1597:
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30:
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113:, a huge area of the North American continent eventually divided between the United States and Canada, and of Alaska and the Yukon. Three basic types of steamboat were used on inland waterways: propeller, side-wheeler, and sternwheeler. Propellers required deeper draft than was commonly available on inland rivers, and side-wheelers required expensive docking facilities. Stern-wheelers were more maneuverable than side-wheelers and could make a landing just about anywhere. For these reasons, the stern-wheeler type was dominant over the propeller and the side-wheeler in almost all inland water routes.
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729:
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1146:, an elegant passenger vessel intended for the Portland-The Dalles run, whose whistle was reportedly so powerful it could "make rotten piles totter." The Charles R. Spencer had to have been built prior to May 28, 1896. The Library of Congress has a stereograph copyrighted on that date of the Charles R. Spencer and the Bailey Gatzert. Inquire to the Library of Congress for reproduction number LC-USZ62-54736, Sternheelers in Cascade Locks 1896. Other new vessels included the freighter/towboats
651:
614:
170:
142:(501) miles. A ton was not a unit of weight but a unit of volume, with cargo charges based on 40 cubic feet equalling one ton. Various chicaneries were practiced by the steamboat companies to increase the tonnage charges for items shipped. One authority states that gross tonnage was measured at 100 cubic feet to the ton, which would still permit the steamboat companies to fix the "ton" for customer charges at 40 cubic feet.
392:
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improvements on the
Columbia were the Cascade Locks and Canal, completed in 1896, and the Celilo Canal and Locks, completed in 1915. While these projects did open the river first to The Dalles, and then all the way to Wallula, there was no long-term improvement for the steamboats' position in their losing competition against the railroads.
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river to Big Eddy in the early days when the Shaver boats were on The Dalles run, was senior pilot. Veteran river masters took their turns at the wheel ... all great names on the river in the days of tall smokestacks and thundering paddle-buckets. ... All along the river, groups of school children, and grownups too, came out to watch the
668:, which blocked all upriver traffic and substantially impeded everything going downriver. In 1850, Francis A. Chenowith built a mule-drawn portage railway around the rapids on the north side of the river. In 1851, he sold out to Daniel F. and Putnam Bradford, who, together with J.O. Van Bergen built the
772:
wound through wheat-producing regions of eastern
Washington. Farmers in these areas wanted to ship their products out as cheaply as possible, and looked to riverine transport as a way to do it. The problem was there were too many rapids and other obstructions to allow economic use of the river in its
777:
pressured the government to do something about this, and so in 1867, the Corps of
Engineers launched a two year survey of the upper Columbia and the Snake River, targeting rapids and other areas for work to improve navigability. During the next few years, rapids and obstructions at various points in
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at the lower end of the
Cascades, then winched her along the bank to operate on the middle river up to The Dalles. Business wasn't enough on this run, as overland emigration had fallen off, so in 1852, her owners winched her back down along the bank of the Cascades to the lower river. In September,
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pulled away from her
Portland dock ... her whistle being the traditional three blast farewell to sentimental Portlanders who waited on the riverbank to see her pass. At Vancouver, Washington, she tied up to take on a special crew of old-time river men. Capt. George M. Shaver, who had run the upper
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was transferred to
Seattle, Washington, to serve the Seattle-Bremerton route, then much in demand because of wartime marine construction at the Bremerton Navy Yard. Railroad and highway construction in the early 1920s finished off the steamboat trade. By 1923, major passenger and freight steamboat
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to Kamm's specifications, for a price of $ 1,663.16, and shipped around to the West Coast, which cost another $ 1,030.02. Kamm and
Ainsworth had settled on the sternwheeler as superior to propeller-driven and side-wheel boats. Propellers were too vulnerable to expensive-to-fix damage to propellers
301:
until it meets the
Columbia River at a point 101 miles (163 km) from the mouth of the Columbia. In the natural condition of the river, Portland was the farthest point on the river where the water was deep enough to allow ocean-going ships. Rapids further upstream at Clackamas were a hazard to
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As rail competition grew, and forced steamboats off their old routes, shippers and steamboat lines began agitating
Congress to allocate funds for improvements to the river, in the form of canals and locks, that would restore their competitive position relative to the railroads. The two main
134:, with various other charges, such as meals, in addition. Cargo was charged by the ton and by the distance carried. Sample rates in the early 1860s, following the establishment of a near monopoly on river transit, showed cargo rates running from $ 15 per ton for the haul from Portland to
1307:
sloshed along while the fog thinned and the sky brightened. She passed familiar places, the sights passengers watched for and remembered, like Cape Horn and
Multnomah Falls. She reached the lower Cascades and entered the tall lock of Bonneville Dam. Slowly the lock filled and the
1966:
149:. Gross tonnage was the total volume capacity of the boat, while registered tonnage was the total theoretical volume that could be used to carry cargo or passengers once mechanical, fuel and similar areas had been deducted. For example, the sternwheeler
411:
In the 1840s and 1850s, ocean-going ships equipped with auxiliary steam engines were able to and did come up the lower river as far as Portland, Oregon and Fort Vancouver. However, no other riverine steamboat worked in the region until the side-wheeler
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from before 1915. (No sidewheelers survive.) Neither is operational, and both are kept permanently out of water. They are preserved as museums. These are unique as they are both from the time of passenger-carrying steamboats in the Pacific Northwest.
1370:. The race was witnessed by Capt. Homer T. Shaver, who stated that as both were running fast for their design, as towboats, the speeds were not much compared to what he'd seen as a young man on the river. Again, the results were summed up by McCurdy:
1060:. As a result, steamboating virtually ended on the Columbia and Snake Rivers above the Dalles, at least until November 1896, when the Cascade Locks and Canal were completed, allowing open river navigation all the way from Portland to The Dalles.
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It was, however, a stirring sight as the two paddlers, smoke pouring from their stacks and stately waterfalls at their sterns, re-enacted the glory days of steamboating on the Columbia. And this time the sentimental favorite, the old wooden
121:
Steamboats earned money by charging passengers fares and shippers for carrying cargo. Some vessels managed to carry as many as 500 people together with 500 tons of cargo. Passenger fares varied over time. In the early 1850s, fares for the
422:
was a basic vessel, built with no frills of any kind, not even a passenger cabin or a galley. Her dimensions were 90 feet (27 m) in length, 16-foot (4.9 m) beam, 4-foot (1.2 m) of draft and 75 gross tons. On July 3, 1850,
1397:. The vessels picked up their passengers at the seawall in Portland, ran north about to the Fremont Bridge, then "raced" south down the Willamette. The images above show the boats passing under the lifting spans of the Burnside Bridge.
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first captain was Jim Frost, who had been a pilot on the Mississippi river. It took two days to get to Portland, largely because of the captain's lack of familiarity with the river channel and his resulting caution. After that,
1137:
was launched, unusual as she was built in the Mississippi style, with two stacks forward of her pilot house, instead of the single stack aft, as was the design for the vast majority of other Columbia River boats ever since the
1021:
As the railroads were building on the south bank of the Columbia neared competition, O.R.& N. withdrew its boats from the middle and upper river. This was done by running the boats over the Cascades and
760:, at Celilo Falls, which proved to be immensely profitable. Eventually the Oregon Steam Navigation Company built a portage railroad on the south side of the river that ran between The Dalles and Celilo.
240:
Originally, the Columbia River was not considered navigable beyond its confluence with the Snake River just north of the Wallula Gap. This led to the somewhat misleading designations of stretch of the
208:. In 1870, the situation was similar. Other commodities hauled included lumber, agricultural products, salted salmon, and livestock. Once gold mines started winding down, the steamboats on the upper
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was brought down to the Columbia river, thus becoming (although it was not known at the time) the last survivor of the wooden steamboat fleets of both Puget Sound and of the Columbia River.
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Boats were lost for many reasons, including striking rocks or logs ("snags"), fire, boiler explosion, or puncture or crushing by ice. Sometimes boats could be salvaged, and sometimes not.
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was moored up at The Dalles, with the objective of turning her into a museum boat. Unfortunately the great Columbia River flood of 1948 broke her loose from her mooring and wrecked her.
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which technically may have been the last wooden steamboat in regular commercial passenger service on the Columbia (in 1942) has been restored and is operational in Seattle, Washington.
531:, so she was returned to the lower river in May 1852, where for the time she had a reputation as a fast boat, making for example the 18-mile (29 km) run from Portland to
354:. There were important steamboat operations on many lakes that ultimately were tributary to the Columbia River, both in the United States and in Canada. These routes included
2015:
This photograph shows the narrowness of the Willamette River compared to the Columbia and also the wooden awning over the foredeck common on many Willamette river steamboats.
338:
were able to proceed 55 miles (89 km) upriver from Lewiston, through the Snake River Canyon, to the Eureka Bar, to haul ore from a mine that had been established there.
188:, required wood to be hauled in and accumulated at wood lots along the river; eventually provision of fuel wood for steamboats itself became an important economic activity.
155:, built in 1880, was 160 feet (49 m) long, and rated at 462 gross tons and 351 registered tons. Steamboat captains often became wealthy men. In 1858, the owners of the
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started bringing its boats down to the lower river from the middle and upper stages, with the strategy of forcing patrons to use its railroads rather than its steamboats.
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1113:
By 1899, although rail competition had become severe, new steamboats continued to be built, including some of the fastest and most well-designed vessels. In that year,
3284:
2006:
Shows the deep water of the Columbia close to shore by Rooster Rock at the west end of the Columbia Gorge and how close steamboats could run by the shore in this area.
126:, running from Oregon City and Portland, were $ 5 a trip for passengers and $ 15 per ton of freight. During a gold rush, passenger fares were $ 23 for passage from
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rivers, as well as the portages at the Cascades and from The Dalles to Celilo. The O.S.N. monopoly lasted from about 1860 to 1879, when its owners sold out to the
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Opposition to O.R.& N. began to arise in 1881 on the lower and middle Columbia. Captain U.B. Scott formed a concern with L.B. Seely and E.W. Creighton to put
633:
as her first captain, was placed in service in February 1855. She was the first sternwheeler on the Columbia River system. Her hull and upper works were built at
460:(160 feet (49 m) long, 24-foot (7.3 m) beam, 5 feet (1.5 m) of draft, and 600 gross tons). and far more comfortable. Her engines were designed by
3036:
744:, built near the Cascades, with the objective of hauling her around Celilo and putting her to run on the upper river. This never happened, as upon launch, the
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slid out into the slack water beyond, riding over what had been the awesome Cascades, now nothing more than a quiet pool. ... A captain pointed out where the
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gave Villard and his allies control over just about every steamboat then operating on the Columbia, including all the OSN boats already mentioned, plus
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over the Cascades at close to 60 miles (97 km) an hour as 3,000 people watched. By 1893, the Oregon Railway and Navigation Company had completed
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79:
19:
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from the upper river over Celilo Falls into the middle river. In 1890 Captain Troup took her over the Cascades into the lower river. Troup brought
752:, launched October 24, 1858, at the mouth of the Deschutes River, was the first steamboat to operate on the upper Columbia. In 1860, the owners of
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service on the Columbia and Willamette Rivers. Although still configured as sternwheelers, they are non-steam-driven boats or ships, also called
982:, and placed them on routes on the Columbia and Puget Sound. The huge size and expense of these vessels precluded them from ever making a profit.
3234:
1976:
acting as a tug for a rail car barge upriver, this image shows the versatility of sternwheelers in being able to assist oceangoing ships as well.
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and ten partners who raised $ 6 million in an effort to expand the O.S.N. monopoly to control all rail and steamboat transport in Oregon and the
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lasted until 1869, and was a good boat, but was not considered a substitute for the speed and comfort (as the standard was then) of the departed
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Villard, in control of O.R. & N then made one of his biggest mistakes when he brought from the east coast two enormous iron-hulled vessels,
2200:
1963:
This image shows use of sternwheeler as a tug on the Columbia river, pushing a barge loaded with railcars, combining two transportation modes.
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1177:
By 1915, steamboat operations had dropped sharply, and the only boats regularly running on the Columbia above Vancouver were few, mainly the
18:
This article is about steamboats operating between Tri-Cities, Washington and the Pacific Ocean. For boats on the river's upper reaches, see
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2000:
1958:
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and shafts from rocks and other obstructions in the river. Sidewheelers were too difficult to steer and needed expensive dock facilities.
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made the Oregon City-Portland-Astoria run twice a month at four miles per hour, charging $ 25 per passenger and $ 25 per ton of freight.
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Mills, an English professor when he was not writing books on history, used his full talent with the language to capture the occasion:
697:. By 1858, the Bradfords, who had the portage railway on the north side of the Cascades, faced competition on the south side from the
402:
Early operations on the Columbia were almost exclusively confined to the lower river. The first steamboat to arrive in Oregon was the
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operations on the lower and middle Columbia had ceased, except for towboats, and until 1937, the passenger and freight boats of the
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reached 26 miles (42 km) an hour during trials, supposedly the fastest in the world, although this was disputed by her rivals.
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to The Dalles. This left the middle Columbia expensive to navigate because of the need to surmount two portages on the way upriver.
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Timmen reports that in 1867, Portland's exports totaled $ 6,463,793, of which about $ 4 million was gold dust and ingots mined from
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In April, 1881, O.R.& N. completed railways on the south side of the river from Celilo to Wallula, and, in October 1882, from
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527:. She operated above the falls for a little less than a year, but her deep draft barred her from reaching points on the upper
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Portland harbor, probably in the early 1900s, showing tall ships, steamship, and, on right leaving the dock, the sternwheeler
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The "middle river," meaning the route from the top of the Cascades to The Dalles, where another set of rapids began, called
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was taken over Celilo Falls in 1881 from the upper to the middle river under the command of captain Troup. Troup brought
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Far inland, the Columbia river was interrupted by rapids and falls, so much that it was never made freely navigable once
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was one of the last surviving steamboats on the Columbia River. She had been launched in 1906, on the same day as the
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The portage railroad in 1867 from The Dalles to Celilo. This is looking east towards a feature known as "Cape Horn"
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Much later, starting in the early 1980s, a number of replica steamboats have been built, for use as tour boats in
566:(as generally known) was notable because everything, including her machinery, was of iron that had been worked in
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made the first of what would be many permanent alterations to the river, blasting out rocks at the mouth of the
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In about 1860, the Bradford brothers, R.R. Thompson, Harrison Olmstead, Jacob Kamm, and steamboat captains
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was able to run upriver 120 miles (190 km) from Astoria to Oregon City in ten hours, compared to the
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is also in Portland, but has been stripped of her paddle wheel and is lying in a semi-derelict state in
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62:, from about 1850 to 1981. Major tributaries of the Columbia that formed steamboat routes included the
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running freight and passengers along the same route, but making more stops. Downriver to Astoria, the
689:, which was hauled up over the Cascades from the lower river in 1853. Business increased, so by 1854,
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never carried passengers on a regular basis, but was built as a towboat. The steel-built steam tug
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In 1995, there was a "race" (again, more of an exhibition) between the steam-powered sternwheeler
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went nearly a mile a minute through the rapids. ... Near Hood River, where the gorge widens, the
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1057:
946:
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83:
1286:. Her last commercial run came on March 20, 1947. The trip was described in McCurdy as follows:
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has been described as an economic "invasion craft" which allowed the rapid exploitation of the
464:, built in the eastern United States, then shipped in pieces to Oregon. Her first captain was
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800:
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paid her captain, Leonard Wright, $ 500 per month, an enormous amount of money for the time.
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two days. She served on the lower river routes until 1854, when she was transferred to the
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1142:. Several boats were rebuilt in 1900, and in 1901, newly constructed vessels included the
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8:
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1356:, both towboats. This was actually more of an exhibition than a race. The famous actor
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runs the Cascades of the Columbia, May 26, 1888, at a speed of almost 60 miles per hour
403:
205:
185:
135:
306:, where Oregon City had been established as the first major town inland from Astoria.
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from Wallula to its mouth as the lower, middle and upper river, generally defined as:
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to compete on the middle river. This competition lowered fares down to 50 cents from
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is said to be the oldest surviving vessel of her kind, and this is probably true.
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s owners were able to put a second boat on the middle river run, the side-wheeler
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was swept over the Cascades, and damaged by hitting a rock on the way down. The
282:, at the top of Celilo Falls, to Wallula Gap, near the mouth of the Snake River.
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passing under the lifting span of the Burnside Bridge, in exhibition race with
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which quickly gained monopoly power over most of the boats on the Columbia and
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241:
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1562:. These tourism-focussed vessels range in size from the 65-foot (20 m)
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both these rivers were removed or meliorated, largely at government expense.
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struck a rock and sank, but was raised, equipped with the engines out of the
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held a monopoly on the river until December 25, 1850, when the side-wheeler
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A Century of Paddlewheelers in the Pacific Northwest, the Yukon, and Alaska
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from the mouth of the Willamette to the portage (and, later, locks) at the
1234:. For a brief time, in 1942, the now-famous Puget Sound propeller steamer
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running excursions and passenger traffic from Portland to The Dalles, and
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831:
769:
408:, which was built in England and arrived at Oregon City on May 17, 1836.
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213:
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Operations on the middle Columbia were hampered by the existence of the
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Oregon Steam Navigation Co. schedule, April 1865, as published in the
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at the Burnside Bridge, with many passengers aboard, on same occasion
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an hour. Areas without much wood, such as the Columbia River east of
106:
43:
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had been condemned in 1916, and, with some exceptions, the boats of
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was launched for the Oregon Railway and Navigation Company. The new
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to The Dalles. Another competitor which arose in about 1880 was the
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1515:
256:
flows into the Columbia, and then up the Willamette to Portland or
70:
rivers. Navigation was impractical between the Snake River and the
1997:, with three decks, and the remaining smaller boats with only two.
1346:
The last steamboat race on the Columbia was held in 1952, between
940:
3472:
1466:
Only one operational sternwheel steamboat survives on the entire
571:
201:
146:
1026:, generally at high water. In 1881, Captain James W. Troup took
620:, an example of an early sternwheeler of the Columbia River type
558:, an iron-hulled boat built entirely in Oregon, was launched at
22:. For Steamboats of the upper Columbia and Kootenay Rivers, see
3535:
2526:
1221:
excursion runs up the Columbia came to an end in 1917 when the
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over Celilo Falls in 1888, and then over the Cascades in 1893.
567:
520:
391:
75:
1902:, at page 56, Documentary Books Publishers, Bellevue, WA 1985
427:
began her first run from Astoria to Portland and Oregon City.
341:
314:
The Snake River was navigable by steamboat from Wallula up to
1316:
had hanged herself on a rock, and another one remembered the
197:
176:, a typical Columbia river steamer, "wooding up," circa 1900.
1843:. Corvallis, Oregon: Oregon State University Press. p.
610:, the first two being iron-hulled and driven by propellers.
138:(121 miles (195 km)), and $ 90 per ton for Portland to
1993:
This shows three typical everyday working steamboats, one,
1360:
and other members of the cast of the recently filmed movie
1328:
had broken her back in the gale, and the big twin-stackers
1154:. As with other years, several vessels were reconstructed.
1063:
685:. The next steamboat on the middle river was the propeller
1109:
on lower Columbia river, following reconstruction in 1901.
468:, and her top speed was 12 miles per hour (19 km/h).
1871:, at 5, Superior Publishing, Seattle, WA 1966 ("McCurdy")
1762:, Oregon Historical Society, Portland, OR (2nd Ed. 1973)
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had brought a touch of Upper Mississippi to the Columbia.
1439:, on Oregon Slough (North Portland Harbor), October 2009
781:
302:
navigation, and all river traffic had to portage around
1117:
was rebuilt for the Yellow Stack line, and a brand new
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In one famous incident, on May 26, 1888, Troup brought
82:
along the Wenatchee Reach of the Columbia, in northern
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system, north or south of the border, and that is the
1209:(built 1914), were the only major boats on the river.
967:
over Celilo in 1888. and in 1893, over the Cascades.
180:
Most steamboats burned wood, at an average rate of 4
3700:
Steamboats of the upper Columbia and Kootenay Rivers
1654:
Steamboats of the upper Columbia and Kootenay Rivers
660:, a rare Mississippi-style steamboat on the Columbia
224:
991:, a propeller boat, on the run up to the Cascades.
1836:
2050:Steamboats of Oregon and the Columbia River basin
1869:H.W.Curdy Marine History of the Pacific Northwest
1839:Empty Nets: Indians, dams, and the Columbia River
1688:, Alexander Nicholls Press, Vancouver, B.C. 2000
1600:A generic or fictional sidewheeler depicted in a
804:Early Oregonians in the steamboat industry (from
736:The first steamboat intended for operation above
20:Steamboats of the Columbia River, Wenatchee Reach
3787:
1530:is not kept in the water. The propeller steamer
582:. Also operating on the river at this time were
3608:Bonneville Slide/Bridge of the Gods land bridge
3045:Companies, shipyards, personnel, and navigation
941:Railway completion forces steamboats off routes
519:, taken apart into numbered pieces, shipped to
297:The Willamette River flows northwards down the
260:. The lower river also included the run up the
2208:
1970:acting as tug for sailing vessel, Astoria 1906
1391:and the diesel-powered excursion sternwheeler
838:("OR&N") and realized an enormous profit.
3488:
3249:
3235:
3030:
2194:
2072:
2034:
1058:a route all along the south side of the river
418:was launched in early June 1850, at Astoria.
1097:
476:and readily picked up most of her business.
275:, which required another and longer portage.
164:
342:Discontinuous inland routes on the Columbia
248:The "lower river," meaning the routes from
3495:
3481:
3242:
3228:
3037:
3023:
2201:
2187:
2079:
2065:
2041:
2027:
1522:and is reported to be operational. Unlike
810:Portland, Oregon: Its History and Builders
116:
1952:
1754:
1752:
1750:
1725:
1723:
1721:
1680:
1678:
1676:
1674:
1672:
1670:
1668:
548:, which did not prosper, and was sold to
523:, and reassembled at Canemah, just above
511:made her first run in August 1851, above
278:The "upper river" meaning the route from
1828:
1806:
1804:
1719:
1717:
1715:
1713:
1711:
1709:
1707:
1705:
1703:
1701:
1644:List of steamboats on the Columbia River
1595:
1431:
1418:
1264:
1245:
1161:
1101:
1077:
1064:Lock and canal improvements to the river
1036:
1009:
799:
785:
727:
649:
612:
494:
390:
228:
168:
28:
3202:Shipwrecks of the inland Columbia River
2004:, at Rooster Rock, lower Columbia River
1783:
1781:
1779:
1777:
1775:
1407:Shipwrecks of the inland Columbia River
542:at this time was the Mississippi-style
3788:
1834:
1747:
1665:
836:Oregon Railroad and Navigation Company
191:
3476:
3223:
3018:
2182:
2060:
2022:
1801:
1698:
1539:
1173:waiting to enter, probably circa 1905
782:Rise of monopoly power over the river
706:United States Army Corps of Engineers
552:interests. In 1853, the side-wheeler
219:
3002:Needles-Fauquier Ferry (Arrow Lakes)
1991:tied up at a dock, sometime in 1920s
1772:
1414:
1203:, including the new steam propeller
1947:
1818:, at 15-21, Caldwell, Idaho (2004)
1085:and another sternwheeler (possibly
716:, which was completed in 1896. The
381:
286:
145:Steamboat capacity was measured by
13:
3502:
3336:Upper Columbia and Kootenay Rivers
2135:Upper Columbia and Kootenay Rivers
2013:, probably on the Willamette River
1649:Steamboats of the Willamette River
1129:was rebuilt, and way upstream, at
841:O.R. & N was an enterprise of
645:
637:, while her engines were built in
293:Steamboats of the Willamette River
14:
3832:
3104:Oregon Railway and Navigation Co.
3094:Ilwaco Railway and Navigation Co.
1942:
723:
386:
225:Lower, middle, and upper Columbia
97:
3806:Steamboats of Washington (state)
3796:Steamboats of the Columbia River
3685:Steamboats of the Columbia River
3588:Geology of the Pacific Northwest
3440:Steamboats on the Columbia River
3295:Columbia River (Wenatchee Reach)
2115:Columbia River (Wenatchee Reach)
1791:, University of Nebraska, 1947.
1604:window installed in 1925 in the
1428:on Willamette River, summer 1996
1212:
763:
714:canal around the Cascades Rapids
535:in one hour and twenty minutes.
3821:Steamboats of the United States
3720:Bonneville Power Administration
3710:Historic Columbia River Highway
1930:
1921:
1912:
1892:
1639:Tourist sternwheelers of Oregon
1546:Tourist sternwheelers of Oregon
1230:on the lower Columbia, such as
828:Oregon Steam Navigation Company
818:Oregon Steam Navigation Company
488:in California, and renamed the
1883:
1874:
1861:
1812:Steamboats on Northwest Rivers
1614:Columbia River Maritime Museum
1228:Harkins Transportation Company
1201:Harkins Transportation Company
598:, and the small steam vessels
472:charged the same rates as the
309:
38:near Cascade Locks, circa 1910
1:
3774:The Columbia River Collection
3695:Steamboats of the Arrow Lakes
3128:Steamboat owners and captains
1624:Steamboats of the Mississippi
1566:to the 360-foot (110 m)
1157:
1005:Shaver Transportation Company
318:. Boats on this run included
24:Steamboats of the Arrow Lakes
3207:Steamboat Inspection Service
1576:). Others include the M.V.
1241:
7:
3816:Steamboats by body of water
3593:Columbia River Basalt Group
3114:People's Transportation Co.
3109:Oregon Steam Navigation Co.
3051:Portages, locks, and canals
1606:U.S. National Bank Building
1591:
712:. In 1877, work began on a
629:, built by Jacob Kamm with
538:Another sidewheeler on the
10:
3837:
3763:Roll On, Columbia, Roll On
3665:Lewis and Clark Expedition
3464:Puget Sound Mosquito Fleet
3089:Harkins Transportation Co.
2981:Steamboats on the Columbia
2209:Inland and coastal vessels
2086:
1758:Corning, Howard McKinley,
1619:Historic ferries in Oregon
1543:
1518:, survives as a museum at
1404:
1067:
944:
815:
574:owned by Thomas V. Smith.
290:
17:
3750:
3652:
3621:
3580:
3544:
3510:
3457:
3430:Ships in British Columbia
3422:
3391:
3371:
3355:
3308:
3262:
3255:
3250:Steamboats in other areas
3219:
3194:
3173:
3127:
3119:Shaver Transportation Co.
3076:
3050:
3014:
2989:
2973:
2899:
2214:
2178:
2143:
2092:
2056:
1789:Sternwheelers up Columbia
1400:
1350:and the new steel-hulled
1098:Late steamboat operations
456:was much larger than the
204:mines to be taken to the
165:Fuel and fuel consumption
3084:Callendar Navigation Co.
1867:Newell, Gordon R., Ed.,
1835:Ulrich, Roberta (2007).
1659:
1284:San Francisco earthquake
826:and L.W. Coe formed the
756:built another boat, the
515:. She had been built in
80:steamboats also operated
3660:Robert Gray exploration
3058:Cascade Locks and Canal
1454:are the only surviving
1303:On up the Columbia the
1169:in Cascade Locks, with
1070:Cascade Locks and Canal
1017:and two of her officers
947:Oregon Portage Railroad
720:was completed in 1915.
699:Oregon Portage Railroad
117:Economics of operations
3715:Columbia Basin Project
3445:Puget Sound steamboats
3174:Builders and shipyards
3099:Okanogan Steamboat Co.
2997:Wahkiakum County Ferry
2100:Columbia River (lower)
1953:Typical craft and uses
1609:
1440:
1429:
1385:
1338:
1297:
1275:
1262:
1174:
1110:
1090:
1047:
1018:
813:
797:
733:
661:
621:
502:
399:
237:
216:rivers carried wheat.
177:
39:
3742:Vanport flood of 1948
3705:Columbia River Treaty
3581:Geology and geography
2166:Yaquina Bay and river
1972:As with the image of
1880:McCurdy, at 48 and 70
1599:
1558:, powered instead by
1500:North Portland Harbor
1435:
1422:
1379:, beat the new steel
1372:
1301:
1288:
1268:
1249:
1165:
1105:
1081:
1040:
1013:
803:
789:
731:
653:
616:
498:
394:
252:upriver to where the
232:
172:
32:
3801:Steamboats of Oregon
3598:Columbia River Gorge
1900:Steamboat Virginia V
1737:, Caldwell, ID 1972
1731:Blow for the Landing
1684:Affleck, Edward L.,
1574:Empress of the North
995:was hauled over the
701:, also mule-hauled.
555:Belle of Oregon City
262:Columbia River Gorge
3751:Ecology and culture
3675:Pacific Fur Company
1787:Mills, Randall V.,
1760:Willamette Landings
718:Dalles-Celilo Canal
192:Commodities shipped
3768:Confluence Project
3690:Big Bend Gold Rush
3613:Columbia Mountains
3435:Retired BC ferries
3316:Upper Fraser River
2306:Charles R. Spencer
1610:
1540:Replica steamboats
1513:Corps of Engineers
1441:
1430:
1366:were on board the
1276:
1263:
1175:
1144:Charles R. Spencer
1111:
1091:
1089:) in Cascade Locks
1048:
1019:
814:
798:
734:
681:, and renamed the
662:
622:
503:
400:
350:was reached above
238:
220:Areas of operation
206:San Francisco mint
178:
88:on the Arrow Lakes
40:
3783:
3782:
3470:
3469:
3453:
3452:
3387:
3386:
3215:
3214:
3135:John C. Ainsworth
3010:
3009:
2174:
2173:
1586:Queen of the West
1502:(Oregon Slough).
1415:Surviving vessels
1363:Bend of the River
1320:. Here was where
824:John C. Ainsworth
631:John C. Ainsworth
505:The side-wheeler
466:John C. Ainsworth
450:Milwaukie, Oregon
352:Pasco, Washington
299:Willamette Valley
74:, due to several
56:Pacific Northwest
3828:
3731:Sohappy v. Smith
3644:Dalles des Morts
3622:Falls and rapids
3526:British Columbia
3497:
3490:
3483:
3474:
3473:
3423:Lists of vessels
3404:British Columbia
3356:Alaska and Yukon
3309:British Columbia
3260:
3259:
3256:Articles by area
3244:
3237:
3230:
3221:
3220:
3155:George W. Shaver
3068:Willamette Locks
3039:
3032:
3025:
3016:
3015:
2876:Willamette Chief
2203:
2196:
2189:
2180:
2179:
2105:Willamette River
2081:
2074:
2067:
2058:
2057:
2043:
2036:
2029:
2020:
2019:
1948:Photograph links
1937:
1934:
1928:
1925:
1919:
1916:
1910:
1896:
1890:
1887:
1881:
1878:
1872:
1865:
1859:
1858:
1842:
1832:
1826:
1808:
1799:
1785:
1770:
1756:
1745:
1727:
1696:
1682:
1582:Willamette Queen
1569:American Empress
1478:Portland, Oregon
915:Willamette Chief
525:Willamette Falls
513:Willamette Falls
486:Sacramento River
448:was launched at
382:Early operations
304:Willamette Falls
287:Willamette River
92:British Columbia
72:Canada–US border
46:operated on the
3836:
3835:
3831:
3830:
3829:
3827:
3826:
3825:
3786:
3785:
3784:
3779:
3746:
3648:
3629:Cascades Rapids
3617:
3603:Missoula Floods
3576:
3540:
3515:
3506:
3501:
3471:
3466:
3449:
3418:
3383:
3379:Mackenzie River
3367:
3351:
3304:
3270:Lake Washington
3251:
3248:
3211:
3190:
3186:John J. Holland
3169:
3123:
3077:Steamboat lines
3072:
3046:
3043:
3006:
2985:
2969:
2950:T.M. Richardson
2900:Coastal vessels
2895:
2640:Nez Perce Chief
2421:Governor Grover
2261:B. H. Smith Jr.
2216:
2210:
2207:
2170:
2139:
2088:
2085:
2052:
2047:
1955:
1950:
1945:
1940:
1936:McCurdy, at 583
1935:
1931:
1926:
1922:
1918:McCurdy, at 545
1917:
1913:
1897:
1893:
1889:McCurdy, at 291
1888:
1884:
1879:
1875:
1866:
1862:
1855:
1833:
1829:
1809:
1802:
1786:
1773:
1757:
1748:
1735:Caxton Printers
1729:Timmen, Fritz,
1728:
1699:
1683:
1666:
1662:
1594:
1548:
1542:
1417:
1409:
1403:
1244:
1215:
1160:
1131:Potlatch, Idaho
1100:
1076:
1066:
949:
943:
883:Governor Grover
820:
784:
773:natural state.
766:
726:
666:Cascades Rapids
648:
646:Middle Columbia
490:Annie Abernathy
389:
384:
344:
316:Lewiston, Idaho
312:
295:
289:
266:Cascades Rapids
227:
222:
194:
167:
119:
100:
52:its tributaries
27:
12:
11:
5:
3834:
3824:
3823:
3818:
3813:
3811:Columbia River
3808:
3803:
3798:
3781:
3780:
3778:
3777:
3770:
3765:
3760:
3758:Pacific salmon
3754:
3752:
3748:
3747:
3745:
3744:
3739:
3737:Boldt Decision
3734:
3727:
3722:
3717:
3712:
3707:
3702:
3697:
3692:
3687:
3682:
3680:Fort Vancouver
3677:
3672:
3670:David Thompson
3667:
3662:
3656:
3654:
3650:
3649:
3647:
3646:
3641:
3636:
3631:
3625:
3623:
3619:
3618:
3616:
3615:
3610:
3605:
3600:
3595:
3590:
3584:
3582:
3578:
3577:
3575:
3574:
3569:
3564:
3559:
3554:
3548:
3546:
3542:
3541:
3539:
3538:
3533:
3528:
3522:
3520:
3508:
3507:
3504:Columbia River
3500:
3499:
3492:
3485:
3477:
3468:
3467:
3458:
3455:
3454:
3451:
3450:
3448:
3447:
3442:
3437:
3432:
3426:
3424:
3420:
3419:
3417:
3416:
3411:
3406:
3401:
3395:
3393:
3389:
3388:
3385:
3384:
3382:
3381:
3375:
3373:
3369:
3368:
3366:
3365:
3359:
3357:
3353:
3352:
3350:
3349:
3346:
3343:
3338:
3333:
3328:
3323:
3318:
3312:
3310:
3306:
3305:
3303:
3302:
3297:
3292:
3287:
3282:
3277:
3275:Columbia River
3272:
3266:
3264:
3257:
3253:
3252:
3247:
3246:
3239:
3232:
3224:
3217:
3216:
3213:
3212:
3210:
3209:
3204:
3198:
3196:
3192:
3191:
3189:
3188:
3183:
3177:
3175:
3171:
3170:
3168:
3167:
3162:
3160:James W. Troup
3157:
3152:
3150:Joseph Kellogg
3147:
3142:
3137:
3131:
3129:
3125:
3124:
3122:
3121:
3116:
3111:
3106:
3101:
3096:
3091:
3086:
3080:
3078:
3074:
3073:
3071:
3070:
3065:
3060:
3054:
3052:
3048:
3047:
3042:
3041:
3034:
3027:
3019:
3012:
3011:
3008:
3007:
3005:
3004:
2999:
2993:
2991:
2990:Modern ferries
2987:
2986:
2984:
2983:
2977:
2975:
2971:
2970:
2968:
2967:
2960:
2953:
2946:
2939:
2932:
2925:
2918:
2911:
2903:
2901:
2897:
2896:
2894:
2893:
2886:
2883:Wilson G. Hunt
2879:
2872:
2865:
2858:
2851:
2844:
2837:
2830:
2823:
2816:
2809:
2802:
2795:
2788:
2781:
2774:
2766:
2759:
2752:
2745:
2738:
2730:
2722:
2715:
2708:
2701:
2694:
2692:(sternwheeler)
2686:
2678:
2671:
2664:
2657:
2650:
2643:
2636:
2629:
2622:
2615:
2607:
2600:
2593:
2586:
2579:
2572:
2565:
2558:
2551:
2544:
2537:
2530:
2523:
2520:Jessie Harkins
2516:
2509:
2502:
2495:
2492:Joseph Kellogg
2488:
2481:
2474:
2467:
2460:
2453:
2446:
2438:
2431:
2424:
2417:
2410:
2403:
2396:
2389:
2382:
2375:
2368:
2365:Eliza Anderson
2361:
2354:
2346:
2338:
2330:
2327:Colonel Wright
2323:
2316:
2309:
2302:
2295:
2287:
2279:
2271:
2268:Bailey Gatzert
2264:
2257:
2250:
2242:
2235:
2228:
2220:
2218:
2212:
2211:
2206:
2205:
2198:
2191:
2183:
2176:
2175:
2172:
2171:
2169:
2168:
2163:
2158:
2156:Coquille River
2153:
2147:
2145:
2141:
2140:
2138:
2137:
2132:
2127:
2122:
2117:
2112:
2107:
2102:
2096:
2094:
2090:
2089:
2084:
2083:
2076:
2069:
2061:
2054:
2053:
2046:
2045:
2038:
2031:
2023:
2017:
2016:
2007:
1998:
1977:
1964:
1954:
1951:
1949:
1946:
1944:
1943:External links
1941:
1939:
1938:
1929:
1920:
1911:
1891:
1882:
1873:
1860:
1853:
1827:
1810:Gulick, Bill,
1800:
1771:
1746:
1697:
1663:
1661:
1658:
1657:
1656:
1651:
1646:
1641:
1636:
1631:
1629:Paddle steamer
1626:
1621:
1616:
1593:
1590:
1578:Columbia Gorge
1560:diesel engines
1544:Main article:
1541:
1538:
1505:Another boat,
1468:Columbia River
1416:
1413:
1405:Main article:
1402:
1399:
1394:Columbia Gorge
1341:Georgie Burton
1310:Georgie Burton
1305:Georgie Burton
1293:Georgie Burton
1280:Georgie Burton
1271:Columbia Gorge
1258:Columbia Gorge
1243:
1240:
1219:Bailey Gatzert
1214:
1211:
1180:Bailey Gatzert
1171:Bailey Gatzert
1159:
1156:
1152:M.F. Henderson
1135:J.M. Hannaford
1099:
1096:
1065:
1062:
942:
939:
895:Dixie Thompson
849:. Purchase of
816:Main article:
783:
780:
765:
762:
750:Colonel Wright
725:
724:Upper Columbia
722:
710:John Day River
670:James P. Flint
647:
644:
585:James P. Flint
388:
387:Lower Columbia
385:
383:
380:
368:Kootenay River
343:
340:
328:J.M. Hannaford
311:
308:
291:Main article:
288:
285:
284:
283:
280:Celilo Village
276:
269:
242:Columbia River
235:Bailey Gatzert
226:
223:
221:
218:
193:
190:
166:
163:
158:Colonel Wright
118:
115:
111:Oregon Country
99:
98:Types of craft
96:
48:Columbia River
35:Bailey Gatzert
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3833:
3822:
3819:
3817:
3814:
3812:
3809:
3807:
3804:
3802:
3799:
3797:
3794:
3793:
3791:
3776:
3775:
3771:
3769:
3766:
3764:
3761:
3759:
3756:
3755:
3753:
3749:
3743:
3740:
3738:
3735:
3733:
3732:
3728:
3726:
3723:
3721:
3718:
3716:
3713:
3711:
3708:
3706:
3703:
3701:
3698:
3696:
3693:
3691:
3688:
3686:
3683:
3681:
3678:
3676:
3673:
3671:
3668:
3666:
3663:
3661:
3658:
3657:
3655:
3651:
3645:
3642:
3640:
3637:
3635:
3632:
3630:
3627:
3626:
3624:
3620:
3614:
3611:
3609:
3606:
3604:
3601:
3599:
3596:
3594:
3591:
3589:
3586:
3585:
3583:
3579:
3573:
3570:
3568:
3565:
3563:
3560:
3558:
3555:
3553:
3550:
3549:
3547:
3543:
3537:
3534:
3532:
3529:
3527:
3524:
3523:
3521:
3518:
3513:
3509:
3505:
3498:
3493:
3491:
3486:
3484:
3479:
3478:
3475:
3465:
3461:
3460:Related topic
3456:
3446:
3443:
3441:
3438:
3436:
3433:
3431:
3428:
3427:
3425:
3421:
3415:
3412:
3410:
3407:
3405:
3402:
3400:
3397:
3396:
3394:
3390:
3380:
3377:
3376:
3374:
3370:
3364:
3361:
3360:
3358:
3354:
3347:
3345:Stikine River
3344:
3342:
3339:
3337:
3334:
3332:
3331:Okanagan Lake
3329:
3327:
3324:
3322:
3319:
3317:
3314:
3313:
3311:
3307:
3301:
3300:Lake Crescent
3298:
3296:
3293:
3291:
3288:
3286:
3283:
3281:
3280:Cowlitz River
3278:
3276:
3273:
3271:
3268:
3267:
3265:
3261:
3258:
3254:
3245:
3240:
3238:
3233:
3231:
3226:
3225:
3222:
3218:
3208:
3205:
3203:
3200:
3199:
3197:
3193:
3187:
3184:
3182:
3179:
3178:
3176:
3172:
3166:
3165:Henry Villard
3163:
3161:
3158:
3156:
3153:
3151:
3148:
3146:
3145:John H. Couch
3143:
3141:
3138:
3136:
3133:
3132:
3130:
3126:
3120:
3117:
3115:
3112:
3110:
3107:
3105:
3102:
3100:
3097:
3095:
3092:
3090:
3087:
3085:
3082:
3081:
3079:
3075:
3069:
3066:
3064:
3061:
3059:
3056:
3055:
3053:
3049:
3040:
3035:
3033:
3028:
3026:
3021:
3020:
3017:
3013:
3003:
3000:
2998:
2995:
2994:
2992:
2988:
2982:
2979:
2978:
2976:
2972:
2966:
2965:
2964:W.H. Harrison
2961:
2959:
2958:
2954:
2952:
2951:
2947:
2945:
2944:
2943:Sue H. Elmore
2940:
2938:
2937:
2933:
2931:
2930:
2926:
2924:
2923:
2922:General Miles
2919:
2917:
2916:
2912:
2910:
2909:
2905:
2904:
2902:
2898:
2892:
2891:
2887:
2885:
2884:
2880:
2878:
2877:
2873:
2871:
2870:
2866:
2864:
2863:
2859:
2857:
2856:
2852:
2850:
2849:
2845:
2843:
2842:
2838:
2836:
2835:
2831:
2829:
2828:
2824:
2822:
2821:
2817:
2815:
2814:
2810:
2808:
2807:
2803:
2801:
2800:
2796:
2794:
2793:
2789:
2787:
2786:
2782:
2780:
2779:
2775:
2773:
2771:
2767:
2765:
2764:
2760:
2758:
2757:
2753:
2751:
2750:
2749:R.R. Thompson
2746:
2744:
2743:
2739:
2737:
2735:
2731:
2729:
2727:
2723:
2721:
2720:
2716:
2714:
2713:
2709:
2707:
2706:
2702:
2700:
2699:
2695:
2693:
2691:
2687:
2685:
2684:(sidewheeler)
2683:
2679:
2677:
2676:
2672:
2670:
2669:
2665:
2663:
2662:
2658:
2656:
2655:
2654:North Pacific
2651:
2649:
2648:
2644:
2642:
2641:
2637:
2635:
2634:
2630:
2628:
2627:
2623:
2621:
2620:
2616:
2614:
2612:
2608:
2606:
2605:
2601:
2599:
2598:
2594:
2592:
2591:
2587:
2585:
2584:
2580:
2578:
2577:
2573:
2571:
2570:
2566:
2564:
2563:
2559:
2557:
2556:
2552:
2550:
2549:
2545:
2543:
2542:
2538:
2536:
2535:
2531:
2529:
2528:
2524:
2522:
2521:
2517:
2515:
2514:
2510:
2508:
2507:
2503:
2501:
2500:
2496:
2494:
2493:
2489:
2487:
2486:
2485:John H. Couch
2482:
2480:
2479:
2475:
2473:
2472:
2468:
2466:
2465:
2461:
2459:
2458:
2454:
2452:
2451:
2450:Harvest Queen
2447:
2445:
2443:
2439:
2437:
2436:
2432:
2430:
2429:
2425:
2423:
2422:
2418:
2416:
2415:
2411:
2409:
2408:
2407:Geo. E. Starr
2404:
2402:
2401:
2397:
2395:
2394:
2390:
2388:
2387:
2383:
2381:
2380:
2376:
2374:
2373:
2369:
2367:
2366:
2362:
2360:
2359:
2355:
2352:
2351:
2347:
2344:
2343:
2339:
2337:
2335:
2331:
2329:
2328:
2324:
2322:
2321:
2317:
2315:
2314:
2310:
2308:
2307:
2303:
2301:
2300:
2296:
2294:
2292:
2288:
2286:
2284:
2280:
2278:
2276:
2272:
2270:
2269:
2265:
2263:
2262:
2258:
2256:
2255:
2251:
2249:
2247:
2243:
2241:
2240:
2236:
2234:
2233:
2229:
2227:
2226:
2222:
2221:
2219:
2213:
2204:
2199:
2197:
2192:
2190:
2185:
2184:
2181:
2177:
2167:
2164:
2162:
2159:
2157:
2154:
2152:
2149:
2148:
2146:
2142:
2136:
2133:
2131:
2128:
2126:
2125:Lake Okanagan
2123:
2121:
2118:
2116:
2113:
2111:
2110:Cowlitz River
2108:
2106:
2103:
2101:
2098:
2097:
2095:
2091:
2082:
2077:
2075:
2070:
2068:
2063:
2062:
2059:
2055:
2051:
2044:
2039:
2037:
2032:
2030:
2025:
2024:
2021:
2014:
2012:
2008:
2005:
2003:
1999:
1996:
1992:
1990:
1986:
1982:
1978:
1975:
1971:
1969:
1968:Harvest Queen
1965:
1962:
1961:
1957:
1956:
1933:
1927:Mills, at 183
1924:
1915:
1909:
1908:0-935503-00-5
1905:
1901:
1898:Kline, M.S.,
1895:
1886:
1877:
1870:
1864:
1856:
1854:0-87071-469-4
1850:
1846:
1841:
1840:
1831:
1825:
1824:0-87004-438-9
1821:
1817:
1813:
1807:
1805:
1798:
1797:0-8032-5874-7
1794:
1790:
1784:
1782:
1780:
1778:
1776:
1769:
1768:0-87595-042-6
1765:
1761:
1755:
1753:
1751:
1744:
1743:0-87004-221-1
1740:
1736:
1732:
1726:
1724:
1722:
1720:
1718:
1716:
1714:
1712:
1710:
1708:
1706:
1704:
1702:
1695:
1694:0-920034-08-X
1691:
1687:
1681:
1679:
1677:
1675:
1673:
1671:
1669:
1664:
1655:
1652:
1650:
1647:
1645:
1642:
1640:
1637:
1635:
1632:
1630:
1627:
1625:
1622:
1620:
1617:
1615:
1612:
1611:
1608:, in Portland
1607:
1603:
1602:stained glass
1598:
1589:
1587:
1583:
1579:
1575:
1571:
1570:
1565:
1561:
1557:
1556:motor vessels
1553:
1547:
1537:
1535:
1534:
1529:
1525:
1521:
1517:
1514:
1510:
1509:
1503:
1501:
1497:
1496:
1491:
1487:
1483:
1479:
1475:
1474:
1469:
1464:
1462:
1457:
1456:sternwheelers
1453:
1452:
1447:
1446:
1438:
1434:
1427:
1426:
1421:
1412:
1408:
1398:
1396:
1395:
1390:
1384:
1382:
1378:
1371:
1369:
1365:
1364:
1359:
1358:James Stewart
1355:
1354:
1349:
1344:
1342:
1337:
1335:
1331:
1327:
1323:
1319:
1315:
1311:
1306:
1300:
1296:
1294:
1287:
1285:
1281:
1273:
1272:
1267:
1260:
1259:
1254:
1253:
1248:
1239:
1237:
1233:
1229:
1224:
1220:
1213:Final decline
1210:
1208:
1207:
1202:
1198:
1194:
1190:
1186:
1182:
1181:
1172:
1168:
1164:
1155:
1153:
1149:
1145:
1141:
1136:
1132:
1128:
1124:
1120:
1116:
1108:
1104:
1095:
1088:
1087:Harvest Queen
1084:
1080:
1075:
1071:
1061:
1059:
1055:
1054:
1045:
1044:
1039:
1035:
1033:
1029:
1028:Harvest Queen
1025:
1016:
1015:R.R. Thompson
1012:
1008:
1006:
1002:
998:
994:
990:
989:
983:
981:
980:
975:
974:
968:
966:
962:
961:Harvest Queen
958:
954:
948:
938:
936:
932:
928:
924:
920:
916:
912:
908:
904:
900:
896:
892:
888:
884:
880:
876:
872:
868:
864:
863:Fannie Patton
860:
856:
852:
848:
847:Inland Empire
844:
843:Henry Villard
839:
837:
833:
829:
825:
819:
811:
807:
802:
796:
793:
788:
779:
776:
771:
761:
759:
755:
751:
747:
743:
739:
730:
721:
719:
715:
711:
707:
704:In 1868, the
702:
700:
696:
692:
688:
684:
680:
676:
671:
667:
659:
658:
652:
643:
640:
636:
632:
628:
627:
619:
615:
611:
609:
605:
601:
597:
596:
591:
587:
586:
581:
577:
573:
569:
565:
561:
557:
556:
551:
547:
546:
541:
536:
534:
530:
526:
522:
518:
514:
510:
509:
501:
497:
493:
491:
487:
483:
479:
475:
471:
467:
463:
459:
455:
451:
447:
446:
441:
437:
435:
430:
426:
421:
417:
416:
409:
407:
406:
397:
393:
379:
377:
373:
372:Coeur d'Alene
369:
365:
364:Kootenay Lake
361:
357:
356:Okanagan Lake
353:
349:
348:Priest Rapids
339:
337:
333:
329:
325:
321:
317:
307:
305:
300:
294:
281:
277:
274:
270:
267:
263:
259:
255:
251:
247:
246:
245:
243:
236:
231:
217:
215:
211:
207:
203:
199:
189:
187:
183:
175:
171:
162:
160:
159:
154:
153:
148:
143:
141:
137:
133:
129:
125:
114:
112:
108:
105:
95:
93:
89:
85:
81:
77:
73:
69:
65:
61:
60:North America
57:
53:
49:
45:
37:
36:
31:
25:
21:
16:
3772:
3729:
3725:Hanford Site
3684:
3639:Kettle Falls
3634:Celilo Falls
3459:
3409:Oregon Coast
3341:Skeena River
3285:Grays Harbor
3274:
3063:Celilo Canal
2974:Vessel lists
2963:
2956:
2948:
2942:
2935:
2928:
2920:
2914:
2907:
2889:
2882:
2875:
2867:
2861:
2854:
2846:
2840:
2833:
2827:T. J. Potter
2825:
2819:
2812:
2805:
2798:
2791:
2784:
2778:Robert Young
2777:
2769:
2762:
2755:
2748:
2741:
2733:
2725:
2718:
2711:
2704:
2697:
2689:
2681:
2674:
2667:
2660:
2653:
2646:
2639:
2632:
2625:
2618:
2610:
2604:Mountain Gem
2603:
2596:
2589:
2582:
2575:
2568:
2561:
2554:
2548:Lot Whitcomb
2547:
2540:
2533:
2525:
2519:
2513:Jennie Clark
2512:
2505:
2498:
2491:
2484:
2477:
2470:
2463:
2456:
2449:
2441:
2434:
2427:
2420:
2412:
2406:
2399:
2392:
2385:
2379:Emma Hayward
2378:
2371:
2364:
2357:
2349:
2341:
2333:
2325:
2320:Clara Parker
2319:
2312:
2304:
2297:
2290:
2282:
2274:
2266:
2260:
2252:
2245:
2238:
2231:
2224:
2151:Oregon Coast
2099:
2049:
2011:Northwestern
2010:
2001:
1994:
1988:
1984:
1980:
1973:
1967:
1959:
1932:
1923:
1914:
1899:
1894:
1885:
1876:
1868:
1863:
1838:
1830:
1816:Caxton Press
1811:
1788:
1759:
1730:
1685:
1585:
1581:
1577:
1573:
1567:
1563:
1552:river cruise
1549:
1531:
1528:W.T. Preston
1527:
1523:
1508:W.T. Preston
1507:
1504:
1493:
1489:
1485:
1481:
1476:, moored at
1472:
1465:
1460:
1450:
1444:
1442:
1436:
1424:
1410:
1393:
1388:
1386:
1380:
1376:
1373:
1367:
1361:
1352:
1347:
1345:
1340:
1339:
1333:
1329:
1325:
1321:
1317:
1313:
1309:
1304:
1302:
1298:
1292:
1289:
1279:
1277:
1270:
1261:, fall 1995.
1257:
1251:
1235:
1231:
1222:
1218:
1216:
1204:
1196:
1192:
1188:
1184:
1179:
1176:
1170:
1166:
1151:
1147:
1143:
1140:Jennie Clark
1139:
1134:
1126:
1122:
1118:
1114:
1112:
1106:
1092:
1086:
1082:
1074:Celilo Canal
1052:
1049:
1042:
1031:
1027:
1024:Celilo Falls
1020:
1014:
992:
987:
984:
978:
972:
969:
964:
960:
957:O.R.& N.
950:
934:
930:
926:
922:
918:
914:
910:
906:
902:
898:
894:
890:
886:
882:
878:
874:
870:
866:
862:
858:
855:Emma Hayward
854:
840:
821:
809:
794:
767:
757:
753:
749:
745:
741:
738:Celilo Falls
735:
703:
694:
690:
686:
682:
678:
674:
669:
663:
656:
654:painting of
626:Jennie Clark
624:
623:
617:
607:
603:
599:
594:
589:
584:
580:Lot Whitcomb
579:
575:
563:
554:
544:
537:
507:
504:
499:
489:
481:
478:Lot Whitcomb
477:
473:
470:Lot Whitcomb
469:
457:
454:Lot Whitcomb
453:
445:Lot Whitcomb
444:
439:
438:
433:
428:
424:
419:
414:
410:
404:
401:
398:, circa 1853
396:Lot Whitcomb
395:
376:Pend Oreille
370:, and lakes
345:
336:Mountain Gem
335:
331:
327:
323:
319:
313:
296:
273:Celilo Falls
239:
234:
195:
179:
173:
157:
151:
144:
123:
120:
104:paddle-wheel
101:
90:of southern
41:
33:
15:
3572:Tributaries
3399:Puget Sound
3363:Yukon River
3348:Peace River
3326:Arrow Lakes
3321:Lakes Route
3290:Willapa Bay
3140:John Bonser
2785:Sarah Dixon
2555:Lucea Mason
2428:Gov. Newell
2299:Carrie Ladd
2130:Arrow Lakes
2120:Lake Chelan
2002:Hattie Bell
1197:T.J. Potter
1193:Dalles City
1187:, with the
1185:Dalles City
1107:T.J. Potter
1083:Dalles City
871:McMinnville
792:Walla Walla
770:Snake River
764:Snake River
618:Carrie Ladd
560:Oregon City
360:Arrow Lakes
310:Snake River
258:Oregon City
3790:Categories
3531:Washington
3414:California
3263:Washington
3195:Shipwrecks
3181:Jacob Kamm
2957:Washington
2848:Virginia V
2675:Ocean Wave
2661:North Star
2576:Manzanillo
1584:, and the
1572:(formerly
1533:Virginia V
1236:Virginia V
1158:Last years
1148:F.B. Jones
1068:See also:
1032:D.S. Baker
965:D.S. Baker
945:See also:
907:New Tenino
867:S.T.Church
808:1911 book
673:1852, the
604:Black Hawk
595:Washington
550:California
540:Willamette
529:Willamette
517:New Jersey
482:Columbia's
462:Jacob Kamm
429:Columbia's
254:Willamette
186:Hood River
136:The Dalles
84:Washington
64:Willamette
58:region of
44:steamboats
3557:Crossings
3519:traversed
3512:Provinces
2936:Montesano
2929:Life-Line
2869:Wide West
2834:Telephone
2813:Telegraph
2763:Regulator
2742:Quickstep
2668:Northwest
2647:No Wonder
2611:Multnomah
2534:La Center
2435:Grahamona
2414:Georgiana
2393:Fleetwood
1634:Riverboat
1526:however,
1520:Anacortes
1480:. Unlike
1377:Henderson
1368:Henderson
1348:Henderson
1314:Regulator
1242:Last runs
1232:Georgiana
1206:Georgiana
1167:Regulator
1127:Regulator
993:Gold Dust
988:Fleetwood
935:D.S.Baker
879:E.N. Cook
875:Ocklahama
859:S.G. Reed
795:Statesman
639:Baltimore
635:Milwaukie
533:Vancouver
508:Multnomah
500:Multnomah
107:steamboat
54:, in the
3462: :
3392:Navboxes
2908:Bayocean
2855:Wallamet
2792:Shoo Fly
2734:Portland
2726:Portland
2690:Olympian
2682:Olympian
2626:Nespelem
2619:Nahcotta
2569:Madeline
2457:Hooligan
2334:Columbia
2246:Astorian
2161:Coos Bay
1592:See also
1524:Portland
1516:snagboat
1490:Portland
1482:Sicamous
1473:Portland
1451:Sicamous
1425:Portland
1389:Portland
1381:Portland
1353:Portland
1252:Portland
1183:and the
1001:Portland
997:Cascades
973:Olympian
953:Portland
931:Champion
923:Occident
806:Gaston's
740:was the
679:Columbia
545:Wallamet
474:Columbia
458:Columbia
440:Columbia
434:Columbia
425:Columbia
420:Columbia
415:Columbia
320:Lewiston
210:Columbia
140:Lewiston
128:Portland
3653:History
2915:Gazelle
2756:Rabboni
2698:Oneonta
2597:Metlako
2562:Lurline
2499:Klamath
2442:Hassalo
2400:Gazelle
2350:Cowlitz
2342:Cowlitz
2313:Chester
2225:Alaskan
2217:vessels
2215:Inland
2144:Coastal
1995:Service
1985:Cowlitz
1981:Service
1330:Oneonta
1326:Spencer
1322:Hassalo
1318:Fashion
1123:Hassalo
1119:Hassalo
1053:Hassalo
1043:Hassalo
979:Alaskan
927:Bonanza
903:Spokane
899:Welcome
746:Venture
742:Venture
683:Fashion
657:Oneonta
608:Hoosier
572:foundry
324:Spokane
250:Astoria
202:Montana
152:Hassalo
147:tonnage
132:Wallula
3567:Rapids
3552:Cities
3536:Oregon
3517:states
2890:Winema
2841:Undine
2820:Tenino
2806:Teaser
2772:(1906)
2770:Relief
2736:(1947)
2728:(1875)
2705:Orient
2633:Nestor
2613:(1851)
2590:Mazama
2583:Mascot
2541:Logger
2527:Juneta
2478:Imnaha
2471:Ilwaco
2444:(1880)
2372:Elwood
2358:Dayton
2353:(1917)
2345:(1858)
2336:(1850)
2293:(1900)
2291:Bonita
2285:(1873)
2283:Beaver
2277:(1835)
2275:Beaver
2254:Athlon
2248:(1891)
2239:Altona
2093:Inland
2087:Routes
1989:Nestor
1987:, and
1906:
1851:
1822:
1795:
1766:
1741:
1692:
1580:, the
1401:Wrecks
1223:Bailey
1189:Bailey
1150:, and
1133:, the
1115:Altona
933:, and
919:Orient
911:Almota
891:Bonita
851:O.S.N.
812:, v1.)
775:O.S.N.
758:Tenino
754:Wright
691:Allan'
606:, and
568:Oregon
521:Oregon
405:Beaver
332:Imnaha
326:, and
174:Mascot
86:, and
78:, but
76:rapids
3545:Lists
3372:Other
2862:Wenat
2719:Pearl
2712:Otter
2464:Idaho
2232:Alice
1974:Norma
1960:Norma
1660:Notes
1486:Moyie
1461:Moyie
1445:Moyie
1295:pass.
887:Alice
832:Snake
687:Allan
675:Flint
600:Eagle
590:Allen
576:Belle
570:at a
564:Belle
214:Snake
198:Idaho
182:cords
124:Eagle
68:Snake
42:Many
3562:Dams
2799:Swan
2506:Jean
2386:Etna
1904:ISBN
1849:ISBN
1820:ISBN
1793:ISBN
1764:ISBN
1739:ISBN
1690:ISBN
1564:Rose
1511:, a
1495:Jean
1484:and
1448:and
1437:Jean
1334:Iris
1332:and
1278:The
1217:The
1072:and
976:and
768:The
695:Mary
374:and
366:and
334:and
212:and
200:and
102:The
66:and
50:and
3514:and
130:to
3792::
1983:,
1847:.
1845:10
1814:,
1803:^
1774:^
1749:^
1733:,
1700:^
1667:^
1588:.
1488:,
1007:.
937:.
929:,
925:,
921:,
917:,
913:,
909:,
905:,
901:,
897:,
893:,
889:,
885:,
881:,
877:,
873:,
869:,
865:,
861:,
857:,
602:,
592:,
588:,
562:.
492:.
452:.
378:.
362:,
358:,
330:.
322:,
94:.
3496:e
3489:t
3482:v
3243:e
3236:t
3229:v
3038:e
3031:t
3024:v
2202:e
2195:t
2188:v
2080:e
2073:t
2066:v
2042:e
2035:t
2028:v
1857:.
1383:.
268:.
26:.
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