
892:
886:
885:
883:
882:
877:
872:
867:
862:
857:
852:
850:Heller myotomy
847:
841:
839:
826:
824:Upper GI tract
817:
811:
810:
805:
802:
801:
793:
792:
785:
778:
770:
763:
762:
748:
734:
683:
669:
648:(3): e65–e74.
628:
577:
551:
533:
516:www.cancer.org
503:
449:
428:(1): 192–206.
405:
376:(3): 739–750.
356:
342:
316:
314:
311:
310:
309:
304:
298:
297:
281:
278:
254:
253:Chemical tests
251:
214:Kato technique
209:
206:
198:cost effective
121:stomach cancer
101:
98:
97:
96:
90:
87:
79:
76:
71:
68:
57:
56:
53:
49:
48:
45:
37:
36:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1737:
1726:
1723:
1722:
1720:
1705:
1702:
1700:
1697:
1695:
1692:
1690:
1687:
1685:
1682:
1680:
1677:
1676:
1674:
1672:
1668:
1662:
1658:
1655:
1651:
1648:
1647:
1646:
1643:
1642:
1640:
1636:
1626:
1623:
1621:
1618:
1616:
1615:Hernia repair
1613:
1612:
1610:
1608:
1604:
1598:
1595:
1593:
1590:
1588:
1585:
1583:
1580:
1578:
1575:
1573:
1570:
1569:
1567:
1565:
1561:
1558:
1556:
1552:
1542:
1539:
1537:
1534:
1532:
1529:
1527:
1524:
1522:
1519:
1518:
1516:
1514:
1510:
1504:
1501:
1499:
1496:
1492:
1489:
1487:
1484:
1482:
1479:
1478:
1477:
1473:
1470:
1469:
1466:
1463:
1461:
1458:
1456:
1453:
1451:
1448:
1447:
1445:
1443:
1439:
1435:
1427:
1424:
1422:
1419:
1418:
1417:
1414:
1412:
1409:
1407:
1404:
1402:
1399:
1395:
1392:
1390:
1387:
1386:
1385:
1382:
1381:
1379:
1377:
1373:
1370:
1368:
1364:
1350:
1347:
1345:
1344:Fecal pH test
1342:
1340:
1337:
1336:
1334:
1332:
1328:
1322:
1319:
1317:
1314:
1312:
1309:
1307:
1304:
1302:
1299:
1297:
1294:
1292:
1289:
1287:
1284:
1282:
1279:
1278:
1275:
1274:Sigmoidoscopy
1272:
1270:
1267:
1265:
1262:
1260:
1257:
1255:
1252:
1250:
1246:
1243:
1242:
1240:
1238:
1234:
1228:
1225:
1223:
1220:
1218:
1215:
1213:
1210:
1208:
1205:
1204:
1202:
1200:
1196:
1190:
1187:
1185:
1182:
1180:
1177:
1176:
1174:
1172:
1168:
1162:
1159:
1157:
1154:
1152:
1149:
1147:
1144:
1142:
1139:
1138:
1136:
1134:
1130:
1124:
1121:
1119:
1116:
1114:
1111:
1109:
1106:
1104:
1101:
1099:
1096:
1092:
1089:
1087:
1084:
1083:
1082:
1079:
1078:
1076:
1074:
1070:
1067:
1065:
1061:
1051:
1048:
1046:
1043:
1039:
1036:
1035:
1034:
1031:
1030:
1028:
1026:
1022:
1016:
1013:
1011:
1010:Pyloromyotomy
1008:
1006:
1003:
1001:
998:
996:
993:
989:
986:
985:
984:
981:
979:
976:
974:
971:
967:
964:
962:
959:
957:
954:
953:
952:
949:
947:
944:
940:
937:
935:
932:
930:
927:
925:
922:
920:
917:
916:
915:
912:
910:
907:
905:
902:
899:
896:
895:
893:
891:
887:
881:
878:
876:
873:
871:
868:
866:
863:
861:
858:
856:
853:
851:
848:
846:
845:Esophagectomy
843:
842:
840:
838:
834:
830:
827:
825:
821:
818:
816:
812:
808:
803:
799:
791:
786:
784:
779:
777:
772:
771:
768:
758:
752:
744:
738:
730:
726:
721:
716:
711:
706:
702:
698:
694:
687:
679:
673:
665:
661:
656:
651:
647:
643:
639:
632:
624:
620:
615:
610:
605:
600:
596:
592:
588:
581:
565:
561:
555:
544:
537:
521:
517:
513:
507:
499:
495:
490:
485:
480:
475:
471:
467:
463:
456:
454:
445:
441:
436:
431:
427:
423:
419:
412:
410:
401:
397:
393:
389:
384:
379:
375:
371:
367:
360:
352:
346:
331:
327:
321:
317:
308:
305:
303:
300:
299:
295:
284:
277:
274:
272:
268:
264:
260:
259:fecal pH test
250:
247:
243:
239:
238:
233:
229:
225:
221:
215:
205:
203:
199:
194:
192:
188:
184:
180:
176:
172:
171:sigmoidoscopy
168:
164:
160:
155:
153:
148:
146:
142:
138:
134:
130:
126:
122:
118:
114:
110:
106:
95:
91:
88:
85:
84:
83:
75:
67:
64:
54:
50:
43:
38:
33:
30:
19:
1592:Paracentesis
1406:Liver biopsy
1330:
1301:Enteroclysis
1286:Defecography
1141:Appendectomy
751:
737:
700:
696:
686:
672:
645:
641:
631:
594:
590:
580:
568:. Retrieved
563:
554:
536:
524:. Retrieved
520:the original
515:
506:
472:(3): 62–73.
469:
465:
425:
421:
373:
369:
359:
345:
334:. Retrieved
329:
320:
275:
256:
235:
217:
195:
156:
149:
115:, including
103:
81:
73:
62:
60:
29:
1725:Stool tests
1582:Laparoscopy
1438:Gallbladder
1401:Hepatectomy
1331:Stool tests
1269:Proctoscopy
1264:Enteroscopy
1249:Colonoscopy
1133:Large bowel
1113:Jejunostomy
1073:Small bowel
1000:Hill repair
983:Gastrostomy
961:Billroth II
951:Gastrectomy
855:Sialography
267:Steatorrhea
179:colonoscopy
137:transferrin
1645:Laparotomy
1587:Omentopexy
1564:Peritoneum
1199:Anal canal
978:Gastropexy
956:Billroth I
336:2022-08-16
313:References
220:ascariasis
212:See also:
70:Collection
63:stool test
35:Stool test
1442:bile duct
1367:Accessory
1245:Endoscopy
1156:Colostomy
1146:Colectomy
1103:Ileostomy
1033:Endoscopy
966:Roux-en-Y
837:Esophagus
271:fecal fat
242:rotavirus
143:look for
1719:Category
1513:Pancreas
1254:Anoscopy
729:37854002
720:10637120
664:26792032
623:28117881
498:32903904
444:15633136
392:19240699
280:See also
232:whipworm
224:hookworm
161:and the
890:Stomach
614:6879196
570:30 June
526:14 July
489:7445682
330:medilib
52:Purpose
1607:Hernia
1171:Rectum
727:
717:
662:
621:
611:
591:Cancer
496:
486:
442:
400:295873
398:
390:
152:polyps
129:globin
1689:UKELD
1638:Other
1376:Liver
546:(PDF)
396:S2CID
86:Color
1684:PELD
1679:MELD
1486:MRCP
1460:ERCP
725:PMID
660:PMID
619:PMID
572:2015
528:2016
494:PMID
440:PMID
388:PMID
230:and
157:The
145:heme
107:and
1491:PTC
833:SGs
715:PMC
705:doi
650:doi
609:PMC
599:doi
595:123
484:PMC
474:doi
430:doi
426:128
378:doi
374:104
173:or
133:DNA
119:or
1721::
1659:/
1481:IV
1474::
1440:,
1247::
835:/
723:.
713:.
701:11
699:.
695:.
658:.
646:15
644:.
640:.
617:.
607:.
593:.
589:.
562:.
514:.
492:.
482:.
468:.
464:.
452:^
438:.
424:.
420:.
408:^
394:.
386:.
372:.
368:.
328:.
257:A
226:,
222:,
147:.
131:,
61:A
900:)
789:e
782:t
775:v
759:.
745:.
731:.
707::
680:.
666:.
652::
625:.
601::
574:.
548:.
530:.
500:.
476::
470:7
446:.
432::
402:.
380::
353:.
339:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
