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For We make the law that no
Christian compel them, unwilling or refusing, by violence to come to baptism. But, if any one of them should spontaneously, and for the sake of the faith, fly to the Christians, once his choice has become evident, let him be made a Christian without any calumny. Indeed,
345:" ought to suffer no prejudice. We, out of the meekness of Christian piety, and in keeping in the footprints of Our predecessors of happy memory, the Roman Pontiffs Calixtus, Eugene, Alexander, Clement, admit their petition, and We grant them the buckler of Our protection.
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Besides, in the celebration of their own festivities, no one ought disturb them in any way, with clubs or stones, nor ought any one try to require from them or to extort from them services they do not owe, except for those they have been accustomed from times past to
276:. The Pope emphasized that Jews were entitled to "enjoy their lawful liberty." The Bull said that Jews should be treated equitably and justly, that their property rights should be protected, and that they should keep their own festivals and religious practices.
287:, and to Guifred, bishop of the city, praising them for having prevented the massacre of the Jews in their district, and reminding them that God does not approve of the shedding of blood. In 1065 also, Alexander admonished
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forced Jews to pay half the value of their property in taxes, which was followed by further taxation and then by the expulsion of Jews from
England in 1290. Jews were also expelled from France, Spain, and Portugal.
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If anyone, however, shall attempt, the tenor of this decree once known, to go against it...let him be punished by the vengeance of excommunication, unless he correct his presumption by making equivalent
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Too, no
Christian ought to presume...to injure their persons, or with violence to take their property, or to change the good customs which they have had until now in whatever region they inhabit.
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in relation to the Jews and specified that, although the Jews had not accepted salvation through Christ, and were therefore condemned by God until such time as they accept
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in 1215 decreed that Jews be differentiated from others by their type of clothing to avoid marriage between Jews and
Christians. Jews were sometimes required to wear a
243:, one of the most influential and foundational figures of Catholic theology, preached that the Jews must be protected for their ability to explain the Old Testament.
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he is not considered to possess the true faith of
Christianity who is not recognized to have come to Christian baptism, not spontaneously, but unwillingly.
367:...We decree... that no one ought to dare mutilate or diminish a Jewish cemetery, nor, in order to get money, to exhume bodies once they have been buried.
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264:, Pope Gregory brought Augustine's teachings into Roman law. He published a bull which became the foundation of Catholic
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341:(1159–1181) is the author of the oldest extant version of the bull. Excerpts from a translation of the bull follow:
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317:, usually after stripping them of their property through taxation, was also widespread. For example, in 1229,
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The Church's stated attitude against the mistreatment of Jews goes back to the early Church. Around 400,
144:, during which over five thousand Jews were killed in Europe. The bull forbade Christians, on pain of
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and served as a papal charter of protection to Jews. It was prompted by attacks on Jews by the
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471:: The Church and the Jews II: Popes Gregory I and Leo III; published by iTunes, 2009
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Restrictions on Jews, however, were considered licit. For example, the
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491:. Vol. 14. New York: Robert Appleton Company. Accessed 12 July 2013.
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260:. Around 598, in reaction to anti-Jewish attacks by Christians in
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291:"that the conversion of Jews is not to be obtained by force."
423:"Review: Revisiting Augustine's Doctrine of Jewish Witness"
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136:. The first bull by that name was issued in about 1120 by
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The
Apostolic See and the Jews, Documents: 492–1404
398:, KTAV Publishing, New York. Accessed 12 July 2013.
49:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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534:. New York: Macmillan Company. pp. 231–232.
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390:Deutsch, Gotthard; Jacobs, Joseph (1906).
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256:(590-604) in a letter addressed to the
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334:Jews studying in a synagogue, c.1483
235:Church attitude to treatment of Jews
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407:Simonsohn, Shlomo (1988).
489:The Catholic Encyclopedia
319:King Henry III of England
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501:Catholic Encyclopedia -
552:Catholicism and Judaism
485:"History of Toleration"
427:The Journal of Religion
396:The Jewish Encyclopedia
289:Landulf VI of Benevento
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392:"The Popes"
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229:Nicholas V
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270:salvation
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