38:
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other half. Therefore, it aspires to become reunited with it. The soul can only reach felicity again when it is united with its celestial part, which has remained in heaven. He holds that the soul should seek felicity by detaching itself from its tenebrous body and worldly matters and access the world of immaterial lights. The souls of the gnostics and saints, after leaving the body, ascend even above the angelic world to enjoy proximity to the
Supreme Light, which is the only absolute Reality.
1007:
1599:, Lagrasse: Verdier, 1986. (Corbin's translation of the Prologue and the Second Part (The Divine Lights), together with the introduction of Shams al-Din al-Shahrazuri and liberal extracts from the commentaries of Qutb al-Din al-Shirazi and Mulla Sadra. Published after Corbin's death, this copiously annotated translation gives to the reader without Arabic immediate access to al-Suhrawardi's illuminationist method and language)
733:
1359:), and—as we have said elsewhere—divine light will further bestow upon him the cloak of royal power and value. Such a person shall then become the natural ruler of the universe. He shall be given aid from the high heavens, and whatever he commands shall be obeyed; and his dreams and inspirations will reach their uppermost, perfect pinnacle."
1375:
since Sheykh Ishraq was not translated into
Western languages in the medieval period, Europeans had little knowledge about Suhrawardi and his philosophy. His school is ignored even now by later scholars. Sheykh Ishraq tried to pose a new perspective on questions like the question of Existence. He not
1806:
Henry Corbin, "The Voyage and the
Messenger: Iran and Philosophy", North Atlantic Books, 1998. pg XLV: "There was among the ancient Persians a community of people guided by God who thus walked the true way, worthy Sage-Philosophers, with no resemblance to the Magi (Dualists). It is their precious
1417:
has analyzed
Suhrawardi's works to figure out the elements of philosophy as a way of life. As she holds, the priority of practical reason to theoretical reason, the emphasis on intuition, taking philosophy as a practice of attaining optional death, and proposing ways to heal mental diseases may well
1187:
There was among the ancient
Persians a community of people guided by God who thus walked the true way, worthy Sage-Philosophers, with no resemblance to the Magi (Dualists). It is their precious philosophy of Light, the same as that to which the mystical experience of Plato and his predecessors bear
1104:
Suhrawardi considers a previous existence for every soul in the angelic realm before its descent to the realm of the body. The soul is divided into two parts, one remains in heaven and the other descends into the dungeon of the body. The human soul is always sad because it has been divorced from its
1404:
There are different and contradictory views regarding the character of
Suhrawardi's school. Some scholars such as Hossein Ziai believe that the most important aspects of his thought are his logic and critique of the peripatetic conception of definitions. On the other hand, scholars like Mehdi Hairi
1557:, Persian texts edited with introduction in Persian by S.H. Nasr, introduction in French by H. Corbin, Tehran: Imperial Iranian Academy of Philosophy, and Paris: Adrien Maisonneuve, 1977. (Only the metaphysics of the three texts in Vol. I were published.) Vol. III contains a Persian version of the
1196:
Suhrawardi uses pre-Islamic
Iranian gnosis, synthesizing it with Greek and Islamic wisdom. The main influence from pre-Islamic Iranian thought on Suhrawardi is in the realm of angelology and cosmology. He believed that the ancient Persians' wisdom was shared by Greek philosophers such as Plato as
1379:
According to John
Walbridge, Suhrawardi's critique on peripatetic philosophy can be counted as an important turning point for his successors. Suhrawardi tried to criticize Avicennism in a new approach. Although Suhrawardi first was a pioneer of peripatetic philosophy, he later became a Platonist
2179:, Albany, NY: State University of New York Press. (An original work on epistemology by a contemporary Iranian philosopher drawing critical comparisons between certain Islamic and Western philosophers; incorporates the best exposition in a Western language of al-Suhrawardi's theory of knowledge.)
841:
described
Suhrawardi as the "Reviver of the Traces of the Pahlavi (Iranian) Sages", and Suhrawardi, in his magnum opus "The Philosophy of Illumination", thought of himself as a reviver or resuscitator of the ancient tradition of Persian wisdom. Suhrawardi provided a new Platonic critique of the
1973:
Edward Craig, Routledge
Encyclopedia of Philosophy, "al-Suhrawardi, Shihab al-Din Yahya (1154-91)" Routledge 1998. Excerpt: "Shihab al-Din Yahya ibn Habash ibn Amirak Abu’l-Futuh al-Suhrawardi, known as al-Maqtul (the Slain One) in reference to his execution, and usually referred to as Shaykh
1716:"Suhrawardi considered himself to be the reviver of the perennial wisdom, philosophia perennis, or what he calls Hikmat al-khalidah or Hikmat al-atiqa which existed always among the Hindus, Persians, Babylonians, Egyptians, and the ancient Greeks up to the time of Plato." Paths and Havens,
1097:). The fundamental of his philosophy is pure immaterial light, where nothing is manifest, and which unfolds from the Light of Lights in a descending order of ever-diminishing intensity and, through complex interaction, gives rise to a "horizontal" array of lights, similar in conception to
1987:
Donald M. Borchert, Encyclopedia of Philosophy, Vol. 9 Gale / Cengage Learning 2nd. Edition, 2006. "suhraward ̄i, (1155 or 1156–1191)" Excerpt: "Shihab al-Din Suhrawardi is one of the best known, innovative, yet controversial Persian philosophers in the history of philosophy in
2078:
Hossein Ziai, "The book of radiance", Mazda Publisher, 1998. pg 84-85. Note that Ziai, whose extensive studies establish Suhrawardi as a rationalist thinker rather than an "Oriental mystic" translates the word Hikmat (wisdom) as "philosophy" rather than "wisdom," as is more
1197:
well as by the Egyptian Hermes and considered his philosophy of illumination a rediscovery of this ancient wisdom. According to Nasr, Suhrawardi provides an important link between the thought of pre-Islamic and post-Islamic Iran and a harmonious synthesis between the two. And
1362:و هر که حکمت بداند و بر سپاس و تقدیس نور الانوار مداومت نماید، او را خرّه کیانی بدهند و فرّ نورانی ببخشند، و بارقی الاهی او را کسوت هیبت و بهاء بپوشاند و رئیس طبیعی شود عالم را، و او را از عالم اعلا نصرت رسد و سخن او در عالم علوی مسموع باشد، و خواب و الهام او به کمال رسد.»
1405:
and Sayyid Jalal Addin Ashtiyyani, believe that Suhrawardi remained within the framework of peripatetic and neo-Avicennian philosophy. Mehdi Amin Razavi criticizes both these groups for ignoring the mystical dimension of Suhrawardi's writings. In turn, scholars such as
1883:, New Ed., vol. 9: 782-784. Quote: "AL-SUHRAWARDI, SHIHAB AL-DIN YAHYA b. Habash b. Amirak, Abu'1-Futuh, well known Persian innovative philosopher-scientist, and founder of an independent, non-Aristotelian philosophical school named the "Philosophy of Illumination" (
37:
1921:”, State University of New York Press, 1999. Excerpt: “Suhrawardi, a 12th-century Persian philosopher, was a key figure in the transition of Islamic thought from the neo-Aristotelianism of Avicenna to the mystically oriented philosophy of later centuries.”
4343:
Contemporary Persian and Classical Persian are the same language, but writers since 1900 are classified as contemporary. At one time, Persian was a common cultural language of much of the non-Arabic Islamic world. Today it is the official language of
1101:, that governs mundane reality. In other words, the universe and all levels of existence are but varying degrees of Light—light and darkness. In his division of bodies, he categorizes objects in terms of their reception or non-reception of light.
1943:
Matthew Kapstein, University of Chicago Press, 2004, "The presence of light: divine radiance and religious experience", University of Chicago Press, 2004. pg 285: "the light of lights in the system of the Persian philosopher
1228:
states: "Alwah 'Imadi is one of the most brilliant works of Suhrawardi in which the tales of ancient Persia and the wisdom of gnosis of antiquity in the context of the esoteric meaning of the Quran have been synthesized".
2217:, Atlanta, GA: Scholars Press. (A pioneering study of al-Suhrawardi's logic and epistemology, particularly his criticism of the peripatetic theory of definition; unfortunately this work suffers from sloppy production.)
1955:
Illuminationism or Illuminationist philosophy, first introduced in the 12th century as a complete, reconstructed system distinct both from the Peripatetic philosophy of Avicenna and from theological philosophy.
1075:(Avicenna), Suhrawardi's illuminationist philosophy is critical of several of Ibn Sina's positions and radically departs from him in creating a symbolic language (mainly derived from ancient Iranian culture or
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Iranian thought and the idea of “Decisive Necessity” is believed to be one of the most important innovations in the history of logical philosophical speculation, stressed by the majority of
970:
Suhrawardi was a strong defender of Peripatetic philosophy, until he was influenced by those whom he described as those who "have traveled the path of God", like - as noted by Suhrawardi -
2009:
Henry Corbin. The Voyage and the Messenger. Iran and Philosophy. Containing previous unpublished articles and lectures from 1948 to 1976. North Atlantic Books. Berkeley, California. 1998.
2201:), ed. H. Ziai, Tehran: Institute for Cultural Studies and Research, 1993. (Critical edition of the 13th-century original; Arabic text only, but a useful short introduction in English.)
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His life spanned a period of less than forty years during which he produced a series of works that established him as the founder of a new school of philosophy, called "Illuminism" (
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6104:
1380:
following a mystical experience. He is also considered as the one who revived the ancient wisdom of Persia by his philosophy of Illumination. His followers include other
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2190:, vol. I, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, 1963; repr. Karachi, no date. (Still one of the best short introductions to al-Suhrawardi, particularly useful on the cosmology.)
6079:
1028:
1132:
Suhrawardi's Illuminationist project was to have far-reaching consequences for Islamic philosophy in Shi'ite Iran. His teachings had a strong influence on subsequent
2165:, Paris: Gallimard. (Corbin devoted more of his time to the study of al-Suhrawardi than to any other figure, and this volume represents the essence of his research.)
962:. Other traditions hold that he starved himself to death, others tell that he was suffocated or thrown from the wall of the fortress, then burned by some people.
1535:, Arabic texts edited with introduction in French by H. Corbin, Tehran: Imperial Iranian Academy of Philosophy, and Paris: Adrien Maisonneuve, 1976; vol II: I.
1201:
states: "In northwestern Iran, Sohravardi (d. 1191) carried out the great project of reviving the wisdom or theosophy of ancient pre-Islamic Zoroastrian Iran."
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1553:, Arabic texts edited with introduction in French by H. Corbin, Tehran: Imperial Iranian Academy of Philosophy, and Paris: Adrien Maisonneuve, 1977; vol III:
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philosophy of Light, the same as that to which the mystical experience of Plato and his predecessors bear witness, that we have revived in our book called
1999:
Spiritual Body and Celestial Earth (From Mazdean Iran to Shi'ite Iran), translated from French by Nancy Pearson, Princeton, 1977. (1:Paris, 1960), pg. 54.
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tradition, bearing in mind his mystical spiritual journeys that he considered a necessary prerequisite for understanding his Illuminationist philosophy.
1571:, plus four others. Corbin provides introductions to each treatise, and includes several extracts from commentaries on the texts. W.M. Thackston, Jr,
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1448:("The Temples of Light"), ed. M.A. Abu Rayyan, Cairo: al-Maktaba al-Tijariyyah al-Kubra, 1957. (The Persian version appears in oeuvres vol. III.)
1930:
Seyyed Hossein Nasr, “The need for a sacred science”, SUNY Press, 1993. Pg 158: “Persian philosopher Suhrawardi refers in fact to this land as
1244:
symbolism and his elaborate angelology is also based on Zoroastrian models. The supreme light he calls both by its Quranic and Mazdean names,
6171:
1579:, which eschews all but the most basic annotation; it is therefore less useful than Corbin's translation from a philosophical point of view)
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There are several contradictory reports of his death. The most commonly held view is that he was executed sometime between 1191 and 1208 in
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only caused peripatetic philosophers to confront new questions but also gave new life to the body of philosophy after Avicenna.
5171:
5266:
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1771:
20:
2224:, in S.H. Nasr and O. Leaman (eds) History of Islamic Philosophy, London: Routledge, 434-64. (Biography of al-Suhrawardi.)
1974:
al-Ishraq after his school of Illuminationist philosophy (hikmat al-ishraq), was born in AH 549/AD 1154 in the village of
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821:. The "light" in his "Philosophy of Illumination" is the source of knowledge. He is referred to by the honorific title
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The Cambridge History of Islam:, Volume 2 (1977) edited by P. M. Holt, Ann K. S. Lambton, Bernard Lewis pg 823:
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1585:, ed. A.A. Fayyaz, Tehran: Tehran University Press, 1955. The logic of the Kitab al-talwihat (The Intimations)
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the Phoenician, and also figures in the Persian tradition. His philosophical project aims to revive the lost
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who tried to continue the way of their teacher. Suhrawardi made a distinction between two approaches in his
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view Suhrawardi as a theosophist and focus on the mystical dimension of his work. Viewing in another way,
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1351:) and perseveres in thanking and sanctifying the Light of the Lights, will be endowed with royal glory (
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1575:, London: Octagon Press, 1982, provides an English translation of most of the treatises in vol. III of
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Suhrawardi thought of himself as a reviver or resuscitator of the ancient Persian wisdom. He states in
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be considered the main elements of philosophy as a way of life in Suhrawardi's allegorical treatises.
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Many later philosophers were influenced by the Illuminationist philosophy of Suhrawardi including
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1706:. Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University – via Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy.
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1120:عالم مثال). His views have exerted a powerful influence down to this day, particularly through
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1093:, in which all creation is a successive outflow from the original Supreme Light of Lights (
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2154:, Richmond: Curzon. (Clear and intelligent account of the main principles of his thought.)
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Amin Razavi, M. (1997) Suhrawardi and the School of Illumination, Richmond: Curzon Press.
1612:, edited by John Walbridge and Hossein Ziai, Provo, Brigham Young University Press, 1999.
1225:
1164:
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2106:
Walbridge, J., 'Suhrawardi and Illuminationism' in Adamson and Taylor, 2005, p. 201–223.
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also appears to have influenced Suhrawardi, as its symbols appear in some of his works.
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logicians and philosophers. In the 17th century, it was to initiate an Illuminationist
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818:
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190:
2039:
Henry Corbin. The Man of Light in Iranian Sufism. Omega Publications, New York. 1994.
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The Philosophy of Illumination: A New Critical Edition of the Text of Hikmat Al-Ishraq
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2235:, London: Routledge, 465-96. (General description of the Illuminationist tradition.)
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1679:. Vol. IX (San-Sze) (New ed.). Leiden, Netherlands: Brill. p. 781.
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1567:, Paris: Fayard, 1976, contains translations of most of the texts in vol. III of
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1224:, Zahak, Kay Khusraw and Jamshid are seen as manifestations of the divine light.
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wisdom". which Corbin specifies in various ways as the "project of reviving the
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813:) (1154–1191) was a Persian philosopher and founder of the Iranian school of
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67:
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5251:
2097:
Hosein Nasr, Islamic philosophy from its origin to the present, 2006, p. 86.
1700:
Marcotte, Roxanne (July 24, 2019). "Suhrawardi". In Zalta, Edward N. (ed.).
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The Principles of Epistemology in Islamic Philosophy: Knowledge by Presence
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4518:
4488:
4473:
4353:
4113:
3966:
3946:
3872:
3562:
3458:
3415:
3146:
2420:
1273:
1241:
1168:
1145:
1141:
1121:
867:
850:
that was dominant at his times, and that critique involved the fields of
834:
538:
350:
4918:
6665:
6659:
6630:
6600:
6576:
6536:
6429:
6406:
6400:
6382:
6376:
6196:
6192:
5883:
5803:
5660:
5575:
5439:
5414:
5376:
5366:
5321:
5246:
5236:
5221:
5216:
5186:
5138:
5073:
5043:
4868:
4778:
4553:
4407:
4349:
4053:
3961:
3908:
3443:
2878:
2787:
2738:
2723:
2690:
2638:
2622:
2609:
2552:
2430:
2120:[Philosophy Taken as the Manner of Life by Shaikh al-ʿIshraq].
1385:
1283:
Among pre-Islamic Iranian symbols and concepts used by Suhrawardi are:
1277:
975:
863:
709:
694:
513:
508:
493:
468:
290:
2812:
6912:
6671:
6518:
6342:
6324:
6260:
6219:
5409:
5311:
5286:
5206:
5038:
4908:
4838:
4690:
4685:
3005:
2531:
2340:
2275:
2207:
The Leaven of the Ancients: Suhrawardi and the Heritage of the Greeks
1975:
1919:
The leaven of the ancients: Suhrawardī and the heritage of the Greeks
1863:(Spring 2023 ed.), Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University
1675:
Bosworth, C.E.; van Donzel, E.; Heinrichs, W.P.; Lecomte, G. (1997).
1340:
1332:
1297:
1265:
951:
883:
783:
628:
623:
593:
563:
558:
553:
523:
518:
503:
498:
458:
408:
403:
63:
4363:
2215:
Knowledge and Illumination: a Study of Suhrawardi's Hikmat al-ishraq
1890:
1628:, Translated by W.M. Thackson, Jr., London, The Octagon Press, 1982.
1573:
The Mystical and Visionary Treatises of Shihabuddin Yahya Suhrawardi
1124:’s combined peripatetic and illuminationist description of reality.
1006:
6266:
5753:
5346:
5306:
5211:
4913:
3090:
2797:
2570:
2527:
1221:
1209:
1133:
1072:
985:
It is also apparent that Suhrawardi was strongly influenced by the
899:
879:
847:
787:
573:
473:
4533:
1674:
925:, Suhrawardi "came later to be called the Master of Illumination (
914:
for several years and developed his knowledge while he was there.
5281:
5143:
4833:
3603:
2819:
2743:
2685:
2390:
1473:
1113:
959:
940:
In 1186, at the age of thirty-two, he completed his magnum opus,
855:
719:
618:
613:
543:
528:
483:
428:
413:
393:
365:
330:
305:
270:
225:
782:
transcribed by Sayyid Muhammad Munshi for the library of sultan
16:
Persian philosopher and founder of the school of Illuminationism
5718:
4568:
3250:
3030:
2827:
2593:
2583:
2578:
2522:
2517:
2222:
Shihab al-Din Suhrawardi: Founder of the Illuminationist School
1269:
1137:
986:
947:
689:
684:
679:
674:
578:
441:
375:
285:
250:
173:
81:
6817:
3282:
3015:
2713:
1381:
1174:
971:
911:
851:
398:
360:
300:
275:
260:
255:
235:
230:
220:
206:
166:
103:
100:
96:
4345:
3064:
2961:
907:
895:
370:
325:
310:
265:
1969:
1967:
1811:, and I have had no precursor in the way of such project."
6983:
Scholars of other Sunni Islamic schools of jurisprudence
1396:: one approach is discursive and the other is intuitive.
1192:, and I have had no precursor in the way of such project.
974:
from the Greek tradition, Hermes (Thoth) from Egypt, and
829:"the Murdered Master", in reference to his execution for
46:. Copy created in post-Seljuq Iran, dated 13 October 1220
1825:(in Arabic) (1st ed.). لبنان: دار المعارف الحكمية.
1597:
Le livre de la sagesse orientale: Kitab Hikmat al-Ishraq
1565:
L'Archange empourpré: quinze traités et récits mystiques
1426:
Suhrawardi left over 50 writings in Persian and Arabic.
6010:
2210:, Albany, New York: State University of New York Press.
1964:
1934:, which in Persian means literally utopia, "no-place.”
929:) because his great aim was the renaissance of ancient
30:
Shihāb ad-Dīn Yahya ibn Habash ibn Amirak as-Suhrawardī
2159:
En Islam iranien: aspects spirituels et philosophiques
1366:
1260:(Persian philosophers) as major practitioners of his
898:. He learned wisdom and jurisprudence in the city of
1626:
The Mystical & Visionary Treatises of Suhrawardi
2170:
Suhrawardî et Gibran, prophètes de la Terre astrale
1802:
1800:
1339:With regards to the pre-Islamic Iranian concept of
2248:Translation of the Hayakal al-Nur, at archive.org.
1208:, Suhrawardi offers an esoteric interpretation of
1736:Encyclopaedia of Islam, First Edition (1913-1936)
1188:witness, that we have revived in our book called
7014:
1797:
1399:
902:. His teacher was Majd al-Dīn Jīlī who was also
2346:Inscription of Xerxes the Great in Van Fortress
1144:revival in the figure of the 16th century sage
1112:idea of an independent intermediary world, the
1595:), trans H. Corbin, ed. and intro. C. Jambet,
1190:Illuminationist Philosophy (Hikmat al-'Ishraq)
6165:
4379:
2291:
2088:Hosein Nasr, Three Muslim Sages, 1997, p. 55.
1859:, in Zalta, Edward N.; Nodelman, Uri (eds.),
1729:
755:
2251:
2199:Commentary on the Philosophy of Illumination
1755:
1753:
211:
6179:
1898:The Political Aspects of Islamic Philosophy
1035:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
965:
799:"Shihāb ad-Dīn" Yahya ibn Habash Suhrawardī
6172:
6158:
4386:
4372:
2351:Achaemenid inscription in the Kharg Island
2298:
2284:
1900:, Harvard CMES Publishers, 406 pp., 1992,
1175:Suhrawardi and pre-Islamic Iranian thought
954:teachings and philosophy, by the order of
762:
748:
36:
6460:Shahab al-Din Yahya ibn Habash Suhrawardi
4352:and one of the two official languages of
2152:Suhrawardi and the School of Illumination
2065:
2063:
2061:
2059:
2057:
2055:
2053:
1766:. Harvard University Press. p. 115.
1750:
1620:Shaykh Tosun Bayrak al-Jerrahi al-Halveti
1086:Suhrawardi taught a complex and profound
1055:Learn how and when to remove this message
886:, a village located between the towns of
2118:"فلسفه به مثابه مشی زندگی نزد شیخ اشراق"
2115:
1854:
1699:
1454:("The tablets dedicated to Imad al-Din")
773:
2163:Sohrawardi et les Platoniciens de Perse
2030:, Ashgate Publishing, Ltd., 2006 (p.13)
1861:The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
1759:
1703:The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
1603:
7015:
2305:
2193:al-Shahrazuri, Shams al-Din (c. 1288)
2050:
1809:Oriental Theosophy (Hikmat al-'Ishraq)
1763:The World of Persian Literary Humanism
1280:as possessors of this ancient wisdom.
882:stock, Suhrawardi was born in 1154 in
6153:
6009:
5518:
4610:
4440:
4405:
4393:
4367:
3312:
2483:
2367:
2317:
2279:
2028:Mulla Sadra's transcendent philosophy
1482:("A Day with the Community of Sufis")
2122:Research Quarterly in Islamic Ethics
1850:
1848:
1846:
1844:
1842:
1820:
1668:
1240:, Suhrawardi makes extensive use of
1079:) to give expression to his wisdom (
1033:adding citations to reliable sources
1000:
778:Opening page from the manuscript of
6889:Kanthapuram A. P. Abu Bakr Musliyar
6012:National literatures of Arab states
2263:Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
2231:, in S.H. Nasr and O. Leaman (eds)
1760:Dabashi, Hamid (20 November 2012).
1577:oeuvres philosophiques et mystiques
1569:oeuvres philosophiques et mystiques
1429:
806:
13:
6759:Abd Al-Rahman bin Ahmad al-Zayla`i
1616:The Shape of Light: Hayakal al-Nur
1537:Le Livre de la Théosophie oriental
1516:
1367:Suhrawardi and Illumination school
181:
14:
7089:
7058:12th-century Iranian philosophers
6973:Muhammad Jifri Muthukkoya Thangal
2386:Counsels of Adurbad-e Mahrspandan
2271:Biography at muslimphilosophy.com
2239:
1879:Ziai, H.(1997), “Al-Suhrawardi”,
1839:
1547:Le Symbole de foi des philosophes
1384:and Persian philosophers such as
21:Shihab al-Din 'Umar al-Suhrawardi
6549:Yusuf ibn Abd al-Rahman al-Mizzi
6216:(founder of the school; 767–820)
3313:
1533:Kitab al-mashari' wa'l-motarahat
1005:
731:
7063:Scholars from the Seljuk Empire
4441:
4424:Pre-Islamic Arabic inscriptions
4315:Mohammad Ebrahim Bastani Parizi
3746:Mohammad Hanif (Iranian writer)
2184:Shihab al-Din Suhrawardi Maqtul
2109:
2100:
2091:
2082:
2072:
2033:
2020:
2003:
1991:
1981:
1961:, Volumes XII & XIII. 2004.
1947:
1937:
1924:
1911:
1873:
1651:
1494:("The Chant of Gabriel's Wing")
942:The Philosophy of Illumination.
6865:Cherussery Zainuddeen Musliyar
4524:Harith ibn Hilliza Al-Yashkuri
3386:Mahmoud Mosharraf Azad Tehrani
2406:Karnamak-i Artaxshir-i Papakan
2188:A History of Muslim Philosophy
1814:
1780:
1744:10.1163/2214-871X_ei1_SIM_5495
1723:
1710:
1693:
1593:The Philosophy of Illumination
1355:) and with luminous splendor (
212:
1:
4721:Zufar ibn al-Harith al-Kilabi
4611:
3494:Mohammad-Reza Shafiei Kadkani
2734:Abu'l Hasan Mihyar al-Daylami
2484:
2233:History of Islamic Philosophy
2229:The Illuminationist Tradition
1896:C. E. Butterworth, M. Mahdi,
1661:
1551:Le Récit de l'Exil occidental
1488:("On the State of Childhood")
1400:Scholarly views on Suhrawardi
1343:(glory), Suhrawardi mentions:
1329:(Zoroastrian angel), and the
825:"Master of Illumination" and
6949:Muhammad bin Yahya al-Ninowy
6783:Ahmad Khatib al-Minangkabawi
6736:Abdullah ibn Alawi al-Haddad
6625:Ali ibn Abu Bakr al-Haythami
1466:("The Treatise of the Bird")
1460:("The language of Termites")
1438:("Treatise on Illumination")
1256:). Suhrawardi refers to the
1127:
996:
935:philosophy of ancient Persia
906:’s teacher. He then went to
78:1191 (aged 36–37)
7:
6818:Abd al-Malik Karim Amrullah
6507:Izz al-Din ibn Abd al-Salam
5182:Hamda bint Ziyad al-Muaddib
3197:Mohammad Qoli Salim Tehrani
1632:
1421:
1347:"Whoever knows philosophy (
1220:) in which figures such as
42:Manuscript of Suhrawardi's
10:
7094:
6555:Yusuf bin Ahmad al-Kawneyn
5519:
4716:Yunus al-Katib al-Mughanni
3275:Mirza Mohammad Taqi Sepehr
2368:
2172:, Beyrouth, Albouraq, 2003
2144:
1855:Marcotte, Roxanne (2023),
1561:, ed. and trans. H. Corbin
1506:("On the Reality of Love")
1108:Suhrawardi elaborated the
950:on charges of cultivating
837:, the Persian sage of the
18:
6981:
6943:Ibrahim Khalil al-Bukhari
6845:
6792:
6745:
6728:
6699:
6646:
6563:
6493:
6422:
6363:
6299:
6229:
6206:
6187:
6018:
6005:
5724:Ahmad Abd al-Ghafur Attar
5679:
5531:
5527:
5514:
5463:
5390:
5137:
4749:
4623:
4619:
4606:
4449:
4436:
4414:
4401:
4341:
4297:
4251:
4157:
3983:
3901:
3792:
3683:
3663:
3647:
3591:
3545:
3529:
3499:Mohammad-Hossein Shahriar
3336:
3323:
3319:
3308:
3243:
3208:
3139:
3107:
3042:
3035:Emad al-Din Faqih Kermani
2998:
2871:
2752:
2602:
2510:
2494:
2490:
2479:
2426:Shahrestanha-ye Eranshahr
2376:
2363:
2326:
2313:
1444:al-Suhrawardi (1154–91)
1236:and his main Arabic work
817:, an important school in
790:, dated 1477-8 (882 AH).
146:
136:
131:
127:Sohrevardi, Shihab al-Din
123:
109:
92:
74:
56:
51:
35:
28:
7043:People from Zanjan, Iran
6690:Ali ibn Ahmad al-Samhudi
6589:Ahmad ibn Naqib al-Misri
5114:Ibn al-Qatta' al-Siqilli
3914:Mirza Fatali Akhundzadeh
2957:Zartosht Bahram e Pazhdo
2780:Shahab al-Din Suhrawardi
2676:Fakhruddin As'ad Gurgani
2336:Old Persian inscriptions
2175:Ha'iri Yazdi, M. (1992)
2116:Maftouni, Nadia (2017).
1644:
1512:("The Garden of Hearts")
1480:Ruzi ba Jama'at Sufiyaan
1317:(archetype of species),
1248:(the Supreme Light) and
1161:Ibn Abi Jumhur al-Ahsa'i
966:Influences on Suhrawardi
19:Not to be confused with
7053:12th-century executions
7038:Executed Iranian people
6719:Al-Khaṭib ash-Shirbiniy
6613:Badr Ad-Din az-Zarkashi
6331:Abd al-Jabbar ibn Ahmad
5483:Abdul Qadir al-Baghdadi
4934:Imad ad-Din al-Isfahani
4789:Abu'l-Qasimbal-Maghribi
4574:Uthman ibn al-Huwayrith
4469:Al-Fāriʿah bint Shaddād
4406:
4264:Houshang Moradi Kermani
3868:Houshang Moradi Kermani
3863:Jaafar Modarres-Sadeghi
3848:Mohammad-Ali Jamalzadeh
3759:Zeyn al-Abedin Maraghei
3259:Zayn al-Abidin Shirvani
3233:Abbas Foroughi Bastami
2318:
2204:Walbridge, John (1999)
2186:, in M.M. Sharif (ed.)
2150:Amin Razavi, M. (1997)
873:
6337:Abu Mansur al-Baghdadi
4989:Abu Muhammad al-Anbari
4979:Safiyya al-Baghdadiyya
4494:Al-Nu'man ibn Humaydah
3716:Ghassem Hashemi Nezhad
3267:Reza-Qoli Khan Hedayat
2888:Shams al-Din Qays Razi
2631:Khwaja Abdullah Ansari
2195:Sharh hikmat al-ishraq
1978:in northwestern Iran."
1881:Encyclopaedia of Islam
1821:پناه, يد الله (2022).
1677:Encyclopaedia of Islam
1589:Kitab hikmat al-ishraq
1543:Kitab Hikmat al-ishraq
1486:Fi Halat al-Tufulliyah
1390:Qutb al-Din al-Shirazi
1364:
1295:(messenger, Gabriel),
1194:
1153:Athir al-Din al-Abhari
1069:peripatetic philosophy
795:
186:
7073:Executed philosophers
6907:K. Ali Kutty Musliyar
6901:Mohammad Salim Al-Awa
6654:Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani
6389:Al-Khatib al-Baghdadi
5729:Abdur Rahman Kashgari
5561:Jamil Sidqi al-Zahawi
5262:Al-Mu'tamid ibn Abbad
5079:Al-Raghib al-Isfahani
4641:Abd al-Hamid al-Katib
4631:Al-Akhtal al-Taghlibi
4454:Abu Layla al-Muhalhel
4252:Children's literature
4109:Rasoul Mollagholipour
3999:Rakhshan Bani-E'temad
3942:Gholam-Hossein Sa'edi
3937:Alireza Koushk Jalali
3883:Gholam-Hossein Sa'edi
3769:Shahriyar Mandanipour
3011:Shah Ni'matullah Wali
2855:Kamal al-Din Esfahani
2696:Ayn-al-Quzat Hamadani
2467:Shikand-gumanig Vizar
2450:Anthology of Zadspram
1823:مدخل إلى حكمة الإشراق
1500:("The Red Intellect")
1472:("The Calling of the
1345:
1325:(Zoroastrian angel),
1321:(light in the body),
1287:(incorporeal world),
1264:wisdom and considers
1232:In this Persian work
1185:
777:
185:
147:Period in office
7078:12th-century jurists
7048:Perennial philosophy
7033:Islamic philosophers
6877:Ahmad Syafi'i Maarif
6713:Ibn Hajar al-Haytami
6619:Zain al-Din al-Iraqi
6583:Taqi al-Din al-Subki
6571:Safi al-Din al-Hindi
6543:Safi-ad-din Ardabili
6472:Sayf al-Din al-Amidi
6466:Fakhr al-Din al-Razi
6349:Abu Ishaq al-Shirazi
6285:Abu Hasan al-Ash'ari
6255:Muslim ibn al-Hajjaj
5904:Ahmed Zaki Abu Shadi
5864:Mohamed Said Raihani
5749:Mustafa Wahbi al-Tal
5596:Suleyman al-Boustani
5425:'A'isha al-Ba'uniyya
4974:Ibn Abi Tahir Tayfur
4899:Marwan ibn Abi Hafsa
4879:Abu Mansur al-Azhari
4774:Abu Firas al-Hamdani
4736:Qatari ibn al-Fuja'a
4726:Dhu Jadan al-Himyari
4706:Qutayla ukht al-Nadr
4579:Zuhayr bin Abi Sulma
4484:Al-Khirniq bint Badr
4149:Sohrab Shahid-Saless
4014:Pouran Derakhshandeh
3994:Mohammad Reza Aslani
3932:Amir Reza Koohestani
3691:Ali Mohammad Afghani
3361:Mohammad Reza Aslani
3290:Mahmud Saba Kashani
3026:Fazlallah Astarabadi
2902:Afdal al-Din Kashani
2897:Nasīr al-Dīn al-Tūsī
2847:Fakhr al-Din al-Razi
2729:Afdal al-Din Kashani
2543:Abu Tahir Khosrovani
2331:Behistun Inscription
1959:Encyclopædia Iranica
1604:English translations
1504:Fi Haqiqat al-'Ishaq
1492:Awaz-i Par-i Jebrail
1077:Farhang-e Khosravani
1029:improve this section
904:Fakhr al-Din al-Razi
118:Perennial philosophy
6859:Taha Jabir Alalwani
6824:Muhammad Hamidullah
6684:Zakariyya al-Ansari
6595:Taj al-Din al-Subki
6448:Abu Tahir al-Silafi
5979:Jabra Ibrahim Jabra
5834:Ihsan Abdel Quddous
5566:Ahmad Faris Shidyaq
4949:Abu Nasr al-Jawhari
4824:Baha' al-din Zuhair
4696:Layla al-Akhyaliyya
4564:Samaw'al ibn 'Adiya
4514:Antarah ibn Shaddad
4504:'Amir ibn al-Tufayl
4074:Varuzh Karim-Masihi
3813:Abolhassan Etessami
3731:Mahmoud Dowlatabadi
3583:Abdul Ali Mustaghni
3568:Khalilullah Khalili
3508:Manouchehr Sheybani
3484:Tahereh Saffarzadeh
3391:Mohammad-Taqi Bahar
3348:Mehdi Akhavan-Sales
2990:Zu'l-Fiqar Shirvani
2835:Faramarz-e Khodadad
2421:Shabuhragan of Mani
1622:, Fons Vitae, 1998.
1301:(the lower world),
1291:(corporeal world),
1226:Seyyed Hossein Nasr
1165:Jalal al-Din Davani
6883:Abdul Azeez Madani
6836:Abdullah al-Harari
6765:Ahmad Zayni Dahlan
6319:Al-Hakim Nishapuri
6313:Abu Talib al-Makki
6243:Harith al-Muhasibi
5789:Abdul Rahman Munif
5759:Fayeq Abdul-Jaleel
5734:Muhammad al-Maghut
5709:Ahlam Mosteghanemi
5435:Hamdallah Mustawfi
5400:Ahmad ibn Arabshah
5019:Abu Ahmad Monajjem
4854:Al-Hariri of Basra
4849:Al-Fath ibn Khaqan
4794:Arib al-Ma'muniyya
4731:Dorayd bin Al Soma
4661:Maysun bint Bahdal
4499:'Alqama ibn 'Abada
4419:Namara inscription
4218:Ebrahim Pourdavoud
4203:Ahmad Kamyabi Mask
4173:Najaf Daryabandari
4034:Behrouz Gharibpour
3878:Shahrnush Parsipur
3853:Aboutorab Khosravi
3755:Aboutorab Khosravi
3619:Gulrukhsor Safieva
3537:Edward Haghverdian
3201:Rasa Salim Tehrani
2920:Abu'l Majd Tabrizi
2907:Fakhr-al-Din Iraqi
2563:Abusaeid Abolkheir
2502:Muhammad ibn Wasif
2457:Zand-i Wahman yasn
2416:Dana-i Menog Khrat
2401:Book of Arda Viraf
2307:Persian literature
2252:Roxanne Marcotte.
2246:The Shape of Light
2182:Nasr, S.H. (1983)
2157:Corbin, H. (1971)
1730:van den Bergh, S.
1583:Mantiq al-talwihat
1528:Kitab al-moqawamat
1157:Al-Allama al-Hilli
982:of east and west.
844:peripatetic school
819:Islamic philosophy
807:شهابالدین سهروردی
796:
191:Abdul Qadir Gilani
187:
7010:
7009:
6919:Nuh Ha Mim Keller
6853:Wahbah al-Zuhayli
6806:Abdallah al-Qutbi
6753:Ibrahim al-Bajuri
6147:
6146:
6143:
6142:
6001:
6000:
5997:
5996:
5954:Ibrahim Nasrallah
5914:Ibrahim al-Mazini
5814:Saadallah Wannous
5611:Rifa'a al-Tahtawi
5601:Butrus al-Bustani
5556:Ibrahim al-Yaziji
5510:
5509:
5506:
5505:
5382:Ibn Abi al-Khisal
5267:ibn Hani al-Azdi
5109:Usama ibn Munqidh
5084:Sharif al-Murtaza
5069:Al-Sharif al-Radi
5029:Al-Sarī al-Raffā’
4829:Bashshar ibn Burd
4701:Suraqah al-Bariqi
4651:Hassan ibn Thabit
4602:
4601:
4539:Laila bint Lukaiz
4464:Afira bint 'Abbad
4432:
4431:
4395:Arabic literature
4361:
4360:
4337:
4336:
4333:
4332:
4284:Farhad Hasanzadeh
4223:Hamid Samandarian
4164:Amrollah Abjadian
4129:Fereydoun Rahnema
4094:Mohsen Makhmalbaf
4079:Samuel Khachikian
4064:Ebrahim Hatamikia
3975:Mohammad Yaghoubi
3971:Mirza Aqa Tabrizi
3838:Houshang Golshiri
3751:Houshang Golshiri
3711:Mahshid Amirshahi
3696:Ghazaleh Alizadeh
3679:
3678:
3614:Abolqasem Lahouti
3609:Iskandar Khatloni
3522:Fereydoon Moshiri
3469:Mohammad Mokhtari
3429:Forugh Farrokhzad
3381:Manouchehr Atashi
3304:
3303:
3300:
3299:
3293:
3287:
3279:
3271:
3263:
3255:
3236:
3225:
3188:
3184:Abdul-Qādir Bēdil
3177:
3164:
3156:
3127:
3123:Muhtasham Kashani
3119:
3095:
3087:
3079:
2975:Nozhat al-Majales
2971:
2929:
2916:
2912:Mahmud Shabistari
2879:Abu Tahir Tarsusi
2864:
2851:
2843:
2832:
2824:
2816:
2784:
2765:Suzani Samarqandi
2709:Abu-al-Faraj Runi
2700:
2672:
2664:
2660:Masud Sa'd Salman
2656:
2648:
2635:
2627:
2619:
2575:
2567:
2538:Abu Shakur Balkhi
2475:
2474:
2411:Cube of Zoroaster
2381:Ayadgar-i Zariran
2359:
2358:
2227:Ziai, H. (1996b)
2220:Ziai, H. (1996a)
1917:John Walbridge, “
1885:Ḥikmat al-ʿishraq
1832:978-614-440-247-4
1773:978-0-674-06759-2
1618:, interpreted by
1555:oeuvres en persan
1523:Kitab al-talwihat
1276:, Frashostar and
1181:Hikmat al-'Ishraq
1065:
1064:
1057:
956:al-Malik al-Zahir
823:Shaikh al-ʿIshraq
780:Hikmat al-ʿIshraq
772:
771:
214:Al-Insān al-Kāmil
154:
153:
86:Ayyubid Sultanate
7085:
6800:Yusuf al-Nabhani
6174:
6167:
6160:
6151:
6150:
6007:
6006:
5974:Mourid Barghouti
5929:Nazik Al-Malaika
5859:Abdellatif Laabi
5779:Ghassan Kanafani
5704:Sonallah Ibrahim
5689:Nawal El Saadawi
5616:Abdallah Marrash
5606:Ahmad Zaki Pasha
5586:Qustaki al-Himsi
5529:
5528:
5516:
5515:
5257:Lubna of Córdoba
5162:Maria Alphaizuli
5049:Laylā bint Ṭarīf
4804:Ahmad al-Tifashi
4676:Jarir ibn Atiyah
4671:Suraqa bin Malik
4666:Jamil ibn Ma'mar
4621:
4620:
4608:
4607:
4589:Aktham ibn Saifi
4584:Zuhayr ibn Janab
4438:
4437:
4403:
4402:
4388:
4381:
4374:
4365:
4364:
4305:Aydin Aghdashloo
4134:Rasul Sadr Ameli
4124:Kambuzia Partovi
4084:Abbas Kiarostami
4069:Abdolreza Kahani
4049:Ebrahim Golestan
4029:Farrokh Ghaffari
4024:Bahman Farmanara
3957:Abbas Nalbandian
3833:Ebrahim Golestan
3800:Jalal Al-e-Ahmad
3736:Soudabeh Fazaeli
3634:Mirzo Tursunzoda
3629:Payrav Sulaymoni
3464:Shams Langeroodi
3420:Parviz Eslampour
3376:Aminollah Rezaei
3343:Ahmadreza Ahmadi
3334:
3333:
3321:
3320:
3310:
3309:
3291:
3285:
3277:
3269:
3261:
3253:
3234:
3223:
3192:Naw'i Khabushani
3186:
3175:
3162:
3154:
3125:
3117:
3093:
3085:
3077:
3021:Abu Ali Qalandar
2969:
2927:
2914:
2862:
2849:
2841:
2830:
2822:
2810:
2803:Najm al-Din Razi
2782:
2698:
2670:
2662:
2654:
2646:
2633:
2625:
2617:
2573:
2565:
2492:
2491:
2481:
2480:
2446:Dadestan-i Denig
2365:
2364:
2315:
2314:
2300:
2293:
2286:
2277:
2276:
2267:
2258:Zalta, Edward N.
2213:Ziai, H. (1990)
2138:
2137:
2135:
2133:
2113:
2107:
2104:
2098:
2095:
2089:
2086:
2080:
2076:
2070:
2067:
2048:
2037:
2031:
2026:Muḥammad Kamāl,
2024:
2018:
2007:
2001:
1995:
1989:
1985:
1979:
1971:
1962:
1951:
1945:
1941:
1935:
1928:
1922:
1915:
1909:
1894:
1888:
1877:
1871:
1870:
1869:
1868:
1852:
1837:
1836:
1818:
1812:
1804:
1795:
1784:
1778:
1777:
1757:
1748:
1747:
1727:
1721:
1714:
1708:
1707:
1697:
1691:
1690:
1672:
1655:
1430:Persian writings
1305:(pure essence),
1238:Hikmat al-Ishraq
1071:as developed by
1060:
1053:
1049:
1046:
1040:
1009:
1001:
921:). According to
919:hikmat al-Ishraq
827:Shaikh al-Maqtul
809:, also known as
808:
764:
757:
750:
738:Islam portal
736:
735:
734:
669:Topics in Sufism
341:Sufi metaphysics
217:
216:
176:
170:
169:
156:
155:
124:Other names
44:Hikmat al-Ishraq
40:
26:
25:
7093:
7092:
7088:
7087:
7086:
7084:
7083:
7082:
7013:
7012:
7011:
7006:
6977:
6967:Awn Al-Qaddoumi
6841:
6788:
6777:Uways al-Barawi
6741:
6724:
6695:
6642:
6559:
6531:Ibn Daqiq al-Id
6513:Ahmad al-Badawi
6489:
6454:Ahmed al-Rifa`i
6418:
6359:
6295:
6225:
6202:
6183:
6178:
6148:
6139:
6014:
5993:
5854:Mohammed Bennis
5844:Mohamed Choukri
5784:Ghada al-Samman
5714:Mahmoud Darwish
5675:
5671:Tawfiq al-Hakim
5626:Maryana Marrash
5621:Francis Marrash
5551:Nasif al-Yaziji
5546:Maruf al Rusafi
5523:
5502:
5498:Ahmed Ben Triki
5459:
5386:
5141:
5133:
5094:Yaqut al-Hamawi
4964:Ibn al-Muqaffa'
4944:Yunus ibn Habib
4889:ibn al-Mudabbir
4745:
4711:Waddah al-Yaman
4681:Ka'b bin Zuhayr
4646:Fadl Ashsha'ira
4615:
4598:
4544:Mahd al-Aadiyya
4509:Amr ibn Kulthum
4445:
4428:
4410:
4397:
4392:
4362:
4357:
4329:
4320:Ehsan Yarshater
4293:
4279:Poopak NikTalab
4247:
4238:Ahmad Tafazzoli
4153:
4144:Parviz Shahbazi
4099:Dariush Mehrjui
4059:Abolfazl Jalili
3979:
3897:
3858:Mostafa Mastoor
3823:Simin Daneshvar
3788:
3784:Iraj Pezeshkzad
3779:Mansour Koushan
3726:Simin Daneshvar
3675:
3659:
3643:
3587:
3541:
3525:
3516:She'r-e Nimaa'i
3479:Yadollah Royaee
3454:Siavash Kasraie
3434:Hossein Monzavi
3424:Parvin E'tesami
3411:Hushang Ebtehaj
3401:Simin Behbahani
3356:Qeysar Aminpour
3332:
3315:
3296:
3239:
3229:Neshat Esfahani
3204:
3160:Asir-e Esfahani
3135:
3103:
3038:
2994:
2947:Bahram-e-Pazhdo
2884:Awhadi Maraghai
2867:
2793:Falaki Shirvani
2770:Hassan Ghaznavi
2748:
2744:Mahsati Ganjavi
2704:Uthman Mukhtari
2598:
2506:
2486:
2471:
2462:Drakht-i Asurig
2372:
2355:
2322:
2309:
2304:
2242:
2147:
2142:
2141:
2131:
2129:
2114:
2110:
2105:
2101:
2096:
2092:
2087:
2083:
2077:
2073:
2068:
2051:
2038:
2034:
2025:
2021:
2008:
2004:
1996:
1992:
1986:
1982:
1972:
1965:
1952:
1948:
1942:
1938:
1929:
1925:
1916:
1912:
1895:
1891:
1878:
1874:
1866:
1864:
1853:
1840:
1833:
1819:
1815:
1805:
1798:
1785:
1781:
1774:
1758:
1751:
1732:"al-Suhrawardī"
1728:
1724:
1715:
1711:
1698:
1694:
1687:
1673:
1669:
1664:
1659:
1658:
1652:
1647:
1635:
1606:
1519:
1517:Arabic writings
1510:Bustan al-Qolub
1470:Safir-i Simurgh
1464:Risalat al-Tayr
1432:
1424:
1402:
1394:Illuminationism
1369:
1246:al-nur al-a'zam
1177:
1130:
1067:Arising out of
1061:
1050:
1044:
1041:
1026:
1010:
999:
968:
927:Shaikh-i-Ishraq
876:
815:Illuminationism
768:
732:
730:
725:
724:
670:
662:
661:
642:
634:
633:
604:Haqqani Anjuman
444:
434:
433:
389:
381:
380:
356:Sufi psychology
346:Sufi philosophy
202:
194:
193:, Baghdad, Iraq
172:
171:
160:
159:
116:
114:Illuminationism
88:
79:
70:
61:
47:
31:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
7091:
7081:
7080:
7075:
7070:
7065:
7060:
7055:
7050:
7045:
7040:
7035:
7030:
7025:
7008:
7007:
7005:
7004:
6999:
6994:
6989:
6982:
6979:
6978:
6976:
6975:
6970:
6964:
6961:Afifi al-Akiti
6958:
6952:
6946:
6940:
6937:Umar bin Hafiz
6934:
6928:
6922:
6916:
6910:
6904:
6898:
6895:Naqib al-Attas
6892:
6886:
6880:
6874:
6868:
6862:
6856:
6849:
6847:
6843:
6842:
6840:
6839:
6833:
6827:
6821:
6815:
6809:
6803:
6796:
6794:
6790:
6789:
6787:
6786:
6780:
6774:
6768:
6762:
6756:
6749:
6747:
6743:
6742:
6740:
6739:
6732:
6730:
6726:
6725:
6723:
6722:
6716:
6710:
6709:(1492/93–1565)
6703:
6701:
6697:
6696:
6694:
6693:
6687:
6681:
6675:
6669:
6663:
6657:
6650:
6648:
6644:
6643:
6641:
6640:
6634:
6628:
6622:
6616:
6610:
6604:
6598:
6592:
6586:
6580:
6574:
6567:
6565:
6561:
6560:
6558:
6557:
6552:
6546:
6545:(1252/53–1334)
6540:
6534:
6528:
6522:
6516:
6510:
6504:
6501:Ibn Abil-Hadid
6497:
6495:
6491:
6490:
6488:
6487:
6481:
6475:
6469:
6463:
6457:
6451:
6445:
6444:(1105–c. 1176)
6439:
6436:Al-Shahrastani
6433:
6426:
6424:
6420:
6419:
6417:
6416:
6410:
6404:
6398:
6392:
6386:
6380:
6374:
6367:
6365:
6361:
6360:
6358:
6357:
6352:
6346:
6340:
6334:
6328:
6322:
6316:
6310:
6303:
6301:
6297:
6296:
6294:
6293:
6288:
6282:
6279:Ibn al-Mundhir
6276:
6270:
6264:
6258:
6252:
6246:
6240:
6233:
6231:
6227:
6226:
6224:
6223:
6217:
6210:
6208:
6204:
6203:
6201:
6200:
6188:
6185:
6184:
6181:Shafi'i school
6177:
6176:
6169:
6162:
6154:
6145:
6144:
6141:
6140:
6138:
6137:
6132:
6127:
6122:
6117:
6112:
6107:
6102:
6097:
6092:
6087:
6082:
6077:
6072:
6067:
6062:
6057:
6052:
6051:
6050:
6040:
6035:
6030:
6025:
6019:
6016:
6015:
6003:
6002:
5999:
5998:
5995:
5994:
5992:
5991:
5986:
5984:Samih al-Qasim
5981:
5976:
5971:
5966:
5964:Omar Abu Risha
5961:
5956:
5951:
5946:
5941:
5936:
5931:
5926:
5921:
5916:
5911:
5906:
5901:
5896:
5891:
5889:Youssef Rzouga
5886:
5881:
5876:
5871:
5866:
5861:
5856:
5851:
5849:Leila Abouzeid
5846:
5841:
5839:Alaa Al Aswany
5836:
5831:
5829:Leila Aboulela
5826:
5821:
5816:
5811:
5809:Colette Khoury
5806:
5801:
5796:
5791:
5786:
5781:
5776:
5771:
5766:
5761:
5756:
5751:
5746:
5744:Abbās al-Aqqād
5741:
5736:
5731:
5726:
5721:
5716:
5711:
5706:
5701:
5696:
5694:Naguib Mahfouz
5691:
5685:
5683:
5677:
5676:
5674:
5673:
5668:
5663:
5658:
5653:
5648:
5643:
5638:
5633:
5628:
5623:
5618:
5613:
5608:
5603:
5598:
5593:
5588:
5583:
5578:
5573:
5571:Naoum Mokarzel
5568:
5563:
5558:
5553:
5548:
5543:
5537:
5535:
5525:
5524:
5512:
5511:
5508:
5507:
5504:
5503:
5501:
5500:
5495:
5490:
5485:
5480:
5475:
5469:
5467:
5461:
5460:
5458:
5457:
5455:Al-Qalqashandi
5452:
5447:
5442:
5437:
5432:
5427:
5422:
5417:
5412:
5407:
5402:
5396:
5394:
5388:
5387:
5385:
5384:
5379:
5374:
5372:Ibn al-Kattani
5369:
5364:
5359:
5354:
5349:
5344:
5339:
5334:
5329:
5324:
5319:
5314:
5309:
5304:
5299:
5294:
5289:
5284:
5279:
5274:
5269:
5264:
5259:
5254:
5249:
5244:
5239:
5234:
5229:
5224:
5219:
5214:
5209:
5204:
5199:
5194:
5192:Ibn Abd Rabbih
5189:
5184:
5179:
5174:
5169:
5164:
5159:
5154:
5148:
5146:
5135:
5134:
5132:
5131:
5126:
5121:
5119:Ibn al-Shajari
5116:
5111:
5106:
5101:
5096:
5091:
5086:
5081:
5076:
5071:
5066:
5061:
5056:
5051:
5046:
5041:
5036:
5031:
5026:
5021:
5016:
5011:
5006:
5001:
4996:
4991:
4986:
4981:
4976:
4971:
4966:
4961:
4956:
4951:
4946:
4941:
4939:Rabia of Basra
4936:
4931:
4929:Aban al-Lahiqi
4926:
4921:
4916:
4911:
4906:
4901:
4896:
4891:
4886:
4881:
4876:
4871:
4866:
4861:
4856:
4851:
4846:
4841:
4836:
4831:
4826:
4821:
4816:
4811:
4809:Abu al-Atahiya
4806:
4801:
4796:
4791:
4786:
4781:
4776:
4771:
4769:Ibn al-Mu'tazz
4766:
4761:
4755:
4753:
4747:
4746:
4744:
4743:
4738:
4733:
4728:
4723:
4718:
4713:
4708:
4703:
4698:
4693:
4688:
4683:
4678:
4673:
4668:
4663:
4658:
4656:Ibn Abi Hasina
4653:
4648:
4643:
4638:
4633:
4627:
4625:
4617:
4616:
4604:
4603:
4600:
4599:
4597:
4596:
4591:
4586:
4581:
4576:
4571:
4566:
4561:
4556:
4551:
4546:
4541:
4536:
4531:
4526:
4521:
4516:
4511:
4506:
4501:
4496:
4491:
4486:
4481:
4476:
4471:
4466:
4461:
4456:
4450:
4447:
4446:
4434:
4433:
4430:
4429:
4427:
4426:
4421:
4415:
4412:
4411:
4399:
4398:
4391:
4390:
4383:
4376:
4368:
4359:
4358:
4342:
4339:
4338:
4335:
4334:
4331:
4330:
4328:
4327:
4322:
4317:
4312:
4307:
4301:
4299:
4295:
4294:
4292:
4291:
4289:Ramak NikTalab
4286:
4281:
4276:
4274:Hengameh Mofid
4271:
4269:Babak NikTalab
4266:
4261:
4259:Samad Behrangi
4255:
4253:
4249:
4248:
4246:
4245:
4240:
4235:
4230:
4225:
4220:
4215:
4210:
4205:
4200:
4198:Saleh Hosseini
4195:
4193:Ramak NikTalab
4190:
4188:Sadegh Hedayat
4185:
4180:
4178:Mohammad Ghazi
4175:
4170:
4168:Jaleh Amouzgar
4165:
4161:
4159:
4155:
4154:
4152:
4151:
4146:
4141:
4139:Mohammad Sadri
4136:
4131:
4126:
4121:
4116:
4111:
4106:
4104:Reza Mirkarimi
4101:
4096:
4091:
4086:
4081:
4076:
4071:
4066:
4061:
4056:
4051:
4046:
4041:
4039:Bahman Ghobadi
4036:
4031:
4026:
4021:
4019:Asghar Farhadi
4016:
4011:
4009:Hajir Darioush
4006:
4001:
3996:
3991:
3987:
3985:
3981:
3980:
3978:
3977:
3972:
3969:
3964:
3959:
3954:
3952:Hengameh Mofid
3949:
3944:
3939:
3934:
3929:
3924:
3919:
3918:Mohsen Yalfani
3916:
3911:
3905:
3903:
3899:
3898:
3896:
3895:
3890:
3888:Bahram Sadeghi
3885:
3880:
3875:
3870:
3865:
3860:
3855:
3850:
3845:
3843:Sadegh Hedayat
3840:
3835:
3830:
3828:Nader Ebrahimi
3825:
3820:
3815:
3810:
3805:
3802:
3796:
3794:
3790:
3789:
3787:
3786:
3781:
3776:
3771:
3766:
3761:
3756:
3753:
3748:
3743:
3738:
3733:
3728:
3723:
3718:
3713:
3708:
3706:Reza Amirkhani
3703:
3698:
3693:
3687:
3685:
3681:
3680:
3677:
3676:
3674:
3673:
3671:Muhammad Iqbal
3667:
3665:
3661:
3660:
3658:
3657:
3651:
3649:
3645:
3644:
3642:
3641:
3639:Satim Ulugzade
3636:
3631:
3626:
3621:
3616:
3611:
3606:
3601:
3599:Sadriddin Ayni
3595:
3593:
3589:
3588:
3586:
3585:
3580:
3578:Massoud Nawabi
3575:
3573:Youssof Kohzad
3570:
3565:
3560:
3558:Wasef Bakhtari
3555:
3549:
3547:
3543:
3542:
3540:
3539:
3533:
3531:
3527:
3526:
3524:
3519:
3509:
3506:
3501:
3496:
3491:
3489:Sohrab Sepehri
3486:
3481:
3476:
3474:Nosrat Rahmani
3471:
3466:
3461:
3456:
3451:
3446:
3441:
3436:
3431:
3426:
3421:
3418:
3413:
3408:
3403:
3398:
3393:
3388:
3383:
3378:
3373:
3371:Ahmad NikTalab
3368:
3363:
3358:
3353:
3352:Hormoz Alipour
3350:
3345:
3340:
3338:
3331:
3330:
3327:
3325:
3317:
3316:
3306:
3305:
3302:
3301:
3298:
3297:
3295:
3294:
3288:
3280:
3272:
3264:
3256:
3247:
3245:
3241:
3240:
3238:
3237:
3231:
3226:
3218:
3216:Hatef Esfahani
3212:
3210:
3206:
3205:
3203:
3202:
3199:
3194:
3189:
3181:
3178:
3170:
3165:
3163:(c. 1620–1648)
3157:
3149:
3143:
3141:
3137:
3136:
3134:
3133:
3128:
3120:
3111:
3109:
3105:
3104:
3102:
3101:
3096:
3088:
3080:
3072:
3070:Kamal Khujandi
3067:
3062:
3057:
3052:
3046:
3044:
3040:
3039:
3037:
3036:
3033:
3028:
3023:
3018:
3013:
3008:
3002:
3000:
2996:
2995:
2993:
2992:
2987:
2982:
2980:Khwaju Kermani
2977:
2972:
2964:
2959:
2954:
2949:
2944:
2930:
2922:
2917:
2909:
2904:
2899:
2894:
2889:
2886:
2881:
2875:
2873:
2869:
2868:
2866:
2865:
2857:
2852:
2844:
2839:Nizami Ganjavi
2836:
2833:
2825:
2817:
2805:
2800:
2795:
2790:
2785:
2777:
2772:
2767:
2762:
2756:
2754:
2750:
2749:
2747:
2746:
2741:
2736:
2731:
2726:
2721:
2716:
2711:
2706:
2701:
2693:
2688:
2683:
2678:
2673:
2665:
2657:
2649:
2644:Qatran Tabrizi
2641:
2636:
2628:
2620:
2612:
2606:
2604:
2600:
2599:
2597:
2596:
2591:
2586:
2581:
2576:
2568:
2560:
2555:
2550:
2545:
2540:
2535:
2525:
2520:
2514:
2512:
2508:
2507:
2505:
2504:
2498:
2496:
2488:
2487:
2477:
2476:
2473:
2472:
2470:
2469:
2464:
2459:
2454:
2451:
2448:
2443:
2438:
2433:
2428:
2423:
2418:
2413:
2408:
2403:
2398:
2396:Book of Jamasp
2393:
2388:
2383:
2377:
2374:
2373:
2361:
2360:
2357:
2356:
2354:
2353:
2348:
2343:
2338:
2333:
2327:
2324:
2323:
2311:
2310:
2303:
2302:
2295:
2288:
2280:
2274:
2273:
2268:
2249:
2241:
2240:External links
2238:
2237:
2236:
2225:
2218:
2211:
2202:
2191:
2180:
2173:
2166:
2155:
2146:
2143:
2140:
2139:
2124:(in Persian).
2108:
2099:
2090:
2081:
2071:
2049:
2032:
2019:
2002:
1990:
1980:
1963:
1953:Hossein Ziai.
1946:
1936:
1923:
1910:
1889:
1872:
1838:
1831:
1813:
1796:
1779:
1772:
1749:
1722:
1709:
1692:
1685:
1666:
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1660:
1657:
1656:
1649:
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1643:
1642:
1641:
1634:
1631:
1630:
1629:
1623:
1613:
1605:
1602:
1601:
1600:
1586:
1580:
1562:
1559:Hayakil al-nur
1539:
1530:
1525:
1518:
1515:
1514:
1513:
1507:
1501:
1495:
1489:
1483:
1477:
1467:
1461:
1458:Lughat-i Muran
1455:
1449:
1446:Hayakil al-nur
1442:Hayakal al-Nur
1439:
1431:
1428:
1423:
1420:
1415:Nadia Maftouni
1401:
1398:
1368:
1365:
1258:hukamayya-fars
1176:
1173:
1129:
1126:
1118:ʿalam-i mithal
1114:imaginal world
1099:Platonic forms
1063:
1062:
1013:
1011:
1004:
998:
995:
991:Zoroastrianism
967:
964:
875:
872:
792:Topkapı Palace
770:
769:
767:
766:
759:
752:
744:
741:
740:
727:
726:
723:
722:
717:
712:
707:
702:
697:
692:
687:
682:
677:
671:
668:
667:
664:
663:
660:
659:
654:
652:Notable modern
649:
643:
640:
639:
636:
635:
632:
631:
626:
621:
616:
611:
606:
601:
596:
591:
586:
581:
576:
571:
566:
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556:
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546:
541:
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531:
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511:
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476:
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445:
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436:
435:
432:
431:
426:
421:
416:
411:
406:
401:
396:
390:
387:
386:
383:
382:
379:
378:
373:
368:
363:
358:
353:
348:
343:
338:
336:Sufi cosmology
333:
328:
323:
318:
313:
308:
303:
298:
293:
288:
283:
278:
273:
268:
263:
258:
253:
248:
243:
238:
233:
228:
223:
218:
209:
203:
200:
199:
196:
195:
188:
178:
177:
152:
151:
148:
144:
143:
138:
134:
133:
132:Senior posting
129:
128:
125:
121:
120:
111:
107:
106:
94:
90:
89:
80:
76:
72:
71:
62:
58:
54:
53:
49:
48:
41:
33:
32:
29:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
7090:
7079:
7076:
7074:
7071:
7069:
7066:
7064:
7061:
7059:
7056:
7054:
7051:
7049:
7046:
7044:
7041:
7039:
7036:
7034:
7031:
7029:
7026:
7024:
7021:
7020:
7018:
7003:
7000:
6998:
6995:
6993:
6990:
6988:
6985:
6984:
6980:
6974:
6971:
6968:
6965:
6962:
6959:
6956:
6953:
6950:
6947:
6944:
6941:
6938:
6935:
6932:
6931:Gibril Haddad
6929:
6926:
6923:
6920:
6917:
6914:
6911:
6908:
6905:
6902:
6899:
6896:
6893:
6890:
6887:
6884:
6881:
6878:
6875:
6872:
6871:Hasyim Muzadi
6869:
6866:
6863:
6860:
6857:
6854:
6851:
6850:
6848:
6844:
6837:
6834:
6831:
6830:Ahmed Kuftaro
6828:
6825:
6822:
6819:
6816:
6813:
6810:
6807:
6804:
6801:
6798:
6797:
6795:
6791:
6784:
6781:
6778:
6775:
6772:
6769:
6766:
6763:
6760:
6757:
6754:
6751:
6750:
6748:
6744:
6737:
6734:
6733:
6731:
6727:
6720:
6717:
6714:
6711:
6708:
6705:
6704:
6702:
6698:
6691:
6688:
6685:
6682:
6679:
6678:Al-Qastallani
6676:
6673:
6670:
6667:
6664:
6661:
6658:
6655:
6652:
6651:
6649:
6645:
6638:
6637:Ibn al-Jazari
6635:
6632:
6629:
6626:
6623:
6620:
6617:
6614:
6611:
6608:
6605:
6602:
6599:
6596:
6593:
6590:
6587:
6584:
6581:
6578:
6575:
6572:
6569:
6568:
6566:
6562:
6556:
6553:
6550:
6547:
6544:
6541:
6538:
6535:
6532:
6529:
6526:
6525:Ibn Khallikan
6523:
6520:
6517:
6514:
6511:
6508:
6505:
6502:
6499:
6498:
6496:
6492:
6485:
6482:
6479:
6478:Ibn Abi'l-Dam
6476:
6473:
6470:
6467:
6464:
6461:
6458:
6455:
6452:
6449:
6446:
6443:
6440:
6437:
6434:
6431:
6428:
6427:
6425:
6421:
6414:
6413:Ahmad Ghazali
6411:
6408:
6405:
6402:
6399:
6396:
6393:
6390:
6387:
6384:
6381:
6378:
6375:
6372:
6369:
6368:
6366:
6362:
6356:
6353:
6350:
6347:
6344:
6341:
6338:
6335:
6332:
6329:
6326:
6323:
6320:
6317:
6314:
6311:
6308:
6305:
6304:
6302:
6298:
6292:
6289:
6286:
6283:
6280:
6277:
6274:
6273:Ibn Khuzaymah
6271:
6268:
6265:
6262:
6259:
6256:
6253:
6250:
6247:
6244:
6241:
6238:
6235:
6234:
6232:
6228:
6221:
6218:
6215:
6212:
6211:
6209:
6205:
6198:
6194:
6190:
6189:
6186:
6182:
6175:
6170:
6168:
6163:
6161:
6156:
6155:
6152:
6136:
6133:
6131:
6128:
6126:
6123:
6121:
6118:
6116:
6113:
6111:
6108:
6106:
6103:
6101:
6098:
6096:
6093:
6091:
6088:
6086:
6083:
6081:
6078:
6076:
6073:
6071:
6068:
6066:
6063:
6061:
6058:
6056:
6053:
6049:
6046:
6045:
6044:
6041:
6039:
6036:
6034:
6031:
6029:
6026:
6024:
6021:
6020:
6017:
6013:
6008:
6004:
5990:
5987:
5985:
5982:
5980:
5977:
5975:
5972:
5970:
5969:Yusuf al-Khal
5967:
5965:
5962:
5960:
5959:Elia Abu Madi
5957:
5955:
5952:
5950:
5947:
5945:
5942:
5940:
5937:
5935:
5932:
5930:
5927:
5925:
5922:
5920:
5917:
5915:
5912:
5910:
5907:
5905:
5902:
5900:
5897:
5895:
5892:
5890:
5887:
5885:
5882:
5880:
5877:
5875:
5872:
5870:
5869:Waciny Laredj
5867:
5865:
5862:
5860:
5857:
5855:
5852:
5850:
5847:
5845:
5842:
5840:
5837:
5835:
5832:
5830:
5827:
5825:
5822:
5820:
5819:Zakaria Tamer
5817:
5815:
5812:
5810:
5807:
5805:
5802:
5800:
5797:
5795:
5792:
5790:
5787:
5785:
5782:
5780:
5777:
5775:
5772:
5770:
5769:Ibrahim Tuqan
5767:
5765:
5762:
5760:
5757:
5755:
5752:
5750:
5747:
5745:
5742:
5740:
5739:Nizar Qabbani
5737:
5735:
5732:
5730:
5727:
5725:
5722:
5720:
5717:
5715:
5712:
5710:
5707:
5705:
5702:
5700:
5697:
5695:
5692:
5690:
5687:
5686:
5684:
5682:
5678:
5672:
5669:
5667:
5664:
5662:
5659:
5657:
5654:
5652:
5649:
5647:
5646:Kahlil Gibran
5644:
5642:
5641:Mikhail Naimy
5639:
5637:
5634:
5632:
5631:Hafez Ibrahim
5629:
5627:
5624:
5622:
5619:
5617:
5614:
5612:
5609:
5607:
5604:
5602:
5599:
5597:
5594:
5592:
5589:
5587:
5584:
5582:
5579:
5577:
5574:
5572:
5569:
5567:
5564:
5562:
5559:
5557:
5554:
5552:
5549:
5547:
5544:
5542:
5539:
5538:
5536:
5534:
5530:
5526:
5522:
5517:
5513:
5499:
5496:
5494:
5493:Ibn al-Wannan
5491:
5489:
5486:
5484:
5481:
5479:
5476:
5474:
5471:
5470:
5468:
5466:
5462:
5456:
5453:
5451:
5448:
5446:
5443:
5441:
5438:
5436:
5433:
5431:
5428:
5426:
5423:
5421:
5418:
5416:
5413:
5411:
5408:
5406:
5405:Ibn Al Ouardy
5403:
5401:
5398:
5397:
5395:
5393:
5389:
5383:
5380:
5378:
5375:
5373:
5370:
5368:
5365:
5363:
5362:Ibn al-Yayyab
5360:
5358:
5355:
5353:
5350:
5348:
5345:
5343:
5340:
5338:
5335:
5333:
5330:
5328:
5325:
5323:
5320:
5318:
5315:
5313:
5310:
5308:
5305:
5303:
5300:
5298:
5295:
5293:
5290:
5288:
5285:
5283:
5280:
5278:
5275:
5273:
5270:
5268:
5265:
5263:
5260:
5258:
5255:
5253:
5250:
5248:
5245:
5243:
5240:
5238:
5235:
5233:
5232:Ibn al-Khatib
5230:
5228:
5225:
5223:
5220:
5218:
5215:
5213:
5210:
5208:
5205:
5203:
5202:Ibn al-Zaqqaq
5200:
5198:
5195:
5193:
5190:
5188:
5185:
5183:
5180:
5178:
5175:
5173:
5170:
5168:
5165:
5163:
5160:
5158:
5157:Al-Rumaikiyya
5155:
5153:
5150:
5149:
5147:
5145:
5140:
5136:
5130:
5127:
5125:
5122:
5120:
5117:
5115:
5112:
5110:
5107:
5105:
5102:
5100:
5099:Al Suhrawardi
5097:
5095:
5092:
5090:
5087:
5085:
5082:
5080:
5077:
5075:
5072:
5070:
5067:
5065:
5062:
5060:
5057:
5055:
5052:
5050:
5047:
5045:
5042:
5040:
5037:
5035:
5032:
5030:
5027:
5025:
5022:
5020:
5017:
5015:
5012:
5010:
5007:
5005:
5002:
5000:
4997:
4995:
4994:Ibn al-Anbari
4992:
4990:
4987:
4985:
4982:
4980:
4977:
4975:
4972:
4970:
4967:
4965:
4962:
4960:
4957:
4955:
4952:
4950:
4947:
4945:
4942:
4940:
4937:
4935:
4932:
4930:
4927:
4925:
4922:
4920:
4917:
4915:
4912:
4910:
4907:
4905:
4902:
4900:
4897:
4895:
4892:
4890:
4887:
4885:
4882:
4880:
4877:
4875:
4872:
4870:
4867:
4865:
4862:
4860:
4857:
4855:
4852:
4850:
4847:
4845:
4842:
4840:
4837:
4835:
4832:
4830:
4827:
4825:
4822:
4820:
4817:
4815:
4812:
4810:
4807:
4805:
4802:
4800:
4797:
4795:
4792:
4790:
4787:
4785:
4782:
4780:
4777:
4775:
4772:
4770:
4767:
4765:
4762:
4760:
4759:Bint al-Mahdī
4757:
4756:
4754:
4752:
4748:
4742:
4739:
4737:
4734:
4732:
4729:
4727:
4724:
4722:
4719:
4717:
4714:
4712:
4709:
4707:
4704:
4702:
4699:
4697:
4694:
4692:
4689:
4687:
4684:
4682:
4679:
4677:
4674:
4672:
4669:
4667:
4664:
4662:
4659:
4657:
4654:
4652:
4649:
4647:
4644:
4642:
4639:
4637:
4634:
4632:
4629:
4628:
4626:
4624:Early Islamic
4622:
4618:
4614:
4609:
4605:
4595:
4592:
4590:
4587:
4585:
4582:
4580:
4577:
4575:
4572:
4570:
4567:
4565:
4562:
4560:
4559:Imru' al-Qais
4557:
4555:
4552:
4550:
4547:
4545:
4542:
4540:
4537:
4535:
4532:
4530:
4527:
4525:
4522:
4520:
4517:
4515:
4512:
4510:
4507:
4505:
4502:
4500:
4497:
4495:
4492:
4490:
4487:
4485:
4482:
4480:
4477:
4475:
4472:
4470:
4467:
4465:
4462:
4460:
4457:
4455:
4452:
4451:
4448:
4444:
4439:
4435:
4425:
4422:
4420:
4417:
4416:
4413:
4409:
4404:
4400:
4396:
4389:
4384:
4382:
4377:
4375:
4370:
4369:
4366:
4355:
4351:
4347:
4340:
4326:
4325:Ahmad Kasravi
4323:
4321:
4318:
4316:
4313:
4311:
4310:Ali Latifiyan
4308:
4306:
4303:
4302:
4300:
4296:
4290:
4287:
4285:
4282:
4280:
4277:
4275:
4272:
4270:
4267:
4265:
4262:
4260:
4257:
4256:
4254:
4250:
4244:
4241:
4239:
4236:
4234:
4233:Jafar Shahidi
4231:
4229:
4228:Jalal Sattari
4226:
4224:
4221:
4219:
4216:
4214:
4213:Mohammad Moin
4211:
4209:
4208:Ahmad Shamlou
4206:
4204:
4201:
4199:
4196:
4194:
4191:
4189:
4186:
4184:
4183:Lili Golestan
4181:
4179:
4176:
4174:
4171:
4169:
4166:
4163:
4162:
4160:
4156:
4150:
4147:
4145:
4142:
4140:
4137:
4135:
4132:
4130:
4127:
4125:
4122:
4120:
4117:
4115:
4112:
4110:
4107:
4105:
4102:
4100:
4097:
4095:
4092:
4090:
4087:
4085:
4082:
4080:
4077:
4075:
4072:
4070:
4067:
4065:
4062:
4060:
4057:
4055:
4052:
4050:
4047:
4045:
4044:Fereydun Gole
4042:
4040:
4037:
4035:
4032:
4030:
4027:
4025:
4022:
4020:
4017:
4015:
4012:
4010:
4007:
4005:
4004:Bahram Beyzai
4002:
4000:
3997:
3995:
3992:
3990:Saeed Aghighi
3989:
3988:
3986:
3982:
3976:
3973:
3970:
3968:
3965:
3963:
3960:
3958:
3955:
3953:
3950:
3948:
3945:
3943:
3940:
3938:
3935:
3933:
3930:
3928:
3925:
3923:
3922:Bahram Beyzai
3920:
3917:
3915:
3912:
3910:
3907:
3906:
3904:
3900:
3894:
3891:
3889:
3886:
3884:
3881:
3879:
3876:
3874:
3871:
3869:
3866:
3864:
3861:
3859:
3856:
3854:
3851:
3849:
3846:
3844:
3841:
3839:
3836:
3834:
3831:
3829:
3826:
3824:
3821:
3819:
3816:
3814:
3811:
3809:
3806:
3803:
3801:
3798:
3797:
3795:
3793:Short stories
3791:
3785:
3782:
3780:
3777:
3775:
3774:Abbas Maroufi
3772:
3770:
3767:
3765:
3764:Ahmad Mahmoud
3762:
3760:
3757:
3754:
3752:
3749:
3747:
3744:
3742:
3741:Reza Ghassemi
3739:
3737:
3734:
3732:
3729:
3727:
3724:
3722:
3721:Reza Baraheni
3719:
3717:
3714:
3712:
3709:
3707:
3704:
3702:
3699:
3697:
3694:
3692:
3689:
3688:
3686:
3682:
3672:
3669:
3668:
3666:
3662:
3656:
3653:
3652:
3650:
3646:
3640:
3637:
3635:
3632:
3630:
3627:
3625:
3624:Loiq Sher-Ali
3622:
3620:
3617:
3615:
3612:
3610:
3607:
3605:
3602:
3600:
3597:
3596:
3594:
3590:
3584:
3581:
3579:
3576:
3574:
3571:
3569:
3566:
3564:
3561:
3559:
3556:
3554:
3553:Nadia Anjuman
3551:
3550:
3548:
3544:
3538:
3535:
3534:
3532:
3528:
3523:
3520:
3517:
3513:
3510:
3507:
3505:
3504:Ahmad Shamlou
3502:
3500:
3497:
3495:
3492:
3490:
3487:
3485:
3482:
3480:
3477:
3475:
3472:
3470:
3467:
3465:
3462:
3460:
3457:
3455:
3452:
3450:
3447:
3445:
3442:
3440:
3439:Hushang Irani
3437:
3435:
3432:
3430:
3427:
3425:
3422:
3419:
3417:
3414:
3412:
3409:
3407:
3404:
3402:
3399:
3397:
3396:Reza Baraheni
3394:
3392:
3389:
3387:
3384:
3382:
3379:
3377:
3374:
3372:
3369:
3367:
3364:
3362:
3359:
3357:
3354:
3351:
3349:
3346:
3344:
3341:
3339:
3335:
3329:
3328:
3326:
3322:
3318:
3311:
3307:
3289:
3284:
3281:
3276:
3273:
3268:
3265:
3260:
3257:
3252:
3249:
3248:
3246:
3242:
3232:
3230:
3227:
3222:
3219:
3217:
3214:
3213:
3211:
3207:
3200:
3198:
3195:
3193:
3190:
3185:
3182:
3179:
3174:
3171:
3169:
3168:Kalim Kashani
3166:
3161:
3158:
3153:
3150:
3148:
3145:
3144:
3142:
3138:
3132:
3131:'Orfi Shirazi
3129:
3124:
3121:
3116:
3113:
3112:
3110:
3106:
3100:
3097:
3092:
3089:
3084:
3081:
3076:
3073:
3071:
3068:
3066:
3063:
3061:
3058:
3056:
3055:Salman Savaji
3053:
3051:
3048:
3047:
3045:
3041:
3034:
3032:
3029:
3027:
3024:
3022:
3019:
3017:
3014:
3012:
3009:
3007:
3004:
3003:
3001:
2997:
2991:
2988:
2986:
2985:Badr Shirvani
2983:
2981:
2978:
2976:
2973:
2968:
2967:Homam Tabrizi
2965:
2963:
2960:
2958:
2955:
2953:
2952:Pur-Baha Jami
2950:
2948:
2945:
2942:
2938:
2934:
2931:
2926:
2923:
2921:
2918:
2913:
2910:
2908:
2905:
2903:
2900:
2898:
2895:
2893:
2890:
2887:
2885:
2882:
2880:
2877:
2876:
2874:
2870:
2861:
2860:Shams Tabrizi
2858:
2856:
2853:
2848:
2845:
2840:
2837:
2834:
2829:
2826:
2821:
2818:
2814:
2809:
2806:
2804:
2801:
2799:
2796:
2794:
2791:
2789:
2786:
2781:
2778:
2776:
2775:Faramarz Nama
2773:
2771:
2768:
2766:
2763:
2761:
2758:
2757:
2755:
2751:
2745:
2742:
2740:
2737:
2735:
2732:
2730:
2727:
2725:
2722:
2720:
2717:
2715:
2712:
2710:
2707:
2705:
2702:
2697:
2694:
2692:
2689:
2687:
2684:
2682:
2681:Ahmad Ghazali
2679:
2677:
2674:
2669:
2666:
2661:
2658:
2653:
2652:Nizam al-Mulk
2650:
2645:
2642:
2640:
2637:
2632:
2629:
2624:
2621:
2616:
2615:Nasir Khusraw
2613:
2611:
2608:
2607:
2605:
2601:
2595:
2592:
2590:
2589:Kisai Marvazi
2587:
2585:
2582:
2580:
2577:
2572:
2569:
2564:
2561:
2559:
2556:
2554:
2551:
2549:
2548:Shahid Balkhi
2546:
2544:
2541:
2539:
2536:
2533:
2529:
2526:
2524:
2521:
2519:
2516:
2515:
2513:
2509:
2503:
2500:
2499:
2497:
2493:
2489:
2482:
2478:
2468:
2465:
2463:
2460:
2458:
2455:
2452:
2449:
2447:
2444:
2442:
2439:
2437:
2436:Menog-i Khrad
2434:
2432:
2429:
2427:
2424:
2422:
2419:
2417:
2414:
2412:
2409:
2407:
2404:
2402:
2399:
2397:
2394:
2392:
2389:
2387:
2384:
2382:
2379:
2378:
2375:
2371:
2366:
2362:
2352:
2349:
2347:
2344:
2342:
2339:
2337:
2334:
2332:
2329:
2328:
2325:
2321:
2316:
2312:
2308:
2301:
2296:
2294:
2289:
2287:
2282:
2281:
2278:
2272:
2269:
2265:
2264:
2259:
2255:
2250:
2247:
2244:
2243:
2234:
2230:
2226:
2223:
2219:
2216:
2212:
2209:
2208:
2203:
2200:
2196:
2192:
2189:
2185:
2181:
2178:
2174:
2171:
2167:
2164:
2160:
2156:
2153:
2149:
2148:
2127:
2123:
2119:
2112:
2103:
2094:
2085:
2075:
2066:
2064:
2062:
2060:
2058:
2056:
2054:
2046:
2045:0-930872-48-7
2042:
2036:
2029:
2023:
2016:
2015:1-55643-269-0
2012:
2006:
2000:
1994:
1984:
1977:
1970:
1968:
1960:
1956:
1950:
1940:
1933:
1927:
1920:
1914:
1907:
1906:0-932885-07-1
1903:
1899:
1893:
1886:
1882:
1876:
1862:
1858:
1851:
1849:
1847:
1845:
1843:
1834:
1828:
1824:
1817:
1810:
1803:
1801:
1794:
1791:, p. 823, at
1790:
1789:
1783:
1775:
1769:
1765:
1764:
1756:
1754:
1745:
1741:
1737:
1733:
1726:
1719:
1713:
1705:
1704:
1696:
1688:
1682:
1678:
1671:
1667:
1654:
1650:
1640:
1639:Suhrawardiyya
1637:
1636:
1627:
1624:
1621:
1617:
1614:
1611:
1608:
1607:
1598:
1594:
1590:
1587:
1584:
1581:
1578:
1574:
1570:
1566:
1563:
1560:
1556:
1552:
1548:
1544:
1540:
1538:
1534:
1531:
1529:
1526:
1524:
1521:
1520:
1511:
1508:
1505:
1502:
1499:
1496:
1493:
1490:
1487:
1484:
1481:
1478:
1475:
1471:
1468:
1465:
1462:
1459:
1456:
1453:
1452:Alwah-i Imadi
1450:
1447:
1443:
1440:
1437:
1434:
1433:
1427:
1419:
1416:
1412:
1408:
1397:
1395:
1391:
1387:
1383:
1377:
1374:
1371:According to
1363:
1360:
1358:
1354:
1350:
1344:
1342:
1337:
1335:
1334:
1328:
1324:
1320:
1316:
1312:
1308:
1304:
1300:
1299:
1294:
1290:
1286:
1281:
1279:
1275:
1271:
1267:
1263:
1259:
1255:
1251:
1247:
1243:
1239:
1235:
1230:
1227:
1223:
1219:
1215:
1214:Epic of Kings
1211:
1207:
1202:
1200:
1193:
1191:
1184:
1182:
1172:
1170:
1166:
1162:
1158:
1154:
1149:
1147:
1143:
1139:
1135:
1125:
1123:
1119:
1115:
1111:
1106:
1102:
1100:
1096:
1092:
1089:
1084:
1082:
1078:
1074:
1070:
1059:
1056:
1048:
1038:
1034:
1030:
1024:
1023:
1019:
1014:This section
1012:
1008:
1003:
1002:
994:
992:
988:
983:
981:
977:
973:
963:
961:
957:
953:
949:
944:
943:
938:
936:
932:
928:
924:
920:
915:
913:
909:
905:
901:
897:
893:
889:
885:
881:
871:
869:
865:
861:
857:
853:
849:
845:
840:
836:
832:
828:
824:
820:
816:
812:
804:
800:
793:
789:
785:
781:
776:
765:
760:
758:
753:
751:
746:
745:
743:
742:
739:
729:
728:
721:
718:
716:
713:
711:
708:
706:
703:
701:
698:
696:
693:
691:
688:
686:
683:
681:
678:
676:
673:
672:
666:
665:
658:
655:
653:
650:
648:
647:Notable early
645:
644:
641:List of sufis
638:
637:
630:
627:
625:
622:
620:
617:
615:
612:
610:
607:
605:
602:
600:
597:
595:
592:
590:
587:
585:
582:
580:
577:
575:
572:
570:
567:
565:
562:
560:
557:
555:
552:
550:
547:
545:
542:
540:
537:
535:
532:
530:
527:
525:
522:
520:
517:
515:
512:
510:
507:
505:
502:
500:
497:
495:
492:
490:
487:
485:
482:
480:
477:
475:
472:
470:
467:
465:
462:
460:
457:
455:
452:
450:
447:
446:
443:
438:
437:
430:
427:
425:
422:
420:
417:
415:
412:
410:
407:
405:
402:
400:
397:
395:
392:
391:
385:
384:
377:
374:
372:
369:
367:
364:
362:
359:
357:
354:
352:
349:
347:
344:
342:
339:
337:
334:
332:
329:
327:
324:
322:
319:
317:
314:
312:
309:
307:
304:
302:
299:
297:
294:
292:
289:
287:
284:
282:
279:
277:
274:
272:
269:
267:
264:
262:
259:
257:
254:
252:
249:
247:
244:
242:
239:
237:
234:
232:
229:
227:
224:
222:
219:
215:
210:
208:
205:
204:
198:
197:
192:
184:
180:
179:
175:
168:
164:
158:
157:
149:
145:
142:
139:
137:Based in
135:
130:
126:
122:
119:
115:
112:
108:
105:
102:
98:
95:
91:
87:
83:
77:
73:
69:
68:Seljuk Empire
65:
59:
55:
50:
45:
39:
34:
27:
22:
6955:Ali al-Jifri
6573:(d. 1315/16)
6484:Ibn al-Salah
6415:(d. 1123/26)
6307:Al-Daraqutni
6222:(791/92–878)
6191:by century (
6105:Saudi Arabia
6048:Copto-Arabic
5949:Saadi Yousef
5924:Safa Khulusi
5909:Hasan Tawfiq
5879:Alifa Rifaat
5874:Tahar Djaout
5774:Emile Habibi
5764:Sinan Antoon
5681:Contemporary
5666:Taha Hussein
5656:Jurji Zaydan
5636:Ahmed Shawqi
5581:Ameen Rihani
5430:Ibn al-Wardi
5317:al-Shushtari
5292:Umm Al-Kiram
5197:Ibn al-Abbar
5177:Al-Rukuniyya
5124:Ibn al-Nafis
5054:Al-Tha'alibi
5004:Ibn Qutaybah
4904:Al-Mutanabbi
4884:ibn al-Mahdi
4859:Ibn al-Farid
4814:ibn al-'Amid
4764:Ibn al-Ahnaf
4529:Hatim al-Tai
4459:Adi ibn Zayd
4243:Abbas Zaryab
4119:Jafar Panahi
4089:Majid Majidi
3927:Bahman Forsi
3893:Goli Taraqqi
3818:Javad Mojabi
3808:Sadeq Chubak
3804:Shamim Bahar
3701:Bozorg Alavi
3655:Asad Gulzoda
3512:Nima Yooshij
3449:Bijan Jalali
3366:Aref Qazvini
3314:Contemporary
3251:Mirza Ghalib
3221:Azar Bigdeli
3180:Saba Kashani
3173:Hazin Lāhiji
3152:Saib Tabrizi
3115:Vahshi Bafqi
3099:Baba Faghani
3075:Ahli Shirazi
3050:Ubayd Zakani
2925:Amir Khusrau
2915:(1288–1320s)
2892:Sultan Walad
2719:Banu Goshasp
2668:Omar Khayyam
2558:Rabia Balkhi
2441:Jamasp Namag
2261:
2254:"Suhrawardi"
2232:
2228:
2221:
2214:
2205:
2198:
2194:
2187:
2183:
2176:
2169:
2162:
2158:
2151:
2132:16 September
2130:. Retrieved
2125:
2121:
2111:
2102:
2093:
2084:
2074:
2035:
2027:
2022:
2005:
1998:
1993:
1983:
1958:
1954:
1949:
1939:
1932:na-kuja abad
1931:
1926:
1913:
1897:
1892:
1884:
1880:
1875:
1865:, retrieved
1860:
1857:"Suhrawardi"
1822:
1816:
1808:
1793:Google Books
1787:
1782:
1762:
1735:
1725:
1718:Hossein Nasr
1712:
1702:
1695:
1676:
1670:
1653:
1625:
1615:
1609:
1596:
1592:
1588:
1582:
1576:
1572:
1568:
1564:
1558:
1554:
1550:
1546:
1542:
1536:
1532:
1527:
1522:
1509:
1503:
1497:
1491:
1485:
1479:
1469:
1463:
1457:
1451:
1445:
1441:
1435:
1425:
1411:Hossein Nasr
1407:Henry Corbin
1403:
1378:
1373:Hossein Nasr
1370:
1361:
1356:
1352:
1348:
1346:
1338:
1330:
1326:
1322:
1318:
1314:
1310:
1306:
1302:
1296:
1292:
1288:
1284:
1282:
1272:, Goshtasp,
1261:
1257:
1253:
1249:
1245:
1237:
1233:
1231:
1217:
1213:
1205:
1204:In his work
1203:
1199:Henry Corbin
1195:
1189:
1186:
1180:
1178:
1150:
1131:
1117:
1107:
1103:
1095:Nur al-Anwar
1094:
1088:emanationist
1085:
1080:
1076:
1066:
1051:
1045:January 2016
1042:
1027:Please help
1015:
984:
979:
969:
945:
941:
939:
926:
923:Henry Corbin
918:
916:
892:Bijar Garrus
877:
860:Epistemology
826:
822:
810:
798:
797:
779:
584:Ni'matullāhī
549:Sülaymaniyya
534:Maizbhandari
150:12th century
140:
43:
7028:1191 deaths
7023:1154 births
6925:Zaid Shakir
6885:(1950–2022)
6879:(1935–2022)
6873:(1944–2017)
6867:(1937–2016)
6861:(1935–2016)
6855:(1932–2015)
6838:(1906–2008)
6832:(1915–2004)
6826:(1908–2002)
6820:(1908–1981)
6814:(1877–1960)
6808:(1879–1952)
6802:(1849–1932)
6785:(1860–1916)
6779:(1847–1909)
6773:(1828–1904)
6771:Shaykh Sufi
6767:(1816–1886)
6761:(1820–1882)
6755:(1784–1860)
6738:(1634–1720)
6715:(1503–1566)
6707:Al-Sha`rani
6692:(1466–1533)
6686:(1420–1520)
6680:(1448–1517)
6674:(1445–1505)
6668:(1428–1497)
6656:(1372–1449)
6639:(1350–1429)
6627:(1335–1404)
6621:(1325–1403)
6615:(1344–1392)
6609:(1322–1390)
6597:(1327–1370)
6591:(1302–1367)
6585:(1284–1355)
6579:(1274–1348)
6551:(1256–1341)
6533:(1228–1302)
6527:(1211–1282)
6521:(1230–1277)
6515:(1200–1276)
6486:(1181–1245)
6480:(1187–1244)
6474:(1156–1233)
6468:(1150–1209)
6462:(1154–1191)
6456:(1119–1183)
6450:(1079–1180)
6442:Ibn `Asakir
6438:(1086–1153)
6432:(1058–1111)
6403:(1028–1085)
6395:Al-Qushayri
6391:(1002–1071)
6371:Al-Tha'labi
6355:Al-Lalika'i
6351:(1003–1083)
6291:Fakr ad-Din
5989:Fadwa Tuqan
5934:Ahmed Matar
5919:al-Jawahiri
5899:Amal Donqol
5894:Salah Jahin
5824:Tayeb Salih
5699:Yusuf Idris
5651:Farah Antun
5591:al-Kawakibi
5488:Hanna Diyab
5465:Ottoman era
5450:Ibn Khaldun
5420:Ibn Battuta
5332:Ibn al-Arif
5227:Ibn Khafaja
5009:Dik al-Jinn
4999:Al-Qasabani
4969:Al-Mubarrad
4954:Al-Farahidi
4924:Al-Armanazi
4864:Ibn al-Rumi
4844:Al-Isfahani
4819:Al-Hamadani
4784:Al-Mudabbir
4751:Abbasid era
4741:al-Mufaddal
4636:Al-Farazdaq
4594:Al-Munakhal
4489:Al-Shanfara
4474:Al-Hujayjah
4443:Pre-Islamic
4354:Afghanistan
4158:Translators
4114:Amir Naderi
3984:Screenplays
3967:Pari Saberi
3947:Bijan Mofid
3873:Bijan Najdi
3563:Raziq Faani
3546:Afghanistan
3459:Esmail Khoi
3416:Bijan Elahi
3292:(1813–1893)
3286:(1808–1854)
3278:(1801–1880)
3270:(1800–1871)
3262:(1779–1837)
3254:(1797–1869)
3235:(1798–1857)
3224:(1722–1781)
3187:(1642–1720)
3176:(1692–1766)
3155:(1607–1670)
3147:Taleb Amoli
3126:(1500–1588)
3118:(1523–1583)
3094:(1487–1524)
3086:(1483–1556)
3078:(1454–1535)
2970:(1238–1314)
2928:(1253–1325)
2850:(1149–1209)
2842:(1141–1209)
2831:(1126–1189)
2823:(1120–1190)
2783:(1155–1191)
2699:(1098–1131)
2671:(1048–1131)
2663:(1046–1121)
2655:(1018–1092)
2647:(1009–1072)
2634:(1006–1088)
2626:(1058–1111)
2618:(1004–1088)
2453:Warshtmansr
2161:, vol. II:
1944:Suhrawardi"
1908:(see p.336)
1498:Aql-i Surkh
1436:Partaw Nama
1313:(the Sun),
1274:Kay Khusraw
1242:Zoroastrian
1234:Partaw Nama
1206:Alwah Imadi
1169:Mulla Sadra
1167:, and also
1146:Azar Kayvan
1142:Zoroastrian
1122:Mulla Sadra
1110:neoplatonic
868:Metaphysics
839:Safavid era
835:Mulla Sadra
715:Persecution
442:Sufi orders
351:Sufi poetry
7017:Categories
6812:Said Nursî
6666:Al-Sakhawi
6660:Al-Mahalli
6631:Ibn Nuhaas
6601:Ibn Kathir
6577:Al-Dhahabi
6537:Al-Baydawi
6430:Al-Ghazali
6407:Al-Baghawi
6401:Al-Juwayni
6397:(986–1072)
6385:(994–1066)
6383:Al-Bayhaqi
6379:(972–1058)
6377:Al-Mawardi
6333:(935–1025)
6321:(933–1014)
6237:Al-Humaydi
6214:Al-Shafi'i
6080:Mauritania
5884:Ali Douagi
5804:Hanna Mina
5794:Al Gosaibi
5661:May Ziadeh
5576:Ahmad Rida
5541:El Baroudy
5473:Al-Nabulsi
5445:al-Nafzawi
5440:Ibn Nubata
5415:Ibn Manzur
5392:Mamluk era
5377:Ibn Tufayl
5367:Ibn Jubayr
5337:Ibn Wahbun
5322:Abu Madyan
5252:Ibn Zaydún
5247:Ibn Zamrak
5237:Ibn Quzman
5222:Ibn Juzayy
5217:Ibn Bassam
5187:Ibn Hamdis
5152:Abu Ja'far
5139:Al-Andalus
5129:Ibn 'Adlan
5074:Ibn Hayyus
5064:al-Tawhīdī
5059:Al-Daylami
5044:Al-Tughrai
5024:Ibn Bakkar
4959:Al-Shafi'i
4894:Al-Ma'arri
4869:Ibn Duraid
4779:Abu Tammam
4554:Al-Nabigha
4350:Tajikistan
4054:Ali Hatami
3962:Akbar Radi
3909:Reza Abdoh
3648:Uzbekistan
3592:Tajikistan
3444:Iraj Mirza
2788:Adib Sabir
2724:Borzu-Nama
2691:Manuchehri
2639:Asadi Tusi
2623:Al-Ghazali
2610:Bābā Tāher
2574:(980–1037)
2566:(967–1049)
2431:Bundahishn
2168:Jad Hatem
1997:H.Corbin,
1867:2023-10-13
1686:9004104224
1662:References
1386:Shahrazuri
1278:Bozorgmehr
976:Pythagoras
864:Psychology
811:Sohrevardi
710:Sufi music
479:Suhrawardi
469:Naqshbandi
6969:(b. 1982)
6963:(b. 1976)
6957:(b. 1971)
6951:(b. 1970)
6945:(b. 1964)
6939:(b. 1963)
6933:(b. 1960)
6927:(b. 1956)
6921:(b. 1954)
6915:(b. 1952)
6913:Ali Gomaa
6909:(b. 1945)
6903:(b. 1942)
6897:(b. 1931)
6891:(b. 1931)
6846:15th/21st
6793:14th/20th
6746:13th/19th
6729:11th/17th
6721:(d. 1570)
6700:10th/16th
6672:Al-Suyuti
6662:(d. 1460)
6633:(d. 1411)
6607:Taftazani
6603:(d. 1373)
6539:(d. 1319)
6519:Al-Nawawi
6509:(d. 1262)
6503:(d. 1258)
6409:(d. 1122)
6373:(d. 1035)
6345:(d. 1038)
6343:Abu Nuaym
6339:(d. 1037)
6327:(d. 1015)
6325:Ibn Furak
6309:(918–995)
6287:(874–936)
6281:(855–930)
6275:(837–923)
6263:(824–887)
6261:Ibn Majah
6251:(810–870)
6245:(781–857)
6220:Al-Muzani
6095:Palestine
5944:al-Sayyab
5939:Al-Bayati
5410:Al-Busiri
5357:al-Fazazi
5342:Ibn Abdun
5312:Ibn Arabi
5302:Yusuf III
5297:Yusuf III
5287:Al-Tutili
5207:Ibn Amira
5172:Buthaina
5167:Ibn Ammar
5104:Al-Hallaj
5039:Niftawayh
4984:Al-Zahiri
4909:Abu Nuwas
4874:al-Zajjaj
4839:Al-Busiri
4799:Al-Asma'i
4691:Kuthayyir
4686:Al-Khansa
4613:Classical
4479:Al-Ḥurqah
4298:Essayists
3006:Ibn Yamin
2532:Shahnameh
2485:Classical
2341:Ganjnameh
1976:Suhraward
1341:Khvarenah
1333:Khvarenah
1327:Shahrivar
1315:shahriyar
1298:Farvardin
1266:Zoroaster
1218:Shah Nama
1128:Influence
1091:cosmology
1016:does not
997:Teachings
958:, son of
884:Suhraward
784:Mehmed II
614:Issawiyya
589:Qalandari
554:Salihiyya
449:Ba 'Alawi
409:Muraqabah
388:Practices
141:Suhraward
64:Sohrevard
7068:Shafi'is
6647:9th/15th
6564:8th/14th
6494:7th/13th
6423:6th/12th
6364:5th/11th
6315:(d. 996)
6300:4th/10th
6269:(d. 915)
6267:Al-Nasai
6257:(d. 875)
6239:(d. 834)
6038:Djibouti
5754:Said Akl
5347:Avempace
5327:al-Rundi
5307:Ibn Hazm
5242:Ibn Sahl
5212:Ibn Baqi
5089:Al Uyuni
4919:Shāriyah
4914:Al-Jahiz
4549:Mu'aqqir
4519:Al-A'sha
3664:Pakistan
3406:Dehkhoda
3091:Ismail I
2941:Golestān
2863:(d.1248)
2760:Iranshah
2571:Avicenna
2528:Ferdowsi
2128:(37): 17
1720:, p 128.
1633:See also
1422:Writings
1319:isfahbad
1311:Hurakhsh
1222:Fereydun
1210:Ferdowsi
1134:esoteric
1073:Ibn Sina
900:Maragheh
848:Avicenna
788:Istanbul
574:Shattari
539:Malamati
489:Khalwati
474:Shadhili
454:Bektashi
424:Whirling
394:Anasheed
321:Qalandar
189:Tomb of
163:a series
161:Part of
93:Religion
52:Personal
6992:Hanbali
6249:Bukhari
6230:3rd/9th
6207:2nd/8th
6125:Tunisia
6110:Somalia
6085:Morocco
6070:Lebanon
6033:Comoros
6028:Bahrain
6023:Algeria
5799:Echebbi
5352:al-Baji
5282:Qasmuna
5144:Maghreb
5034:Al-Suli
4834:Buhturi
3604:Farzona
3530:Armenia
2820:Khaqani
2739:Mu'izzi
2686:Hujwiri
2553:Bal'ami
2391:Dēnkard
2260:(ed.).
2145:Sources
2079:common.
1474:Simurgh
1382:Kurdish
1353:kharreh
1331:Kiyani
1323:Amordad
1262:Ishraqi
1250:Vohuman
1037:removed
1022:sources
960:Saladin
931:Iranian
880:Persian
856:Physics
803:Persian
720:Ziyarat
705:History
695:Ma'rifa
657:Singers
619:Jerrahi
609:Inayati
569:Mevlevi
564:Kubrawi
559:Azeemia
544:Mouridi
529:Jelveti
524:Bayrami
514:Darqawi
494:Rahmani
464:Chishti
429:Ziyarat
414:Qawwali
366:Tazkiah
331:Silsila
306:Murshid
291:Ma'rifa
271:Karamat
226:Dervish
7002:Zahiri
6997:Maliki
6987:Hanafi
6130:U.A.E.
6065:Kuwait
6060:Jordan
5719:Adunis
5521:Modern
5478:Fuzûlî
5277:Nazhun
4569:Tarafa
3684:Novels
3324:Poetry
3083:Fuzuli
3060:Hatefi
3031:Nasimi
2937:Bustan
2828:Anvari
2813:c.1220
2811:(1142–
2594:Ayyuqi
2584:Asjadi
2579:Unsuri
2523:Daqiqi
2518:Rudaki
2370:Middle
2043:
2013:
1988:Iran."
1904:
1829:
1770:
1683:
1357:farreh
1349:hikmat
1307:Bahram
1303:gawhar
1293:Surush
1270:Jamasp
1254:Bahman
1138:Muslim
952:Batini
948:Aleppo
888:Zanjan
866:, and
831:heresy
794:Museum
690:Haqiqa
685:Tariqa
680:Sharia
675:Tawhid
629:Zahedi
624:Madari
599:Galibi
594:Akbari
579:Uwaisi
519:Senusi
509:Tijani
504:Desuqi
499:Badawi
484:Rifa`i
459:Qadiri
376:Yaqeen
286:Manzil
281:Lataif
251:Haqiqa
174:Sufism
110:School
82:Aleppo
6135:Yemen
6120:Syria
6115:Sudan
6100:Qatar
6075:Libya
6043:Egypt
5533:Nahda
5272:Muhya
5014:‘Inān
4534:Labīd
3902:Plays
3283:Qaani
3244:1800s
3209:1700s
3140:1600s
3108:1500s
3043:1400s
3016:Hafez
2999:1300s
2933:Saadi
2872:1200s
2808:Attar
2798:Am'aq
2753:1100s
2714:Sanai
2603:1000s
2256:. In
1645:Notes
1549:. 3.
1545:) 2.
1183:that:
1081:hikma
980:hikma
972:Plato
912:Syria
852:Logic
404:Haḍra
399:Dhikr
361:Salik
301:Murid
296:Maqam
276:Kashf
261:Irfan
256:Ihsan
236:Fakir
231:Dhawq
221:Baqaa
207:Abdal
201:Ideas
167:Islam
104:Sunni
101:Shafi
97:Islam
6090:Oman
6055:Iraq
5142:and
4346:Iran
3337:Iran
3065:Jami
2962:Rumi
2511:900s
2495:800s
2134:2017
2041:ISBN
2011:ISBN
1957:in:
1902:ISBN
1827:ISBN
1768:ISBN
1681:ISBN
1409:and
1388:and
1289:giti
1285:minu
1020:any
1018:cite
987:Sufi
910:and
908:Iraq
896:Iran
890:and
874:Life
419:Sama
371:Wali
326:Qutb
311:Nafs
266:Ishq
241:Fana
75:Died
60:1154
57:Born
4408:Old
2320:Old
1740:doi
1212:'s
1083:).
1031:by
937:".
894:in
878:Of
846:of
700:Art
316:Nūr
246:Hal
165:on
7019::
6197:AD
6195:/
6193:AH
4348:,
2939:/
2126:10
2052:^
1966:^
1887:)"
1841:^
1799:^
1752:^
1738:.
1734:.
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1336:.
1309:,
1268:,
1171:.
1163:,
1159:,
1155:,
1148:.
870:.
862:,
858:,
854:,
833:.
805::
786:.
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84:,
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6159:v
4387:e
4380:t
4373:v
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2197:(
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