4673:
4880:
4524:
4869:
4890:
601:
770:
The biblical text indicates that, when being carried, the table would be covered with a purplish-blue cloth, the loaves and vessels would be placed on the cloth, and another cloth, in scarlet, would be placed over it, with a fine skin being added on top of that. In each sanctuary there was one table, except for the Temple in
Jerusalem, which Chronicles describes as having ten tables within its
46:
4680:
820:, the antiquity of the practice is shown by its mention in the Books of Samuel which textual scholars generally view as predating the priestly source. In the Books of Samuel, Ahimelek is described as asking for an assurance that David's men were in a ritually pure state, namely that they had not been involved in sexual activity with women, before handing over the old showbread;
969:
similar to a grate, with the lowest loaf in each pile resting directly on the table, but with the next loaf resting on the two lowest of the tubes, and so forth up the pile. Presumably a device as complex as this would have been mentioned at least briefly in the Bible had it been a biblical requirement, but it isn't. The table is depicted on the
1145:, but though the Qumran community are portrayed in the Dead Sea Scrolls as viewing the Jerusalem service as having failed to achieve priestly holiness, Philo describes the Therapeutae as deliberately introducing slight differences in their practices from those at the Temple, as a mark of respect for the Temple's showbread.
928:, had flat bottoms/rims, so that they could also be placed on the table. According to the Mishnah, while the new bread was being carried in by the four priests, two other priests would carry in replacement cups of incense, and two further priests would go ahead of them to remove the old cups of incense.
919:
Josephus states that the cakes were placed in two equal piles (rather than rows), as does the
Mishnah, which describes the existence of hollow golden tubes to carry air between the bread, and two golden fork-shaped supports attached to the table, each one to hold up a pile. Josephus also states that
906:
According to some
Mishnaic contributors, the kneading of the dough was done outside the sanctuary, but the baking was done inside, but others state that all the preparations were carried out in the Temple courtyard, and others in the house of Pagi, which according to Maimonides was very close to the
960:
argued that the cups of incense were placed within the gap. These dimensions clearly are too small for the loaves to rest on the table lengthways, and clearly some support would have been needed for them to be piled high upon the table in two distinct piles, which is difficult to reconcile with the
915:
were responsible for baking the showbread, and kept their methods and reasoning secret. The
Mishnah states that to replace the bread, two priests would enter the sanctuary ahead of another four priests carrying the replacement bread; the two priests without the bread would go to the southern end of
769:
The feet of the table are described as having a ring-like enclosure to which four gold rings were fastened, so that rods (made from acacia wood, and covered with gold) could be passed through the rings, and used to make the table portable, in the same manner as the other features of the tabernacle.
968:
extrapolates from this the conclusion that the fork-like supports were set into the floor, two at each end of the table, and the tubes went between the fork-like supports above the table. The Gemara essentially has the view that the supports and tubes formed a complex receptacle for the loaves,
916:
the table, while those with the new bread would go to the northern end, and while the priests at the south removed the old bread from the table, it would be replaced with the new bread by the priests at the northern side, so that the bread would always be present.
1121:
meal discussed in another scroll in the same cave (1QSall); Professor Black suggests that the Qumran community may have considered their regular bread sharing to be an enactment of the
Sabbath division of showbread at the Jerusalem Temple.
1102:, which seem to have regarded themselves as part of the main Jewish body worshipping at the Jerusalem temple, despite being geographically isolated from it, and, in the eyes of later Jewish thought, theologically distinct from it.
824:
view this as suggesting that the showbread was originally a sacrificial meal which was viewed as being shared with the deity, hence the need to be ritually pure, and the bread not being burnt but instead consumed.
1071:
The
Mishnah also speaks of a tradition in which the table with the showbread would be elevated before the pilgrims in the Temple courtyard and the priests would say "See your affection before the Omnipresent."
931:
The
Mishnah argues that after being removed, the old bread was placed on a golden table in the Temple's hall, and then the old incense would be burnt; once this was done, the cakes would be divided, with the
632:, also describe aspects of them. In the Holiness Code, the showbread is described as twelve cakes baked from fine flour, arranged in two rows on a table; each cake was to contain "two tenth parts of an
855:
Like the biblical showbread, the
Babylonians and Assyrians generally laid twelve cakes/loaves, or an integer multiple of twelve cakes/loaves, on tables in front of images of their deities; the number
859:, which is so prominent in the showbread rite, has always borne mysterious religious significance, and with the Assyrian practice of laying out twelve cakes/loaves, was directly connected with the
883:
argues that the loaves were kneaded separately, but baked in pairs; the
Mishnah also states that the loaves were moulded into shape by three different moulds (made from gold, according to
777:
Gold utensils ("dishes, cups, bowls, and pitchers for pouring") were provided for the table, suggesting that other food and drink was served on the table as well as the showbread. The
879:. According to Josephus, the cakes were unleavened and were baked on the Friday before the Sabbath, since the biblical regulations forbade work of any kind during the Sabbath. The
681:
clan had charge of the baking and setting in order of the bread, suggesting that there were secret extra requirements in preparing the bread, known only to the
Kohathites. Since
848:, which refers to the Babylonian cake/bread offerings. In the Israelite case, a number of biblical scholars connect the use of showbread directly to the ancient cult of the
693:, it is possible that the showbread was leavened; however, as they were carried into the inner part of the sanctuary, it is highly probable that they were unleavened.
1056:
argue that they were to cover the showbread. The Mishnah also suggests that the Table could be dismantled into small portions, so that if any part of it ever became
852:, the Ark being seen as the home of the deity, and the bread being an offering of food, ready for consumption whenever the deity chose to make an appearance.
4560:
956:
contributed a dissenting view, according to which there was a gap between the piles of showbread, with the table being 12 Etzba long, and 6 Etzba wide;
936:
getting five of the twelve loaves, and the remainder being divided among the other priests on duty during the previous week. On the occasion of certain
2665:
920:
the frankincense was placed in two golden cups – one on top of each pile; the Mishnah states that a handful of incense was placed in each cup, and the
891:, another while the bread was being baked in the oven, and a third after baking, to protect the shape. The Mishnah describes the loaves as being 10
1978:
4926:
4829:
952:
The majority of contributors to the Mishnah state that the table was of the same dimensions as the loaves – 10 Etzba long, and 5 Etzba wide, but
700:, so that there were always fresh loaves on the table, and those that had started going stale were removed; the biblical text states that the
863:. The Babylonian cakes/bread were also required to be sweet (i.e. unleavened), and like the biblical showbread were baked from wheat flour.
5584:
534:
500:
5512:
1199:
on the same verse – "Bread of the Faces: because it had faces facing this way and that way," "לחם פנים - שיש לו פנים רואים לכאן ולכאן".
633:
5574:
5507:
1945:
4553:
5450:
5420:
4494:
732:
for the showbread was, according to biblical regulations, to be placed in the northern part of the sanctuary, opposite the
465:
101:
5440:
5415:
4919:
4546:
1517:
964:
The Mishnah states that there were 28 ventilation tubes, 14 for each pile, each of which was open at one end only. The
887:, who lived more than a thousand years after the burning of Jerusalem), with one being used while the loaves were just
1893:
527:
771:
5599:
5569:
4735:
876:
61:
1360:
766:
ells high (about 2.3 m × 1.1 m × 1.7 m (8 ft × 4 ft × 6 ft)).
5098:
4912:
4658:
871:
The somewhat scanty biblical details concerning the showbread are complemented by further information given by
4740:
4509:
4499:
1404:
1938:
652:, states that salt was mixed with the frankincense; the frankincense, which the Septuagint refers to as an
1192:
520:
5579:
5187:
4834:
4504:
1416:
982:
875:(a contemporary of Herod's temple), and, over the several centuries after the Temple's destruction, by
435:
239:
215:
5594:
5435:
5174:
3204:
1968:
1125:
There is dispute among scholarly groups as to whether the Qumran community was identifiable with the
1061:
470:
1913:
1476:
1299:
5058:
4422:
2630:
2043:
2006:
1994:
1973:
1864:
307:
944:
occurred on the Sabbath, the old bread wouldn't be divided between the priests until the evening.
5589:
5192:
4883:
4527:
4468:
4402:
4144:
2477:
2048:
2031:
2026:
2021:
1999:
1931:
1898:
1532:
425:
349:
740:
describes the table as being of solid gold, but the Masoretic Text states that it was made from
5564:
5275:
5212:
4893:
2827:
2615:
2016:
809:
395:
205:
5093:
5063:
3664:
3350:
2036:
1164:
933:
696:
The cakes were to be left on the table for a week, and then be replaced with new ones on the
418:
364:
158:
135:
116:
1129:, but scholars do generally agree that there was an association between the Essenes and the
5315:
5182:
3699:
3517:
3033:
2862:
2497:
2492:
2155:
2089:
1195:– "Bread of the Faces: because it had faces," "לחם פנים - שהיה לו פנים", and commentary of
440:
8:
5543:
5270:
5134:
4766:
4602:
4597:
4250:
4240:
3998:
3870:
2099:
2094:
1169:
1159:
849:
789:
785:
621:
581:
297:
225:
1876:
The Scrolls and Christian Origins: Studies in the Jewish Background of the New Testament
1117:
links with the sacred community meal discussed in a scroll from cave 1 (1QSVI), and the
5353:
5260:
4987:
4813:
4104:
3911:
2982:
1392:
821:
778:
562:
475:
331:
121:
93:
5323:
5300:
5290:
5103:
4957:
4478:
4341:
4326:
3430:
3073:
2882:
2776:
2660:
2635:
2185:
2104:
841:
805:
505:
83:
68:
302:
5538:
5533:
5159:
5129:
4839:
4771:
4703:
4644:
4639:
4463:
4412:
4180:
4089:
3921:
3896:
3850:
3840:
3644:
3390:
3234:
3224:
3108:
2721:
2487:
2334:
2211:
2190:
1106:
733:
445:
336:
220:
111:
20:
5043:
1488:
1086:
There is evidence of Jewish groups around the turn of the common era, such as the
704:
were entitled to eat the cakes that had been removed, as long as they did so in a
584:
as an offering to God. An alternative, and more appropriate, translation would be
5445:
5389:
5207:
5083:
4785:
4245:
4154:
4033:
3957:
3880:
3835:
3785:
3547:
3537:
3532:
3527:
3522:
3440:
3435:
3370:
3098:
3078:
2771:
2761:
2548:
2405:
2256:
2011:
1057:
937:
817:
793:
658:
640:; approximately 5 pounds or 2 kg). The biblical regulations specify that cups of
625:
551:
405:
210:
907:
Temple courtyard; no reason is given for these geographic distinctions, but the
588:, since the Bible requires that the bread be constantly in the presence of God (
5502:
5487:
5255:
5239:
5224:
5202:
5124:
4939:
4873:
4794:
4761:
4306:
4129:
4094:
4058:
4028:
3901:
3790:
3619:
3588:
3279:
3264:
3088:
3068:
3043:
2907:
2832:
2801:
2726:
2711:
2216:
2150:
1954:
1889:
1380:
1376:
1372:
1263:
1118:
961:
apparent biblical implication that the loaves were free standing on the table.
912:
832:
practice of offering to their gods a number of different kinds of cakes/bread (
649:
629:
485:
400:
341:
313:
4672:
1484:
1480:
1463:
1459:
1339:
1315:
1311:
1287:
1275:
589:
5558:
5430:
5425:
5333:
5197:
5073:
4967:
4849:
4844:
4808:
4721:
4649:
4607:
4432:
4427:
4361:
4331:
4185:
4018:
3906:
3845:
3830:
3679:
3629:
3578:
3557:
3501:
3496:
3471:
3405:
3400:
3380:
3259:
3123:
3058:
2917:
2857:
2590:
2563:
2482:
2241:
1576:
1327:
1114:
970:
828:
The custom seems to have been widespread in the region, an example being the
813:
748:, with a gold border around the top; the table's dimensions are given as two
708:, as it considered the bread to be holy. The narrative of David's sojourn at
671:
637:
617:
613:
495:
410:
359:
280:
16:
Cakes or loaves of bread which were always present in the Temple in Jerusalem
4538:
3219:
5466:
5295:
5149:
5144:
5139:
5048:
4730:
4442:
4336:
4281:
4200:
4159:
4099:
4023:
4008:
3795:
3415:
3314:
3269:
3214:
2852:
2706:
2655:
2600:
2533:
2518:
2425:
2350:
2329:
2109:
940:
occurring during the Sabbath, there were adjustments made, for example, if
641:
354:
251:
88:
2867:
1858:
5492:
5285:
5280:
5265:
5154:
4473:
4316:
4225:
3993:
3978:
3749:
3744:
3634:
3598:
3593:
3304:
3189:
3118:
3002:
2902:
2897:
2887:
2786:
2756:
2731:
2640:
2502:
2472:
2467:
2175:
2170:
1196:
1130:
1110:
1095:
953:
709:
45:
781:
of the Bible states that the utensils are to be "set in order upon it".
5528:
5497:
5471:
5328:
5229:
5169:
5028:
4962:
4776:
4630:
4588:
4447:
4437:
4175:
4149:
4048:
3983:
3875:
3865:
3729:
3603:
3481:
3410:
3375:
3274:
3184:
3138:
2847:
2842:
2837:
2791:
2701:
2620:
2610:
2538:
2415:
2319:
2266:
2180:
2160:
1918:
941:
884:
788:, there was provision made for the proper exhibition of the showbread.
737:
682:
645:
3023:
5348:
5338:
4982:
4972:
4745:
4311:
4235:
4114:
3926:
3775:
3583:
3486:
3420:
3365:
3345:
3319:
3309:
3239:
3128:
2957:
2822:
2817:
2746:
2670:
2645:
2231:
2195:
2165:
2114:
978:
957:
604:
Illustration of the temple priests replacing the showbread each week.
490:
163:
2962:
5368:
5363:
5358:
5305:
5234:
5108:
5002:
4997:
4992:
4614:
4397:
4392:
4190:
3916:
3860:
3739:
3734:
3719:
3714:
3709:
3704:
3639:
3552:
3329:
3244:
3179:
3143:
3083:
3063:
2997:
2992:
2987:
2967:
2942:
2912:
2892:
2766:
2751:
2675:
2605:
2558:
2400:
2395:
2385:
2281:
2271:
2226:
2129:
2079:
2069:
2064:
1091:
1049:
989:
899:
that were 7 Etzba long; Maimonides gives the same figures but with
872:
792:
plundered the table of showbread from the Second Temple, but under
713:
600:
317:
194:
168:
153:
3425:
580:
which were always present, on a specially-dedicated table, in the
5399:
5394:
5373:
5088:
5068:
5053:
5038:
5007:
4904:
4387:
4366:
4351:
4301:
4260:
4230:
4210:
4063:
4013:
3988:
3962:
3820:
3805:
3800:
3780:
3689:
3659:
3624:
3573:
3491:
3455:
3355:
3289:
3284:
3209:
3153:
3148:
3048:
2952:
2796:
2691:
2430:
2375:
2370:
2365:
2355:
2324:
2314:
2221:
2119:
2074:
1923:
1549:
1154:
993:
921:
880:
829:
697:
573:
189:
184:
148:
5078:
4694:
4417:
4291:
4255:
4220:
4215:
4195:
4134:
4124:
4079:
4003:
3931:
3855:
3815:
3759:
3674:
3654:
3542:
3476:
3445:
3324:
3299:
3254:
3249:
3199:
3174:
3103:
3093:
3053:
3038:
3018:
2937:
2877:
2872:
2736:
2696:
2650:
2625:
2595:
2543:
2528:
2523:
2446:
2390:
2251:
2124:
2084:
1126:
1087:
1065:
1053:
965:
908:
860:
745:
741:
690:
678:
106:
5343:
5164:
5033:
5023:
4977:
4712:
4407:
4382:
4356:
4346:
4321:
4265:
4205:
4119:
4084:
4053:
4043:
4038:
3952:
3947:
3754:
3694:
3684:
3669:
3649:
3450:
3395:
3385:
3360:
3294:
3229:
3194:
3169:
3133:
3113:
2972:
2947:
2781:
2741:
2716:
2553:
2462:
2410:
2380:
2360:
2309:
2286:
2261:
2246:
2236:
2134:
1562:
1188:
1137:
reported that the Therapeutae's central meal was intended to
1134:
1099:
974:
900:
892:
888:
701:
686:
667:
609:
577:
569:
480:
430:
388:
179:
143:
56:
34:
4296:
4286:
4139:
4109:
3810:
3724:
3028:
2977:
2420:
1728:
1109:, a number of Aramaic fragments, found in cave 2, discuss
4679:
3825:
981:'s triumphal procession in 71 CE, which celebrated their
749:
1247:
1245:
1243:
1241:
1239:
1237:
1235:
1233:
1231:
1229:
1227:
1225:
1223:
1221:
1219:
1217:
1215:
1213:
1211:
1209:
1207:
1205:
1143:
holy table set forth in the sacred hall of the temple
1048:
are identified by the Mishnah as being for the wine
620:, but certain sections of the Bible, including the
1202:
644:were to be placed upon the rows of cakes, and the
1659:
1657:
866:
5556:
1979:Jewish-American patronage of Chinese restaurants
612:, the showbread is mentioned exclusively by the
1544:
1542:
19:This article is about bread. For the band, see
1654:
1113:connections to the eating of showbread, which
4920:
4568:
4554:
1939:
1833:
1831:
1687:
1685:
1512:
1510:
1062:regain its ritual purity by washing the parts
528:
1817:
1815:
1539:
1073:
1036:
1023:
1010:
997:
988:As well as the golden cups for the incense,
736:with the altar of incense between them. The
265:Leftovers from the suspensive guilt offering
1888:
689:, and the cakes are not described as being
561:, literally: "Bread of the Faces"), in the
326:Ten gifts given (even) outside of Jerusalem
5513:With a strong hand and an outstretched arm
4927:
4913:
4561:
4547:
1946:
1932:
1914:Jewish Encyclopedia (1901–1906), Showbread
1828:
1682:
1507:
576:context, refers to the cakes or loaves of
535:
521:
372:The property of the foreigner with no heir
5508:Remember the sabbath day, to keep it holy
1812:
996:enumerate several other dishes (singular
355:Coins for redemption of the firstborn son
2058:Religious dietary laws and related terms
599:
1723:
1721:
1081:
723:
5557:
4495:List of foods with religious symbolism
1502:Biblical Theology of the Old Testament
595:
4908:
4542:
1927:
4889:
1718:
812:which mention the showbread are the
466:The mitzvah of sanctifying the Kohen
369:Field not redeemed in a Jubilee year
337:Heave offering of the Levite's tithe
102:The Torah instruction of the Kohanim
5585:Tabernacle and Temples in Jerusalem
5441:Mekhilta of Rabbi Shimon ben Yochai
1074:
1037:
1024:
1011:
998:
555:
501:Contact by a kohen with a dead body
268:Oil from the offering for the leper
13:
4934:
3339:Casseroles and savory baked dishes
3163:Dumplings, pastas and grain dishes
1953:
1892:; et al., eds. (1901–1906). "
895:long, and 5 Etzba wide, with rims/
836:); the Hebrew term for showbread,
685:products were prohibited from the
365:Dedication of property to a priest
14:
5611:
4722:Destruction of Jerusalem Temple (
1907:
245:The ten gifts given in the Temple
5575:Jewish ceremonial food and drink
4888:
4879:
4878:
4867:
4678:
4671:
4523:
4522:
4073:Cheeses and other dairy products
1902:. New York: Funk & Wagnalls.
1883:Temple Theology: An Introduction
666:), having been offered upon the
44:
4736:House of Yahweh (biblical term)
4603:Solomon's Temple (First Temple)
1878:(London, England: Nelson, 1961)
1847:
1803:
1790:
1777:
1764:
1752:
1735:
1702:
1670:
1637:
1625:
1616:
1599:
1587:
1568:
1556:
1524:
1518:Peake's commentary on the Bible
1494:
1469:
1452:
1437:
1422:
1410:
1398:
1386:
1366:
1354:
1345:
903:as the unit rather than Etzba.
877:classical rabbinical literature
840:, is exactly translated by the
491:Bat-Kohen (daughter of a kohen)
89:Redemption of the firstborn son
62:Presumption of priestly descent
29:Part of a series of articles on
4608:Second Temple / Herod's Temple
1333:
1321:
1305:
1293:
1281:
1269:
1257:
1181:
867:In classical Jewish literature
808:, the only source texts among
1:
4741:Replicas of the Jewish Temple
4510:List of restaurants in Israel
4500:List of Jewish cuisine dishes
924:states that the cups, called
677:According to Chronicles, the
292:Four gifts given in Jerusalem
4830:Jerusalem Temple archaeology
4376:Herbs, spices and seasonings
3465:Snacks and other baked goods
1175:
1031:, probably for dipping) and
947:
716:(the priest) gave David the
285:Leftovers of the First Sheaf
7:
4169:Condiments, dips and sauces
1148:
816:and later additions to the
662:), constituted a memorial (
346:First shearing of the sheep
10:
5616:
4835:Temple Warning inscription
4505:List of kosher restaurants
4413:Everything bagel seasoning
810:those comprising the Torah
240:Twenty-four priestly gifts
216:Ishmael ben Elisha HaKohen
18:
5521:
5480:
5459:
5436:Mekhilta of Rabbi Ishmael
5408:
5382:
5314:
5248:
5175:Pillars of fire and cloud
5117:
5016:
4950:
4862:
4822:
4754:
4687:
4669:
4623:
4581:
4574:
4569:Temples in Jewish history
4518:
4487:
4456:
4375:
4274:
4168:
4072:
3971:
3940:
3889:
3768:
3612:
3566:
3510:
3464:
3338:
3162:
3011:
2930:
2810:
2684:
2583:
2576:
2511:
2456:Bagels and similar breads
2455:
2439:
2343:
2302:
2295:
2204:
2143:
2057:
1987:
1969:Ancient Israelite cuisine
1961:
799:
471:Kohanic disqualifications
97:(skin disease and mildew)
4615:Northern Kingdom Temples
4423:Montreal steak seasoning
2631:Flourless chocolate cake
2584:Cakes and sweet pastries
2344:Sephardic/Mizrahi breads
1974:1902 kosher meat boycott
796:a replacement was made.
752:long, one ell wide, and
4575:Temples and other sites
2478:Bagel with cream cheese
1899:The Jewish Encyclopedia
1785:Antiquities of the Jews
1665:Antiquities of the Jews
1533:Antiquities of the Jews
1351:Exodus 25:29 and 37:16.
1005:) and hand-like bowls (
804:Although, according to
350:Foreleg, cheeks and maw
271:Bread from First Fruits
259:Communal peace offering
5600:Christianity and bread
5570:Jewish sacrificial law
5276:Stations of the Exodus
2828:Black and white cookie
1839:The contemplative life
605:
360:Redemption of a donkey
206:Joshua the High Priest
5451:In Antebellum America
5416:Sources and parallels
5064:High Priest of Israel
3665:Jerusalem mixed grill
1165:Eucharistic adoration
603:
117:Beth din shel Kohanim
35:Priesthood in Judaism
3700:Montreal smoked meat
3518:Corned beef sandwich
3034:Carciofi alla giudia
2863:Jewish almond cookie
2498:New York-style bagel
2493:Montreal-style bagel
2090:Kosher by ingredient
1885:(London: SPCK, 2004)
1565:to Leviticus 24:5–9.
1082:Among ancient groups
973:during the emperors
724:The table (shulchan)
459:Miscellaneous topics
5544:Zipporah at the inn
5306:Yam Suph (Reed Sea)
5135:Ark of the Covenant
4767:Ark of the Covenant
4598:Temple in Jerusalem
4251:Spicy brown mustard
3999:Chicken noodle soup
3871:Tuna salad sandwich
2661:New York cheesecake
2100:Kosher for Passover
2095:Kosher airline meal
1919:Showbread Institute
1444:Jewish Encyclopedia
1429:Jewish Encyclopedia
1363:King James Version.
1252:Jewish Encyclopedia
1170:Showbread Institute
1160:Typology (theology)
850:Ark of the Covenant
790:Antiochus Epiphanes
622:Books of Chronicles
596:Biblical references
582:Temple in Jerusalem
226:Phannias ben Samuel
5421:Textual variations
5261:Massah and Meribah
5179:Priestly clothing
5099:Pharaoh's daughter
4874:Judaism portal
4814:Court of the women
4704:Incense offering (
4695:Temple sacrifice (
4659:Elephantine Temple
3912:Kosher dill pickle
3890:Salads and pickles
2983:Pastelitos de hoja
1800:, 1981, pp. 50–54.
1487:et sequentia, and
934:Jewish High Priest
779:King James Version
720:, at his request.
606:
563:King James Version
476:Holy anointing oil
122:Priestly divisions
5580:Positive Mitzvoth
5552:
5551:
5301:Wilderness of Sin
5291:Battle of Refidim
5188:golden head plate
5104:Shiphrah and Puah
4902:
4901:
4858:
4857:
4755:Rooms and objects
4667:
4666:
4536:
4535:
4342:Pomegranate juice
4327:Linden flower tea
3431:Stuffed artichoke
3074:Fried cauliflower
2926:
2925:
2777:Sesame seed candy
2636:Jewish apple cake
2572:
2571:
2186:Michael Solomonov
2105:Kosher restaurant
1871:, ii. 1405 et seq
1796:Michael Pfanner,
1667:, volume 3, 10:7.
1536:, volume 3, 10:7.
1377:2 Chronicles 4:19
1264:1 Chronicles 9:32
1090:community at the
1075:חיבתכם לפני המקום
822:biblical scholars
545:
544:
506:13 Kohanic cities
384:Priestly garments
279:Leftovers of the
262:Fowl sin offering
84:Priestly Blessing
69:Priestly covenant
5607:
5595:Bread in culture
5539:Ten Commandments
5534:Plagues of Egypt
5409:Textual analysis
5160:Incense offering
5130:Ark of bulrushes
4929:
4922:
4915:
4906:
4905:
4892:
4891:
4882:
4881:
4872:
4871:
4870:
4840:Foundation Stone
4772:Tablets of Stone
4752:
4751:
4682:
4675:
4645:Tel Motza temple
4640:Samaritan Temple
4579:
4578:
4563:
4556:
4549:
4540:
4539:
4526:
4525:
4469:Dairy restaurant
4464:Appetizing store
4090:Clarified butter
3941:Vegetable dishes
3922:Pickled cucumber
3851:Smoked whitefish
3841:Schmaltz herring
3391:Ktzitzot Khubeza
3235:Kasha varnishkes
3109:Ktzitzot Khubeza
2722:Halvah ice cream
2581:
2580:
2488:Everything bagel
2440:Ethiopian breads
2303:Ashkenazi breads
2300:
2299:
2212:Apples and honey
2191:Yotam Ottolenghi
1948:
1941:
1934:
1925:
1924:
1903:
1855:Exodus-Leviticus
1842:
1835:
1826:
1823:Dead Sea Scrolls
1819:
1810:
1807:
1801:
1794:
1788:
1787:, volume 3, 6:6.
1781:
1775:
1774:, volume 5, 5:5.
1768:
1762:
1756:
1750:
1739:
1733:
1725:
1716:
1706:
1700:
1689:
1680:
1674:
1668:
1661:
1652:
1641:
1635:
1629:
1623:
1620:
1614:
1603:
1597:
1591:
1585:
1572:
1566:
1560:
1554:
1546:
1537:
1528:
1522:
1514:
1505:
1504:, (1905), 1:168.
1498:
1492:
1473:
1467:
1456:
1450:
1441:
1435:
1433:Books of Samuel.
1426:
1420:
1414:
1408:
1405:1 Maccabees 4:49
1402:
1396:
1393:1 Maccabees 1:23
1390:
1384:
1370:
1364:
1358:
1352:
1349:
1343:
1340:2 Chronicles 4:8
1337:
1331:
1325:
1319:
1309:
1303:
1297:
1291:
1285:
1279:
1273:
1267:
1261:
1255:
1249:
1200:
1185:
1107:Dead Sea Scrolls
1077:
1076:
1040:
1039:
1027:
1026:
1014:
1013:
1001:
1000:
911:argues that the
806:textual scholars
786:Solomon's Temple
765:
764:
760:
757:
672:Leviticus 24:7–9
638:Leviticus 24:5–6
557:
537:
530:
523:
446:Urim and Thummim
298:Firstborn animal
221:Joshua ben Gamla
112:Incense offering
48:
43:
26:
25:
21:Showbread (band)
5615:
5614:
5610:
5609:
5608:
5606:
5605:
5604:
5555:
5554:
5553:
5548:
5517:
5476:
5455:
5446:Song of the Sea
5404:
5378:
5310:
5244:
5113:
5084:Nadab and Abihu
5012:
4946:
4945:
4933:
4903:
4898:
4868:
4866:
4854:
4818:
4788:Boaz and Jachin
4750:
4713:Temple priest (
4683:
4677:
4676:
4663:
4650:Onias' Temple (
4619:
4570:
4567:
4537:
4532:
4514:
4483:
4452:
4371:
4270:
4246:Resek avganiyot
4164:
4155:Strained yogurt
4105:Farmer's cheese
4068:
4034:Matzo ball soup
3972:Soups and stews
3967:
3958:Stuffed cabbage
3936:
3885:
3881:Whitefish salad
3836:Pickled herring
3786:Dressed herring
3764:
3608:
3562:
3548:Sailor sandwich
3528:Pastrami on rye
3523:Hillel sandwich
3506:
3460:
3441:Stuffed peppers
3436:Stuffed cabbage
3371:Jerusalem kugel
3334:
3158:
3099:Keftes de prasa
3079:Fritas de prasa
3007:
2922:
2806:
2772:Poppy seed roll
2680:
2568:
2549:Keftes de prasa
2507:
2451:
2435:
2339:
2291:
2257:Mishloach manot
2205:Religious foods
2200:
2139:
2053:
2027:Mountain Jewish
1983:
1957:
1952:
1910:
1890:Singer, Isidore
1857:, p. 419,
1850:
1845:
1836:
1829:
1821:Matthew Black,
1820:
1813:
1808:
1804:
1795:
1791:
1782:
1778:
1772:The Jewish Wars
1769:
1765:
1757:
1753:
1740:
1736:
1726:
1719:
1707:
1703:
1690:
1683:
1675:
1671:
1662:
1655:
1642:
1638:
1630:
1626:
1621:
1617:
1604:
1600:
1592:
1588:
1573:
1569:
1561:
1557:
1547:
1540:
1529:
1525:
1515:
1508:
1499:
1495:
1474:
1470:
1460:Exodus 19:10–11
1457:
1453:
1442:
1438:
1427:
1423:
1415:
1411:
1403:
1399:
1391:
1387:
1371:
1367:
1359:
1355:
1350:
1346:
1338:
1334:
1326:
1322:
1312:Exodus 25:23–30
1310:
1306:
1298:
1294:
1288:1 Samuel 21:4–6
1286:
1282:
1274:
1270:
1262:
1258:
1250:
1203:
1186:
1182:
1178:
1151:
1084:
1058:ritually impure
983:defeat of Judea
950:
938:Jewish Holidays
869:
818:priestly source
802:
794:Judas Maccabeus
762:
758:
755:
753:
726:
691:offered upon it
659:hapax legomenon
626:Books of Samuel
598:
541:
512:
511:
510:
460:
452:
451:
450:
416:
415:
385:
377:
376:
375:
324:
323:
290:
288:
247:
242:
232:
231:
230:
211:Simeon the Just
201:(Second Temple)
200:
199:
174:
173:
138:
128:
127:
126:
78:
67:
66:
41:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
5613:
5603:
5602:
5597:
5592:
5590:Book of Exodus
5587:
5582:
5577:
5572:
5567:
5550:
5549:
5547:
5546:
5541:
5536:
5531:
5525:
5523:
5519:
5518:
5516:
5515:
5510:
5505:
5503:Eye for an eye
5500:
5495:
5490:
5488:I Am that I Am
5484:
5482:
5478:
5477:
5475:
5474:
5469:
5463:
5461:
5457:
5456:
5454:
5453:
5448:
5443:
5438:
5433:
5428:
5423:
5418:
5412:
5410:
5406:
5405:
5403:
5402:
5397:
5392:
5386:
5384:
5380:
5379:
5377:
5376:
5371:
5366:
5361:
5356:
5351:
5346:
5341:
5336:
5331:
5326:
5320:
5318:
5316:Torah readings
5312:
5311:
5309:
5308:
5303:
5298:
5293:
5288:
5283:
5278:
5273:
5268:
5263:
5258:
5252:
5250:
5246:
5245:
5243:
5242:
5240:Temple menorah
5237:
5232:
5227:
5225:Staff of Moses
5222:
5217:
5216:
5215:
5210:
5205:
5200:
5195:
5190:
5185:
5177:
5172:
5167:
5162:
5157:
5152:
5147:
5142:
5137:
5132:
5127:
5121:
5119:
5115:
5114:
5112:
5111:
5106:
5101:
5096:
5091:
5086:
5081:
5076:
5071:
5066:
5061:
5056:
5051:
5046:
5041:
5036:
5031:
5026:
5020:
5018:
5014:
5013:
5011:
5010:
5005:
5000:
4995:
4990:
4985:
4980:
4975:
4970:
4965:
4960:
4954:
4952:
4948:
4947:
4944:
4943:
4940:Book of Exodus
4935:
4932:
4931:
4924:
4917:
4909:
4900:
4899:
4897:
4896:
4886:
4876:
4863:
4860:
4859:
4856:
4855:
4853:
4852:
4847:
4842:
4837:
4832:
4826:
4824:
4820:
4819:
4817:
4816:
4811:
4806:
4802:Lekhem Hapanim
4797:
4795:Temple menorah
4792:
4783:
4774:
4769:
4764:
4762:Holy of Holies
4758:
4756:
4749:
4748:
4743:
4738:
4733:
4728:
4719:
4710:
4701:
4691:
4689:
4688:Related topics
4685:
4684:
4670:
4668:
4665:
4664:
4662:
4661:
4656:
4647:
4642:
4637:
4627:
4625:
4621:
4620:
4618:
4617:
4612:
4611:
4610:
4605:
4595:
4585:
4583:
4576:
4572:
4571:
4566:
4565:
4558:
4551:
4543:
4534:
4533:
4531:
4530:
4519:
4516:
4515:
4513:
4512:
4507:
4502:
4497:
4491:
4489:
4485:
4484:
4482:
4481:
4476:
4471:
4466:
4460:
4458:
4454:
4453:
4451:
4450:
4445:
4440:
4435:
4430:
4425:
4420:
4415:
4410:
4405:
4400:
4395:
4390:
4385:
4379:
4377:
4373:
4372:
4370:
4369:
4364:
4359:
4354:
4349:
4344:
4339:
4334:
4329:
4324:
4319:
4314:
4309:
4304:
4299:
4294:
4289:
4284:
4278:
4276:
4272:
4271:
4269:
4268:
4263:
4258:
4253:
4248:
4243:
4238:
4233:
4228:
4223:
4218:
4213:
4208:
4203:
4198:
4193:
4188:
4183:
4178:
4172:
4170:
4166:
4165:
4163:
4162:
4157:
4152:
4147:
4142:
4137:
4132:
4127:
4122:
4117:
4112:
4107:
4102:
4097:
4095:Cottage cheese
4092:
4087:
4082:
4076:
4074:
4070:
4069:
4067:
4066:
4061:
4056:
4051:
4046:
4041:
4036:
4031:
4029:Hamusta kubbeh
4026:
4021:
4016:
4011:
4006:
4001:
3996:
3991:
3986:
3981:
3975:
3973:
3969:
3968:
3966:
3965:
3960:
3955:
3950:
3944:
3942:
3938:
3937:
3935:
3934:
3929:
3924:
3919:
3914:
3909:
3904:
3902:Eggplant salad
3899:
3893:
3891:
3887:
3886:
3884:
3883:
3878:
3873:
3868:
3863:
3858:
3853:
3848:
3843:
3838:
3833:
3828:
3823:
3818:
3813:
3808:
3803:
3798:
3793:
3791:Fish and chips
3788:
3783:
3778:
3772:
3770:
3766:
3765:
3763:
3762:
3757:
3752:
3747:
3742:
3737:
3732:
3727:
3722:
3717:
3712:
3707:
3702:
3697:
3692:
3687:
3682:
3677:
3672:
3667:
3662:
3657:
3652:
3647:
3642:
3637:
3632:
3627:
3622:
3616:
3614:
3610:
3609:
3607:
3606:
3601:
3596:
3591:
3589:Hardboiled egg
3586:
3581:
3576:
3570:
3568:
3564:
3563:
3561:
3560:
3555:
3550:
3545:
3540:
3535:
3530:
3525:
3520:
3514:
3512:
3508:
3507:
3505:
3504:
3499:
3494:
3489:
3484:
3479:
3474:
3468:
3466:
3462:
3461:
3459:
3458:
3453:
3448:
3443:
3438:
3433:
3428:
3423:
3418:
3413:
3408:
3403:
3398:
3393:
3388:
3383:
3378:
3373:
3368:
3363:
3358:
3353:
3348:
3342:
3340:
3336:
3335:
3333:
3332:
3327:
3322:
3317:
3312:
3307:
3302:
3297:
3292:
3287:
3282:
3277:
3272:
3267:
3265:Macaroni hamin
3262:
3257:
3252:
3247:
3242:
3237:
3232:
3227:
3222:
3217:
3212:
3207:
3202:
3197:
3192:
3187:
3182:
3177:
3172:
3166:
3164:
3160:
3159:
3157:
3156:
3151:
3146:
3141:
3136:
3131:
3126:
3121:
3116:
3111:
3106:
3101:
3096:
3091:
3089:Jelly doughnut
3086:
3081:
3076:
3071:
3069:Fish and chips
3066:
3061:
3056:
3051:
3046:
3044:Corn schnitzel
3041:
3036:
3031:
3026:
3021:
3015:
3013:
3009:
3008:
3006:
3005:
3000:
2995:
2990:
2985:
2980:
2975:
2970:
2965:
2960:
2955:
2950:
2945:
2940:
2934:
2932:
2928:
2927:
2924:
2923:
2921:
2920:
2915:
2910:
2908:Rainbow cookie
2905:
2900:
2895:
2890:
2885:
2880:
2875:
2870:
2865:
2860:
2855:
2850:
2845:
2840:
2835:
2833:Chinese cookie
2830:
2825:
2820:
2814:
2812:
2808:
2807:
2805:
2804:
2802:Streuselkuchen
2799:
2794:
2789:
2784:
2779:
2774:
2769:
2764:
2759:
2754:
2749:
2744:
2739:
2734:
2729:
2727:Jordan almonds
2724:
2719:
2714:
2712:Carrot pudding
2709:
2704:
2699:
2694:
2688:
2686:
2685:Other desserts
2682:
2681:
2679:
2678:
2673:
2668:
2663:
2658:
2653:
2648:
2643:
2638:
2633:
2628:
2623:
2618:
2613:
2608:
2603:
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2151:Ron Ben-Israel
2147:
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2141:
2140:
2138:
2137:
2132:
2127:
2122:
2117:
2112:
2107:
2102:
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2014:
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2004:
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2002:
1991:
1989:
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1955:Jewish cuisine
1951:
1950:
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1928:
1922:
1921:
1916:
1909:
1908:External links
1906:
1905:
1904:
1886:
1879:
1872:
1869:Handwörterbuch
1862:
1849:
1846:
1844:
1843:
1827:
1811:
1809:Menahot 29a.9.
1802:
1798:Der Titusbogen
1789:
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1751:
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1332:
1320:
1304:
1292:
1280:
1276:Leviticus 2:11
1268:
1256:
1201:
1187:Commentary of
1179:
1177:
1174:
1173:
1172:
1167:
1162:
1157:
1150:
1147:
1111:eschatological
1083:
1080:
1060:, it could be
949:
946:
913:House of Garmu
868:
865:
801:
798:
725:
722:
712:mentions that
702:Jewish priests
650:Masoretic Text
648:, but not the
630:Books of Kings
597:
594:
586:presence bread
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342:Dough offering
339:
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332:Heave offering
328:
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314:thank offering
310:
308:Burnt offering
305:
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294:
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256:Guilt offering
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15:
9:
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5565:Jewish breads
5563:
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5213:undergarments
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4851:
4850:Temple denial
4848:
4846:
4845:Magdala stone
4843:
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4638:
4636:
4634:
4631:High places (
4629:
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4609:
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4604:
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4498:
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4492:
4490:
4488:Related lists
4486:
4480:
4477:
4475:
4472:
4470:
4467:
4465:
4462:
4461:
4459:
4455:
4449:
4446:
4444:
4441:
4439:
4436:
4434:
4433:Nigella seeds
4431:
4429:
4428:Licorice root
4426:
4424:
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4419:
4416:
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4411:
4409:
4406:
4404:
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4391:
4389:
4386:
4384:
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4380:
4378:
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4368:
4365:
4363:
4362:Vodka Perfect
4360:
4358:
4355:
4353:
4350:
4348:
4345:
4343:
4340:
4338:
4335:
4333:
4332:Mint lemonade
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4186:Baba ghanoush
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4019:Ghormeh sabzi
4017:
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4012:
4010:
4007:
4005:
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4000:
3997:
3995:
3992:
3990:
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3907:Israeli salad
3905:
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3900:
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3847:
3846:Smoked salmon
3844:
3842:
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3834:
3832:
3831:Pescado frito
3829:
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3648:
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3638:
3636:
3633:
3631:
3630:Chopped liver
3628:
3626:
3623:
3621:
3618:
3617:
3615:
3611:
3605:
3602:
3600:
3597:
3595:
3592:
3590:
3587:
3585:
3582:
3580:
3579:Fatoot samneh
3577:
3575:
3572:
3571:
3569:
3565:
3559:
3558:Tuna sandwich
3556:
3554:
3551:
3549:
3546:
3544:
3541:
3539:
3536:
3534:
3531:
3529:
3526:
3524:
3521:
3519:
3516:
3515:
3513:
3509:
3503:
3502:Stuffed dates
3500:
3498:
3497:Shkedei marak
3495:
3493:
3490:
3488:
3485:
3483:
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3475:
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3419:
3417:
3414:
3412:
3409:
3407:
3406:Matzo lasagna
3404:
3402:
3401:Lokshen kugel
3399:
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3389:
3387:
3384:
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3261:
3260:Lokshen kugel
3258:
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3253:
3251:
3248:
3246:
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3150:
3147:
3145:
3142:
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3137:
3135:
3132:
3130:
3127:
3125:
3124:Noodle latkes
3122:
3120:
3117:
3115:
3112:
3110:
3107:
3105:
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3097:
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3070:
3067:
3065:
3062:
3060:
3059:Fatoot samneh
3057:
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3045:
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2919:
2918:Tahini cookie
2916:
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2911:
2909:
2906:
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2899:
2896:
2894:
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2889:
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2884:
2883:Linzer cookie
2881:
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2871:
2869:
2866:
2864:
2861:
2859:
2858:Honey buttons
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2669:
2667:
2666:Pan d'Espanya
2664:
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2617:
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2609:
2607:
2604:
2602:
2599:
2597:
2594:
2592:
2591:Apple strudel
2589:
2588:
2586:
2582:
2579:
2575:
2565:
2564:Noodle latkes
2562:
2560:
2557:
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2552:
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2445:
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2438:
2432:
2431:Water challah
2429:
2427:
2424:
2422:
2419:
2417:
2414:
2412:
2409:
2407:
2404:
2402:
2399:
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2379:
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2372:
2369:
2367:
2364:
2362:
2359:
2357:
2354:
2352:
2349:
2348:
2346:
2342:
2336:
2333:
2331:
2328:
2326:
2323:
2321:
2318:
2316:
2313:
2311:
2308:
2307:
2305:
2301:
2298:
2294:
2288:
2285:
2283:
2280:
2278:
2275:
2273:
2270:
2268:
2265:
2263:
2260:
2258:
2255:
2253:
2250:
2248:
2245:
2243:
2242:Hanukkah gelt
2240:
2238:
2235:
2233:
2230:
2228:
2225:
2223:
2220:
2218:
2215:
2213:
2210:
2209:
2207:
2203:
2197:
2194:
2192:
2189:
2187:
2184:
2182:
2179:
2177:
2174:
2172:
2169:
2167:
2164:
2162:
2159:
2157:
2156:Laura Frankel
2154:
2152:
2149:
2148:
2146:
2142:
2136:
2133:
2131:
2128:
2126:
2123:
2121:
2118:
2116:
2113:
2111:
2108:
2106:
2103:
2101:
2098:
2096:
2093:
2091:
2088:
2086:
2083:
2081:
2078:
2076:
2073:
2071:
2068:
2066:
2063:
2062:
2060:
2056:
2050:
2047:
2045:
2042:
2038:
2035:
2033:
2030:
2028:
2025:
2023:
2020:
2019:
2018:
2015:
2013:
2010:
2008:
2005:
2001:
1998:
1997:
1996:
1993:
1992:
1990:
1986:
1980:
1977:
1975:
1972:
1970:
1967:
1966:
1964:
1960:
1956:
1949:
1944:
1942:
1937:
1935:
1930:
1929:
1926:
1920:
1917:
1915:
1912:
1911:
1901:
1900:
1895:
1891:
1887:
1884:
1880:
1877:
1873:
1870:
1866:
1863:
1860:
1856:
1853:B. Baentsch,
1852:
1851:
1840:
1834:
1832:
1824:
1818:
1816:
1806:
1799:
1793:
1786:
1780:
1773:
1767:
1760:
1755:
1748:
1744:
1743:Mishneh Torah
1738:
1732:
1730:
1724:
1722:
1714:
1710:
1705:
1698:
1694:
1693:Mishneh Torah
1688:
1686:
1678:
1673:
1666:
1660:
1658:
1650:
1646:
1645:Mishneh Torah
1640:
1633:
1628:
1619:
1612:
1608:
1607:Mishneh Torah
1602:
1595:
1590:
1583:
1579:
1578:
1577:Mishneh Torah
1571:
1564:
1559:
1552:
1551:
1545:
1543:
1535:
1534:
1527:
1521:
1519:
1513:
1511:
1503:
1497:
1490:
1486:
1482:
1481:Jeremiah 7:18
1478:
1472:
1465:
1461:
1455:
1449:
1445:
1440:
1434:
1430:
1425:
1419:et sequentia.
1418:
1417:1 Samuel 21:1
1413:
1406:
1401:
1394:
1389:
1382:
1378:
1374:
1369:
1362:
1357:
1348:
1341:
1336:
1329:
1328:Numbers 4:7–8
1324:
1317:
1313:
1308:
1301:
1296:
1289:
1284:
1277:
1272:
1265:
1260:
1253:
1248:
1246:
1244:
1242:
1240:
1238:
1236:
1234:
1232:
1230:
1228:
1226:
1224:
1222:
1220:
1218:
1216:
1214:
1212:
1210:
1208:
1206:
1198:
1194:
1190:
1184:
1180:
1171:
1168:
1166:
1163:
1161:
1158:
1156:
1153:
1152:
1146:
1144:
1140:
1136:
1132:
1128:
1123:
1120:
1116:
1115:Matthew Black
1112:
1108:
1103:
1101:
1097:
1093:
1089:
1079:
1069:
1067:
1063:
1059:
1055:
1051:
1047:
1043:
1034:
1030:
1021:
1018:), including
1017:
1008:
1004:
995:
991:
986:
984:
980:
976:
972:
971:Arch of Titus
967:
962:
959:
955:
945:
943:
939:
935:
929:
927:
923:
917:
914:
910:
904:
902:
898:
894:
890:
886:
882:
878:
874:
864:
862:
858:
853:
851:
847:
843:
839:
838:Lehem haPanim
835:
831:
826:
823:
819:
815:
814:Holiness Code
811:
807:
797:
795:
791:
787:
782:
780:
775:
773:
767:
751:
747:
743:
739:
735:
731:
728:The table or
721:
719:
715:
711:
707:
703:
699:
694:
692:
688:
684:
680:
675:
673:
669:
665:
661:
660:
655:
651:
647:
643:
639:
635:
631:
627:
623:
619:
618:Holiness Code
615:
614:Priestly Code
611:
602:
593:
591:
587:
583:
579:
575:
571:
567:
564:
560:
559:Leḥem haPānīm
553:
549:
538:
533:
531:
526:
524:
519:
518:
516:
515:
507:
504:
502:
499:
497:
496:Sons of Zadok
494:
492:
489:
487:
484:
482:
479:
477:
474:
472:
469:
467:
464:
463:
456:
455:
447:
444:
442:
439:
437:
434:
432:
429:
427:
424:
423:
421:
420:
412:
409:
407:
404:
402:
399:
397:
396:Undergarments
394:
393:
391:
390:
381:
380:
371:
368:
366:
363:
361:
358:
356:
353:
351:
348:
345:
343:
340:
338:
335:
333:
330:
329:
327:
319:
315:
312:Parts of the
311:
309:
306:
304:
301:
299:
296:
295:
293:
284:
282:
281:meal offering
278:
276:
273:
270:
267:
264:
261:
258:
255:
253:
250:
249:
246:
241:
236:
235:
227:
224:
222:
219:
217:
214:
212:
209:
207:
204:
203:
196:
193:
191:
188:
186:
183:
181:
178:
177:
170:
167:
165:
162:
160:
157:
155:
152:
150:
147:
145:
142:
141:
137:
132:
131:
123:
120:
118:
115:
113:
110:
108:
105:
103:
100:
98:
96:
92:
90:
87:
85:
82:
81:
74:
73:
70:
63:
60:
58:
55:
54:
52:
51:
47:
40:
39:
36:
33:
32:
28:
27:
22:
5467:Nash Papyrus
5219:
5150:Burning bush
5145:Bronze laver
5140:Asherah pole
4938:
4801:
4799:
4787:
4778:
4777:Mercy seat (
4731:Third Temple
4723:
4714:
4705:
4696:
4651:
4632:
4590:
4589:Tabernacle (
4443:Sesame seeds
4337:Manischewitz
4201:Filfel chuma
4160:Tzfat cheese
4100:Cream cheese
4009:Chamo kubbeh
3796:Gefilte fish
3416:Potato kugel
3315:Soup mandels
3215:Gefilte fish
2853:Hamantaschen
2656:Linzer torte
2534:Cheese latke
2519:Pesaha Appam
2426:Taboon bread
2330:Pumpernickel
2276:
2110:Kosher-style
1897:
1882:
1875:
1868:
1854:
1848:Bibliography
1841:, pp. 81–82.
1838:
1822:
1805:
1797:
1792:
1784:
1779:
1771:
1766:
1758:
1754:
1746:
1742:
1741:Maimonides,
1737:
1727:
1712:
1708:
1704:
1696:
1692:
1691:Maimonides,
1676:
1672:
1664:
1648:
1644:
1643:Maimonides,
1639:
1631:
1627:
1618:
1610:
1606:
1605:Maimonides,
1601:
1593:
1589:
1581:
1575:
1574:Maimonides,
1570:
1558:
1548:
1531:
1526:
1516:
1501:
1496:
1477:Isaiah 65:11
1471:
1454:
1447:
1443:
1439:
1432:
1428:
1424:
1412:
1400:
1388:
1373:1 Kings 7:48
1368:
1356:
1347:
1335:
1323:
1307:
1300:Exodus 26:35
1295:
1283:
1271:
1259:
1251:
1193:Exodus 25:30
1183:
1142:
1138:
1124:
1104:
1085:
1070:
1045:
1041:
1032:
1028:
1019:
1015:
1006:
1002:
987:
963:
951:
930:
925:
918:
905:
896:
870:
856:
854:
845:
837:
833:
827:
803:
783:
776:
768:
729:
727:
717:
705:
695:
676:
663:
657:
653:
642:frankincense
636:" of flour (
607:
590:Exodus 25:30
585:
565:
558:
547:
546:
417:
387:
325:
303:First fruits
291:
274:
252:Sin offering
244:
136:High Priests
94:
5493:Baal-zephon
5460:Manuscripts
5286:Pi-Ramesses
5281:Pi-HaHiroth
5271:Mount Sinai
5266:Mount Horeb
5183:breastplate
5155:Golden calf
5125:Aaron's rod
4823:Archaeology
4800:Showbread (
4624:Other sites
4408:Dried onion
4317:Grape juice
4307:Dr. Brown's
4226:Horseradish
3994:Chamo kubbe
3979:Adom kubbeh
3769:Fish dishes
3750:Shish taouk
3745:Shish kebab
3635:Corned beef
3613:Meat dishes
3599:Matzoquiles
3594:Matzah brei
3305:Shirin polo
3280:Orez Shu'it
3190:Egg noodles
3119:Matzah brei
3012:Fried foods
2903:Marunchinos
2898:Mandelbread
2787:Sponge cake
2757:Marunchinos
2732:Kogel mogel
2641:Krantz cake
2616:Coffee cake
2503:Pizza bagel
2473:Bagel toast
2468:Bagel Bites
2176:Ruth Reichl
2171:Joan Nathan
1881:M. Barker,
1489:Baruch 6:26
1361:Exodus 40:4
1197:Nachmanides
1131:Therapeutae
1096:Therapeutae
1025:מְנַקִּיָּה
1020:mənaqqiyyoṯ
1009:, singular
954:Rabbi Akiva
608:Within the
486:Aaron's rod
441:Breastplate
419:High Priest
389:All Priests
320:'s offering
5559:Categories
5529:The Exodus
5498:El Shaddai
5472:Papyrus 18
5230:Tabernacle
5170:Mercy seat
5029:Israelites
4724:Tisha B'Av
4652:Beit Honyo
4438:Poppy seed
4231:Mikpah Ful
4176:Applesauce
4150:Sour cream
4049:Sanbat wat
3984:Avgolemono
3876:Vorschmack
3866:Tuna salad
3730:Sanbat wat
3604:Shakshouka
3567:Egg dishes
3511:Sandwiches
3482:Khachapuri
3376:Karniyarik
3275:Matzo ball
3220:Germknödel
3185:Dampfnudel
3139:Sufganiyot
2848:Hadji bada
2843:Duvshaniot
2838:Egg kichel
2792:Sufganiyot
2702:Bambalouni
2621:Crumb cake
2611:Cheesecake
2539:Chremslach
2416:Pain petri
2320:Onion roll
2267:Pain petri
2181:Eyal Shani
2161:Ina Garten
1874:M. Black,
1783:Josephus,
1770:Josephus,
1663:Josephus,
1622:Men. 11:2.
1530:Josephus,
1448:showbread.
1105:Among the
1094:, and the
1052:, but the
1035:(singular
1029:mənaqqiyyā
1022:(singular
942:Yom Kippur
885:Maimonides
830:Babylonian
738:Septuagint
718:holy bread
706:holy place
646:Septuagint
5349:Mishpatim
5339:Beshalach
5220:Showbread
4786:Pillars (
4746:Synagogue
4312:Egg cream
4275:Beverages
4236:Muhammara
4115:Kashkaval
3927:Tabbouleh
3776:Abudaraho
3584:Haminados
3487:Pitzuchim
3421:Potatonik
3366:Holishkes
3346:Almadrote
3320:Tabbouleh
3310:Shlishkes
3240:Kneidlach
3129:Potatonik
2958:Chebureki
2893:Macaroons
2868:Jødekager
2823:Biscochos
2818:Alfajores
2671:Plum cake
2646:Kugelhopf
2335:Rye Bread
2277:Showbread
2232:Dabo kolo
2196:Molly Yeh
2166:Gil Marks
2115:Mashgiach
2007:Ethiopian
1995:Ashkenazi
1894:Showbread
1859:Göttingen
1825:, p. 110.
1679:94b, 96a.
1176:Footnotes
1119:Messianic
1050:libations
990:Exodus 29
979:Vespasian
958:Abba Saul
948:The table
846:akal pânu
772:sanctuary
679:Kohathite
654:anamnesis
566:shewbread
556:לחם הפנים
548:Showbread
275:Showbread
164:Ahimelech
107:Sacrifice
5390:Priestly
5369:Vayakhel
5364:Ki Tissa
5359:Tetzaveh
5235:Tefillin
5109:Zipporah
4951:Chapters
4884:Category
4528:Category
4457:Eateries
4403:Consommé
4398:Cinnamon
4393:Cardamom
4191:Charoset
3917:Matbucha
3861:Tunafish
3740:Schmaltz
3735:Shawarma
3720:Pastrami
3715:Pastirma
3710:Pastilla
3705:Pargiyot
3640:Gribenes
3553:Shawarma
3330:Vareniki
3245:Kreplach
3180:Couscous
3144:Teiglach
3084:Gribenes
3064:Fazuelos
2998:Sambusak
2993:Pirozhki
2988:Pastilla
2968:Hojaldre
2943:Bourekas
2931:Pastries
2913:Rugelach
2888:Ma'amoul
2767:Mofletta
2752:Marzipan
2676:Rugelach
2606:Basbousa
2559:Mofletta
2512:Pancakes
2401:Manakish
2396:Malawach
2386:Lahmacun
2282:Teiglach
2272:Pekalach
2227:Charoset
2130:Shechita
2080:Kitniyot
2070:Hechsher
2065:Fleishig
2049:Yemenite
2044:Sephardi
2032:Moroccan
2022:Bukharan
2000:American
1677:Menahot,
1632:Menahot,
1316:37:10–16
1149:See also
1092:Dead Sea
992:and the
873:Josephus
842:Assyrian
714:Ahimelek
683:leavened
670:to God (
570:Biblical
436:Frontlet
318:Nazirite
195:Jehoiada
169:Abiathar
154:Phinehas
95:Tzaraath
5481:Phrases
5400:Elohist
5395:Jahwist
5383:Sources
5374:Pekudei
5354:Terumah
5329:Va'eira
5118:Objects
5094:Pharaoh
5089:Oholiab
5069:Ithamar
5054:Gershom
5044:Eliezer
5039:Bezalel
4894:Commons
4779:Kaporet
4706:Ketoret
4591:Mishkan
4582:Temples
4448:Za'atar
4388:Baharat
4352:Seltzer
4302:Cel-Ray
4261:Tatbila
4241:Mustard
4211:Harissa
4145:Smetana
4064:Tarator
4059:Sofrito
4014:Cholent
3989:Borscht
3963:Tzimmes
3821:Lakerda
3806:Herring
3801:Gravlax
3781:Chraime
3690:Merguez
3660:Hot dog
3625:Cholent
3620:Brisket
3574:Beitzah
3492:Pretzel
3456:Yapchik
3356:Cholent
3351:Brisket
3290:Pierogi
3285:Pelmeni
3210:Freekeh
3154:Tulumba
3149:Torrija
3049:Falafel
3024:Buñuelo
2953:Bulemas
2811:Cookies
2797:Strudel
2692:Baklava
2406:Markook
2376:Lachooh
2371:Kubaneh
2366:Jachnun
2356:Challah
2325:Pletzel
2315:Challah
2222:Challah
2217:Brisket
2120:Milchig
2075:Kashrut
2017:Mizrahi
2012:Israeli
1962:History
1861:, 1900;
1837:Philo,
1759:Menahot
1713:Menahot
1709:Tosefta
1596:, 11:4.
1594:Menahot
1550:Menahot
1500:Stade,
1155:Challah
1139:emulate
1127:Essenes
1054:Targums
1044:); the
999:קְעָרָה
994:Mishnah
926:bezikin
922:Tosefta
881:Mishnah
844:phrase
761:⁄
734:Menorah
730:shulḥan
698:Sabbath
664:azkarah
568:, in a
190:Hilkiah
185:Shallum
149:Eleazar
5522:Events
5324:Shemot
5249:Places
5208:turban
5079:Miriam
5059:Jethro
5017:People
4697:Korban
4633:Bamoth
4479:Kosher
4418:Hawaij
4357:Tallah
4292:Boukha
4256:Tahini
4221:Hummus
4216:Hilbeh
4196:Chrain
4135:Sirene
4125:Labneh
4080:Akkawi
4004:Chamin
3932:Torshi
3856:Tarama
3816:Kipper
3760:Tagine
3680:Kishka
3675:Kibbeh
3655:Helzel
3543:Sabich
3538:Reuben
3533:Rachel
3477:Bissli
3451:Yakhna
3446:Tagine
3381:Kishka
3325:Tahdig
3300:Ptitim
3255:Kubbeh
3250:Kibbeh
3205:Fideos
3200:Farfel
3175:Bulgur
3104:Kibbeh
3094:Keftes
3054:Fatoot
3039:Churro
3019:Blintz
2963:Flódni
2938:Bichak
2878:Kipfel
2873:Kichel
2747:Malabi
2737:Krembo
2697:Ashure
2651:Lekach
2626:Dobosh
2596:Atayef
2577:Sweets
2544:Keftes
2529:Blintz
2524:Atayef
2447:Injera
2391:Lavash
2296:Breads
2125:Pareve
2085:Kosher
2037:Syrian
1749:: 5:5.
1699:: 5:2.
1651:: 5:4.
1613:: 5:9.
1584:: 5:8.
1375:, cf.
1088:Qumran
1066:Mikvah
1046:qəśwoṯ
1033:qəśwoṯ
1007:kappoṯ
1003:qəʿārā
966:Gemara
909:Gemara
861:Zodiac
857:twelve
800:Origin
746:gilded
742:acacia
628:, and
574:Jewish
552:Hebrew
406:Turban
42:
5344:Yitro
5256:Egypt
5203:tunic
5165:Manna
5074:Marah
5034:Aaron
5024:Moses
5008:38–40
5003:35–38
4998:30–34
4993:27–30
4988:25–27
4983:21–24
4978:18–20
4973:13–17
4968:10–13
4809:Altar
4715:Kohen
4383:Anise
4347:Salep
4322:Kedem
4266:Zhoug
4206:Harif
4130:Quark
4120:Kefir
4085:Ayran
4054:Schav
4044:Poike
4039:Msoki
4024:Gondi
3953:Dolma
3948:Bamia
3755:Sujuk
3695:Miltz
3685:Kofta
3670:Kebab
3650:Hamin
3645:Gondi
3472:Bamba
3426:Sólet
3396:Kugel
3386:Knish
3361:Hamin
3295:Pilaf
3270:Manti
3230:Kasha
3225:Gondi
3195:Dolma
3170:Bsisa
3134:Sfinj
3114:Latke
2973:Knish
2948:Boyoz
2782:Sfinj
2762:Milky
2742:Lokum
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