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71:, a semi-governmental agency. Any black or indigenous person who lived within the colonial reserves were not allowed outside the boundaries of these reserves unless they signed a 12-18 month fixed labour contract with SWANLA, which offered set wage-rates & conditions with no bargaining allowed. Worker were required to carry around passes with their movement strictly controlled & monitored. Women were barred from signing and as such not allowed outside the reserves.
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section 128 demands that the user enterprises, among others, to offer labour hire employees the same benefits as their own employees. The arguments a mostly centered between the high unemployment rate in
Namibia and the worker's rights, where the government describe labour hire practice as a form of exploitation to the workers much more like during the colonial era.
135:" For these reasons, the prohibition of the economic activity defined by s. 128(1) in its current form is so substantially overbroad that it does not constitute a reasonable restriction on the exercise of the fundamental freedom to carry on any trade or business protected in Article 21(1)(j) of the Constitution and, on that basis alone, the section must be
27:
remains a controversy among the government, unions and labour brokering companies. The ILO categorizes two forms of subcontracting, namely job contracting (where a subcontractor supplies goods or services) and labour-only contracting (the sub-contractor supplies labour only). Most of
Namibia’s labour
143:
The court decision was only a few months after the act was to officially go into effect on March 1, 2009. However, in practice the law was never implemented as its legal power was suspended on
February 27 till the court decision finished. Labour hire has since been partially regulated through the
42:
The workers, known as contractors, field employees, temps, on-hired employees or even just employees, are employed by the labour hire organisation. They are not employed by the company to whom they provide labour. This is an important distinction for the purposes of
Occupational Healthy and Safety
47:
when the Africa Labour
Services (ALS) lodged an application with the court challenging the amendment of the Labour Act 11 of 2007 by the government that prohibited the hiring out and employing of casual workers in Namibia. According to the heads of argument of the applicants, the provisions of
74:
Contract workers then would be leased out by SWANLA to other businesses. Any breaking of the contract, such as quitting or labour organizing, brought criminal sanctions alongside severe disciplinary punishments that could be exercised by the employer. Contract workers also lived in compounds
78:
For contract work under SWANLA, workers were classified into 4 separate grades of physical fitness, and to some extent job experience: Class A, B, C, and . Wages were monthly, with the minimum ranging from 3.75 (for a child) to 8.75
570:"Africa Personnel Services (Pty) Ltd v Government of Republic of Namibia and Others (SA 51/2008) [2009] NASC 17; [2011] 1 BLLR 15 (NmS) ; (2011) 32 ILJ 205 (Nms) (14 December 2009)"
122:
The banning of contract labour stayed until it reemerged in the 1990s inside
Namibia, in the form of todays labour hire system. There have been attempts to re-abolish such as the
94:, SWANLA was dissolved and replaced with several non-governmental contractors. However the conditions and general structure of the contract system remained much the same.
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controlled by their employers. As such, alongside the typically bad working conditions, it's been characterized by many as close to slavery.
43:(OH&S) purposes, in particular who has legislative responsibility for ensuring a safe working environment. This has been tested in court
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Moorsom, Richard (April 1979). "Labour
Consciousness and the 1971–72 Contract Workers Strike in Namibia".
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According to one South
African Journal, contract labour continued until it was banned in 1977 through the
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not allowed outside those reserves unless they had signed fixed labor contracts with labor brokers.
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hire companies fall into the second category as they merely supply labour to their clients.
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which provides some minimal labour protections in the face of the 2007 law being removed.
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RESTRICTIVE LABOUR LEGISLATION IN NAMIBIA AND ITS NEGATIVE EFFECT ON JOB CREATION
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246:"The Contract Labour System and the Ovambo Crisis of 1971 in South West Africa"
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Namibia’s labour movement: Prospects and challenges for 2017 and beyond
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369:"Ovambo migrant workers general strike for rights, Namibia, 1971–72"
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480:"The History of Labour Hire in Namibia: A Lesson for South Africa"
442:"The National Union of Namibian Workers: Background and Formation"
421:
The Strike of Ovambo
Workers in South West Africa and the Churches
227:"The History of Labour Hire in Namibia: A Lesson for South Africa"
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83:(for Class A). For reference, at the time this was $ 5 to $ 10
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The classification used a derogatory term for black children,
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531:"Growing Militancy and Isolation under P.W. Botha since 1978"
35:, with Indigenous people concentrated by the government in
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The labour contract system existed under the control of
615:"Namibian Supreme Court Strikes Down Labour Hire Bill"
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Rogers, Barbara (1972). "Namibia's
General Strike".
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57:Apartheid Era Labour Hire (Contract Labour System)
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104:General Law Amendment Proclamation, AG 5 of 1977
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202:"Namibia's Labour Hire Debate in Perspective"
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106:. This coincided with an escalation of the
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110:from the new South African prime minister
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139:as unconstitutional." (bolding added)
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484:Potchefstroom Electronic Law Journal
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231:Potchefstroom Electronic Law Journal
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497:10.17159/1727-3781/2013/V16I1A2320
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355:10.1111/j.1467-7660.1979.tb00041.x
177:Labour brokering (Southern Africa)
31:Historically it was reinforced by
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373:Global Nonviolent Action Database
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92:1971-72 contract workers strike
90:Later following the end of the
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312:. Namibian Sun. Archived from
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286:. the Namibian. Archived from
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237:
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147:Labour Amendment Act 2 of 2012
1:
529:Jaster, Robert Scott (1989).
478:Botes, Anri (26 April 2017).
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170:
897:. You can help Knowledge by
840:. You can help Knowledge by
284:"Labour hire fight rages on"
7:
757:Major Labour Hire Companies
716:Labour Hire by Jurisdiction
543:10.1007/978-1-349-19601-2_6
418:Hayes, Steve (1971-12-24),
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535:The Defence of White Power
308:WINDHOEK - FRED GOEIEMAN.
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440:Melber, Henning (1983).
118:Re-emergence, Modern Day
108:South African Border War
594:"Labour Act 11 of 2007"
244:Kooy, Marcelle (1973).
182:Labour hire (Australia)
893:-related article is a
836:-related article is a
343:Development and Change
250:African Studies Review
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225:Botes, Anri (2013).
601:Republic of Namibia
125:Namibian Labour Act
944:Economy of Namibia
537:. pp. 79–91.
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623:. Retrieved
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388:Africa Today
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314:the original
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709:Labour hire
619:IndustriALL
507:10394/16064
137:struck down
112:P. W. Botha
45:Labour hire
25:labour hire
938:Categories
625:2023-03-29
579:2023-03-29
427:2023-04-02
394:(2): 3–8.
320:2012-10-09
294:2012-10-09
211:2012-10-09
188:References
171:By country
61:See also:
37:Bantustans
723:Australia
458:0022-278X
270:0002-0206
114:by 1979.
63:Pass laws
33:Pass Laws
796:Randstad
652:Piccanin
154:See also
891:Namibia
801:Recruit
733:Namibia
516:2263142
400:4185227
128:of 2007
98:Banning
52:History
19:Namibia
764:Adecco
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69:SWANLA
889:This
834:labor
832:This
806:Serco
728:Japan
637:Notes
597:(PDF)
396:JSTOR
205:(PDF)
895:stub
838:stub
769:Hays
547:ISBN
512:SSRN
454:ISSN
266:ISSN
81:Rand
539:doi
502:hdl
492:doi
351:doi
258:doi
85:USD
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