520:
763:
40:
164:
1194:
mentions 8 of the thousands of shakhas namely āsurāyaṇīyā, vāsurāyaṇīya़ā, vātāntareyā, prāṃjalī, ṛjñagvainavidhā, prācīna yogyaśākhā, jñānayoga and rāṇāyaṇīyā (आसुरायणीया, वासुरायणीय़ा, वातान्तरेया, प्रांजली, ऋज्ञग्वैनविधा, प्राचीन योग्यशाखा, ज्ञानयोग, राणायणीया). Of these rāṇāyaṇīyā (राणायणीया) has
1420:
The
Paippalada tradition was discontinued, and its text is known only from manuscripts collected since the 20th century. However some Orissa Brahmins still continue the tradition of Paippalada. No Brahmana is known for the Shaunaka shakha. The Paippalada is possibly associated with the
1575:
669:
mentions 12 shakhas for the Rig Veda namely śrāvakā, śravaṇiyā, jaṭā, śaphaṭa, pāṭhakrama(2), daṇḍa, aśvalāyanī, śāṃkhāyanī, śākalā, bāṣkalā and māṇḍūkā (श्रावका, श्रवणिया, जटा, शफट, पाठक्रम(2), दण्ड, अश्वलायनी, शांखायनी, शाकला, बाष्कला, माण्डूका) in
836:
lists forty-two or forty-four out of eighty-six shakhas for the Yajur Veda, but that only five of these are now extant, with a sixth partially extant. For the Yajur Veda the five (partially in six) shakhas are the (Vajasaneyi
Madhandina, Kanva;
1195:
10 shakhas namely rāṇāyaṇīyā, sāṃkhyāyanī, śāṭhyā, mugdala, khalvalā, mahākhalvalā, lāṅgalā, kaithumā, gautamā and jaiminī (राणायणीया, सांख्यायनी, शाठ्या, मुग्दल, खल्वला, महाखल्वला, लाङ्गला, कैथुमा, गौतमा, जैमिनी).
1182:
lists twelve shakhas for the Sama Veda out of a thousand that are said to have once existed, but that of these only one or perhaps two are still extant. The two
Samaveda recensions are the Jaiminiya and Kauthuma.
565:. These have lists of the numbers of recensions that were believed to have once existed as well as those still extant at the time the works were compiled. Only a small number of recensions have survived.
1344:
mentions 9 shakhas namely paippalā, dāntā, pradāṃta, stotā, autā, brahmadā yaśadā, śaunakī, vedadarśā and caraṇavidyā (पैप्पला, दान्ता, प्रदांत, स्तोता, औता, ब्रह्मदा यशदा, शौनकी, वेददर्शा, चरणविद्या).
1351:
For the
Atharvaveda, both the Shaunakiya and the Paippalada traditions contain textual corruptions, and the original text of the Atharvaveda may only be approximated from comparison between the two.
491:
had come to be applied to all members of the priestly class, but there were subdivisions within this order based both on varna (class) and on the shakha (branch) with which they were affiliated. A
1336:
Only one shakha of an original nine is now extant for the
Atharvaveda. The nine sakhas were Paippalada, Tauda, Mauda, Shaunakiya, Jajala, Jalada, Brahmavada, Devadarsa and Chaarana-Vaidya. In
1405:
as samhita patha only. otherwise, two manuscripts survive: Kashmiri (mostly edited) and Oriya (partly edited, by Dipak
Bhattacharya and others, unaccented)
852:(Black) schools. The White recensions have separate Brahmanas, while the Black ones have their(much earlier) Brahmanas interspersed between the Mantras.
527:
until after Vedic times, despite the presence of sakhas. It constituted a culturally markedly different region, which gave rise to
Jainism and Buddhism.
483:
In traditional Hindu society affiliation with a specific school is an important aspect of class identity. By the end of the Rig Vedic period the term
696:
333:
182:
1348:
The
Shaunaka is the only shakha of the Atharvaveda for which both printed texts and an active oral tradition are known to still exist.
1286:
371:
texts, or else the traditional texts followed by such a school. An individual follower of a particular school or recension is called a
1609:
1665:
708:
shakha has been recently rediscovered in
Banswada in Rajasthan where two septuagenarians are the last surviving practitioners.
1487:
810:
123:
104:
792:
523:
Late Vedic culture (1100-500 BCE), with shakhas shown in red. The Kosala-Magadha region was not considered part of
76:
326:
1518:
The Wonder That Was India: A Survey of the
Culture of the Indian Sub-Continent Before The Coming Of The Muslims
788:
61:
83:
357:
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1602:
649:
which are not present in the Shakala text but is preserved in one Kashmir manuscript (now at Pune). The
20:
1630:
90:
319:
398:, ("conduct of life" or "behavior") is also used to refer to such a Vedic school: "although the words
1150:
KapS (fragmentary manuscript, only first sections accented), edited (without accents) by Raghu Vira.
1006:
963:
773:
72:
784:
777:
57:
50:
1731:
1115:
442:)". The schools have different points of view, described as "difference of (Vedic) school" (
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1090:
140:
8:
1693:
1243:
1084:
1078:
888:
873:
691:) by Gargya Naranaya. Gargya Naranaya's commentary was based on the longer commentary or
645:
and very few of Asvalayana are now extant. The Bashkala recension of the Rigveda has the
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1490:. p. 560. The example is given here of a text which refers to a dispute involving
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987:
687:
shakha, both a shrauta sutra and a grhya sutra, both surviving with a commentary (
578:
The schools are enumerated below, categorised according to the Veda each expounds.
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144:
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properly applies to the sect or collection of persons united in one school, and
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1698:
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Journal of the Nepal Research Centre, Vol. 1, Wiesbaden-Kathmandu 1977, pp. 135
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1435:
1720:
1482:. Princeton University Press; 1957. Princeton paperback 12th edition, 1989.
1296:
Brahmana published (without accents) – Jaiminiya Brahmana, Arsheya Brahmana
1337:
1293:
Two distinct styles of Saman recitation, partially recorded and published.
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976:
671:
469:
24:
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531:
The traditional source of information on the shakhas of each Veda is the
275:
1290:
838:
473:
242:
1460:
Monier-Williams, A Sanskrit-English Dictionary, p. 1062, right column.
1653:
An unknown Upanisad of the Krsna Yajurveda: The Katha-Siksa-Upanisad.
1282:
1199:
562:
540:
524:
477:
222:
1599:
Catalogue of Sanskrit, Pali, and Prakrit Books in the British Museum
762:
39:
550:
465:
461:
351:
280:
193:
1694:
Vedpradip :: A Resource on Preservation and Research of Vedas
1688:
Vedpradip :: A Resource on Preservation and Research of Vedas
1446:
V. S. Apte. A Practical Sanskrit Dictionary, p. 913, left column.
1382:
Fragmentary Gopatha Brahmana (extant and published), no accents.
646:
492:
484:
384:
178:
173:
155:
1469:
V. S. Apte. A Practical Sanskrit Dictionary, p. 913, left column
1379:
AVS, edited and recited by all over North India and South India
1069:
1104:
457:
368:
364:
163:
151:
995:
951:
Currently recited by all over North Indian Brahmins and by
1546:
For a brief summary of the shakhas as given in Shaunaka's
1414:
Prashna Upanishad, Sharabha Upanishad etc. – all edited.
539:, of which two, mostly similar, versions exist: the 49th
1478:
E.g., Radhakrishnan, Sarvepalli; and Moore, Charles A.
575:
describes different shakhas of 4 Vedas in 27th chapter.
367:
theological school that specializes in learning certain
499:
who changed school would be called "a traitor to his
1234:
edited,Recited by all over North and in South India
1134:(almost the entire text from a solitary manuscript)
1081:(TB) and Vadhula Br. (part of Vadhula Srautrasutra)
1000:Kanva Shatapatha (SBK)(different from madhyandina)
430:to the traditional text followed, as in the phrase
64:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
460:" properly so-called), as well as its associated
1718:
1686:List of Pundits from different shakhas in India
841:, Maitrayani, Caraka-Katha, Kapisthala-Katha).
571:'s devotional poetry written in Marathi called
1647:as having been very similar in content to the
1618:Asvalayana Grihya Sutra Bhashyam of Devasvamin
960:survives as Shatapatha XIV.1-8, with accents.
1707:Dialectes dans les litteratures Indo-Aryennes
1520:. (Grove Press, Inc.: New York, 1954) p. 139.
1268:None. The Samhita itself has the ‘Aranyaka’.
1240:None. The Samhita itself has the ‘Aranyaka’.
440:"he recites a particular version of the Veda"
327:
1299:Tamil Nadu version of Talavakara Aranyaka (=
561:of the Śukla (White) Yajurveda, ascribed to
450:). Each school would learn a specific Vedic
1198:The Kauthuma shakha has the PB, SadvB, the
791:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
1408:lost, similar to that of Gopatha Brahmana
334:
320:
1576:"गुरूचरित्र/अध्याय सव्विसावा - विकिस्रोत"
1265:Same as Kauthuma with minor differences.
811:Learn how and when to remove this message
599:lists five shakhas for the Rig Veda, the
124:Learn how and when to remove this message
1666:"Vedamu.org - Vedic Literature - Course"
1494:who do not accept a particular position.
1255:Manuscripts of Samhita exist.Recited by
1237:edited (8 Brahmanas in all), no accents
518:
383:to refer to an adherent of a particular
1631:"After millennia a Tradition is Reborn"
1719:
844:The Yajurvedin shakhas are divided in
514:
414:are sometimes used synonymously, yet
1570:
1568:
1566:
1564:
789:adding citations to reliable sources
756:
62:adding citations to reliable sources
33:
13:
1643:a lost Upanishad reconstructed by
1480:A Source Book in Indian Philosophy
1068:TS, Present all over India and in
887:(TS) with an additional Brahmana,
14:
1743:
1668:. January 6, 2009. Archived from
1561:
1112:virtually same as the Upanishad
761:
549:of the Atharvaveda, ascribed to
162:
38:
1658:
1637:
1623:
1592:
1505:A Practical Sanskrit Dictionary
1331:
1103:MS, Recited by few Brahmins in
699:, written in the 11th century.
49:needs additional citations for
1540:
1531:The Origins of Yoga and Tantra
1523:
1510:
1497:
1472:
1463:
966:= SBM XIV. 3–8, with accents,
860:Vājasaneyi Samhita Madhyandina
19:For the daily meetings of the
1:
1680:
1556:A Sanskrit-English Dictionary
1003:survives as book XVII of SBK
957:Madhyandina Shatapatha (SBM)
752:
1713:, Paris, 1989, 97–265.
1301:Jaiminiya Upanishad Brahmana
1164:
379:. The term is also used in
7:
1692:State wise list of shakhas
1549:
1177:
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910:
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393:
374:
363:, "branch" or "limb") is a
356:
21:Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh
10:
1748:
1703:Tracing the Vedic dialects
1340:217 to 219 of chapter 27,
1281:Samhita edited.Recited by
1190:203 to 210 of chapter 27,
1140:, Katha-Shiksha Upanishad
1036:
18:
919:
27:. For the palm tree, see
1651:, chapter 1. M. Witzel,
1558:, p. 1062, right column.
1428:
1007:Brihadaranyaka Upanishad
964:Brihadaranyaka Upanishad
911:Kapiṣṭhala-Katha Saṃhita
868:Vājasaneyi Samhita Kānva
248:Kapisthala Kahta Samhita
16:Hindu theological school
1616:of K. P. Aithal (ed.),
1507:. p. 429, middle column
659:, The Bashkala has the
1554:see: Monier-Williams,
1116:Maitrayaniya Upanishad
528:
1533:; Bronkhorst (2007),
982:Currently recited by
522:
246:Karaka Katha Samhita
1649:Taittiriya Upanishad
1277:Jaiminiya/Talavakara
1091:Taittiriya Upanishad
903:Caraka-Katha Saṃhita
785:improve this section
58:improve this article
1244:Chandogya Upanishad
1085:Taittiriya Aranyaka
1079:Taittiriya Brahmana
1011:Ishavasya Upanishad
1009:=SBK,with accents,
968:Ishavasya Upanishad
889:Taittiriya Brahmana
879:Krishna Yajurveda:
874:Shatapatha Brahmana
677:There is, however,
569:Saraswati Gangadhar
1612:2016-03-14 at the
1271:Same as Kauthuma.
1261:Deshastha Brahmins
1204:Jaiminiya Brahmana
1074:Chitpavan Brahmins
953:Deshastha Brahmins
895:Maitrayani Saṃhita
883:Taittirīya Saṃhita
856:Shukla Yajurveda:
746:Aitreya Upanishad
661:Kausitaki-Brahmana
631:of which only the
529:
515:Summary of schools
456:(one of the "four
243:Maitrayani Samhita
239:Taittiriya Samhita
210:Bhanumanoupamayava
1580:mr.wikisource.org
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1389:Mundaka Upanishad
1342:Shri Gurucharitra
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1138:Kathaka Upanishad
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946:Madhyandina (VSM)
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1401:AVP; recited by
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1633:. 12 June 2018.
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470:Shrautasutras
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434:śākhām adhite
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63:
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47:This article
45:
41:
36:
35:
30:
26:
22:
1706:
1702:
1670:the original
1660:
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1639:
1625:
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1598:
1594:
1583:. Retrieved
1579:
1555:
1550:Caraṇa-vyūha
1547:
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1512:
1504:
1503:V. S. Apte.
1499:
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1350:
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1335:
1332:Atharva Veda
1313:
1303:) published
1276:
1250:
1229:
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1178:Caraṇa-vyuha
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1123:Caraka-Katha
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892:
880:
876:(ShBM, ShBK)
865:
857:
849:
848:(White) and
845:
843:
832:Caraṇa-vyuha
829:
822:
807:
798:
783:Please help
771:
731:
701:
692:
688:
676:
665:
650:
595:Caraṇa-vyuha
592:
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567:
554:
541:
535:Caraṇa-vyūha
532:
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407:
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354:
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300:Caranavaidya
216:Varshgagavya
200:Shatyamukhya
120:
111:
101:
94:
87:
80:
68:
56:Please help
51:verification
48:
25:Sangh Shakha
1146:Kapishthala
1072:recited by
977:Kanva (VSK)
628:Māṇḍukāyana
507:śākhāraṇḍaḥ
474:Grhyasutras
446:śākhābhedaḥ
276:Atharvaveda
23:(RSS), see
1721:Categories
1681:References
1585:2016-12-12
1397:Paippalada
1369:Upanishad
1314:Shatyayana
1291:Tamil nadu
1283:Nambudiris
1251:Ranayaniya
1224:Upanishad
1099:Maitrayani
1063:Taittiriya
1056:Upanishad
939:Upanishad
839:Taittiriya
801:March 2024
753:Yajur Veda
726:Upanishad
705:Śaṅkhāyana
697:Devasvamin
684:Aśvalāyana
674:35 to 38.
622:Śaṅkhāyana
616:Aśvalāyana
478:Upanishads
296:Brahmavada
284:Paippalada
266:Madhyandin
220:Shakugitre
154:and their
84:newspapers
1366:Aranyaka
1363:Brahmana
1221:Aranyaka
1218:Brahmana
1200:Jaiminiya
1165:Sama Veda
1053:Aranyaka
1050:Brahmana
1019:Katyayana
1013:= VSK 40
970:= VSM 40
936:Aranyaka
933:Brahmana
772:does not
723:Aranyaka
720:Brahmana
681:from the
563:Kātyāyana
557:pariśiṣṭa
544:pariśiṣṭa
525:Aryavarta
466:Aranyakas
298:Devadarsa
223:Jaiminiya
208:Goulgulvi
183:Bhashkala
114:July 2023
1610:Archived
1375:Shaunaka
1360:Samhita
1287:choliyal
1230:Kauthuma
1215:Samhita
1047:Samhita
994:and few
930:Samhita
717:Samhita
655:has the
582:Rig Veda
551:Shaunaka
495:Brāhmaṇa
487:Brāhmaṇa
462:Brahmana
352:Sanskrit
281:Shaunaka
198:Ranayana
194:Samaveda
141:a series
139:Part of
73:"Shakha"
1711:Caillat
1620:, 1983.
1601:(1876)
1492:śākhins
1357:Shakha
1257:Gokarna
1212:Shakha
1171:Śaunaka
1044:Shakha
1037:Krishna
990:, some
927:Shakha
915:(KapS).
872:(VSK):
864:(VSM),
850:Krishna
825:Śaunaka
793:removed
778:sources
733:Saakala
714:Shakha
693:bhashya
652:Shakala
647:Khilani
642:Bāṣkala
610:Bāṣkala
588:Śaunaka
453:Saṃhita
250:Kathaka
218:Kuthuma
204:Bhaguri
179:Shakala
174:Rigveda
156:Shakhas
98:scholar
1607:review
1486:
1070:Konkan
920:Shukla
907:(KS),
899:(MS),
891:(TB),
846:Shukla
635:Śākala
625:, and
603:Śākala
418:caraṇa
402:caraṇa
394:caraṇa
375:śākhin
348:shakha
294:Kuntap
292:Jalada
290:Jajala
286:Stauda
264:Kanava
212:Karati
206:Olundi
100:
93:
86:
79:
71:
1727:Vedas
1429:Notes
1259:,and
1105:Nasik
1093:(TU)
1087:(TA)
996:Iyers
689:vrtti
501:śākhā
458:Vedas
426:śākhā
410:śākhā
369:Vedic
365:Hindu
358:śākhā
288:Mauda
202:Vyasa
152:Vedas
105:JSTOR
91:books
1709:ed.
1603:p. 9
1484:ISBN
1285:and
776:any
774:cite
702:The
639:and
476:and
406:and
77:news
1705:in
1338:Ovi
1289:of
1188:Ovi
1186:In
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695:by
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31:.
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