2837:
2690:
350:
2762:
2793:
3086:
49:
3049:
3129:
2930:
2560:
2159:
2119:
2079:
1440:
134:
2422:
2977:
3403:
3160:
2498:
2654:
2731:
2623:
2458:
644:, Parliament lost some of its main powers. The Senate was to be composed of members appointed by the King, members by right, and members elected in single-member electoral areas, in the same manner as Assembly members. The proportion of appointed and elected members was to be equal, while senators by right still had to meet the conditions set out in the 1923 Constitution.
1777:
Until April 2007, the
Justice and Truth Alliance governed in coalition with other minor parties. In April 2007, after the break-up of the Justice and Truth Alliance, the National Liberal Party (PNL) and the Democratic Alliance of Hungarians (UDMR/RMDSZ) formed a minority government coalition
730:
was inaugurated, the Senate moved in a bigger hall in that building. Between 1929 and 1940, it was temporarily housed in a building on the Regina
Elisabeta Boulevard, while a new Palace of the Senate was to be built in today's Națiunile Unite Square. This building was never finished.
713:
on modifying the size and structure of the
Parliament from the current bicameral one with 137 senators and 334 deputies to a unicameral one with a maximum of 300 seats was held on 22 November 2009, at the same time as the first round of the
3382:
718:. The electors approved by a percentage of 77.78% (50.95% turnout) the adoption of a unicameral Parliament, however as of 2024 the necessary constitutional changes to achieve this have not been put into effect.
2366:, and, as their term is very short (one or two days) are not listed. The interim officeholders listed have hold the office in different circumstances and for a longer time (i.e. for more than one or two days).
542:, approved by both houses of parliament in May 1923, again entrusted legislative power to the Senate, the Assembly of Deputies, and the King. The constitution instituted the membership by right (
4172:
2362:. The Rule of the Senate states that at the first standing of the house, the meeting is headed by the eldest senator and helped by the youngest senator. Those bear the title of
761:'s coordination, following the plans of architect Emil Nădejde. It housed the Council of Ministers and from 1958 to 1989 it was the headquarters of the Central Committee of the
2223:
The political stance of the presidents of the upper house of the
Parliament of Romania (after the development of a modern party system) is given by the following legend table:
3379:
2607:
1767:
3185:
2836:
4057:
676:
726:
The first
Romanian Senate functioned between 1864 and 1869 in a small building, which still exists today on the Calea Șerban Vodă. Once the new building of the
1745:
1475:
799:
4047:
3339:
3002:
4012:
3094:
3060:
2252:
2202:
3651:
3444:
751:
710:
2877:
2859:
2320:
2038:
1885:
1758:(DA) won the greatest number of seats, even though no party won an outright majority. The President of the Senate for this legislature was
1625:
1300:
1272:
956:
706:, approved by a national referendum in 1991, Romania returned to a bicameral parliamentary system, in which the Senate is an elected body.
205:
3992:
3493:
1652:
479:
of the
Ottomans, were recognized as quasi-independent self-governing principalities under the protection of the other European Powers.
3666:
2209:
308:
3946:
3364:
3926:
3279:
2239:
782:
415:
4107:
502:
349:
3034:
2866:
2814:
2675:
1155:
813:
411:
336:
324:
4142:
4097:
3437:
3311:
2472:
2342:
2307:
928:
715:
586:
196:
4182:
3407:
2776:
2745:
2436:
2303:
2286:
2271:
2217:
2195:
1943:
1771:
1544:
1512:
1489:
1481:
610:
98:
2689:
2216:, four vice-presidents, four secretaries, and four quaestors. The President of the Standing Bureau also serves as the
4027:
3616:
3229:
3027:
2991:
2949:
2913:
2855:
2704:
2668:
2637:
2596:
2578:
2574:
2476:
2326:
2297:
1974:
1939:
1802:
1571:
1188:
846:
626:
electoral colleges, including the chambers of commerce, industry, and agriculture, as well as university professors.
158:
3681:
3176:
3143:
3102:
2807:
2538:
2233:
2006:
1819:
1598:
1216:
874:
696:
614:
168:
109:
4248:
4197:
4127:
4062:
3931:
3861:
3721:
3568:
3558:
3528:
664:
414:
the total number of elected representatives was 176), to which members are elected by direct popular vote using
4279:
4274:
4243:
4162:
4132:
3964:
3781:
3731:
3671:
3606:
3430:
2585:
2545:
2483:
2443:
2407:
1751:
4017:
3972:
3851:
3631:
3238:
1356:
1012:
778:
672:
535:
On 9 May 1877, the
Declaration of Romania's independence was read under the dome of the Romanian Parliament.
459:
also. This laid the foundations for the parliamentary institution in the two
Romanian principalities. At the
3601:
579:
Former presidents of either legislative chamber who held this function for at least eight ordinary sessions;
3954:
3871:
3676:
3596:
2830:
1868:
1493:
747:
641:
539:
517:
3846:
3548:
2258:
692:
2170:
2130:
2090:
1450:
671:(PCR) issued an electoral law that re-organized the parliament as a single legislative body, called the
4269:
4137:
3791:
3691:
3358:
Governmental responsibility and parliamentary irresponsibility in the
Romanian constitutional tradition
2512:
2282:
2022:
1836:
1770:. After Văcăroiu was sworn in as president of the Court of Accounts, Ilie Sârbu was elected as the new
1755:
1328:
4157:
3821:
3796:
3626:
3563:
3533:
3483:
3253:
2415:
1947:
1039:
3741:
3997:
3977:
2761:
774:
762:
699:
680:
668:
653:
460:
357:
176:
582:
Former senators and deputies elected to at least ten legislatures, irrespective of their duration;
4187:
4152:
3982:
3806:
3498:
2213:
727:
703:
521:
4177:
4112:
4102:
3288:
2944:
2851:
2792:
2522:
1902:
1680:
1384:
1067:
3936:
3916:
3891:
3841:
3591:
3085:
2553:
1990:
1951:
1852:
1759:
551:
407:
71:
4122:
4092:
4037:
3886:
3801:
3756:
3746:
3736:
3573:
3196:
2961:
525:
448:
2220:. The President is elected, by secret ballot, for the duration of the legislative period.
766:
8:
4207:
4202:
3906:
3776:
3508:
3361:
735:
637:
557:
506:
419:
3422:
2923:
48:
3987:
3896:
3866:
3816:
3696:
3661:
3611:
3543:
3270:
3204:
3069:
2346:
1244:
984:
901:
529:
187:
4192:
773:
fled by helicopter from the roof of the building. In 2005 the senators moved into the
770:
656:
suspended the parliament but itself lasted less than five months. It was succeeded by
607:, which previously proclaimed their respective provinces' union with Romania in 1918 (
4147:
4077:
4042:
3921:
3881:
3771:
3766:
3646:
3641:
3553:
3538:
3478:
739:
491:
427:
392:
302:
3726:
4167:
4022:
4002:
3826:
3711:
3636:
3513:
3503:
3488:
3473:
3079:
1485:
567:
288:
3153:
2888:
2683:
105:
4238:
4117:
3856:
3836:
3811:
3786:
3761:
3751:
3706:
3701:
3656:
3621:
3386:
3368:
3200:
634:
232:
Committee for legal affairs, appointments, discipline, immunities and validations
147:
2929:
4087:
4082:
4067:
4052:
3876:
3716:
3686:
2786:
2451:
1095:
756:
675:, thus disestablishing the Senate. Under the 1948 constitution this became the
472:
452:
524:
as
Romania's form of government, on the basis of national sovereignty and the
247:
Committee on public administration, the territory and environmental protection
4263:
4233:
4228:
3583:
3128:
3113:
3048:
2559:
657:
596:
2647:
1954:, who was elected in December 2000. The allocation of seats was as follows:
4223:
4072:
4007:
3523:
3120:
3009:
2968:
2895:
2755:
2722:
2614:
2355:
1766:
presidency of Romania, he delegated his attributions to the vice president
630:
487:
404:
20:
3302:
Also known as the 2020 USR-PLUS Alliance and initially written as USR-PLUS
532:) and a bi-cameral parliament, with an Assembly of Deputies and a Senate.
4032:
3518:
3457:
3453:
2715:
2491:
623:
443:
The parliamentary history of Romania is seen as beginning in May 1831 in
400:
298:
66:
2158:
2118:
2078:
1439:
3465:
3042:
2421:
604:
600:
510:
476:
468:
471:, and also gave up its claim to be the protector of Christians in the
133:
750:. That U-shaped structure was built from 1938 to 1941 under engineer
444:
423:
361:
1938:
Elections to the Senate were held on 26 November 2000, in which the
667:
of 23 August 1944, on 15 July 1946 the government controlled by the
3065:
2338:
456:
2976:
629:
In February 1938, amid the political crisis which soon led to the
3207:
for the second time during his second and last short-lived reign.
622:
Additionally, the Senate included an elective element, chosen by
560:
and diocesan bishops of the Orthodox and Greek-Catholic churches;
3340:"Legea ALEGERILOR PARLAMENTARE pe LISTE, promulgată de Iohannis"
2310:- FDSN; until 2001 Party of Social Democracy in Romania - PDSR)
660:'s military dictatorship and the parliament remained suspended.
3402:
3159:
464:
463:, Russia gave up to Moldavia the left bank of the mouth of the
2497:
738:
of 1989, the Senate was housed in the "Palace of the Senate" (
2653:
679:, a relatively impotent body subordinate to the power of the
505:
of the two principalities came in 1859. On the initiative of
262:
Committee for culture, art and media information in the table
2730:
2622:
2457:
652:
In September 1940, after the abdication of King Carol, the
528:. Legislative power was to be exercised by the new Prince (
513:
in 1864 enlarged the principle of national representation.
271:
Commission for privatization and management of state assets
2189:
250:
Commission for defense, public order and national security
3452:
3186:
Lifespan timeline of presidents of the Senate of Romania
241:
Committee on Agriculture, Forestry and Rural Development
235:
Committee on Budget, finance, banking and capital market
3415:
647:
374:
1942:(then abbreviated PDSR) won an overall majority. Then
274:
Committee on research abuses, corruption and petitions
1762:, who was elected on 20 December 2004. Following his
576:
Former ministers with at least six years' seniority;
475:. Moldavia and Wallachia, while remaining under the
3199:(November 1939 to September 1940), before becoming
482:The Paris Convention of 19 August 1858 promulgated
455:and adopted. In January 1832 it came into force in
265:Commission on Human Rights, religious and minority
256:Committee for Education, Science, Youth and Sports
765:(PCR). During the Revolution, Romanian President
640:imposed a more authoritarian monarchy. Under the
253:Commission for work, family and social protection
4261:
1746:2004–2008 legislature of the Romanian Parliament
1476:2008–2012 legislature of the Romanian Parliament
800:2020–2024 legislature of the Romanian Parliament
595:Former presidents of the National Assemblies at
497:("Moderating Body"). This was later renamed the
573:Former presidents of the Council of Ministers;
3438:
2253:Christian Democratic National Peasants' Party
238:Commission for economy, industry and services
2039:Democratic Alliance of Hungarians in Romania
1886:Democratic Alliance of Hungarians in Romania
1626:Democratic Alliance of Hungarians in Romania
1273:Democratic Alliance of Hungarians in Romania
957:Democratic Alliance of Hungarians in Romania
2841:
2834:
2829:
2826:
2806:
2797:
2790:
2785:
2782:
2564:
2557:
2552:
2549:
563:Heads of state-recognised religious bodies;
451:("Organic Statute") was promulgated by the
438:
3445:
3431:
3252:One senator from this group sits with the
3203:and thereby acceding to the throne of the
2201:Last election of the President of Senate:
1653:National Union for the Progress of Romania
686:
47:
702:. Under the country's new post-communist
490:parliament, with an upper house named in
3333:
3331:
16:Upper house of the parliament of Romania
3337:
2190:Presidents of the Senate (1990–present)
4262:
1408:
1119:
486:("Expanding Statute"), to introduce a
416:party-list proportional representation
3426:
3328:
1508:
1151:
809:
781:. "Palatul Senatului" now houses the
3380:Pagina oficiala a Senatului României
2153:
2113:
2073:
1496:(PC) formed a coalition government.
1434:
777:, joining their colleagues from the
648:Suspension and abolition (1940–1944)
412:2016 Romanian parliamentary election
3190:
2343:Freedom, Unity and Solidarity Party
2308:Democratic National Salvation Front
929:Alliance for the Union of Romanians
721:
587:High Court of Cassation and Justice
197:Alliance for the Union of Romanians
13:
2321:Alliance of Liberals and Democrats
2196:President of the Senate of Romania
1944:President of the Senate of Romania
1301:Alliance of Liberals and Democrats
611:Union of Transylvania with Romania
418:in 43 electoral districts (the 41
14:
4291:
3395:
206:Democratic Alliance of Hungarians
3667:Democratic Republic of the Congo
3401:
3158:
3127:
3084:
3047:
2975:
2928:
2835:
2791:
2760:
2729:
2688:
2652:
2621:
2558:
2496:
2456:
2420:
2157:
2117:
2077:
1754:, held on 28 November 2004, the
1438:
615:Union of Bessarabia with Romania
348:
268:Committee on Equal Opportunities
132:
4249:List of legislatures by country
3175:
3170:
3167:
3164:
3157:
3152:
3149:
3142:
3139:
3136:
3133:
3126:
3111:
3108:
3101:
3098:
3093:
3090:
3083:
3078:
3075:
3064:
3059:
3056:
3053:
3046:
3041:
3038:
2996:
2955:
2912:
2909:
2906:
2903:
2901:
2886:
2883:
2876:
2873:
2870:
2850:
2847:
2844:
2821:
2818:
2803:
2800:
2775:
2772:
2769:
2766:
2759:
2754:
2751:
2744:
2741:
2738:
2735:
2728:
2713:
2710:
2703:
2700:
2697:
2694:
2687:
2682:
2679:
2667:
2664:
2661:
2658:
2651:
2646:
2643:
2636:
2633:
2630:
2627:
2620:
2605:
2602:
2595:
2592:
2589:
2573:
2570:
2567:
2537:
2534:
2531:
2528:
2526:
2521:
2518:
2511:
2508:
2505:
2502:
2495:
2490:
2487:
2471:
2468:
2465:
2462:
2455:
2450:
2447:
2435:
2432:
2429:
2426:
2419:
2414:
2411:
2364:Interim President of the Senate
2358:) officeholders are denoted by
1147:Seats in the Senate of Romania
805:Seats in the Senate of Romania
410:. It has 136 seats (before the
4244:List of abolished upper houses
3373:
3350:
3338:Filimon, Paul (20 July 2015).
3305:
3296:
3259:
3246:
3218:
2212:of the Senate consists of the
1752:2004 Romanian general election
788:
447:, where a constitution called
1:
3321:
2261:- PNȚ between 1926 and 1947)
1013:Social Liberal Humanist Party
592:Reserve and retired generals;
430:), to serve four-year terms.
2149:
2109:
2069:
1965:
1962:
1933:
1739:
1469:
1430:
1141:
793:
783:Ministry of Internal Affairs
695:opened the way to restoring
518:1866 Constitution of Romania
426:plus 1 constituency for the
244:Committee on Foreign Affairs
7:
2060:
2055:
2045:
2042:
2029:
2026:
2013:
2010:
1997:
1994:
1981:
1978:
693:Romanian Revolution of 1989
10:
4296:
3183:
2341:/USR = Save Romania Union-
2193:
2037:
2021:
2005:
1989:
1973:
1756:Justice and Truth Alliance
1743:
1473:
797:
716:2009 presidential election
433:
259:Committee on Public Health
18:
4216:
3963:
3945:
3905:
3582:
3464:
3254:Romanian Nationhood Party
3033:
2865:
2813:
2674:
2584:
2482:
2397:
2257:(formerly the historical
2238:(formerly the historical
2050:
1959:
1914:
1787:
1726:
1717:
1706:
1522:
1519:
1516:
1511:
1417:
1165:
1162:
1159:
1154:
1128:
1040:Romanian Nationhood Party
823:
820:
817:
812:
585:Former presidents of the
461:Congress of Paris of 1856
372:
367:
356:
347:
342:
330:
318:
309:mixed member proportional
307:2008–2016: nominal vote,
297:1992–2008; 2016–present:
286:
281:
220:
140:
131:
123:
118:
96:
91:
83:
78:
60:
55:
46:
41:
30:
3932:Northern Mariana Islands
3385:16 February 2008 at the
3211:
2304:National Salvation Front
2287:Democratic Liberal Party
2272:National Salvation Front
2259:National Peasants' Party
1950:(between 1992 and 1996)
1545:Democratic Liberal Party
1488:established between the
1482:Democratic Liberal Party
775:Palace of the Parliament
763:Romanian Communist Party
700:representative democracy
681:Romanian Communist Party
669:Romanian Communist Party
654:National Legionary State
439:First Senate (1859–1944)
358:Palace of the Parliament
19:Not to be confused with
3367:7 November 2006 at the
2831:Călin Popescu-Tăriceanu
2327:Liberal Reformist Party
2298:Social Democratic Party
2242:between 1875 and 1947)
2218:President of the Senate
2214:President of the Senate
1975:Social Democratic Party
1940:Social Democratic Party
1803:Social Democratic Party
1772:President of the Senate
1572:Social Democratic Party
1490:Social Democratic Party
1329:People's Movement Party
1189:Social Democratic Party
847:Social Democratic Party
728:University of Bucharest
687:Senate recreated (1990)
677:Great National Assembly
522:constitutional monarchy
428:Romanians living abroad
159:Social Democratic Party
3494:Bosnia and Herzegovina
2523:Mircea Ionescu-Quintus
2240:National Liberal Party
2234:National Liberal Party
2007:National Liberal Party
1820:National Liberal Party
1599:National Liberal Party
1480:In December 2008, the
1447:This section is empty.
1217:National Liberal Party
875:National Liberal Party
743:
396:
169:National Liberal Party
4280:Parliament of Romania
4275:National upper houses
3672:Republic of the Congo
3184:Further information:
1991:Greater Romania Party
1853:Greater Romania Party
1782:in the table below).
566:The president of the
546:) in the Senate for:
408:Parliament of Romania
72:Parliament of Romania
3410:at Wikimedia Commons
3197:Michael I of Romania
2416:Alexandru Bârlădeanu
1357:Humanist Power Party
704:Constitution of 1991
673:Assembly of Deputies
642:Constitution of 1938
558:Metropolitan bishops
526:separation of powers
484:Statutul Dezvoltător
467:, including part of
449:Regulamentul Organic
3872:Trinidad and Tobago
3597:Antigua and Barbuda
1505:
1148:
806:
779:Chamber of Deputies
736:Romanian Revolution
507:Alexandru Ioan Cuza
113:since 13 June 2023
4093:Kingdom of Ireland
4038:Dominican Republic
3682:Dominican Republic
3205:Kingdom of Romania
2938:10 September 2019
2910:10 September 2019
2608:Doru-Ioan Tărăcilă
2347:Save Romania Union
2306:- FSN; until 1993
2169:. You can help by
2129:. You can help by
2089:. You can help by
1869:Conservative Party
1768:Doru Ioan Tărăcilă
1504:, 6th legislature
1499:
1494:Conservative Party
1486:political alliance
1245:Save Romania Union
1146:
985:Force of the Right
902:Save Romania Union
804:
530:Carol I of Romania
214:Non-affiliated (6)
188:Save Romania Union
4270:Senate of Romania
4257:
4256:
3909:other territories
3747:Japan (post-1947)
3692:Equatorial Guinea
3408:Senate of Romania
3406:Media related to
3182:
3181:
3124:
3057:21 December 2020
3024:21 December 2020
3013:
2972:
2907:2 September 2019
2899:
2874:2 September 2019
2871:21 December 2016
2848:21 December 2016
2819:19 December 2012
2804:19 December 2012
2770:28 November 2011
2742:28 November 2011
2739:23 November 2011
2726:
2701:23 November 2011
2698:19 December 2008
2665:13 December 2008
2618:
2590:30 November 2000
2571:30 November 2004
2568:15 December 2000
2535:30 November 2000
2509:22 December 1999
2506:27 November 1996
2469:22 November 1996
2352:
2351:
2205:
2187:
2186:
2147:
2146:
2107:
2106:
2067:
2066:
1931:
1930:
1737:
1736:
1502:Senate of Romania
1467:
1466:
1428:
1427:
1139:
1138:
767:Nicolae Ceaușescu
748:Revolution Square
744:Palatul Senatului
540:1923 Constitution
495:Corpul Ponderator
385:
384:
4287:
4138:Northern Ireland
4103:Japan (pre-1947)
4098:Irish Free State
3447:
3440:
3433:
3424:
3423:
3419:
3418:
3416:Official website
3405:
3389:
3377:
3371:
3354:
3348:
3347:
3335:
3315:
3309:
3303:
3300:
3294:
3287:
3278:
3269:
3263:
3257:
3250:
3244:
3237:
3228:
3222:
3191:Notable senators
3162:
3131:
3118:
3095:23 November 2021
3088:
3061:23 November 2021
3051:
3007:
3003:Robert Cazanciuc
2985:3 February 2020
2979:
2966:
2941:3 February 2020
2932:
2924:Teodor Meleșcanu
2893:
2839:
2795:
2764:
2733:
2720:
2692:
2662:28 October 2008
2656:
2634:28 October 2008
2631:14 October 2008
2625:
2612:
2593:14 October 2008
2562:
2554:Nicolae Văcăroiu
2532:4 February 2000
2500:
2466:22 October 1992
2460:
2433:16 October 1992
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1957:
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1952:Nicolae Văcăroiu
1837:Democratic Party
1785:
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1778:(highlighted in
1760:Nicolae Văcăroiu
1523:Present seating
1513:Election seating
1506:
1498:
1462:
1459:
1449:You can help by
1442:
1435:
1156:Election seating
1149:
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824:Present seating
814:Election seating
807:
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722:Former locations
631:Second World War
568:Romanian Academy
550:The heir to the
544:senator de drept
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3346:(in Romanian).
3344:România Liberă
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3168:13 June 2023
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3137:29 June 2022
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3114:Alina Gorghiu
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2922:
2919:
2918:
2915:
2897:
2891:
2890:
2889:Șerban Valeca
2882:
2879:
2868:
2864:
2861:
2857:
2853:
2838:
2832:
2825:
2816:
2812:
2809:
2794:
2788:
2781:
2778:
2763:
2757:
2750:
2747:
2732:
2724:
2718:
2717:
2709:
2706:
2691:
2685:
2684:Mircea Geoană
2677:
2673:
2670:
2655:
2649:
2642:
2639:
2624:
2616:
2610:
2609:
2601:
2598:
2587:
2583:
2580:
2576:
2561:
2555:
2547:
2544:
2543:
2540:
2524:
2517:
2514:
2499:
2493:
2485:
2481:
2478:
2474:
2459:
2453:
2445:
2442:
2441:
2438:
2430:18 June 1990
2423:
2417:
2409:
2406:
2405:
2400:
2396:
2392:
2389:
2386:
2383:
2380:
2377:
2374:
2371:
2370:
2367:
2365:
2361:
2357:
2348:
2344:
2340:
2334:
2333:
2330:
2328:
2322:
2315:
2314:
2311:
2309:
2305:
2299:
2292:
2291:
2288:
2284:
2277:
2276:
2273:
2266:
2265:
2262:
2260:
2254:
2247:
2246:
2243:
2241:
2235:
2228:
2227:
2224:
2221:
2219:
2215:
2211:
2206:
2204:
2203:November 2021
2197:
2181:
2172:
2168:
2165:This section
2163:
2160:
2156:
2155:
2141:
2132:
2128:
2125:This section
2123:
2120:
2116:
2115:
2101:
2092:
2088:
2085:This section
2083:
2080:
2076:
2075:
2063:
2058:
2053:
2049:
2040:
2034:
2033:
2024:
2018:
2017:
2008:
2002:
2001:
1992:
1986:
1985:
1976:
1970:
1969:
1958:
1955:
1953:
1949:
1945:
1941:
1927:
1924:
1922:
1919:
1917:
1913:
1909:
1906:
1904:
1901:
1898:
1897:
1893:
1890:
1888:
1887:
1883:
1880:
1879:
1875:
1872:
1870:
1867:
1864:
1863:
1859:
1856:
1854:
1851:
1848:
1847:
1843:
1840:
1838:
1835:
1832:
1831:
1827:
1824:
1822:
1821:
1817:
1814:
1813:
1809:
1806:
1804:
1801:
1798:
1797:
1793:
1790:
1786:
1783:
1781:
1775:
1773:
1769:
1765:
1761:
1757:
1753:
1747:
1732:
1729:
1723:
1720:
1716:
1712:
1709:
1707:Vacant seats
1703:
1702:
1698:
1695:
1692:
1690:
1687:
1684:
1682:
1679:
1676:
1675:
1671:
1668:
1665:
1662:
1659:
1656:
1654:
1651:
1649:
1648:
1644:
1641:
1638:
1635:
1632:
1629:
1627:
1624:
1622:
1621:
1617:
1614:
1611:
1608:
1605:
1602:
1600:
1597:
1595:
1594:
1590:
1587:
1584:
1581:
1578:
1575:
1573:
1570:
1568:
1567:
1563:
1560:
1557:
1554:
1551:
1548:
1546:
1543:
1541:
1540:
1536:
1533:
1530:
1527:
1526:
1514:
1507:
1503:
1500:Seats in the
1497:
1495:
1491:
1487:
1483:
1477:
1461:
1452:
1448:
1444:
1441:
1437:
1436:
1423:
1420:
1414:
1411:
1407:
1403:
1400:
1397:
1394:
1391:
1388:
1386:
1383:
1380:
1379:
1375:
1372:
1369:
1366:
1363:
1360:
1358:
1355:
1352:
1351:
1347:
1344:
1341:
1338:
1335:
1332:
1330:
1327:
1324:
1323:
1319:
1316:
1313:
1310:
1307:
1304:
1302:
1299:
1296:
1295:
1291:
1288:
1285:
1282:
1279:
1276:
1274:
1271:
1268:
1267:
1263:
1260:
1257:
1254:
1251:
1248:
1246:
1243:
1240:
1239:
1235:
1232:
1229:
1226:
1223:
1220:
1218:
1215:
1212:
1211:
1207:
1204:
1201:
1198:
1195:
1192:
1190:
1187:
1184:
1183:
1179:
1176:
1173:
1170:
1169:
1157:
1150:
1134:
1131:
1125:
1122:
1118:
1114:
1111:
1108:
1105:
1102:
1099:
1097:
1094:
1091:
1090:
1086:
1083:
1080:
1077:
1074:
1071:
1069:
1066:
1063:
1062:
1058:
1055:
1052:
1049:
1046:
1043:
1041:
1038:
1036:
1035:
1031:
1028:
1025:
1022:
1019:
1016:
1014:
1011:
1008:
1007:
1003:
1000:
997:
994:
991:
988:
986:
983:
980:
979:
975:
972:
969:
966:
963:
960:
958:
955:
952:
951:
947:
944:
941:
938:
935:
932:
930:
927:
925:
924:
920:
917:
914:
911:
908:
905:
903:
900:
898:
897:
893:
890:
887:
884:
881:
878:
876:
873:
870:
869:
865:
862:
859:
856:
853:
850:
848:
845:
842:
841:
837:
834:
831:
828:
827:
815:
808:
801:
786:
784:
780:
776:
772:
769:and his wife
768:
764:
758:
753:
749:
745:
741:
737:
732:
729:
719:
717:
712:
707:
705:
701:
698:
694:
684:
682:
678:
674:
670:
666:
661:
659:
658:Ion Antonescu
655:
645:
643:
639:
636:
632:
627:
625:
617:
616:
612:
606:
602:
598:
594:
591:
588:
584:
581:
578:
575:
572:
569:
565:
562:
559:
556:
553:
549:
548:
547:
545:
541:
536:
533:
531:
527:
523:
519:
514:
512:
508:
504:
500:
496:
493:
489:
485:
480:
478:
474:
470:
466:
462:
458:
454:
450:
446:
431:
429:
425:
421:
417:
413:
409:
406:
402:
398:
394:
390:
380:
371:
366:
363:
359:
355:
351:
346:
343:Meeting place
341:
338:
335:
332:Next election
329:
326:
323:
320:Last election
317:
310:
306:
304:
300:
296:
295:
293:
290:
289:Voting system
285:
280:
273:
270:
267:
264:
261:
258:
255:
252:
249:
246:
243:
240:
237:
234:
231:
230:
223:
219:
210:
207:
201:
198:
192:
189:
183:
182:
181:
180:
178:
170:
164:
160:
153:
152:
151:
149:
145:
139:
135:
130:
126:
122:
117:
111:
107:
106:Nicolae Ciucă
103:
100:
95:
90:
86:
82:
77:
73:
68:
63:
59:
54:
50:
45:
40:
29:
26:
22:
4224:Bicameralism
4188:Soviet Union
4178:South Africa
4043:East Germany
3993:Burkina Faso
3852:South Africa
3831:
3458:legislatures
3456:of national
3454:Upper houses
3375:
3362:by chapter 5
3357:
3352:
3343:
3307:
3298:
3289:Independents
3261:
3248:
3220:
3171:
3112:
3001:
2960:
2887:
2801:3 July 2012
2773:3 July 2012
2756:Vasile Blaga
2714:
2606:
2398:
2390:Left office
2387:Took office
2363:
2359:
2354:Ad interim (
2353:
2325:(until 2015
2324:
2302:(until 1992
2301:
2256:
2237:
2222:
2207:
2199:
2178:January 2022
2175:
2171:adding to it
2166:
2138:January 2022
2135:
2131:adding to it
2126:
2098:January 2022
2095:
2091:adding to it
2086:
2061:
2056:
2051:
1937:
1925:
1920:
1915:
1903:Independents
1884:
1818:
1779:
1776:
1763:
1749:
1681:Independents
1501:
1479:
1455:
1451:adding to it
1446:
1385:Independents
1166:End seating
1068:Independents
733:
725:
708:
690:
662:
651:
628:
621:
608:
543:
537:
534:
515:
503:formal Union
498:
494:
483:
481:
442:
388:
386:
175:
174:
146:
25:
21:Roman Senate
4183:South Korea
4128:New Zealand
4058:El Salvador
3988:British Raj
3973:Afghanistan
3937:Puerto Rico
3927:Isle of Man
3842:Saint Lucia
3822:Philippines
3802:Netherlands
3737:Ivory Coast
3569:Switzerland
3559:South Sudan
3356:Radu Carp,
3080:Florin Cîțu
2716:Petru Filip
2492:Petre Roman
2402:since 1990
1963:% of seats
1946:was former
1791:% of seats
789:Composition
755: [
752:Emil Prager
697:pluralistic
624:corporatist
520:proclaimed
401:upper house
299:Closed list
67:Upper house
4264:Categories
4123:Mauritania
4013:Costa Rica
3955:Somaliland
3887:Uzbekistan
3862:Tajikistan
3777:Madagascar
3757:Kazakhstan
3322:References
3043:Anca Dragu
2904:1956–2022
2648:Ilie Sârbu
2529:1917–2017
2463:1930–2020
2427:1911–1997
2384:Born-Died
2372:Elections
1764:ad interim
1492:(PSD) and
1458:March 2022
734:After the
711:referendum
665:royal coup
663:After the
605:Alba Iulia
511:plebiscite
477:suzerainty
469:Bessarabia
221:Committees
177:Opposition
148:Government
92:Leadership
4203:Venezuela
4133:Nicaragua
3722:Indonesia
3479:Australia
3474:Argentina
3172:Incumbent
2381:Portrait
2281:PD/PDL =
2150:1990–1992
2110:1992–1996
2070:1996–2000
1934:2000–2004
1740:2004–2008
1470:2008–2012
1431:2012–2016
1142:2016–2020
794:2020–2024
488:bicameral
445:Wallachia
424:Bucharest
405:bicameral
399:) is the
362:Bucharest
282:Elections
119:Structure
99:President
4158:Rhodesia
4148:Portugal
4113:Maldives
4063:Ethiopia
3897:Zimbabwe
3867:Thailand
3847:Slovenia
3817:Paraguay
3697:Eswatini
3662:Colombia
3647:Cameroon
3642:Cambodia
3612:Barbados
3544:Pakistan
3524:Malaysia
3509:Ethiopia
3383:Archived
3365:Archived
3066:USR PLUS
2952:support
2339:USR PLUS
2251:PNȚCD =
1727:—
1713:—
1688:—
1685:—
1660:—
1657:—
740:Romanian
638:Carol II
601:Cernăuți
597:Chișinău
492:Romanian
457:Moldavia
420:counties
393:Romanian
4217:Related
4168:Senegal
4153:Prussia
4078:Hungary
4048:Ecuador
4033:Denmark
4018:Croatia
3978:Austria
3965:Defunct
3922:Bermuda
3882:Uruguay
3832:Romania
3792:Namibia
3787:Myanmar
3782:Morocco
3772:Liberia
3767:Lesotho
3742:Jamaica
3727:Ireland
3712:Grenada
3637:Burundi
3632:Bolivia
3617:Belarus
3607:Bahrain
3602:Bahamas
3592:Algeria
3584:Unitary
3554:Somalia
3539:Nigeria
3514:Germany
3489:Belgium
3484:Austria
3466:Federal
2360:italics
2329:- PLR)
2319:ALDE =
2035:
2019:
2003:
1987:
1971:
1899:
1881:
1865:
1849:
1833:
1815:
1799:
1750:In the
1704:
1677:
1618:19.70%
1606:20.43%
1591:29.19%
1579:35.76%
1564:25.54%
1552:37.22%
1404:11.02%
1381:
1353:
1325:
1297:
1269:
1241:
1236:19.11%
1224:22.05%
1213:
1208:43.38%
1196:49.26%
1185:
1092:
1064:
1009:
981:
953:
936:10.29%
921:16.17%
909:18.38%
894:28.67%
882:30.14%
871:
866:33.82%
854:34.55%
843:
683:(PCR).
434:History
403:in the
368:Website
84:Founded
79:History
70:of the
36:Senatul
4198:Turkey
4193:Sweden
4173:Serbia
4073:Greece
4003:Ceylon
3837:Rwanda
3827:Poland
3752:Jordan
3702:France
3627:Bhutan
3622:Belize
3549:Russia
3529:Mexico
3504:Canada
3499:Brazil
3314:member
3286:
3277:
3268:
3236:
3227:
3165:1967–
3134:1978–
3121:acting
3091:1972–
3054:1972–
3018:1971–
3010:acting
2982:1968–
2969:acting
2935:1941–
2896:acting
2842:1952–
2798:1959–
2767:1956–
2736:1955–
2723:acting
2695:1958–
2659:1950–
2628:1951–
2615:acting
2565:1943–
2503:1946–
2399:Senate
2393:Party
2356:acting
2336:
2317:
2296:PSD =
2294:
2279:
2270:FSN =
2268:
2249:
2232:PNL =
2230:
1995:26.43
1979:46.43
1966:Seats
1960:Party
1794:Seats
1788:Party
1718:Total
1699:1.45%
1672:8.75%
1645:5.10%
1633:6.57%
1534:Seats
1528:Seats
1509:Party
1409:Total
1376:1.47%
1348:3.67%
1336:5.88%
1320:5.14%
1308:6.61%
1292:6.61%
1280:6.61%
1264:9.55%
1252:9.55%
1177:Seats
1171:Seats
1152:Party
1120:Total
1115:0.73%
1096:Vacant
1087:1.47%
1059:0.73%
1032:0.73%
1004:2.20%
976:6.61%
964:6.61%
948:8.82%
835:Seats
829:Seats
810:Party
603:, and
552:throne
465:Danube
389:Senate
377:.senat
212:
203:
194:
185:
166:
156:
108:,
32:Senate
4118:Malta
4108:Libya
4053:Egypt
4008:China
3998:Burma
3892:Yemen
3857:Spain
3812:Palau
3797:Nepal
3762:Kenya
3732:Italy
3717:Haiti
3707:Gabon
3687:Egypt
3657:Chile
3564:Sudan
3534:Nepal
3519:India
3280:REPER
3256:(NR).
3212:Notes
2378:Name
2052:Total
2043:8.57
2027:9.29
2011:9.29
1916:Total
1857:13.1
1841:15.4
1807:31.4
1517:Lost
1160:Lost
818:Lost
771:Elena
759:]
499:Senat
397:Senat
124:Seats
4143:Peru
4088:Iraq
4083:Iran
4068:Fiji
4023:Cuba
3807:Oman
3652:Chad
3312:PLUS
3239:PUSL
3232:(49)
3201:King
3035:2020
2947:with
2945:Ind.
2878:ALDE
2867:2016
2860:ALDE
2852:Ind.
2815:2012
2676:2008
2586:2004
2575:PDSR
2546:2000
2484:1996
2477:PDSR
2473:FDSN
2444:1992
2408:1990
2208:The
1907:8.8
1891:7.3
1873:8.0
1780:bold
1733:100
1730:137
1724:100
1721:137
1520:Won
1424:100
1421:136
1415:100
1412:136
1163:Won
1135:100
1132:136
1126:100
1123:136
821:Won
691:The
635:King
609:see
538:The
516:The
509:, a
501:. A
387:The
199:(16)
190:(20)
179:(51)
171:(35)
161:(50)
150:(85)
87:1864
61:Type
56:Type
3291:(2)
3282:(3)
3273:(1)
3241:(1)
3230:PSD
3177:PNL
3150:49
3144:PNL
3103:PNL
3076:48
3070:USR
3039:47
3028:PSD
2992:PSD
2950:PSD
2920:46
2914:PSD
2856:PLR
2827:45
2808:PNL
2783:44
2777:PDL
2752:43
2746:PDL
2705:PSD
2680:42
2669:PSD
2644:41
2638:PSD
2597:PSD
2579:PSD
2550:40
2539:PNL
2519:39
2488:38
2448:37
2437:FSN
2412:36
2173:.
2133:.
2093:.
2062:140
2057:100
2046:12
2030:13
2014:13
1998:37
1982:65
1926:137
1921:100
1910:12
1894:10
1876:11
1860:18
1844:21
1828:22
1825:16
1810:43
1710:14
1669:12
1666:12
1615:27
1609:16
1603:28
1588:40
1582:15
1576:49
1561:35
1555:19
1549:51
1453:.
1401:15
1398:15
1261:13
1249:13
1233:26
1221:30
1205:59
1199:10
1193:67
945:12
933:14
918:22
906:25
891:39
879:41
863:46
851:47
379:.ro
375:www
208:(9)
127:136
110:PNL
4266::
3360:,
3342:.
3330:^
3271:FD
3109:—
2998:—
2957:—
2884:—
2711:—
2603:—
2513:PD
2375:#
1774:.
1696:2
1693:2
1663:4
1642:7
1639:0
1636:2
1630:9
1612:4
1585:3
1558:2
1537:%
1531:%
1418:—
1395:0
1392:—
1389:—
1373:2
1370:2
1367:0
1364:—
1361:—
1345:5
1342:1
1339:4
1333:8
1317:7
1314:3
1311:5
1305:9
1289:9
1286:1
1283:1
1277:9
1258:0
1255:0
1230:0
1227:4
1202:2
1180:%
1174:%
1129:—
1112:1
1109:1
1106:0
1103:—
1100:—
1084:2
1081:4
1078:4
1075:—
1072:—
1056:1
1053:1
1050:0
1047:—
1044:—
1029:1
1026:1
1023:0
1020:—
1017:—
1001:3
998:3
995:0
992:—
989:—
973:9
970:0
967:0
961:9
942:0
939:2
915:0
912:3
888:2
885:4
860:1
857:1
838:%
832:%
785:.
757:ro
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