1965:
702:. In previous eras, when state benefits were unheard of, those working on an estate were among the most fortunate, receiving secured employment and rent-free accommodation. At the summit of this category of people was the indoor staff of the country house. Unlike many of their contemporaries prior to the 20th century, they slept in proper beds, wore well-made adequate clothes and received three proper meals a day, plus a small wage. In an era when many still died from malnutrition or lack of medicine, the long working hours were a small price to pay.
176:
687:, reserved for the most eminent guests, the entertainment of whom was of paramount importance in establishing and maintaining the power of the owner. The common denominator of this category of English country houses is that they were designed to be lived in with a certain degree of ceremony and pomp. It was not unusual for the family to have a small suite of rooms for withdrawing in privacy away from the multitude that lived in the household. These houses were always an alternative residence to a London house.
51:
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855:. The members of the huge staff required to maintain large houses had either left to fight and never returned, departed to work in the munitions factories, or filled the void left by the fighting men in other workplaces. Of those who returned after the war, many left the countryside for better-paid jobs in towns. The final blow for many country houses came following
1223:
859:; having been requisitioned during the war, they were returned to the owners in poor repair. Many estate owners, having lost their heirs, if not in the immediately preceding war then in World War I, were now paying far higher rates of tax, and agricultural incomes had dropped. Thus, the solution for many was to hold
750:. These tend either to have evolved from medieval hall houses, with rooms added as required, or were purpose-built by relatively unknown local architects. Smaller, and far greater in number than the "power houses", these were still the epicentre of their own estate, but were often the only residence of their owner.
582:, 150 years later Inigo Jones, and then Wyatt followed by Chambers. Each employed a different style of architecture, seemingly unaware of the design of the wing around the next corner. These varying "improvements", often criticised at the time, today are the qualities that make English country houses unique.
683:. Such building reached its zenith from the late 17th century until the mid-18th century; these houses were often completely built or rebuilt in their entirety by one eminent architect in the most fashionable architectural style of the day and often have a suite of Baroque state apartments, typically in
753:
However, whether the owner of a "power house" or a small manor, the inhabitants of the
English country house have become collectively referred to as the ruling class, because this is exactly what they did in varying degrees, whether by having high political influence and power in national government,
843:
The slow decline of the
English country house coincided with the rise not just of taxation, but also of modern industry, along with the agricultural depression of the 1870s. By 1880, this had led some owners into financial shortfalls as they tried to balance maintenance of their estates with the
926:
scheme to ownership by various national or local museums, but retained for display in the building. This enables the former owners to offset tax, the payment of which would otherwise have necessitated the private sale of the art works. For example, tapestries and furniture at
805:
architectural styles popular throughout the 19th century. The builders of these new houses were able to take advantage of the political unrest in Europe that gave rise to a large trade in architectural salvage. This new wave of country house building is exemplified by the
99:, the estates, of which country houses were the hub, provided their owners with incomes. However, the late 19th and early 20th centuries were the swansong of the traditional English country house lifestyle. Increased taxation and the effects of World War I led to the
658:
are the largest of the country houses; in truth palaces, built by the country's most powerful – these were designed to display their owners' power or ambitions to power. Really large unfortified or barely fortified houses began to take over from the traditional
465:
had changed the face of
English domestic architecture completely, with the use of turrets and towers as an architectural reference to the earlier castles and fortified houses completely disappearing. The Palladian style, in various forms, interrupted briefly by
623:, provide no firm clue and are often only used because of a historical connection with the site of such a building. Therefore, for ease or explanation, Britain's country houses can be categorised according to the circumstances of their creation.
591:
Wealthy and influential people, often bored with their formal duties, go to the country in order to get out of London, the ugliest and most uncomfortable city in the world; they invented the long week-end to stay away as long as possible. Their
76:. This allowed them to spend time in the country and in the city—hence, for these people, the term distinguished between town and country. However, the term also encompasses houses that were, and often still are, the full-time residence for the
800:
of the 18th century, a third category of country houses was built as newly rich industrialists and bankers were eager to display their wealth and taste. By the 1850s, with the
English economy booming, new mansions were built in one of the many
690:
During the 18th and 19th centuries, for the highest echelons of
English society, the country house served as a place for relaxing, hunting and running the country with one's equals at the end of the week, with some houses having their own
705:
As a result of the aristocratic habit of only marrying within the aristocracy, and whenever possible to a sole heiress, many owners of country houses owned several country mansions, and would visit each according to the season:
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as buildings of historic interest with restrictions on restoration and re-creation work. However such work is usually very expensive. Several houses have been restored, some over many years. For example at
2217:
698:
The country house, however, was not just an oasis of pleasure for a fortunate few; it was the centre of its own world, providing employment to hundreds of people in the vicinity of its
839:. During the 20th century, many hundreds of country houses were demolished, their stone and fixtures sold. During this era, many fine architectural features were transported to the US.
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venue. While many country houses are open to the public and derive income through that means, they remain homes, in some cases inhabited by the descendants of their original owners.
898:
Today, many country houses have become hotels, schools, hospitals and museums, while others have survived as conserved ruins, but from the early 20th century until the early 1970s,
574:, one of England's grandest houses, is in a remarkably similar vein; although, while the Drydens, mere squires, at Canons Ashby employed a local architect, at Wilton the mighty
570:
façades added in the 18th century. The whole is a glorious mismatch of styles and fashions that seamlessly blend together. These could be called the true
English country house.
328:
The country houses of
England have evolved over the last five hundred years. Before this time, larger houses were usually fortified, reflecting the position of their owners as
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just for the racing season. For many, this way of life, which began a steady decline in 1914, continued well into the 20th century, and for a few continues to this day.
528:
492:
described it as "The most incomparable house in
Britain, the one which created the greatest impression and summarises so exquisitely English country life qualities".
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2603:
531:, often as interpreted by a local architect or surveyor, and determined by practicality as much as by the whims of architectural taste. An example of this is
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823:
100:
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There are no written terms for distinguishing between vast country palaces and comparatively small country houses; the descriptive terms, which can include
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1993:
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With large numbers of indoor and outdoor staff, country houses were important as places of employment for many rural communities. In turn, until the
2013:
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312:
in Dorset. Many country houses have evolved and been extended over several centuries. Here, the architecture runs from
Medieval ecclesiastical to
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2307:
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and often involving a murder in a country house temporarily isolated by a snowstorm or similar with the suspects all at a weekend house party.
496:
Some of the best known of
England's country houses were the work of only one architect/designer, built in a relatively short, particular time:
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in their name became private houses during this period. Other terms used in the names of houses to describe their origin or importance include
158:
is subject to debate, and avoided by historians and other academics. As a description of a country house, the term was first used in a poem by
882:
to the nation for the use of a prime minister who might not possess one of his or her own. Chequers still fulfills that need today as do both
183:
In England, the terms "country house" and "stately home" are sometimes used vaguely and interchangeably; however, many country houses such as
187:
in Buckinghamshire were deliberately designed not to be stately, and to harmonise with the landscape, while some of the great houses such as
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1973:
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income they provided. Some relied on funds from secondary sources such as banking and trade while others, like the severely impoverished
437:, that the first architect-designed mansions, thought of today as epitomising the English country house, began to make their appearance.
1196:
2730:
2558:
1998:
1470:
807:
470:, was to predominate until the second half of the 18th century when, influenced by ancient Greek styles, it gradually evolved into the
122:, is usually unfortified. If fortified, it is called a castle, but not all buildings with the name "castle" are fortified (for example
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were built as "power houses" to dominate the landscape, and were most certainly intended to be "stately" and impressive. In his book
1964:
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792:. During the Victorian era, vast country houses were built in a variety of styles by wealthy industrialists and bankers.
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in Somerset, a house of many periods that is unified architecturally by the continuing use of the same mellow, local
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to Queen Elizabeth I, was occupied for the next 400 years by his descendants, who were gentry without a London
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The lifestyles of those living and working in a country house in the early 20th century were recreated in a
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1620:
1602:
200:
172:, and in modern usage it often implies a country house that is open to visitors at least some of the time.
85:
2058:
2028:
1889:
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Despite this slow decline, so necessary was the country house for entertaining and prestige that in 1917
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2033:
1983:
1120:
1069:
932:
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However, the vast majority of English country houses, often owned at different times by gentlemen and
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2089:
1793:
1693:
Noble Households: Eighteenth-Century Inventories of Great English Houses. A Tribute to John Cornforth
1039:
802:
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was a popular genre of English detective fiction in the 1920s and 1930s; set in the residence of the
73:
527:, are an evolution of one or more styles with facades and wings in different styles in a mixture of
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only to have it quickly and drastically altered to provide space for the owner's twelve children.
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properties granted to the King's favourites, who then converted them into private country houses.
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1860:
1400:
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944:
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In the second category of Britain's country houses are those that belonged to the squirearchy or
684:
488:
in Somerset evolved from the Medieval period; its provincial architects are long forgotten. Yet,
259:
164:
2079:
1954:
1944:
1934:
1929:
692:
558:'s family, is another example of architectural evolution: a medieval farmhouse enlarged in the
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317:
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of stability in the country saw the building of the first of the unfortified great houses.
8:
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in the English countryside. Such houses were often owned by individuals who also owned a
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2003:
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in Scotland. Another television programme which features life in country houses is the
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551:
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1949:
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1606:
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453:, often built with the intention of attracting the monarch to visit. By the reign of
1640:
Gives much detail of how a smaller country house operated in the early 20th century.
1519:
814:(rebuilt in several styles, and famous for its code-breaking role in World War II).
754:
or in the day-to-day running of their own localities or "county" in such offices as
520:, rather than aristocracy. They finally ran out of funds in the early 20th century.
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was the first country house to open to the paying public, and also claims the first
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1204:
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935:. In addition, increasing numbers of country houses hold licences for weddings and
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832:
723:
501:
123:
1728:
Consuelo and Alva Vanderbilt: The Story of a Daughter and Mother in the Gilded Age
848:, sought to marry American heiresses to save their country houses and lifestyles.
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1914:
1819:
1797:
1726:
1239:"The Stately Homes of England" by Noël Coward (1938) was featured in his musical
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81:
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Although the ownership or management of some houses has been transferred to a
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is politics; they talk politics; and they make politics, quite spontaneously.
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547:
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450:
390:
208:
77:
663:
of the crown and magnates during the Tudor period, with vast houses such as
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571:
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357:
341:
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116:
can be a fortified or unfortified building, a country house, similar to an
89:
58:
54:
1829:
168:
in 1827. In the 20th century, the term was later popularised in a song by
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2142:
1430:
1110:
1095:
1049:
939:. Another source of income is to use the house as a venue for parties, a
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719:
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was transacted in these country houses, having functional antecedents in
2436:
2431:
2409:
2162:
2139:
2018:
1939:
1369:
Girouard, p2, describes a squire as "like a little king in his village.
887:
639:
175:
481:
203:
documents nineteen "stately homes"; these range in size from the vast
107:
2172:
2124:
2119:
1785:
1534:
Life in the English Country House: A Social and Architectural History
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915:
868:
864:
828:
559:
517:
329:
313:
220:
127:
1812:
922:, other houses have transferred art works and furnishings under the
320:, while at sometime an attempt at unity has been made by the use of
244:
879:
715:
711:
536:
442:
1775:
1435:
Mansions & Large Houses for Rent for Parties & Weddings UK
1824:
1580:
No Voice From the Hall: Early Memories of a Country House Snooper
1100:
781:
524:
467:
402:
305:
138:
112:
69:
1825:
Lost Heritage – A Memorial to the Lost Country Houses of England
902:. Houses that survived destruction are now mostly Grade I or II
911:
where the restoration started in 1995 continues to this day.
890:, donated for sole use of high-ranking ministers of the Crown.
707:
660:
384:
378:
372:
118:
37:"Stately home" redirects here. For the television episode, see
2182:
1813:
The DiCamillo Companion to British & Irish Country Houses
735:
366:
871:. This is what happened to many of Britain's finest houses.
562:
around a courtyard, given grandiose plaster ceilings in the
1776:
The National Trust – England, Wales, & Northern Ireland
1720:, 1988, Century Hutchinson/ National Trust, ISBN 0712622756
671:, and continued until the 18th century with houses such as
509:
396:
1465:
951:
27:
Larger house or mansion estate in England, United Kingdom
1790:
1780:
223:. The book's collection of stately homes also includes
215:, and in architecture from the Jacobean Renaissance of
824:
Destruction of country houses in 20th-century Britain
981:
30:"Country house" redirects here. For other uses, see
1725:
1531:
1498:The Making of the English Country House, 1500–1640
162:, "The Homes of England", originally published in
2232:
1516:Politics and the English Country House, 1688–1800
578:employed the finest architects of the day: first
2712:
1264:
1087:– country house architectural periods and styles
1085:List of historic buildings of the United Kingdom
863:and then demolish the house and sell its stone,
851:The ultimate demise began immediately following
1599:Historic Houses: Conversations in Stately Homes
1289:. New York: Harper & Brothers. p. 287.
449:are among the best-known examples of the showy
197:Historic Houses: Conversations in Stately Homes
103:; those that remained had to adapt to survive.
1551:Details the impact of social change on design.
1489:
429:It was during the second half of the reign of
2218:
1845:
1279:
1644:
1377:
1375:
1091:List of National Trust properties in England
1075:List of country houses in the United Kingdom
593:
1859:
1809:list of 2,000 properties open to the public
1319:"Rise and Fall of the English Stately Home"
734:in Buckinghamshire, and another house near
273:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
133:
2225:
2211:
1852:
1838:
1273:
900:hundreds of country houses were demolished
808:Rothschild properties in the home counties
1668:
1372:
293:Learn how and when to remove this message
84:. Frequently, the formal business of the
1526:
1518:(McGill-Queen's University Press, 2023)
1342:Robinson, 72-79, 83-85, 166-167, 181-187
827:
780:
630:
512:palaces, Montacute, although built by a
480:
304:
174:
137:
49:
1746:
1690:
1035:English country houses with changed use
1020:British country house contents auctions
741:
508:are examples. While the latter two are
14:
2713:
1723:
1574:
80:who dominated rural Britain until the
2604:Grants, Construction and Regeneration
2206:
1833:
1619:
1596:
1461:"Downton Abbey on MASTERPIECE on PBS"
97:agricultural depressions of the 1870s
1803:Hudson's Historic Houses and Gardens
1555:
1538:. New Haven: Yale University Press.
1495:
1473:from the original on 26 October 2019
1441:from the original on 8 February 2021
1411:from the original on 19 January 2019
271:adding citations to reliable sources
238:
1625:The Private Life of a Country House
1401:"Staying at an English Manor House"
1270:Country Life, Saturday, 7 May 1927.
1243:, which premiered in the same year.
1080:List of English Heritage properties
776:
24:
1431:"Large Houses to Rent for Parties"
585:
25:
2747:
2731:House types in the United Kingdom
1769:
1724:Stuart, Amanda Mackenzie (2005).
1650:The Perfect English Country House
474:championed by such architects as
2695:
2694:
1963:
1674:Rosebery: A Statesman in Turmoil
998:
984:
695:where performances were staged.
650:, one of the great power houses.
243:
101:demolition of hundreds of houses
1781:The National Trust for Scotland
1500:. London: Architectural Press.
1453:
1423:
1393:
1384:
1363:
1354:
1345:
1336:
1311:
1302:
1194:The lions and loins of Longleat
762:, or occasionally even clergy.
626:
57:is an English country house in
1732:. New York: Harper Perennial.
1652:. London: Pavilion Books ltd.
1597:Kroll, Alexander, ed. (1969).
1293:
1255:
1246:
1233:
1211:
1187:
1174:
350:Dissolution of the Monasteries
32:Country House (disambiguation)
13:
1:
2362:Minister of State for Housing
2234:Housing in the United Kingdom
1167:
364:and many other mansions with
1182:The Purefoy Letters, 1735–53
234:
199:, the author and journalist
7:
1791:Historic Houses Association
1560:. London: Aurum Press Ltd.
1558:The Victorian Country House
1490:Sources and further reading
1149:The Edwardian Country House
977:
957:The Edwardian Country House
433:, and under her successor,
10:
2752:
1718:The English Country Estate
1230:Retrieved 18 February 2011
1208:Retrieved 18 February 2011
1121:Treasure Houses of England
1070:List of castles in England
933:Victoria and Albert Museum
878:donated his country house
821:
817:
227:Brighton town palace, the
36:
29:
2721:Country houses in England
2690:
2660:
2630:Housing and town planning
2629:
2521:
2514:
2390:
2300:
2279:
2258:
2240:
2191:
2072:
2044:National Trust properties
1972:
1961:
1867:
1514:Coutu, Joan, et al. eds.
1040:Estate houses in Scotland
219:to the eccentricities of
2403:Birmingham Back to Backs
2178:English landscape garden
1796:24 February 2018 at the
1127:
1060:English landscape garden
893:
134:Stately homes of England
2726:Architecture in England
1861:Architecture of England
1754:. London: Aurum Press.
1691:Murdoch, Tessa (2006).
1676:. London: John Murray.
1582:. London: John Murray.
945:corporate entertainment
876:Viscount Lee of Fareham
2338:Reduction Bill 2016–17
1930:Strawberry Hill Gothic
1605:. London: Condé Nast.
1556:Hall, Michael (2009).
1496:Airs, Malcolm (1975).
954:television programme,
840:
793:
756:lord/deputy lieutenant
651:
609:
594:
493:
325:
318:Strawberry Hill Gothic
180:
151:
61:
41:Keeping Up Appearances
1752:England's Lost Houses
1714:Robinson, John Martin
1646:Lycett Green, Candida
1065:Licence to crenellate
1030:Country house theatre
931:are now owned by the
831:
798:Industrial Revolution
784:
767:Country house mystery
634:
589:
484:
308:
178:
141:
66:English country house
53:
2024:Renaissance theatres
2004:Round-tower churches
1199:29 June 2011 at the
742:Minor country houses
726:, for instance, had
665:Hampton Court Palace
267:improve this section
165:Blackwood's Magazine
142:In the 20th century
68:is a large house or
2355:Housing Corporation
2245:Housing in Scotland
1994:Medieval cathedrals
1989:Abbeys and priories
1601:. Discussions with
1407:. 6 November 2018.
1226:21 May 2016 at the
846:Duke of Marlborough
644:Matthew Brettingham
514:Master of the Rolls
336:overlords of their
2515:Parliamentary acts
2457:Reema construction
2153:Dartmoor longhouse
2148:Wealden hall house
1818:9 May 2008 at the
1627:. Stroud: Sutton.
1520:online book review
1308:Girouard, p. 2-12.
1116:Servants' quarters
1025:Country house poem
924:Acceptance in Lieu
918:, most notably at
841:
794:
652:
566:, and then having
494:
490:Christopher Hussey
326:
181:
152:
62:
2708:
2707:
2686:
2685:
2313:Energy efficiency
2200:
2199:
2110:Brighton and Hove
1999:Former cathedrals
1950:Bristol Byzantine
1739:978-0-06-093825-3
1706:978-0-9524322-5-8
1641:
1567:978-1-84513-457-0
1552:
1360:McKinstrey, p181.
1184:by L. G Mitchell.
1180:As documented in
861:contents auctions
576:Earls of Pembroke
533:Brympton d'Evercy
529:high architecture
486:Brympton d'Evercy
303:
302:
295:
211:to the minuscule
16:(Redirected from
2743:
2698:
2697:
2519:
2518:
2501:Weavers' cottage
2280:Cities and towns
2250:Housing in Wales
2227:
2220:
2213:
2204:
2203:
2039:Church monuments
2029:Listed buildings
1967:
1854:
1847:
1840:
1831:
1830:
1786:English Heritage
1765:
1743:
1731:
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962:Manderston House
937:civil ceremonies
777:Victorian houses
724:Earl of Rosebery
722:in England. The
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542:The fashionable
502:Chatsworth House
461:and his form of
352:saw many former
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39:"Stately Home" (
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786:Waddesdon Manor
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554:, home to poet
506:Blenheim Palace
498:Montacute House
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179:Blenheim Palace
150:outside Africa.
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669:Burghley House
642:, designed by
636:Kedleston Hall
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537:Ham Hill stone
447:Hatfield House
443:Longleat House
439:Burghley House
354:ecclesiastical
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229:Royal Pavilion
217:Hatfield House
213:Ebberston Hall
201:Robert Harling
189:Kedleston Hall
160:Felicia Hemans
144:Longleat House
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283:December 2015
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252:This section
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19:
18:Stately homes
2736:House styles
2506:Wealden hall
2491:Tower blocks
2452:Atholl steel
2414:
2398:Back-to-back
2372:Right to Buy
2318:Homelessness
2134:
2130:Bastle house
2009:Roman villas
1751:
1727:
1717:
1697:John Adamson
1692:
1673:
1649:
1624:
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1579:
1576:Harris, John
1557:
1533:
1515:
1497:
1475:. Retrieved
1464:
1455:
1443:. Retrieved
1434:
1425:
1413:. Retrieved
1404:
1395:
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1365:
1356:
1347:
1338:
1326:. Retrieved
1322:
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1295:
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1266:
1257:
1252:Girouard, p.
1248:
1235:
1218:
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1189:
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1176:
1159:
1147:
1140:
1135:Country Life
1133:
969:
960:, filmed at
955:
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873:
857:World War II
850:
842:
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710:shooting in
704:
697:
689:
681:Holkham Hall
656:great houses
653:
627:Power houses
620:
616:
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604:John Gunther
590:
572:Wilton House
552:Canons Ashby
544:William Kent
541:
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463:Palladianism
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358:Woburn Abbey
342:Tudor period
333:
330:feudal lords
327:
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265:Please help
253:
196:
193:Holkham Hall
182:
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156:stately home
155:
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90:manor houses
65:
63:
59:Lincolnshire
55:Belton House
47:
40:
2333:Gatekeeping
2064:Lighthouses
2019:Hall houses
1900:Elizabethan
1880:Saxo-Norman
1875:Anglo-Saxon
1323:Historic UK
1111:Roman villa
1096:Manor house
1050:Great house
909:Copped Hall
853:World War I
760:magistrates
720:fox hunting
648:Robert Adam
556:John Dryden
546:redesigned
476:Robert Adam
459:Inigo Jones
431:Elizabeth I
362:Forde Abbey
322:crenelation
310:Forde Abbey
225:George IV's
170:Noël Coward
148:safari park
2715:Categories
2163:Bath stone
2140:Oast house
2095:Manchester
2085:Birmingham
1976:structures
1940:Jacobethan
1920:Queen Anne
1477:29 October
1415:19 January
1381:Hall, p25.
1328:20 October
1241:"Operette"
1221:2 Dec 1982
1168:References
920:Chatsworth
888:Dorneywood
865:fireplaces
822:See also:
803:revivalist
640:Derbyshire
346:Henry VIII
316:and on to
74:town house
2496:Townhouse
2382:Squatting
2292:Liverpool
2271:Edwardian
2266:Victorian
2173:Flushwork
2125:Almshouse
2120:Fan vault
2090:Liverpool
2049:Windmills
1955:Brutalist
1945:Edwardian
1935:Victorian
1154:Channel 4
869:panelling
560:Tudor era
518:townhouse
455:Charles I
314:Palladian
254:does not
235:Evolution
221:Sezincote
154:The term
128:Hampshire
2700:Category
2469:Terraced
2391:Variants
2343:Scotland
2323:Act 2002
2194:Category
2059:Stadiums
1925:Georgian
1910:Carolean
1905:Jacobean
1816:Archived
1807:Hudson's
1794:Archived
1750:(2002).
1672:(2005).
1648:(1991).
1623:(1997).
1578:(1998).
1530:(1978).
1471:Archived
1445:22 March
1439:Archived
1409:Archived
1283:(1940).
1224:Archived
1197:Archived
978:See also
880:Chequers
833:Trentham
716:pheasant
712:Scotland
685:enfilade
601:—
568:Georgian
334:de facto
106:While a
86:counties
2522:Housing
2328:England
2301:General
2287:Glasgow
2105:Bristol
2034:Museums
1984:Castles
1156:series)
1101:Mansion
818:Decline
693:theatre
661:castles
580:Holbein
468:baroque
435:James I
403:mansion
275:removed
260:sources
113:Schloss
108:château
70:mansion
2474:Byelaw
2427:Estate
2143:(cowl)
2080:London
1885:Norman
1868:Styles
1758:
1736:
1703:
1680:
1656:
1631:
1609:
1586:
1564:
1542:
1504:
968:series
904:listed
867:, and
771:gentry
708:Grouse
700:estate
613:castle
606:, 1940
595:métier
504:, and
445:, and
420:, and
385:castle
379:palace
373:priory
340:. The
338:manors
185:Ascott
119:Ansitz
2447:Airey
2073:Other
1895:Tudor
1128:Media
943:or a
894:Today
736:Epsom
621:court
617:manor
525:peers
510:ducal
423:place
417:manor
412:house
391:court
367:abbey
110:or a
2678:1900
2673:1890
2668:1885
2652:2016
2647:1986
2642:1919
2637:1909
2621:2023
2616:2008
2611:2004
2599:1996
2594:1988
2589:1985
2584:1980
2579:1969
2574:1961
2569:1957
2564:1949
2559:1944
2554:1936
2549:1935
2544:1933
2539:1930
2534:1924
2529:1874
2437:Oast
2432:Hall
2420:List
2410:Boot
2100:Bath
1756:ISBN
1734:ISBN
1701:ISBN
1678:ISBN
1654:ISBN
1629:ISBN
1607:ISBN
1584:ISBN
1562:ISBN
1540:ISBN
1502:ISBN
1479:2019
1447:2017
1417:2019
1330:2022
886:and
810:and
765:The
679:and
667:and
654:The
646:and
619:and
408:park
397:hall
258:any
256:cite
207:and
191:and
1466:PBS
1152:(a
966:ITV
952:BBC
638:in
370:or
348:'s
269:by
130:).
126:in
64:An
2717::
1805:–
1716:,
1699:.
1469:.
1463:.
1433:.
1403:.
1374:^
1321:.
974:.
835:,
788:,
758:,
714:,
675:,
615:,
539:.
500:,
478:.
457:,
441:,
426:.
414:,
410:,
406:,
400:,
394:,
388:,
382:,
360:,
332:,
231:.
92:.
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2219:t
2212:v
1853:e
1846:t
1839:v
1764:.
1742:.
1709:.
1686:.
1662:.
1637:.
1615:.
1592:.
1570:.
1548:.
1510:.
1481:.
1449:.
1419:.
1332:.
324:.
296:)
290:(
285:)
281:(
277:.
263:.
45:.
43:)
34:.
20:)
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