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256:(CRT) was still a vacuum tube. It meant only the chassis was 100% solid-state, not including the CRT. Early advertisements spelled out this distinction, but later advertisements assumed the audience had already been educated about it and shortened it to just "100% solid state".
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The replacement of bulky, fragile, energy-hungry vacuum tubes by transistors in the 1960s and 1970s created a revolution not just in technology but in people's habits, making possible the first truly portable
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became popular at the beginning of the semiconductor era in the 1960s to distinguish this new technology. A semiconductor device works by controlling an electric current consisting of
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73:(ICs). The term is also used as an adjective for devices in which semiconductor electronics that have no moving parts replace devices with moving parts, such as the
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193:, which became available mid-1956. In 1961, a company named Transis-tronics released a solid-state amplifier, the TEC S-15.
42:. This is called a solid-state circuit because all of the electrical activity in the circuit occurs within solid materials.
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in 1947, could also amplify, and replaced vacuum tubes. The first transistor hi-fi system was developed by engineers at
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manufacturers switched from vacuum tubes to semiconductors, and advertised sets as "100% solid state" even though the
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in 1955. In terms of commercial production, The Fisher TR-1 was the first "all transistor"
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in which transistor switches are used in place of a moving-arm electromechanical
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invented around 1904, solid-state electronics started with the invention of the
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Sorab K. Ghandhi; Vernon Mathis; Edward
Keonjian; Richard Shea; et al. (1957)
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Campardo, Giovanni; Tiziani, Federico; Iaculo, Massimo (2011).
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382:"Why the expression "solid state" instead of simply "solid"?"
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225:. Other examples of solid state electronic devices are the
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it replaced worked by controlling a current of electrons or
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Murty, B.S.; Shankar, P.; Raj, Baldev; et al. (2013).
324:. Springer Science and Business Media. pp. 108–109.
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Although the first solid-state electronic device was the
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412:"What does solid-state mean in relation to electronics?"
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The information age : economy, society and culture
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355:. Springer Science and Business Media. pp. 5–6.
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in 1947. Before that, all electronic equipment used
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508:Solid-State Electronic Devices: An Introduction
352:Solid-State Electronic Devices: An Introduction
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499:
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646:"Handbook of Solid-State Lighting and LEDs"
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117:moving within a solid crystalline piece of
321:Textbook of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology
260:can be said to be truly 100% solid-state.
562:The World's First Transistor Hi-Fi System
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27:Electronics with semiconductor components
239:charge coupled device (CCD) image sensor
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97:, which store data on a rotating disk.
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452:. Encyclopaedia Britannica Inc. 2017.
380:Vaughan, Francis (February 22, 2012).
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426:from the original on December 7, 2017
392:from the original on December 7, 2017
155:, because vacuum tubes were the only
625:"RCA advertisement in Life magazine"
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456:from the original on August 1, 2017
300:Power management integrated circuit
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136:in a vacuum within a sealed tube.
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248:Also during the 1960s and 1970s,
217:, as well as the first practical
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338:from the original on 2017-12-29.
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600:"1975 Sears Christmas Wishbook"
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450:Encyclopaedia Britannica online
349:Papadopoulos, Christo (2013).
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386:StraightDope message board
187:University of Philadelphia
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574:High Fidelity, March 1956
528:Manuel, Castells (1996).
587:Audio Magazine, Aug 1961
270:Condensed matter physics
185:and demonstrated at the
686:Solid state engineering
420:InfoSpace Holdings LLC.
47:Solid-state electronics
171:Walter Houser Brattain
141:cat's whisker detector
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532:. Oxford: Blackwell.
241:used in cameras, and
157:electronic components
59:semiconductor devices
40:printed circuit board
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650:Taylor & Francis
505:Papadopoulos (2013)
446:"Solid state device"
285:Semiconductor device
207:cassette tape player
199:consumer electronics
173:while working under
87:semiconductor memory
55:electronic equipment
606:. 1975. p. 378
478:Memory Mass Storage
295:Solid-state physics
243:semiconductor laser
145:semiconductor diode
71:integrated circuits
513:2017-12-29 at the
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36:integrated circuit
18:Solid-state device
280:Materials science
179:Bell Laboratories
121:material such as
83:solid-state drive
75:solid-state relay
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203:transistor radio
175:William Shockley
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85:(SSD) a type of
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654:. Retrieved
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627:. 1971-10-30
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258:LED displays
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215:quartz watch
201:such as the
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191:preamplifier
167:John Bardeen
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153:vacuum tubes
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130:vacuum tubes
125:, while the
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676:Electronics
460:December 5,
430:December 5,
396:December 5,
275:Laser diode
159:that could
107:solid-state
93:to replace
63:transistors
670:Categories
656:2023-12-07
631:2023-12-07
610:2023-12-07
306:References
290:Solar cell
235:solar cell
149:transistor
143:, a crude
127:thermionic
38:(IC) on a
219:computers
111:electrons
105:The term
91:computers
81:, or the
57:that use
548:43092627
511:Archived
493:Archived
454:Archived
424:Archived
390:Archived
367:Archived
336:Archived
264:See also
89:used in
61:such as
589:, p. 44
162:amplify
123:silicon
101:History
652:. 2017
576:, p. 9
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536:
485:
422:2017.
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328:
233:lamp,
229:chip,
67:diodes
604:Sears
115:holes
79:relay
544:OCLC
534:ISBN
483:ISBN
462:2017
432:2017
398:2017
357:ISBN
326:ISBN
221:and
213:and
169:and
134:ions
69:and
49:are
231:LED
177:at
113:or
34:An
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20:)
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