118:
153:
136:
108:
172:
1405:
2306:
1741:
179:
1864:
Moors, and personally directed the boat party that attacked the Red Sands. The Moors did nothing to prevent the boat party from disembarking. After landing them, the boats returned to the fleet. The attackers found themselves on a beach between the sea and a high stone wall. The tide was coming in, reducing the beach to a narrowing strip, and the Moors were raining rocks and arrows on them from above.
1867:
De Guzman, who was superintending the guns on his ship, was warned of the massacre of his men that was occurring on shore. De Guzman went with one of the boats that attempted to rescue the
Spanish force. It became loaded with men. As more tried to board it, the boat capsized and sank. De Guzman
1855:, was given command of the land army, with 2,000 cavalry and large numbers of infantry. A two-pronged attack was planned. The land forces were to come from the north and take the castle and the heights, while the sea party would land on the Red Sands below the west of the Rock and take the town.
1863:
The Moors had received warning of the planned attack and had made preparations to meet it. They had obtained supplies and additional troops from
Grenada and Morocco, and had greatly strengthened the fortifications in the Red Sands area. The Count did not realize the state of preparedness of the
2160:
The
History of Gibraltar: From the Earliest Period of Its Occupation by the Saracens : Comprising Details of the Numerous Conflicts for Its Possession Between the Moors and the Christians, Until Its Final Surrender in 1642 : and of Subsequent Events : with an Appendix Containing
1868:
and forty knights were drowned. Juan de Guzman had found that the castle could not be taken from the north, and was preparing to take his men to help his father when he heard of the disaster. With a demoralized force and no practical action to be taken, Juan de Guzman abandoned the siege.
1826:
after which he regained control. This failure led to the deposition of the King of Fez. The Moors used
Gibraltar as a secure base from which they raided the surrounding country, where Enrique de Guzman owned large estates. They forced the valuable tunny fisheries to close down.
1884:
in 1462. It was only then, despite many earlier offers by the
Christians to redeem the body, that his father's remains could be recovered and placed in a chapel of the Calahorra in the Castle. One of Gibraltar's gateways is named after the
1910:
Various
Spanish chroniclers say that the attack on Gibraltar took place in 1436. However Pero Tafur, a generally reliable source who took part in the attack, indicates that it happened at the end of 1435. King
1089:
630:
553:
1648:
396:
1624:
972:
600:
695:
865:
1034:
1029:
1019:
935:
563:
523:
650:
640:
588:
583:
967:
1238:
790:
1852:
538:
156:
999:
1791:
1617:
860:
222:
139:
2489:
1039:
1769:
2272:
2294:
1302:
1297:
1839:, founder of his noble house, had first captured in 1309. In 1436 Enrique de Guzman managed to organize a strong force of knights from
17:
1711:
670:
57:
2397:
1519:
1835:
Enrique de Guzman wished to stop the depredations, and was also motivated to win fame by recapturing the town that his ancestor
2359:
2336:
2318:
2256:
2190:
2141:
1677:
1638:
1449:
391:
215:
171:
1876:
The Moors found
Enrique de Guzman's body, placed it in a basket and hung it from one of the castle's turrets. In 1445 King
1731:
386:
1414:
1705:
2494:
2484:
2425:
1762:
1191:
1064:
830:
2474:
2287:
1687:
1643:
558:
920:
1074:
700:
208:
620:
2302:
1367:
1024:
319:
309:
1044:
2438:
1755:
1571:
1551:
1384:
1141:
952:
645:
364:
1670:
1609:
1589:
665:
2469:
2280:
1819:
1456:
1221:
1146:
406:
187:
2310:
1836:
1720:
685:
635:
895:
855:
2464:
2433:
1561:
1506:
1094:
675:
381:
359:
262:
1404:
1131:
1104:
1009:
957:
825:
785:
710:
117:
2387:
2367:
2344:
1881:
1526:
1491:
1481:
1426:
1263:
1258:
1216:
1161:
1136:
1126:
1099:
755:
715:
354:
282:
1342:
1283:
1079:
615:
2443:
2410:
2405:
2377:
2372:
2349:
2326:
1823:
1815:
1576:
1536:
1531:
1501:
1496:
1486:
1476:
1352:
1268:
1243:
1196:
1166:
1156:
1121:
770:
735:
725:
314:
304:
257:
890:
453:
2479:
1880:
made Juan de Guzman the Duke of Medina
Sidonia. The duke was to finally capture Gibraltar in the
1682:
1546:
1248:
845:
815:
775:
680:
508:
478:
468:
436:
401:
339:
329:
1186:
1176:
989:
962:
795:
1330:
1325:
947:
925:
910:
905:
820:
765:
625:
548:
518:
426:
344:
267:
2246:
2228:
2131:
1347:
1069:
1059:
760:
740:
334:
2180:
2165:
1840:
2415:
2213:
1848:
1556:
1393:
1320:
1233:
1054:
850:
655:
610:
605:
483:
349:
292:
277:
982:
840:
810:
800:
8:
1362:
977:
875:
660:
578:
498:
421:
252:
2133:
The Great Sea:A Human
History of the Mediterranean: A Human History of the Mediterranean
573:
1912:
1877:
1822:, reacted quickly to news of the Moroccan action, bringing up troops and conducting a
1811:
1787:
1421:
1357:
1181:
1109:
1014:
870:
780:
528:
493:
416:
411:
121:
111:
2252:
2186:
2137:
1657:
1653:
1566:
1541:
1466:
1337:
1211:
1201:
1171:
1004:
930:
885:
880:
835:
745:
705:
690:
568:
513:
488:
448:
324:
287:
1315:
458:
1745:
1596:
1278:
1206:
1084:
1049:
720:
463:
152:
143:
135:
107:
2207:
2158:
1633:
994:
805:
730:
533:
503:
473:
431:
272:
1151:
915:
900:
750:
543:
2458:
376:
200:
72:
59:
2209:
The history of
Gibraltar and of its political relation to events in Europe
1818:. In 1411 Gibraltar was briefly occupied by the King of Fez, or Morocco.
1814:
after the occupation by Castile in 1309–1333 was ended by the successful
1471:
1436:
1431:
1273:
234:
1461:
2305:
1795:
51:
1844:
2095:
1799:
2029:
2182:
Commander of the Armada: The Seventh Duke of Medina Sidonia
2005:
1928:
2107:
2073:
2071:
2046:
2044:
1976:
1995:
1993:
1991:
2083:
2068:
2056:
2041:
1889:, or wicker basket, in which Niebla was displayed.
1625:Evacuation of the Gibraltarian civilian population
2017:
1988:
1964:
1952:
1940:
178:
1810:Gibraltar returned to the control of the Moorish
1618:Military history of Gibraltar during World War II
2456:
2156:
2101:
2035:
2011:
1851:with boats, provisions and soldiers. His son,
230:
2288:
1915:did not hear of the failed attack until 1436.
1763:
216:
1792:Enrique Pérez de Guzmán, 2nd Count de Niebla
140:Enrique Pérez de Guzmán, 2nd Count de Niebla
2295:
2281:
2244:
1934:
1786:(1436) was an unsuccessful attempt by the
1770:
1756:
223:
209:
2226:
2136:. Oxford University Press. p. 398.
2129:
2113:
1982:
2490:Sieges involving the Emirate of Granada
2178:
2089:
1892:
14:
2457:
2276:
2230:A History of Gibraltar and Its Sieges
2205:
2077:
2062:
2050:
2023:
1999:
1970:
1958:
1946:
204:
2245:Tafur, Pero; Letts, Malcolm (1926).
1706:History of nationality in Gibraltar
24:
1802:. He drowned during the attempt.
25:
2506:
2248:Travels And Adventures: 1435–1439
2304:
2157:López de Ayala, Ignacio (1845).
1739:
1403:
177:
170:
151:
134:
116:
106:
2130:Abulafia, David (2011-10-13).
1904:
1830:
13:
1:
2164:. William Pickering. p.
1805:
1794:to capture the stronghold of
1678:Second sovereignty referendum
1572:Thirteenth Siege of Gibraltar
1552:War of the Spanish Succession
2212:. Chapman and Hall. p.
1871:
1820:Yusuf III, Sultan of Granada
1639:First sovereignty referendum
1457:Umayyad conquest of Hispania
7:
1721:Fortifications of Gibraltar
1292:Post-Reconquista Rebellions
10:
2511:
1784:seventh siege of Gibraltar
1562:Twelfth Siege of Gibraltar
1507:Seventh Siege of Gibraltar
30:Seventh siege of Gibraltar
18:Seventh Siege of Gibraltar
2495:Sieges of the Reconquista
2485:15th century in Gibraltar
2424:
2396:
2358:
2335:
2317:
2206:Sayer, Frederick (1865).
2185:. Yale University Press.
1882:eighth siege of Gibraltar
1712:Political development in
1527:Eighth Siege of Gibraltar
1492:Fourth Siege of Gibraltar
1482:Second Siege of Gibraltar
1427:Neanderthals of Gibraltar
397:2nd San Esteban de Gormaz
392:1st San Esteban de Gormaz
243:
165:
127:
100:
34:
29:
2475:Sieges involving Castile
2227:Stephens, F. G. (1873).
1858:
1816:third siege of Gibraltar
1577:Great Siege of Gibraltar
1537:Tenth Siege of Gibraltar
1532:Ninth Siege of Gibraltar
1502:Sixth Siege of Gibraltar
1497:Fifth Siege of Gibraltar
1487:Third Siege of Gibraltar
1477:First Siege of Gibraltar
2179:Pierson, Peter (1989).
1683:Cordoba Agreement, 2006
1547:Marquisate of Gibraltar
2398:Castilian/Spanish rule
1935:Tafur & Letts 1926
1837:Alonso Pérez de Guzmán
128:Commanders and leaders
73:36.155341°N 5.345964°W
2161:Interesting Documents
387:Pallars and Ribagorza
191:Location within Spain
1893:Notes and references
1746:Gibraltar portal
1557:Capture of Gibraltar
1274:2nd Granada campaign
671:2nd Balearic Islands
646:1st Balearic Islands
188:class=notpageimage|
78:36.155341; -5.345964
2470:Sieges of Gibraltar
2311:Sieges of Gibraltar
2251:. RoutledgeCurzon.
2102:López de Ayala 1845
2036:López de Ayala 1845
2012:López de Ayala 1845
1688:Second constitution
1627:during World War II
953:Las Navas de Tolosa
69: /
1913:Juan II of Castile
1878:Juan II of Castile
1812:Emirate of Granada
1644:First constitution
1422:Prehistoric Iberia
1147:Shepherds' Crusade
958:3rd Alcácer do Sal
921:2nd Alcácer do Sal
831:1st Alcácer do Sal
320:2nd Roncevaux Pass
258:1st Roncevaux Pass
122:Emirate of Granada
112:Kingdom of Castile
2465:Conflicts in 1436
2452:
2451:
2258:978-0-415-34475-3
2192:978-0-300-04408-9
2143:978-0-19-532334-4
1780:
1779:
1658:Death on the Rock
1654:Operation Flavius
1567:Treaty of Utrecht
1542:Catholic Monarchs
1467:Moorish Gibraltar
1376:
1375:
554:Almodóvar del Río
199:
198:
96:
95:
16:(Redirected from
2502:
2309:
2308:
2297:
2290:
2283:
2274:
2273:
2268:
2266:
2265:
2241:
2239:
2238:
2223:
2221:
2220:
2202:
2200:
2199:
2175:
2173:
2172:
2153:
2151:
2150:
2117:
2111:
2105:
2104:, p. 89–90.
2099:
2093:
2087:
2081:
2075:
2066:
2060:
2054:
2048:
2039:
2033:
2027:
2021:
2015:
2009:
2003:
1997:
1986:
1980:
1974:
1968:
1962:
1956:
1950:
1944:
1938:
1932:
1916:
1908:
1772:
1765:
1758:
1744:
1743:
1742:
1715:
1714:modern Gibraltar
1671:Modern Gibraltar
1628:
1597:Royal Calpe Hunt
1407:
1397:
1379:
1378:
238:
225:
218:
211:
202:
201:
181:
180:
174:
155:
148:
138:
120:
110:
92:Granadan victory
84:
83:
81:
80:
79:
74:
70:
67:
66:
65:
62:
36:
35:
27:
26:
21:
2510:
2509:
2505:
2504:
2503:
2501:
2500:
2499:
2455:
2454:
2453:
2448:
2420:
2392:
2354:
2331:
2313:
2303:
2301:
2271:
2263:
2261:
2259:
2236:
2234:
2218:
2216:
2197:
2195:
2193:
2170:
2168:
2148:
2146:
2144:
2120:
2112:
2108:
2100:
2096:
2088:
2084:
2076:
2069:
2061:
2057:
2049:
2042:
2034:
2030:
2022:
2018:
2010:
2006:
1998:
1989:
1981:
1977:
1969:
1965:
1957:
1953:
1945:
1941:
1933:
1929:
1920:
1919:
1909:
1905:
1895:
1874:
1861:
1833:
1808:
1776:
1740:
1738:
1726:
1725:
1717:
1713:
1701:
1693:
1692:
1673:
1663:
1662:
1634:Operation Felix
1630:
1626:
1620:
1612:
1602:
1601:
1592:
1582:
1581:
1522:
1512:
1511:
1452:
1442:
1441:
1417:
1395:
1388:
1377:
1372:
1307:
1259:Los Alporchones
1142:Vega de Granada
239:
232:Battles in the
231:
229:
195:
194:
193:
192:
190:
184:
183:
182:
144:
77:
75:
71:
68:
63:
60:
58:
56:
55:
54:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2508:
2498:
2497:
2492:
2487:
2482:
2480:1436 in Europe
2477:
2472:
2467:
2450:
2449:
2447:
2446:
2441:
2436:
2430:
2428:
2422:
2421:
2419:
2418:
2413:
2408:
2402:
2400:
2394:
2393:
2391:
2390:
2385:
2380:
2375:
2370:
2364:
2362:
2356:
2355:
2353:
2352:
2347:
2341:
2339:
2337:Castilian rule
2333:
2332:
2330:
2329:
2323:
2321:
2315:
2314:
2300:
2299:
2292:
2285:
2277:
2270:
2269:
2257:
2242:
2224:
2203:
2191:
2176:
2154:
2142:
2126:
2119:
2118:
2116:, p. 398.
2106:
2094:
2082:
2067:
2055:
2040:
2028:
2016:
2004:
1987:
1985:, p. 172.
1975:
1963:
1951:
1939:
1937:, p. 235.
1926:
1918:
1917:
1902:
1901:
1894:
1891:
1873:
1870:
1860:
1857:
1853:Juan de Niebla
1832:
1829:
1807:
1804:
1778:
1777:
1775:
1774:
1767:
1760:
1752:
1749:
1748:
1735:
1734:
1728:
1727:
1724:
1723:
1718:
1710:
1708:
1702:
1699:
1698:
1695:
1694:
1691:
1690:
1685:
1680:
1674:
1669:
1668:
1665:
1664:
1661:
1660:
1651:
1649:Border closure
1646:
1641:
1636:
1631:
1623:
1621:
1616:
1613:
1608:
1607:
1604:
1603:
1600:
1599:
1593:
1588:
1587:
1584:
1583:
1580:
1579:
1574:
1569:
1564:
1559:
1554:
1549:
1544:
1539:
1534:
1529:
1523:
1518:
1517:
1514:
1513:
1510:
1509:
1504:
1499:
1494:
1489:
1484:
1479:
1474:
1469:
1464:
1459:
1453:
1448:
1447:
1444:
1443:
1440:
1439:
1434:
1429:
1424:
1418:
1413:
1412:
1409:
1408:
1400:
1399:
1390:
1389:
1382:
1374:
1373:
1371:
1370:
1365:
1360:
1355:
1350:
1345:
1340:
1335:
1334:
1333:
1328:
1318:
1312:
1311:
1306:
1305:
1303:2nd Alpujarras
1300:
1298:1st Alpujarras
1294:
1293:
1289:
1288:
1287:
1286:
1281:
1271:
1266:
1261:
1256:
1251:
1246:
1241:
1236:
1230:
1229:
1225:
1224:
1219:
1214:
1209:
1204:
1199:
1194:
1189:
1184:
1179:
1174:
1169:
1167:Vega de Pagana
1164:
1159:
1154:
1149:
1144:
1139:
1134:
1129:
1124:
1118:
1117:
1113:
1112:
1107:
1102:
1097:
1092:
1087:
1082:
1077:
1072:
1067:
1065:Mudéjar revolt
1062:
1057:
1052:
1047:
1042:
1037:
1032:
1027:
1022:
1017:
1012:
1007:
1002:
997:
992:
987:
986:
985:
975:
973:Aragonese raid
970:
965:
960:
955:
950:
944:
943:
939:
938:
933:
928:
923:
918:
913:
908:
903:
898:
893:
888:
883:
878:
873:
868:
863:
861:Central Iberia
858:
853:
848:
843:
838:
833:
828:
823:
818:
813:
808:
803:
798:
793:
788:
783:
778:
773:
768:
763:
758:
753:
748:
743:
738:
733:
728:
723:
718:
713:
708:
703:
698:
693:
688:
683:
678:
673:
668:
663:
658:
653:
648:
643:
638:
633:
628:
623:
621:Norwegian raid
618:
613:
608:
603:
597:
596:
592:
591:
586:
581:
576:
571:
566:
561:
556:
551:
546:
541:
536:
531:
526:
521:
516:
511:
506:
501:
496:
491:
486:
481:
476:
471:
466:
461:
456:
451:
445:
444:
440:
439:
434:
429:
424:
419:
414:
409:
404:
399:
394:
389:
384:
379:
373:
372:
368:
367:
362:
357:
352:
347:
342:
337:
332:
327:
322:
317:
312:
307:
301:
300:
296:
295:
290:
285:
280:
275:
270:
265:
260:
255:
249:
248:
244:
241:
240:
228:
227:
220:
213:
205:
197:
196:
186:
185:
176:
175:
169:
168:
167:
166:
163:
162:
159:
157:Juan de Niebla
130:
129:
125:
124:
114:
103:
102:
98:
97:
94:
93:
90:
86:
85:
50:
48:
44:
43:
40:
32:
31:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2507:
2496:
2493:
2491:
2488:
2486:
2483:
2481:
2478:
2476:
2473:
2471:
2468:
2466:
2463:
2462:
2460:
2445:
2442:
2440:
2437:
2435:
2432:
2431:
2429:
2427:
2423:
2417:
2414:
2412:
2409:
2407:
2404:
2403:
2401:
2399:
2395:
2389:
2386:
2384:
2381:
2379:
2376:
2374:
2371:
2369:
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2155:
2145:
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2128:
2127:
2125:
2124:
2115:
2114:Abulafia 2011
2110:
2103:
2098:
2091:
2086:
2080:, p. 59.
2079:
2074:
2072:
2065:, p. 58.
2064:
2059:
2053:, p. 57.
2052:
2047:
2045:
2038:, p. 89.
2037:
2032:
2026:, p. 56.
2025:
2020:
2014:, p. 88.
2013:
2008:
2002:, p. 55.
2001:
1996:
1994:
1992:
1984:
1983:Stephens 1873
1979:
1973:, p. 54.
1972:
1967:
1961:, p. 53.
1960:
1955:
1949:, p. 22.
1948:
1943:
1936:
1931:
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1925:
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1907:
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1269:9th Gibraltar
1267:
1265:
1264:8th Gibraltar
1262:
1260:
1257:
1255:
1254:7th Gibraltar
1252:
1250:
1249:La Higueruela
1247:
1245:
1244:6th Gibraltar
1242:
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1218:
1217:5th Algeciras
1215:
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1197:5th Gibraltar
1195:
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1192:4th Algeciras
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1162:4th Gibraltar
1160:
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1157:3rd Gibraltar
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1137:2nd Gibraltar
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1127:3rd Algeciras
1125:
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1122:1st Gibraltar
1120:
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1100:2nd Algeciras
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509:Piedra Pisada
507:
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469:Aqbat al-Bakr
467:
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437:3rd Barcelona
435:
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402:Valdejunquera
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385:
383:
380:
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377:Day of Zamora
375:
374:
370:
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366:
365:2nd Barcelona
363:
361:
360:2nd Cellorigo
358:
356:
355:1st Cellorigo
353:
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348:
346:
343:
341:
340:Monte Laturce
338:
336:
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318:
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308:
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305:1st Barcelona
303:
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53:
49:
46:
45:
41:
38:
37:
33:
28:
19:
2426:British rule
2382:
2360:Moorish rule
2319:Moorish rule
2262:. Retrieved
2247:
2235:. Retrieved
2229:
2217:. Retrieved
2208:
2196:. Retrieved
2181:
2169:. Retrieved
2159:
2147:. Retrieved
2132:
2122:
2121:
2109:
2097:
2092:, p. 9.
2090:Pierson 1989
2085:
2058:
2031:
2019:
2007:
1978:
1966:
1954:
1942:
1930:
1922:
1921:
1906:
1897:
1896:
1886:
1875:
1866:
1862:
1834:
1809:
1783:
1781:
1610:20th century
1590:19th century
1520:Early modern
1310:North Africa
1253:
1228:15th century
1116:14th century
1020:4th Valencia
942:13th century
896:4th Santarém
856:3rd Santarém
796:2nd Santarém
716:3rd Valencia
686:2nd Zaragoza
666:1st Santarém
601:2nd Valencia
595:12th century
559:1st Valencia
524:1st Zaragoza
443:11th century
427:Torrevicente
371:10th century
268:Orbieu River
263:Burbia River
233:
145:
133:
101:Belligerents
1831:Preparation
1824:short siege
1472:Reconquista
1437:Gibraltar 2
1432:Gibraltar 1
1394:History of
1368:2nd Tangier
1353:1st Tangier
1212:2nd Montiel
1132:3rd Almería
1050:3rd Seville
978:2nd Majorca
881:2nd Seville
846:2nd Badajoz
826:2nd Almería
816:2nd Tortosa
786:1st Almería
771:1st Montiel
726:1st Badajoz
701:1st Granada
454:Calatañazor
382:1st Majorca
335:Guadalacete
310:1st Tortosa
299:9th century
247:8th century
235:Reconquista
76: /
2459:Categories
2264:2013-01-24
2237:2013-01-24
2219:2013-01-24
2198:2013-01-24
2171:2013-01-24
2149:2013-01-24
2078:Sayer 1865
2063:Sayer 1865
2051:Sayer 1865
2024:Sayer 1865
2000:Sayer 1865
1971:Sayer 1865
1959:Sayer 1865
1947:Sayer 1865
1806:Background
1788:Castillian
1462:Al-Andalus
1415:Prehistory
1234:Collejares
1222:2nd Murcia
1187:Guadalmesí
1177:Río Salado
1075:1st Murcia
1035:2nd Xàtiva
1030:1st Xàtiva
926:2nd Silves
911:2nd Silves
906:1st Silves
821:2nd Lleida
806:5th Lisbon
766:4th Lisbon
696:1st Lleida
656:Candespina
651:6th Toledo
636:Formentera
626:3rd Lisbon
606:Mollerussa
589:5th Toledo
584:4th Toledo
564:2nd Lisbon
549:3rd Toledo
519:2nd Toledo
407:1st Toledo
350:Polvoraria
293:1st Lisbon
283:Río Quirós
278:Las Babias
61:36°09′19″N
2444:1779–1783
2373:1349–1350
2233:. Provost
1923:Citations
1872:Aftermath
1798:from the
1796:Gibraltar
1790:nobleman
1396:Gibraltar
1348:4nd Ceuta
1338:3nd Ceuta
1331:2nd Ceuta
1326:1st Ceuta
1239:Antequera
1090:Andalusia
1070:3rd Jerez
1060:2nd Jerez
995:1st Jerez
968:Peníscola
936:Talamanca
891:2nd Évora
876:Calatrava
866:Tarragona
851:Juromenha
841:1st Évora
791:Al-Ludjdj
761:2nd Coria
741:1st Coria
676:Martorell
661:Vatalandi
579:Consuegra
499:Golpejera
484:Barbastro
422:Estercuel
253:Covadonga
64:5°20′45″W
52:Gibraltar
1732:Timeline
1700:See also
1450:Medieval
1385:a series
1383:Part of
1182:Estepona
1110:Iznalloz
1045:3rd Jaén
1005:Burriana
990:2nd Jaén
963:1st Jaén
948:Al-Dāmūs
886:Abrantes
781:Albacete
756:Trancoso
631:Talavera
611:Balaguer
529:Sagrajas
494:Llantada
417:Simancas
412:Alhandic
345:Morcuera
315:Pancorbo
47:Location
2123:Sources
1887:barcina
1841:Córdoba
1363:Melilla
1343:Tétouan
1202:Linuesa
1172:Getares
1025:Algarve
1015:El Puig
1010:Córdoba
983:Portopí
931:Alarcos
836:Palmela
811:Sacavém
801:Sacavém
746:Ourique
706:Corbins
691:Cutanda
681:Coimbra
569:Alcoraz
514:Morella
489:Paterna
479:Coimbra
449:Cervera
330:Albelda
325:Clavijo
161:Unknown
146:†
2255:
2189:
2140:
1387:on the
1358:Asilah
1321:Strait
1284:Málaga
1279:Lucena
1207:Guadix
1105:Moclín
1085:Martos
871:Cuenca
736:Leiria
711:Alcalá
574:Bairén
534:Tudela
464:Albesa
288:Oviedo
142:
89:Result
1898:Notes
1859:Siege
1849:Xeres
1845:Écija
1800:Moors
1080:Écija
916:Tomar
901:Alvor
776:Soure
751:Oreja
731:Fraga
721:Aceca
641:Ibiza
616:Uclés
544:Aledo
539:Tévar
504:Cabra
474:Graus
432:Rueda
273:Lutos
2439:1727
2434:1704
2416:1704
2411:1506
2406:1467
2388:1462
2383:1436
2378:1411
2368:1333
2350:1333
2345:1316
2327:1309
2253:ISBN
2187:ISBN
2138:ISBN
1847:and
1782:The
1316:Salé
1152:Teba
1055:Faro
1040:Biar
1000:Ares
459:Torà
42:1436
39:Date
2461::
2214:53
2166:88
2070:^
2043:^
1990:^
1843:,
2296:e
2289:t
2282:v
2267:.
2240:.
2222:.
2201:.
2174:.
2152:.
1771:e
1764:t
1757:v
1656:/
224:e
217:t
210:v
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
