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SWANLA classified employees based on 'working abilities & health' and then were issued tags to carry, around either their neck or arms. Worker had to show these tags to be allowed outside of
Ovamboland. As no Ovambo or Kavango peoples were allowed to leave Ovamboland unless they were on a labour
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to accommodate a rising demand for labour. SWANLA was a driving force in the creation of opposition political movements, including future liberation movement and ruling party of
Namibia
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Kooy, Marcelle (1973). "The
Contract Labour System and the Ovambo Crisis of 1971 in South West Africa".
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and human rights abuses among those employed in the mines. It was established in 1943 during
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It was established in 1943 from the merger of two pre-existing organisations, the
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34:(SWANLA) was a labour contracting organisation which contracted primarily
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126:"The History of Labour Hire in Namibia: A Lesson for South Africa"
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