58:
431:
Diarissos ruled
Kaniaga at all, whether Diarra was a Kante and what his relationship to the Diarisso dynasty and Soumaoro were, and others. The essential and universal themes are, however, that Soumaoro came from a slave background and that these former slave clans were establishing themselves as political powers as the Ghana empire declined.
430:
Oral histories, not to mention the
Western written histories derived from them, can compress events and people from different periods into single narratives, obscuring the historical facts. Many key questions are unclear today, such as whether Gumana Fade was a governor or a prince, whether the
346:
asserted that
Diarisso dynasty ruled Kaniaga until 1180, when a series of weak-willed and quarrelous brothers brought the kingdom to its knees through civil war until they were overthrown by a mercenary general, Kemoko or Diarra Kante. Basing himself in the city of Susu north of
300:
this became 'Kaniaga'. The term 'Sosso' may come from the word for horse, as the kingdom had a monopoly on the horse trade vis-a-vis its southern neighbors. The capital was also called Sosso or Susu, and a village of that name still exists in Mali, near
417:
led a coalition of smaller states to soundly defeat the Sosso and kill
Soumaoro. Sundiata marched on to the city of Susu itself and destroyed it, marking the kingdom's end. The region was then incorporated into Sundiata's
541:
526:
Conrad, David C. “Oral
Sources on Links between Great States: Sumanguru, Servile Lineage, the Jariso, and Kaniaga.” History in Africa, vol. 11, 1984, pp. 35–55. JSTOR,
202:
177:
497:
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and many subject peoples broke away, including the Sosso. Their leader, Gumana Fade, was either a member of the royal Cisse clan or a provincial governor.
808:
665:
57:
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813:
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823:
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left the region to escape his rule, and religious persecution drove Muslim traders to abandon Koumbi Saleh for
469:
818:
89:
19:
This article is about historic Sosso or Susu state. For modern Susu or
Soussou ethnic group in Guinea, see
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who likely served as the king's bureaucracy and army governing the province/vassal state of
Kaniaga.
675:
447:
Conrad, David C. (2005). "Mali Empire, Sundiata and
Origins of". In Shillington, Kevin (ed.).
367:
Under
Soumaoro's (or Soumangourou's) rule, the Sosso empire reached its zenith. He forced the
28:
777:
731:
542:"The Conquest That Never Was: Ghana and the Almoravids, 1076. II. The Local Oral Sources*"
8:
655:
680:
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to pay him tribute, an event that
Delafosse dates to approximately 1203. He conquered
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468:(1976). "The early states of the Western Sudan to 1500". In Ajayi, A.J. (ed.).
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Soumaoro is remembered in Mande oral histories as a cruel, harsh leader. Many
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before breaking away and conquering their former overlords. Inhabited by the
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332:, the power of Ghana waned as that of the "veiled people" grew through the
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498:"Point d'Histoire du Mali: Le Royaume de Sosso ou Khaniaga des Soninké"
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474:(2nd. ed.). New York: Columbia University Press. p. 124
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296:. They therefore referred to it as 'Kenieka', meaning north. In
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Levtzion, Nehemia; Hopkins, John F. P. eds. and trans. (2000),
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succeeded him as king in the late 12th or early 13th century.
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570:. Vol. II (Illustrated, revised ed.). Facts On File.
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chieftaincies to the south, where the important goldfields of
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355:-inhabited southern provinces of Ghana. Diarra Kante's son
220:
351:, he unified the Kaniaga region and began to dominate the
609:. London, England: Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 93, 101.
336:movement. In 1054 they captured the royal seat of
317:The Sosso originated as a group of slaves of the
795:
580:
451:. New York: Fitzroy Dearborn. pp. 918–919.
583:Corpus of Early Arabic Sources for West Africa
566:Page, Willie F. (2005). Davis, R. Hunt (ed.).
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402:. He beheaded Muslim kings who opposed him.
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568:Encyclopedia of African History and Culture
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62:Map of successor states to the Ghana Empire
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520:
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260:, it was centered in the region south of
540:Conrad, David; Fisher, Humphrey (2014).
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268:. The empire peaked under the reign of
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552:. Cambridge University Press: 53–78.
23:. For Susu or Soussou language, see
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248:that originated as a vassal of the
16:12th century kingdom in West Africa
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14:
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272:, who was defeated by the rising
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809:Political history of Mauritania
585:, New York, NY: Marcus Weiner,
528:https://doi.org/10.2307/3171626
496:Fofana, Moussa (31 July 2007).
449:Encyclopedia of African History
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1:
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256:ancestors of the modern-day
90:African traditional religion
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804:Political history of Guinea
605:Shillington, Kevin (2012).
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754:KeĂŻta! l'HĂ©ritage du griot
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814:Political history of Mali
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824:Former empires in Africa
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471:History of West Africa
27:. For other uses, see
76:Common languages
29:Susu (disambiguation)
778:Djibril Tamsir Niane
732:Twelve Doors of Mali
819:Kingdoms of Senegal
676:Naré Maghann Konaté
292:, heartland of the
240:, or alternatively
232:, also written as
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761:Age of Empires II
696:Tiramakhan Traore
607:History of Africa
592:978-1-55876-241-1
546:History in Africa
466:Levtzion, Nehemia
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244:, was kingdom of
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409:(c. 1235) the
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363:Soumaoro Kante
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505:. Retrieved
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476:. Retrieved
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323:Ghana Empire
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258:Sosso people
250:Ghana Empire
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230:Sosso Empire
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183:Ghana Empire
165:Succeeded by
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38:Sosso Empire
640:Mali Empire
426:Historicity
420:Mali Empire
330:Ibn Khaldun
274:Mali Empire
246:West Africa
196:Mali Empire
160:Preceded by
21:Susu people
798:Categories
737:Sosso Bala
671:Mande Bori
649:Characters
435:References
338:Aoudaghost
319:Kaya Magha
266:Beledougou
125:Almoravids
121:Aoudaghost
96:Government
71:Susu/Sosso
502:Soninkara
334:Almoravid
284:Etymology
86:Religion
746:In media
411:Mandinka
381:Mandinka
100:Monarchy
413:prince
405:At the
400:Oualata
377:Gajaaga
353:Soninke
321:of the
313:History
305:in the
298:Soninke
262:Wagadou
254:Soninke
242:Kaniaga
136:•
123:to the
80:Soninke
68:Capital
41:Kaniaga
705:Topics
666:Fakoli
589:
396:Djenne
373:Diarra
349:Bamako
783:Griot
369:Ghana
303:Boron
47:1054–
587:ISBN
509:2023
480:2023
398:and
385:Bure
375:and
238:Susu
234:Soso
228:The
221:Mali
146:1235
130:1054
51:1235
309:.
276:of
236:or
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517:^
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488:^
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144:c.
49:c.
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31:.
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