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31:
45:
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100:
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75:
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While foraging on the ground, the Ceylon junglefowl male utters some short calls “kreeu, kreeu, kreeuu”. It also utters high-pitched rooster-like crow “cor-cor-chow” at dawn, often from a tree-branch. The female gives some “kwikkuk, kwikkukkuk”. The male is more vocal during the breeding season with
581:
The Sri Lankan junglefowl is most closely related to the grey junglefowl, though physically the male resembles the red junglefowl. Female Sri Lankan junglefowl are very similar to those of the grey junglefowl. Like the green junglefowl, Sri Lankan junglefowl are island species that have evolved side
678:
The hen incubates her eggs, while the alpha male guards her nest from a nearby perch during the nesting season. The beta males remain in close proximity, and guard the nesting territory from intruders or potential predators, such as rival males, or snakes and mongooses. Sri Lankan junglefowl are
702:
and other bacterial diseases common in domestic poultry. The chicks, and to a slightly lesser extent the adults, are incapable of using vegetable-based proteins and fats. Their dietary requirements cannot be met with commercial processed food materials. As a result, they are exceedingly rare in
645:
in a nest, either on the forest floor in steep hill country or in the abandoned nests of other birds and squirrels. Like the grey and green junglefowl, male Sri Lankan junglefowl play an active role in nest protection and chick rearing.
582:
by side with their similarly stranded island predators and competitors. Uniquely complex anti-predator behaviors and foraging strategies are integral components in the long evolutionary story of the Sri Lankan junglefowl.
658:, in that a single female is typically linked with two or three males that form a pride of sorts. These males are likely to be siblings. The female pairs with the alpha male of the pride and nests high off the ground.
694:
are also highly important to the growth and survivability of the juvenile and subadult Sri Lankan junglefowl. In captivity, this species is particularly vulnerable to a poultry disease caused by the bacteria
288:. Sri Lankan junglefowl and red junglefowl diverged about 2.8 million years ago, whereas time of divergence between the Sri Lankan junglefowl and grey junglefowl was 1.8 million years ago.
661:
Her eggs are highly variable in colour, but generally are cream with a yellow or pink tint. Purple or brownish spots are common. Occasionally, a female produces red eggs or blotched eggs.
318:
The male Sri Lankan junglefowl ranges from 66–72 cm (26–28 in) in length and 790–1,140 g (1.74–2.51 lb) in weight, essentially resembling a large, muscular
626:
As with other jungle fowl, Sri Lankan jungle fowl are primarily terrestrial. They spend most of their time foraging for food by scratching the ground for various
679:
unique amongst the junglefowl in the brevity of their incubation, which may be as short as 20 days as contrasted with the 21–26 days of the green junglefowl.
1469:
1273:
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347:
The female is much smaller, at only 35 cm (14 in) in length and 510–645 g (1.124–1.422 lb) in weight, with dull brown
322:. The male has orange-red body plumage, and dark purple to black wings and tail. The feathers of the mane descending from head to base of
1175:
770:
Specimen from
Temminck's former private collection: tailless mutant of Sri Lankan junglefowl which served as model for watercolour (
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300:
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advertising calls and various sounds during displays, as well with female as with rivals and in territorial defence.
1577:
30:
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315:; the male is much larger than the female, with more vivid plumage and a highly exaggerated wattle and comb.
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are golden, and the face has bare red skin and wattles. The comb is red with a yellow centre.
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Evidence of introgressive hybridization from Sri Lanka junglefowl has also been established in
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1304:
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8:
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from which the chicken was domesticated. However, it is even more closely related to the
64:
1027:
829:
1044:
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312:
94:
1012:"A genetic variation map for chicken with 2.8 million single-nucleotide polymorphisms"
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The chicks require a constant diet of live food, usually insects and isopods such as
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1127:"On Temminck's tailless Ceylon Junglefowl, and how Darwin denied their existence"
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972:
Tiley, G.P.; Pandey, A.; Kimball, R.T.; Braun, E.L.; Burleigh, J.G. (2020).
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The reproductive strategy of this species is best described as facultative
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606:. This species is found from sea-level up to 2000 metres of elevation.
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In 1807, a tailless Sri Lankan junglefowl was described by the Dutch
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Watercolour of tailless mutant of Sri Lankan junglefowl (1806) by
1368:
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367:
348:
319:
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As with other junglefowl, the Sri Lankan junglefowl is strongly
299:
of the Sri Lankan junglefowl commemorates the French aristocrat
1221:
803:
775:
683:
635:
121:
1430:
631:
821:
672:
627:
351:
with white patterning on the lower belly and breast, ideal
141:
1125:
Grouw, Hein van; Dekkers, Wim; Rookmaaker, Kees (2017).
971:
881:"The wild species genome ancestry of domestic chickens"
1124:
1095:"VERNACULAR NAMES OF BIRDS OF THE INDIAN SUBCONTINENT"
827:
731:
954:by John B. Dunning Jr. (Editor). CRC Press (1992),
1008:International Chicken Polymorphism Map Consortium
853:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22679209A92807515.en
1554:
1176:images and movies of the Sri Lanka junglefowl
725:
1131:Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club
594:, and is commonly spotted at sites such as
376:. The other three members of the genus are
929:del Hoyo, J. Elliott, A. and Sargatal, J.
219:
73:
43:
29:
1152:
1142:
1043:
993:
906:
896:
851:
785:
765:
740:, it is known as இலங்கைக் காட்டுக்கோழி (
663:
608:
328:
301:Gilbert du Motier, marquis de La Fayette
874:
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1555:
978:: introgression and data‑type effects"
1188:
1187:
947:
945:
878:
715:
1065:
1063:
1009:
867:
1563:IUCN Red List least concern species
839:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
13:
942:
931:Handbook of the Birds of the World
747:
690:. In particular, the juveniles of
590:It is common in forests and scrub
14:
1594:
1165:
1060:
952:CRC Handbook of Avian Body Masses
879:Lawal, R.A.; et al. (2020).
569:showing the species in the genus
361:
98:
828:BirdLife International (2016).
649:
340:, the cock does not possess an
272:. It is closely related to the
1118:
1087:
1010:Wong, GK; et al. (2004).
1002:
965:
923:
306:
1:
814:
800:Naturalis Biodiversity Center
794:(1768–1849), commissioned by
772:Naturalis Biodiversity Center
1144:10.25226/bboc.v137i4.2017.a3
621:
7:
974:"Whole genome phylogeny of
759:(1778–1858). He named them
732:
10:
1599:
1573:Endemic birds of Sri Lanka
995:10.1186/s40657-020-00194-w
585:
1583:Taxa named by René Lesson
1328:
1196:
898:10.1186/s12915-020-0738-1
726:
613:Sri Lankan Junglefowl at
511:
487:
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425:
418:
227:
218:
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95:Scientific classification
93:
71:
62:
51:
42:
37:
28:
23:
846:: e.T22679209A92807515.
706:
641:Females lay two to four
56:Sinharaja Forest Reserve
1578:Birds described in 1831
796:Coenraad Jacob Temminck
757:Coenraad Jacob Temminck
811:
783:
675:
618:
370:of birds in the genus
333:
254:Lafayette's junglefowl
24:Sri Lankan junglefowl
1075:www.oiseaux-birds.com
789:
769:
667:
612:
490:Sri Lankan junglefowl
332:
256:, is a member of the
248:), also known as the
236:Sri Lankan junglefowl
366:This is one of four
355:for a nesting bird.
260:bird order which is
1071:"Ceylon Junglefowl"
1036:10.1038/nature03156
1028:2004Natur.432..717B
792:Jean-Gabriel Prêtre
742:ilaṅkaik kāṭṭukkōḻi
65:Conservation status
1178:(Gallus lafayetii)
812:
784:
716:In other languages
676:
619:
334:
313:sexually dimorphic
268:, where it is the
244:sometimes spelled
186:G. lafayettii
1550:
1549:
1540:Gallus-lafayettii
1360:Gallus lafayettii
1330:Gallus lafayettii
1300:Open Tree of Life
1190:Taxon identifiers
1022:(7018): 717–722.
960:978-0-8493-4258-5
832:Gallus lafayettii
724:, it is known as
669:Gallus lafayettii
579:
578:
560:
559:
551:
550:
542:
541:
533:
532:
518:Gallus sonneratii
494:Gallus lafayettii
250:Ceylon junglefowl
241:Gallus lafayettii
232:
231:
204:Gallus lafayettii
88:
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1374:E91A2FA8BA33D3DC
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1227:gallus-lafayetii
1217:
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1198:Gallus lafayetii
1185:
1184:
1159:
1158:
1156:
1146:
1122:
1116:
1115:
1113:
1112:
1106:
1100:. Archived from
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761:Gallus ecaudatus
735:
729:
728:
615:Sinharaja Forest
483:
482:
452:
451:
428:Green junglefowl
421:
420:
408:
407:
403:
402:
394:green junglefowl
338:green junglefowl
293:domestic chicken
246:Gallus lafayetii
223:
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103:
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82:
77:
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33:
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1522:Observation.org
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750:
748:Tailless mutant
718:
709:
652:
624:
588:
561:
552:
543:
534:
514:Grey junglefowl
386:grey junglefowl
364:
358:
342:eclipse plumage
309:
286:grey junglefowl
214:
208:
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97:
89:
78:
74:
67:
53:
17:
16:Species of bird
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11:
5:
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1166:External links
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1137:(4): 261–271.
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982:Avian Research
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459:Red junglefowl
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378:red junglefowl
363:
362:Classification
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274:red junglefowl
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1107:on 2010-04-01
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934:Lynx Edicions
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798:(1778–1858) (
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463:Gallus gallus
460:
454:
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432:Gallus varius
429:
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390:G. sonneratii
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303:(1757–1834).
302:
298:
297:specific name
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271:
270:national bird
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195:Binomial name
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80:Least Concern
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27:
22:
19:
1329:
1197:
1177:
1171:
1154:10141/622616
1134:
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1120:
1109:. Retrieved
1102:the original
1089:
1078:. Retrieved
1074:
1019:
1015:
1004:
985:
981:
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925:
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884:
857:. Retrieved
843:
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741:
719:
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650:Reproduction
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336:As with the
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185:
184:
172:
58:, Sri Lanka
18:
1568:Junglefowls
1457:iNaturalist
1354:Wikispecies
885:BMC Biology
859:19 November
808:Netherlands
780:Netherlands
733:wali kukula
703:captivity.
307:Description
258:Galliformes
162:Phasianidae
152:Galliformes
1557:Categories
1535:Xeno-canto
1111:2014-10-13
1080:2020-12-25
891:(13): 13.
815:References
727:වළි කුකුළා
698:Salmonella
692:land crabs
353:camouflage
282:junglefowl
1345:Q21346306
938:Barcelona
754:zoologist
736:) and in
656:polyandry
630:, fallen
622:Behaviour
604:Sinharaja
596:Kitulgala
567:Cladogram
398:G. varius
382:G. gallus
278:G. gallus
266:Sri Lanka
180:Species:
118:Kingdom:
112:Eukaryota
1501:22679209
1475:11168318
1387:22679209
1382:BirdLife
1339:Wikidata
1279:10219030
1207:Wikidata
1054:15592405
917:32050971
700:pullorum
688:pillbugs
592:habitats
524:, 1813)
522:Temminck
500:, 1831)
469:, 1758)
467:Linnaeus
438:, 1798)
158:Family:
132:Chordata
128:Phylum:
122:Animalia
108:Domain:
85:IUCN 3.1
54:both in
1449:5227767
1436:ceyjun1
1410:ceyjun1
1369:Avibase
1266:5227766
1213:Q256168
1045:2263125
1024:Bibcode
908:7014787
722:Sinhala
684:sowbugs
636:insects
617:Reserve
586:Habitat
416:
392:), and
368:species
349:plumage
320:rooster
262:endemic
168:Genus:
148:Order:
138:Class:
83: (
1488:176087
1462:367470
1400:857510
1305:153554
1292:553881
1253:GALULA
1222:ARKive
1172:ARKive
1052:
1042:
1016:Nature
976:Gallus
958:
915:
905:
806:, the
804:Leiden
778:, the
776:Leiden
634:, and
602:, and
572:Gallus
498:Lesson
413:Gallus
373:Gallus
295:. The
228:Range
213:, 1831
211:Lesson
173:Gallus
52:Female
1527:70365
1470:IRMNG
1431:eBird
1423:3F72L
1407:BOW:
1274:IRMNG
1240:3F72K
1105:(PDF)
1098:(PDF)
988:(7).
738:Tamil
707:Sound
632:fruit
628:seeds
324:spine
38:Male
1514:9032
1509:NCBI
1496:IUCN
1483:ITIS
1444:GBIF
1395:BOLD
1318:7268
1287:ITIS
1261:GBIF
1248:EPPO
1050:PMID
956:ISBN
913:PMID
861:2021
844:2016
686:and
673:MHNT
643:eggs
600:Yala
436:Shaw
234:The
142:Aves
1418:CoL
1313:TSA
1235:CoL
1149:hdl
1139:doi
1135:137
1040:PMC
1032:doi
1020:432
990:doi
903:PMC
893:doi
848:doi
744:).
720:In
400:).
384:),
264:to
252:or
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