Square dance - Knowledge

557:. This modern form of square dancing is taught in around 30 countries, including the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, Australia, Belgium, France, Germany, Denmark, Sweden, Norway, Finland, Switzerland, the Netherlands, Australia, China, Japan, and Russia. Within Europe, the majority of square dance clubs are in Germany and the United Kingdom. All teach the Callerlab syllabus, but there are slight style and call title variations throughout the world. Because of this standardization, anyone with the proper training can dance modern western square dancing in many countries around the world. Instruction is typically given in the local language, but the calls are always in English, allowing people to dance internationally once they learn the calls. 1024:. The clubs offer classes, socials, and dance evenings and arrange larger dances that are usually open to non-club members. In Britain, square dance clubs are affiliated with the British Association of American Square Dance Clubs, which also organizes the teaching of modern western square dance to Callerlab definitions. Most square dance events in Britain are run according to the Callerlab syllabus by a caller who is either a member of Callerlab or of the Square Dance Callers Club of Great Britain, and the level of dancing is indicated on the publicity material, as in "Mainstream" or "Mainstream with Pre-Announced Plus". Céilidh and barn dance events are also often advertised as being square dance events. 714: 537: 1005: 871:. The Mainstream program, which is the default level of achievement, consists of close to 70 basic and mainstream calls. Rather than learning a complete routine, modern western square dancers learn basic movements and calls but do not know in what order they will be called. Unlike traditional square dance, two modern western dances are rarely alike. Most modern western square dancers participate only in the programs they have fully learned. Callerlab, the callers' international association, sets all programs and governs the training of callers. 1055: 818: 891: 272: 95: 197: 54: 462: 1756: 526:

dancing, through books and square dancing events. Ford also promoted square dance classes in public school, which were present in half of all American schools by 1928 as part of the standard physical education curriculum. Modern western square dance evolved in square dance events funded by Ford, using direction and guidance prepared by Colorado school superintendent Lloyd "Pappy" Shaw.

485:, and Western. The New England and Appalachian styles have been particularly well documented in the early U.S. and have survived to the 21st century. There are several other styles, some of which have survived or been revived while others have not. Where traditional square dance has been revived, it encompasses a wide range of new choreography. 1058: 1057: 1063: 1061: 1056: 821: 820: 1042:. Although many modern western square dancers in Britain wear traditional square dance attire, events often have a relaxed dress code. Where traditional square dancing exists as a community social dance, sometimes in the form of a barn dance or a cèilidh, people often dress up, though their clothing is not square-dance-specific. 826: 824: 819: 1062: 413:

calling out the steps. This practice became common by the early 1900s and gave rise to the modern caller. Between 1940 and 1960, modern western square dance evolved from the western style of traditional square dance that had formed in the United States. Traditional western square dancing was promoted beginning in the 1930s by

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If most figures are danced around the set, with one or more couples visiting the others in turn, the couples are likewise numbered around the set. In most surviving American square dance traditions, the couples are numbered counterclockwise: the second couple is to the first couple's right, the third

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Square dance attire varies by the type of dance and by region. Traditional square dance groups often have no particular dress code. In the United States, larger modern western square dance events sometimes request a strict western-style dress code, which originated in the late 1950s and early 1960s

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Left is traditionally performed by grasping left hands with the other dancer, pulling away from each other slightly, and walking halfway around a central axis then stepping through. In modern western square dance, the grip is modified so that each dancer grips the forearm of the other, and there is

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In the United States, lines between the forms of square dancing have become blurred. Traditional-revival groups typically adopt very casual dress, and traditional-revival choreographers have begun to use basic movements that were invented for modern western square dance forms. A few modern western

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varies. In the United States the term is used for dances in square formations and also refers to the dance events where square dances are performed. In England, Ireland, and Scotland, the term is used less frequently, and many dance events involve dances in square, circle, and line formations. The

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The four couples arranged in a square are called a set, and each couple is numbered. Couple numbering in a square dance set usually begins with the couple nearest the head of the hall (the side of the room containing the musicians and caller, or, in the pre-caller era, the royal presence or other

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popularized the form. Ford believed that Jews invented jazz as a plot to corrupt society and that this plot could be counteracted by returning America to dances and musical styles that he saw as traditional and white. As a result, beginning in the early 1920s, he used his wealth to promote square

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These dances further evolved in America, where they arrived with European settlers. After the American Revolution, the quadrille became especially popular. Quadrilles were originally danced from memorized steps and sequences, but as African American slaves played music for the dances, they began

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is a dance for four couples, or eight dancers in total, arranged in a square, with one couple on each side, facing the middle of the square. Square dances are part of a broad spectrum of dances known by various names: country dances, traditional dances, folk dances, barn dances, ceilidh dances,

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to the beat (and, in some traditions, the phrasing) of music. In other variations, dancers have no caller and instead memorize and perform a specific routine and sequence of steps. Square dance music varies widely, with some forms using traditional tunes and others employing more modern types.

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Many traditional English regional folk dances are square dances that have survived into the 21st century. For instance, in both the Goathland square eight and the Cumberland square eight, which originated from different English villages, dancers perform a series of memorized moves in a square

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Traditional and modern western square dance differ in the number of calls and their levels of standardization. Traditional square dance uses between ten and thirty calls, depending on the region and the individual caller. Many traditional square dance calls are similar or identical to

578:. Some of the square dances listed in the book, such as "Newcastle", have survived to the 21st century, and countless new dances have been written in the Playford style. These dances include a range of moves, from smooth, gentle steps to more energetic leaps. They are supported by the 361:, bands, individuals, or similar organizations. Attire varies by type, with some forms possessing a specific dress code and others having no requirements. The standard square formation can also vary at times to include more or fewer dancers or arrange dancers in a different shape. 845:

to direct the dancers through different calls. In some forms of traditional square dancing, the caller may be one of the dancers or musicians, but in modern western square dancing, the caller is on stage giving full attention to directing the dancers.

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Modern choreography also includes dances which morph from one form to another. There are contra dances and four-couple longways sets which turn into a square dance part of the way through the dance and then back to the original formation.

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has an extensive collection of books, records, photographs and other materials relating to the history of both traditional and modern square dancing. On the site are interviews with many callers and recordings of dances from the early

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Irish set dance is a square dance with strong regional associations. The dance involves stepping, often with a flat-foot polka step. Unlike in traditional and modern western square dancing, where couples are designated as

401:, eight of which are square dances exhibiting concepts still in use, such as the head couples performing an action and the side couples repeating it. Three of the dances, such as "Dull Sir John", specifically use the term 591:

formation. Many of these dances are danced at folk or barn dances, along with other types of square dances including Playford dances; dances derived from the quadrille, such as "La Russe" published by H.D. Willock in the

853:, where a count is roughly one step. In traditional square dancing, the timing of a call is dictated by tradition; in some regional styles, particularly that of New England, the dance movements are closely fitted to the 552:

The initial stage reached by all dancers is called Mainstream. This program consists of a core list of about 70 moves which is revised periodically. Modern western square dance is sometimes presented in alternation with

1059: 822: 992:. The music is usually played from recordings, and the tempo is more uniform than in traditional square dancing, ranging from 120-128 beats per minute. At this speed, dancers take one step per beat of the music. 1102:

Grid squares are dances where the squares are arranged in a grid, with sets carefully aligned across the room and up and down the room. The calls move dancers from one square to another in intricate patterns.

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Irish and Scottish dances are normally done to traditional tunes. English dances may be done to traditional tunes, though there is experimentation with many different musical styles, especially at cèilidhs.

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Traditional square dance structure varies by region, but it usually consists of a limited number of calls occurring in a set order. Traditional square dance is frequently presented in alternation with

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Square dance events can be run in different ways. In North America, traditional square dances are organized by bands, callers, or small groups of dancers. Modern western square dances are arranged by

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no pulling (that is, each dancer supports his or her own weight). These modifications make it easier to enter and exit the movement and thus easier to incorporate it into a long sequence of calls.

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of the music. In modern western square dancing, many calls have been given formally specified durations, based partly on direct observation of how long it takes an average dancer to execute them.

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by some older New England callers in recognition of the dance it descended from, traditional square dance is not standardized and can be subdivided into three main regional styles: Northeast/

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The origins of Square dances can be traced back to steps and figures used in traditional folk dances and social dances from many countries. One of the earliest influences may have been the

1778: 1827:, a virtual museum with about 1,500 items, including video and audio clips, photographs, essays, and articles, documenting the origins and growth of traditional and modern square dancing 624:. Cèilidhs are also held in England, where the same squares may be done as at folk dances or barn dances but with more stepping, including skip steps, hop steps, polka steps, and rants. 1094:

Bigon: a square with four people who each dances their own part and that of their opposite. This variation is almost exclusively done by challenge-level dancers due to its difficulty.

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Hexagon dancing: six couples arranged in a hexagon. There are three head couples and three side couples. This variation is most commonly done by advanced and challenge-level dancers.

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Square dancing is done in many different styles all around the world. In some countries and regions, through preservation and repetition, square dances have attained the status of a

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calls, and new dance moves are explained by the caller. In modern western square dance, the participants learn and become proficient in a particular defined set of calls known as a

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contra dances, Playford dances, etc. These dances appear in over 100 different formations, of which the Square and the Longways Set are by far the most popular formations.

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If most of the figures are danced between facing couples across the set, as in the 19th century quadrille and dances derived from it, the couple opposite the first is the

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Traditional and modern western square dancing have a number of calls in common, but there are usually small differences in the way they are performed. For example, the

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Irish ceili dances cover a wide range of formations, including many square dances. They are often performed at traditional Irish and Scottish social gatherings called

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Many traditions have square dances. They are usually not called; rather, the sequence of figures is fixed and known by the dancers. Examples include the German

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in New York City in the 1950s was rooted in the resurgent interest in square dancing and folk dancing there in the 1940s, which gave musicians such as

387:, an English dance for six men involving a line formation and energetic steps. This dance is closely related to another ancestor of square dancing, 901:

Traditional square dance is primarily danced to live music. Since the 19th century, much of the square dance repertoire has been derived from

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In many communities, including Scotland and Ireland, and also continental Europe, the dancers know the complete dance and there is no caller.

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The couples in a square are numbered, although numbering varies among different types. In many of the types, two of the couples are known as

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tradition or as adapted by other cultures, such as that of Quebec. This sort of music is played on acoustic instruments, such as the

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While the standard formation for a square dance is four couples in a square, there are many variations on the theme. These include:

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Scottish country dances cover a wide range of formations, including many square dances. These dances, which are standardized by the

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was a Texan who pioneered folk music in New York and spearheaded the revival of folk dancing and square dancing there in the 1940s"

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in the phrase, "A Square Dance for eight thus". In the early 1800s, English country dances merged with French dances to form the

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This article is about all the different forms of square dance. For specific details on the American traditional forms, see

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The English dancing master: or, Plaine and easie rules for the dancing of country dances, with the tune to each dance

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callers incorporate older dances from various traditions, such as New England or Appalachian, into their programs.

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A square dance call may take a very short time or a very long time to execute. Most calls require between 4 and 32

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couple is across from the first, and the fourth couple is to the left of the first. The first and third are

391:, which included a variety of dances for groups of couples arranged in circles, lines, or squares. In 1651, 349:. In most American forms of square dance, the dancers are prompted or cued through a sequence of steps by a 2866: 2831: 2682: 2445: 1862:- Square dance information including links to detailed explanations of calls, database of callers, and more 492:, particularly in revival groups, or with some form of freestyle couple dancing at surviving local events. 1391: 1034:, although it was not traditional before that time. Some clubs require a less strict dress code, known as 303:; square dancing travelled to North America with the European settlers and developed significantly there. 2861: 2710: 2379: 1004: 501: 418: 323: 127: 35: 1088:

Twelve Reel: a square with three people on each side, normally a man with a woman on either side of him.

673:, involve specific steps and formations that are performed in different sequences for different dances. 2846: 2687: 2660: 2550: 2369: 2750: 2229: 1591: 862: 315: 276: 2299: 1786: 1782: 1766: 1358: 456: 319: 31: 1273:. London: Printed by Thomas Harper. Accessed through ProQuest Database: Early Modern Books. p. 81. 2615: 2410: 2394: 2342: 1971: 1639: 218: 105: 1615: 2816: 2665: 2149: 831: 664: 554: 335: 1151: 909:

from Scotland and Ireland, sometimes in relatively unaltered form, sometimes as played in the

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or Sherele. Variations include double squares, with two couples on each side, like the Danish

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can vary from around 108 to more than 150 beats per minute, depending on the regional style.

718: 705:. Some are composed of multiple figures, indicating descent from the high-society quadrille. 414: 388: 841:, and some forms of the dance, such as traditional and modern western square dancing, use a 2720: 2580: 2575: 2540: 2312: 2174: 866: 1708: 433:

Square dances are considered folk dances in many countries and regions, although the term

152: 8: 2755: 2672: 2500: 2435: 2425: 1944: 2677: 2640: 2635: 2625: 2610: 2595: 2545: 2525: 2440: 2430: 2317: 2224: 1871:(ASqD) of SoCal area square dance clubs, calendar of dances, clubs, classes, and events 1309: 1112: 1009: 397: 375: 1774: 214: 2692: 2645: 2570: 2555: 2490: 2465: 2460: 2077: 1379: 1301: 1021: 942: 574:, Playford-style dances originated from the dances published in John Playford's book 358: 73: 1616:"What is Scottish Country Dance & music? | Royal Scottish Country Dance Society" 1176: 2785: 2770: 2715: 2605: 2590: 2450: 2415: 2374: 2354: 2327: 2307: 2274: 2244: 2102: 2072: 1976: 973: 850: 842: 529:

Since the 1970s, modern western square dance has been promoted and standardized by

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The Bent Creek Ranch Square Dance Team dancing at the Mountain Music Festival in

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Modern western square dance is danced to a variety of music types, including

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Quadrille variation involving five couples dancing at a Colonial Ball in the

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Friedland, LeeEllen (1998). "Square Dancing". In Cohen, Selma Jeanne (ed).

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Square dances contain elements from numerous traditional dances including

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couples. In Irish set dances, the third couple (sometimes termed the

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Information & Resources on Australia's 1950s Square Dancing Boom

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Hexitation: a square with two couples in each of the head positions.

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external links, and converting useful links where appropriate into

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Callerlab (2020-02-22). "Appendix B: Descriptive Terminology."

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in the 20th century, and 31 states have designated it as their

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Winter Solstice: a square with one extra couple in the middle.

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Old-time fiddlers often accompany traditional square dances.

1868: 1679: 950: 1709:"Explaining Traditional Squares and Contras to MWSD folks" 801:. The couples facing the first top and first side are the 1843:, international database of Square Dance clubs and events 1821:, multimedia collection of resources about square dancing 1152:"All About Square Dance: A Brief History of Square Dance" 902: 318:. The main North American types of square dances include 1929: 533:, the International Association of Square Dance Callers. 1922:

The State Council of Illinois Square Dance Associations

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www.eaasdc.de. pp. 3-4, 7, 27-28. Retrieved 2020-10-09.

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Ninepins: a square with one extra person in the middle.

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Washington Area Square Dancers Cooperative Association

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History and Heritage of Modern American Square Dancing

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American-style square dancers performing outdoors in

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from the Low Countries, and Eastern European Jewish

1239:Shaw, Dorothy, Bob Osgood, and Kenny Reese (2000). 898:Square dance music varies widely by type of dance. 119:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 1138:"Country Dance & Contra Dance 100+ Formations" 506:Modern western square dance, which is also called 1769:may not follow Knowledge's policies or guidelines 2803: 1664:Basic Dance Program Definitions. Callerlab.org, 789:couples); the third and fourth couples are the 730:hosts or important guests). This couple is the 1890:Northern New Jersey Square Dancers Association 777:. The first and second couples constitute the 495: 1945: 830:Traditional square dance calls at a dance in 560: 1544:"English Country Dance | Early Dance Circle" 1880:Virginia Square And Round Dance Association 450: 445: 82:Learn how and when to remove these messages 27:Dance for four couples arranged in a square 1952: 1938: 1805:Learn how and when to remove this message 1209: 658: 647:, couples in Irish set dances are either 259:Learn how and when to remove this message 241:Learn how and when to remove this message 179:Learn how and when to remove this message 1053: 1003: 889: 816: 712: 535: 460: 409:, a dance for four couples in a square. 368: 270: 1667:http://www.callerlab.org/Dance-Programs 1506:http://www.callerlab.org/Dance-Programs 1482:http://www.callerlab.org/Dance-Programs 1326: 1287: 708: 585: 14: 2804: 1902:Square Dance Foundation of New England 1419: 1354:Alan Lomax: The Man who Recorded Music 1933: 1869:Associated Square Dancers Association 1847:Square and Round Dancing Australia/NZ 1706: 1702: 1700: 1492: 1490: 1468: 1466: 1394:, film short, 1947 with Pete Seeger, 1329:"Square Dancing is Uniquely American" 929:; certain instruments, including the 676: 438:term has also become associated with 1916:Square Dance Federation of Minnesota 1885:Virginia Square Dancers Organization 1749: 1735: 1498:Mainstream Dance Program Definitions 1283: 1281: 1279: 1235: 1233: 1231: 1192: 1190: 1188: 1186: 837:Square dance movements are known as 812: 671:Royal Scottish Country Dance Society 190: 117:adding citations to reliable sources 88: 47: 1496:Callerlab (2020-02-22). "History." 1472:Callerlab (2020-02-22). "History." 1378:(1996), Harvard University Press, 1212:"The Slave Roots of Square Dancing" 1198:International Encyclopedia of Dance 999: 580:English Folk Dance and Song Society 24: 1836:History of Square and Contra Dance 1729: 1697: 1487: 1463: 627: 565: 25: 2883: 1745: 1276: 1228: 1183: 512:contemporary western square dance 465:Modern Appalachian square dancing 395:published 105 of these dances in 63:This article has multiple issues. 1754: 1519:"Country dancing Playford-style" 195: 93: 52: 2842:Symbols of Georgia (U.S. state) 2746:Dance in mythology and religion 1672: 1656: 1632: 1608: 1584: 1560: 1536: 1511: 1474:Basic Dance Program Definitions 1439: 1413: 1385: 1368: 1345: 1320: 1031:traditional square dance attire 968:, traditional and contemporary 104:needs additional citations for 71:or discuss these issues on the 1294:Journal of Appalachian Studies 1263: 1249: 1210:Blakemore, Erin (2017-06-16). 1203: 1169: 1144: 1130: 13: 1: 1680:"CALLERLAB Website > Home" 1669:, p. 65. Accessed 2020-10-12. 1123: 1049: 754:); the second and fourth are 596: 428: 345:and the other two are called 43:Square dance (disambiguation) 1825:Square Dance History Project 1410:and narrated by Pete Seeger. 750:(or, in older parlance, the 516:modern American square dance 373:A square dance diagram from 7: 1740:. New York: Sentinel books. 1327:Eschner, Kat (2017-11-29). 1288:Jamison, Philip A. (2003). 1106: 1038:, or no dress code, called 721:, Canberra September 2016 ( 502:Modern western square dance 496:Modern western square dance 419:American folk music revival 357:Dances can be organized by 324:modern western square dance 221:the claims made and adding 36:Modern western square dance 10: 2888: 1548:www.earlydancecircle.co.uk 662: 631: 609: 576:The English Dancing Master 561:United Kingdom and Ireland 499: 454: 398:The English Dancing Master 379:(First published in 1651) 376:The English Dancing Master 364: 40: 29: 2701: 2388: 2298: 2173: 2063: 1995: 1967: 1959: 1860:Square Dance Resource Net 1738:The American Square Dance 1592:"Cumberland Square Eight" 1508:p.5. Accessed 2020-10-10. 1484:p.6. Accessed 2020-10-10. 1392:"To Hear Your Banjo Play" 699:Sonderborger Doppelkadril 277:Asheville, North Carolina 1568:"Goathland Square Eight" 885: 797:) is to the left of the 605: 457:Traditional square dance 451:Traditional square dance 446:United States and Canada 320:traditional square dance 32:Traditional square dance 1523:Royal Museums Greenwich 1269:Playford, John (1651). 336:Scottish country dances 2837:Symbols of Connecticut 1374:Cf. Cantwell, Robert, 1072: 1017: 895: 834: 832:Concord, Massachusetts 726: 665:Scottish country dance 659:Scottish country dance 572:English country dances 549: 466: 380: 293:English country dances 280: 2872:Symbols of California 2857:Symbols of New Jersey 1736:Mayo, Margot (1943). 1707:Baker, Clark (2002). 1357:, Penguin, 2010. Cf. 1066: 1007: 893: 829: 716: 663:Further information: 632:Further information: 610:Further information: 539: 500:Further information: 471:old-time square dance 464: 455:Further information: 389:English country dance 372: 274: 2827:American folk dances 2711:Dance and disability 1896:Western Star Dancers 1775:improve this article 1333:Smithsonian Magazine 709:Numbering of couples 586:Regional folk dances 508:western square dance 316:official state dance 113:improve this article 41:For other uses, see 2867:Symbols of Illinois 2832:Symbols of Colorado 2756:Dance on television 1787:footnote references 1420:Pennacchia, Robin. 2862:Symbols of Alabama 1907:2016-08-22 at the 1852:2017-06-20 at the 1841:WheresTheDance.com 1113:Youth square dance 1073: 1022:square dance clubs 1018: 1010:Schleswig-Holstein 896: 835: 807:second side couple 727: 677:Continental Europe 550: 540:A square dance in 467: 425:popular exposure. 381: 359:square dance clubs 281: 206:possibly contains 2847:Symbols of Oregon 2799: 2798: 2751:Dance occupations 2688:Wallis and Futuna 1819:Square Your Dance 1815: 1814: 1807: 1684:www.callerlab.org 1596:barndances.org.uk 1572:barndances.org.uk 1451:www.callerlab.org 1376:When We Were Good 1071:, northern Canada 1064: 974:Broadway musicals 943:hammered dulcimer 827: 813:Callers and calls 803:second top couple 795:first side couple 687:Carré de Campagne 593:Manual of Dancing 269: 268: 261: 251: 250: 243: 208:original research 189: 188: 181: 163: 86: 16:(Redirected from 2879: 2786:History of dance 2771:Dance technology 2716:Dance and health 2666:African-American 1954: 1947: 1940: 1931: 1930: 1865:US Associations 1810: 1803: 1799: 1796: 1790: 1758: 1757: 1750: 1741: 1723: 1722: 1720: 1719: 1704: 1695: 1694: 1692: 1690: 1676: 1670: 1660: 1654: 1653: 1651: 1650: 1636: 1630: 1629: 1627: 1626: 1612: 1606: 1605: 1603: 1602: 1588: 1582: 1581: 1579: 1578: 1564: 1558: 1557: 1555: 1554: 1540: 1534: 1533: 1531: 1530: 1515: 1509: 1494: 1485: 1470: 1461: 1460: 1458: 1457: 1447:"For The Public" 1443: 1437: 1436: 1434: 1432: 1417: 1411: 1389: 1383: 1372: 1366: 1349: 1343: 1342: 1340: 1339: 1324: 1318: 1317: 1285: 1274: 1267: 1261: 1260: 1253: 1247: 1237: 1226: 1225: 1223: 1222: 1207: 1201: 1194: 1181: 1180: 1173: 1167: 1166: 1164: 1163: 1148: 1142: 1141: 1134: 1067:Square dance in 1065: 1028:and is known as 1000:Clubs and attire 955:electric guitars 828: 799:first top couple 785:couples (or the 601: 598: 332:Irish set dances 264: 257: 246: 239: 235: 232: 226: 223:inline citations 199: 198: 191: 184: 177: 173: 170: 164: 162: 121: 97: 89: 78: 56: 55: 48: 21: 2887: 2886: 2882: 2881: 2880: 2878: 2877: 2876: 2802: 2801: 2800: 2795: 2731:Dance etiquette 2697: 2456:Burma (Myanmar) 2396: 2392: 2384: 2333:Lead and follow 2294: 2230:Country–western 2169: 2150:Novelty and fad 2108:Hoochie coochie 2059: 2018:closed position 1991: 1987:List of dancers 1963: 1958: 1909:Wayback Machine 1854:Wayback Machine 1811: 1800: 1794: 1791: 1772: 1763:This article's 1759: 1755: 1748: 1732: 1730:Further reading 1727: 1726: 1717: 1715: 1705: 1698: 1688: 1686: 1678: 1677: 1673: 1661: 1657: 1648: 1646: 1638: 1637: 1633: 1624: 1622: 1614: 1613: 1609: 1600: 1598: 1590: 1589: 1585: 1576: 1574: 1566: 1565: 1561: 1552: 1550: 1542: 1541: 1537: 1528: 1526: 1517: 1516: 1512: 1495: 1488: 1471: 1464: 1455: 1453: 1445: 1444: 1440: 1430: 1428: 1418: 1414: 1390: 1386: 1373: 1369: 1350: 1346: 1337: 1335: 1325: 1321: 1286: 1277: 1268: 1264: 1255: 1254: 1250: 1238: 1229: 1220: 1218: 1208: 1204: 1195: 1184: 1175: 1174: 1170: 1161: 1159: 1150: 1149: 1145: 1136: 1135: 1131: 1126: 1109: 1054: 1052: 1002: 888: 817: 815: 711: 679: 667: 661: 636: 634:Irish set dance 630: 628:Irish set dance 618: 608: 599: 588: 568: 566:Playford dances 563: 504: 498: 459: 453: 448: 431: 367: 265: 254: 253: 252: 247: 236: 230: 227: 212: 200: 196: 185: 174: 168: 165: 122: 120: 110: 98: 57: 53: 46: 39: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 2885: 2875: 2874: 2869: 2864: 2859: 2854: 2849: 2844: 2839: 2834: 2829: 2824: 2819: 2814: 2797: 2796: 2794: 2793: 2791:Women in dance 2788: 2783: 2778: 2773: 2768: 2763: 2761:Dance research 2758: 2753: 2748: 2743: 2738: 2736:Dance notation 2733: 2728: 2723: 2718: 2713: 2707: 2705: 2699: 2698: 2696: 2695: 2690: 2685: 2680: 2675: 2670: 2669: 2668: 2658: 2653: 2648: 2643: 2638: 2633: 2628: 2623: 2618: 2613: 2608: 2603: 2598: 2593: 2588: 2583: 2578: 2573: 2568: 2563: 2558: 2553: 2548: 2543: 2538: 2533: 2528: 2523: 2518: 2513: 2508: 2503: 2498: 2493: 2488: 2483: 2478: 2473: 2468: 2463: 2458: 2453: 2448: 2443: 2438: 2433: 2428: 2423: 2418: 2413: 2408: 2402: 2400: 2386: 2385: 2383: 2382: 2377: 2372: 2367: 2362: 2357: 2352: 2347: 2346: 2345: 2335: 2330: 2325: 2320: 2315: 2310: 2304: 2302: 2296: 2295: 2293: 2292: 2287: 2282: 2277: 2272: 2267: 2262: 2257: 2252: 2247: 2242: 2237: 2232: 2227: 2222: 2217: 2212: 2207: 2206: 2205: 2200: 2190: 2185: 2179: 2177: 2171: 2170: 2168: 2167: 2162: 2157: 2152: 2147: 2142: 2141: 2140: 2135: 2130: 2125: 2120: 2115: 2110: 2105: 2100: 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201: 194: 187: 186: 128:"Square dance" 101: 99: 92: 87: 61: 60: 58: 51: 26: 18:Square dancing 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 2884: 2873: 2870: 2868: 2865: 2863: 2860: 2858: 2855: 2853: 2850: 2848: 2845: 2843: 2840: 2838: 2835: 2833: 2830: 2828: 2825: 2823: 2820: 2818: 2817:Country dance 2815: 2813: 2810: 2809: 2807: 2792: 2789: 2787: 2784: 2782: 2781:Dancing mania 2779: 2777: 2774: 2772: 2769: 2767: 2766:Dance science 2764: 2762: 2759: 2757: 2754: 2752: 2749: 2747: 2744: 2742: 2741:Dance in film 2739: 2737: 2734: 2732: 2729: 2727: 2726:Dance costume 2724: 2722: 2719: 2717: 2714: 2712: 2709: 2708: 2706: 2704: 2700: 2694: 2691: 2689: 2686: 2684: 2681: 2679: 2676: 2674: 2671: 2667: 2664: 2663: 2662: 2661:United States 2659: 2657: 2654: 2652: 2649: 2647: 2644: 2642: 2639: 2637: 2634: 2632: 2629: 2627: 2624: 2622: 2619: 2617: 2614: 2612: 2609: 2607: 2604: 2602: 2599: 2597: 2594: 2592: 2589: 2587: 2584: 2582: 2579: 2577: 2574: 2572: 2569: 2567: 2564: 2562: 2559: 2557: 2554: 2552: 2549: 2547: 2544: 2542: 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2118:Neo-Burlesque 2116: 2114: 2111: 2109: 2106: 2104: 2101: 2099: 2096: 2095: 2094: 2091: 2089: 2086: 2084: 2081: 2079: 2076: 2074: 2071: 2070: 2068: 2066: 2062: 2054: 2051: 2049: 2046: 2044: 2041: 2039: 2036: 2034: 2031: 2029: 2026: 2024: 2023:open position 2021: 2019: 2016: 2014: 2013:close embrace 2011: 2010: 2009: 2006: 2004: 2001: 2000: 1998: 1996:Participation 1994: 1988: 1985: 1983: 1980: 1978: 1975: 1973: 1970: 1969: 1966: 1962: 1955: 1950: 1948: 1943: 1941: 1936: 1935: 1932: 1923: 1920: 1917: 1914: 1910: 1906: 1903: 1900: 1897: 1894: 1891: 1888: 1886: 1883: 1881: 1878: 1876: 1873: 1870: 1867: 1866: 1864: 1861: 1858: 1855: 1851: 1848: 1845: 1842: 1839: 1837: 1834: 1832: 1829: 1826: 1823: 1820: 1817: 1816: 1809: 1806: 1798: 1788: 1784: 1783:inappropriate 1780: 1776: 1770: 1768: 1761: 1752: 1751: 1739: 1734: 1733: 1714: 1710: 1703: 1701: 1685: 1681: 1675: 1668: 1665: 1659: 1645: 1644:www.rscds.org 1641: 1635: 1621: 1620:www.rscds.org 1617: 1611: 1597: 1593: 1587: 1573: 1569: 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775:second couple 771: 769: 765: 761: 757: 753: 749: 745: 739: 737: 733: 724: 720: 715: 706: 704: 701:or the Dutch 700: 696: 692: 688: 684: 674: 672: 666: 656: 654: 650: 646: 642: 635: 625: 623: 617: 613: 603: 594: 583: 581: 577: 573: 558: 556: 547: 543: 538: 534: 532: 527: 524: 519: 517: 513: 509: 503: 493: 491: 490:contra dances 486: 484: 480: 476: 472: 463: 458: 443: 441: 436: 426: 424: 420: 416: 410: 408: 404: 400: 399: 394: 393:John Playford 390: 386: 378: 377: 371: 362: 360: 355: 352: 348: 344: 339: 337: 333: 329: 325: 321: 317: 313: 309: 304: 302: 298: 294: 289: 286: 278: 273: 263: 260: 245: 242: 234: 224: 220: 216: 210: 209: 204:This article 202: 193: 192: 183: 180: 172: 161: 158: 154: 151: 147: 144: 140: 137: 133: 130: – 129: 125: 124:Find sources: 118: 114: 108: 107: 102:This article 100: 96: 91: 90: 85: 83: 76: 75: 70: 69: 64: 59: 50: 49: 44: 37: 33: 19: 2852:Social dance 2822:Group dances 2812:Square dance 2776:Dance troupe 2721:Dance awards 2616:Pontic Greek 2323:Dance theory 2313:Choreography 2225:Contemporary 2052: 1801: 1795:January 2020 1792: 1777:by removing 1764: 1737: 1716:. 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