1151:
441:
5309:
5275:
2275:
5880:
5462:
5445:
5411:
5394:
5377:
5360:
5343:
5700:
5428:
5326:
1925:
2200:
2025:
2547:
6203:
2175:
1133:
430:
3533:
2747:
5818:
5247:
6101:
6067:
6050:
6033:
5999:
5982:
5965:
5615:
5581:
5564:
5547:
5496:
5479:
832:
2597:
31:
2772:
2572:
2000:
5768:
5751:
5734:
5717:
5683:
5666:
5649:
5598:
5530:
5513:
2475:
2722:
6084:
2647:
2400:
2350:
2225:
1092:
408:
2697:
1975:
1950:
3840:
1076:
1062:
1038:
1008:
994:
397:
386:
375:
331:
320:
2622:
2425:
2375:
2125:
2075:
2905:
883:
795:
265:
2450:
2300:
2050:
2325:
2150:
2100:
2829:
1024:
964:
948:
918:
364:
342:
298:
287:
978:
853:
813:
756:
309:
243:
868:
780:
254:
6254:
6237:
6220:
6169:
6016:
5948:
5914:
5897:
5863:
5846:
2672:
2250:
6186:
6152:
6118:
5632:
1113:
898:
419:
276:
5931:
6135:
5292:
933:
736:
353:
232:
5201:
2921:
officials expected the flag bearer to show an example of an attractive, physically strong person and a distinguished athlete. He was expected to carry the flag through the
Olympic ceremony in one hand unsupported by a harness. This presented a formidable physical task as the flag weighed 16 kilograms
466:, the Soviet team ranked first in the total number of gold medals won, second three times, and became the biggest contender to the United States' domination in the Summer Games. Similarly, the team was ranked first in the gold medal count seven times and second twice in its nine appearances at the
2895:
in Los
Angeles. Dated prior to the country's decision to boycott the Games, the document detailed the existing steroids operations of the program, along with suggestions for further enhancements. The communication, directed to the Soviet Union's head of track and field, was prepared by Dr. Sergei
2922:(35 lb) in the 1960s, and a sudden wind might further increase the physical load. Hence the Soviet flag bearers at the opening ceremony of the Summer Olympics were selected from among heavyweight weightlifters or wrestlers, who did not have to compete the next day.
2933:
respectively, were not allowed to compete because the officials did not believe they would win a gold medal. Both were top-level heavyweight weightlifters. Kutsenko placed second at the 1950 World
Championships and Medvedev won the world title in 1956 and 1957.
2888:, a 1989 Australian study said "There is hardly a medal winner at the Moscow Games, certainly not a gold medal winner, who is not on one sort of drug or another: usually several kinds. The Moscow Games might as well have been called the Chemists' Games."
3593:
2847:
and other
Western countries, whose athletes were students or real amateurs. Indeed, the Soviet Union monopolized the top place in the medal standings after 1968, and, until its collapse, placed second only once, in the
2925:
Soviet officials also expected the flag bearer to win a gold medal at the given
Olympics. This resulted in absurd situations at the 1952 and 1956 Summer Olympics, when the selected flag bearers,
2896:
Portugalov of the
Institute for Physical Culture. Portugalov was also one of the main figures involved in the implementation of the Russian doping program prior to the 2016 Summer Olympics.
5807:
5236:
3521:
3173:
2843:
All Soviet athletes held some nominal jobs, but were in fact state-sponsored and trained full-time. According to many experts, that gave the Soviet Union a huge advantage over the
3499:
5800:
5229:
3905:
3900:
3813:
3808:
3695:
3633:
3628:
2943:
5071:
1117:
423:
3798:
3793:
3728:
3618:
3613:
3514:
1155:
445:
3723:
3114:
5793:
5222:
5076:
3843:
3648:
3507:
1136:
434:
470:. The Soviet Union's success might be attributed to a heavy state investment in sports to fulfill its political objectives on an international stage.
3876:
3743:
3328:
2948:
4391:
3988:
3803:
3643:
3623:
3058:
5107:
4995:
3823:
3788:
3750:
3718:
3708:
3688:
3608:
4128:
3703:
3683:
3678:
3673:
3668:
3529:
651:
5827:
5256:
3598:
3077:"Sports in Soviet Union Only for Elite : There Are Top Athletes, and then There Are Those Who Sunbathe and Watch Drawbridges Go up"
5056:
5884:
5772:
5755:
5738:
5721:
5687:
5670:
5653:
5602:
5534:
5517:
5466:
5449:
5415:
5398:
5381:
5364:
5347:
5330:
5313:
5279:
2891:
Documents obtained in 2016 revealed the Soviet Union's plans for a statewide doping system in track and field in preparation for the
6105:
6088:
6071:
6054:
6037:
6003:
5986:
5969:
5636:
5619:
5585:
5568:
5551:
5500:
5483:
5132:
3968:
3463:
3458:
3453:
3448:
3443:
3438:
3433:
3428:
3423:
3403:
3393:
3388:
3383:
3378:
3373:
3368:
3363:
3358:
1825:
1794:
1763:
1732:
1701:
1670:
1639:
1608:
1577:
1488:
1445:
1414:
1383:
1352:
1321:
1290:
1259:
1228:
215:
210:
205:
200:
195:
190:
185:
180:
175:
157:
147:
142:
137:
132:
127:
122:
117:
112:
5162:
3910:
3036:
5182:
4715:
4254:
3738:
3271:
3202:
6281:
5157:
4381:
3983:
3869:
3321:
3279:
540:
5127:
4649:
4416:
4411:
3580:
2551:
485:(1939–1945), dominating the Olympic Games came to be seen by Soviet officials and leaders as a useful method of promoting
481:(1917–1922), the Soviet Union did not participate in international sporting events on ideological grounds; however, after
6190:
6156:
6122:
5432:
4401:
4209:
3758:
3658:
3414:
3349:
2990:
462:
in 1952, and competed at the Summer and Winter Games on 18 occasions subsequently. At six of its nine appearances at the
3013:
6258:
6241:
6224:
6207:
6173:
6139:
6020:
5952:
5935:
5918:
5901:
5867:
5850:
5824:
5296:
5253:
4306:
3663:
3156:
1866:
1529:
1173:
608:
later in the year (represented by 12 of the 15 ex-Republics), and finished first in the medal rankings at those Games.
3854:
5704:
5112:
5066:
4003:
3023:
3000:
2279:
6248:
6231:
6214:
6197:
6180:
6163:
6146:
6129:
6112:
6095:
6078:
6061:
6044:
6027:
6010:
5993:
5976:
5959:
5942:
5925:
5908:
5891:
5874:
5857:
5840:
5762:
5745:
5728:
5711:
5694:
5677:
5660:
5643:
5626:
5609:
5592:
5575:
5558:
5541:
5524:
5507:
5490:
5473:
5456:
5439:
5422:
5405:
5388:
5371:
5354:
5337:
5320:
5303:
5286:
5269:
5152:
5015:
4990:
4963:
3862:
3773:
3588:
3314:
1844:
1813:
1782:
1751:
1720:
1689:
1658:
1627:
1596:
1507:
1464:
1433:
1402:
1371:
1340:
1309:
1278:
1247:
3125:
6286:
5025:
4867:
3567:
3562:
3557:
3292:
2953:
2930:
2877:
2857:
2856:. Amateur rules were relaxed only in the late 1980s and were almost completely abolished in the 1990s, after the
2751:
494:
5147:
5117:
4953:
4775:
4770:
4735:
4484:
4433:
4276:
3778:
2601:
740:
567:
236:
4827:
4782:
4406:
4269:
4264:
4043:
2776:
2576:
2004:
5177:
5172:
5122:
4970:
4644:
4609:
4153:
4143:
3948:
3485:
2479:
1096:
902:
593:
571:
563:
544:
412:
280:
5137:
5097:
5061:
5005:
4927:
4862:
4619:
4599:
4579:
4449:
4386:
4376:
4316:
4158:
4048:
3768:
3096:
3076:
2973:
2726:
5187:
4897:
4857:
4837:
4700:
4654:
4634:
4539:
4529:
4489:
4459:
4291:
4138:
4103:
4088:
4073:
4028:
3963:
3885:
2908:
2651:
2404:
2354:
2229:
2204:
1929:
1080:
1066:
1042:
1012:
998:
401:
390:
379:
335:
324:
53:
4958:
4832:
4624:
4614:
4594:
4504:
4494:
4428:
4356:
4326:
4214:
4093:
2701:
1979:
1954:
887:
799:
269:
43:
3238:
5785:
5214:
5142:
4985:
4912:
4907:
4882:
4720:
4639:
4589:
4564:
4559:
4554:
4474:
4396:
4366:
4341:
4301:
4286:
4229:
4193:
4168:
4018:
4013:
3993:
3958:
3943:
2626:
2429:
2379:
2129:
2079:
2029:
58:
35:
5102:
5040:
4937:
4887:
4847:
4802:
4797:
4792:
4765:
4760:
4750:
4745:
4740:
4725:
4710:
4705:
4695:
4690:
4685:
4680:
4659:
4569:
4549:
4454:
4423:
4346:
4321:
4311:
4244:
4239:
4224:
4178:
4148:
4133:
4118:
4108:
4098:
4063:
4058:
4008:
3978:
3953:
3928:
2454:
2304:
2179:
2054:
1028:
982:
968:
952:
922:
857:
817:
760:
543:
won the first Winter
Olympic gold medal in the history of Soviet sport, competing in the women's
368:
346:
313:
302:
291:
247:
3174:"The 1980 Olympics Are The 'Cleanest' In History. Athletes Recall How Moscow Cheated The System"
5035:
4932:
4922:
4902:
4892:
4877:
4872:
4852:
4822:
4817:
4807:
4787:
4755:
4730:
4534:
4524:
4469:
4464:
4361:
4351:
4331:
4259:
4249:
4234:
4188:
4183:
4123:
4078:
4038:
3933:
2329:
2154:
2104:
937:
872:
784:
357:
258:
506:
5030:
5020:
5010:
5000:
4917:
4842:
4812:
4664:
4629:
4604:
4574:
4519:
4499:
4479:
4336:
4281:
4219:
4163:
4113:
4068:
4053:
4033:
4023:
3998:
3938:
5821:
5250:
5205:
5081:
4980:
4975:
4584:
4544:
4514:
4509:
4371:
4296:
4173:
4083:
3973:
3537:
3481:
2892:
2885:
2849:
2833:
2676:
2254:
1820:
1789:
1758:
1727:
1696:
1665:
1634:
1603:
1572:
1483:
1471:
1440:
1409:
1378:
1347:
1316:
1285:
1254:
1223:
690:
642:
605:
601:
575:
551:
536:
532:
513:
502:
498:
467:
463:
65:
604:, where they finished second in the medal rankings. The Unified Team also competed in the
524:
won the first
Olympic gold medal in the history of Soviet sport, competing in the women's
8:
1565:
1216:
2876:
colonel stated that the agency's officers had posed as anti-doping authorities from the
3884:
528:. Romashkova's result in this event (51.42 m) was the new Olympic record at that time.
474:
2884:
and that Soviet athletes were "rescued with tremendous efforts". On the topic of the
3210:
3152:
3081:
3019:
2996:
478:
2986:
3146:
2869:
521:
3172:
Aleksandrov, Alexei; Aleksandrov, Grebeniuk; Runets, Volodymyr (July 22, 2020).
3306:
3287:
2926:
6275:
5817:
5246:
3889:
3214:
2844:
559:
459:
2992:
Globalizing Sport: National
Rivalry and International Community in the 1930s
3541:
3532:
3203:"The Soviet Doping Plan: Document Reveals Illicit Approach to '84 Olympics"
2918:
2912:
2853:
597:
525:
482:
455:
30:
3255:
3148:
Drug Games: The
International Olympic Committee and the Politics of Doping
3263:
2881:
2837:
579:
592:
In 1992, 7 of the 15 former Soviet Republics competed together as the
520:
thus became first Olympic Games for Soviet athletes. On July 20, 1952
2904:
2828:
486:
5815:
5244:
701:
517:
1180:*Purple border colour indicates tournament was held on home soil.
539:
became the first Winter Olympic Games for Soviet athletes. There
501:(May 7, 1951). In the same year, when the Soviet representative
695:
647:
555:
2974:"The Role of Sports in the Soviet Union | Guided History"
3171:
589:
formally existed until March 12, 1992, when it disbanded.
3097:"The Role of Sports in The Soviet Union – Guided History"
2944:
List of flag bearers for the Soviet Union at the Olympics
2873:
3484:. The Soviet Union did not participate in 1984 due to a
585:
Although the USSR ceased to exist on December 26, 1991,
2995:, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts,
2832:
The Soviet Union team at the opening ceremony of the
505:
became an IOC member, the USSR officially joined the
616:Soviet Union has hosted the Games on one occasion.
3015:Sport in the USSR: Physical Culture—Visual Culture
2949:Category:Olympic competitors for the Soviet Union
6273:
3336:
3037:"WHAT HAPPENED TO THE SOVIET OLYMPIC COMMITTEE?"
5801:
5230:
3870:
3515:
3322:
3196:
3194:
715:
2899:
5808:
5794:
5237:
5223:
3877:
3863:
3522:
3508:
3329:
3315:
29:
3191:
3151:. University of Texas Press. p. 66.
2852:, after another Eastern bloc nation, the
2518:
1887:
1539:
1190:
3140:
3138:
3056:
2903:
2827:
550:The USSR became the host nation for the
3233:
3231:
6274:
3107:
493:was formed on April 21, 1951, and the
5789:
5218:
3858:
3503:
3310:
3237:Kochetkov, Aleksandr (8 August 2008)
3135:
2794:
2497:
770:
3228:
3200:
3144:
3059:"Soviet Amateur Athlete: A Real Pro"
1882:
1185:
671:
3201:Ruiz, Rebecca R. (13 August 2016).
456:Union of Soviet Socialist Republics
13:
3258:. International Olympic Committee.
1174:All-time Olympic Games medal table
14:
6298:
3248:
587:The Olympic Committee of the USSR
491:The Olympic Committee of the USSR
458:(USSR) first participated at the
6252:
6235:
6218:
6201:
6184:
6167:
6150:
6133:
6116:
6099:
6082:
6065:
6048:
6031:
6014:
5997:
5980:
5963:
5946:
5929:
5912:
5895:
5878:
5861:
5844:
5816:
5766:
5749:
5732:
5715:
5698:
5681:
5664:
5647:
5630:
5613:
5596:
5579:
5562:
5545:
5528:
5511:
5494:
5477:
5460:
5443:
5426:
5409:
5392:
5375:
5358:
5341:
5324:
5307:
5290:
5273:
5245:
5199:
3839:
3838:
3531:
3057:Washburn, J. N. (21 July 1974).
2868:According to British journalist
2823:
2770:
2745:
2720:
2695:
2670:
2645:
2620:
2595:
2570:
2545:
2473:
2448:
2423:
2398:
2373:
2348:
2323:
2298:
2273:
2248:
2223:
2198:
2173:
2148:
2123:
2098:
2073:
2048:
2023:
1998:
1973:
1948:
1923:
1149:
1131:
1111:
1090:
1074:
1060:
1036:
1022:
1006:
992:
976:
962:
946:
931:
916:
896:
881:
866:
851:
830:
811:
793:
778:
754:
734:
710:
439:
428:
417:
406:
395:
384:
373:
362:
351:
340:
329:
318:
307:
296:
285:
274:
263:
252:
241:
230:
3293:International Olympic Committee
3178:Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty
3165:
2954:Soviet Union at the Paralympics
2878:International Olympic Committee
1167:
611:
497:recognised the new body in its
4392:St. Vincent and the Grenadines
3906:Nations at the Winter Olympics
3901:Nations at the Summer Olympics
3089:
3069:
3050:
3029:
3018:, Reaktion Books Ltd, London,
3006:
2980:
2966:
1843:
1812:
1781:
1750:
1719:
1688:
1657:
1626:
1595:
1506:
1463:
1432:
1401:
1370:
1339:
1308:
1277:
1246:
568:Soviet invasion of Afghanistan
566:these Games in protest of the
1:
2959:
6282:Soviet Union at the Olympics
5072:Olympic Athletes from Russia
3480:The Soviet Union hosted the
3338:Soviet Union at the Olympics
1118:Olympic Athletes from Russia
424:Olympic Athletes from Russia
7:
3886:National Olympic Committees
2937:
1156:Individual Neutral Athletes
446:Individual Neutral Athletes
10:
6303:
3888:that have competed at the
1819:
1788:
1757:
1726:
1695:
1664:
1633:
1602:
1571:
1482:
1470:
1439:
1408:
1377:
1346:
1315:
1284:
1253:
1222:
1171:
5834:
5263:
5196:
5090:
5077:Russian Olympic Committee
5049:
4946:
4673:
4442:
4202:
3921:
3896:
3834:
3576:
3548:
3477:
3413:
3348:
3344:
2863:
2769:
2744:
2719:
2694:
2669:
2644:
2619:
2594:
2569:
2544:
2539:
2536:
2533:
2530:
2527:
2472:
2447:
2422:
2397:
2372:
2347:
2322:
2297:
2272:
2247:
2222:
2197:
2172:
2147:
2122:
2097:
2072:
2047:
2022:
1997:
1972:
1947:
1922:
1917:
1914:
1911:
1908:
1905:
1850:
1513:
1475:
1148:
1137:Russian Olympic Committee
1058:
960:
945:
930:
915:
895:
880:
865:
850:
828:
768:
753:
733:
725:
716:Timeline of participation
562:and many other countries
477:of November 1917 and the
229:
225:Other related appearances
224:
171:
166:
108:
103:
64:
52:
42:
28:
21:
16:Sporting event delegation
5206:Olympic Games portal
3969:Central African Republic
3145:Hunt, Thomas M. (2011).
2900:Flag bearers controversy
59:Soviet Olympic Committee
36:Flag of the Soviet Union
3295:: 530–557. October 1974
3280:"The USSR and Olympism"
3272:"Olympic Analytics/URS"
3012:O'Mahony, Mike (2006),
6287:Russia at the Olympics
5183:United Team of Germany
4716:Bosnia and Herzegovina
4255:British Virgin Islands
2915:
2840:
2519:Medals by winter sport
1888:Medals by summer sport
1573:1956 Cortina d'Ampezzo
1540:Medals by Winter Games
1191:Medals by Summer Games
596:and marched under the
5158:Serbia and Montenegro
5057:Independent Olympians
4129:São Tomé and Príncipe
3538:National sports teams
2907:
2831:
1897:Leading in that sport
5128:Netherlands Antilles
5082:Refugee Olympic Team
4650:United Arab Emirates
3482:1980 Summer Olympics
3415:Winter Olympic Games
3350:Summer Olympic Games
3131:on January 23, 2017.
2893:1984 Summer Olympics
2886:1980 Summer Olympics
2834:1964 Summer Olympics
2552:Cross country skiing
691:1976 Summer Olympics
643:1980 Summer Olympics
552:1980 Summer Olympics
545:cross-country skiing
533:1956 Winter Olympics
514:1952 Summer Olympics
503:Konstantin Andrianov
468:Winter Olympic Games
464:Summer Olympic Games
5108:British West Indies
4402:Trinidad and Tobago
4382:St. Kitts and Nevis
4210:Antigua and Barbuda
2880:(IOC) to undermine
2795:Totals (10 entries)
2524:
2498:Totals (23 entries)
1902:
1477:did not participate
22:Soviet Union at the
4307:Dominican Republic
3274:. olympanalyt.com.
3207:The New York Times
3063:The New York Times
2916:
2841:
2523:
1901:
656:19 July – 3 August
547:10 km event.
475:Russian Revolution
272:(1924–1928, 1992–)
261:(1924–1936, 1992–)
250:(1920–1936, 1992–)
167:Winter appearances
104:Summer appearances
6269:
6268:
5783:
5782:
5212:
5211:
5113:Republic of China
4004:Equatorial Guinea
3852:
3851:
3497:
3496:
3473:
3472:
3256:"Olympic Results"
3082:Los Angeles Times
2850:1984 Winter games
2820:
2819:
2811:
2810:
2514:
2513:
2280:Modern pentathlon
1879:
1878:
1872:
1871:
1604:1960 Squaw Valley
1535:
1534:
1165:
1164:
1141:
708:
707:
672:Unsuccessful bids
669:
668:
602:Albertville Games
570:; the USSR led a
537:Cortina d'Ampezzo
479:Russian Civil War
452:
451:
6294:
6261:
6256:
6255:
6244:
6239:
6238:
6227:
6222:
6221:
6210:
6205:
6204:
6193:
6188:
6187:
6176:
6171:
6170:
6159:
6154:
6153:
6142:
6137:
6136:
6125:
6120:
6119:
6108:
6103:
6102:
6091:
6086:
6085:
6074:
6069:
6068:
6057:
6052:
6051:
6040:
6035:
6034:
6023:
6018:
6017:
6006:
6001:
6000:
5989:
5984:
5983:
5972:
5967:
5966:
5955:
5950:
5949:
5938:
5933:
5932:
5921:
5916:
5915:
5904:
5899:
5898:
5887:
5882:
5881:
5870:
5865:
5864:
5853:
5848:
5847:
5820:
5810:
5803:
5796:
5787:
5786:
5775:
5770:
5769:
5758:
5753:
5752:
5741:
5736:
5735:
5724:
5719:
5718:
5707:
5702:
5701:
5690:
5685:
5684:
5673:
5668:
5667:
5656:
5651:
5650:
5639:
5634:
5633:
5622:
5617:
5616:
5605:
5600:
5599:
5588:
5583:
5582:
5571:
5566:
5565:
5554:
5549:
5548:
5537:
5532:
5531:
5520:
5515:
5514:
5503:
5498:
5497:
5486:
5481:
5480:
5469:
5464:
5463:
5452:
5447:
5446:
5435:
5430:
5429:
5418:
5413:
5412:
5401:
5396:
5395:
5384:
5379:
5378:
5367:
5362:
5361:
5350:
5345:
5344:
5333:
5328:
5327:
5316:
5311:
5310:
5299:
5294:
5293:
5282:
5277:
5276:
5249:
5239:
5232:
5225:
5216:
5215:
5204:
5203:
5202:
5016:Papua New Guinea
4991:Marshall Islands
3911:tropical nations
3879:
3872:
3865:
3856:
3855:
3842:
3841:
3536:
3535:
3524:
3517:
3510:
3501:
3500:
3491:
3400:
3346:
3345:
3331:
3324:
3317:
3308:
3307:
3303:
3301:
3300:
3284:
3275:
3267:
3266:. Olympedia.com.
3259:
3242:
3239:Флагманы сборной
3235:
3226:
3225:
3223:
3221:
3198:
3189:
3188:
3186:
3184:
3169:
3163:
3162:
3142:
3133:
3132:
3130:
3124:. Archived from
3119:
3111:
3105:
3104:
3093:
3087:
3086:
3073:
3067:
3066:
3054:
3048:
3047:
3045:
3043:
3033:
3027:
3010:
3004:
2987:Keys, Barbara J.
2984:
2978:
2977:
2970:
2931:Aleksey Medvedev
2858:fall of the USSR
2774:
2773:
2749:
2748:
2724:
2723:
2699:
2698:
2674:
2673:
2649:
2648:
2624:
2623:
2599:
2598:
2574:
2573:
2549:
2548:
2525:
2522:
2477:
2476:
2452:
2451:
2427:
2426:
2402:
2401:
2377:
2376:
2352:
2351:
2327:
2326:
2302:
2301:
2277:
2276:
2252:
2251:
2227:
2226:
2202:
2201:
2177:
2176:
2152:
2151:
2127:
2126:
2102:
2101:
2077:
2076:
2052:
2051:
2027:
2026:
2002:
2001:
1977:
1976:
1952:
1951:
1927:
1926:
1903:
1900:
1894:
1883:
1759:1980 Lake Placid
1544:
1543:
1472:1984 Los Angeles
1348:1968 Mexico City
1195:
1194:
1186:
1161:
1153:
1152:
1139:
1135:
1134:
1123:
1115:
1114:
1103:
1102:
1094:
1093:
1087:
1086:
1078:
1077:
1072:
1064:
1063:
1049:
1048:
1040:
1039:
1034:
1026:
1025:
1019:
1018:
1010:
1009:
1004:
996:
995:
989:
988:
980:
979:
974:
966:
965:
958:
950:
949:
943:
935:
934:
928:
920:
919:
908:
900:
899:
893:
885:
884:
878:
870:
869:
863:
855:
854:
842:
834:
833:
820:
815:
814:
805:
797:
796:
790:
782:
781:
766:
758:
757:
746:
738:
737:
720:
719:
676:
675:
619:
618:
507:Olympic Movement
443:
442:
432:
431:
421:
420:
410:
409:
399:
398:
388:
387:
377:
376:
366:
365:
355:
354:
344:
343:
333:
332:
322:
321:
311:
310:
300:
299:
289:
288:
278:
277:
267:
266:
256:
255:
245:
244:
234:
233:
154:
71:
33:
19:
18:
6302:
6301:
6297:
6296:
6295:
6293:
6292:
6291:
6272:
6271:
6270:
6265:
6264:
6253:
6247:
6236:
6230:
6219:
6213:
6202:
6196:
6185:
6179:
6168:
6162:
6151:
6145:
6134:
6128:
6117:
6111:
6100:
6094:
6083:
6077:
6066:
6060:
6049:
6043:
6032:
6026:
6015:
6009:
5998:
5992:
5981:
5975:
5964:
5958:
5947:
5941:
5930:
5924:
5913:
5907:
5896:
5890:
5879:
5873:
5862:
5856:
5845:
5839:
5830:
5828:leaders by year
5822:Winter Olympics
5814:
5784:
5779:
5778:
5767:
5761:
5750:
5744:
5733:
5727:
5716:
5710:
5699:
5693:
5682:
5676:
5665:
5659:
5648:
5642:
5631:
5625:
5614:
5608:
5597:
5591:
5580:
5574:
5563:
5557:
5546:
5540:
5529:
5523:
5512:
5506:
5495:
5489:
5478:
5472:
5461:
5455:
5444:
5438:
5427:
5421:
5410:
5404:
5393:
5387:
5376:
5370:
5359:
5353:
5342:
5336:
5325:
5319:
5308:
5302:
5291:
5285:
5274:
5268:
5259:
5257:leaders by year
5251:Summer Olympics
5243:
5213:
5208:
5200:
5198:
5192:
5086:
5045:
5026:Solomon Islands
4942:
4868:North Macedonia
4669:
4438:
4198:
3917:
3892:
3883:
3853:
3848:
3830:
3572:
3544:
3530:
3528:
3498:
3493:
3489:
3469:
3468:
3409:
3408:
3398:
3340:
3335:
3298:
3296:
3282:
3278:
3270:
3262:
3254:
3251:
3246:
3245:
3236:
3229:
3219:
3217:
3199:
3192:
3182:
3180:
3170:
3166:
3159:
3143:
3136:
3128:
3117:
3113:
3112:
3108:
3095:
3094:
3090:
3085:. 22 July 1986.
3075:
3074:
3070:
3055:
3051:
3041:
3039:
3035:
3034:
3030:
3011:
3007:
2985:
2981:
2972:
2971:
2967:
2962:
2940:
2902:
2870:Andrew Jennings
2866:
2826:
2821:
2771:
2752:Nordic combined
2746:
2721:
2696:
2671:
2646:
2621:
2596:
2571:
2546:
2521:
2474:
2449:
2424:
2399:
2374:
2349:
2324:
2299:
2274:
2249:
2224:
2199:
2174:
2149:
2124:
2099:
2074:
2049:
2024:
1999:
1974:
1949:
1924:
1899:
1892:
1890:
1880:
1542:
1193:
1176:
1170:
1159:
1150:
1132:
1121:
1112:
1100:
1091:
1089:
1084:
1075:
1070:
1061:
1059:
1046:
1037:
1032:
1023:
1021:
1016:
1007:
1002:
993:
991:
986:
977:
972:
963:
961:
956:
947:
941:
932:
926:
917:
906:
897:
891:
882:
876:
867:
861:
852:
840:
831:
812:
810:
803:
794:
788:
779:
764:
755:
744:
735:
718:
713:
674:
614:
606:Barcelona Games
541:Lyubov Kozyreva
522:Nina Romashkova
440:
438:
429:
427:
418:
416:
407:
405:
396:
394:
385:
383:
374:
372:
363:
361:
352:
350:
341:
339:
330:
328:
319:
317:
308:
306:
297:
295:
286:
284:
275:
273:
264:
262:
253:
251:
242:
240:
231:
220:
162:
152:
69:
68:
38:
23:
17:
12:
11:
5:
6300:
6290:
6289:
6284:
6267:
6266:
6263:
6262:
6245:
6228:
6211:
6194:
6177:
6160:
6143:
6126:
6109:
6092:
6075:
6058:
6041:
6024:
6007:
5990:
5973:
5956:
5939:
5922:
5905:
5888:
5871:
5854:
5836:
5835:
5832:
5831:
5813:
5812:
5805:
5798:
5790:
5781:
5780:
5777:
5776:
5759:
5742:
5725:
5708:
5691:
5674:
5657:
5640:
5623:
5606:
5589:
5572:
5555:
5538:
5521:
5504:
5487:
5470:
5453:
5436:
5419:
5402:
5385:
5368:
5351:
5334:
5317:
5300:
5283:
5265:
5264:
5261:
5260:
5242:
5241:
5234:
5227:
5219:
5210:
5209:
5197:
5194:
5193:
5191:
5190:
5185:
5180:
5175:
5170:
5165:
5160:
5155:
5150:
5148:Russian Empire
5145:
5140:
5135:
5130:
5125:
5120:
5118:Czechoslovakia
5115:
5110:
5105:
5100:
5094:
5092:
5088:
5087:
5085:
5084:
5079:
5074:
5069:
5064:
5059:
5053:
5051:
5047:
5046:
5044:
5043:
5038:
5033:
5028:
5023:
5018:
5013:
5008:
5003:
4998:
4993:
4988:
4983:
4978:
4973:
4968:
4967:
4966:
4956:
4954:American Samoa
4950:
4948:
4944:
4943:
4941:
4940:
4935:
4930:
4925:
4920:
4915:
4910:
4905:
4900:
4895:
4890:
4885:
4880:
4875:
4870:
4865:
4860:
4855:
4850:
4845:
4840:
4835:
4830:
4825:
4820:
4815:
4810:
4805:
4800:
4795:
4790:
4785:
4780:
4779:
4778:
4773:
4763:
4758:
4753:
4748:
4743:
4738:
4736:Czech Republic
4733:
4728:
4723:
4718:
4713:
4708:
4703:
4698:
4693:
4688:
4683:
4677:
4675:
4671:
4670:
4668:
4667:
4662:
4657:
4652:
4647:
4642:
4637:
4632:
4627:
4622:
4617:
4612:
4607:
4602:
4597:
4592:
4587:
4582:
4577:
4572:
4567:
4562:
4557:
4552:
4547:
4542:
4537:
4532:
4527:
4522:
4517:
4512:
4507:
4502:
4497:
4492:
4487:
4485:Chinese Taipei
4482:
4477:
4472:
4467:
4462:
4457:
4452:
4446:
4444:
4440:
4439:
4437:
4436:
4434:Virgin Islands
4431:
4426:
4421:
4420:
4419:
4414:
4404:
4399:
4394:
4389:
4384:
4379:
4374:
4369:
4364:
4359:
4354:
4349:
4344:
4339:
4334:
4329:
4324:
4319:
4314:
4309:
4304:
4299:
4294:
4289:
4284:
4279:
4277:Cayman Islands
4274:
4273:
4272:
4267:
4257:
4252:
4247:
4242:
4237:
4232:
4227:
4222:
4217:
4212:
4206:
4204:
4200:
4199:
4197:
4196:
4191:
4186:
4181:
4176:
4171:
4166:
4161:
4156:
4151:
4146:
4141:
4136:
4131:
4126:
4121:
4116:
4111:
4106:
4101:
4096:
4091:
4086:
4081:
4076:
4071:
4066:
4061:
4056:
4051:
4046:
4041:
4036:
4031:
4026:
4021:
4016:
4011:
4006:
4001:
3996:
3991:
3986:
3981:
3976:
3971:
3966:
3961:
3956:
3951:
3946:
3941:
3936:
3931:
3925:
3923:
3919:
3918:
3916:
3915:
3914:
3913:
3903:
3897:
3894:
3893:
3882:
3881:
3874:
3867:
3859:
3850:
3849:
3847:
3846:
3835:
3832:
3831:
3829:
3828:
3827:
3826:
3818:
3817:
3816:
3811:
3806:
3801:
3796:
3791:
3783:
3782:
3781:
3776:
3771:
3763:
3762:
3761:
3753:
3748:
3747:
3746:
3741:
3733:
3732:
3731:
3726:
3721:
3713:
3712:
3711:
3706:
3698:
3693:
3692:
3691:
3686:
3681:
3676:
3671:
3666:
3661:
3653:
3652:
3651:
3646:
3638:
3637:
3636:
3631:
3626:
3621:
3616:
3611:
3603:
3602:
3601:
3596:
3591:
3583:
3577:
3574:
3573:
3571:
3570:
3565:
3560:
3555:
3549:
3546:
3545:
3527:
3526:
3519:
3512:
3504:
3495:
3494:
3478:
3475:
3474:
3471:
3470:
3467:
3466:
3461:
3456:
3451:
3446:
3441:
3436:
3431:
3426:
3420:
3419:
3417:
3411:
3410:
3407:
3406:
3401:
3396:
3391:
3386:
3381:
3376:
3371:
3366:
3361:
3355:
3354:
3352:
3342:
3341:
3334:
3333:
3326:
3319:
3311:
3305:
3304:
3288:Olympic Review
3276:
3268:
3264:"Soviet Union"
3260:
3250:
3249:External links
3247:
3244:
3243:
3227:
3190:
3164:
3158:978-0292739574
3157:
3134:
3106:
3088:
3068:
3049:
3028:
3005:
2979:
2964:
2963:
2961:
2958:
2957:
2956:
2951:
2946:
2939:
2936:
2927:Yakov Kutsenko
2911:symbol of the
2901:
2898:
2865:
2862:
2825:
2822:
2818:
2817:
2812:
2809:
2808:
2805:
2802:
2799:
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2735:
2732:
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2717:
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2713:
2710:
2707:
2704:
2692:
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2688:
2685:
2682:
2679:
2667:
2666:
2663:
2660:
2657:
2654:
2642:
2641:
2638:
2635:
2632:
2629:
2617:
2616:
2613:
2610:
2607:
2604:
2602:Figure skating
2592:
2591:
2588:
2585:
2582:
2579:
2567:
2566:
2563:
2560:
2557:
2554:
2542:
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2307:
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2260:
2257:
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2241:
2238:
2235:
2232:
2220:
2219:
2216:
2213:
2210:
2207:
2195:
2194:
2191:
2188:
2185:
2182:
2170:
2169:
2166:
2163:
2160:
2157:
2145:
2144:
2141:
2138:
2135:
2132:
2120:
2119:
2116:
2113:
2110:
2107:
2095:
2094:
2091:
2088:
2085:
2082:
2070:
2069:
2066:
2063:
2060:
2057:
2045:
2044:
2041:
2038:
2035:
2032:
2020:
2019:
2016:
2013:
2010:
2007:
1995:
1994:
1991:
1988:
1985:
1982:
1970:
1969:
1966:
1963:
1960:
1957:
1945:
1944:
1941:
1938:
1935:
1932:
1920:
1919:
1916:
1913:
1910:
1907:
1891:
1889:
1886:
1881:
1877:
1876:
1870:
1869:
1864:
1861:
1858:
1855:
1852:
1848:
1847:
1842:
1837:
1834:
1831:
1828:
1823:
1817:
1816:
1811:
1806:
1803:
1800:
1797:
1792:
1786:
1785:
1780:
1775:
1772:
1769:
1766:
1761:
1755:
1754:
1749:
1744:
1741:
1738:
1735:
1730:
1728:1976 Innsbruck
1724:
1723:
1718:
1713:
1710:
1707:
1704:
1699:
1693:
1692:
1687:
1682:
1679:
1676:
1673:
1668:
1662:
1661:
1656:
1651:
1648:
1645:
1642:
1637:
1635:1964 Innsbruck
1631:
1630:
1625:
1620:
1617:
1614:
1611:
1606:
1600:
1599:
1594:
1589:
1586:
1583:
1580:
1575:
1569:
1568:
1563:
1560:
1557:
1554:
1551:
1548:
1541:
1538:
1536:
1533:
1532:
1527:
1524:
1521:
1518:
1515:
1511:
1510:
1505:
1500:
1497:
1494:
1491:
1486:
1480:
1479:
1474:
1468:
1467:
1462:
1457:
1454:
1451:
1448:
1443:
1437:
1436:
1431:
1426:
1423:
1420:
1417:
1412:
1406:
1405:
1400:
1395:
1392:
1389:
1386:
1381:
1375:
1374:
1369:
1364:
1361:
1358:
1355:
1350:
1344:
1343:
1338:
1333:
1330:
1327:
1324:
1319:
1313:
1312:
1307:
1302:
1299:
1296:
1293:
1288:
1282:
1281:
1276:
1271:
1268:
1265:
1262:
1257:
1255:1956 Melbourne
1251:
1250:
1245:
1240:
1237:
1234:
1231:
1226:
1220:
1219:
1214:
1211:
1208:
1205:
1202:
1199:
1192:
1189:
1184:
1183:
1182:
1169:
1166:
1163:
1162:
1147:
1143:
1142:
1129:
1125:
1124:
1109:
1105:
1104:
1057:
1053:
1052:
1050:
959:
944:
929:
914:
910:
909:
894:
879:
864:
849:
845:
844:
827:
823:
822:
806:
791:
776:
772:
771:
769:
767:
752:
748:
747:
741:Russian Empire
732:
728:
727:
724:
717:
714:
712:
709:
706:
705:
699:
698:, Russian SFSR
693:
687:
686:
685:Winner of bid
683:
680:
673:
670:
667:
666:
663:
660:
657:
654:
645:
639:
638:
635:
632:
629:
626:
623:
613:
610:
473:Following the
450:
449:
237:Russian Empire
227:
226:
222:
221:
219:
218:
213:
208:
203:
198:
193:
188:
183:
178:
172:
169:
168:
164:
163:
161:
160:
155:
150:
145:
140:
135:
130:
125:
120:
115:
109:
106:
105:
101:
100:
99:
98:
95:
92:
89:
86:
83:
80:
77:
72:
62:
61:
56:
50:
49:
46:
40:
39:
34:
26:
25:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6299:
6288:
6285:
6283:
6280:
6279:
6277:
6260:
6250:
6246:
6243:
6233:
6229:
6226:
6216:
6212:
6209:
6199:
6195:
6192:
6182:
6178:
6175:
6165:
6161:
6158:
6148:
6144:
6141:
6131:
6127:
6124:
6114:
6110:
6107:
6097:
6093:
6090:
6080:
6076:
6073:
6063:
6059:
6056:
6046:
6042:
6039:
6029:
6025:
6022:
6012:
6008:
6005:
5995:
5991:
5988:
5978:
5974:
5971:
5961:
5957:
5954:
5944:
5940:
5937:
5927:
5923:
5920:
5910:
5906:
5903:
5893:
5889:
5886:
5885:United States
5876:
5872:
5869:
5859:
5855:
5852:
5842:
5838:
5837:
5833:
5829:
5826:
5823:
5819:
5811:
5806:
5804:
5799:
5797:
5792:
5791:
5788:
5774:
5773:United States
5764:
5760:
5757:
5756:United States
5747:
5743:
5740:
5739:United States
5730:
5726:
5723:
5722:United States
5713:
5709:
5706:
5696:
5692:
5689:
5688:United States
5679:
5675:
5672:
5671:United States
5662:
5658:
5655:
5654:United States
5645:
5641:
5638:
5628:
5624:
5621:
5611:
5607:
5604:
5603:United States
5594:
5590:
5587:
5577:
5573:
5570:
5560:
5556:
5553:
5543:
5539:
5536:
5535:United States
5526:
5522:
5519:
5518:United States
5509:
5505:
5502:
5492:
5488:
5485:
5475:
5471:
5468:
5467:United States
5458:
5454:
5451:
5450:United States
5441:
5437:
5434:
5424:
5420:
5417:
5416:United States
5407:
5403:
5400:
5399:United States
5390:
5386:
5383:
5382:United States
5373:
5369:
5366:
5365:United States
5356:
5352:
5349:
5348:United States
5339:
5335:
5332:
5331:Great Britain
5322:
5318:
5315:
5314:United States
5305:
5301:
5298:
5288:
5284:
5281:
5280:United States
5271:
5267:
5266:
5262:
5258:
5255:
5252:
5248:
5240:
5235:
5233:
5228:
5226:
5221:
5220:
5217:
5207:
5195:
5189:
5186:
5184:
5181:
5179:
5176:
5174:
5171:
5169:
5166:
5164:
5161:
5159:
5156:
5154:
5151:
5149:
5146:
5144:
5141:
5139:
5136:
5134:
5131:
5129:
5126:
5124:
5121:
5119:
5116:
5114:
5111:
5109:
5106:
5104:
5101:
5099:
5096:
5095:
5093:
5089:
5083:
5080:
5078:
5075:
5073:
5070:
5068:
5065:
5063:
5060:
5058:
5055:
5054:
5052:
5048:
5042:
5039:
5037:
5034:
5032:
5029:
5027:
5024:
5022:
5019:
5017:
5014:
5012:
5009:
5007:
5004:
5002:
4999:
4997:
4994:
4992:
4989:
4987:
4984:
4982:
4979:
4977:
4974:
4972:
4969:
4965:
4962:
4961:
4960:
4957:
4955:
4952:
4951:
4949:
4945:
4939:
4936:
4934:
4931:
4929:
4926:
4924:
4921:
4919:
4916:
4914:
4911:
4909:
4906:
4904:
4901:
4899:
4896:
4894:
4891:
4889:
4886:
4884:
4881:
4879:
4876:
4874:
4871:
4869:
4866:
4864:
4861:
4859:
4856:
4854:
4851:
4849:
4846:
4844:
4841:
4839:
4836:
4834:
4831:
4829:
4828:Liechtenstein
4826:
4824:
4821:
4819:
4816:
4814:
4811:
4809:
4806:
4804:
4801:
4799:
4796:
4794:
4791:
4789:
4786:
4784:
4783:Great Britain
4781:
4777:
4774:
4772:
4769:
4768:
4767:
4764:
4762:
4759:
4757:
4754:
4752:
4749:
4747:
4744:
4742:
4739:
4737:
4734:
4732:
4729:
4727:
4724:
4722:
4719:
4717:
4714:
4712:
4709:
4707:
4704:
4702:
4699:
4697:
4694:
4692:
4689:
4687:
4684:
4682:
4679:
4678:
4676:
4672:
4666:
4663:
4661:
4658:
4656:
4653:
4651:
4648:
4646:
4643:
4641:
4638:
4636:
4633:
4631:
4628:
4626:
4623:
4621:
4618:
4616:
4613:
4611:
4608:
4606:
4603:
4601:
4598:
4596:
4593:
4591:
4588:
4586:
4583:
4581:
4578:
4576:
4573:
4571:
4568:
4566:
4563:
4561:
4558:
4556:
4553:
4551:
4548:
4546:
4543:
4541:
4538:
4536:
4533:
4531:
4528:
4526:
4523:
4521:
4518:
4516:
4513:
4511:
4508:
4506:
4503:
4501:
4498:
4496:
4493:
4491:
4488:
4486:
4483:
4481:
4478:
4476:
4473:
4471:
4468:
4466:
4463:
4461:
4458:
4456:
4453:
4451:
4448:
4447:
4445:
4441:
4435:
4432:
4430:
4427:
4425:
4422:
4418:
4415:
4413:
4410:
4409:
4408:
4407:United States
4405:
4403:
4400:
4398:
4395:
4393:
4390:
4388:
4385:
4383:
4380:
4378:
4375:
4373:
4370:
4368:
4365:
4363:
4360:
4358:
4355:
4353:
4350:
4348:
4345:
4343:
4340:
4338:
4335:
4333:
4330:
4328:
4325:
4323:
4320:
4318:
4315:
4313:
4310:
4308:
4305:
4303:
4300:
4298:
4295:
4293:
4290:
4288:
4285:
4283:
4280:
4278:
4275:
4271:
4268:
4266:
4263:
4262:
4261:
4258:
4256:
4253:
4251:
4248:
4246:
4243:
4241:
4238:
4236:
4233:
4231:
4228:
4226:
4223:
4221:
4218:
4216:
4213:
4211:
4208:
4207:
4205:
4201:
4195:
4192:
4190:
4187:
4185:
4182:
4180:
4177:
4175:
4172:
4170:
4167:
4165:
4162:
4160:
4157:
4155:
4152:
4150:
4147:
4145:
4142:
4140:
4137:
4135:
4132:
4130:
4127:
4125:
4122:
4120:
4117:
4115:
4112:
4110:
4107:
4105:
4102:
4100:
4097:
4095:
4092:
4090:
4087:
4085:
4082:
4080:
4077:
4075:
4072:
4070:
4067:
4065:
4062:
4060:
4057:
4055:
4052:
4050:
4047:
4045:
4044:Guinea-Bissau
4042:
4040:
4037:
4035:
4032:
4030:
4027:
4025:
4022:
4020:
4017:
4015:
4012:
4010:
4007:
4005:
4002:
4000:
3997:
3995:
3992:
3990:
3987:
3985:
3982:
3980:
3977:
3975:
3972:
3970:
3967:
3965:
3962:
3960:
3957:
3955:
3952:
3950:
3947:
3945:
3942:
3940:
3937:
3935:
3932:
3930:
3927:
3926:
3924:
3920:
3912:
3909:
3908:
3907:
3904:
3902:
3899:
3898:
3895:
3891:
3890:Olympic Games
3887:
3880:
3875:
3873:
3868:
3866:
3861:
3860:
3857:
3845:
3837:
3836:
3833:
3825:
3822:
3821:
3819:
3815:
3812:
3810:
3807:
3805:
3802:
3800:
3797:
3795:
3792:
3790:
3787:
3786:
3784:
3780:
3777:
3775:
3772:
3770:
3767:
3766:
3764:
3760:
3757:
3756:
3754:
3752:
3749:
3745:
3742:
3740:
3737:
3736:
3734:
3730:
3727:
3725:
3722:
3720:
3717:
3716:
3714:
3710:
3707:
3705:
3702:
3701:
3699:
3697:
3694:
3690:
3687:
3685:
3682:
3680:
3677:
3675:
3672:
3670:
3667:
3665:
3662:
3660:
3657:
3656:
3654:
3650:
3647:
3645:
3642:
3641:
3640:Field hockey
3639:
3635:
3632:
3630:
3627:
3625:
3622:
3620:
3617:
3615:
3612:
3610:
3607:
3606:
3604:
3600:
3597:
3595:
3592:
3590:
3587:
3586:
3584:
3582:
3579:
3578:
3575:
3569:
3566:
3564:
3561:
3559:
3556:
3554:
3551:
3550:
3547:
3543:
3539:
3534:
3525:
3520:
3518:
3513:
3511:
3506:
3505:
3502:
3492:
3487:
3483:
3476:
3465:
3462:
3460:
3457:
3455:
3452:
3450:
3447:
3445:
3442:
3440:
3437:
3435:
3432:
3430:
3427:
3425:
3422:
3421:
3418:
3416:
3412:
3405:
3402:
3397:
3395:
3392:
3390:
3387:
3385:
3382:
3380:
3377:
3375:
3372:
3370:
3367:
3365:
3362:
3360:
3357:
3356:
3353:
3351:
3347:
3343:
3339:
3332:
3327:
3325:
3320:
3318:
3313:
3312:
3309:
3294:
3290:
3289:
3281:
3277:
3273:
3269:
3265:
3261:
3257:
3253:
3252:
3240:
3234:
3232:
3216:
3212:
3208:
3204:
3197:
3195:
3179:
3175:
3168:
3160:
3154:
3150:
3149:
3141:
3139:
3127:
3123:
3116:
3110:
3102:
3098:
3092:
3084:
3083:
3078:
3072:
3064:
3060:
3053:
3038:
3032:
3025:
3024:1-86189-267-5
3021:
3017:
3016:
3009:
3002:
3001:0-674-02326-9
2998:
2994:
2993:
2988:
2983:
2975:
2969:
2965:
2955:
2952:
2950:
2947:
2945:
2942:
2941:
2935:
2932:
2928:
2923:
2920:
2914:
2910:
2906:
2897:
2894:
2889:
2887:
2883:
2879:
2875:
2871:
2861:
2859:
2855:
2851:
2846:
2845:United States
2839:
2835:
2830:
2824:Controversies
2816:
2813:
2806:
2803:
2800:
2797:
2793:
2789:
2786:
2783:
2780:
2778:
2777:Alpine skiing
2768:
2764:
2761:
2758:
2755:
2753:
2743:
2739:
2736:
2733:
2730:
2728:
2718:
2714:
2711:
2708:
2705:
2703:
2693:
2689:
2686:
2683:
2680:
2678:
2668:
2664:
2661:
2658:
2655:
2653:
2643:
2639:
2636:
2633:
2630:
2628:
2618:
2614:
2611:
2608:
2605:
2603:
2593:
2589:
2586:
2583:
2580:
2578:
2577:Speed skating
2568:
2564:
2561:
2558:
2555:
2553:
2543:
2526:
2516:
2509:
2506:
2503:
2500:
2496:
2492:
2489:
2486:
2483:
2481:
2471:
2467:
2464:
2461:
2458:
2456:
2446:
2442:
2439:
2436:
2433:
2431:
2421:
2417:
2414:
2411:
2408:
2406:
2396:
2392:
2389:
2386:
2383:
2381:
2371:
2367:
2364:
2361:
2358:
2356:
2346:
2342:
2339:
2336:
2333:
2331:
2321:
2317:
2314:
2311:
2308:
2306:
2296:
2292:
2289:
2286:
2283:
2281:
2271:
2267:
2264:
2261:
2258:
2256:
2246:
2242:
2239:
2236:
2233:
2231:
2221:
2217:
2214:
2211:
2208:
2206:
2196:
2192:
2189:
2186:
2183:
2181:
2171:
2167:
2164:
2161:
2158:
2156:
2146:
2142:
2139:
2136:
2133:
2131:
2121:
2117:
2114:
2111:
2108:
2106:
2096:
2092:
2089:
2086:
2083:
2081:
2071:
2067:
2064:
2061:
2058:
2056:
2046:
2042:
2039:
2036:
2033:
2031:
2021:
2017:
2014:
2011:
2008:
2006:
2005:Weightlifting
1996:
1992:
1989:
1986:
1983:
1981:
1971:
1967:
1964:
1961:
1958:
1956:
1946:
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1939:
1936:
1933:
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1790:1984 Sarajevo
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1666:1968 Grenoble
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1413:
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1410:1976 Montreal
1407:
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1399:
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1387:
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1241:
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1232:
1230:
1227:
1225:
1224:1952 Helsinki
1221:
1218:
1215:
1212:
1209:
1206:
1203:
1200:
1197:
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1188:
1187:
1181:
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1175:
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1030:
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1000:
984:
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954:
939:
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911:
904:
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874:
859:
847:
846:
843:
838:
825:
824:
821:
819:
807:
801:
792:
786:
777:
774:
773:
762:
750:
749:
742:
730:
729:
722:
721:
711:Participation
703:
700:
697:
694:
692:
689:
688:
684:
681:
678:
677:
664:
661:
658:
655:
653:
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633:
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624:
621:
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609:
607:
603:
599:
595:
590:
588:
583:
581:
577:
573:
569:
565:
561:
560:United States
557:
553:
548:
546:
542:
538:
534:
529:
527:
523:
519:
515:
510:
508:
504:
500:
496:
492:
488:
484:
480:
476:
471:
469:
465:
461:
460:Olympic Games
457:
447:
436:
425:
414:
403:
392:
381:
370:
359:
348:
337:
326:
315:
304:
293:
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74:
73:
67:
63:
60:
57:
55:
51:
47:
45:
41:
37:
32:
27:
20:
6106:Soviet Union
6089:East Germany
6072:Soviet Union
6055:Soviet Union
6038:Soviet Union
6004:Soviet Union
5987:Soviet Union
5970:Soviet Union
5637:Unified Team
5620:Soviet Union
5586:Soviet Union
5569:Soviet Union
5552:Soviet Union
5501:Soviet Union
5484:Soviet Union
5178:Unified Team
5173:West Germany
5168:Soviet Union
5167:
5133:North Borneo
5123:East Germany
4971:Cook Islands
4645:Turkmenistan
4610:Saudi Arabia
4154:South Africa
4144:Sierra Leone
3949:Burkina Faso
3735:Rugby union
3552:
3542:Soviet Union
3479:
3337:
3297:. Retrieved
3286:
3218:. Retrieved
3206:
3183:December 26,
3181:. Retrieved
3177:
3167:
3147:
3126:the original
3121:
3109:
3101:blogs.bu.edu
3100:
3091:
3080:
3071:
3062:
3052:
3040:. Retrieved
3031:
3014:
3008:
2991:
2982:
2968:
2924:
2917:
2890:
2882:doping tests
2867:
2842:
2814:
2480:Field hockey
1896:
1873:
1839:
1821:1988 Calgary
1808:
1777:
1746:
1715:
1697:1972 Sapporo
1684:
1653:
1622:
1591:
1502:
1476:
1459:
1428:
1397:
1366:
1335:
1304:
1273:
1242:
1179:
1168:Medal tables
1097:Turkmenistan
903:Unified Team
837:Soviet Union
836:
829:
808:
652:Russian SFSR
634:Participants
615:
612:Hosted Games
598:Olympic Flag
594:Unified Team
591:
586:
584:
549:
530:
526:discus throw
511:
499:45th session
490:
483:World War II
472:
453:
413:Turkmenistan
281:Unified Team
5825:medal table
5254:medal table
5163:South Yemen
5138:North Yemen
5098:Australasia
5062:Mixed teams
5006:New Zealand
4928:Switzerland
4863:Netherlands
4620:South Korea
4600:Philippines
4580:North Korea
4450:Afghanistan
4377:Puerto Rico
4317:El Salvador
4159:South Sudan
4049:Ivory Coast
3820:Water Polo
3785:Volleyball
3715:Ice hockey
3605:Basketball
3568:Universiade
3563:Deaflympics
3558:Paralympics
3241:. newizv.ru
3220:3 September
3122:www.cia.gov
2838:Yury Vlasov
2727:Ski jumping
1441:1980 Moscow
1379:1972 Munich
809:as part of
580:Los Angeles
437:(2020–2022)
360:(1994–2016)
239:(1900–1912)
6276:Categories
5188:Yugoslavia
5091:Historical
4996:Micronesia
4898:San Marino
4858:Montenegro
4838:Luxembourg
4701:Azerbaijan
4655:Uzbekistan
4635:Tajikistan
4540:Kyrgyzstan
4530:Kazakhstan
4490:East Timor
4460:Bangladesh
4292:Costa Rica
4139:Seychelles
4104:Mozambique
4089:Mauritania
4074:Madagascar
4029:The Gambia
3964:Cape Verde
3696:Gymnastics
3299:2008-03-28
2960:References
2652:Ice hockey
2405:Water polo
2355:Basketball
2230:Equestrian
2205:Volleyball
1930:Gymnastics
1484:1988 Seoul
1317:1964 Tokyo
1172:See also:
1081:Tajikistan
1067:Azerbaijan
1043:Uzbekistan
1013:Kyrgyzstan
999:Kazakhstan
576:1984 Games
402:Tajikistan
391:Azerbaijan
380:Uzbekistan
336:Kyrgyzstan
325:Kazakhstan
70:Ranked 2nd
4959:Australia
4833:Lithuania
4625:Sri Lanka
4615:Singapore
4595:Palestine
4505:Indonesia
4495:Hong Kong
4429:Venezuela
4387:St. Lucia
4357:Nicaragua
4327:Guatemala
4215:Argentina
4094:Mauritius
3755:Speedway
3700:Handball
3655:Football
3581:Badminton
3215:0362-4331
3042:1 January
2836:, led by
2702:Bobsleigh
1980:Wrestling
1955:Athletics
1550:Athletes
1286:1960 Rome
1201:Athletes
1128:2020–2022
1056:1996–2016
888:Lithuania
826:1952–1988
800:Lithuania
775:1924–1936
731:1900–1912
704:, Canada
625:Host city
564:boycotted
487:communism
270:Lithuania
5143:Rhodesia
4986:Kiribati
4913:Slovenia
4908:Slovakia
4883:Portugal
4721:Bulgaria
4640:Thailand
4590:Pakistan
4565:Mongolia
4560:Maldives
4555:Malaysia
4475:Cambodia
4397:Suriname
4367:Paraguay
4342:Honduras
4302:Dominica
4287:Colombia
4230:Barbados
4203:Americas
4194:Zimbabwe
4169:Tanzania
4019:Ethiopia
4014:Eswatini
3994:Djibouti
3989:DR Congo
3959:Cameroon
3944:Botswana
3844:Category
3751:Softball
3553:Olympics
3003:(p. 159)
2989:(2006),
2938:See also
2627:Biathlon
2430:Football
2380:Handball
2130:Swimming
2080:Shooting
2030:Canoeing
702:Montreal
518:Helsinki
44:IOC code
24:Olympics
6191:Germany
6157:Germany
6123:Germany
5433:Germany
5103:Bohemia
5041:Vanuatu
4947:Oceania
4938:Ukraine
4888:Romania
4848:Moldova
4803:Ireland
4798:Iceland
4793:Hungary
4766:Germany
4761:Georgia
4751:Finland
4746:Estonia
4741:Denmark
4726:Croatia
4711:Belgium
4706:Belarus
4696:Austria
4691:Armenia
4686:Andorra
4681:Albania
4660:Vietnam
4570:Myanmar
4550:Lebanon
4455:Bahrain
4424:Uruguay
4347:Jamaica
4322:Grenada
4312:Ecuador
4245:Bolivia
4240:Bermuda
4225:Bahamas
4179:Tunisia
4149:Somalia
4134:Senegal
4119:Nigeria
4109:Namibia
4099:Morocco
4064:Liberia
4059:Lesotho
4009:Eritrea
3979:Comoros
3954:Burundi
3929:Algeria
3765:Tennis
3540:of the
3486:boycott
3026:(p. 19)
2455:Archery
2305:Sailing
2180:Cycling
2055:Fencing
1559:Bronze
1556:Silver
1210:Bronze
1207:Silver
1029:Ukraine
983:Georgia
969:Armenia
953:Belarus
923:Moldova
858:Estonia
818:Romania
761:Estonia
637:Events
631:Nations
600:in the
574:of the
572:boycott
415:(1996–)
404:(1996–)
393:(1996–)
382:(1994–)
371:(1994–)
369:Ukraine
349:(1994–)
347:Moldova
338:(1994–)
327:(1994–)
316:(1994–)
314:Georgia
305:(1994–)
303:Belarus
294:(1994–)
292:Armenia
248:Estonia
6259:Norway
6257:
6242:Norway
6240:
6225:Norway
6223:
6208:Canada
6206:
6189:
6174:Norway
6172:
6155:
6140:Russia
6138:
6121:
6104:
6087:
6070:
6053:
6036:
6021:Norway
6019:
6002:
5985:
5968:
5953:Norway
5951:
5936:Sweden
5934:
5919:Norway
5917:
5902:Norway
5900:
5883:
5868:Norway
5866:
5851:Norway
5849:
5771:
5754:
5737:
5720:
5703:
5686:
5669:
5652:
5635:
5618:
5601:
5584:
5567:
5550:
5533:
5516:
5499:
5482:
5465:
5448:
5431:
5414:
5397:
5380:
5363:
5346:
5329:
5312:
5297:France
5295:
5278:
5036:Tuvalu
4964:Winter
4933:Turkey
4923:Sweden
4903:Serbia
4893:Russia
4878:Poland
4873:Norway
4853:Monaco
4823:Latvia
4818:Kosovo
4808:Israel
4788:Greece
4776:Winter
4771:Summer
4756:France
4731:Cyprus
4674:Europe
4535:Kuwait
4525:Jordan
4470:Brunei
4465:Bhutan
4417:Winter
4412:Summer
4362:Panama
4352:Mexico
4332:Guyana
4270:Winter
4265:Summer
4260:Canada
4250:Brazil
4235:Belize
4189:Zambia
4184:Uganda
4124:Rwanda
4079:Malawi
4039:Guinea
3934:Angola
3922:Africa
3729:M U-18
3724:M U-20
3684:M U-16
3679:M U-18
3674:M U-20
3669:M U-21
3664:M U-23
3585:Bandy
3490:
3291:(84).
3213:
3155:
3115:"Info"
3022:
2999:
2919:Soviet
2864:Doping
2815:
2775:
2750:
2725:
2700:
2675:
2650:
2625:
2600:
2575:
2550:
2537:Bronze
2534:Silver
2478:
2453:
2428:
2403:
2378:
2353:
2330:Diving
2328:
2303:
2278:
2253:
2228:
2203:
2178:
2155:Rowing
2153:
2128:
2105:Boxing
2103:
2078:
2053:
2028:
2003:
1978:
1953:
1928:
1915:Bronze
1912:Silver
1895:
1893:
1874:
1562:Total
1547:Games
1213:Total
1198:Games
1158:
1154:
1146:2024–
1120:
1116:
1099:
1095:
1083:
1079:
1069:
1065:
1045:
1041:
1031:
1027:
1015:
1011:
1001:
997:
985:
981:
971:
967:
955:
951:
940:
938:Russia
936:
925:
921:
905:
901:
890:
886:
875:
873:Latvia
871:
860:
856:
839:
835:
816:
802:
798:
787:
785:Latvia
783:
763:
759:
743:
739:
696:Moscow
648:Moscow
558:. The
556:Moscow
448:(2024)
444:
433:
426:(2018)
422:
411:
400:
389:
378:
367:
358:Russia
356:
345:
334:
323:
312:
301:
290:
283:(1992)
279:
268:
259:Latvia
257:
246:
235:
88:Bronze
82:Silver
66:Medals
5705:China
5067:Korea
5050:Other
5031:Tonga
5021:Samoa
5011:Palau
5001:Nauru
4918:Spain
4843:Malta
4813:Italy
4665:Yemen
4630:Syria
4605:Qatar
4575:Nepal
4520:Japan
4500:India
4480:China
4337:Haiti
4282:Chile
4220:Aruba
4164:Sudan
4114:Niger
4069:Libya
4054:Kenya
4034:Ghana
4024:Gabon
3999:Egypt
3984:Congo
3939:Benin
3814:W-U18
3809:W-U20
3799:M-U19
3794:M-U21
3634:W-U16
3629:W-U19
3619:M-U16
3614:M-U19
3594:M-U19
3283:(PDF)
3129:(PDF)
3118:(PDF)
2540:Total
2528:Sport
2510:1,010
1918:Total
1906:Sport
1851:Total
1553:Gold
1514:Total
1204:Gold
1160:(AIN)
1140:(ROC)
1122:(OAR)
1101:(TKM)
1085:(TJK)
1071:(AZE)
1047:(UZB)
1033:(UKR)
1017:(KGZ)
1003:(KAZ)
987:(GEO)
973:(ARM)
957:(BLR)
942:(RUS)
927:(MDA)
907:(EUN)
892:(LTU)
877:(LAT)
862:(EST)
841:(URS)
804:(LTU)
789:(LAT)
765:(EST)
745:(RU1)
726:Team
679:Games
662:5,179
628:Dates
622:Games
97:1,204
94:Total
6249:2022
6232:2018
6215:2014
6198:2010
6181:2006
6164:2002
6147:1998
6130:1994
6113:1992
6096:1988
6079:1984
6062:1980
6045:1976
6028:1972
6011:1968
5994:1964
5977:1960
5960:1956
5943:1952
5926:1948
5909:1948
5892:1936
5875:1932
5858:1928
5841:1924
5763:2024
5746:2020
5729:2016
5712:2012
5695:2008
5678:2004
5661:2000
5644:1996
5627:1992
5610:1988
5593:1984
5576:1980
5559:1976
5542:1972
5525:1968
5508:1964
5491:1960
5474:1956
5457:1952
5440:1948
5423:1936
5406:1932
5389:1928
5372:1924
5355:1920
5338:1912
5321:1908
5304:1904
5287:1900
5270:1896
5153:Saar
4981:Guam
4976:Fiji
4585:Oman
4545:Laos
4515:Iraq
4510:Iran
4443:Asia
4372:Peru
4297:Cuba
4174:Togo
4084:Mali
3974:Chad
3464:1988
3459:1984
3454:1980
3449:1976
3444:1972
3439:1968
3434:1964
3429:1960
3424:1956
3404:1988
3399:1984
3394:1980
3389:1976
3384:1972
3379:1968
3374:1964
3369:1960
3364:1956
3359:1952
3222:2016
3211:ISSN
3185:2021
3153:ISBN
3044:2024
3020:ISBN
2997:ISBN
2929:and
2913:USSR
2872:, a
2677:Luge
2531:Gold
2255:Judo
1909:Gold
1566:Rank
1526:1010
1217:Rank
1108:2018
913:1994
848:1992
751:1920
723:Date
682:City
665:203
531:The
512:The
454:The
216:1988
211:1984
206:1980
201:1976
196:1972
191:1968
186:1964
181:1960
176:1956
158:1988
153:1984
148:1980
143:1976
138:1972
133:1968
128:1964
123:1960
118:1956
113:1952
76:Gold
2909:NOC
2874:KGB
2854:GDR
2807:194
2507:296
2504:319
2501:395
1993:116
1968:193
1943:184
1863:194
1826:101
1523:296
1520:319
1517:395
1503:132
1489:481
1460:195
1446:489
1429:125
1415:410
1384:373
1353:313
1322:319
1305:103
1291:284
1260:283
1229:295
578:in
554:in
535:in
516:in
495:IOC
435:ROC
91:355
85:376
79:473
54:NOC
48:URS
6278::
6251::
6234::
6217::
6200::
6183::
6166::
6149::
6132::
6115::
6098::
6081::
6064::
6047::
6030::
6013::
5996::
5979::
5962::
5945::
5928::
5911::
5894::
5877::
5860::
5843::
5765::
5748::
5731::
5714::
5697::
5680::
5663::
5646::
5629::
5612::
5595::
5578::
5561::
5544::
5527::
5510::
5493::
5476::
5459::
5442::
5425::
5408::
5391::
5374::
5357::
5340::
5323::
5306::
5289::
5272::
3285:.
3230:^
3209:.
3205:.
3193:^
3176:.
3137:^
3120:.
3099:.
3079:.
3061:.
2860:.
2804:59
2801:57
2798:78
2640:19
2615:24
2606:10
2590:60
2587:19
2584:17
2581:24
2565:68
2562:21
2559:22
2556:25
2368:12
2343:14
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