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226:, and had come to mean something different in its later form than it had in its original. He begins by pointing out that Ethiopians in the earliest writings are presented in a very positive light, but by the time they written of as "Sigelwarans", the perception has become the opposite. He does not speculate why, but instead demonstrates a clear relationship between
33:
81:, and attempts to recover what it might originally have meant. Tolkien suggested that its two elements were most likely sun/jewel and coal/hearth, perhaps meaning something like a soot-black fire-demon.
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332:", an ancient class of demons "with red-hot eyes that emitted sparks and faces black as soot", English equivalent of the Norse
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suggests that
Tolkien's detailed study of the word may have influenced him in his creation of elements of his fantasy world of
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is almost impossible; that trying to do so must be "for the joy of the hunt rather than the hope of a final kill".
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a symbol ... of that large part of ancient
English language and lore which has now vanished beyond recall,
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notes these names are derived from the Old
English Sigelwara, and refers to Tolkien's essay
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The main thrust of
Tolkien's argument in this two-part paper seems to have been that
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notes that the demons "with red-hot eyes" make appearances in
Tolkien's fiction as
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199:.. be suðan Sigelwara land, forbærned burhhleoðu, brune leode, hatum heofoncolum.
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126:. Tolkien concluded that, while the meaning of the first element was evidently
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that appeared in two parts, in 1932 and 1934. It explores the etymology of the
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460:"As if it had never been", a quotation from the Old English poem
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2046:
The Ring of Words: Tolkien and the Oxford
English Dictionary
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and shows how discovering the original meaning of the word
340:, that had been forgotten even before the composition of
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140:
was not definitely recoverable, but might be guessed at:
253:
as a conflation of two words, the inherited word for
385:as black demons; furthermore their homeland of Far
582:J. R. R. Tolkien (1989), ed. Christopher Tolkien,
588:, Unwin Hyman, ch. XXV p. 435 & p. 439 note 4
542:. The Medieval & Classical Literature Library
350:
2059:
484:
482:
2078:Works originally published in British magazines
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24:
1228:The Monsters and the Critics, and Other Essays
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510:
688:The Homecoming of Beorhtnoth Beorhthelm's Son
610:
479:
318:", Tolkien tentatively concludes that in the
1527:J. R. R. Tolkien: A Descriptive Bibliography
291:
112:Tolkien's essay treats the etymology of the
1534:The Lord of the Rings: A Reader's Companion
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398:
276:
1106:Chaucer as a Philologist: The Reeve's Tale
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603:
1927:Impact of Tolkien's Middle-earth writings
324:we may be looking at "rather the sons of
275:for "jewel, necklace", loaned from Latin
134:"Sun", the meaning of the second element
40:etymologies, leading to major strands of
36:Imagemap with clickable links. Tolkien's
1762:Tolkien's Art: 'A Mythology for England'
1548:The J. R. R. Tolkien Companion and Guide
1541:J. R. R. Tolkien: Artist and Illustrator
20:
1805:J. R. R. Tolkien: Author of the Century
1176:(as translator and lexicographer, 1966)
371:One of the many peoples encountered in
2060:
732:The Man in the Moon Stayed Up Too Late
1244:Beowulf: A Translation and Commentary
598:
532:
968:The History of The Lord of the Rings
772:List of Tolkien's alliterative verse
624:
84:The Tolkien scholar and philologist
1661:Understanding The Lord of the Rings
1418:Janice Bogstad & Philip Kaveny
13:
1466:Tolkien, Race and Cultural History
403:in pre-modern times. In drafts of
14:
2099:
1755:Tolkien and the Invention of Myth
407:Tolkien toyed with names such as
1922:Languages constructed by Tolkien
961:The Lost Road and Other Writings
379:". This description recalls the
2031:Poems and Songs of Middle Earth
1834:Tolkien and the Classical World
1195:Sir Gawain and the Green Knight
1076:Sir Gawain and the Green Knight
757:The Legend of Sigurd and Gudrún
389:, the great southern region of
1627:Tolkien: A Cultural Phenomenon
1323:Tolkien: Maker of Middle-earth
1309:The Worlds of J. R. R. Tolkien
1116:: The Monsters and the Critics
1092:Ancrene Wisse and Hali Meiðhad
703:The Adventures of Tom Bombadil
576:
554:
540:"Junius 11 "Exodus" ll. 68-88"
454:
351:Influence on Tolkien's fiction
1:
1776:J. R. R. Tolkien Encyclopedia
1287:J. R. R. Tolkien: A Biography
472:
357:J. R. R. Tolkien's influences
100:or dark fire-demons, and the
1949:Elvish Linguistic Fellowship
1290:(1977, authorized biography)
1079:(Middle English text, 1925)
900:The Father Christmas Letters
813:The Lay of Aotrou and Itroun
496:Vol. 1, No. 3. December 1932
204:"... southward lay the
168:, a free translation of the
7:
1956:Tolkien's impact on fantasy
989:The Peoples of Middle-earth
954:The Shaping of Middle-earth
932:The History of Middle-earth
430:
397:, sometimes referred to as
284:Suggesting a connection of
10:
2104:
2068:Essays by J. R. R. Tolkien
1961:Tolkien and the modernists
1046:The Nature of Middle-earth
837:The Fellowship of the Ring
669:Songs for the Philologists
419:generally and their land;
354:
263:and an Old English neuter
96:or forged sun-jewels, the
2039:Language and Human Nature
2017:Works inspired by Tolkien
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1302:Tolkien and the Great War
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1014:The History of The Hobbit
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560:J. R. R. Tolkien (1955),
503:Vol. 3, No. 2. June 1934.
375:are "black men like half-
16:Essay by J. R. R. Tolkien
1825:Sandra Ballif Straubhaar
1812:The Road to Middle-Earth
1591:The Keys of Middle-earth
1085:The Devil's Coach Horses
519:The Road to Middle-earth
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104:, men of the hot south.
1236:Beowulf and the Critics
585:The Treason of Isengard
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853:The Return of the King
563:The Return of the King
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1905:Francis Xavier Morgan
1650:Elizabeth Whittingham
1206:(translations, 1975)
1022:The Story of Kullervo
1006:The Children of Húrin
982:The War of the Jewels
947:The Lays of Beleriand
829:The Lord of the Rings
741:The Road Goes Ever On
405:The Lord of the Rings
373:The Lord of the Rings
355:Further information:
142:
116:word for the ancient
71:word for the ancient
35:
1354:Matthew T. Dickerson
1038:The Fall of Gondolin
516:Tom Shippey (2005),
302:"fire", Old English
220:was a corruption of
2083:Africa in mythology
2026:(biographical film)
1983:The Tolkien Society
1976:Tolkien fan fiction
1770:Michael D. C. Drout
1436:Janet Brennan Croft
1404:Douglas A. Anderson
1349:Stratford Caldecott
1317:Catherine McIlwaine
1054:The Fall of Númenor
821:Farmer Giles of Ham
491:, "Sigelwara Land"
421:Christopher Tolkien
1944:Mythopoeic Society
1820:Elizabeth Solopova
1492:A Question of Time
1281:Humphrey Carpenter
871:The Tolkien Reader
765:The Fall of Arthur
395:Sub-Saharan Africa
296:"coal", Old Norse
57:
2055:
2054:
1888:
1887:
1692:Carl F. Hostetter
1682:Anthony Appleyard
1605:A Tolkien Compass
1566:Charles A. Huttar
1485:Interrupted Music
1455:Bradford Lee Eden
1423:Picturing Tolkien
1414:Bradley J. Birzer
1166:English and Welsh
1030:Beren and Lúthien
749:Bilbo's Last Song
437:White Aethiopians
212:
211:
63:" is an essay by
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2012:Tolkien research
1870:Michael Martinez
1829:Hamish Williams
1687:Helge Fauskanger
1613:John D. Rateliff
1517:Wayne G. Hammond
1499:Splintered Light
1379:Fleming Rutledge
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1220:Finn and Hengest
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1123:On Fairy-Stories
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916:Unfinished Tales
908:The Silmarillion
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626:J. R. R. Tolkien
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1640:Anna Vaninskaya
1622:Brian Rosebury
1618:Robin Anne Reid
1561:Thomas Honegger
1521:Christina Scull
1442:Tolkien on Film
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1137:On Translating
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1712:Allan Turner
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1364:Peter Kreeft
1359:Colin Duriez
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544:. Retrieved
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501:Medium Aevum
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494:Medium Aevum
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463:The Wanderer
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391:Middle-earth
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321:Sigelhearwan
308:"to roast",
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183:Codex Junius
174:Codex Junius
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123:Sigelhearwan
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90:Middle-earth
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78:Sigelhearwan
60:
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2088:Old English
2073:1932 essays
1799:Tom Shippey
1749:Jane Chance
1727:Classicists
1274:Biographers
1184:Posthumous
1101:" (1932–34)
890:Posthumous
678:Bagme Bloma
362:Tom Shippey
334:fire giants
241:Sigelhearwa
235:sigelhearwa
223:Sigelhearwa
187:Old English
162:appears in
156:The phrase
118:Aethiopians
114:Old English
86:Tom Shippey
73:Aethiopians
69:Old English
2062:Categories
1912:Influences
1855:Lin Carter
1702:David Salo
1697:Tom Loback
1512:Nick Groom
1296:John Garth
998:Roverandom
798:The Hobbit
546:1 February
473:References
393:, recalls
2007:Reception
2002:Memorials
1674:Linguists
1341:Christian
1203:Sir Orfeo
1150:Sir Orfeo
1125:" (1939)
924:Mr. Bliss
660:and songs
400:Aethiopia
382:Sigelwara
336:ruled by
247:The word
229:sigelwara
217:Sigelwara
94:Silmarils
46:Silmarils
38:Sigelwara
1938:Mythlore
1932:Inklings
1394:Literary
1267:Scholars
1251:" (2014)
1186:academic
1168:" (1963)
1118:" (1936)
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1094:" (1929)
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1065:Academic
808:" (1947)
711:Errantry
698:" (1954)
431:See also
417:Haradrim
415:for the
328:than of
102:Haradrim
54:Haradrim
2034:(album)
2023:Tolkien
1917:Artwork
1893:Related
1847:Popular
1396:critics
1139:Beowulf
1114:Beowulf
892:fiction
790:Fiction
706:(1962)
672:(1936)
645:Letters
366:Balrogs
326:Muspell
278:sigilla
137:hearwan
98:Balrogs
50:Balrogs
1988:Awards
1900:Family
1519:&
1259:(2016)
1247:with "
1239:(2002)
1231:(1983)
1223:(1982)
1215:(1981)
1212:Exodus
1201:, and
1161:(1962)
1153:(1944)
1145:(1940)
1057:(2022)
1049:(2021)
1041:(2018)
1033:(2017)
1025:(2015)
1017:(2007)
1009:(2007)
1001:(1998)
927:(1982)
919:(1980)
911:(1977)
903:(1976)
882:(1967)
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856:(1955)
848:(1954)
840:(1954)
824:(1949)
816:(1945)
801:(1937)
768:(2013)
760:(2009)
752:(1974)
744:(1967)
691:(1953)
658:Poetry
570:
526:
442:Sowilō
409:Harwan
377:trolls
344:Exodus
316:hearth
287:hearwa
165:Exodus
52:, and
44:, the
1199:Pearl
1067:works
448:Notes
387:Harad
338:Surtr
311:heorð
305:heorþ
299:hyr-r
293:hauri
272:sygle
266:sigle
260:sigel
250:sigel
176:11):
130:sigel
108:Essay
568:ISBN
548:2020
524:ISBN
498:and
411:and
232:and
185:11 (
330:Ham
269:or
255:Sun
2064::
1197:,
832::
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