2240:
41:
183:
460:
29:
204:
An opening of sphenoidal sinus forms a passage between each sphenoidal sinus and the nasal cavity. Posteriorly, an opening of sphenoidal sinus opens into the sphenoidal sinus by an aperture high on the anterior wall the sinus; anteriorly, an opening of sphenoidal sinus opens into the roof of the
2260:
449:
can be reached surgically through the roof of the nasal cavities by passage through the anterioinferior aspect of the sphenoid bone and into the sinuses, followed by entry through the top of the sphenoid bone into the hypophyseal fossa.
309:
protrudation into the sphenoid sinus wall was present in 23.9–32.1% of males and 35.5–36.2% of females, dehiscence in carotid canal was detected more in females (34%) than in males (22%),
170:. It is one pair of the four paired paranasal sinuses. The two sphenoid sinuses are separated from each other by a septum. Each sphenoid sinus communicates with the
130:
364:
639:
546:
106:
190:
On average, a sphenoid sinus measures 2.2 cm vertical height, 2 cm in transverse breadth; and 2.2 cm antero-posterior depth.
408:
427:
before surgery may put these structures at risk. One study found that an Onodi cell was present in 26.6% of males and 19.1% of females.
313:
protrudation was 33.3 and 30.5% in males and females, and optic canal dehiscence was detected in 11.3% of males and 9.9% of females.
201:. The sphenoid sinuses are separated from each other medially by the septum of sphenoidal sinuses, which is usually asymmetrical.
33:
Lateral wall of nasal cavity; the three nasal conchæ have been removed. (Sphenoidal sinus visible at upper right, in dark circle.)
1916:
869:
615:
522:
2265:
2190:
1792:
1676:
1475:
1314:
574:
1395:
1377:
1324:
1208:
404:
Sphenoidotomy, a form of endonasal surgery, may be done to enlarge the sphenoid sinus, usually in order to drain it.
174:
via the opening of sphenoidal sinus. The two sphenoid sinuses vary in size and shape, and are usually asymmetrical.
1816:
656:
Asal, Neşe; Bayar Muluk, Nuray; Inal, Mikail; Şahan, Mehmet Hamdi; Doğan, Adil; Arıkan, Osman Kürşat (June 2019).
517:. Friedrich Paulsen, Tobias M. Böckers, J. Waschke, Stephan Winkler, Katja Dalkowski, Jörg Mair. Amsterdam. 2018.
992:
970:
916:
1811:
1044:
441:
Because only thin shelves of bone separate the sphenoidal sinuses from the nasal cavities, below, and from the
337:
1593:
1439:
347:
The septum of the sphenoidal sinuses may be partly or completely absent. Other septa also may be incomplete.
333:
125:
2275:
1648:
1235:
1201:
1872:
1616:
1535:
980:
469:
2230:
1909:
1877:
862:
550:
387:
802:
222:
61:
321:
The sphenoid sinuses vary in size and shape; because of the lateral displacement of the intervening
1661:
1656:
1451:
1402:
1366:
1248:
975:
926:
829:
302:
259:
137:
89:
65:
2195:
1956:
1708:
1638:
436:
420:
415:. Onodi cells typically extend back to lie superolateral to the sphenoid sinus and thus near the
363:
The sphenoid sinuses cannot be palpated on physical examination. However, patients with isolated
286:
2280:
2082:
2067:
1951:
1713:
1628:
1552:
206:
113:
101:
355:
The sphenoidal sinuses are minute at birth; their main development takes place after puberty.
2200:
2043:
2033:
1971:
1902:
1829:
1741:
1611:
1309:
855:
194:
163:
2028:
1966:
1961:
1854:
1824:
1456:
1412:
1299:
1191:
8:
2038:
1839:
1633:
1444:
1174:
1052:
493:
Illustrated
Anatomy of the Head and Neck, Fehrenbach and Herring, Elsevier, 2012, page 64
329:
2239:
2270:
1785:
1746:
1575:
1294:
965:
899:
740:
715:
693:
633:
540:
779:
2217:
2145:
2113:
1725:
1547:
1530:
1525:
1483:
1407:
1286:
1117:
1107:
1017:
1000:
783:
745:
727:
685:
677:
621:
611:
528:
518:
474:
442:
2261:
Knowledge articles incorporating text from the 20th edition of Gray's
Anatomy (1918)
840:
697:
2158:
2131:
2092:
2087:
1945:
1775:
1621:
1606:
1583:
1562:
1557:
1422:
1352:
1304:
1263:
1164:
1151:
1057:
1032:
936:
775:
735:
669:
294:
226:
2153:
1998:
1834:
1720:
1691:
1542:
1337:
1332:
1253:
1243:
1218:
1122:
1027:
1005:
948:
446:
398:
298:
290:
247:
234:
159:
94:
328:
When exceptionally large, the sphenoid sinuses may extend into the roots of the
2244:
2205:
1696:
1570:
1362:
1357:
1159:
1132:
1073:
1010:
890:
368:
341:
244:
673:
625:
532:
2254:
2168:
2163:
2072:
1862:
1844:
1520:
1515:
1497:
1427:
1385:
1347:
1341:
1277:
1258:
1223:
1127:
1112:
1099:
921:
731:
681:
465:
412:
306:
198:
167:
118:
1894:
847:
657:
2123:
2108:
2050:
2024:
1983:
1780:
1760:
1390:
1142:
953:
931:
878:
787:
749:
689:
605:
512:
394:
251:
171:
40:
803:"Sphenoethmoidal air cell | Radiology Reference Article | Radiopaedia.org"
610:. K. Bo Foreman, Kurt H. Albertine (2nd ed.). New York. p. 246.
2178:
1939:
1666:
882:
416:
310:
282:
278:
182:
143:
2077:
1925:
1196:
835:
376:
393:
If a fast-growing tumor erodes the floor of the sphenoidal sinus, the
1083:
383:
266:
1463:
1179:
2212:
2182:
2003:
424:
372:
255:
45:
Nose and nasal cavities. (Sphenoid sinus labeled at upper right.)
838:
at The
Anatomy Lesson by Wesley Norman (Georgetown University) (
2008:
1078:
765:
322:
210:
766:
Kozłowski, Z; Mazerant, M; Skóra, W; Dabrowska, K (2008). "".
912:
263:
77:
56:
221:
The mucous membrane receives sensory innervation from the
205:
nasal cavity via an aperture on the posterior wall of the
28:
655:
397:
may be in danger. If the tumor spreads laterally, the
2228:
325:
of sphenoid sinuses, the pair rarely is symmetrical.
713:
407:The sphenoid sinus should be distinguished from an
768:Otolaryngologia Polska = the Polish Otolaryngology
714:Ishak, NL; Subha, ST; Abu Bakar, S (2019-04-30).
658:"Carotid canal and optic canal at sphenoid sinus"
401:and all its constituent nerves may be in danger.
2252:
1466:in petrous part, but not part of temporal bone)
651:
649:
594:Human Anatomy, Jacob, Elsevier, 2008, page 211
1924:
1910:
877:
863:
716:"Isolated sphenoid sinusitis: A big headache"
709:
707:
761:
759:
646:
411:, an anatomic variant that is the rearmost
1917:
1903:
870:
856:
704:
638:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
545:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
430:
39:
27:
739:
756:
423:. Failure to recognize an Onodi cell on
371:or vertex headache, retro-orbital pain,
358:
181:
16:One of the four paired paranasal sinuses
382:A potential complication of sphenoidal
316:
272:
2253:
603:
464:This article incorporates text in the
1898:
851:
832:at the SUNY Downstate Medical Center
800:
590:
588:
586:
572:
568:
566:
564:
562:
560:
507:
505:
503:
501:
499:
489:
487:
2191:Pharyngeal opening of auditory tube
13:
597:
579:(20th ed.). pp. 998–999.
14:
2292:
823:
583:
557:
496:
484:
2238:
458:
971:Internal occipital protuberance
917:External occipital protuberance
794:
607:The Big Picture: Gross Anatomy
350:
334:greater wings of sphenoid bone
277:Nearby structures include the
216:
64:, and orbital branches of the
1:
780:10.1016/S0030-6657(08)70319-6
453:
193:Each spehoid sinus is in the
177:
7:
1536:Posterior clinoid processes
981:Groove for transverse sinus
472:of the 20th edition of
233:) and from branches of the
10:
2297:
2266:Bones of the head and neck
720:Malaysian Family Physician
434:
388:cavernous sinus thrombosis
62:Posterior ethmoidal nerves
2177:
2144:
2122:
2101:
2017:
1991:
1982:
1932:
1926:Anatomy of the human nose
1853:
1801:
1768:
1759:
1734:
1675:
1647:
1592:
1505:
1496:
1474:
1376:
1323:
1285:
1276:
1234:
1150:
1141:
1098:
1066:
1043:
991:
898:
889:
674:10.1007/s10143-018-0995-4
604:Morton, David A. (2019).
223:posterior ethmoidal nerve
136:
124:
112:
100:
88:
76:
71:
55:
50:
38:
26:
21:
1662:Anterior clinoid process
1657:Superior orbital fissure
1403:Internal auditory meatus
1249:Fossa for lacrimal gland
976:Internal occipital crest
927:External occipital crest
830:Anatomy photo:33:st-0712
514:Sobotta anatomy textbook
303:anterior ethmoidal cells
260:pterygopalatine ganglion
138:Anatomical terms of bone
66:pterygopalatine ganglion
2196:Salpingopharyngeal fold
1639:Sulcus of auditory tube
437:Transsphenoidal surgery
431:Transsphenoidal surgery
421:internal carotid artery
305:. One study found that
287:internal carotid artery
2083:Ethmoidal infundibulum
2068:Sphenoethmoidal recess
1553:Middle clinoid process
227:ophthalmic nerve (CN V
207:sphenoethmoidal recess
187:
2201:Salpingopalatine fold
2044:Inferior nasal concha
2034:Superior nasal concha
1830:Superior nasal concha
1310:Petrotympanic fissure
549:) CS1 maint: others (
359:Clinical significance
336:, and may invade the
235:maxillary nerve (CN V
195:body of sphenoid bone
185:
2029:Supreme nasal concha
1825:Supreme nasal concha
1457:Petrosquamous suture
1413:Stylomastoid foramen
1300:Suprameatal triangle
1192:Supraorbital foramen
662:Neurosurgical Review
573:Gray, Henry (1918).
317:Anatomical variation
273:Anatomical relations
2276:Otorhinolaryngology
2039:Middle nasal concha
1840:Middle nasal concha
1793:Perpendicular plate
1634:Infratemporal crest
1175:Superciliary arches
1053:Pharyngeal tubercle
330:pterygoid processes
2159:Sphenoidal sinuses
1868:ethmoidal foramina
1786:Olfactory foramina
1747:Sphenoidal conchae
1584:Sphenoidal sinuses
1576:Sphenoidal lingula
1295:Articular tubercle
966:Cruciform eminence
413:ethmoidal air cell
365:sphenoid sinusitis
188:
83:sinus sphenoidalis
2226:
2225:
2218:Pharyngeal recess
2213:Pharyngeal tonsil
2146:Paranasal sinuses
2140:
2139:
2114:Vomeronasal organ
1892:
1891:
1888:
1887:
1755:
1754:
1581:Anterior surface:
1548:Chiasmatic groove
1531:Hypophysial fossa
1526:Tuberculum sellae
1513:Superior surface:
1492:
1491:
1484:Suprameatal spine
1440:Inferior tympanic
1408:Cochlear aqueduct
1315:Zygomatic process
1272:
1271:
1209:Zygomatic process
1108:Parietal eminence
1094:
1093:
1018:Hypoglossal canal
801:Gaillard, Frank.
617:978-1-259-86264-9
524:978-0-7206-7617-4
443:hypophyseal fossa
375:, drowsiness, or
197:, just under the
186:Paranasal sinuses
152:
151:
147:
2288:
2243:
2242:
2234:
2132:Olfactory mucosa
2093:Maxillary hiatus
2088:Semilunar hiatus
1989:
1988:
1946:nasal cartilages
1919:
1912:
1905:
1896:
1895:
1817:Uncinate process
1776:Cribriform plate
1766:
1765:
1704:pterygoid plates
1568:Lateral surface:
1558:Petrosal process
1503:
1502:
1423:Subarcuate fossa
1353:Occipital groove
1305:Mandibular fossa
1283:
1282:
1264:Frontonasal duct
1165:Frontal eminence
1148:
1147:
1118:Parietal foramen
1033:Jugular tubercle
937:Suprainiac fossa
896:
895:
872:
865:
858:
849:
848:
817:
816:
814:
813:
798:
792:
791:
763:
754:
753:
743:
711:
702:
701:
653:
644:
643:
637:
629:
601:
595:
592:
581:
580:
570:
555:
554:
544:
536:
509:
494:
491:
462:
461:
379:-like symptoms.
367:may complain of
295:trigeminal nerve
209:, just over the
144:edit on Wikidata
141:
43:
31:
19:
18:
2296:
2295:
2291:
2290:
2289:
2287:
2286:
2285:
2251:
2250:
2249:
2237:
2229:
2227:
2222:
2173:
2154:Maxillary sinus
2136:
2118:
2097:
2013:
1999:Nasal vestibule
1978:
1928:
1923:
1893:
1884:
1849:
1835:Superior meatus
1809:Lateral surface
1797:
1751:
1730:
1721:Pterygoid canal
1678:
1671:
1643:
1588:
1543:Ethmoidal spine
1488:
1470:
1452:Styloid process
1372:
1338:Mastoid process
1333:Mastoid foramen
1319:
1268:
1254:Trochlear fovea
1244:Ethmoidal notch
1230:
1219:Sagittal sulcus
1137:
1123:Sagittal sulcus
1090:
1062:
1039:
1028:Jugular process
1006:Condyloid fossa
987:
885:
876:
826:
821:
820:
811:
809:
799:
795:
764:
757:
712:
705:
654:
647:
631:
630:
618:
602:
598:
593:
584:
571:
558:
538:
537:
525:
511:
510:
497:
492:
485:
459:
456:
447:pituitary gland
439:
433:
399:cavernous sinus
361:
353:
319:
299:pituitary gland
291:cavernous sinus
275:
248:parasympathetic
238:
230:
225:(branch of the
219:
180:
160:paranasal sinus
148:
46:
34:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2294:
2284:
2283:
2278:
2273:
2268:
2263:
2248:
2247:
2224:
2223:
2221:
2220:
2215:
2210:
2209:
2208:
2206:Torus tubarius
2203:
2198:
2187:
2185:
2175:
2174:
2172:
2171:
2166:
2161:
2156:
2150:
2148:
2142:
2141:
2138:
2137:
2135:
2134:
2128:
2126:
2120:
2119:
2117:
2116:
2111:
2105:
2103:
2099:
2098:
2096:
2095:
2090:
2085:
2080:
2075:
2070:
2064:
2063:
2060:
2057:
2054:
2047:
2046:
2041:
2036:
2031:
2021:
2019:
2015:
2014:
2012:
2011:
2006:
2001:
1995:
1993:
1986:
1980:
1979:
1977:
1976:
1975:
1974:
1969:
1964:
1959:
1954:
1942:
1936:
1934:
1930:
1929:
1922:
1921:
1914:
1907:
1899:
1890:
1889:
1886:
1885:
1883:
1882:
1881:
1880:
1875:
1865:
1859:
1857:
1851:
1850:
1848:
1847:
1842:
1837:
1832:
1827:
1822:Medial surface
1819:
1814:
1812:Orbital lamina
1805:
1803:
1799:
1798:
1796:
1795:
1790:
1789:
1788:
1783:
1772:
1770:
1763:
1757:
1756:
1753:
1752:
1750:
1749:
1744:
1738:
1736:
1732:
1731:
1729:
1728:
1723:
1718:
1717:
1716:
1711:
1701:
1700:
1699:
1694:
1683:
1681:
1673:
1672:
1670:
1669:
1664:
1659:
1653:
1651:
1645:
1644:
1642:
1641:
1636:
1631:
1626:
1625:
1624:
1619:
1614:
1609:
1598:
1596:
1590:
1589:
1587:
1586:
1578:
1573:
1571:Carotid groove
1565:
1560:
1555:
1550:
1545:
1540:
1539:
1538:
1533:
1528:
1523:
1509:
1507:
1500:
1494:
1493:
1490:
1489:
1487:
1486:
1480:
1478:
1472:
1471:
1469:
1468:
1459:
1454:
1449:
1448:
1447:
1442:
1432:
1431:
1430:
1425:
1415:
1410:
1405:
1400:
1399:
1398:
1388:
1382:
1380:
1374:
1373:
1371:
1370:
1363:Mastoid antrum
1360:
1358:Sigmoid sulcus
1355:
1350:
1345:
1335:
1329:
1327:
1321:
1320:
1318:
1317:
1312:
1307:
1302:
1297:
1291:
1289:
1280:
1274:
1273:
1270:
1269:
1267:
1266:
1261:
1256:
1251:
1246:
1240:
1238:
1232:
1231:
1229:
1228:
1227:
1226:
1221:
1211:
1206:
1205:
1204:
1199:
1194:
1184:
1183:
1182:
1177:
1167:
1162:
1160:Frontal suture
1156:
1154:
1145:
1139:
1138:
1136:
1135:
1133:Sagittal crest
1130:
1125:
1120:
1115:
1110:
1104:
1102:
1096:
1095:
1092:
1091:
1089:
1088:
1087:
1086:
1081:
1074:Foramen magnum
1070:
1068:
1064:
1063:
1061:
1060:
1055:
1049:
1047:
1041:
1040:
1038:
1037:
1036:
1035:
1030:
1020:
1015:
1014:
1013:
1011:Condylar canal
1008:
997:
995:
989:
988:
986:
985:
984:
983:
978:
973:
968:
958:
957:
956:
951:
941:
940:
939:
934:
929:
924:
919:
904:
902:
893:
887:
886:
875:
874:
867:
860:
852:
846:
845:
833:
825:
824:External links
822:
819:
818:
793:
755:
703:
668:(2): 519–529.
645:
616:
596:
582:
576:Gray's Anatomy
556:
523:
495:
482:
481:
475:Gray's Anatomy
455:
452:
435:Main article:
432:
429:
360:
357:
352:
349:
342:occipital bone
318:
315:
274:
271:
250:fibers of the
245:Postganglionic
236:
228:
218:
215:
179:
176:
156:sphenoid sinus
150:
149:
140:
134:
133:
128:
122:
121:
116:
110:
109:
104:
98:
97:
92:
86:
85:
80:
74:
73:
69:
68:
59:
53:
52:
48:
47:
44:
36:
35:
32:
24:
23:
22:Sphenoid sinus
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2293:
2282:
2281:Sinus surgery
2279:
2277:
2274:
2272:
2269:
2267:
2264:
2262:
2259:
2258:
2256:
2246:
2241:
2236:
2235:
2232:
2219:
2216:
2214:
2211:
2207:
2204:
2202:
2199:
2197:
2194:
2193:
2192:
2189:
2188:
2186:
2184:
2180:
2176:
2170:
2169:Ethmoid sinus
2167:
2165:
2164:Frontal sinus
2162:
2160:
2157:
2155:
2152:
2151:
2149:
2147:
2143:
2133:
2130:
2129:
2127:
2125:
2121:
2115:
2112:
2110:
2107:
2106:
2104:
2100:
2094:
2091:
2089:
2086:
2084:
2081:
2079:
2076:
2074:
2073:Ethmoid bulla
2071:
2069:
2066:
2065:
2061:
2058:
2055:
2052:
2049:
2048:
2045:
2042:
2040:
2037:
2035:
2032:
2030:
2026:
2025:Nasal conchae
2023:
2022:
2020:
2016:
2010:
2007:
2005:
2002:
2000:
1997:
1996:
1994:
1990:
1987:
1985:
1981:
1973:
1970:
1968:
1965:
1963:
1960:
1958:
1957:Lateral nasal
1955:
1953:
1950:
1949:
1948:
1947:
1943:
1941:
1938:
1937:
1935:
1933:External nose
1931:
1927:
1920:
1915:
1913:
1908:
1906:
1901:
1900:
1897:
1879:
1876:
1874:
1871:
1870:
1869:
1866:
1864:
1863:Ethmoid sinus
1861:
1860:
1858:
1856:
1852:
1846:
1845:Middle meatus
1843:
1841:
1838:
1836:
1833:
1831:
1828:
1826:
1823:
1820:
1818:
1815:
1813:
1810:
1807:
1806:
1804:
1800:
1794:
1791:
1787:
1784:
1782:
1779:
1778:
1777:
1774:
1773:
1771:
1767:
1764:
1762:
1758:
1748:
1745:
1743:
1740:
1739:
1737:
1733:
1727:
1724:
1722:
1719:
1715:
1712:
1710:
1707:
1706:
1705:
1702:
1698:
1695:
1693:
1690:
1689:
1688:
1685:
1684:
1682:
1680:
1674:
1668:
1665:
1663:
1660:
1658:
1655:
1654:
1652:
1650:
1646:
1640:
1637:
1635:
1632:
1630:
1627:
1623:
1620:
1618:
1615:
1613:
1610:
1608:
1605:
1604:
1603:
1600:
1599:
1597:
1595:
1591:
1585:
1582:
1579:
1577:
1574:
1572:
1569:
1566:
1564:
1561:
1559:
1556:
1554:
1551:
1549:
1546:
1544:
1541:
1537:
1534:
1532:
1529:
1527:
1524:
1522:
1521:Dorsum sellae
1519:
1518:
1517:
1516:Sella turcica
1514:
1511:
1510:
1508:
1504:
1501:
1499:
1495:
1485:
1482:
1481:
1479:
1477:
1476:Tympanic part
1473:
1467:
1465:
1460:
1458:
1455:
1453:
1450:
1446:
1443:
1441:
1438:
1437:
1436:
1433:
1429:
1428:Jugular fossa
1426:
1424:
1421:
1420:
1419:
1416:
1414:
1411:
1409:
1406:
1404:
1401:
1397:
1394:
1393:
1392:
1389:
1387:
1386:Carotid canal
1384:
1383:
1381:
1379:
1375:
1368:
1364:
1361:
1359:
1356:
1354:
1351:
1349:
1348:Mastoid notch
1346:
1343:
1342:Mastoid cells
1339:
1336:
1334:
1331:
1330:
1328:
1326:
1322:
1316:
1313:
1311:
1308:
1306:
1303:
1301:
1298:
1296:
1293:
1292:
1290:
1288:
1287:Squamous part
1284:
1281:
1279:
1275:
1265:
1262:
1260:
1259:Frontal sinus
1257:
1255:
1252:
1250:
1247:
1245:
1242:
1241:
1239:
1237:
1233:
1225:
1224:Frontal crest
1222:
1220:
1217:
1216:
1215:
1212:
1210:
1207:
1203:
1202:Foramen cecum
1200:
1198:
1195:
1193:
1190:
1189:
1188:
1185:
1181:
1178:
1176:
1173:
1172:
1171:
1168:
1166:
1163:
1161:
1158:
1157:
1155:
1153:
1152:Squamous part
1149:
1146:
1144:
1140:
1134:
1131:
1129:
1128:Sagittal keel
1126:
1124:
1121:
1119:
1116:
1114:
1113:Temporal line
1111:
1109:
1106:
1105:
1103:
1101:
1097:
1085:
1082:
1080:
1077:
1076:
1075:
1072:
1071:
1069:
1065:
1059:
1056:
1054:
1051:
1050:
1048:
1046:
1042:
1034:
1031:
1029:
1026:
1025:
1024:
1021:
1019:
1016:
1012:
1009:
1007:
1004:
1003:
1002:
999:
998:
996:
994:
993:Lateral parts
990:
982:
979:
977:
974:
972:
969:
967:
964:
963:
962:
959:
955:
952:
950:
947:
946:
945:
942:
938:
935:
933:
930:
928:
925:
923:
922:Occipital bun
920:
918:
914:
911:
910:
909:
906:
905:
903:
901:
900:Squamous part
897:
894:
892:
888:
884:
880:
873:
868:
866:
861:
859:
854:
853:
850:
843:
842:
841:latnasalwall3
837:
834:
831:
828:
827:
808:
804:
797:
789:
785:
781:
777:
773:
769:
762:
760:
751:
747:
742:
737:
733:
729:
725:
721:
717:
710:
708:
699:
695:
691:
687:
683:
679:
675:
671:
667:
663:
659:
652:
650:
641:
635:
627:
623:
619:
613:
609:
608:
600:
591:
589:
587:
578:
577:
569:
567:
565:
563:
561:
552:
548:
542:
534:
530:
526:
520:
516:
515:
508:
506:
504:
502:
500:
490:
488:
483:
480:
479:
476:
473:
471:
467:
466:public domain
451:
448:
445:, above, the
444:
438:
428:
426:
422:
418:
414:
410:
405:
402:
400:
396:
391:
389:
385:
380:
378:
374:
370:
366:
356:
348:
345:
343:
339:
335:
331:
326:
324:
314:
312:
308:
307:carotid canal
304:
300:
296:
292:
288:
284:
280:
270:
268:
265:
261:
257:
253:
249:
246:
242:
240:
232:
224:
214:
212:
208:
202:
200:
199:sella turcica
196:
191:
184:
175:
173:
169:
168:sphenoid bone
165:
161:
157:
145:
139:
135:
132:
129:
127:
123:
120:
117:
115:
111:
108:
105:
103:
99:
96:
93:
91:
87:
84:
81:
79:
75:
70:
67:
63:
60:
58:
54:
49:
42:
37:
30:
25:
20:
2124:Nasal mucosa
2109:Nasal septum
2051:Nasal meatus
2018:Lateral wall
1984:Nasal cavity
1952:Septal nasal
1944:
1867:
1821:
1808:
1781:Crista galli
1703:
1686:
1601:
1580:
1567:
1512:
1461:
1434:
1417:
1391:Facial canal
1378:Petrous part
1325:Mastoid part
1236:Orbital part
1213:
1186:
1169:
1045:Basilar part
1022:
960:
943:
932:Nuchal lines
907:
879:Neurocranium
839:
810:. Retrieved
806:
796:
774:(5): 582–6.
771:
767:
726:(1): 29–30.
723:
719:
665:
661:
606:
599:
575:
513:
477:
463:
457:
440:
406:
403:
395:vidian nerve
392:
381:
362:
354:
346:
338:basilar part
327:
320:
276:
252:facial nerve
243:
220:
203:
192:
189:
172:nasal cavity
158:is a paired
155:
153:
107:A06.1.03.003
82:
2102:Medial wall
1972:Vomeronasal
1940:Ala of nose
1667:Optic canal
1649:Small wings
1594:Great wings
807:Radiopaedia
417:optic nerve
351:Development
311:optic canal
283:optic nerve
279:optic canal
217:Innervation
72:Identifiers
2255:Categories
2078:Agger nasi
2053:: (Supreme
1967:Minor alar
1962:Major alar
1435:canaliculi
1197:Brow ridge
812:2023-11-12
626:1044772257
533:1082911887
454:References
409:Onodi cell
377:meningitis
301:, and the
2271:Rhinology
2062:inferior)
1873:Posterior
1855:Labyrinth
1692:Pterygoid
1679:processes
1677:Pterygoid
1084:Opisthion
949:Occipital
891:Occipital
732:1985-207X
682:1437-2320
634:cite book
541:cite book
384:sinusitis
369:occipital
267:secretion
178:Structure
2056:superior
1992:Openings
1878:Anterior
1802:Surfaces
1697:Scaphoid
1622:Spinosum
1607:Rotundum
1602:foramina
1506:Surfaces
1498:Sphenoid
1464:ossicles
1278:Temporal
1214:internal
1187:foramina
1180:Glabella
1170:external
1100:Parietal
961:internal
908:external
788:19004262
750:31289629
698:49331277
690:29926302
470:page 998
262:control
256:synapsed
2245:Anatomy
2183:pharynx
2004:Nostril
1761:Ethmoid
1726:Hamulus
1709:Lateral
1617:Vesalii
1462:(note:
1445:Mastoid
1143:Frontal
1023:jugular
1001:Condyle
881:of the
836:lesson9
741:6612268
425:CT scan
373:otalgia
340:of the
258:at the
166:of the
162:in the
95:D013101
51:Details
2231:Portal
2059:middle
2009:Choana
1769:Plates
1714:Medial
1687:fossae
1563:Clivus
1418:fossae
1396:Hiatus
1367:Aditus
1079:Basion
1058:Clivus
954:Nuchal
944:planes
786:
748:
738:
730:
696:
688:
680:
624:
614:
531:
521:
478:(1918)
323:septum
297:, the
293:, the
289:, the
285:, the
281:, the
211:choana
1735:Other
1629:Spine
1612:Ovale
1067:Other
913:Inion
883:skull
694:S2CID
468:from
264:mucus
254:that
142:[
131:54683
78:Latin
57:Nerve
2179:Naso
1742:Body
784:PMID
746:PMID
728:ISSN
686:PMID
678:ISSN
640:link
622:OCLC
612:ISBN
551:link
547:link
529:OCLC
519:ISBN
419:and
164:body
154:The
119:3178
102:TA98
90:MeSH
776:doi
736:PMC
670:doi
386:is
332:or
126:FMA
114:TA2
2257::
2027::
805:.
782:.
772:62
770:.
758:^
744:.
734:.
724:14
722:.
718:.
706:^
692:.
684:.
676:.
666:42
664:.
660:.
648:^
636:}}
632:{{
620:.
585:^
559:^
543:}}
539:{{
527:.
498:^
486:^
390:.
344:.
269:.
241:.
213:.
2233::
2181:-
1918:e
1911:t
1904:v
1369:)
1365:(
1344:)
1340:(
915:/
871:e
864:t
857:v
844:)
815:.
790:.
778::
752:.
700:.
672::
642:)
628:.
553:)
535:.
239:)
237:2
231:)
229:1
146:]
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
