25:
122:
257:
Remote reading gauges, such as used by weather stations, work similarly to rain gauges. They have a large catch area (such as a drum sawn in half, top to bottom) which collects snow until a given weight is collected. When this critical weight is reached, it tips and empties the snow catch. This
236:
If the wind is very strong and a blizzard occurs, then extra snow may be blown into the gauge, and the amount of snow fallen will be over-reported. In this case the observer must judge how much of the water is from snow blown into the container and how much is fallen snow.
186:
container; and the funnel-shaped gauge itself. The actual gauge is mounted on a pipe outdoors and is approximately 1.5 m (150 cm; 59 in; 4 ft 11 in) in height, while the container is 51.5 cm (20.3 in; 1 ft 8.3 in) in length.
258:
dumping trips a switch, sending a signal. The collection then repeats. If the catch container has a heater in it, it measures the snow weight accurately. It is also possible to tip based on volume instead of weight, with appropriate fill sensing.
232:
when conditions are windy. If the wind is strong enough, then the snow may be blown across the wind gauge, and the amount of snow fallen will be under-reported. However, due to the shape and size of the funnel, this is a minor problem.
199:
is collected, the container is removed and replaced with a spare one. The snow is then melted while it is still in the container, and then poured into a glass measuring graduate. While the depth of snow is normally measured in
215:
An estimate of the snow depth can be obtained by multiplying the water equivalent by a factor of 10. This multiplier can vary over a wide range, however, with many citing a range from 5 to 30, while the
171:. The book discusses the use of large conical or barrel-shaped snow gauges made from bamboo situated in mountain passes and uplands, which are speculated to be first referenced to snow measurement.
278:. The manometer reading will vary based on how much snow is sitting on the pillow. This type of sensor works well for many locations but is more difficult to use in areas of hard blowing snow.
220:
has quoted a range as wide as from 3 to 100. Any proposed factor depends on the water content of the snow (how "dry" it is), so this at best provides only a rough estimate of snow depth.
633:
244:
fall before the observer has time to change the gauge. In all of these cases the observer must judge how much of the water is snow and how much is rain.
366:
359:
167:
89:
643:
328:
303:
61:
352:
217:
108:
68:
376:
46:
75:
344:
270:
looks like a round bag lying on the ground. Inside the pillow is a liquid such as an environmentally safe
628:
142:
42:
57:
517:
457:
35:
497:
157:
The first use of snow gauges were precipitation gauges that was widely used in 1247 during the
165:
records the use of gathering rain and snowfall measurements in the Song mathematical treatise
205:
158:
422:
8:
467:
321:
Encyclopaedia of the
History of Science, Technology, and Medicine in Non-Western Cultures
82:
557:
547:
412:
324:
299:
597:
542:
447:
577:
572:
537:
482:
407:
183:
638:
622:
602:
587:
492:
134:
374:
592:
582:
472:
161:
to gather meteorological data. The Song
Chinese mathematician and inventor
562:
552:
532:
522:
487:
432:
267:
209:
201:
162:
138:
567:
507:
502:
477:
452:
442:
417:
387:
271:
229:
146:
298:. Cambridge University Press (published April 14, 2011). p. 140.
437:
402:
397:
392:
275:
24:
607:
323:(2nd ed.). Springer (published April 16, 2008). p. 736.
427:
180:
527:
462:
121:
228:
The snow gauge suffers from the same problem as that of the
145:(as opposed to liquid precipitation, which is measured by a
241:
196:
296:
49:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
274:. Usually the snow pillow will be connected to a
620:
360:
634:Meteorological instrumentation and equipment
377:meteorological equipment and instrumentation
293:
367:
353:
240:Another problem occurs when both snow and
141:to gather and measure the amount of solid
109:Learn how and when to remove this message
190:
179:The snow gauge consists of two parts: a
120:
621:
168:Mathematical Treatise in Nine Sections
348:
318:
247:
47:adding citations to reliable sources
18:
13:
204:, the measurement of melted snow (
14:
655:
340:
218:National Snow and Ice Data Center
16:Instrument for measuring snowfall
133:is a type of instrument used by
23:
34:needs additional citations for
312:
287:
261:
174:
1:
281:
266:Another snow sensor called a
149:) over a set period of time.
252:
7:
10:
660:
152:
644:Hydrology instrumentation
383:
294:Strangeways, Ian (2011).
223:
458:Ice accretion indicator
319:Selin, Helaine (2008).
498:Present weather sensor
126:
191:Measurement procedure
159:Southern Song dynasty
124:
423:Dark adaptor goggles
43:improve this article
629:Chinese inventions
468:Lightning detector
127:
616:
615:
558:Thermo-hygrograph
548:Sunshine recorder
413:Ceiling projector
248:Other snow gauges
119:
118:
111:
93:
651:
598:Whole sky camera
543:Stevenson screen
448:Heat flux sensor
369:
362:
355:
346:
345:
335:
334:
316:
310:
309:
291:
206:water equivalent
114:
107:
103:
100:
94:
92:
51:
27:
19:
659:
658:
654:
653:
652:
650:
649:
648:
619:
618:
617:
612:
578:Weather balloon
573:Transmissometer
538:Sounding rocket
483:Pan evaporation
408:Ceiling balloon
379:
373:
343:
338:
331:
317:
313:
306:
292:
288:
284:
264:
255:
250:
226:
193:
177:
155:
115:
104:
98:
95:
52:
50:
40:
28:
17:
12:
11:
5:
657:
647:
646:
641:
636:
631:
614:
613:
611:
610:
605:
600:
595:
590:
585:
580:
575:
570:
565:
560:
555:
550:
545:
540:
535:
530:
525:
520:
515:
510:
505:
500:
495:
490:
485:
480:
475:
470:
465:
460:
455:
450:
445:
440:
435:
430:
425:
420:
415:
410:
405:
400:
395:
390:
384:
381:
380:
372:
371:
364:
357:
349:
342:
341:External links
339:
337:
336:
330:978-1402045592
329:
311:
305:978-0521172929
304:
285:
283:
280:
263:
260:
254:
251:
249:
246:
225:
222:
192:
189:
176:
173:
154:
151:
135:meteorologists
117:
116:
31:
29:
22:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
656:
645:
642:
640:
637:
635:
632:
630:
627:
626:
624:
609:
606:
604:
603:Wind profiler
601:
599:
596:
594:
591:
589:
588:Weather radar
586:
584:
581:
579:
576:
574:
571:
569:
566:
564:
561:
559:
556:
554:
551:
549:
546:
544:
541:
539:
536:
534:
531:
529:
526:
524:
521:
519:
516:
514:
511:
509:
506:
504:
501:
499:
496:
494:
493:Pyrheliometer
491:
489:
486:
484:
481:
479:
476:
474:
471:
469:
466:
464:
461:
459:
456:
454:
451:
449:
446:
444:
441:
439:
436:
434:
431:
429:
426:
424:
421:
419:
416:
414:
411:
409:
406:
404:
401:
399:
396:
394:
391:
389:
386:
385:
382:
378:
370:
365:
363:
358:
356:
351:
350:
347:
332:
326:
322:
315:
307:
301:
297:
290:
286:
279:
277:
273:
269:
259:
245:
243:
238:
234:
231:
221:
219:
213:
211:
207:
203:
198:
188:
185:
182:
172:
170:
169:
164:
160:
150:
148:
144:
143:precipitation
140:
136:
132:
123:
113:
110:
102:
99:December 2009
91:
88:
84:
81:
77:
74:
70:
67:
63:
60: –
59:
55:
54:Find sources:
48:
44:
38:
37:
32:This article
30:
26:
21:
20:
593:Weather vane
583:Weather buoy
512:
473:Nephelometer
375:Earth-based
320:
314:
295:
289:
265:
256:
239:
235:
227:
214:
194:
178:
166:
156:
139:hydrologists
130:
128:
125:A snow gauge
105:
96:
86:
79:
72:
65:
58:"Snow gauge"
53:
41:Please help
36:verification
33:
563:Thermometer
553:Tethersonde
533:Solarimeter
523:Snow pillow
488:Pyranometer
433:Disdrometer
268:snow pillow
262:Snow pillow
210:millimetres
202:centimetres
175:Description
163:Qin Jiushao
623:Categories
568:Tide gauge
513:Snow gauge
508:Rain gauge
503:Radiosonde
478:Nephoscope
453:Hygrometer
443:Field mill
418:Ceilometer
388:Anemometer
282:References
272:antifreeze
230:rain gauge
147:rain gauge
131:snow gauge
69:newspapers
518:Snowboard
438:Dropsonde
403:Barometer
398:Barograph
393:Atmometer
276:manometer
253:Automated
184:catchment
608:Windsock
208:) is in
428:Dewcell
153:History
83:scholar
327:
302:
224:Issues
181:copper
85:
78:
71:
64:
56:
528:SODAR
463:Lidar
195:When
90:JSTOR
76:books
639:Snow
325:ISBN
300:ISBN
242:rain
197:snow
137:and
62:news
45:by
625::
212:.
129:A
368:e
361:t
354:v
333:.
308:.
112:)
106:(
101:)
97:(
87:·
80:·
73:·
66:·
39:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.