201:
311:. Facilities included three open hearth steelmaking furnaces, a hot rolling mill for coil and sheets, and a tinplate plant. In 1960 the board at Klöckner authorised a second phase (200 million Deutschmarks) to increase capacity to 1 million tons. In 1960 the ultimate aim was to develop the site as a full steel mill with a production capacity of 4 to 5 million tons of steel pa. By the 1960s the workforce had risen to 6,000 – many of the new workers were immigrants, predominately from
337:– in return Klöckner agreed to reduce production capacity from 4.2 to 3.7 million tons pa. In late 1993 a consortium comprising Klöckner (33.35%) and mainly public funding from the Hanseatische Industrie Beteiligungen GmbH (HIBEG) (31.99%) and Stadtwerke Bremen AG (SW) (13.33%) proposed re-capitalising the business (c. 250 million Deutschmarks, plus loans), as Klöckner Stahl GmbH, after acquiring the business for a nominal sum; due to the largely
296:
37:
283:
practically ended production at the plant by 1945. As part of reparations after the war, the vanadium plant was shipped to France. The blast furnaces were demolished in 1949, whilst the coking plant was retained, due to its necessity in supplying Bremen with gas. The cement plant was also retained
228:
by sea began in 1910, and in on 2 April 1911 the first of two blast furnaces built became operational. Other initially built facilities included 80 coke ovens with associated ammonia and tar plants. By 1912 a (slag) cement plant, benzene plant, third blast furnace, and a further 40 coke ovens had
264:
two blast furnaces and the cement plant were idled, and 850 workers laid off, with the workforce reduced to a low of around 200 in 1933. Blast furnaces were restarted in 1935 and 1937/8. As part of economic policy toward self-sufficiency under
165:. After growth during the 1960s and 1970s the business began to experience financial problems, and in the early 1990s Klöckner became effectively bankrupt. In 1994 the steelworks at Bremen was acquired by
360:
to acquire the business. Blast furnace 3 was permanently closed in 1994, reducing production capacity by 500,000 tons pa. In 1994 Sidmar acquired a controlling stake (51%) in the company.
79:
333:) leading to financial problems for the company. In order to prevent bankruptcy, Klöckner sought to have written off 40% of a 175 million Deutschmark loan from the
748:
734:
307:
The first stage of redevelopment was completed in 1957 at a cost of c. 400 million
Deutschmarks, giving a capacity of c. 600,000 tons steel
322:
A galvanising line called BREGAL (Bremer
Galvanisierungs GmbH) was authorised in 1991, as a joint venture between Klöckner, Ägäis Stahlhandel and
277:
installed as a technical director at the plant. During the Second World War the workforce reached 1500, of which half were forced labourers.
233:
was supplied to the Bremen region. Initial plans to add steel plant, foundry and rolling mills were not completed – the plant's main product
695:
565:"The Commission authorises the Creation by Kloeckner Stahl, Aegaeis Stahlhandel and Rautaruukki (Germany) of a joint venture, BREGAL GMBH"
774:
837:
785:
334:
280:
17:
619:"Commission Accepts Promise to Close ARBED Rolling Mill in Place of Earlier Closure Commitment by Klöckner Stahl"
346:
367:, Tailored Blank Bremen GmbH, was added in 1998, and a second galvanising line, BREGAL 2, in 2001.
713:
636:
315:. Second and third blast furnaces were completed in the mid-1960s and early-1970s respectively;
847:
842:
316:
252:
became the major shareholder. Much of the workforce was also from outside Bremen, both from
151:- much of the works was destroyed or dismantled during and immediately after the end of the
8:
357:
209:
618:
600:
564:
656:"Commission Approves Purchase of Additional Shares vy Sidmar NV in Kloecknerstahl GMBH"
655:
601:"Commission Decides that Proceedings Against Kloeckner Stahl GMBH Are to Be Terminated"
582:
200:
761:
338:
319:
steelmaking converters were added in 1968 at a cost of 92 million
Deutschmarks.
224:
was developed, with the construction of the central harbour (1907–10). Deliveries of
261:
217:
152:
221:
364:
342:
401:, was acquired and added an additional galvanising line. In 2011 a subsidiary
329:
During the mid-1980s oversupply compounded a weakened economic situation (see
308:
831:
386:
379:
270:
184:
95:
81:
793:
330:
274:
266:
323:
300:
135:
156:
253:
817:
374:
through the merger of its parent and in 2006 the company was renamed
352:
In July 1994, an altered consortium incorporating private steel firm
733:
Hemmer, Eike; Meyerholz, Horst; Tech, Daniel, eds. (29 March 2011),
295:
284:
for rebuilding work, supplied with bricks from destroyed buildings.
475:
473:
458:
446:
234:
230:
225:
123:
583:"Commission Initiates Proceedings in Respect of Aid to Kloeckner"
410:
390:
371:
180:
470:
434:
422:
341:
nature of the shareholders the proposal was investigated by the
36:
406:
353:
312:
257:
176:
166:
139:
249:
245:
238:
696:"Galvex Estonia OÜ uus nimi on ArcelorMittal Tallinn OÜ"
187:(2006) through mergers of the parent holding company.
677:
675:
673:
671:
669:
273:
production began. Forced labour was introduced, with
497:
248:
group (Saar) became a major shareholder; after 1927
145:
An ironworks was established on the site in 1911 as
732:
514:
512:
479:
464:
452:
440:
428:
287:In 1954 Klöckner took over the Norddeutsche Hütte.
666:
195:
829:
509:
299:Stahlwerke Bremen from the opposite bank of the
159:established a new steel works on the same site,
47:Klöckner Hutte Bremen (Klöckner Werke AG) (1957)
485:
644:, U.S. Geological Survey, 1994, pp. 86–87
638:The Mineral Industry of Belgium and Luxembourg
382:through merger of the parent holding company.
736:Dokumentation 100 Jahre Hochöfen an der Weser
216:with a capital of 6 million Marks, and with
749:"Die Geschichte der Bremer Stahlproduktion"
208:In 1906 a consortium led by shipping firm
35:
772:
503:
356:(25% stake) was given permission by the
294:
269:a steel production plant was added, and
212:was formed, and in 1908 established the
199:
14:
830:
815:
784:
681:
409:and added a supplying coking plant in
746:
518:
378:. In 2007 the company became part of
214:Norddeutsche Hütte Aktiengesellschaft
759:
747:Knief, Alexandra (28 January 2016),
629:
547:Bulletin of the European Communities
491:
220:as chairman. In the same period the
134:is a steelworks on the banks of the
818:"ARCELOR STAHLWERKE BREMEN, BREMEN"
693:
370:In 2002 the company became part of
24:
773:Wolschner, Klaus (28 March 2011),
25:
859:
809:
480:Hemmer, Meyerholz & Tech 2011
465:Hemmer, Meyerholz & Tech 2011
453:Hemmer, Meyerholz & Tech 2011
441:Hemmer, Meyerholz & Tech 2011
429:Hemmer, Meyerholz & Tech 2011
335:European Coal and Steel Community
534:, vol. 34, 1969, p. 94
706:
687:
648:
611:
593:
575:
557:
538:
397:(established in 1997), renamed
290:
524:
196:Norddeutsche Hütte (1911-1945)
13:
1:
416:
229:been installed; additionally
51:Stahlwerke Bremen GmbH (1994)
775:"100 Jahre Eisen und Arbeit"
715:RAG verkauft Kokerei Prosper
694:Aru, Erik (14 August 2008),
545:"Klockner and Rautaruukki",
7:
760:Topf, Erwin (20 May 1960),
403:ArcelorMittal Bottrop GmbH.
10:
864:
838:Steel companies of Germany
725:
718:(in German), 21 April 2011
204:Norddeutsche Hütte c. 1911
190:
175:; it later became part of
53:Arcelor Bremen GmbH (2006)
49:Klöckner Stahl GmbH (1986)
119:
73:
69:Norddeutsche Hütte (1911)
65:
57:
43:
34:
790:bremen.arcelormittal.com
762:"Die Hütte an der Weser"
385:In 2008 a subsidiary at
124:bremen.arcelormittal.com
363:A subsidiary providing
304:
205:
155:. In 1957 steel group
399:ArcelorMittal Tallinn
317:Linz-Donawitz process
298:
203:
162:Klöckner Hütte Bremen
132:ArcelorMittal Bremen
30:ArcelorMittal Bremen
786:"Unsere Geschichte"
753:www.weser-kurier.de
376:Arcelor Bremen GmbH
358:European Commission
237:was shipped to the
210:Norddeutscher Lloyd
91: /
31:
405:was acquired from
305:
206:
148:Norddeutsche Hütte
29:
822:www.stahlseite.de
816:Niggemeier, Uwe,
662:, 10 January 1995
589:, 26 January 1994
467:, pp. 14–17.
172:Stahlwerke Bremen
129:
128:
107:Stahlwerke Bremen
18:Stahlwerke Bremen
16:(Redirected from
855:
824:
804:
803:
801:
792:, archived from
781:
769:
756:
743:
741:
720:
719:
710:
704:
703:
700:arileht.delfi.ee
691:
685:
679:
664:
663:
652:
646:
645:
643:
633:
627:
626:
615:
609:
608:
597:
591:
590:
579:
573:
572:
561:
555:
554:
542:
536:
535:
528:
522:
516:
507:
501:
495:
489:
483:
477:
468:
462:
456:
455:, p. 13-14.
450:
444:
438:
432:
426:
262:Great Depression
218:Heinrich Wiegand
153:Second World War
115:
114:
112:
111:
110:
108:
103:
102:
97:
96:53.124°N 8.689°E
92:
89:
88:
87:
84:
39:
32:
28:
21:
863:
862:
858:
857:
856:
854:
853:
852:
828:
827:
812:
807:
799:
797:
796:on 7 April 2016
739:
728:
723:
712:
711:
707:
692:
688:
680:
667:
654:
653:
649:
641:
635:
634:
630:
617:
616:
612:
599:
598:
594:
581:
580:
576:
563:
562:
558:
553:(1–6): 16, 1991
544:
543:
539:
530:
529:
525:
517:
510:
502:
498:
490:
486:
478:
471:
463:
459:
451:
447:
439:
435:
427:
423:
419:
365:tailored blanks
347:state aid rules
293:
198:
193:
106:
104:
100:
98:
94:
93:
90:
85:
82:
80:
78:
77:
52:
50:
48:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
861:
851:
850:
845:
840:
826:
825:
811:
810:External links
808:
806:
805:
782:
770:
757:
744:
729:
727:
724:
722:
721:
705:
686:
665:
647:
628:
625:, 27 July 1994
610:
607:, 27 July 1994
592:
574:
556:
537:
523:
508:
504:Wolschner 2011
496:
484:
469:
457:
445:
433:
420:
418:
415:
343:European Union
292:
289:
222:port of Bremen
197:
194:
192:
189:
127:
126:
121:
117:
116:
75:
71:
70:
67:
63:
62:
59:
55:
54:
45:
41:
40:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
860:
849:
848:ArcelorMittal
846:
844:
843:Bremen (city)
841:
839:
836:
835:
833:
823:
819:
814:
813:
795:
791:
787:
783:
780:
776:
771:
767:
763:
758:
754:
750:
745:
738:
737:
731:
730:
717:
716:
709:
702:(in Estonian)
701:
697:
690:
683:
678:
676:
674:
672:
670:
661:
657:
651:
640:
639:
632:
624:
620:
614:
606:
602:
596:
588:
584:
578:
570:
566:
560:
552:
548:
541:
533:
527:
520:
515:
513:
505:
500:
493:
488:
482:, p. 17.
481:
476:
474:
466:
461:
454:
449:
443:, p. 14.
442:
437:
431:, p. 13.
430:
425:
421:
414:
412:
408:
404:
400:
396:
392:
388:
387:Muuga Harbour
383:
381:
380:ArcelorMittal
377:
373:
368:
366:
361:
359:
355:
350:
348:
344:
340:
336:
332:
327:
325:
320:
318:
314:
310:
302:
297:
288:
285:
282:
278:
276:
272:
271:ferrovanadium
268:
263:
260:. During the
259:
255:
251:
247:
242:
240:
236:
232:
227:
223:
219:
215:
211:
202:
188:
186:
185:ArcelorMittal
182:
178:
174:
173:
168:
164:
163:
158:
154:
150:
149:
143:
141:
137:
133:
125:
122:
118:
113:
101:53.124; 8.689
76:
72:
68:
64:
60:
56:
46:
42:
38:
33:
27:
19:
821:
798:, retrieved
794:the original
789:
778:
765:
752:
735:
714:
708:
699:
689:
659:
650:
637:
631:
622:
613:
604:
595:
586:
577:
571:, 7 May 1991
568:
559:
550:
546:
540:
531:
526:
499:
487:
460:
448:
436:
424:
402:
398:
394:
384:
375:
369:
362:
351:
331:Steel crisis
328:
321:
306:
291:1954-present
286:
279:
275:Otto Hofmann
267:Nazi Germany
244:In 1922 the
243:
213:
207:
183:(2002), and
171:
170:
161:
160:
147:
146:
144:
131:
130:
74:Headquarters
26:
768:(in German)
766:www.zeit.de
755:(in German)
742:(in German)
393:, formerly
324:Rautaruukki
301:River Weser
142:, Germany.
136:River Weser
99: /
66:Predecessor
832:Categories
779:www.taz.de
682:Geschichte
519:Knief 2016
417:References
345:under its
254:Westphalia
169:, renamed
105: (
83:53°07′26″N
660:europa.eu
623:europa.eu
605:europa.eu
587:europa.eu
569:europa.eu
492:Topf 1960
256:and from
86:8°41′20″E
800:24 April
241:region.
235:pig iron
231:coke gas
226:iron ore
157:Klöckner
58:Industry
44:Formerly
726:Sources
411:Bottrop
391:Estonia
372:Arcelor
281:Bombing
191:History
181:Arcelor
120:Website
395:Galvex
354:Sidmar
339:public
313:Turkey
303:(2005)
258:Poland
177:Usinor
167:Sidmar
140:Bremen
740:(PDF)
642:(PDF)
532:Stahl
250:Krupp
246:Stumm
61:Steel
802:2016
239:Ruhr
407:RAG
389:in
138:in
834::
820:,
788:,
777:,
764:,
751:,
698:,
668:^
658:,
621:,
603:,
585:,
567:,
551:24
549:,
511:^
472:^
413:.
349:.
326:.
309:pa
179:,
684:.
521:.
506:.
494:.
109:)
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
