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1403:'s 2 Foreign Paratroop Regiment had 600 troops, who took back Kolwezi after a seven-day battle and airlifted 2,250 European citizens to Belgium but not before the FNLC had massacred 80 Europeans and 200 Africans. In one instance, the FNLC killed 34 European civilians who had hidden in a room. However, Zairean helicopter pilot
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coerced Angola and Zaire into negotiations leading to a non-aggression pact. That ended support for insurgencies in each other's countries. Zaire temporarily cut off support to the
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1939:
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1419:) forcibly evicted civilians along Shaba's 105-kilometre-long (65 mi) border with Angola, and Mobutu ordered them to shoot on sight.
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1945:
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905:
167:
1670:
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1010:
400:
2311:
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2050:
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The U.S. worked with France in repelling the invaders in the first military co-operation between the two since the
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1713:
724:
412:
2103:
1958:
1745:
1433:
1416:
1099:
1072:
965:
781:
744:
472:
1787:
1472:
632:
2373:
2068:
950:
793:
678:
2398:
1970:
1770:
1164:
1114:
840:
803:
756:
497:
2108:
1892:
1159:
1082:
970:
719:
648:
1617:
2256:
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2098:
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1270:
1067:
490:
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1867:
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1826:
1260:
1186:
579:
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538:
1965:
1887:
1415:
The FNLC retreated to Zambia and back to Angola, vowing to return. The
Zairian armed forces (
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claims that many of the civilian deaths were caused by
Zairian armed forces, not the FLNC.
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8:
2408:
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1307:(now Katanga) in 1978. The conflict broke out on 11 May 1978 after 6,500 rebels from the
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545:
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509:
1315:
into Zaire in an attempt to achieve the province's secession from the
Zairian regime of
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2027:
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2011:
1951:
1698:
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1233:
1201:
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https://books.google.com/books?id=U47B0mwVU_4C&dq=pierre+yambuya+flnc&pg=PA757
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The Cuban
Intervention in Angola, 1965-1991: From Che Guevara to Cuito Cuanavale
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1998:
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1473:""OPÉRATION LÉOPARD" Une intervention humanitaire Kolwezi 17 mai-16 juin 1978"
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1358:(FNLA) and the National Union for the Total Independence of Angola (
1503:
Widstrand, Carl Gösta, Timothy M. Shaw, and
Douglas George Anglin.
34:
2347:
1897:
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1362:), and Angola forbade further activity by the Shaba separatists.
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1311:(FNLC), a Katangese separatist militia, crossed the border from
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NDAYWELE NZIEM, ISIDORE, Histoire Générale du Congo, p.757 see
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Shaba II: The French and
Belgian Intervention in Zaire in 1978
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victory; mutual end of support for other nations' rebel groups
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The
Mobutist government appealed for foreign assistance and
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2384:Civil wars in the Democratic Republic of the Congo
1352:Front for the Liberation of the Enclave of Cabinda
2419:Communism in the Democratic Republic of the Congo
2336:Democratic Republic of the Congo–Rwanda relations
1319:. The FNLC captured the important mining town of
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1339:military intervention beat back the invasion,
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1564:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
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861:Assassination of Laurent-Désiré Kabila
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2414:Cold War military history of France
1709:East African campaign (World War I)
1356:National Liberation Front of Angola
1309:Congolese National Liberation Front
1299:was a brief conflict fought in the
1239:Allied Democratic Forces insurgency
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1783:Torture and killing of Lumumba
1591:Inside Kolwezi: Toll of Terror
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628:Torture and killing of Lumumba
1:
1714:Belgian Congo in World War II
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1410:
1373:elements involved included a
2104:2009 Eastern Congo offensive
1482:. Defense.gouv.fr. p. 8
1434:Cuban intervention in Angola
1145:M23 offensive (2022–present)
1073:2009 Eastern Congo offensive
745:Assassination of Habyarimana
16:Historical military conflict
7:
2069:Operation North Night Final
1971:Ascension of Laurent Kabila
1422:
1385:, and other airlift wings.
1379:435th Tactical Airlift Wing
1281:Child soldiers in the Congo
804:Ascension of Laurent Kabila
679:Non-aggression pact of 1979
321:1 aircraft slightly damaged
10:
2435:
1392:
757:Great Lakes refugee crisis
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2109:2014 North Kivu offensive
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1979:
1923:
1880:
1788:Death of Dag Hammarskjöld
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1471:Ministère de la Défense.
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1083:2014 North Kivu offensive
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725:War in Uganda (1986–1994)
720:Second Sudanese Civil War
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658:
633:Death of Dag Hammarskjöld
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379:
268:
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83:
40:
28:
23:
2257:Western DR Congo clashes
1946:AFD insurgency (1996–99)
1276:Western DR Congo clashes
1256:2011 coup d'etat attempt
331:~250 killed - 400 killed
214:Valéry Giscard d'Estaing
2247:Kamwina Nsapu rebellion
2198:M23 offensive (2022–24)
2099:2008 Nord-Kivu campaign
2017:Assassination of Kabila
1746:Force Publique mutinies
1417:Forces Armées Zaïroises
1271:Kamwina Nsapu rebellion
1078:M23 rebellion (2012–13)
1068:2008 Nord-Kivu campaign
473:Force Publique mutinies
48:11 May – June 1978
2389:Wars involving Belgium
1846:Port Francqui incident
1187:Kasindi church bombing
966:October 2020 offensive
558:Port Francqui incident
174:Commanders and leaders
2394:Wars involving France
2324:during the Congo Wars
2237:2013 Kinshasa attacks
1960:Operation Thunderbolt
1935:Formation of the AFDL
1888:Stanleyville mutinies
1401:French Foreign Legion
1266:2013 Kinshasa attacks
1150:Anti-MONUSCO protests
772:Formation of the AFDL
269:Casualties and losses
2242:2014 Mutarule attack
2151:2017 Semuliki attack
2114:2017 CNPSC offensive
2075:Plaine Savo massacre
1719:Masisi-Lubutu revolt
1546:on 12 September 2011
1088:2017 CNPSC offensive
602:Violettes Imperiales
307:1 paratrooper killed
2341:tensions since 2022
2331:Belgian colonialism
2270:Perennial conflicts
2252:2018 Yumbi massacre
2155:Nationwide attacks
2043:Post-2003 conflicts
1966:Overthrow of Mobutu
1375:Combat Control Team
1327:Foreign involvement
1182:August 2022 attacks
846:Gbadolite Agreement
799:Overthrow of Mobutu
735:Burundian Civil War
238:Abdelkader Loubaris
2374:Cold War in Africa
2312:Conflict resources
2277:Katanga insurgency
2232:Batwa–Luba clashes
2028:Effacer le tableau
2022:Kisangani massacre
1952:Kichwamba massacre
1940:Massacres of Hutus
1771:Congo-Stanleyville
1726:LĂ©opoldville riots
1699:Batetela rebellion
1383:445th Airlift Wing
1261:Batwa–Luba clashes
1234:Katanga insurgency
1202:Kirindera massacre
981:Nyamamba and Mbogi
872:Effacer le tableau
866:Kisangani massacre
851:Sun City Agreement
777:Massacres of Hutus
617:Other major events
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425:LĂ©opoldville riots
418:1944 Kivu uprising
310:European civilians
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2034:ICC investigation
1915:1991 Zaire unrest
1908:Battle of Kolwezi
1750:Secession crisis
1648:Conflicts in the
1523:, 2005. Page 136.
1507:, 1978. Page 130.
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2171:Operation Shujaa
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1992:Operation Kitona
1981:Second Congo War
1810:Battle of Kabalo
1666:Congo Free State
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1600:
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1539:. Archived from
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1244:Operation Shujaa
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2126:Kipupu massacre
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2005:Bogoro massacre
1983:
1975:
1927:
1925:First Congo War
1919:
1893:Shaba invasions
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1863:Simba rebellion
1858:Kwilu rebellion
1853:Kanyarwanda War
1793:UN intervention
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1704:Battle of Rejaf
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1593:, 5 June 1978.
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1534:"Archived copy"
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1341:just as in 1977
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1048:Lemera massacre
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2193:M23 rebellion
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2172:
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2146:Beni massacre
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2119:Uvira clashes
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2089:Kivu conflict
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2018:
2015:
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408:Belgian Congo
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370:Conflicts in
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317:United States
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226:Leo Tindemans
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153:United States
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63:
59:
55:
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36:
32:
27:
22:
19:
2185:M23 conflict
2067:
2060:
2026:
1997:
1990:
1959:
1944:
1902:
1869:Dragon Rouge
1868:
1834:
1827:Camp Massart
1820:
1798:
1736:Congo Crisis
1661:Colonization
1594:
1586:
1574:
1548:. Retrieved
1541:the original
1528:
1520:
1504:
1484:. Retrieved
1479:
1414:
1398:
1364:
1354:(FLEC), the
1345:
1330:
1303:province of
1296:
1295:
870:
833:
782:
764:
707:
666:
616:
615:
608:
601:
594:
587:
581:Dragon Rouge
580:
546:
539:Camp Massart
532:
510:
462:Congo Crisis
391:Colonization
383:
333:160 captured
326:
316:
309:
302:
295:
286:
274:
84:Belligerents
29:Part of the
18:
2139:(Post-2007)
2054:(Post-2003)
2012:Six-Day War
1984:(1998–2003)
1928:(1996–1997)
1759:South Kasai
1739:(1960–1965)
1550:13 December
1367:Vietnam War
976:Plaine Savo
856:Six-Day War
783:Thunderbolt
595:White Giant
588:Dragon Noir
486:South Kasai
413:during WWII
2409:Proxy wars
2368:Categories
2293:Overview /
1815:Jadotville
1671:Atrocities
1445:References
1411:Conclusion
794:Kinsangani
789:Lubumbashi
708:Background
527:Jadotville
401:Atrocities
384:Background
314:120 killed
293:20 wounded
284:500 killed
282:Civilians:
1881:1966–1995
1835:Grandslam
1799:Rum Punch
547:Grandslam
511:Rum Punch
291:11 killed
280:8 wounded
278:14 killed
1903:Shaba II
1764:Invasion
1687:Pre-1960
1599:magazine
1560:cite web
1423:See also
1297:Shaba II
1115:Kangbayi
986:Response
667:Shaba II
491:Invasion
372:DR Congo
300:1 killed
202:Guy MĂ©ry
53:Location
35:Cold War
33:and the
24:Shaba II
2348:MONUSCO
2164:2021–24
1898:Shaba I
1754:Katanga
1486:1 April
1439:Shaba I
1337:Belgian
1321:Kolwezi
1301:Zairean
1135:Bulongo
1105:Virunga
990:UN 1484
956:Marabho
946:Artemis
888:MONUSCO
662:Shaba I
481:Katanga
327:Katanga
303:Morocco
296:Belgium
140:Morocco
127:Belgium
73:Zairian
2215:Others
1821:UNOKAT
1381:, the
1333:French
1313:Angola
1130:Mwenda
1125:Tingwe
1120:Lisasa
961:Ndjala
941:Bogoro
533:UNOKAT
287:France
275:Zaire:
150:
137:
124:
114:France
111:
98:
69:Result
1544:(PDF)
1537:(PDF)
1476:(PDF)
1360:UNITA
1305:Shaba
1218:Other
1100:Oicha
609:South
101:Zaire
62:Zaire
58:Shaba
2159:2020
1596:Time
1566:link
1552:2011
1488:2014
1399:The
1348:Cuba
1335:and
168:FNLC
45:Date
765:War
2370::
1562:}}
1558:{{
1512:^
1496:^
1478:.
1453:^
1369:.
1343:.
1323:.
60:,
1641:e
1634:t
1627:v
1568:)
1554:.
1490:.
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921:e
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907:v
453:e
446:t
439:v
362:e
355:t
348:v
329::
319::
312::
305::
298::
289::
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
