531:
774:
51:
175:
1205:
mentions 8 of the thousands of shakhas namely āsurāyaṇīyā, vāsurāyaṇīya़ā, vātāntareyā, prāṃjalī, ṛjñagvainavidhā, prācīna yogyaśākhā, jñānayoga and rāṇāyaṇīyā (आसुरायणीया, वासुरायणीय़ा, वातान्तरेया, प्रांजली, ऋज्ञग्वैनविधा, प्राचीन योग्यशाखा, ज्ञानयोग, राणायणीया). Of these rāṇāyaṇīyā (राणायणीया) has
1431:
The
Paippalada tradition was discontinued, and its text is known only from manuscripts collected since the 20th century. However some Orissa Brahmins still continue the tradition of Paippalada. No Brahmana is known for the Shaunaka shakha. The Paippalada is possibly associated with the
1586:
680:
mentions 12 shakhas for the Rig Veda namely śrāvakā, śravaṇiyā, jaṭā, śaphaṭa, pāṭhakrama(2), daṇḍa, aśvalāyanī, śāṃkhāyanī, śākalā, bāṣkalā and māṇḍūkā (श्रावका, श्रवणिया, जटा, शफट, पाठक्रम(2), दण्ड, अश्वलायनी, शांखायनी, शाकला, बाष्कला, माण्डूका) in
847:
lists forty-two or forty-four out of eighty-six shakhas for the Yajur Veda, but that only five of these are now extant, with a sixth partially extant. For the Yajur Veda the five (partially in six) shakhas are the (Vajasaneyi
Madhandina, Kanva;
1206:
10 shakhas namely rāṇāyaṇīyā, sāṃkhyāyanī, śāṭhyā, mugdala, khalvalā, mahākhalvalā, lāṅgalā, kaithumā, gautamā and jaiminī (राणायणीया, सांख्यायनी, शाठ्या, मुग्दल, खल्वला, महाखल्वला, लाङ्गला, कैथुमा, गौतमा, जैमिनी).
1193:
lists twelve shakhas for the Sama Veda out of a thousand that are said to have once existed, but that of these only one or perhaps two are still extant. The two
Samaveda recensions are the Jaiminiya and Kauthuma.
576:. These have lists of the numbers of recensions that were believed to have once existed as well as those still extant at the time the works were compiled. Only a small number of recensions have survived.
1355:
mentions 9 shakhas namely paippalā, dāntā, pradāṃta, stotā, autā, brahmadā yaśadā, śaunakī, vedadarśā and caraṇavidyā (पैप्पला, दान्ता, प्रदांत, स्तोता, औता, ब्रह्मदा यशदा, शौनकी, वेददर्शा, चरणविद्या).
1362:
For the
Atharvaveda, both the Shaunakiya and the Paippalada traditions contain textual corruptions, and the original text of the Atharvaveda may only be approximated from comparison between the two.
502:
had come to be applied to all members of the priestly class, but there were subdivisions within this order based both on varna (class) and on the shakha (branch) with which they were affiliated. A
1347:
Only one shakha of an original nine is now extant for the
Atharvaveda. The nine sakhas were Paippalada, Tauda, Mauda, Shaunakiya, Jajala, Jalada, Brahmavada, Devadarsa and Chaarana-Vaidya. In
1416:
as samhita patha only. otherwise, two manuscripts survive: Kashmiri (mostly edited) and Oriya (partly edited, by Dipak
Bhattacharya and others, unaccented)
863:(Black) schools. The White recensions have separate Brahmanas, while the Black ones have their(much earlier) Brahmanas interspersed between the Mantras.
538:
until after Vedic times, despite the presence of sakhas. It constituted a culturally markedly different region, which gave rise to
Jainism and Buddhism.
494:
In traditional Hindu society affiliation with a specific school is an important aspect of class identity. By the end of the Rig Vedic period the term
707:
344:
193:
1359:
The
Shaunaka is the only shakha of the Atharvaveda for which both printed texts and an active oral tradition are known to still exist.
1297:
382:
texts, or else the traditional texts followed by such a school. An individual follower of a particular school or recension is called a
1620:
1676:
719:
shakha has been recently rediscovered in
Banswada in Rajasthan where two septuagenarians are the last surviving practitioners.
1498:
821:
134:
115:
803:
534:
Late Vedic culture (1100-500 BCE), with shakhas shown in red. The Kosala-Magadha region was not considered part of
87:
337:
1529:
The Wonder That Was India: A Survey of the
Culture of the Indian Sub-Continent Before The Coming Of The Muslims
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72:
94:
368:
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1613:
660:
which are not present in the Shakala text but is preserved in one Kashmir manuscript (now at Pune). The
31:
1641:
101:
330:
409:, ("conduct of life" or "behavior") is also used to refer to such a Vedic school: "although the words
1161:
KapS (fragmentary manuscript, only first sections accented), edited (without accents) by Raghu Vira.
1017:
974:
784:
83:
795:
788:
68:
61:
17:
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453:)". The schools have different points of view, described as "difference of (Vedic) school" (
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8:
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702:) by Gargya Naranaya. Gargya Naranaya's commentary was based on the longer commentary or
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and very few of Asvalayana are now extant. The Bashkala recension of the Rigveda has the
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1501:. p. 560. The example is given here of a text which refers to a dispute involving
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998:
698:
shakha, both a shrauta sutra and a grhya sutra, both surviving with a commentary (
589:
The schools are enumerated below, categorised according to the Veda each expounds.
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properly applies to the sect or collection of persons united in one school, and
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Journal of the Nepal Research Centre, Vol. 1, Wiesbaden-Kathmandu 1977, pp. 135
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1493:. Princeton University Press; 1957. Princeton paperback 12th edition, 1989.
1307:
Brahmana published (without accents) – Jaiminiya Brahmana, Arsheya Brahmana
1348:
1304:
Two distinct styles of Saman recitation, partially recorded and published.
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987:
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The traditional source of information on the shakhas of each Veda is the
286:
1301:
849:
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253:
1471:
Monier-Williams, A Sanskrit-English Dictionary, p. 1062, right column.
1664:
An unknown Upanisad of the Krsna Yajurveda: The Katha-Siksa-Upanisad.
1293:
1210:
573:
551:
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233:
1610:
Catalogue of Sanskrit, Pali, and Prakrit Books in the British Museum
773:
50:
561:
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472:
362:
291:
204:
1705:
Vedpradip :: A Resource on Preservation and Research of Vedas
1699:
Vedpradip :: A Resource on Preservation and Research of Vedas
1457:
V. S. Apte. A Practical Sanskrit Dictionary, p. 913, left column.
1393:
Fragmentary Gopatha Brahmana (extant and published), no accents.
657:
503:
495:
395:
189:
184:
166:
1480:
V. S. Apte. A Practical Sanskrit Dictionary, p. 913, left column
1390:
AVS, edited and recited by all over North India and South India
1080:
1115:
468:
379:
375:
174:
162:
1006:
962:
Currently recited by all over North Indian Brahmins and by
1557:
For a brief summary of the shakhas as given in Shaunaka's
1425:
Prashna Upanishad, Sharabha Upanishad etc. – all edited.
550:, of which two, mostly similar, versions exist: the 49th
1489:
E.g., Radhakrishnan, Sarvepalli; and Moore, Charles A.
586:
describes different shakhas of 4 Vedas in 27th chapter.
378:
theological school that specializes in learning certain
510:
who changed school would be called "a traitor to his
1245:
edited,Recited by all over North and in South India
1145:(almost the entire text from a solitary manuscript)
1092:(TB) and Vadhula Br. (part of Vadhula Srautrasutra)
1011:Kanva Shatapatha (SBK)(different from madhyandina)
441:to the traditional text followed, as in the phrase
75:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
471:" properly so-called), as well as its associated
1729:
1697:List of Pundits from different shakhas in India
852:, Maitrayani, Caraka-Katha, Kapisthala-Katha).
582:'s devotional poetry written in Marathi called
1658:as having been very similar in content to the
1629:Asvalayana Grihya Sutra Bhashyam of Devasvamin
971:survives as Shatapatha XIV.1-8, with accents.
1718:Dialectes dans les litteratures Indo-Aryennes
1531:. (Grove Press, Inc.: New York, 1954) p. 139.
1279:None. The Samhita itself has the ‘Aranyaka’.
1251:None. The Samhita itself has the ‘Aranyaka’.
451:"he recites a particular version of the Veda"
338:
1310:Tamil Nadu version of Talavakara Aranyaka (=
572:of the Śukla (White) Yajurveda, ascribed to
461:). Each school would learn a specific Vedic
1209:The Kauthuma shakha has the PB, SadvB, the
802:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
1419:lost, similar to that of Gopatha Brahmana
345:
331:
1587:"गुरूचरित्र/अध्याय सव्विसावा - विकिस्रोत"
1276:Same as Kauthuma with minor differences.
822:Learn how and when to remove this message
610:lists five shakhas for the Rig Veda, the
135:Learn how and when to remove this message
1677:"Vedamu.org - Vedic Literature - Course"
1505:who do not accept a particular position.
1266:Manuscripts of Samhita exist.Recited by
1248:edited (8 Brahmanas in all), no accents
529:
394:to refer to an adherent of a particular
1642:"After millennia a Tradition is Reborn"
14:
1730:
855:The Yajurvedin shakhas are divided in
525:
425:are sometimes used synonymously, yet
1581:
1579:
1577:
1575:
800:adding citations to reliable sources
767:
73:adding citations to reliable sources
44:
24:
1654:a lost Upanishad reconstructed by
1491:A Source Book in Indian Philosophy
1079:TS, Present all over India and in
898:(TS) with an additional Brahmana,
25:
1754:
1679:. January 6, 2009. Archived from
1572:
1123:virtually same as the Upanishad
772:
560:of the Atharvaveda, ascribed to
173:
49:
1669:
1648:
1634:
1603:
1516:A Practical Sanskrit Dictionary
1342:
1114:MS, Recited by few Brahmins in
710:, written in the 11th century.
60:needs additional citations for
1551:
1542:The Origins of Yoga and Tantra
1534:
1521:
1508:
1483:
1474:
977:= SBM XIV. 3–8, with accents,
871:Vājasaneyi Samhita Madhyandina
30:For the daily meetings of the
13:
1:
1691:
1567:A Sanskrit-English Dictionary
1014:survives as book XVII of SBK
968:Madhyandina Shatapatha (SBM)
763:
1724:, Paris, 1989, 97–265.
1312:Jaiminiya Upanishad Brahmana
1175:
390:. The term is also used in
7:
1703:State wise list of shakhas
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1181:
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385:
374:, "branch" or "limb") is a
367:
32:Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh
10:
1759:
1714:Tracing the Vedic dialects
1351:217 to 219 of chapter 27,
1292:Samhita edited.Recited by
1201:203 to 210 of chapter 27,
1151:, Katha-Shiksha Upanishad
1047:
29:
930:
38:. For the palm tree, see
1662:, chapter 1. M. Witzel,
1569:, p. 1062, right column.
1439:
1018:Brihadaranyaka Upanishad
975:Brihadaranyaka Upanishad
922:Kapiṣṭhala-Katha Saṃhita
879:Vājasaneyi Samhita Kānva
259:Kapisthala Kahta Samhita
27:Hindu theological school
1627:of K. P. Aithal (ed.),
1518:. p. 429, middle column
670:, The Bashkala has the
1565:see: Monier-Williams,
1127:Maitrayaniya Upanishad
539:
1544:; Bronkhorst (2007),
993:Currently recited by
533:
257:Karaka Katha Samhita
1660:Taittiriya Upanishad
1288:Jaiminiya/Talavakara
1102:Taittiriya Upanishad
914:Caraka-Katha Saṃhita
796:improve this section
69:improve this article
1255:Chandogya Upanishad
1096:Taittiriya Aranyaka
1090:Taittiriya Brahmana
1022:Ishavasya Upanishad
1020:=SBK,with accents,
979:Ishavasya Upanishad
900:Taittiriya Brahmana
890:Krishna Yajurveda:
885:Shatapatha Brahmana
688:There is, however,
580:Saraswati Gangadhar
1623:2016-03-14 at the
1282:Same as Kauthuma.
1272:Deshastha Brahmins
1215:Jaiminiya Brahmana
1085:Chitpavan Brahmins
964:Deshastha Brahmins
906:Maitrayani Saṃhita
894:Taittirīya Saṃhita
867:Shukla Yajurveda:
757:Aitreya Upanishad
672:Kausitaki-Brahmana
642:of which only the
540:
526:Summary of schools
467:(one of the "four
254:Maitrayani Samhita
250:Taittiriya Samhita
221:Bhanumanoupamayava
1591:mr.wikisource.org
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1428:
1400:Mundaka Upanishad
1353:Shri Gurucharitra
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1149:Kathaka Upanishad
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1644:. 12 June 2018.
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1616:. B.K. Sastry,
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781:This section
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481:Shrautasutras
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445:śākhām adhite
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58:This article
56:
52:
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37:
33:
19:
1717:
1713:
1681:the original
1671:
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1594:. Retrieved
1590:
1566:
1561:Caraṇa-vyūha
1558:
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1528:
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1515:
1514:V. S. Apte.
1510:
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1358:
1346:
1343:Atharva Veda
1324:
1314:) published
1287:
1261:
1240:
1208:
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1189:Caraṇa-vyuha
1186:
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1134:Caraka-Katha
1133:
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1072:
1029:
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911:
903:
891:
887:(ShBM, ShBK)
876:
868:
860:
859:(White) and
856:
854:
843:Caraṇa-vyuha
840:
833:
818:
809:
794:Please help
782:
742:
712:
703:
699:
687:
676:
661:
606:Caraṇa-vyuha
603:
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546:Caraṇa-vyūha
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365:
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311:Caranavaidya
227:Varshgagavya
211:Shatyamukhya
131:
122:
112:
105:
98:
91:
79:
67:Please help
62:verification
59:
36:Sangh Shakha
1157:Kapishthala
1083:recited by
988:Kanva (VSK)
639:Māṇḍukāyana
518:śākhāraṇḍaḥ
485:Grhyasutras
457:śākhābhedaḥ
287:Atharvaveda
34:(RSS), see
1732:Categories
1692:References
1596:2016-12-12
1408:Paippalada
1380:Upanishad
1325:Shatyayana
1302:Tamil nadu
1294:Nambudiris
1262:Ranayaniya
1235:Upanishad
1110:Maitrayani
1074:Taittiriya
1067:Upanishad
950:Upanishad
850:Taittiriya
812:March 2024
764:Yajur Veda
737:Upanishad
716:Śaṅkhāyana
708:Devasvamin
695:Aśvalāyana
685:35 to 38.
633:Śaṅkhāyana
627:Aśvalāyana
489:Upanishads
307:Brahmavada
295:Paippalada
277:Madhyandin
231:Shakugitre
165:and their
95:newspapers
1377:Aranyaka
1374:Brahmana
1232:Aranyaka
1229:Brahmana
1211:Jaiminiya
1176:Sama Veda
1064:Aranyaka
1061:Brahmana
1030:Katyayana
1024:= VSK 40
981:= VSM 40
947:Aranyaka
944:Brahmana
783:does not
734:Aranyaka
731:Brahmana
692:from the
574:Kātyāyana
568:pariśiṣṭa
555:pariśiṣṭa
536:Aryavarta
477:Aranyakas
309:Devadarsa
234:Jaiminiya
219:Goulgulvi
194:Bhashkala
125:July 2023
1621:Archived
1386:Shaunaka
1371:Samhita
1298:choliyal
1241:Kauthuma
1226:Samhita
1058:Samhita
1005:and few
941:Samhita
728:Samhita
666:has the
593:Rig Veda
562:Shaunaka
506:Brāhmaṇa
498:Brāhmaṇa
473:Brahmana
363:Sanskrit
292:Shaunaka
209:Ranayana
205:Samaveda
152:a series
150:Part of
84:"Shakha"
1722:Caillat
1631:, 1983.
1612:(1876)
1503:śākhins
1368:Shakha
1268:Gokarna
1223:Shakha
1182:Śaunaka
1055:Shakha
1048:Krishna
1001:, some
938:Shakha
926:(KapS).
883:(VSK):
875:(VSM),
861:Krishna
836:Śaunaka
804:removed
789:sources
744:Saakala
725:Shakha
704:bhashya
663:Shakala
658:Khilani
653:Bāṣkala
621:Bāṣkala
599:Śaunaka
464:Saṃhita
261:Kathaka
229:Kuthuma
215:Bhaguri
190:Shakala
185:Rigveda
167:Shakhas
109:scholar
18:Shakhas
1618:review
1497:
1081:Konkan
931:Shukla
918:(KS),
910:(MS),
902:(TB),
857:Shukla
646:Śākala
636:, and
614:Śākala
429:caraṇa
413:caraṇa
405:caraṇa
386:śākhin
359:shakha
305:Kuntap
303:Jalada
301:Jajala
297:Stauda
275:Kanava
223:Karati
217:Olundi
111:
104:
97:
90:
82:
1738:Vedas
1440:Notes
1270:,and
1116:Nasik
1104:(TU)
1098:(TA)
1007:Iyers
700:vrtti
512:śākhā
469:Vedas
437:śākhā
421:śākhā
380:Vedic
376:Hindu
369:śākhā
299:Mauda
213:Vyasa
163:Vedas
116:JSTOR
102:books
1720:ed.
1614:p. 9
1495:ISBN
1296:and
787:any
785:cite
713:The
650:and
487:and
417:and
88:news
1716:in
1349:Ovi
1300:of
1199:Ovi
1197:In
1185:'s
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65:.
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20:)
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