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There are many definitions of steppes. For example, Allan (1946) provides fifty-four definitions of this term. Stamp and Clark (1979) define steppes as 'mid-latitude areas dominated by herbaceous vegetation and termed locally steppes, prairies, pampas, high veldts, downland,
216:
climate. Extremes can be recorded in the summer of up to 45 °C (115 °F) and in winter of down to −55 °C (−65 °F). Besides this major seasonal difference, fluctuations between day and night are also significant. In both the highlands of
987:
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by Manuel B.Morales, Santi Mañosa, Jordi
Camprodón, Gerard Bota. International Symposium on Ecology and Conservation of steppe-land birds. Lleida, Spain. December 2004.
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and feature hot summers and cold winters when located in mid-latitudes. In addition to the precipitation level, its combination with
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850:. Oxford regional environments. Vol. 3 (reprint ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press (published 2003). p. 248.
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this environment is typical of transition areas between zones with a
Mediterranean climate and true deserts, such as
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635:, subtropical steppe can be found in a belt surrounding the most severe deserts of the continent and around the
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The Horse, the Wheel, and
Language: How Bronze-Age Riders from the Eurasian Steppes Shaped the Modern World
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the critical era when innovative Proto-Indo-European dialects began to spread across the steppes.
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17:
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514:, a moderately sized temperate steppe region exists in the northern and northwest regions of
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956:(reprint ed.). Princeton: Princeton University Press (published 2010). p. 240.
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Subtropical steppe: a similar association of plants occurring in the driest areas with a
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844:
Chibilyov, Alexander (2002). "Steppe and Forest-steppe". In
Shahgedanova, Maria (ed.).
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2013:
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area also hosts the same steppe-like vegetation, such as the
Algerian-Moroccan
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915:"Ecoregions of the United States-Ecological Subregions of the United States"
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604:, a subtropical steppe can be found in semi-arid lands that fringe the
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This article is about the ecological zone type. For other uses, see
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994:. Greece: Hellenic National Meteorological Service. Archived from
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Relatively small steppe areas can be found in the interior of the
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on the map), acted as a passageway for cultures across the vast
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to have had a role in the spread of the horse, the wheel and
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The world's largest steppe region, often referred to as "the
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tropical and subtropical grasslands, savannas, and shrublands
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and much of the high elevation regions east of the southern
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Steppes average 250–500 mm (10–20 in) of annual
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201:, which is encountered in regions too dry to support a
522:. This area borders the semi-arid and arid Australian
542:
areas have a steppe-like vegetation, such as central
115:
570:), and places cut off from adequate moisture due to
212:
Steppes are usually characterized by a semi-arid or
124:
118:
271:It can also be classified by vegetation type, e.g.
2072:
526:which is found farther inland on the continent.
518:, extending to the southern and mid regions of
2091:Temperate grasslands, savannas, and shrublands
1477:
171:temperate grasslands, savannas, and shrublands
1463:
1072:
1021:Ecology and Conservation of Steppe-land Birds
299:, and neighbouring countries stretching from
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566:, especially the southeastern coast (around
48:Two types of steppes, classified by climate:
27:Ecoregion of plain grasslands without trees
1470:
1456:
1079:
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847:The Physical Geography of Northern Eurasia
904:
843:
946:
14:
2073:
477:, is an example of a steppe region in
453:steppe is the westernmost part of the
386:are largely dominated by cold steppe.
244:Steppe can be classified by climate:
1451:
1060:
881:
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374:in particular and also some parts of
256:can be further subdivided, as in the
147:except near rivers and lakes. Steppe
267:; it usually has a short wet period
24:
595:North Saharan steppe and woodlands
25:
2117:
2086:Montane grasslands and shrublands
1045:. barramedasoft.com.ar. 1998–2008
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177:A steppe is usually covered with
157:montane grasslands and shrublands
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1343:Orthophyll, hyptiophyll leaves
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927:U.S. Department of Agriculture
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836:
658:and adjacent areas in Mexico.
488:, cold steppe can be found in
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13:
1:
1351:Aciculifolious, needle-leaved
829:
481:outside of the Great Plains.
433:. Another large steppe area (
205:, but not dry enough to be a
437:) is located in the central
393:is another steppe region in
234:potential evapotranspiration
7:
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10:
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1180:Scarcely vegetated areas,
1013:
616:in the rain shadow of the
562:area, and central-eastern
347:. In the Eurasian steppe,
236:defines a steppe climate.
29:
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1092:Vegetation classification
445:and the northern part of
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345:Indo-European languages
32:Steppe (disambiguation)
1374:Terrestrial vegetation
1151:Herbaceous communities
882:Costa, Daniel (2024).
335:. The Eurasian Steppe
248:Temperate steppe: the
593:and by extension the
378:, as well as much of
265:Mediterranean climate
82:Great Eurasian Steppe
2059:Geographical feature
1895:Volcanic crater lake
1412:Biogeographic realms
650:, the inner part of
303:in the west through
254:continental climates
1323:, semicaducifolious
950:(15 August 2010) .
923:U.S. Forest Service
610:Indian subcontinent
358:The inner parts of
185:, depending on the
55:Cold steppe climate
1422:Floristic kingdoms
1379:Aquatic vegetation
530:Subtropical steppe
451:shortgrass prairie
376:Southeast Anatolia
103:physical geography
64:Hot steppe climate
2068:
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1979:Artificial island
1885:Submarine volcano
1794:Continental shelf
1761:coastal landforms
1557:Continental plain
1492:List of landforms
1445:
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1190:Barren vegetation
1182:desert vegetation
1030:978-84-87334-99-3
963:978-0-691-14818-2
948:Anthony, David W.
857:978-0-19-823384-8
351:often consist of
252:steppe, found in
199:semi-arid climate
136:characterized by
16:(Redirected from
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2014:Land reclamation
1910:Volcanic plateau
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459:Columbia Plateau
368:Central Anatolia
341:David W. Anthony
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1063:
1062:
1059:
1044:
1043:"The Steppes"
1040:
1039:
1031:
1027:
1023:
1022:
1018:
1017:
998:on 2007-03-12
997:
993:
989:
983:
976:
965:
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943:
928:
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916:
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893:
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849:
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822:
820:
817:
815:
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805:
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801:
792:
785:
780:
776:
775:U.S. Route 93
772:
768:
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757:
753:
746:
741:
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733:
726:
721:
718:
711:
706:
703:
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688:
681:
676:
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661:
660:
659:
657:
656:western Texas
653:
649:
645:
644:North America
640:
638:
634:
629:
627:
623:
619:
618:Western Ghats
615:
611:
607:
603:
598:
596:
592:
588:
587:Mediterranean
584:
579:
577:
573:
569:
565:
561:
557:
553:
549:
545:
541:
540:Mediterranean
537:
527:
525:
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517:
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508:
506:
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497:
495:
491:
487:
486:South America
482:
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479:North America
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460:
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448:
444:
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439:United States
436:
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428:
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396:
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387:
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381:
377:
373:
372:East Anatolia
369:
365:
361:
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346:
342:
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337:is speculated
334:
330:
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322:
318:
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298:
294:
290:
280:
278:
277:alpine-steppe
274:
266:
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259:
255:
251:
247:
246:
245:
237:
235:
231:
230:precipitation
226:
224:
221:and northern
220:
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200:
196:
192:
188:
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172:
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151:may include:
150:
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108:
104:
93:
83:
76:
65:
56:
44:
33:
19:
1900:Volcanic dam
1597:Alluvial fan
1573:
1427:Plant habits
1356:broad-leaved
1166:
1158:
1145:
1132:
1113:
1047:. Retrieved
1020:
1000:. Retrieved
996:the original
991:
988:"Hellinikon"
982:
974:
967:. Retrieved
952:
942:
930:. Retrieved
918:
892:
877:
868:
861:. Retrieved
846:
838:
734:steppe near
648:Reno, Nevada
641:
630:
599:
581:In northern
580:
533:
509:
501:South Island
498:
483:
461:in southern
457:region. The
455:Great Plains
388:
357:
313:Turkmenistan
297:Central Asia
289:Great Steppe
286:
273:shrub-steppe
270:
249:
243:
227:
211:
194:
176:
106:
100:
1759:Oceanic and
1499:Mountainous
1338:Sclerophyll
1212:Subtropical
1099:Physiognomy
919:fs.usda.gov
750:Prairie in
738:, Argentina
606:Thar Desert
572:rain shadow
554:, parts of
550:, southern
505:New Zealand
283:Cold steppe
214:continental
193:. The term
2096:Ecoregions
2081:Grasslands
2075:Categories
2057:See also:
1972:Artificial
1880:Lava field
1799:Coral reef
1627:Floodplain
1437:Vegetation
1348:Leaf form
1286:Submontane
1155:grasslands
1133:fruticetum
1127:, scrubs,
1121:Shrublands
1049:2008-04-04
1002:2013-09-08
932:25 October
863:30 January
830:References
791:West Texas
789:Steppe in
732:Patagonian
715:Steppe in
700:Steppe in
687:Kazakhstan
685:Steppe in
670:Steppe in
652:California
620:, and the
331:ranges in
325:Koppet Dag
317:Uzbekistan
309:Kazakhstan
197:denotes a
2034:Reservoir
1925:Wall rock
1875:Lava dome
1834:Peninsula
1744:Ice field
1701:Waterfall
1564:Ice sheet
1543:Tableland
1483:landforms
1367:Substrate
1327:Evergreen
1315:Deciduous
1217:Temperate
1176:parklands
1115:arboretum
1110:woodlands
842:Compare:
804:Grassland
633:Australia
512:Australia
490:Patagonia
353:chernozem
329:Tian Shan
138:grassland
134:ecoregion
94:landmass.
2106:Prairies
1994:Building
1958:Sandhill
1948:Dry lake
1853:Volcanic
1839:Seamount
1521:Mountain
1405:See also
1389:Mangrove
1384:Riparian
1274:Altitude
1260:Seasonal
1236:Climatic
1222:Subpolar
1207:Tropical
1200:Latitude
1172:Savannas
1167:herbetum
1163:prairies
1129:thickets
898:"Steppe"
884:"Steppe"
798:See also
754:, Canada
736:Fitz Roy
672:Mongolia
576:Zaragoza
552:Portugal
516:Victoria
427:Slovenia
403:Slovakia
360:Anatolia
219:Mongolia
191:latitude
132:) is an
92:Eurasian
1935:Aeolian
1920:Volcano
1860:Caldera
1814:Isthmus
1804:Estuary
1784:Channel
1739:Glacier
1711:Glacial
1649:Meander
1617:Channel
1589:Fluvial
1533:Plateau
1296:Coastal
1291:Lowland
1281:Montane
1265:Drought
1245:Pluvial
1159:steppes
1106:Forests
1014:Sources
992:HNMS.gr
969:12 June
814:Prairie
752:Alberta
717:Hungary
624:of the
608:of the
538:, some
524:Outback
435:prairie
431:Austria
423:Croatia
415:Romania
411:Ukraine
399:Hungary
380:Armenia
319:to the
301:Ukraine
260:Steppes
145:forests
87:
18:Steppes
2101:Plains
2044:Tunnel
2029:Quarry
2024:Polder
1989:Bridge
1963:Tundra
1943:Desert
1865:Geyser
1819:Lagoon
1809:Island
1724:Cirque
1696:Valley
1686:Strait
1664:Rapids
1637:island
1607:Canyon
1579:Tundra
1574:Steppe
1548:Valley
1417:Biomes
1394:Swampy
1305:Leaves
1255:Cloudy
1238:regime
1186:Desert
1028:
960:
854:
824:Tundra
771:Nevada
702:Russia
626:Levant
585:, the
583:Africa
568:Murcia
560:Athens
556:Greece
544:Sicily
536:Europe
473:, and
467:Oregon
449:. The
447:Mexico
429:, and
419:Serbia
407:Poland
364:Turkey
305:Russia
223:Nevada
207:desert
203:forest
187:season
183:shrubs
149:biomes
141:plains
107:steppe
62:
60:
53:
51:
2019:Levee
2009:Ditch
1999:Canal
1870:Guyot
1789:Coast
1769:Atoll
1734:Fjord
1729:Esker
1719:Arête
1691:Swamp
1679:mouth
1674:delta
1669:River
1654:Oasis
1644:Levee
1622:Cliff
1602:Beach
1569:Plain
1538:Ridge
1526:range
1506:Butte
1479:Earth
1249:rainy
1227:Polar
1125:heath
870:etc.'
819:Tugay
809:Plain
730:Cold
622:Badia
564:Spain
548:Italy
494:Andes
471:Idaho
349:soils
333:China
321:Altai
179:grass
173:biome
166:biome
159:biome
2039:Road
1953:Dune
1779:Cape
1659:Pond
1632:Lake
1612:Cave
1516:Hill
1511:Flat
1026:ISBN
971:2022
958:ISBN
934:2016
865:2020
852:ISBN
602:Asia
389:The
384:Iran
382:and
370:and
327:and
315:and
295:and
275:and
250:true
189:and
181:and
169:the
162:the
155:the
105:, a
80:The
2004:Dam
1774:Bay
1481:'s
642:In
631:In
600:In
546:in
534:In
510:In
503:of
484:In
362:in
339:by
101:In
2077::
1247:,
1188:,
1174:,
1165:,
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1157:,
1153:,
1140:,
1131:,
1123:,
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1108:,
1090::
990:.
973:.
925:,
921:.
917:.
906:^
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639:.
628:.
597:.
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507:.
496:.
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421:,
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323:,
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209:.
1471:e
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1005:.
936:.
900:.
886:.
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125:p
122:ɛ
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34:.
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