851:
201:
526:
191:
146:
130:
121:
562:
799:
155:
637:
172:
181:
830:, Vannes began to prosper again. The scars of the past war however were still very present in the townscape. The Duke decided to rebuild the destroyed walls, to repair the gates and to enlarge the town wall. The enclosed town area was enlarged towards the south as far as the port, so that the area within the walls was doubled by it. Wanting to profit from the more central situation of the town in his Duchy (compared to the towns of
210:
905:, urged their sons, Olivier and Guillaume, to avenge their father. Many lords of Brittany supported her cause and, with them, she started a guerilla war on the French King and Charles de Blois. She devoted her fortune to raise an army to attack French garrisons in Brittany. Threatened on land, she armed two ships and was accompanied by her two sons. She led a war of
39:
504:. Blois therefore allied himself with the French, and Montfort with the English. The two pretenders decided to defer to royal judgement. Sensing that the judgment of the King of France would be in favor of Charles de Blois, his nephew, Jean de Montfort, did an about-face. He captured the Ducal home in
885:
by order of the French sovereign on 2 August 1343. This hasty execution shocked the nobility, his guilt of treason not having been publicly demonstrated at the time, since the decision had been taken by the King, without process. Moreover, the notion of treason was not at the time understood in the
909:
against the French ships. This saga ended when some warships of the King of France seized the ships of Jeanne de
Belleville, who managed to escape with her two sons on a lifeboat. The five days adrift were however fatal to Guillaume, who died of thirst, cold, and exhaustion. Olivier and his mother
608:
and the Count of
Quenfort attacked a section of the wall abandoned by the defenders. The troops made a racket to make it appear that Vannes had been invaded. Vannes' garrison was flanked, a part of the city's defenders managed to escape while the rest was massacred. The city then returned to the
660:
He could not prevent the loss of Vannes — troops from Blois entered the breaches that had occurred from the previous siege, that had not been repaired in time. Vannes was once again looted. During the siege, D'Artois received a wound from which he died some time after he was ferried to
790:
The citizens of Vannes as well as the local clergy were however loyal to John de
Montfort and drove out the Papal agents a few months after the signing of the treaty. English troops reoccupied the town in September 1343. They stayed there for the next twenty years, until the
512:, where he convened the nobility of Brittany for recognition as the Duke. This attempt failed – the Breton Barons did not come for fear of reprisals, so on 1 June he embarked on a tour throughout the Duchy to ensure control of strongholds. Vannes declared allegiance to him.
700:, admirals of France at the head of one hundred galleys and thirty ships, attacked all vessels carrying arms and supplies to the English. After losing several ships, Edward III, dispersed his fleet in order to save it; a portion was sent to
868:
and the King of France when the
English took the town after the fourth siege of Vannes in 1342. A prisoner, Oliver IV was taken to England and set free for a relatively small amount. Due to the perceived small amount of that ransom,
540:
At the beginning of 1342, Charles de Blois appeared before the walls of Vannes, having looted and destroyed part of the suburbs outside the walls. The City
Council began discussions with Charles, leading to the surrender of Vannes.
886:
same manner by the nobles. They claimed the right to choose whom to render homage to, without thereby being undignified. Olivier IV's execution was accompanied by a posthumous humiliation. His body hung by the armpits from
722:
The besiegers settled in for the duration and therefore decided to systematically pillage the surroundings of Vannes. During one of the daily sorties by the besieged, Clisson was taken prisoner. On the
English side,
806:
For Vannes, the occupation marked a slowing down of activity. The surrounding villages and countryside had been destroyed by the succession of sieges. The reconstruction could not take place as long as the
782:. The treaty was therefore, for the court of France and that of Rome, favourable to Charles de Blois. The legates therefore determined to subsequently give the fortress back to the King of France.
839:
255:
299:
819:, for example, but also with the ports of England. Furthermore, the town council strengthened its autonomy and they were allowed to send representatives to the 1352
654:
304:
891:
887:
542:
582:
657:, Marshal of Brittany, and headed towards Vannes. D'Artois did not have time to gather reinforcements and had to fight with the forces left to him in November.
586:
422:
was culturally close to Celtic portions of the
British Isles and this made it part of a sphere of economic influence with England, to which it supplied salt.
775:
766:
In accordance with the stipulations of the Treaty of
Malestroit, signed in January 1343, Vannes was temporarily handed over to the Cardinal Legates of
248:
114:
612:
A day after the capture of Vannes, Countess de
Montfort arrived with her captains. She remained there for five days then returned to Hennebont with
410:, Vannes remained in the hands of its own rulers, but ultimately resided under English control from September 1343 till the end of the war in 1365.
895:
719: , on the sea and well defended." Arriving before the ramparts, he launched an assault, which was resisted by the defenders for six hours.
1309:
1235:
936:, 1897), an attack took place on the eve of negotiations. This is after a truce, was decided, during which a decision to take Vannes was taken.
811:. Nevertheless, Vannes profited from the preponderant situation of the English in France and of a significant trade with the occupied ports –
241:
1376:
1337:
898:
at Nantes, while the rest of his corpse was exposed on the gates of Paris. These were outrages reserved for the remains of great criminals.
653:, who was absent during the capture of Vannes by Artois, was angered by the loss. Clisson raised about 12,600 men in addition to those of
724:
621:
601:
604:, lit two fires in front of two of Vannes gates and attracted the city garrison there. During that time, a small group led by
1411:
1401:
1219:
1200:
983:
390:
from 1341 to 1365. The successive sieges ruined Vannes and its surrounding countryside. Vannes was eventually sold off in a
1282:
861:
650:
213:
1261:
1391:
842:. In 1379, after the return from exile of the Duke, Vannes became the seat of ducal power for several decades.
758:
on 19 January 1343. The siege of Vannes was then lifted and the city was handed provisionally to the legates.
955:
According to
Bordonove, Philippe Georges VI held concrete elements against Olivier IV proving its turnaround.
613:
605:
593:
578:
1406:
808:
711:
All English efforts were concentrated on the siege of Vannes that began on 5 December 1342. In a letter to
387:
265:
30:
792:
383:
349:
324:
1396:
779:
474:
329:
827:
458:
294:
204:
1386:
1381:
712:
850:
438:
570:
309:
289:
284:
279:
200:
934:
According to an older source (Joseph-Marie Le Led 'historical topography of the city of Vannes
874:
674:
640:
597:
501:
442:
194:
902:
644:
617:
482:
334:
184:
677:
decided to avenge D'Artois. He went in person to Brittany and laid siege to three towns: (
8:
870:
820:
771:
755:
731:
454:
391:
344:
95:
48:
145:
120:
1303:
1229:
1087:(in French) (Les ducs de Bretagne et le Saint-Siège ed.). Rennes: 843, 702 (38–4).
636:
574:
573:
arrived in the Vannes district at the head of about 10,000 soldiers. At the same time,
450:
395:
133:
1080:
754:
intervened, avoiding confrontation between the two armies: they obtained a three-year
525:
1278:
1257:
1215:
1196:
1188:
979:
735:
497:
490:
434:
419:
399:
375:
319:
314:
158:
1293:
190:
129:
865:
549:
while Charles de Blois entered Vannes. He stayed for five days before returning to
486:
478:
477:, died on 30 April 1341 without a direct heir or a will to declare his succession.
470:
379:
339:
175:
139:
855:
1416:
1272:
798:
767:
751:
407:
354:
91:
561:
693:
589:, a hundred men-at-arms, and a hundred archers, left Hennebont to join Artois.
534:
426:
233:
154:
596:
and Treziguidy. The besiegers had to retreat in the face of resistance led by
449:'s autonomy, and increased a crisis which culminated in the alleged murder of
437:, taking control of the Duchy by 1156. Between 1189 and 1204, the Plantagenet
1370:
1352:
1339:
701:
697:
171:
715:, Edward described the city as "the best city in Brittany after the city of
180:
914:
by some supporters of Montfort, enemies of the King of France at the time.
882:
816:
592:
The assault on the ramparts of Vannes occurred on three sides by Artois,
739:
403:
38:
545:, governor of the city, who had favoured Jean de Montfort. escaped to
734:
assembled a 50,000-man army under the command of his son, the future
705:
546:
1079:
Pocquet du Haut-Jussé (1928). Faculté des Lettres de Rennes (ed.).
812:
446:
75:
1195:. Les Rois qui ont fait la France (in French). Paris: Pygmalion.
974:
Bernard, Merdignac (2009). Édition Ouest-France (ed.). "Review".
911:
550:
505:
209:
149:
124:
464:
1319:
Olivier de Clisson, connétable de France, grand seigneur breton
906:
873:
and his counsellors suspected Clisson of having intrigued with
835:
831:
738:. This army advanced into Brittany and halted near the town of
716:
686:
682:
678:
662:
625:
530:
509:
430:
425:
In the 12th century, the Plantagenets reigned Brittany and the
371:
79:
71:
44:
878:
665:
for treatment. Vannes was returned to the control of Blois.
838:), he also constructed his new ducal residence there – the
374:
that occurred throughout 1342. Two rival claimants to the
845:
864:
had been the military governor of Vannes on the side of
727:, was also taken prisoner by the defenders of the city.
1330:(in French). Vannes: Société polymathique du Morbihan.
1078:
1271:
Frélaut, Bertrand (2000). Jean-Paul Gisserot (ed.).
418:
In the beginning of the 14th century, the Sovereign
620:in charge of the Anglo-Breton garrison. In turn,
429:benefited from conflicts between the counties of
1368:
263:
802:Second enclosure of the eastern walls of Vannes
1325:
1120:
1118:
1042:
978:. Histoire des provinces. Rennes: 125, 40–41.
489:, half-brother of John III, both claimed the
465:Competing ducal claimants in the 14th century
249:
99:Presentation of the city to the papal legates
1295:Topographie Historique de la Ville de Vannes
1254:Vannes: Histoire et géographie contemporaine
1212:Le Temps de la Guerre de Cent Ans: 1328-1453
778:regulated the question of the succession of
370:were a series of four sieges of the town of
1115:
1308:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
1234:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
894:in Paris, and his head was exposed on the
854:The execution of Olivier IV of Clisson by
256:
242:
1187:
1154:
1136:
1124:
1074:
1072:
849:
797:
635:
560:
524:
481:, husband of the niece of the late Duke
1316:
1291:
1270:
1251:
1242:
1172:
1160:
1148:
1097:
1063:
1030:
1009:
973:
917:
826:From 1365, under the authority of Duke
496:In the larger geographical scheme, the
1369:
1277:(in French). Les Universels Gisserot.
1059:
1057:
1055:
1053:
1051:
1026:
1024:
1022:
1020:
1018:
846:The execution of Olivier IV of Clisson
386:, competed for Vannes throughout this
1069:
910:were eventually rescued and taken to
785:
745:
237:
1209:
1109:
1005:
1003:
1001:
999:
997:
995:
976:La Bretagne des origines Ă nos jours
453:. This was further complicated when
1245:La Guerre de Succession de Bretagne
1193:Charles VI: Le roi fol et bien-aimé
1048:
1015:
600:. At night, Artois, accompanied by
13:
1256:(in French). Éditions Palantines.
602:William Montagu, Earl of Salisbury
16:Siege during One Hundred Years War
14:
1428:
1243:Cassard, Jean-Christophe (2006).
1214:(in French). Vol. 1. Paris.
1210:Bove, Boris (2009). Belin (ed.).
992:
1377:Sieges of the Hundred Years' War
1100:, chapitre II: Seconde enclosure
673:Learning of the loss of Vannes,
515:
208:
199:
189:
179:
170:
153:
144:
128:
119:
37:
1326:Thomas-Lacroix, Pierre (1982).
1181:
1166:
1142:
1130:
1103:
949:
770:, who installed governors. For
668:
624:and Yves de Trésiguidy went to
556:
1292:Le Mené, Joseph-Marie (1897).
1091:
1036:
967:
940:
928:
631:
520:
1:
961:
881:, Olivier IV was executed by
1412:War of the Breton Succession
1402:Military history of Brittany
761:
402:, signed in January 1343 in
267:War of the Breton Succession
31:War of the Breton Succession
7:
1252:Chaudré, Christian (2006).
10:
1433:
1317:Richard, Philippe (2007).
756:truce signed in Malestroit
500:itself was engaged in the
413:
439:Richard Ist the Lionheart
275:
219:
164:
107:
54:
36:
28:
23:
922:
877:. Drawn by treachery to
406:. Saved by an appeal of
368:sieges of Vannes of 1342
725:Ralph, Earl of Stafford
655:Robert II of Beaumanoir
892:scaffold of Montfaucon
888:sinister-looking forks
858:
803:
647:
566:
565:Second siege of Vannes
543:Geoffrey of Malestroit
537:
441:and then his brother,
165:Commanders and leaders
1392:Edward III of England
1033:, pp. 217, 22–25
1012:, pp. 124, 34–36
875:Edward III of England
862:Olivier IV de Clisson
853:
801:
675:Edward III of England
641:Edward III of England
639:
598:Olivier IV de Clisson
583:Guillaume of Cadoudal
564:
528:
445:opposed attempts for
220:Casualties and losses
214:Olivier IV de Clisson
1298:(in French). Galles.
918:Notes and references
903:Jeanne de Belleville
901:Olivier IV's widow,
645:Robert III of Artois
609:control of Monfort.
483:Jeanne de Penthievre
185:Robert III of Artois
1407:History of Morbihan
1349: /
1085:Annales de Bretagne
1043:Thomas-Lacroix 1982
871:Philip IV of France
840:castle of l'Hermine
821:Estates of Brittany
732:Philip VI of France
571:Robert III d'Artois
455:Philip II of France
96:Truce of Malestroit
49:Guillaume Fillastre
1353:47.6667°N 2.7667°W
1274:Histoire de Vannes
1189:Bordonove, Georges
946:also named Kenfort
859:
804:
793:treaty of Guérande
786:English occupation
776:decree of Conflans
746:Papal intervention
692:At the same time,
648:
587:Yves of Trésiguidy
575:Joanna of Flanders
567:
538:
502:Hundred Years' War
451:Arthur of Brittany
134:Kingdom of England
1397:Conflicts in 1342
1221:978-2-7011-3361-4
1202:978-2-7564-0018-1
985:978-2-7373-4496-1
577:, accompanied by
498:Kingdom of France
457:managed to place
435:Dukes of Brittany
420:Duchy of Brittany
376:Duchy of Brittany
363:
362:
325:Saint-Pol-de-LĂ©on
232:
231:
159:Kingdom of France
103:
102:
1424:
1364:
1363:
1361:
1360:
1359:
1358:47.6667; -2.7667
1354:
1350:
1347:
1346:
1345:
1342:
1331:
1322:
1313:
1307:
1299:
1288:
1267:
1248:
1239:
1233:
1225:
1206:
1176:
1170:
1164:
1158:
1152:
1146:
1140:
1134:
1128:
1122:
1113:
1107:
1101:
1095:
1089:
1088:
1076:
1067:
1061:
1046:
1045:, pp. 32–34
1040:
1034:
1028:
1013:
1007:
990:
989:
971:
956:
953:
947:
944:
938:
932:
866:Charles de Blois
487:Jean de Montfort
479:Charles de Blois
471:Duke of Brittany
384:Charles of Blois
380:John of Montfort
330:La Roche-Derrien
270:
268:
258:
251:
244:
235:
234:
212:
205:Charles of Blois
203:
193:
183:
176:John of Montfort
174:
157:
148:
132:
123:
90:Intervention of
62:4 sieges in 1342
56:
55:
41:
21:
20:
1432:
1431:
1427:
1426:
1425:
1423:
1422:
1421:
1387:1340s in France
1382:1342 in England
1367:
1366:
1357:
1355:
1351:
1348:
1343:
1340:
1338:
1336:
1335:
1328:Le Vieux Vannes
1301:
1300:
1285:
1284:978-2-877475273
1264:
1227:
1226:
1222:
1203:
1184:
1179:
1171:
1167:
1159:
1155:
1147:
1143:
1135:
1131:
1123:
1116:
1108:
1104:
1096:
1092:
1077:
1070:
1062:
1049:
1041:
1037:
1029:
1016:
1008:
993:
986:
972:
968:
964:
959:
954:
950:
945:
941:
933:
929:
925:
920:
848:
788:
768:pope Clement VI
764:
752:Pope Clement VI
750:Two legates of
748:
704:and another to
671:
634:
622:William Montagu
618:Robert d'Artois
559:
529:First siege of
523:
518:
467:
416:
408:Pope Clement VI
364:
359:
271:
266:
264:
262:
207:
188:
178:
152:
143:
127:
118:
98:
94:
92:Pope Clement VI
82:
42:
24:Siege of Vannes
17:
12:
11:
5:
1430:
1420:
1419:
1414:
1409:
1404:
1399:
1394:
1389:
1384:
1379:
1333:
1332:
1323:
1314:
1289:
1283:
1268:
1262:
1249:
1240:
1220:
1207:
1201:
1183:
1180:
1178:
1177:
1165:
1153:
1151:, p. 142.
1141:
1137:Bordonove 2006
1129:
1125:Bordonove 2006
1114:
1112:, p. 131.
1102:
1090:
1068:
1047:
1035:
1014:
991:
984:
965:
963:
960:
958:
957:
948:
939:
926:
924:
921:
919:
916:
896:Sauvetout Gate
847:
844:
787:
784:
763:
760:
747:
744:
694:Louis of Spain
670:
667:
633:
630:
558:
555:
535:Jean de Wavrin
522:
519:
517:
514:
466:
463:
459:Peter Mauclerc
427:House of Anjou
415:
412:
361:
360:
358:
357:
352:
347:
342:
337:
332:
327:
322:
317:
312:
307:
302:
297:
292:
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276:
273:
272:
261:
260:
253:
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222:
221:
217:
216:
197:
167:
166:
162:
161:
136:
110:
109:
105:
104:
101:
100:
88:
84:
83:
70:
68:
64:
63:
60:
52:
51:
34:
33:
26:
25:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1429:
1418:
1415:
1413:
1410:
1408:
1405:
1403:
1400:
1398:
1395:
1393:
1390:
1388:
1385:
1383:
1380:
1378:
1375:
1374:
1372:
1365:
1362:
1329:
1324:
1320:
1315:
1311:
1305:
1297:
1296:
1290:
1286:
1280:
1276:
1275:
1269:
1265:
1263:2-911434-55-2
1259:
1255:
1250:
1246:
1241:
1237:
1231:
1223:
1217:
1213:
1208:
1204:
1198:
1194:
1190:
1186:
1185:
1175:, p. 40.
1174:
1169:
1163:, p. 39.
1162:
1157:
1150:
1145:
1139:, p. 77.
1138:
1133:
1127:, p. 74.
1126:
1121:
1119:
1111:
1106:
1099:
1094:
1086:
1082:
1075:
1073:
1065:
1060:
1058:
1056:
1054:
1052:
1044:
1039:
1032:
1027:
1025:
1023:
1021:
1019:
1011:
1006:
1004:
1002:
1000:
998:
996:
987:
981:
977:
970:
966:
952:
943:
937:
931:
927:
915:
913:
908:
904:
899:
897:
893:
889:
884:
880:
876:
872:
867:
863:
857:
856:Loyset Liédet
852:
843:
841:
837:
833:
829:
824:
822:
818:
814:
810:
809:war continued
800:
796:
794:
783:
781:
777:
773:
769:
759:
757:
753:
743:
741:
737:
733:
728:
726:
720:
718:
714:
709:
707:
703:
699:
698:Antonio Doria
695:
690:
688:
684:
680:
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666:
664:
658:
656:
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646:
642:
638:
629:
627:
623:
619:
615:
610:
607:
603:
599:
595:
590:
588:
584:
580:
576:
572:
563:
554:
552:
548:
544:
536:
532:
527:
516:The year 1342
513:
511:
508:and moved to
507:
503:
499:
494:
492:
488:
484:
480:
476:
472:
462:
460:
456:
452:
448:
444:
440:
436:
432:
428:
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421:
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409:
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401:
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393:
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381:
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353:
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343:
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338:
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331:
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326:
323:
321:
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316:
313:
311:
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40:
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27:
22:
19:
1334:
1327:
1321:(in French).
1318:
1294:
1273:
1253:
1247:(in French).
1244:
1211:
1192:
1182:Bibliography
1173:Richard 2007
1168:
1161:Richard 2007
1156:
1149:Cassard 2006
1144:
1132:
1105:
1098:Le Mené 1897
1093:
1084:
1066:, p. 95
1064:Le Mené 1897
1038:
1031:Chaudré 2006
1010:Frélaut 2000
975:
969:
951:
942:
935:
930:
900:
860:
825:
805:
789:
765:
749:
729:
721:
710:
691:
672:
669:Fourth siege
659:
649:
614:Walter Manny
611:
606:Walter Manny
594:Walter Manny
591:
579:Walter Manny
569:In October,
568:
557:Second siege
539:
495:
468:
424:
417:
367:
365:
280:Champtoceaux
108:Belligerents
29:Part of the
18:
1356: /
817:La Rochelle
730:Meanwhile,
632:Third siege
533:in 1342 by
521:First siege
47:in 1342 by
1371:Categories
1341:47°40′00″N
962:References
616:, leaving
404:Malestroit
335:The Thirty
195:Edward III
1344:2°46′00″W
1304:cite book
1230:cite book
1110:Bove 2009
883:beheading
795:of 1365.
772:Philip VI
762:Aftermath
706:Hennebont
547:Hennebont
461:as Duke.
388:civil war
345:Montmuran
295:Hennebont
138:Party of
113:Party of
43:Siege of
1191:(2006).
1081:"Review"
813:Bordeaux
780:John III
740:Ploërmel
475:John III
447:Brittany
433:and the
394:between
300:Guérande
115:Montfort
76:Brittany
67:Location
912:Morlaix
890:on the
828:John IV
736:John II
713:his son
651:Clisson
551:Carhaix
506:Limoges
414:Context
396:England
320:Cadoret
315:Morlaix
305:Quimper
228:Unknown
225:Unknown
150:Bretons
125:Bretons
1417:Vannes
1281:
1260:
1218:
1199:
982:
907:piracy
836:Nantes
832:Rennes
774:, the
717:Nantes
687:Nantes
683:Vannes
679:Rennes
663:London
626:Rennes
531:Vannes
510:Nantes
485:, and
431:Nantes
400:France
372:Vannes
350:Rennes
340:Mauron
290:Vannes
285:Nantes
87:Result
80:France
72:Vannes
45:Vannes
923:Notes
879:Paris
702:Brest
491:Duchy
392:truce
355:Auray
310:Brest
140:Blois
1310:link
1279:ISBN
1258:ISBN
1236:link
1216:ISBN
1197:ISBN
980:ISBN
815:and
696:and
685:and
643:and
469:The
443:John
398:and
382:and
366:The
59:Date
834:or
689:).
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493:.
473:,
378:,
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