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Mainly made up of amateurs and local notables, these societies preferred the less ambitious term 'Société d'émulation' to the more scholarly and official title of 'Académie', partly since 'Société d'émulation' indicated their attachment to more limited research within the borders of their society's
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wishing to study together in the arts, science and letters and often to publish the results of their reflections and their works in a bulletin, review or Acts. They were also social and creative organisations formed of a province's cultural elites. The 19th century was the golden age of Sociétés
200:, « Les sociétés savantes : vulgarisation du savoir ou renouvellement scientifique ? » (p. 3-4) et Régis Bertrand, « Sociétés savantes et recherche historique aujourd'hui ». (p. 17-19).
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region. Their ambitions were not as universal as the academies, but their publications and works remain a mine of documentary evidence and very rich accounts of subjects often neglected by the more scholarly academies.
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P. Leuilliot, « Histoire locale et politique de l’histoire », Annales, Économies, Sociétés, Civilisations, 29 année, 1974, p. 139-150.
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Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article.
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d'émulation and some of them, with their social aspects and particular costumes, have survived up to the present day.
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Sociabilité et érudition des sociétés savantes en France, XIX-XX s.
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Bibliographie des sociétés savantes de la France, Première partie
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