484:
309:
216:
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517:. On 29 April 1986, Shanti Bahini massacred 19 Bengalis. On 26 June 1989, the Shanti Bahini burned down villages where inhabitants had voted in Bangladeshi elections. In 1996, Shanti Bahini abducted and killed 30 Bengalis. On 9 September 1996, the Shanti Bahini massacred a group of Bengali lumberjacks, who were under the impression they'd been called to a meeting. Members of Shanti Bahini extracted some four million dollars from the local population in the name of toll collection.
357:
126:
338:
27:
326:
480:, the national legislature of Bangladesh as a candidate of the PCJSS in 1973. When Larma's continued efforts to make the government recognize the rights of the tribal peoples through political discussions had failed, Larma and the PCJSS began organizing the Shanti Bahini (Peace Corps), an armed force operating in the Hill Tracts area. It was formed in 1972 and fought for many years against the government.
68:
541:. The treaty saw the lifting of nighttime curfew and the return of 50 thousand refugees. However, some members opposed to the peace deal formed a dissident group. Some of those who opposed the peace treaty formed the United People's Democratic Front as an alternate to the PCJSS. The treaty was also criticised by the
512:
In the 1980s, the
Government of Bangladesh started to provide land for thousands of landless Bengali. Many Bengali were forced to move to secure regions because of the insurgency, abandoning their land to the tribal communities. On 31 May, 1984, Shanti Bahini members allegedly killed 400 people in
495:
convoys in 1977. They carried out kidnappings and extortion. Larma subsequently went into hiding from government security forces. Factionalism within the PCJS weakened Larma's standing and he was assassinated on 10 November 1983. On 23 June 1981, the Shanti Bahini attacked a camp of
545:
and has not been fully implemented. Some members of Shanti Bahini became police officers after the peace treaty. In August 2014, Indian Border
Security Forces arrested members of Shanti Bahini, two Bangladeshi Chakmas and three Indian national Chakmas with weapons in
553:
After the assassination of Sheikh
Mujibur Rahman and the removal of Bangladesh Awami League from in 1975, India provided support and shelter to the members of Shanti Bahini. Members of Shanti Bahini were trained in
1232:
Panday, Pranab Kumar; Jamil, Ishtiaq (2015). "Conflict in the
Chittagong Hill Tracts of Bangladesh: An Unimplemented Accord and Continued Violence". In Chima, Jugdep S. (ed.).
757:
78:
1184:
469:
founded the
Parbatya Chattagram Jana Samhati Samiti (PCJSS) on 15 February 1972, seeking to build an organization representing all the tribal peoples of the
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and the Shanti Bahini promised to abandon militancy. Members of Shanti Bahini surrendered their weapons in a stadium in
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54:
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453:. It is considered an insurgent group in Bangladesh. The Shanti Bahini was made out of mostly members from the
40:
1158:
880:
716:
1031:
542:
279:
233:
1234:
Ethnic
Subnationalist Insurgencies in South Asia: Identities, Interests and Challenges to State Authority
1097:
Haque, Azizul (February 1981). "Bangladesh in 1980: Strains and
Stresses -- Opposition in the Doldrums".
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that states a
Knowledge editor's personal feelings or presents an original argument about a topic.
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8:
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Building
Lasting Peace: Issues of the Implementation of the Chittagong Hill Tracts Accord
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963:"Bhushanchhara genocide in Rangamati: No trial in 37yrs - City News - observerbd.com"
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500:, killing 13 people. They later captured and executed 24 members of the
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474:
450:
362:
272:
1284:"Two Bangladeshi Chakmas among five arrested with huge arms in India"
1467:
Strangers Of The Mist: Tales of War and Peace from India's
Northeast
1110:
1036:. Area Study Centre for Europe, University of Karachi. p. 145.
555:
284:
1033:
The Politics of Ethnicity and Nationalism in Europe and South Asia
1412:"The India-Bangladesh Relationships - Lookback and Reality Check"
1048:"Militant attacks in Bangladesh claim 393 lives in last 11 years"
547:
343:
1337:
Times, Sanjoy Hazarika, Special To The New York (11 June 1989).
253:â1997 (small pockets of resistance were still active until 2006)
257:
1997 (small pockets of resistance were still active until 2006)
331:
1185:"One rescued as BD commandoes search for kidnapped workers"
79:
personal reflection, personal essay, or argumentative essay
731:"An engrossing perspective on the Chittagong Hill Tracts"
937:"Bhusanchara Genocide: 400 Bengalis killed within hour"
836:
679:
State, Nation and Ethnicity in Contemporary South Asia
487:
Members of Shanti Bahini in Khagrachari on 5 May 1994.
1339:"Bangladeshi Insurgents Say India Is Supporting Them"
758:"Bangladeshi Insurgents Say India Is Supporting Them"
441:; meaning "Peace Force") was the armed wing of the
1437:Gunaratna, Rohan; Iqbal, Khuram (1 January 2012).
1313:Terrorism in India's North-east: A Gathering Storm
465:Following the independence of Bangladesh in 1971,
1016:The Chittagong Hill Tracts: falconry in the hills
811:
1489:
877:Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh
713:Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh
1436:
16:Buddhist terrorist organisation in Bangladesh
988:"Samo Adhiker demands punishment of culprits"
153:that contextualizes different points of view.
139:to certain ideas, incidents, or controversies
1370:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1159:"Peace Accord must not remain on paper only"
816:. Anmol Publications Pvt. Ltd. p. 229.
1231:
1073:"Army pullout from CHT opposed by settlers"
55:Learn how and when to remove these messages
845:University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign
187:Learn how and when to remove this message
169:Learn how and when to remove this message
108:Learn how and when to remove this message
1463:
899:. Shiv Lal. 1 January 1982. p. 218.
755:
482:
1309:
535:Parbatya Chattagram Jana Samhati Samiti
443:Parbatya Chattagram Jana Samhati Samiti
1490:
1316:. Gyan Publishing House. p. 553.
1030:Tahir, Naveed Ahmad (1 January 1997).
1013:Uddin, G. M. Masbah (1 January 1992).
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1464:Hazarika, Sanjoy (14 October 2000).
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1508:Military wings of political parties
941:parbattanews : English Version
911:"Chittagong Hill Tracts land issue"
527:Chittagong Hill Tracts Peace Accord
13:
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855:
830:
696:
14:
1529:
1518:1972 establishments in Bangladesh
1133:"CHT accord and ten wasted years"
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756:Hazarika, Sanjoy (11 June 1989).
676:Ahmed, Ishtiaq (1 January 1998).
36:This article has multiple issues.
837:Bushra Hasina Chowdhury (2002).
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1498:Chittagong Hill Tracts conflict
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1443:. Reaktion Books. p. 219.
1440:Pakistan: Terrorism Ground Zero
1430:
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1386:"Bangladesh is in 'Great Game'"
1378:
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1310:Prakash, Ved (1 January 2008).
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782:"18 Days That Shook Bangladesh"
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422:Chittagong Hill Tracts conflict
44:or discuss these issues on the
1503:History of Chittagong Division
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682:. A&C Black. p. 235.
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587:Fortna, Virginia Page (2008).
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491:Shanti Bahini began attacking
445:(United People's Party of the
1:
881:Asiatic Society of Bangladesh
717:Asiatic Society of Bangladesh
573:
1258:"A saga of un-kept promises"
543:Bangladesh Nationalist Party
507:
7:
814:Encyclopaedia of Bangladesh
705:"Larma, Manabendra Narayan"
561:
473:. Larma was elected to the
10:
1534:
1236:. Routledge. p. 157.
875:; Jamal, Ahmed A. (eds.).
812:Nagendra K. Singh (2003).
711:; Jamal, Ahmed A. (eds.).
595:Princeton University Press
568:Demographics of Bangladesh
460:
1207:"Brother against brother"
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220:Flag of the Shanti Bahini
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1513:Separatism in Bangladesh
525:On 2 December 1997, the
467:Manabendra Narayan Larma
393:Border Guards Bangladesh
590:Does Peacekeeping Work?
529:was signed between the
867:Kader, Rozina (2012).
703:Kader, Rozina (2012).
626:"Shanti Bahini | IPCS"
488:
471:Chittagong Hill Tracts
447:Chittagong Hill Tracts
403:Armed Police Battalion
386:24th Infantry Division
289:Chittagong Hill Tracts
287:for the tribes of the
269:Chittagong Hill Tracts
88:by rewriting it in an
896:The Election Archives
486:
147:by rewriting it in a
851:on 1 September 2006.
917:. 25 September 2013
879:(Second ed.).
770:on 26 October 2014.
715:(Second ed.).
651:"Where is Kalpana?"
265:Active regions
1392:. 12 February 2014
1343:The New York Times
1019:. s.n. p. 82.
967:The Daily Observer
847:Pr. Archived from
763:The New York Times
489:
241:Dates of operation
90:encyclopedic style
77:is written like a
1264:. 2 December 2016
1243:978-1-138-83992-2
1213:. 21 January 2010
1165:. 2 December 2013
1139:. 6 December 2007
737:. 6 February 2017
604:978-1-4008-3773-1
502:Bangladesh rifles
498:Bangladesh rifles
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994:. 30 April 2008
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1470:. Penguin UK.
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1416:TIMES OF ASSAM
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657:. 12 June 2016
655:The Daily Star
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597:. p. 53.
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1418:. 9 May 2014
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1289:bdnews24.com
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630:www.ipcs.org
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455:Chakma tribe
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234:Shantu Larma
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1189:Daily Times
539:Khagrachari
1492:Categories
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1356:16 April
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792:16 April
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661:16 April
562:See also
556:Chakrata
533:and the
285:Autonomy
280:Ideology
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