272:
rejected the proposed payments and promised to refund the allowances they had been paid since 2017, following public backlash against the emoluments. In opposing their monthly salaries, the Trades Union
Congress acknowledged the role of the first and second ladies, particularly in supporting women's
141:
wrote that the spouse of the vice president did not have an official title, and that people were often unsure about how to introduce her, saying: "Sometimes they call me the Second Lady. Sometimes they refer to me as the Second First Lady. Once I was even introduced as the Second Lady of Vice." In
129:
columnist Philip Bump argued that use of the phrase "second lady" could be traced back as early as the 1860s, strengthening in popularity around 1892, and "spiking" around the turn of the 20th century, according to his research using the
170:, has acknowledged the many generations of women who had served in the role "without much accolade", and vowed to continue building on "their legacy of progress". The abbreviation for Second Gentleman of the United States is SGOTUS.
55:, which are used to describe the spouse of a president or governor. In discussing both spouses, they may be referred to as the second couple, and if they have children, they are known collectively as the second family.
110:
wrote, "she helped to define this nebulous role for an entire generation of women who would succeed her." Subsequent second ladies also had their own issues which they advocated, such as education reform and literacy.
85:
The role of the second lady is unpaid and not formally defined. The wife of the vice president of the United States was traditionally expected to serve as a hostess and appear at society functions. As the
123:
and Jeff McQuain have suggested that use of the term "second lady" to refer to the wife of the vice president of the United States did not become more commonplace until the 1980s. However, in 2017,
150:
the Second Lady of the United States was "weird", Cheney acknowledged, "Well, it is, a little, but it's ok." The abbreviation for the Second Lady of the United States is SLOTUS.
949:
106:, was the first second spouse to add a great deal of substance to the role, traveling independently of the vice president and setting her own event schedule. historian
975:
289:
264:
should receive compensation equivalent to the salary of a cabinet minister-MP, along with the spouse of the president. Although the recommendation was approved by
495:
273:
rights, children's rights, and other causes promoting social and economic development, but stressed that they were not assigned official duties according to the
87:
376:
167:
80:
162:
becoming the first male spouse of an
American vice president. Emhoff, who followed Biden's example and started teaching entertainment law at
820:
654:
1072:
524:
246:
208:
192:
referred to Jackie, wife of fictional
Lieutenant Governor "One-Eyed Mack", as the Second Lady of Oklahoma from the late 1980s.
764:
465:
432:
211:
from Brazil, has "transformed the ceremonial role of Second Lady of
Pennsylvania...into a megaphone for the marginalized".
1135:
185:
179:
203:
that she prefers the titular acronym SLOP over the more "stuffy" title of Second Lady of
Pennsylvania. Andrew Rosati of
337:
reported in 2008 that Fillon was trying to play down the role, which had traditionally remained outside the limelight.
1150:
1056:
906:
881:
804:
744:
688:
586:
561:
163:
17:
1145:
401:
637:
58:
The expression "second lady in the land" has also been used to refer to the second-highest ranking female in a
1140:
1006:
309:
976:"Modern and party-oriented, the Second Lady attracts fans on social networks and nicknames the dog Mourâo"
90:
itself gained power and influence, the spouse of the vice president also became more visible. Second Lady
371:
254:
923:
250:
95:
681:
Secret Lives of the First Ladies: What your teachers never told you about the women of the White House
579:
Secret Lives of the First Ladies: What your teachers never told you about the women of the White House
281:
361:
196:
1104:
821:"[Transcript] Second Lady Lynne Cheney on Her New Book, Media's Treatment of Sarah Palin"
288:(1999–2007), used her role to combat human trafficking. During her tenure, she founded WOTCLEF (
366:
351:
274:
235:
225:
40:
356:
261:
107:
184:
At the state level, second lady or second gentleman is used to refer to the spouse of the
158:
In 2021, Merriam-Webster added the term "second gentleman" to its dictionary, in light of
8:
769:
704:
265:
131:
125:
44:
239:
630:
Affairs of State: The Rise and
Rejection of the Presidential Couple Since World War II
330:
1052:
902:
877:
800:
740:
684:
633:
582:
557:
91:
1044:
847:
603:
319:
292:), and became the first civilian in Nigerian history to propose draft legislation.
924:"Before racial slur, Pennsylvania's second lady was best known for her big heart"
326:
52:
950:"Gisele Fetterman's history as undocumented immigrant inspires husband's policy"
709:
285:
269:
120:
1048:
1129:
301:
103:
1036:
781:
480:
447:
305:
260:
In Ghana, an emoluments committee set up in June 2019 recommended that the
147:
63:
245:
In
Colombia, the second lady or second gentleman is the equivalent of the
304:
was said to become the "second lady in the land", ranking second only to
159:
138:
433:"Merriam-Webster adds 'second gentleman' to describe Doug Emhoff's role"
466:"Former royal courtesan rises swiftly into inner circle; Royal Wedding"
346:
189:
48:
525:"[Books of the Week] Queen Marie of Rumania: Her Life to 1914"
47:
or other second-ranked government official. The title is styled after
1077:
529:
510:
314:
99:
143:
59:
39:
are honorary titles often used in reference to the spouse of a
1043:. Ithaca, New York: Cornell University Press. pp. 18–49.
333:, was nicknamed "France's second lady" in the media. However,
848:"Second Spouses – Historical Development of an Official Role"
604:"Second Spouses – Historical Development of an Official Role"
318:
noted that the duties of an
American second lady at home in
721:
655:"Remembering Pat Nixon: A fearless first and second lady"
290:
Women
Trafficking and Child Labour Eradication Foundation
200:
1007:"Salaries for First And Second Ladies: The Story So Far"
765:"'Second lady' has been in use for at least 127 years"
402:"The Story Behind 'First Lady': Always second to none"
683:. Philadelphia: Quirk Books. pp. 184, 238, 271.
581:. Philadelphia: Quirk Books. pp. 184, 238, 271.
173:
247:
spouse or partner of the vice president of
Colombia
166:at the same time he assumed his ceremonial role as
27:
Spouse of a vice president or a lieutenant governor
329:, the British-born wife of former Prime Minister
219:
1127:
377:Second ladies and gentlemen of the United States
188:. In political fiction, novelist and journalist
81:Second ladies and gentlemen of the United States
74:
901:. New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons. p. 12.
268:in 2021, both the first lady and Second Lady
1034:
678:
576:
98:when she withdrew from public appearances.
922:McLaughlin, Eliott C. (October 13, 2020).
921:
322:, "have no exact counterpart in England".
646:
463:
799:. New York: Broadway Books. p. 1.
734:
653:Brower, Kate Andersen (June 24, 2018).
556:. New York: Broadway Books. p. 1.
430:
14:
1128:
1089:– via The Times Digital Archive.
947:
896:
876:. New York: G. P. Putnam. p. 48.
871:
852:The White House Historical Association
758:
756:
739:. New York: Random House. p. 14.
652:
608:The White House Historical Association
541:– via The Times Digital Archive.
207:said in 2022 that Fetterman, a former
1098:
1096:
1030:
1028:
1001:
999:
997:
632:. New York: Free Press. p. 120.
459:
457:
168:Second Gentleman of the United States
1102:
794:
762:
627:
551:
464:Hamilton, Alan (February 12, 2005).
426:
424:
422:
396:
394:
392:
948:Rosati, Andrew (October 22, 2022).
753:
672:
533:. London, England. October 19, 1934
493:
226:Vice president § In government
180:Lieutenant governor (United States)
153:
24:
1093:
1025:
994:
845:
839:
788:
601:
595:
570:
545:
454:
431:Bennett, Kate (January 28, 2021).
214:
209:undocumented immigrant to the U.S.
25:
1162:
419:
389:
174:Spouse of the lieutenant governor
114:
69:
1065:
968:
941:
915:
890:
865:
813:
728:
697:
280:In Nigeria, former Second Lady
621:
517:
494:Kay, Richard (November 2005).
487:
13:
1:
763:Bump, Philip (July 5, 2017).
382:
295:
284:, the wife of Vice President
1103:Boyd, Carolyn (March 2008).
1035:Vanderhurst, Stacey (2022).
797:Picture This: A Visual Diary
554:Picture This: A Visual Diary
310:Charles, the Prince of Wales
262:spouse of the vice president
230:In Brazil, the second lady (
220:Spouse of the vice president
88:Office of the Vice President
75:Spouse of the vice president
7:
372:Second spouses of Indonesia
340:
146:host remarked that calling
10:
1167:
1136:Spouses of vice presidents
406:Merriam-Webster Dictionary
236:wife of the vice president
223:
177:
94:often replaced First Lady
78:
1049:10.1515/9781501763540-003
500:Australian Women's Weekly
102:, wife of Vice President
679:O'Brien, Cormac (2005).
577:O'Brien, Cormac (2005).
362:Second Lady of Guatemala
277:or other national laws.
238:and resides with him at
1105:"The prime of her life"
1073:"America's Second Lady"
300:In the United Kingdom,
255:Vice Presidential House
249:who, together with the
1146:Spouses of politicians
956:. Bloomberg News (TNS)
735:McQuain, Jeff (1999).
367:Second ladies of India
232:Segunda-dama do Brasil
66:if there is a queen.
1151:Women's social titles
795:Gore, Tipper (1996).
552:Gore, Tipper (1996).
352:Second Lady of Brazil
302:Camilla Parker Bowles
275:Constitution of Ghana
195:In 2020, Second Lady
164:Georgetown University
1141:Spouses of governors
897:Lehrer, Jim (1991).
872:Lehrer, Jim (1989).
827:. September 15, 2008
357:Second Lady of Ghana
108:Kate Andersen Brower
770:The Washington Post
705:"Mrs. Lynne Cheney"
186:lieutenant governor
45:lieutenant governor
1081:. November 3, 1958
737:Never Enough Words
628:Troy, Gil (1997).
312:in 2005. In 1958,
306:Queen Elizabeth II
119:Writers including
96:Jacqueline Kennedy
1041:Unmaking Migrants
982:. January 8, 2019
846:Shogan, Colleen.
722:National Archives
602:Shogan, Colleen.
496:"The Queen and I"
253:, resides in the
197:Giselle Fetterman
132:Google Ngram tool
92:Lady Bird Johnson
43:, or spouse of a
16:(Redirected from
1158:
1120:
1119:
1117:
1115:
1100:
1091:
1090:
1088:
1086:
1069:
1063:
1062:
1032:
1023:
1022:
1020:
1018:
1003:
992:
991:
989:
987:
972:
966:
965:
963:
961:
945:
939:
938:
936:
934:
919:
913:
912:
894:
888:
887:
869:
863:
862:
860:
858:
843:
837:
836:
834:
832:
817:
811:
810:
792:
786:
785:
779:
777:
760:
751:
750:
732:
726:
725:
719:
717:
701:
695:
694:
676:
670:
669:
667:
665:
650:
644:
643:
625:
619:
618:
616:
614:
599:
593:
592:
574:
568:
567:
549:
543:
542:
540:
538:
521:
515:
514:
508:
506:
491:
485:
484:
478:
476:
461:
452:
451:
445:
443:
428:
417:
416:
414:
412:
398:
320:Washington, D.C.
308:, upon marrying
154:Second gentleman
37:second gentleman
21:
18:Second Gentleman
1166:
1165:
1161:
1160:
1159:
1157:
1156:
1155:
1126:
1125:
1124:
1123:
1113:
1111:
1109:France Magazine
1101:
1094:
1084:
1082:
1071:
1070:
1066:
1059:
1033:
1026:
1016:
1014:
1013:. July 17, 2021
1005:
1004:
995:
985:
983:
974:
973:
969:
959:
957:
946:
942:
932:
930:
920:
916:
909:
895:
891:
884:
870:
866:
856:
854:
844:
840:
830:
828:
819:
818:
814:
807:
793:
789:
775:
773:
761:
754:
747:
733:
729:
715:
713:
703:
702:
698:
691:
677:
673:
663:
661:
651:
647:
640:
626:
622:
612:
610:
600:
596:
589:
575:
571:
564:
550:
546:
536:
534:
523:
522:
518:
504:
502:
492:
488:
474:
472:
462:
455:
441:
439:
429:
420:
410:
408:
400:
399:
390:
385:
343:
335:France Magazine
331:François Fillon
327:Penelope Fillon
298:
240:Jaburu's Palace
228:
222:
217:
215:Other countries
182:
176:
156:
126:Washington Post
117:
83:
77:
72:
53:first gentleman
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1164:
1154:
1153:
1148:
1143:
1138:
1122:
1121:
1092:
1064:
1057:
1024:
993:
967:
940:
914:
907:
899:Lost and Found
889:
882:
874:Crown Oklahoma
864:
838:
812:
805:
787:
752:
745:
727:
710:whitehouse.gov
696:
689:
671:
645:
638:
620:
594:
587:
569:
562:
544:
516:
486:
453:
418:
387:
386:
384:
381:
380:
379:
374:
369:
364:
359:
354:
349:
342:
339:
297:
294:
286:Atiku Abubakar
270:Samira Bawumia
251:vice president
221:
218:
216:
213:
205:Bloomberg News
175:
172:
155:
152:
121:William Safire
116:
115:Usage of title
113:
79:Main article:
76:
73:
71:
68:
64:crown princess
41:vice president
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1163:
1152:
1149:
1147:
1144:
1142:
1139:
1137:
1134:
1133:
1131:
1110:
1106:
1099:
1097:
1080:
1079:
1074:
1068:
1060:
1058:9781501763540
1054:
1050:
1046:
1042:
1038:
1031:
1029:
1012:
1008:
1002:
1000:
998:
981:
977:
971:
955:
951:
944:
929:
925:
918:
910:
908:0-399-13601-0
904:
900:
893:
885:
883:0-399-13434-4
879:
875:
868:
853:
849:
842:
826:
825:Fox News Live
822:
816:
808:
806:9780553067200
802:
798:
791:
783:
772:
771:
766:
759:
757:
748:
746:0-679-45804-2
742:
738:
731:
723:
712:
711:
706:
700:
692:
690:9781594740145
686:
682:
675:
660:
656:
649:
641:
635:
631:
624:
609:
605:
598:
590:
588:9781594740145
584:
580:
573:
565:
563:9780553067200
559:
555:
548:
532:
531:
526:
520:
512:
501:
497:
490:
482:
471:
467:
460:
458:
449:
438:
434:
427:
425:
423:
407:
403:
397:
395:
393:
388:
378:
375:
373:
370:
368:
365:
363:
360:
358:
355:
353:
350:
348:
345:
344:
338:
336:
332:
328:
323:
321:
317:
316:
311:
307:
303:
293:
291:
287:
283:
282:Titi Abubakar
278:
276:
271:
267:
263:
258:
256:
252:
248:
243:
241:
237:
233:
227:
212:
210:
206:
202:
198:
193:
191:
187:
181:
171:
169:
165:
161:
151:
149:
145:
142:2008, when a
140:
135:
133:
128:
127:
122:
112:
109:
105:
104:Richard Nixon
101:
97:
93:
89:
82:
70:United States
67:
65:
61:
56:
54:
50:
46:
42:
38:
34:
30:
19:
1114:December 15,
1112:. Retrieved
1108:
1085:December 20,
1083:. Retrieved
1076:
1067:
1040:
1017:December 15,
1015:. Retrieved
1011:Fly FM Ghana
1010:
986:December 15,
984:. Retrieved
979:
970:
960:December 20,
958:. Retrieved
953:
943:
933:December 20,
931:. Retrieved
927:
917:
898:
892:
873:
867:
857:December 20,
855:. Retrieved
851:
841:
831:December 16,
829:. Retrieved
824:
815:
796:
790:
782:Gale OneFile
780:– via
776:December 20,
774:. Retrieved
768:
736:
730:
720:– via
714:. Retrieved
708:
699:
680:
674:
662:. Retrieved
658:
648:
629:
623:
613:December 20,
611:. Retrieved
607:
597:
578:
572:
553:
547:
537:December 20,
535:. Retrieved
528:
519:
509:– via
505:December 20,
503:. Retrieved
499:
489:
481:Gale OneFile
479:– via
475:December 20,
473:. Retrieved
469:
448:Gale OneFile
446:– via
442:December 15,
440:. Retrieved
436:
411:December 20,
409:. Retrieved
405:
334:
324:
313:
299:
279:
259:
244:
231:
229:
204:
194:
183:
157:
148:Lynne Cheney
136:
124:
118:
84:
62:, such as a
57:
36:
32:
31:
29:
1037:"1. Crisis"
716:October 13,
325:In France,
160:Doug Emhoff
139:Tipper Gore
33:Second lady
1130:Categories
639:0684828200
383:References
347:First lady
296:Other uses
266:Parliament
234:), is the
224:See also:
190:Jim Lehrer
178:See also:
49:first lady
1078:The Times
664:August 6,
530:The Times
511:EBSCOHost
470:The Times
315:The Times
137:In 1996,
100:Pat Nixon
954:PennLive
659:The Hill
437:CNN Wire
341:See also
144:Fox News
60:monarchy
1055:
905:
880:
803:
743:
687:
636:
585:
560:
980:Extra
199:told
1116:2022
1087:2022
1053:ISBN
1019:2022
988:2022
962:2022
935:2022
903:ISBN
878:ISBN
859:2022
833:2022
801:ISBN
778:2022
741:ISBN
718:2008
685:ISBN
666:2018
634:ISBN
615:2022
583:ISBN
558:ISBN
539:2022
507:2022
477:2022
444:2022
413:2022
35:and
1045:doi
928:CNN
201:CNN
51:or
1132::
1107:.
1095:^
1075:.
1051:.
1039:.
1027:^
1009:.
996:^
978:.
952:.
926:.
850:.
823:.
767:.
755:^
707:.
657:.
606:.
527:.
498:.
468:.
456:^
435:.
421:^
404:.
391:^
257:.
242:.
134:.
1118:.
1061:.
1047::
1021:.
990:.
964:.
937:.
911:.
886:.
861:.
835:.
809:.
784:.
749:.
724:.
693:.
668:.
642:.
617:.
591:.
566:.
513:.
483:.
450:.
415:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.