442:("Great Shabbat" שבת הגדול) is the Shabbat immediately before Passover. The first Shabbat HaGadol took place in Egypt on 10 Nisan five days before the Israelite Exodus. On that day, the Israelites were given their first commandment which applied only to that Shabbat, "On the tenth day of this month (Nisan)... each man should take a lamb for the household, a lamb for each home (Exodus 12:3). There is a special Haftarah reading on this Shabbat of the book of
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idolatrous practice and courageously fulfilled this mitzvah in the eyes of the
Egyptian people, thereby demonstrating their complete trust and faith in God. Nothing could have been more abominable to the Egyptians, for their god was to be slaughtered. Nevertheless, miraculously the Egyptians were unable to utter a word or lift a hand. They watched helplessly as their god was being prepared for slaughter. This miracle was a great miracle (
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644:, the Jewish New Year. It occurs on the Shabbat following Tisha B'Av. Shabbat Nachamu is traditionally celebrated with singing, dancing, eating, and musical performances that extend into the early hours of the following morning. Many customs ordain that the celebration should last until the earliest time for
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on that
Shabbat, the first-born gentiles gathered near the Israelites and asked them why they were doing this. The following was their response: “This is a Pesach offering to God who will kill the firstborn Egyptians.” They (the firstborn) went to their fathers and to Pharaoh to request that they
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states: The lamb was the
Egyptian deity. Many Jews, after 210 years of immersion within Egyptian civilization, had also adopted this animal as their god. When God commanded that a lamb be set aside and tied to the bed for four days in anticipation of sacrifice, the Jewish people abandoned their
648:(morning prayer services). It is also customary to lead into Shabbat Nachamu on Erev Shabbat/Friday with lively musical performance and dance, as well as to resume musical performances after Shacharit on Sunday until Mincha/evening prayer services.
770:. These haftarot may be overridden by another special Shabbat, such as Shabbat Shekalim or Shabbat HaChodesh. Even so, in some communities the haftarah is concluded with the first and last lines of the haftarah of Machar Chodesh or Rosh Chodesh.
353:, the antagonist of the Purim story, was descended from Amalek. The portion that is read includes a commandment to remember the attack by Amalek, and therefore at this public reading both men and women make a special effort to hear the reading.
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794:(" Shabbat intermediate days" שבת חול המועד) which occurs up to twice a year during the week-long festivals. It can occur once during Passover and once during Sukkot ("Tabernacles") or in both.
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grant permission to send the Jewish people free – but they refused. The first-born then waged a war against them and many of them (the
Egyptians) were killed. This is the meaning of the verse (
162:(which coincides with the new month/moon) can occur on several occasions throughout the year. The other special Shabbats occur on specific sabbaths before or coinciding with certain
518:) to their commitment and faith in God (as explained in reason #1). God is called gadol. Therefore, the Jewish People who embraced and subjugated themselves to God earned the title
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If the day following
Shabbat is Rosh Chodesh, a special haftarah ("Machar Chodesh" - I Samuel 20:18-42) is generally read; if Shabbat itself falls on Rosh Chodesh, both a special
495:. Additionally, by fulfilling this first mitzvah they became like a child maturing into adulthood – they celebrated their Bar/Bat Mitzvah. In this light, the name
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40:1-26 that speaks of "comforting" the Jewish people for their suffering. It is the first of seven haftarot of consolation leading up to the holiday of
209:, and literally means "Return!" It is alternately known as Shabbat Shuvah owing to its being one of the Aseret Yemei Teshuvah (Ten Days of Repentance).
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is read, in which the laws of
Passover are defined. On the first day of Nisan, God presented the first commandment of how to "sanctify the new moon" (
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255:. There is an Ashkenazi custom to feed wild birds on this Shabbat, in recognition of their help to Moses in the Desert. Some communities recite the
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writes: On this day the Jewish people were commanded to fulfill their first mitzvah – to set aside the lamb as a sacrifice. (Note: The mitzvah of
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and its status as the saddest shabbat of the year (as opposed to the white sabbath, Shabbat Shuvah, immediately preceding Yom Kippur).
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is not read on these
Sabbaths and instead there are special Torah readings based on the uniqueness of each holiday and the
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was not one they practically fulfilled at that time on that month.) This significant achievement is therefore called
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Every
Shabbat preceding a festival or festival season is known as Shabbat Hagadol. (Shibolei Haleket)
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446:. Traditionally a lengthy and expansive sermon is given to the general community in the afternoon.
407:("Sabbath month" שבת החודש) takes place on the Shabbat preceding the first of the Hebrew month of
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and in addition to the designated Torah reading, maftir, and haftarah readings for that day, the
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Any
Shabbat that precedes and begins the week during which there will be a day or days of a new
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and in addition to the designated Torah reading, maftir, and haftarah readings for that day,
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In addition, there are
Shabbat Nachamu is connected to Tu B'av according to some sources.
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teaches that it is auspicious to repent of sins. Some people have the custom of fasting (
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and the Jews purified themselves so that they would be ready ("pure") to sacrifice the
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Hinei Anochi Shole’ach Lachem Et Eliyahu Hanavi Lifnei Bo Yom H-shem HaGadol V’hanorah
368:" שבת פרה) takes place on the Shabbat preceding Shabbat HaChodesh, in preparation for
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These are four special Sabbaths, each of which derives its name from the additional
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Day to Mark the Departure and Expulsion of Jews from the Arab Countries and Iran
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and thus Nisan becomes the first month of the Jewish year (counting by months).
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and special customs differentiate them from the other Shabbats (Hebrew, שבתות
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writes: In the Haftarah of the Shabbat prior to Pesach we read the possuk : “
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that is read that day. Two of the Sabbaths occur in the weeks leading up to
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and this is all that is read in Yemenite communities; other communities add
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community, who wake early in the morning on Shabbat to recite the entire
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1:1-27) that is read as the Haftarah on this Shabbat at the end of
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1111:"Shabbos Nachamu and Tu B'Av: Days of Rejoicing and Tefillah"
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388:") in the Jewish Temple as part of the manner in which the
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193:. The name Shabbat Shuvah comes from the first word of the
1032:"What are the Special Sabbaths Before Purim and Passover?"
861:) is read aloud in synagogue in its entirety with special
833:) is read aloud in synagogue in its entirety with special
747:, and who hold a gathering of extra rejoicing (known as a
539:’. (A similar reason is given for Yom Kippur being called
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and haftarah (Isaiah 66) are generally read, along with
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writes: On this day the Jewish people fully ‘returned’ (
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Various reasons are given for the name of this Shabbat:
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that is read on that day; the main haftarah consists of
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The Shabbat during Chol HaMoed on Passover is known as
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Haftarot for special Sabbaths, Festivals, and Fast Days
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states: “When they (the Jewish people) set aside their
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on many of these special Shabbatot. Two such Shabbats,
1088:. Jewish Publication Society of America. p. 304.
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The Shabbat during Chol HaMoed on Sukkot is known as
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Shabbat days on which special events are commemorated
955:(around January to February in the civil calendar).
613:'s prophecy of rebuke predicting the destruction of
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speech makes the Shabbat feel long, drawn out, and ‘
49:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
980:When it is a leap-year, two more weeks are added:
722:means "(the act of) blessing". derived from Latin
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706:refer to a Shabbos (Shabbat) like this as having
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345:, is recounted. There is a tradition from the
166:during the year according to a fixed pattern.
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887:is a Hebrew acronym for the Torah portions:
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499:would translate: The Shabbat the Jews became
155:the Shabbat preceding a new Hebrew month—and
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570:for their name is derived from the Haftarah.
341:), describing the attack on the weakest by
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1038:. United Synagogue of Conservative Judaism
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109:Learn how and when to remove this message
1084:Eisenberg, Ronald L. (9 December 2008).
947:, typically during the Hebrew months of
278:and two in the weeks then leading up to
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1923:Yom HaShoah (Holocaust Remembrance Day)
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2084:Jewish and Israeli holidays 2000–2050
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1163:My Jewish Learning: Special Shabbatot
1109:Levine, Rabbi Menachem (2024-08-15).
601:, which precede the mournful fast of
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599:the three weeks between dire straits
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47:adding citations to reliable sources
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1213:
239:15:1–18). This was the song by the
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1173:Orthodox Union: The Four Shabbatot
1086:The JPS Guide to Jewish Traditions
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973:and other Kabbalistic prayers and
969:during this time, and of reciting
809:(readings from the prophets.) See
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585:("Sabbath vision" שבת חזון, also
480:) and gives this Shabbat its name.
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376:19:1-22 (the beginning of Parasha
14:
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684:This prayer is recited after the
543:/ The Big Fast – it feels long!).
415:is celebrated. A special maftir,
316:leap years of the Hebrew calendar
1938:Yom Yerushalayim (Jerusalem Day)
1933:Yom HaAtzmaut (Independence Day)
661:Rosh Chodesh § Announcement
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337:25:17-19 (at the end of Parasha
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1150:- Customs of Shabbat Mevorchim.
322:Shabbat Zachor – of Remembrance
34:needs additional citations for
1897:Rosh Hashanah LeMa'sar Behemah
1168:Judaism 101: Special Shabbatot
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932:also means "mischief-makers".
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943:are read in the synagogue on
935:One of each of the first six
782:, the "intermediate days" of
286:Shabbat Shekalim – of Shekels
1928:Yom HaZikaron (Memorial Day)
696:, where it is stored in the
290:Shabbat Shekalim ("Sabbath
251:. The haftarah includes the
7:
1564:Shabbat pedestrian crossing
1074:, accessed 21 December 2015
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593:over Judah and Jerusalem" (
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1799:Yom tov sheni shel galuyot
1587:Eve of Passover on Shabbat
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851:Shabbat Chol Hamoed Sukkot
845:Shabbat Chol Hamoed Sukkot
823:Shabbat Chol Hamoed Pesach
817:Shabbat Chol Hamoed Pesach
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578:Shabbat Chazon – of Vision
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1070:Jewish Virtual Library,
681:means "they bless" .")
558:in the same category as
803:Three Pilgrim Festivals
692:is carried back to the
419:12:1-20 (from Parashah
170:Shabbat Shuvah – Return
1728:Ten Days of Repentance
1626:List of Shabbat topics
712:bentschen Rosh Chodesh
708:Rosh Chodesh bentschen
298:for the upkeep of the
247:. There is no special
245:Passage of the Red Sea
183:Ten Days of Repentance
1760:Fast of the Firstborn
1503:Rabbinic prohibitions
1346:Brisket (Jewish dish)
213:Shabbat Shirah – Song
1862:Counting of the Omer
1279:Weekly Torah portion
778:Each Shabbat during
605:. It is also called
589:) is named for the "
43:improve this article
2071:Adar and Adar Sheni
1148:HaYom Yom 26 Kislev
963:) and giving extra
797:The regular weekly
792:Shabbat Chol HaMoed
774:Shabbat Chol HaMoed
427:) for the onset of
2110:Jewish observances
619:siege of Jerusalem
266:The Four Parshiyot
241:Children of Israel
153:Shabbat Mevarchim—
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1095:978-0-8276-0760-6
1058:"Shabbat HaGadol"
869:during services.
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675:Shabbat Mevarchim
655:Shabbat Mevarchim
425:kiddush hachodesh
405:Shabbat HaChodesh
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877:Main article:
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815:
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772:
766:and a special
704:Ashkenazi Jews
673:) is known as
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638:Book of Isaiah
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583:Shabbat Chazon
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564:Shabbat Nahamu
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327:Shabbat Zachor
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2008:Hebrew months
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867:Torah reading
865:prior to the
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839:Torah reading
837:prior to the
836:
832:
831:Shir HaShirim
828:
827:Song of Songs
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799:Torah portion
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587:Shabbat Hazon
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568:Shabbat Shuva
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464:Psalms 136:10
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394:korban Pesach
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362:Shabbat Parah
357:Shabbat Parah
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226:
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210:
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207:Micah 7:18–20
204:
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199:Hosea 14:2–10
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60: –
59:
55:
54:Find sources:
48:
44:
38:
37:
32:This article
30:
26:
21:
20:
1822:Rosh Chodesh
1765:Pesach Sheni
1704:
1682:holidays and
1573:
1559:Sabbath mode
1554:Shabbat lamp
1539:KosherSwitch
1356:Gefilte fish
1283:
1244:Yedid Nefesh
1143:
1129:
1118:. Retrieved
1114:
1104:
1085:
1079:
1066:
1052:
1040:. Retrieved
1035:
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936:
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927:
882:
863:cantillation
858:
855:Ecclesiastes
850:
848:
835:cantillation
830:
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820:
796:
791:
777:
757:
752:
738:
728:
723:
719:
711:
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690:Torah scroll
683:
678:
674:
671:Rosh Chodesh
667:Hebrew month
664:
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489:Rosh Chodesh
488:
484:
477:
470:
459:paschal lamb
448:
439:
438:
429:Rosh Chodesh
424:
404:
403:
382:parah adumah
381:
361:
360:
326:
325:
303:
289:
269:
217:
216:
203:Joel 2:11–27
178:
174:
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159:Rosh Chodesh
156:
152:
144:
136:
121:
120:
105:
96:
86:
79:
72:
65:
53:
41:Please help
36:verification
33:
1857:Purim Katan
1804:Chol HaMoed
1684:observances
1532:Innovations
1513:Shabbos goy
1468:Electricity
1432:Kiddush cup
1336:Kosher wine
1320:Torah study
1249:Lekhah Dodi
1115:Think Torah
780:Chol HaMoed
688:before the
541:Tzoma Rabba
509:Hatam Sofer
485:Peri Hadash
364:("Sabbath
335:Deuteronomy
99:August 2009
2099:Categories
1887:Tisha B'Av
1867:Lag BaOmer
1842:Tu BiShvat
1733:Yom Kippur
1366:Vorschmack
1120:2024-08-25
1018:References
749:farbrengen
729:There are
724:benedictio
659:See also:
603:Tisha B'Av
386:red heifer
366:red heifer
339:Ki Teitzei
300:Tabernacle
243:after the
191:Yom Kippur
69:newspapers
1963:Rabin Day
1953:Herzl Day
1809:Isru chag
1746:Festivals
1582:Shabbaton
1042:March 17,
928:The word
923:Mishpatim
911:Beshalach
883:The word
720:bentschen
698:synagogue
694:Torah ark
679:mevarchim
646:Shacharit
478:nes gadol
225:Beshalach
145:Shabbatot
2051:Cheshvan
1989:Seharane
1977:holidays
1914:holidays
1832:Hanukkah
1755:Passover
1610:Havdalah
1298:Haftarah
1269:Baqashot
1135:"Bensch"
1002:Havdalah
996:See also
990:Tetzaveh
975:tikkunim
971:Selichot
966:tzedakah
957:Kabbalah
937:parashot
930:Shovavim
885:Shovavim
879:Shovavim
873:Shovavim
807:Haftarot
784:Passover
740:Tehillim
522:as well.
515:Teshuvah
413:Passover
370:Passover
280:Passover
195:Haftarah
157:Shabbat
149:piyyutim
137:shabbath
2105:Shabbat
2046:Tishrei
1985:Mimouna
1892:Tu B'Av
1772:Shavuot
1700:Shabbat
1693:Shabbat
1670:Israeli
1498:Muktzeh
1463:Driving
1448:Melakha
1410:Objects
1401:Yapchik
1391:Jachnun
1386:Kubaneh
1371:Cholent
1341:Challah
1264:Zemirot
1259:Kiddush
1229:Rituals
1226:Prayers
1209:Shabbat
1007:Shabbat
985:Terumah
961:ta'anit
945:Shabbat
939:of the
899:Va'eira
891:Shin -
859:Kohelet
731:Hasidic
716:Yiddish
636:in the
617:in the
609:due to
444:Malachi
390:kohanim
374:Numbers
308:Ki Tisa
304:mishkan
292:shekels
222:Parshat
205:and/or
141:liturgy
129:Shabbat
83:scholar
2066:Shevat
2056:Kislev
2031:Tammuz
1777:Sukkot
1680:Jewish
1666:Jewish
1518:Shinuy
1396:Sabich
1361:Helzel
1293:Maftir
1092:
953:Shevat
921:Mem -
915:Yud -
909:Bet -
903:Bet -
897:Vav -
893:Shemot
788:Sukkot
768:Mussaf
764:Hallel
760:maftir
735:Chabad
714:. (In
634:Isaiah
611:Isaiah
566:, and
546:Rabbi
417:Exodus
378:Chukat
347:Talmud
343:Amalek
296:shekel
257:piyyut
237:Exodus
227:. The
135:, שבת
133:Hebrew
126:Jewish
85:
78:
71:
64:
56:
2061:Tevet
2026:Sivan
2016:Nisan
1852:Purim
1493:Grama
1422:Blech
1381:Mouna
1376:Kugel
949:Tevet
917:Yitro
537:gadol
520:gadol
501:gadol
493:Gadol
409:Nisan
351:Haman
349:that
331:Purim
314:. In
302:, or
276:Purim
90:JSTOR
76:books
2041:Elul
2021:Iyar
1993:Sigd
1668:and
1473:Eruv
1441:Laws
1329:Food
1090:ISBN
1044:2023
951:and
786:and
745:shul
525:The
506:The
483:The
469:The
453:The
312:Adar
124:are
62:news
1214:שבת
977:.
743:in
710:or
472:Tur
421:Bo)
177:or
45:by
2101::
2036:Av
1113:.
1034:.
905:Bo
813:.
755:.
718:,
700:.
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384:("
372:.
333:.
282:.
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80:·
73:·
66:·
39:.
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