416:, whose head had been cut off and kicked around by the warriors. Shortly thereafter Girty and Chief Pipe led them to a fire pit where Girty ordered Colonel Crawford to be stripped naked at the fire and beaten with sticks and fists as he was tied to hickory poles six to seven yards from the fire. Next, Girty ordered burning logs to be placed on Crawford's skin, followed by ordering the warriors to cut off his ears. In a plea for death amidst the extreme torture, Crawford yelled at Girty to shoot him – to which Girty rejected and "laughed heartily and by all gestures seemed delighted at the horrid scene," stating he did not have a gun. Girty then was observed by Knight to order the warriors to shoot Crawford with only powder shots, which caused the flesh to burn. After over 70 blanks were shot at Crawford, he finally succumbed to death over two hours later. Girty then scalped Crawford and continuously placed his scalp in Knight’s face and mouth, saying, "That was my great captain." Girty expressed to Knight that "He swore to by God, I need not expect to escape death, but should suffer it in all its extremities."
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indiscriminate massacre if they refused. Colonel David
Shepard refused the request, and within several hours Girty alongside a large body of Indians made an instant tremendous rush upon the fort." Girty's attempt to force open the gates failed, and he ordered his men to fire upon the port holes. The attack lasted nearly two days, where Girty ordered all the cattle be killed as they fled, upon reinforcements from Colonel Andrew Swearengen from Holliday's Fort (twenty-four miles north). The attack resulted in forty to fifty of Girty's men killed and none killed or wounded inside Fort Henry.
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profoundly negative manner." Philip W. Hoffman's 2009 biography claims that newspapers of the era sensationalized the incident. Hoffman makes no mention of Girty directing the torture and killing of
Crawford and notes that Girty had a history of consistently acting on behalf of white prisoners who were threatened by torture and death.
210:“The said trespassers had likewise given bonds in the sum of five hundred penalty to remove immediately with all their servants, cattle and effects, and had delivered possession of their homes to Mr. George Stevenson for the proprietor's use, and that Mr. Stevenson had ordered some of the meanest of the cabins set on fire.”
453:. Girty's conduct was described by a veteran of the battle to be "the unusual scene of torturing the wounded and prisoners following the defeat." Girty's character was also described in this battle to be the "most discouraging stroke to that infant settlement." Both Todd and Boone were in Lord Dunmore's War in 1774.
290:, and his name does not appear on the list of veterans. Shortly before departing back to Pennsylvania, in the presence of Major William Crawford, Girty attempted to receive compensation from Colonel Lewis for delivering the letter on behalf of Lord Dunmore. Colonel Lewis refused, and ordered him out of his tent.
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in Lord
Dunmore's War in 1774. Nervous about his personal safety, Dunmore stopped at Fort Pitt instead of meeting Colonel Andrew Lewis. There he commissioned two men to deliver a correspondence to Colonel Lewis: the first man was local British loyalist-Indian interpreter and trader Simon Girty, whom
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and an Indian interpreter to consult with magistrates at
Carlisle and have the trespassers removed. In 1748, Pennsylvania sent Conrad Weiser to Logstown, a council and trade village on the Ohio River. Here he held council with chiefs representing 10 tribes, including the Lenape, Shawnee, and the six
407:
There has been controversy around the details of
Crawford's torture and murder. According to some accounts, Girty lied and informed Crawford that he would do his best to see to the release of Crawford and five other prisoners still living. Initially, Girty acted as though Crawford could be released
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demanded that the Ohio
Indians return all captives, including those not yet returned from the French and Indian War. Chief Guyasuta and other native leaders reluctantly handed over more than 200 captives, many of whom had been adopted into native families. On November 14, 1764, Simon Girty returned
533:
Modern historical accounts of Simon Girty (largely from
Canadian biographers) falsely portray Girty as a servant of the world who rose up against the tyrannical Colonial government for a higher cause. Such accounts include "Simon Girty: Wilderness Warrior" by Edward Butts (2011), "Simon Girty: His
428:
Early in August 1782 a grand council was convened, being led by "white murderers Col
Alexander McKee and Simon Girty." The council summoned warriors from the Cherokee, Wyandott, Ottawa, Pottawatomie, Shawnee, Mingo and others. Simon Girty was the elected chief of the Mingo tribe. It was after his
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After the Battle of Point
Pleasant ended, and Major Crawford returned to Fort Pitt, Girty attempted to marry Crawford's daughter and frequented Crawford's residence multiple times. Crawford rejected the proposal, and shortly thereafter, Girty deserted his post at Fort Pitt, perhaps in part due to
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20th-century historians have noted potential bias in this account. Daniel Barr's 1998 scholarly paper states that Hugh Henry
Breckinridge, a frontier author, made "subtle alterations" to eyewitness statements which had the effect of presenting both the Indians and Simon Girty in particular "in a
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The magistrate reported that the trespassers had been at Sherman’s creek about six miles over the mountain, and found there James Parker, Thomas Parker, Owen McKeil, John McClare, Richard Kirkpatrick, James Murray, John Scott, Henry Glass, John Cowan, Simon Girtee, and John Kilgore, all who had
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Girty was also referred to as Katepacomen, which was reputed to be an Indian name, but may simply have been an American invention, as was often the case with early historical anecdotes, since no such name or term appears to exist in the most likely native languages: Shawnee, Wyandot, Lenape or
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and Matthew Elliot, were now considered outlaws and traitors to the United States. Immediately before or after publication of the arrest warrants, McKee and Elliot left Pennsylvania for the Six Nations. Pennsylvania placed a $ 800 bounty on Simon Girty's head for inciting murder against fellow
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nations of the Iroquois. Threatened by this development and the continued activity of British traders in the Ohio Valley, the French redoubled their diplomatic efforts, however in 1750, when Weiser traveled again to Onondaga, he found that the political dynamics in the Six Nations had shifted.
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on September 1, 1777, when "Girty presented himself at the window of a cabin, holding forth a white flag and offering a condition of peace. He read Hamilton's proclamation, and in a stentorian voice demanded the surrender of Fort Henry, offering protection if they complied, but immediate and
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to the British after a prisoner exchange, and resurfaced near Fort Pitt. Simon Girty was fluent in the Algonquian language dialects, but due to his full immersion and upbringing in the native tribal culture, he was unable to read and write in English upon his return.
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against Girty and the Delaware Indians of the Wingenim tribe. Colonel Crawford's surgeon, Dr. John Knight, was also captured. Dr. Knight, in letters and testimony before the Continental Congress, detailed conversations he had with Crawford before he died.
286:. Upon returning back to Fort Pitt, Girty accompanied Dunmore briefly to Fort Gowen. This period, which lasted less than one year, was the only period in which Girty was officially employed in the militia. Girty saw no combat, he did not participate in the
771:). Thirty years earlier, in the Anglos' struggle with the Mexicans for Texas, Day was charged with and convicted of being a renegade and a traitor, guilty of the deaths of many Americans—like Girty. Like Girty, Day grows old and feeble—at least by the
488:
By 1794, Simon Girty was reported to live "up in the rapids" in the Michigan region, commanding a Miami Indian tribe along with several whites. At the time Girty was publicly proclaiming it was he who had scalped and killed Captain Gibson.
465:. The men marched in "regular file," beating a drum while ordering the surrender of the fort, which also included fifty loyalists. The second siege of Fort Henry is referred to as the last battle of the American Revolutionary War.
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Three years after Girtee was killed, his wife Mary married John Turner, Girtee's half-brother. She and her young sons, who were uneducated, did not know how to spell and listed the spelling of their name phonetically as "Girty".
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as a gesture of comradery. However, upon a full inspection of the Wingenim tribal village, Knight recalled seeing four prisoners scalped and dead laying on the ground. Knight recalled the identity of one killed prisoner,
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In December 1750, after being forcefully relocated to the Conococheague settlement, Girtee and Samuel Sanders (or Saunders) in what historical accounts refer to as a "drunken braw" fought which ended with Girtee's death.
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By late 1777, Girty was involved in attacking American settlements along the Ohio River. He was reported to be serving as a guide and interpreter for a band of some 300 Indians, with arms and ammunition furnished by
577:
371:, leading a large band of Indian warriors, ambushed a peaceful convoy of provisions which had been procured by American states from the Spanish in New Orleans. Girty's forces ambushed the convoy near
134:(November 14, 1741 – February 18, 1818) was an American, Pennsylvania-born frontiersman. As a child he and his brothers James and George were captured and adopted by Native Americans. During the
1860:
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History of the early settlement and Indian wars of Western Virginia : embracing an account of the various expeditions in the West previous to 1795 ; also, biographical sketches
1880:
696:" and in the 1941 movie of the same title. In that story, he is described as "the renegade, who saw white men burned at the stake and whooped with the Indians to see them burn".
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233:. Girty's mother and step-father were scalped and murdered by the war band, and Simon Girty was transferred to the Seneca tribe, where at the age of 15 he underwent his
409:
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On February 22, 1779 - March 1779, Simon Girty accompanied British Captain Bird and warriors of the Wyandot, Mingo, Munsee, and Delaware in the siege to Fort Laurens.
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settled lands and erected cabins or log houses there; and having convicted them of trespassing had them give bonds to appear at court to answer for their trespasses.
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952:
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Popular myths account for three people who claimed they were Simon Girty. One Simon Girty fled to Canada; one Simon Girty was said to have been killed with
146:, serving as a guide and interpreter with indigenous warriors who fought against American troops. He played a similar role during the Northwest Indian War.
1875:
937:
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met its culmination, white settlers were illegally trespassing on Six Nations land and erecting homes, fences and other structures, the government sent
1845:
714:(1969). This novel portrays one of Crawford's young volunteer soldiers' reprieve from Indian capture and his subsequent adventures in Girty's custody.
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growing hostilities between the Colonials and the Tories. In 1775 or 1776, Girty's application for service in the Eighth Regiment of the Pennsylvania
1817:
1159:
HISTORY OF THE EARLY SETTLEMENT AND INDIAN WARS OF WESTERN VIRGINIA; EMBRACING AN ACCOUNT OF THE VARIOUS EXPEDITIONS IN THE WEST, PREVIOUS TO 1795
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features Simon Girty as a turncoat and villain in several of his "Young Trailer Series" of eight juvenile fiction books, published from 1907–1911.
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1577:
257:, Mingo and Seneca region tribes for seven years. He was returned to the British in November 1764, during a prisoner exchange after the end of
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On August 19, 1782, Simon Girty, under the command of William Caldwell, along with about 300 Shawnee natives and British Canadians, attacked
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speech that Major Caldwell, the British Commandant at Detroit, invited Girty to further assist the British cause against the Americans.
1885:
203:, always pro-British, had died. Some Iroquois tribes were leaning toward the French, although the Mohawk remained loyal to the Crown.
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525:. Girty's son was killed in that conflict, reportedly while trying to rescue a wounded British officer from the battlefield.
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At the beginning of Episode 12, Season 2, airing December 12, 1966, "The Night of the Man Eating House", of the CBS TV show
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His choosing to fight on the side of the Native Americans is the inspiration for the 2002 song "Simon Girty's Decision" by
399:. On June 11, 1782, Girty's former commander, Colonel William Crawford, surrendered after a three week battle known as the
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and portrayed as a French/Cherokee renegade, working with a fictional Shawnee chief against Daniel Boone in the 1956 film
91:
63:
1855:
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261:, but upon going back to Pennsylvania he immediately returned to his former tribe, who had to convince him to leave.
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After the American Revolutionary War, Girty was involved in resistance to American westward expansion. During the
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On September 11, 1782, George Girty commanded a band of 150 Shawnee warriors under Simon Girty's direction in an
1367:"Richmond (Virginia) We hear official accounts from the government on the late unfortunate affair near Licking"
48:
1811:
1585:
Brown, Parker B. (January 1987), "The Historical Accuracy of the Captivity Narrative of Doctor John Knight",
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175:, was listed as a licensed Indian trader in 1740 and arrived in Pennsylvania sometime in the 1730s from
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936:
Cite error: The named reference "Faragher" was defined multiple times with different content (see the
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332:
143:
1596:
History of the Girtys: Being a Concise Account of the Girty Brothers—Thomas, Simon, James and George
1176:"Pennsylvania, a Proclamation by the Supreme Executive Council of the Common-Wealth of Pennsylvania"
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1806:
1706:"'A Monster So Brutal': Simon Girty and the Degenerative Myth of the American Frontier, 1783–1900""
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675:
652:
588:
287:
168:
1739:
Calloway, Collin (1989), "Simon Girty: Interpreter and Intermediary", in Clifton, James A. (ed.),
1298:""A Monster So Brutal:" Simon Girty and the Degenerative Myth of the American Frontier, 1783-1900"
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477:, he commanded indigenous forces participating in the defeat of expeditions led by U.S. Generals
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1423:
1760:
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Simon Girty is a pivotal figure, objectively represented, in the Allan Eckert historical novel
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1015:"Simon Girty Sketch of the Famous Renegade Known as the White Savage - His Heartless Cruelty"
384:
1451:"Fredericksburg, Virginia - Excerpts of a Letter from Baltimore on Gen. Harmar's expedition"
179:. During his tenure operating a trading post, Girtee and Mary had four sons: Thomas, Simon,
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1220:"Extract from a Letter from a Gentleman of Character of the Frontier dated June 30, 1779"
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249:
Simon Girty, "the White Savage," etching from Thomas Boyd's 1928 book by the same title.
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505:) along with other Loyalists and Indian allies of the British, such as nations of the
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534:
War on the Frontier" (1999) and "Simon Girty: Interpreter and Intermediary" (1989).
1087:. Philadelphia: Wheeling & Philadelphia: H. Hoblitzell. 1851. pp. 155–156.
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482:
383:. Only a handful of the one hundred survived, among them Colonel John Campbell and
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On June 17, 1778 the United States of America issued a warrant for his arrest for
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Steele, Ian; Rhoden, Nancy, eds. (1999), "Simon Girty: His War on the Frontier",
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and was given his Indian name, Katepacomen, and where he remained until 1764.
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1614:
Simon Girty: Turncoat Hero: The Most Hated Man on the Early American Frontier
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1257:. f Northwestern University School of Law Scholarly Commons. pp. 231–232
1162:. Philadelphia: Wheeling & Philadelphia: H. Hoblitzell. pp. 224–242.
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962:. f Northwestern University School of Law Scholarly Commons. pp. 231–232
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in recognition of their service during the war. He retired to his farm near
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Girty is alleged to have been involved in the torture and murder of Colonel
1748:
1741:
Being and Becoming Indian: Biographical Studies of North American Frontiers
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1300:. Essays in History, Vol. 40 1998, University of Virginia. Archived from
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Simon Girty the historical figure is portrayed as clever yet sadistic in
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Simon Girty is the main antagonist/central character of historical drama
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522:
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222:
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1285:. Vol. 1. Library of Congress: Library of Congress. pp. 43–47.
990:. Vol. 1. Library of Congress: Library of Congress. pp. 43–47.
1396:"Extract from a Letter from Washington County Virginia October 2, 1782"
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718:
646:
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923:. New York, New York: Henry Holt & Company LLC. p. 167, 216.
622:(1846), was a novel by Uriah James Jones portraying him as a renegade.
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as he describes the escaped prisoner he, his partner Artemus Gordon (
700:
641:
336:
1751:(1999), "Simon Girty", in Garraty, John A.; Carnes, Mark C. (eds.),
1507:"For the Virginia Historical Society: If Not the Girties who is he?"
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Simon Girty is featured as a character in Julius de Gruyter's novel
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1642:
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1625:, Morgantown, W. Va.: Printed by Morgantown Print. and Binding Co.
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226:
277:
Girty, a former interpreter, briefly served as a messenger for
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Girty appears in Ann Finlayson's historical young adult novel
245:
123:
1861:
Loyalist military personnel of the American Revolutionary War
1791:"Chapter 3: War and Crisis in Indian Pennsylvania, 1754–1784"
272:
1343:. Franklin, Tennessee: Flying Camp Press. pp. 223–230.
301:
1638:, Thomson, Georgia: Jeffersonian Pub. Co., pp. 280–296
1632:"Girty, The White Indian: A study in Early Western History"
1130:"Simon Girty A Sketch of the Lift of Notorious Tory Outlaw"
331:, which was then in British North America. There Governor
167:
Simon Girty was born to Simon Girtee and Mary Newton near
1135:
The Sunbury Gazette, and Northumberland County Republican
16:
American frontiersman, Loyalist, soldier, and interpreter
921:
Daniel Boone: The Life and Legend of an American Pioneer
1643:
Schoenbrunn Amphitheatre Box Office (31 October 2018),
895:. Franklin, Tennessee: Flying Camp Press. p. 171.
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Wilderness: The True Story of Simon Girty, The Renegade
688:
Simon Girty was featured as one of the jury members in
627:
Simon Girty: "The White Savage" A Romance of the Border
282:
he commissioned as a Lieutenant; Girty's companion was
1881:
Loyalists in the American Revolution from Pennsylvania
1276:
PARKINSON, RICHARD; et al. (John Knight) (1805).
981:
PARKINSON, RICHARD; et al. (John Knight) (1805).
767:) have been assigned to return to prison: Liston Day (
545:, and one Simon Girty was said to have been killed in
1623:
Now and long ago: a history of the Marion County area
778:
He is featured as an ambiguous renegade character in
640:
Simon Girty, along with his brothers, is vilified in
1712:, University of Virginia, p. 40, archived from
734:
Girty appears as a character in the fictional novel
994:
528:
351:Americans, and acting as an agent for the British.
51:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1680:Watson, Thomas (1912), "Girty, The White Indian",
1630:Ranck, George W. (1906), Watson, Thomas E. (ed.),
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1225:Dunlap Pennsylvania Packet the General Advertiser
838:at Trumpet in the Land in New Philadelphia, Ohio.
497:After the end of the war, Simon Girty settled in
186:In 1750, a two year long complaint lodged by the
1827:
1447:
1181:Dunlap and Claypoole's American Daily Advertiser
433:Ambush on Bryan Station and Battle of Blue Licks
1664:The Human Tradition and the American Revolution
1448:General Assembly, Virginia (20 December 1790).
1063:
809:He is the main character in the graphic novel,
229:war band after an attack on their residence in
1456:Connecticut Courant - The Weekly Intelligencer
729:Girty: Historical Fiction in Prose and Poetry,
619:Simon Girty, the Outlaw. An Historical Romance
391:Torture and murder of Colonel William Crawford
1772:"William Clark and the Notorious Simon Girty"
456:
346:. Simon, James, and George Girty, along with
1661:
1587:The Western Pennsylvania Historical Magazine
552:
138:, after attempting to join the Pennsylvania
1876:American people of the Northwest Indian War
1818:Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography
1675:, University of Oklahoma Press, p. 182
1593:
1022:. The Lancaster Examiner. 24 September 1884
221:In 1756, Girty and his brothers Thomas and
1589:, vol. 70, no. 1, pp. 53–67
1576:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
1364:Assembly, Pennsylvania (21 October 1782).
1098:Society, State Historical (9 April 1896).
914:
912:
273:Lord Dunmore's War and American Revolution
1846:People from Franklin County, Pennsylvania
1279:A tour in America in 1798, 1799, and 1800
1275:
984:A tour in America in 1798, 1799, and 1800
980:
423:
302:British Indian Agent; Siege of Fort Henry
183:, and George sometime between 1739–1746.
142:he became a Loyalist and an agent of the
111:Learn how and when to remove this message
1695:
1616:, Franklin, Tennessee: Flying Camp Press
1598:, Columbus, O.H: Long's College Book Co.
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1765:Dictionary of Canadian Biography Online
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1393:Assembly, Virginia (19 November 1782).
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1227:. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. p. 3
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1183:. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. p. 4
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909:
890:
630:(1880) was a novel by Charles McKnight.
468:
264:On October 17, 1764, British commander
159:, and the nickname "Renegade Girty."
1828:
1721:Butterfield, Consul Willshire (1890),
1679:
1602:
1594:Butterfield, Consul Willshire (1950),
1503:
1326:
441:. Three days later, his band ambushed
309:Henry Hamilton, Lt. Governor of Canada
1776:Frances Hunter's American Heroes Blog
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1322:
1248:"Two Incidents of Revolutionary Time"
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953:"Two Incidents of Revolutionary Time"
327:By April 20, 1778, Girty had reached
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1069:
1040:
556:
49:adding citations to reliable sources
20:
1755:, New York: Oxford University Press
1544:Schoenbrunn Amphitheatre Box Office
1504:Hayden, Rev Horace (2 March 1878).
1245:
1041:Keen, Captain (30 September 1765).
950:
935:
751:, the title character, James West (
492:
362:
13:
1689:
1645:"Paul Green's Trumpet in the Land"
1458:. Hartford, Connecticut. p. 3
587:by removing the content or adding
14:
1902:
1886:People from colonial Pennsylvania
1743:, Chicago: Dorsey, pp. 38–58
1673:President Washington's Indian War
1421:
1044:"List of English Prisoners Taken"
1871:Pre-Confederation Ontario people
1866:People from Amherstburg, Ontario
1851:American people of Irish descent
1732:Simon Girty: Wilderness Warrior.
1295:
1204:Simon Girty: Wilderness Warrior.
1051:. Baltimore, Maryland. p. 3
721:Ed Butts wrote a play entitled,
561:
529:Modern representations and myths
509:. They were granted land by the
25:
1525:
1497:
1480:Simon Girty: Wilderness Warrior
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829:Flood Tides Along the Allegheny
521:) prior to the outbreak of the
323:Arrest Warrant for High Treason
36:needs additional citations for
1173:Bryan, George (17 June 1778).
1034:
1006:
974:
944:
884:
868:
755:), mentions Girty, along with
367:On October 1, 1779, Girty and
240:
1:
1564:Simon Girty: The White Savage
1555:
1483:. Toronto, Ontario: Dundurn.
1217:Matlack, T (26 August 1779).
162:
1891:Captives of Native Americans
1612:Hoffman, Phillip W. (2009),
1374:. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
1339:Hoffman, Phillip W. (2009).
919:Faragher, John Mack (1992).
802:He is the main character in
694:The Devil and Daniel Webster
644:'s frontier trilogy series,
149:Girty was also known by his
7:
1795:The Indians of Pennsylvania
1753:American National Biography
1127:H. E., W. (11 March 1881).
1030:– via Newspapers.com.
891:Hoffman, Phillip W (2009).
817:, published from 1989–1990.
339:a day (~$ 13,065 in 2023).
314:Girty and his band reached
10:
1907:
1696:Anderson, John C. (2011),
1682:Watson's Magazine (Serial)
1605:That Dark And Bloody River
1341:Simon Girty: Turncoat Hero
1325:, pp. 53–67 cited by
1246:Riddell, William Renwick.
1101:"Simon Girty's Cave Found"
951:Riddell, William Renwick.
893:Simon Girty: Turncoat Hero
712:Drum Beats on the Sandusky
457:Second Siege of Fort Henry
412:, a former officer in the
136:American Revolutionary War
127:1905 illustration of Girty
1856:British Indian Department
1684:, Jefferson Publishing Co
1603:Eckert, Allan W. (1995),
1428:The Canadian Encyclopedia
855:Greenhorn on the Frontier
791:Girty is featured in the
705:Daniel Boone, Trailblazer
699:Simon Girty is played by
583:Please help Knowledge to
553:Representation in culture
463:attack against Fort Henry
144:British Indian Department
1621:Lough, Glenn D. (1969),
1156:De Hass, Willis (1851).
861:
653:The Spirit of the Border
410:Lieutenant John McKinley
335:employed him at sixteen
288:Battle of Point Pleasant
225:were taken captive by a
169:Harrisburg, Pennsylvania
1821:, New York: D. Appleton
1708:, in Lengel, Ed (ed.),
1403:. Hartford, Connecticut
1255:Northwestern University
1137:. Sanbury, Pennsylvania
1020:Cincinnati News-Journal
960:Northwestern University
723:The Fame of Simon Girty
253:Simon Girty lived with
1797:, explorepahistory.com
1734:Canada: Dundurn, 2011.
1477:Butts, Edward (2011).
1206:Canada: Dundurn, 2011.
682:Drums along the Mohawk
424:British-Indian Council
414:13th Virginia Regiment
250:
128:
1723:History of the Girtys
1704:Barr, Daniel (1998),
1671:Sword, Wiley (1985),
1666:, Scholarly Resources
1562:Boyd, Thomas (1928),
690:Stephen Vincent Benét
385:Captain Robert Benham
355:Siege of Fort Laurens
248:
126:
1812:"Girty, Simon"
1725:, Cincinnati: Clarke
1649:trumpetintheland.com
1372:Pennsylvania Gazette
1049:The Maryland Gazette
585:improve this article
547:Pocahontas, Virginia
543:Battle of the Thames
519:Amherstburg, Ontario
507:Iroquois Confederacy
475:Northwest Indian War
469:Northwest Indian War
451:Battle of Blue Licks
194:of Philadelphia and
171:. Girtee, a staunch
45:improve this article
1759:Leighton, Douglas.
827:He is mentioned in
822:Todd Tamanend Clark
763:) and the Sheriff (
669:Girty is played by
597:independent sources
401:Sandusky expedition
1778:, 18 November 2009
1716:on 7 February 2005
1304:on 7 February 2005
902:978-0-984-2256-3-7
748:The Wild Wild West
731:by Richard Taylor.
251:
129:
1710:Essays in History
1698:Girty: The Legend
1636:Watson's magazine
1532:Wind Publications
1512:Richmond Dispatch
1350:978-0-9842256-3-7
782:'s graphic novel
736:The Dakota Cipher
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836:The White Savage
740:William Dietrich
692:'s short story "
664:Joseph Altsheler
635:The Frontiersmen
609:
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565:
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557:
493:Post Indian Wars
483:Arthur St. Clair
397:William Crawford
381:Cincinnati, Ohio
373:Dayton, Kentucky
363:Ambush on convoy
296:Continental Army
140:Continental Army
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800:
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765:William Talman
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673:in two films:
671:John Carradine
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192:Richard Peters
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1803:Wilson, J. G.
1800:
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1773:
1769:
1766:
1762:
1761:"Simon Girty"
1758:
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1749:Ferling, John
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1490:9781554889495
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1424:"Simon Girth"
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785:Fort Wheeling
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769:Hurd Hatfield
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753:Robert Conrad
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517:(present-day
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479:Josiah Harmar
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62: –
61:
60:"Simon Girty"
57:
56:Find sources:
50:
46:
40:
39:
34:This article
32:
28:
23:
22:
19:
1816:
1794:
1780:, retrieved
1775:
1764:
1752:
1740:
1731:
1722:
1714:the original
1709:
1697:
1681:
1672:
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1652:, retrieved
1648:
1635:
1622:
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1595:
1586:
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1543:
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1527:
1515:. Retrieved
1511:
1499:
1479:
1472:
1460:. Retrieved
1455:
1443:
1431:. Retrieved
1427:
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1405:. Retrieved
1400:
1388:
1376:. Retrieved
1371:
1359:
1340:
1334:
1318:
1306:. Retrieved
1302:the original
1291:
1278:
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1259:. Retrieved
1254:
1241:
1229:. Retrieved
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1197:
1185:. Retrieved
1180:
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1139:. Retrieved
1134:
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1110:. Retrieved
1105:
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1053:. Retrieved
1048:
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1024:. Retrieved
1019:
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959:
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804:Indian Lover
803:
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605:October 2022
602:
572:may contain
571:
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499:Upper Canada
496:
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472:
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447:Colonel Todd
443:Daniel Boone
436:
427:
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344:High Treason
341:
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284:Simon Kenton
279:Earl Dunmore
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131:
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81:
74:
67:
55:
43:Please help
38:verification
35:
18:
1841:1818 deaths
1836:1741 births
1327:Eckert 1995
761:Ross Martin
679:(1936) and
523:War of 1812
515:Fort Malden
481:(1790) and
241:Adolescence
188:Six Nations
156:Katepacomen
132:Simon Girty
1830:Categories
1782:31 October
1654:31 October
1566:, New York
1556:References
1517:30 January
1462:29 January
1407:30 January
1378:30 January
1329:, p.
1323:Brown 1987
1261:6 February
1231:30 January
1187:29 January
1141:30 January
1112:30 January
1055:29 January
1026:30 January
1001:Ranck 1906
966:6 February
795:novels by
780:Hugo Pratt
719:playwright
647:Betty Zane
574:irrelevant
377:Ohio River
316:Fort Henry
201:Canasatego
163:Early life
71:newspapers
1807:Fiske, J.
1433:12 August
1308:14 August
1251:(digital)
1070:Boyd 1928
956:(digital)
938:help page
847:Lake Erie
773:beginning
717:Canadian
701:Kem Dibbs
642:Zane Grey
589:citations
337:shillings
101:June 2024
1607:, Bantam
1572:citation
845:'s book
793:Deerfoot
593:reliable
539:Tecumseh
485:(1791).
255:Guyasuta
173:Loyalist
1767:, 1983.
788:(1962).
685:(1939).
541:at the
503:Ontario
449:at the
329:Detroit
227:Shawnee
177:Ireland
85:scholar
1487:
1347:
927:
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153:name,
87:
80:
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66:
58:
1283:(PDF)
988:(PDF)
862:Notes
501:(now
379:from
223:James
181:James
92:JSTOR
78:books
1784:2018
1656:2018
1578:link
1546:2018
1519:2024
1485:ISBN
1464:2024
1435:2024
1409:2024
1380:2024
1345:ISBN
1310:2024
1263:2024
1233:2024
1189:2024
1143:2024
1114:2024
1057:2024
1028:2024
968:2024
925:ISBN
897:ISBN
656:and
595:and
445:and
64:news
813:by
738:by
591:to
311:.
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