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locality. The metamorphic rocks include garnet and clinopyroxene-bearing granulite, hornblende and plagioclase amphibolite, epidote, and greenschist facies sediments that include cherts, marbles, and quartzites. Although there have been many theories about the pressure-temperature environment of these metamorphic soles, Cowan et al. suggest that the formational temperatures and pressure of the metamorphic being 770-900 degrees celsius and 11-13 kbar respectively are representative of a subduction zone that was present before the emplacement of the ophiolite.
260:: The oceanic lithosphere over thrust continental lithosphere (Fig. 3). Figure 3-A, older than 101 to 95 Ma the mid-ocean ridge is spreading and the oceanic lithosphere subducted under both continental lithosphere. The Samail Ophiolite initial place is marked on the right oceanic lithosphere. Figure 3-B, from 95 to 87 Ma the mid-ocean ridge stopped spreading and the intra-oceanic thrusting started. Where the left oceanic lithosphere subducted under the right oceanic lithosphere with the Samail Ophiolite, which are
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under the continental lithosphere on the right while the other side is overriding the oceanic lithosphere on the left. Also, that is where the proto Semail
Ophiolite and volcanism starts to form a volcanic arc. Figure 2-B, from 95 to 87 Ma the mid-ocean ridge is spreading and a volcanic arc has
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There are two locations where the metamorphic core of the ophiolite are exposed. These locations occur at the
Sumeini Window and the Wadi Tayyin. The Sumeini Window is located in northern Oman at the base of the ophiolite. The Wadi Tayyin is located in southwestern Oman near the classic Green Pool
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units. The allochthonous units, from low to high structurally, are the
Sumeini group, the Hawasina complex, the Haybi complex, the Ophiolite, and the Batinah complex. From the Sumeini group to the Haybi Complex make up the
129:. This includes layers from the Earth's upper mantle, along with cumulate rocks, gabbros, sheeted dike complexes, and volcanic sequences, providing a vertical profile of oceanic lithosphere. It is primarily made of
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formed. Figure 2-C, from 87 to 76 Ma the mid-ocean ridge is spreading and the ocean lithosphere being pushed and over thrust the continental lithosphere by the help of the volcanic arc.
268:
facies conditions at the base of the Samail
Ophiolite. Figure 3-C, from 87 to 76 Ma the Samail Ophiolite overthrusts the continental lithosphere and is emplaced onto the
226:: A seven to 20 km thick ophiolitic terrane could slide onto a continental margin. This requires an elevated source region, which presents difficulties.
523:
Hacker, Bradley R. (April 1991). "The Role Of
Deformation In The Formation Of Metamorphic Gradients: Ridge Subduction Beneath The Oman Ophiolite".
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sediments came from beneath the ophiolite during late-stage extensional faulting and then slid into the ophiolite late in the emplacement history.
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563:"Structure of the metamorphic sole to the Oman Ophiolite, Sumeini Window and Wadi Tayyin: implications for ophiolite obduction processes"
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There are three different models that may explain how the Samail
Ophiolite could form and overthrust a continental margin:
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provides insight into the dynamics of oceanic crust formation and the tectonic processes involved in the creation of
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483:. Geological Society of America, Special Paper. Vol. 438. Geological Society of America. pp. 191–222.
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Wilson, H. Hugh (July 2000). "The Age Of The
Hawasina And Other Problems Of Oman Mountain Geology".
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276:-facies conditions at the base of the Samail Ophiolite. This model is more supported by geologists.
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crust that was thrust over continental crust due to the convergence of the
African and Eurasian
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Arabian Plate map with Samail
Ophiolite location on the eastern corner of the Arabian Peninsula
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period, approximately 95 million years ago, the Samail
Ophiolite represents a fragment of the
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It covers an area of around 100,000 square kilometers, and is a complete and well-preserved
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and a passive continental margin (Fig. 2). Figure 2-A, older than 101 to 95 Ma the
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373:"Significance of the evaporite occurrences in the Hawasina Window, Oman Mountains"
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Verhandelingen Koninklijk Nederlands Geologisch Mijnbouwkundidg Genootschap
371:Ágoston Sasvári; Tamás Pocsai; László Csontos; Gizella B. Árgyelán (2008).
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474:"Suprasubduction-zone ophiolites: Is there really an ophiolite conundrum?"
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173:. The ophiolite formed in the Late Cretaceous and consists of a basal
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156:. After that the thrust sheets are from low to high structurally: the
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Oxburgh, E. R. (1972). "Flake Tectonics and Continental Collision".
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Samail Ophiolite Detachment and Emplacement:Mechanisms and Timing
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Ophiolites, Arcs, and Batholiths: A Tribute to Cliff Hopson
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of an arc-trench gap ophiolite due to the collision of a
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576:"Reinhardt BM 1974 Geology of the Oman mountains".
197:(0.5–2.0 km). The Batinah complex containing
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328:Deep Carbon Observatory: A Decade of Discovery
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472:Rodney V. Metcalf; John W. Shervais (2008).
39:Close-up view of a section of the ophiolite.
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479:. In Wright, J.E.; Shervais, J.W. (eds.).
356:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
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325:Deep Carbon Observatory (2019).
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406:"Ophiolites a natural wonder"
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431:Journal of Petroleum Geology
404:Jan Schreurs; John Millson.
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659:Cretaceous System of Asia
181:tectonic (8–12 km),
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380:MOL Scientific Magazine
152:and possibly the late
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489:10.1130/2008.2438(07)
291:suprasupduction model
231:suprasubduction model
224:gravity sliding model
193:(1–1.5 km), and
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61:United Arab Emirates
53:geological formation
47:, also known as the
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189:(0.5–6.5 km),
144:Geologic formations
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331:. Washington, DC.
199:continental margin
177:sole (150–200 m),
102:Formed during the
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498:978-0-8137-2438-6
167:continental slope
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342:13 December
304:Fig 3: The
289:Fig 2: The
274:greenschist
266:amphibolite
247:lithosphere
175:metamorphic
154:Proterozoic
679:Ophiolites
653:Categories
414:10 October
313:References
179:peridotite
171:Cretaceous
120:subduction
85:overthrust
71:, made of
525:Tectonics
459:128840838
352:cite book
250:subducted
235:obduction
214:Formation
150:Paleozoic
116:obduction
93:ophiolite
87:onto the
83:that was
382:: 87–92.
262:accreted
59:and the
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608:Bibcode
533:Bibcode
439:Bibcode
183:igneous
91:. This
63:in the
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600:Nature
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270:craton
233:: The
187:gabbro
133:with (
624:S2CID
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455:S2CID
409:(PDF)
376:(PDF)
195:lavas
493:ISBN
416:2013
358:link
344:2019
256:The
229:The
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43:The
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