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Zygaena

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462:"Small, stout, black insects, sometimes with metallic gloss. Antenna very strongly developed; the club being considerably incrassate distally. Tongue long and strong. Legs rather short. Forewing elongate oval,black or red, rarely spotted with white or yellow. Hindwing small, usually red, seldom black. —Larva strongly humpbacked, very soft, downy-haired. Pupa in a paper-like silky cocoon, the sheaths of legs and wings being loosely soldered together. The moths are mostly local, their stations being often restricted to a mountain, a meadow, etc. They appear mostly in large numbers at their special localities, swarming about flowers, which they suck, fore instance Scabious, Thistles, Eryngium, etc., their flight being slow and straight on. The body of these insects contains, as in the other Zygaenids, a yellow , acrid, oily hquid which renders them nauseous, protecting them not only against their enemies among the vertebrates, but apparently even against predatory insects, fore instance Asilids. Like all insects protected by the body-juices, they are extremely tenacious of life, enduring considerable wounds as well as resisting strong poison for some time (cyanide of potassium). They conceal themselves in no way, mostly resting conspicuously on stalks or sprigs, hardly taking to the wing when touched, so that one can often pick them off by the long antennae. The latter are not concealed beneath the wings when at rest, as in other Heterocera, but are held straight forwaid. The main locality for the genus are the Mediterranean coast districts, of Europe as well as of the Atlas countries and the Levant, where the Zygaenae occur in a great abundance of forms, which partly intergrade and are found in immense numbers of specimens. There are often several individuals of different species on a flower, which easily explains that hybridisation obtains here more often than in any other group of Lepidoptera. However, such copulations appear to be mostly without result. The Zygaenae are best killed by injection of some strong tobacco juice With the help of the hollow needle of a morphia syringe.As in all protected Lepidoptera the specifically distinct forms are without exception very common at their localities, the commercial value depending solely on the accessibleness of these places. The number of species is largest in South Europe, North Africa and Asia Minor, thence decreasing rapidly in all directions. The pacific coast of Asia is reached by one species only and the higher North of Europe by two, while not one occurs in South Asia. Outside the Palaearctic Region there occur only a few speciesin South and East Africa, while two Palaearctic forms extend into the Punjab and the Nepalese valleys of the Himalayas.The species are on the whole very similar to one another and also very constant, varying only in certain directions. There occur of nearly all species individuals for instance with yellow instead of red markings. The normally six-spotted species may exceptionally have five spots, and inversely. In species which bear a red belt the latter may sometimes be absent, and in non-belted forms the belt may appear in rare cases. The spots of the forewing may be edged with white and merged. Lastly, the marginal band of the hindwing may be so widened as to more or less displace the red ground-colour. These various aberrations have in may cases received names. 419: 73: 51: 1897: 2029: 759: 1942: 1126: 1641: 1224: 661: 621: 611: 511: 1659: 1342: 1292: 779: 601: 521: 1204: 1058: 1000: 1370: 1214: 1194: 1176: 1010: 541: 501: 1502: 1390: 1302: 990: 2231: 1603: 1522: 1156: 1116: 1048: 641: 631: 581: 491: 681: 651: 591: 1860: 2167: 1891:, 1913, in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 6: 22.,The Macrolepidoptera of the Palearctic Fauna 2. Volume: The Palearctic Bombyces & Sphinges. 2102: 2128: 2133: 2141: 1888: 1833: 2081: 1927: 1892: 2172: 1823:
Beccaloni, G.; Scoble, M.; Kitching, I.; Simonsen, T.; Robinson, G.; Pitkin, B.; Hine, A.; Lyal, C., eds. (2003).
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6: 22.,The Macrolepidoptera of the Palearctic Fauna 2. Volume: The Palearctic Bombyces & Sphinges.
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Fabricius, 1775 (Lepidoptera: Zygaenidae, Zygaeninae), based on the biospecies concept
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This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
114: 94: 2055: 1822: 436: 2213: 1858: 49: 1791:– narrow-bordered five-spot burnet 417: 2232:Taxa named by Johan Christian Fabricius 1816: 14: 2214: 1956: 1955: 1869:Lepidoptera and some other life forms 1852: 2095:fca3659f-1bdd-44f4-89a0-681e0a8d7325 1912:A. Hofmann and W. G. Tremewan 2010 24: 1914:A revised check-list of the genus 1834:The Global Lepidoptera Names Index 25: 2243: 1936: 1895: 71: 1882: 450: 13: 1: 1809: 1347:Eckweiler & Görgner, 1981 1307:Holik & Sheljuzhko, 1956 398:Holik & Sheljuzhko, 1958 390:Holik & Sheljuzhko, 1958 382:Holik & Sheljuzhko, 1957 374:Holik & Sheljuzhko, 1956 366:Holik & Sheljuzhko, 1956 7: 1297:Hofmann &Tremewan, 2005 656:Naumann & Naumann, 1980 10: 2248: 1926:Seitz A., 1913, in Seitz, 1780:– six-spotted burnet 1477:– New Forest burnet 838:Fischer von Waldheim, 1832 466: 29: 1964: 1507:Reiss & Schulte, 1967 1005:Hofmann & Reiss, 1983 646:Reiss & Schulte, 1961 176: 169: 68:Scientific classification 66: 57: 48: 41: 1802:– five-spot burnet 1458:– mountain burnet 764:Klír & Naumann, 2002 760:Zygaena pseudorubicundus 606:Hofmann & Keil, 2010 32:Zygaena (disambiguation) 1921:Entomologist’s Gazette 1839:Natural History Museum 1337:Herrich-Schäffer, 1852 1219:Hille & Keil, 2000 464: 458:described them thus: 427: 2194:Paleobiology Database 1127:Zygaena transpamirini 1101:Grum-Grshimailo, 1887 460: 421: 2090:Fauna Europaea (new) 1774:Zygaena filipendulae 1708:Zygaena osterodensis 1642:Zygaena problematica 1622:Zygaena rhadamanthus 424:Zygaena filipendulae 30:For other uses, see 1929:Gross-Schmett. Erde 1746:Zygaena transalpina 1576:Zygaena anthyllidis 1235:Zygaena haberhaueri 1225:Zygaena tenhagenova 662:Zygaena ginnereissi 622:Zygaena hindukuschi 612:Zygaena rubricollis 512:Zygaena kermanensis 1760:Ochsenheimer, 1808 1730:Ochsenheimer, 1808 1688:Zygaena nevadensis 1660:Zygaena persephone 1594:Zygaena lavandulae 1460:(Hohenwarth, 1792) 1437:Zygaena occitanica 1427:Zygaena carniolica 1343:Zygaena peschmerga 1293:Zygaena bakhtiyari 1083:Ochsenheimer, 1808 962:Ochsenheimer, 1808 948:Zygaena contaminei 834:Zygaena centaureae 780:Zygaena alpherakyi 770:Zygaena purpuralis 720:Zygaena rubicundus 602:Zygaena mirzayansi 522:Zygaena turkmenica 428: 2227:Zygaenidae genera 2209: 2208: 2181:Open Tree of Life 1958:Taxon identifiers 1801: 1790: 1785:Zygaena lonicerae 1779: 1761: 1756:Zygaena angelicae 1751: 1741: 1736:Zygaena ephialtes 1731: 1713: 1703: 1693: 1683: 1665: 1647: 1637: 1632:Zygaena oxytropis 1627: 1609: 1599: 1581: 1563: 1548: 1538: 1528: 1518: 1508: 1490: 1480: 1461: 1442: 1432: 1414: 1396: 1386: 1376: 1358: 1348: 1338: 1328: 1323:Zygaena escalerai 1318: 1308: 1298: 1288: 1278: 1260: 1250: 1240: 1230: 1220: 1210: 1205:Zygaena chirazica 1200: 1182: 1172: 1162: 1152: 1147:Zygaena cocandica 1142: 1132: 1122: 1112: 1107:Zygaena truchmena 1102: 1097:Zygaena kavrigini 1084: 1074: 1064: 1059:Zygaena maroccana 1054: 1036: 1026: 1016: 1006: 1001:Zygaena tremewani 996: 978: 963: 953: 943: 933: 923: 913: 895: 877: 859: 854:Zygaena huguenini 849: 839: 821: 803: 785: 775: 765: 755: 745: 735: 725: 715: 697: 687: 677: 672:Zygaena haematina 667: 657: 647: 637: 627: 617: 607: 597: 587: 577: 567: 557: 547: 537: 532:Zygaena cacuminum 527: 517: 507: 497: 479: 416: 415: 407: 399: 391: 383: 375: 367: 359: 351: 343: 335: 327: 319: 311: 303: 295: 287: 279: 271: 263: 255: 247: 239: 231: 223: 215: 207: 199: 191: 165: 60:Zygaena ephialtes 16:(Redirected from 2239: 2202: 2201: 2189: 2188: 2176: 2175: 2163: 2162: 2160:NHMSYS0000517508 2150: 2149: 2137: 2136: 2124: 2123: 2111: 2110: 2098: 2097: 2085: 2084: 2072: 2071: 2059: 2058: 2046: 2045: 2033: 2032: 2023: 2022: 2010: 2009: 2000: 1999: 1998: 1985: 1984: 1983: 1953: 1952: 1905: 1899: 1898: 1886: 1880: 1879: 1877: 1875: 1865:Fabricius, 1775" 1859:Savela, Markku. 1856: 1850: 1849: 1847: 1845: 1820: 1799: 1796:Zygaena trifolii 1788: 1778:(Linnaeus, 1758) 1777: 1759: 1749: 1740:(Linnaeus, 1767) 1739: 1729: 1726:Zygaena dorycnii 1711: 1701: 1691: 1681: 1663: 1645: 1635: 1625: 1608:de Joannis, 1908 1607: 1597: 1579: 1561: 1546: 1543:Zygaena ignifera 1536: 1526: 1516: 1506: 1488: 1478: 1459: 1440: 1430: 1412: 1395:Przegendza, 1932 1394: 1384: 1374: 1371:Zygaena johannae 1356: 1346: 1336: 1326: 1316: 1306: 1296: 1286: 1277:Staudinger, 1887 1276: 1273:Zygaena separata 1258: 1248: 1245:Zygaena olivieri 1238: 1228: 1218: 1215:Zygaena naumanni 1208: 1199:Sheljuzhko, 1941 1198: 1195:Zygaena ferganae 1180: 1177:Zygaena storaiae 1170: 1167:Zygaena sogdiana 1161:Sheljuzhko, 1919 1160: 1150: 1141:Staudinger, 1889 1140: 1130: 1120: 1110: 1100: 1082: 1072: 1063:Rothschild, 1917 1062: 1053:Rothschild, 1926 1052: 1035:(Linnaeus, 1767) 1034: 1024: 1014: 1011:Zygaena alluaudi 1004: 995:Rothschild, 1917 994: 976: 961: 951: 941: 938:Zygaena sarpedon 931: 921: 911: 908:Zygaena loyselis 893: 875: 858:Staudinger, 1887 857: 847: 837: 819: 801: 798:Zygaena graslini 784:Sheljuzhko, 1936 783: 774:(Brünnich, 1763) 773: 763: 753: 743: 740:Zygaena erythrus 733: 730:Zygaena cambysea 723: 713: 696:Staudinger, 1887 695: 685: 675: 665: 655: 645: 635: 625: 615: 605: 595: 585: 575: 565: 555: 545: 542:Zygaena speciosa 535: 525: 515: 505: 502:Zygaena nocturna 495: 477: 405: 397: 389: 381: 373: 365: 357: 349: 341: 333: 325: 317: 309: 301: 293: 285: 277: 269: 261: 253: 245: 237: 229: 221: 213: 205: 197: 189: 160: 76: 75: 53: 39: 38: 21: 2247: 2246: 2242: 2241: 2240: 2238: 2237: 2236: 2212: 2211: 2210: 2205: 2197: 2192: 2184: 2179: 2171: 2166: 2158: 2153: 2145: 2140: 2132: 2127: 2119: 2114: 2106: 2101: 2093: 2088: 2080: 2075: 2067: 2062: 2054: 2049: 2041: 2036: 2028: 2026: 2018: 2013: 2005: 2003: 1994: 1993: 1988: 1979: 1978: 1973: 1960: 1939: 1909: 1908: 1896: 1887: 1883: 1873: 1871: 1857: 1853: 1843: 1841: 1827:Zygaena​ 1821: 1817: 1812: 1807: 1789:(Scheven, 1777) 1702:Duponchel, 1835 1562:Fabricius, 1775 1553: 1537:Christoph, 1882 1527:Eversmann, 1851 1503:Zygaena christa 1485:Zygaena niphona 1455:Zygaena exulans 1441:(Villers, 1789) 1431:(Scopoli, 1763) 1413:Duponchel, 1835 1391:Zygaena beatrix 1353:Zygaena afghana 1333:Zygaena formosa 1317:Ménétriés, 1832 1313:Zygaena fraxini 1303:Zygaena sengana 1283:Zygaena rosinae 1259:Fabricius, 1787 1137:Zygaena magiana 1111:Eversmann, 1854 1079:Zygaena hilaris 1069:Zygaena marcuna 1025:Boisduval, 1834 991:Zygaena excelsa 968: 958:Zygaena punctum 952:Boisduval, 1834 918:Zygaena favonia 890:Zygaena zuleima 872:Zygaena corsica 816:Zygaena cynarae 566:Christoph, 1889 552:Zygaena cuvieri 536:Christoph, 1877 469: 453: 412: 182: 181: 159: 70: 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 2245: 2235: 2234: 2229: 2224: 2207: 2206: 2204: 2203: 2190: 2177: 2164: 2151: 2138: 2125: 2112: 2099: 2086: 2077:Fauna Europaea 2073: 2060: 2047: 2034: 2024: 2011: 2001: 1996:Zygaena (ICZN) 1986: 1970: 1968: 1962: 1961: 1950: 1949: 1938: 1937:External links 1935: 1934: 1933: 1924: 1907: 1906: 1881: 1851: 1814: 1813: 1811: 1808: 1806: 1805: 1804: 1803: 1792: 1781: 1764: 1763: 1762: 1752: 1742: 1732: 1716: 1715: 1714: 1704: 1694: 1684: 1668: 1667: 1666: 1650: 1649: 1648: 1638: 1628: 1612: 1611: 1610: 1604:Zygaena theryi 1600: 1584: 1583: 1582: 1565: 1552: 1551: 1550: 1549: 1539: 1529: 1523:Zygaena armena 1519: 1509: 1493: 1492: 1491: 1481: 1474:Zygaena viciae 1464: 1463: 1462: 1445: 1444: 1443: 1433: 1417: 1416: 1415: 1399: 1398: 1397: 1387: 1385:Oberthür, 1876 1377: 1361: 1360: 1359: 1349: 1339: 1329: 1319: 1309: 1299: 1289: 1279: 1263: 1262: 1261: 1251: 1241: 1231: 1221: 1211: 1201: 1185: 1184: 1183: 1173: 1171:Erschoff, 1874 1163: 1157:Zygaena pamira 1153: 1151:Erschoff, 1874 1143: 1133: 1123: 1117:Zygaena esseni 1113: 1103: 1087: 1086: 1085: 1075: 1073:Oberthür, 1888 1065: 1055: 1049:Zygaena youngi 1039: 1038: 1037: 1031:Zygaena fausta 1027: 1021:Zygaena algira 1017: 1015:Oberthür, 1922 1007: 997: 980: 967: 966: 965: 964: 954: 944: 942:(Hübner, 1790) 934: 932:Blachier, 1905 928:Zygaena aurata 924: 914: 912:Oberthür, 1876 898: 897: 896: 880: 879: 878: 862: 861: 860: 850: 848:(Hübner, 1790) 840: 824: 823: 822: 806: 805: 804: 788: 787: 786: 776: 766: 756: 746: 736: 726: 716: 710:Zygaena brizae 700: 699: 698: 688: 678: 668: 658: 648: 642:Zygaena wyatti 638: 632:Zygaena halima 628: 618: 608: 598: 588: 582:Zygaena araxis 578: 572:Zygaena manlia 568: 562:Zygaena tamara 558: 548: 538: 528: 518: 516:Tremewan, 1975 508: 498: 492:Zygaena seitzi 481: 468: 465: 456:Adalbert Seitz 452: 449: 439:in the family 435:is a genus of 414: 413: 411: 410: 409: 408: 400: 395:Mesembrynoidea 392: 384: 376: 368: 360: 352: 344: 336: 328: 320: 312: 304: 296: 288: 283:Peucedanophila 280: 275:Santolinophaga 272: 264: 256: 248: 240: 232: 224: 216: 208: 200: 179: 178: 177: 174: 173: 167: 166: 152: 148: 147: 142: 138: 137: 132: 128: 127: 122: 118: 117: 112: 108: 107: 102: 98: 97: 92: 88: 87: 82: 78: 77: 64: 63: 55: 54: 46: 45: 27:Genus of moths 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 2244: 2233: 2230: 2228: 2225: 2223: 2220: 2219: 2217: 2200: 2195: 2191: 2187: 2182: 2178: 2174: 2169: 2165: 2161: 2156: 2152: 2148: 2143: 2139: 2135: 2130: 2126: 2122: 2117: 2113: 2109: 2104: 2100: 2096: 2091: 2087: 2083: 2078: 2074: 2070: 2065: 2061: 2057: 2052: 2048: 2044: 2039: 2035: 2031: 2025: 2021: 2016: 2012: 2008: 2002: 1997: 1991: 1987: 1982: 1976: 1972: 1971: 1969: 1967: 1963: 1959: 1954: 1948: 1946: 1941: 1940: 1931: 1930: 1925: 1922: 1919: 1917: 1911: 1910: 1903: 1902:public domain 1894: 1890: 1885: 1870: 1866: 1864: 1855: 1840: 1836: 1835: 1830: 1828: 1819: 1815: 1800:(Esper, 1783) 1798: 1797: 1793: 1787: 1786: 1782: 1776: 1775: 1771: 1770: 1768: 1765: 1758: 1757: 1753: 1750:(Esper, 1780) 1748: 1747: 1743: 1738: 1737: 1733: 1728: 1727: 1723: 1722: 1720: 1717: 1710: 1709: 1705: 1700: 1699: 1698:Zygaena romeo 1695: 1690: 1689: 1685: 1682:(Kirby, 1892) 1680: 1679: 1675: 1674: 1672: 1669: 1662: 1661: 1657: 1656: 1654: 1651: 1646:Naumann, 1966 1644: 1643: 1639: 1634: 1633: 1629: 1624: 1623: 1619: 1618: 1616: 1613: 1606: 1605: 1601: 1598:(Esper, 1783) 1596: 1595: 1591: 1590: 1588: 1585: 1578: 1577: 1573: 1572: 1570: 1567: 1566: 1564: 1560: 1559: 1545: 1544: 1540: 1535: 1534: 1530: 1525: 1524: 1520: 1515: 1514: 1510: 1505: 1504: 1500: 1499: 1497: 1494: 1487: 1486: 1482: 1476: 1475: 1471: 1470: 1468: 1465: 1457: 1456: 1452: 1451: 1449: 1446: 1439: 1438: 1434: 1429: 1428: 1424: 1423: 1421: 1418: 1411: 1410: 1409:Zygaena orana 1406: 1405: 1403: 1400: 1393: 1392: 1388: 1383: 1382: 1381:Zygaena felix 1378: 1375:Le Cerf, 1923 1373: 1372: 1368: 1367: 1365: 1362: 1355: 1354: 1350: 1345: 1344: 1340: 1335: 1334: 1330: 1327:Poujade, 1900 1325: 1324: 1320: 1315: 1314: 1310: 1305: 1304: 1300: 1295: 1294: 1290: 1285: 1284: 1280: 1275: 1274: 1270: 1269: 1267: 1264: 1257: 1256: 1252: 1247: 1246: 1242: 1239:Lederer, 1870 1237: 1236: 1232: 1229:Hofmann, 2005 1227: 1226: 1222: 1217: 1216: 1212: 1207: 1206: 1202: 1197: 1196: 1192: 1191: 1189: 1186: 1181:Naumann, 1974 1179: 1178: 1174: 1169: 1168: 1164: 1159: 1158: 1154: 1149: 1148: 1144: 1139: 1138: 1134: 1129: 1128: 1124: 1119: 1118: 1114: 1109: 1108: 1104: 1099: 1098: 1094: 1093: 1091: 1088: 1081: 1080: 1076: 1071: 1070: 1066: 1061: 1060: 1056: 1051: 1050: 1046: 1045: 1043: 1040: 1033: 1032: 1028: 1023: 1022: 1018: 1013: 1012: 1008: 1003: 1002: 998: 993: 992: 988: 987: 985: 982: 981: 979: 975: 974: 960: 959: 955: 950: 949: 945: 940: 939: 935: 930: 929: 925: 920: 919: 915: 910: 909: 905: 904: 902: 899: 894:Pierret, 1837 892: 891: 887: 886: 884: 881: 874: 873: 869: 868: 866: 863: 856: 855: 851: 846: 845: 844:Zygaena laeta 841: 836: 835: 831: 830: 828: 825: 820:(Esper, 1789) 818: 817: 813: 812: 810: 807: 802:Lederer, 1855 800: 799: 795: 794: 792: 789: 782: 781: 777: 772: 771: 767: 762: 761: 757: 752: 751: 750:Zygaena minos 747: 742: 741: 737: 734:Lederer, 1870 732: 731: 727: 722: 721: 717: 714:(Esper, 1800) 712: 711: 707: 706: 704: 701: 694: 693: 692:Zygaena lydia 689: 686:Hofmann, 2000 684: 683: 682:Zygaena fusca 679: 674: 673: 669: 666:Hofmann, 2000 664: 663: 659: 654: 653: 652:Zygaena aisha 649: 644: 643: 639: 636:Naumann, 1977 634: 633: 629: 624: 623: 619: 616:Hampson, 1900 614: 613: 609: 604: 603: 599: 594: 593: 592:Zygaena fredi 589: 584: 583: 579: 576:Lederer, 1870 574: 573: 569: 564: 563: 559: 554: 553: 549: 544: 543: 539: 534: 533: 529: 524: 523: 519: 514: 513: 509: 504: 503: 499: 494: 493: 489: 488: 486: 483: 482: 480: 476: 475: 463: 459: 457: 448: 446: 442: 438: 434: 433: 426: 425: 420: 404: 401: 396: 393: 388: 385: 380: 377: 372: 369: 364: 361: 356: 353: 348: 345: 340: 337: 332: 329: 324: 321: 318:Burgeff, 1926 316: 313: 310:Burgeff, 1926 308: 305: 302:Burgeff, 1926 300: 297: 294:Burgeff, 1926 292: 289: 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Index

Silvicola
Zygaena (disambiguation)

Zygaena ephialtes
Scientific classification
Edit this classification
Eukaryota
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Zygaenidae
Zygaeninae
Zygaena
Fabricius
Synonyms

Zygaena filipendulae
moths
Zygaenidae
Palearctic
Adalbert Seitz
Zygaena seitzi
Zygaena nocturna
Zygaena kermanensis
Zygaena turkmenica
Zygaena cacuminum
Zygaena speciosa
Zygaena cuvieri
Zygaena tamara

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